Unit 4 Our animal friends 单词讲解课件 2025-2026学年初中英语沪教版七年级下册

Unit 4 Our animal friends 初中英语沪教版七年级下册单词讲解 Vocabulary dolphin /ˈdɒlfɪn/ n. 海豚 hen /hen/ n. 母鸡 blind /blaɪnd/ adj. 瞎的；失明的 sir /sɜː(r)/ n. 先生 allow /əˈlaʊ/ v. 允许进入（或出去、通过） apologize /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ v. 道歉 asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj. 睡着 smoke /sməʊk/ n. 烟 fireman /ˈfaɪəmən/ n. 消防队员 type /taɪp/ n. 类型；种类 service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ n. 服务 disaster /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ n. 灾难；灾害 Vocabulary guest /ɡest/ n. 旅客；房客 team /tiːm/ n. 组；班 transport /trænˈspɔːt/ v. 运输；运送 guard /ɡɑːd/ v. 守卫；保卫 honey /ˈhʌni/ n. 蜂蜜 material /məˈtɪəriəl/ n. 材料；原料 either /ˈaɪðə(r)/ adv. 也 shark /ʃɑːk/ n. 鲨鱼 scared /skeəd/ adj. 害怕；恐惧 grey /ɡreɪ/ adj. 灰色的 somewhere /ˈsʌmweə(r)/ adv. 在某处；到某处 probably /ˈprɒbəbli/ adv. 很可能；大概 Vocabulary source /sɔːs/ n. 来源；出处 sometime /ˈsʌmtaɪm/ adv. 在某时 extinct /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/ adj. 已灭绝的；绝种的 effort /ˈefət/ n. 艰难的尝试；试图 — — — • Unit 4 • — — — Words and expressions dolphin /ˈdɒlfɪn/ n. 海豚 词性 变换 - dolphins n. 海豚 短语 - a bottlenose dolphin 宽吻海豚 - swim with dolphins 和海豚一起游泳 例句 1. Dolphins are very friendly and smart animals. 海豚是非常友好又聪明的动物。 2. We watched dolphins jump in the sea at the zoo. 我们在动物园里看到海豚在海里跳跃。 hen /hen/ n. 母鸡 词性 变换 - hens n. 母鸡 - rooster n. 公鸡；chick 小鸡 短语 - a mother hen 母鸡；护崽心切的妈妈 - lay eggs like a hen 像母鸡一样下蛋 例句 1. The hen has laid three eggs this week. 这只母鸡这周已经下了三个蛋。 2. There are some hens and chicks on my grandma's farm. 奶奶的农场里有一些母鸡和小鸡。 blind /blaɪnd/ adj. 瞎的；失明的；盲目的 词性 变换 - blindness n. 失明；盲目 - blindly adv. 盲目地；无目的地 短语 - the blind 盲人（复数概念） - be blind to 对……视而不见 - go blind 失明 例句 1. The guide dog helps the blind man cross the road. 导盲犬帮助盲人过马路。 2. Don't be blind to the dangers around you. 不要对身边的危险视而不见。 sir /sɜː(r)/ n. 先生 常用用法 - 对男士的礼貌称呼，相当于“先生” - Yes, sir./No, sir. 常与 yes/no 搭配 例句 1. "Can I help you, sir?" asked the shop assistant. “先生，需要帮忙吗？”店员问道。 2. "Sir, your dinner is ready," said the waiter. “先生，您的晚餐准备好了。”服务员说。 allow /əˈlaʊ/ v. 允许进入（或出去、通过）；准许 词性 变换 - allows v. 允许 - allowed v. 允许 - allowance n. 津贴；允许 短语 - allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 - be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事 - allow in/out 允许进入/出去 例句 1. We are not allowed to run in the hallways. 我们不允许在走廊里奔跑。 2. The sign says "No pets allowed". 牌子上写着“禁止宠物入内”。 apologize /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ v. 道歉；认错 词性 变换 - apologizes v. 道歉 - apologized v. 道歉 - apology n. 道歉；歉意 短语 - apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 - make an apology 道歉 例句 1. He apologized to his teacher for being late. 他因为迟到向老师道歉。 2. You should apologize to your friend for being rude. 你应该为你的无礼向朋友道歉。 asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj. 睡着的；入睡的 词性 变换 - sleep v. 睡觉；入睡 - sleeping adj. 睡着的（作定语） - sleepy adj. 困倦的；想睡的 短语 - fall asleep 入睡；睡着 - fast asleep 熟睡；睡得很香 例句 1. The baby is fast asleep in her bed. 宝宝在床上睡得很香。 2. He fell asleep while watching TV. 他看着电视就睡着了。 smoke /sməʊk/ n. 烟；烟雾 v. 吸烟；冒烟 词性 变换 - smoky adj. 烟雾弥漫的；多烟的 - smoker n. 吸烟者 短语 - cigarette smoke 香烟烟雾 - heavy smoke 浓烟 - no smoking 禁止吸烟 例句 1. Smoke from the fire filled the room. 房间里充满了火灾产生的烟雾。 2. Smoking is bad for your health. 吸烟有害健康。 fireman /ˈfaɪəmən/ n. 消防队员；消防员 词性 变换 - firemen n. 消防员 - firewoman n. 女消防员 短语 - a brave fireman 勇敢的消防员 - call the firemen 叫消防员 例句 1. The firemen saved the people from the burning building. 消防员们把人们从着火的大楼里救了出来。 2. My uncle is a fireman, and he is very brave. 我叔叔是一名消防员，他非常勇敢。 type /taɪp/ n. 类型；种类 v. 打字；输入 词性 变换 - typical adj. 典型的；特有的 - typist n. 打字员 短语 - different types of 不同类型的 - a type of ……的一种 - type in 输入 例句 1. What type of music do you like? 你喜欢什么类型的音乐？ 2. There are many types of animals in the zoo. 动物园里有很多种动物。 service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ n. 服务；接待；服役 词性 变换 - serve v. 服务；招待 - serviceable adj. 耐用的；可用的 短语 - customer service 客户服务 - good service 优质服务 - public service 公共服务 例句 1. The service in this hotel is very good. 这家酒店的服务非常好。 2. The restaurant offers fast food service. 这家餐厅提供快餐服务。 disaster /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ n. 灾难；灾害 词性 变换 - disastrous adj. 灾难性的；损失惨重的 短语 - natural disaster 自然灾害 - a terrible disaster 可怕的灾难 - disaster relief 救灾 例句 1. The earthquake was a terrible disaster. 这场地震是一场可怕的灾难。 2. Many people lost their homes in the natural disaster. 很多人在这场自然灾害中失去了家园。 guest /ɡest/ n. 旅客；房客；客人 词性 变换 - guests n. 客人；房客 - guest v. 做客；客串 短语 - welcome guests 欢迎客人 - hotel guests 酒店客人 - dinner guest 晚宴客人 例句 1. We have some guests coming to dinner tonight. 今晚有客人来我们家吃饭。 2. The hotel can hold up to 200 guests. 这家酒店最多能容纳200名客人。 team /tiːm/ n. 组；班；团队 词性 变换 - team-based adj. 团队合作的 - teamwork n. 团队合作 短语 - a football team 足球队 - team work 团队合作 - team spirit 团队精神 例句 1. Our class team won the basketball game. 我们班的球队赢了篮球赛。 2. Teamwork is very important in this job. 团队合作在这份工作中非常重要。 transport /trænˈspɔːt/ v. 运输；运送 /ˈtrænspɔːt/ n. 运输；交通工具 词性 变换 - transportation n. 运输；交通 - transportable adj. 可运输的 短语 - public transport 公共交通 - transport goods 运输货物 - transport by train 火车运输 例句 1. The goods are transported by truck to the market. 货物用卡车运到市场。 2. Public transport in the city is very convenient. 这座城市的公共交通非常方便。 guard /ɡɑːd/ v. 守卫；保卫；看守 n. 守卫；卫兵 词性 变换 - guards v. 守卫；保卫 - guarded v. 守卫；保卫 - guarded adj. 谨慎的；有戒备的 短语 - guard against 防范；提防 - keep guard 站岗；放哨 - a security guard 保安 例句 1. The soldiers guarded the palace day and night. 士兵们日夜守卫着宫殿。 2. The dog guarded the house while the family was away. 主人不在家时，这只狗看守着房子。 honey /ˈhʌni/ n. 蜂蜜；甜蜜 adj. 蜂蜜似的；甜蜜的 词性 变换 - honeyed adj. 甜言蜜语的；悦耳的 短语 - a spoonful of honey 一勺蜂蜜 - honey bee 蜜蜂 - honey sweet 像蜜一样甜 例句 1. I like to put honey in my tea. 我喜欢在茶里加蜂蜜。 2. The honey from this farm tastes very good. 这个农场产的蜂蜜味道很好。 material /məˈtɪəriəl/ n. 材料；原料；资料 adj. 物质的；实际的 词性 变换 - materialistic adj. 物质主义的 短语 - raw materials 原材料 - building materials 建筑材料 - teaching materials 教学资料 例句 1. Wood is a common building material. 木头是一种常见的建筑材料。 2. We need some materials to make the model. 我们需要一些材料来做这个模型。 either /ˈaɪðə(r)/ adv. 也（用于否定句）； pron. 两者之一 短语 - either…or… 要么……要么…… - me neither 我也不 - not…either 也不 例句 1. I don't like coffee, and my sister doesn't either. 我不喜欢咖啡，我妹妹也不喜欢。 2. You can take either the blue or the red one. 你可以拿蓝色的或者红色的那个。 shark /ʃɑːk/ n. 鲨鱼 词性 变换 - sharks n. 鲨鱼 短语 - a great white shark 大白鲨 - shark fin 鱼翅 例句 1. Sharks live in the ocean and are good swimmers. 鲨鱼生活在海洋里，是游泳健将。 2. Some people hunt sharks for their fins. 有些人猎捕鲨鱼是为了鱼翅。 scared /skeəd/ adj. 害怕；恐惧的 词性 变换 - scare v. 使害怕；惊吓 - scary adj. 令人害怕的；吓人的 短语 - be scared of 害怕…… - scared to do sth. 不敢做某事 例句 1. The little girl is scared of dogs. 这个小女孩害怕狗。 2. I was scared when I heard the loud noise. 听到那声巨响，我吓坏了。 grey /ɡreɪ/ adj. 灰色的；灰白的 n. 灰色 词性 变换 - greyer adj. 更灰的 - greyest adj. 最灰的 短语 - grey hair 白发 - grey sky 灰蒙蒙的天空 - light grey 浅灰色 例句 1. The old man has grey hair. 这位老人头发花白。 2. It's a grey and cloudy day today. 今天是个阴天，灰蒙蒙的。 somewhere /ˈsʌmweə(r)/ adv. 在某处；到某处 词性 变换 - somewhere pron. 某处 短语 - somewhere else 别的地方 - somewhere warm 温暖的地方 例句 1. My keys are somewhere in this room. 我的钥匙在这个房间的某个地方。 2. I want to go somewhere interesting for my holiday. 我想去个有趣的地方度假。 probably /ˈprɒbəbli/ adv. 很可能；大概 词性 变换 - probable adj. 可能的；大概的 - probability n. 可能性；概率 短语 - probably right 很可能是对的 - will probably rain 很可能会下雨 例句 1. It will probably rain this afternoon. 今天下午很可能会下雨。 2. She is probably at home now. 她现在大概在家。 source /sɔːs/ n. 来源；出处；源头 词性 变换 - source v. 从……获得；寻找来源 短语 - a source of information 信息来源 - the source of the river 河流的源头 - energy sources 能源 例句 1. The sun is the main source of energy on Earth. 太阳是地球上的主要能源。 2. Where is the source of this story? 这个故事的出处是哪里？ sometime /ˈsʌmtaɪm/ adv. 在某时；有朝一日 易混提醒 - sometime（某时）≠ sometimes（有时）≠ some time（一段时间） 短语 - sometime next week 下周的某个时候 - sometime in the future 将来的某个时候 例句 1. I will visit you sometime next month. 我下个月的某个时候会来看你。 2. Maybe we can go there together sometime. 也许我们哪天可以一起去那里。 extinct /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/ adj. 已灭绝的；绝种的 词性 变换 - extinct v. 使灭绝；消灭 - extinction n. 灭绝；绝种 短语 - become extinct 灭绝 - extinct animals 已灭绝的动物 例句 1. Dinosaurs have been extinct for millions of years. 恐龙已经灭绝数百万年了。 2. Many animals are in danger of becoming extinct. 许多动物面临灭绝的危险。 effort /ˈefət/ n. 艰难的尝试；试图；努力 词性 变换 - effortless adj. 不费力的；轻松的 短语 - make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事 - spare no effort 不遗余力 - with effort 费力地 例句 1. She made a great effort to finish the project on time. 她为按时完成项目付出了巨大努力。 2. With a little effort, you can learn it well. 稍加努力，你就能把它学好。 — — — • Unit 4 • — — — Exercises 一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词 1. The friendly d_______ showed us amazing tricks in the aquarium. 2. The old man went _____ (瞎的) after the serious illness. 3. Our school doesn't _____ (允许) us to eat snacks in the classroom. 4. You should _________ (道歉) to your teacher for being late again. 5. Thick _____ (烟) came out of the broken window. olphin blind allow apologize smoke 一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词 6. Several brave _______ (消防队员) arrived at the fire scene quickly. 7. The earthquake was a terrible natural ________ (灾难). 8. Soldiers _____ (守卫) the border day and night to protect our country. 9. Dinosaurs have been _______ (已灭绝的) for millions of years. 10. She made a great ______ (努力) to pass the final exam. firemen disaster guard extinct effort 二、用单词的适当形式填空 请根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The school doesn't _____ (allow) students to bring mobile phones to class. 2. He __________ (apologize) to his classmate for breaking his pen yesterday. 3. Two _______ (fireman) rushed into the burning house to save the little girl. 4. There are many different _____ (type) of animals living in the rainforest. 5. The waiter ______ (service) us warmly when we entered the restaurant. allow apologized firemen types served 二、用单词的适当形式填空 6. The fresh vegetables are ___________ (transport) from the countryside to the city every morning. 7. The dog _______ (guard) the house carefully while its owners were on holiday. 8. The __________ (extinct) of some animals is caused by human activities. 9. With his help, we finished the task in an __________ (effort) way. 10. The little boy was ______ (scared) when he saw the big shark in the aquarium. transported guarded extinction effortless scared 三、选词填空 allow, somewhere, guard, service, probably (请从方框中选择合适单词填入空格，每词限用一次) 1. The five-star hotel is well-known for its excellent _______. 2. Parents should _______ their children to try new things bravely. 3. The loyal dog will _______ the house while the family is away. 4. I want to go ___________ warm to spend my winter holiday. 5. It will ________ rain this afternoon, so you'd better take an umbrella. service allow guard somewhere probably See You! $