Unit 1-Unit 3（易错题专项练习·语法提升）英语外研版三起五年级下册（新教材）

Unit 1 -Unit 3 专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练 句型、语法 语法提升 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 一般过去时（一） 高频易错点01 be动词过去式 & 句型转换 1. am/is → was；are → were（表示过去的状态） 2. 肯定句：主语+was/were+… I was happy at summer camp. 我在夏令营很开心。 They were on the playground. 他们在操场上。 3. 否定句：主语+wasn’t/weren’t+… He wasn’t tired. 他不累。 4. 一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+…? Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗？ 5. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语? Where were you last holiday? 你上个假期在哪里？ 小练笔 单项选择 ( ) 1. I ____ at home yesterday. A. am B. was C. were ( ) 2. They ____ on the playground last Sunday. A. was B. were C. is ( ) 3. ____ she a volunteer last year? A. Was B. Were C. Is ( ) 4. He ____ tired after training. A. were B. was C. are ( ) 5. The film ____ very funny. A. was B. were C. am 点 拨 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 解析： 1. 主语I为单数，yesterday表过去，用was。 2. 主语they为复数，过去时间用were。 3. 主语she单数，last year表过去，一般疑问句用Was开头。 4. 主语he单数，过去状态用was。 5. 主语the film单数，过去用was。 -句型转换 1. I was at summer camp.（否定句） I _______ _______ at summer camp. 2. They were in the library.（一般疑问句） _______ _______ in the library? 3. She was happy.（对划线提问） _______ _______ she? 4. We were at home.（改为单数I） _______ _______ at home. 5. It was a good holiday.（复数句） _______ _______ good holidays. 点 拨 1.was not 2.Were they 3.How was 4.I was 5.They were 解析： 1. was的否定直接在后面加not。 2. were提前，主语后置，构成一般疑问句。 3. 提问感受/状态用How，后接was。 4. 主语变I，be动词过去式对应was。 5. it变they，was变were。 一般过去时（二）高频易错点02 实义动词（规则+不规则变化） 1.规则变化： 1　 一般情况：直接 + ed。如：work → worked，play → played，help → helped 2　 以 e 结尾：直接 + d。如：love → loved，live → lived，dance → danced 3　 “辅音字母 + y”结尾：变 y 为 i + ed。如：study → studied，hurry → hurried 4　 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅）：双写尾字母 + ed。如：stop → stopped，plan → planned 2. 不规则动词： go 去（went 过去式） see 看见（saw 过去式） say 说（said 过去式） do 做（did 过去式） make 做；交（朋友）（made 过去式） give 给（gave 过去式） run 跑（ran 过去式） feel 感觉（felt 过去式） have 有（had 过去式） can 能（could 过去式） read 读（read 过去式） write 写（wrote 过去式） fall 落下（fell 过去式） 3. 肯定句教材例句： I went to a hill. 我去了一座小山。 She helped the old man. 她帮助了那位老人。 He fell off the bike. 他从自行车上摔了下来。 4. 否定/疑问：用did，动词变回原形 Did you read books yesterday? 你昨天读书了吗？ I didn’t see a film. 我没有看电影。 易错点提示 动词过去式要牢记！ 做题步骤： 1.做题时先根据时间词和语境判断是否为一般过去时； 2.找到主语后面的谓语动词； 3.判断该动词是规则变化还是不规则变化； 4.不规则变化需要记忆，规则变化则按照规则变为过去式。 小练笔 （1）写出下列动词的过去式 1. work ________ 6. live ________ 11. go ________ 2. love ________ 7. study ________ 12. have ________ 3. hurry ________ 8. plan ________ 13. say ________ 4. stop ________ 9. help ________ 14. make ________ 5. play ________ 10. dance ________ 15. see ________ 点 拨 1. worked 6.lived 11. went 2. loved 7.studied 12. had 3. hurried 8.planned 13. said 4. stopped 9.helped 14. made 5. played 10.danced 15. saw （2）用所给词适当形式填空 1. I ________ (go) to a hill yesterday. 2. She ________ (help) her friend last week. 3. They ________ (read) books last night. 4. He ________ (fall) off the bike. 5. We ________ (become) good friends. 点 拨 1.went 2.helped 3.read 4.fell 5.became 解析： 1. go为不规则变化，过去式went。 2. help为规则变化，直接加ed。 3. read过去式写法不变。 4. fall不规则变化，过去式fell。 5. become不规则变化，过去式became。 疑问词：what / who / where / when / how高频易错点03 · - What：“什么”，问事情、物品。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做什么了？ · - Who：“谁”，问人。 Who did you help? 你帮助了谁？ · - Where：“哪里”，问地点。 Where is the library? 图书馆在哪？ · - When：“什么时候”，问时间。 When did you go there? 你是什么时候去那里的？ · - How：“怎么样”，问方式、心情等。 How can I get there? 我怎样才能到达那里？ How do you feel? 你感觉怎么样？ 易错点提示 注意特殊疑问词的回答 · What用来询问做什么事、是什么东西 - What did you do yesterday? - I read books. / I helped people. · Who：用来询问人、是谁、帮助了谁 - Who did you help? - I helped an old man. / I helped my cousin. · Where：用来询问在哪里、去了哪里 - Where is the library? - It’s near the park. / It’s next to the museum. · When：用来询问什么时候、何时做 - When did you go there? - Yesterday. / Last Sunday. / At three o’clock. · How：用来询问怎样去、如何做、交通方式 - How can I get there? - Turn left. / Turn right at the park. / Go straight. 小练笔 （1）单项选择 ( ) 1. —____ did you help? —An old man. A. Who B. What C. Where ( ) 2. —____ did you go? —To the library. A. When B. Where C. How ( ) 3. —____ did you get there? —Turn left. A. How B. What C. Who ( ) 4. —____ did you do? —I cleaned the park. A. What B. When C. Where ( ) 5. —____ did you come back? —Yesterday. A. When B. Where C. How 1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 解析： 1. 答语是人，用Who提问。 2. 答语是地点，用Where提问。 3. 答语是路线方式，用How提问。 4. 答语是做的事情，用What提问。 5. 答语是时间，用When提问。 点 拨 易错句型高频易错点03 1. would like to do = want to do 想要做某事（必须加to） I want to read a storybook. 我想读一本故事书。 She would like to be a volunteer. 她想要做一名志愿者。 2.There be 句型：某地有某物 - There is+单数/不可数 - There are+复数 - 过去式：There was / were There is a library near here. 这附近有一个图书馆。 There were many books on the desk. 之前桌子上有许多书。 3.Could的用法 (1) could 是 can 的过去式，表示过去能、会、可以 (2) could+动词原形，无人称变化 I could ride a bike when I was six. 我六岁的时候就会骑自行车了。 She could play the guitar last year. 她去年会弹吉他。 (3) 否定：couldn’t He couldn’t ski at first. 一开始他不会滑雪。 (4) 疑问：Could+主语+动词原形…? Could you swim before? 你以前会游泳吗？ 小练笔 单项选择 ( ) 1. I would like ____ a book. A. read B. to read C. reading ( ) 2. He wants ____ a volunteer. A. be B. to be C. being ( ) 3. There ____ a library near here. A. is B. are C. were ( ) 4. There ____ many books on the desk. A. is B. are C. was ( ) 5. There ____ a film yesterday. A. was B. were C. are ( ) 6. I ____ ride a bike when I was six. A. can B. could C. am ( ) 7. She ____ play the guitar last year. A. could B. can C. is ( ) 8. ____ you swim before? A. Can B. Could C. Do ( ) 9. He couldn’t ____ fast. A. run B. ran C. running ( ) 10.. They ____ help people. A. could B. can C. were 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. A 10.A 解析： 1. would like后固定加to do。 2. want后用to do，表示“成为”用to be。 3. a library为单数，用is。 4. many books为复数，用are。 5. a film单数，yesterday过去，用was。 6. when I was six表过去，用could。 7. last year表过去，用could。 8. before表过去，用Could提问。 9. could/couldn’t后必须跟动词原形。 10. 教材语境为过去能力，用could。 点 拨 易错短语 · - on one’s own 独自，其中的one’s为相应人称的形容词性物主代词（my, our, your, its, his, her, their)。 I can do it on my own. You should do it on your own. He should do it on his own. · - be good at 擅长（+doing） He is good at playing the guitar. · - help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做，其中to通常省略。 I helped him get the kite. 小练笔 单项选择 ( ) 1. I can do it _______ my own. A. on B. in C. at ( ) 2. She is good _______ English. A. at B. on C. in ( ) 3. He can’t do it on _______ own. A. her B. my C. his ( ) 4. I am good at _______. A. dance B. dancing C. to dance ( ) 5. We can help the old _______ the street. A. crossing B. cross C. with 1. A 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.B 解析： 1. 固定搭配on one’s own 独自。 2. 固定搭配be good at 擅长。 3. 固定搭配on one’s own，其中用相应人称的形容词性物主代词，he的形容词性物主代词形式为his。 4. be good at后面加动词ing形式。 5. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做，其中to通常省略 点 拨 综合训练 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. I ____ happy yesterday. A. was B. were C. am ( ) 2. They ____ to the park last week. A. go B. went C. goes ( ) 3. —____ did you go? —To the library. A. Where B. What C. How ( ) 4. I want ____ a book. A. read B. to read C. reading ( ) 5. There ____ a post office near here. A. is B. are C. were ( ) 6. He ____ ride a bike before. A. could B. can C. is ( ) 7. She is good ____ drawing. A. at B. on C. in ( ) 8. I did my homework ____ my own. A. on B. in C. at ( ) 9. ____ a nice book! A. What B. How C. Where ( ) 10. Please wait ____ me. A. for B. to C. at 二、用所给词适当形式填空 1. I ________ (go) to summer camp last year. 2. She ________ (help) an old man yesterday. 3. They ________ (be) at home yesterday. 4. He ________ (become) a good boy. 5. I want ________ (read) a story. 6. Could you ________ (ride) a horse? 7. There ________ (be) many books. 8. She is good at ________ (play) the guitar. 9. I did it on ________ (I) own. 10. Can you do that on ________ (you) own! 三、根据汉语完成句子 1. 我上周去了夏令营。I ________ to summer camp last week. 2. 他帮助老人过马路。He ________ the old man cross the street. 3. 你怎样到达那里？________ can you get there? 4. 我想要成为一名志愿者。I want ________ ________ a volunteer. 5. 书店紧挨着电影院。The bookstore is ________ ________ the cinema. 6. 我独自完成了作业。I did my homework ________ my ________. 7. 他擅长弹吉他。He is ________ ________ playing the guitar. 8. 请捡起你的书。Please ________ ________ your book. 9. 昨天有一场有趣的电影。There ________ an interesting film yesterday. 10. 我昨天不在学校。I ________ at school yesterday. 四、补全对话 A. Where B. How C. What D. Who E. When A: ________ did you do yesterday? B: I helped my cousin. A: ________ is he? B: He is in the library. A: ________ did you help? B: My cousin. A: ________ did you get there? B: Turn left. A: ________ did you go there? B: At 3:00. 参考答案 一、单项选择 答案：1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.A 9.A 10.A 解析： 1. I单数，过去用was。 2. last week过去，go→went。 3. 答语为地点，用Where。 4. want后接to do。 5. a post office单数，用is。 6. before表过去，用could。 7. 固定搭配be good at。 8. 固定搭配on one’s own。 9. What+a/an+形容词+单数名词。 10. 固定搭配wait for。 二、用所给词适当形式填空 答案：1.went 2.helped 3.were 4.became 5.to read 6.ride 7.are 8.playing 9.my 10.your 解析： 1. last year过去，go→went。 2. yesterday过去，help→helped。 3. 主语复数，过去用were。 4. become过去式became。 5. want后接to do。 6. could后接动词原形。 7. books复数，用are。 8. at后接动词ing形式。 9. on one’s own用I的形容词性物主代词my。 10. on one’s own用you的形容词性物主代词your。 三、根据汉语完成句子 答案：1.went 2.helped 3.How 4.to be 5.next to 6.on; own 7.good at 8.pick up 9.was 10.What 解析： 1. last week过去，go→went。 2. 过去动作，help→helped。 3. 提问方式用How。 4. want to be 想要成为。 5. 固定短语next to。 6. 固定短语on one’s own。 7. 固定短语be good at。 8. 固定短语pick up。 9. 单数+过去，用was。 10. 单数+过去+否定，用wasn't。 四、补全对话 答案：1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.E 解析： 1. 问做什么用What。 2. 问地点用Where。 3. 问人用Who。 4. 问方式路线用How。 5. 问时间用When。 第 1 页 共 2 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $