第2章 2.专题二 动词（正文）-【中考零障碍】2026年广东中考英语复习

专题二动词 第1讲动词和动词词组 知识导图 动词原形 第三人称单数 实义动词 现在分词 过去式与过去分词 分类 情态动词 can,may,must .. 动词词组 同一动词型：look,give,take 同一介/副词型：for,of,up… 教材语境 用动词的适当形式填空。回顾动词在教材中的用法。 l.He (work/works)very hard and (do/does)well in school. (RJ9全U4) 温故知新：当主语是第三人称单数时，一般在动词原形后加-s,助动词用dos。 2.They also look after/look for)ways to review what they have learned.(RJ9Ul) 温故知新：look for意为“寻找”，look after意为“照顾”。 中考链接 ()1.Peter uses his money to help people in need.His mother thinks it is a smart choice to give Peter pocket money."This habit help Peter manage money well,"she says. (2024广东语法选择改编) A.need B.must C.can 点拨：考查动词。由句意“这个习惯可以帮助Peter很好地理财”可知，此处表示“能 够；可以”，故用can。 ()2.In a narrow hutong in Beijing lies a small library.It is only seven square meters in size, but thousands of books are in it. (2025广东完形填空) A.kept B.written C.printed D.punished 点拨：由上文提及一个小型图书馆可知，此处指书籍被存放在图书馆里。write写， print打印，punish惩罚。 LZAZK 151 YY 考点解读 广东省近5年中考统计情况 考点 年份 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 题型 (69)might be (73)drink/ 动词 (68)call him 短文填空 (68)Mike enjoys (70)to explore toothbrushes have tea “Lao Pan" 情态动词 语法选择 (38)can 动词词组 完形填空 (45)give away (49)lead to (48)wait for (42)take away (41)look for (41)keep (43)think: (42)return (45)draw; (44)help; (47)protect; 实义动词辨析完形填空 (43)start (47)accept (46)change; (46)work; (48)encourage; (49)hold (47)share (49)see (46)move (注：括号中的数字表示题号) 考向(1》 实义动词辨析 分析广东省近12年中考真题可知，实义动词辨析是必考点，在完形填空中考查。在解答此 类题型时，学生要确定每个动词的含义，通过上下文分析语境，从而确定答案。 常考动词归纳（根据2014一2025年广东省卷完形填空总结） A dance跳舞 K share分享(12年2考) agree同意；赞同 draw画 keep保存 shout喊叫；呼叫 allow允许 E L show展示；显示 avoid避免；防止 encourage鼓励 laugh笑 smile微笑 accept接受 (12年2考) leave离开 spread拓展；蔓延； B enjoy喜爱；享受… lend借给；借出 的乐趣 传播 break打破；打碎 lft举起；抬起；提起 examine检查；检验 support支持 build建造 live居住；生活 explain解释；说明 M see看见(12年2考) buy买 borrow借 eat吃 move移动(12年2考) search搜索 0 0 sleep睡觉 change改变(12年2考) F order命令 start开始；创办 compare比较；对比 fll填满；填充 P T connect连接 force强迫；迫使 push督促；推动 throw扔；掷(12年2考) consider考虑；认为 forget忘记 protect保护 ty尝试；设法；努力 control操作；操纵；限 find发现 provide提供 tell讲；告诉 制；约束；管理 G play玩 thank感谢 collect收集 guess猜测；估计 pass传递 take带走 cy哭 guide指引；指导 R train训练 cook煮 H realize i 理解；领会； think思考 D help帮助(12年2考) 认识到 W depend依靠 hide藏 refuse拒绝(12年2考) wash洗 describe描写；描述 hold抱住 rest休息 warm警告 (12年2考) I return归还 discover发现；找到 imagine想象；设想 S work工作 disturb打扰；妨碍 sell出售；销售；卖 walk散步；陪伴…走 LZAZK 152 YY 对点专练 一、语法巩固。 1.Good speakers change/speak)the way they change/speak)in different situations. (RJ9全U3) ( )2.John never tells lies to us.He is so honest that we all him. A.teach B.trust C.refuse )3.-The hair product is being at present. -You mean if it's up to the standard,it will be put on the market soon. A.sold B.tested C.shown 二、微语境练。根据提示，用单词的正确形式填空。 Tom 1. (find)a wallet today.He doesn't 2. (keep)it for himself but 3. (give)it to the policeman.The policeman 4. think)that Tom is a good boy He 5. (be)proud of Tom. 基础知识必备 基本形式 构成规则 例子 动词原形 动词的基本形式 study,be,like,catch,depend (1)一般在动词原形后加-s read-reads,take-takes,put- (2)以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词，后加-es pass-passes,teach- ,g0 第三人称 单数 (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，将y变为i, carry-carries,cry-cries,fly- 再加-es try- (4)不规则变化 have-has (1)一般在动词原形后加-ing read-reading,catch- do- (2)以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e再加-ing write-writing,make- 现在分词 (3)重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动 swim-swimming,run- 词，双写此辅音字母，再加-ing (4)以ie结尾的动词，将ie变为y,再加-ing die-dying,lie- (1)一般在动词原形后加-ed work-worked,pass- live-lived,hope-hoped, (2)以e结尾的动词，直接加-d decide- 过去式与 (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，将y变为i, study-studied,worry- 过去分词 再加-ed hurry- (4)重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双 stop-stopped,plan- 写此辅音字母，再加-ed (5)不规则变化 take-took—-taken,go-went一gone LZAZK 153 YY 对点专练 写出下列动词的相应形式。 动词原形 第三人称单数 现在分词 过去式 过去分词 be do regret pass carry solve die search 考向2》情态动词 情态动词本身有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，要与动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词 后要使用动词原形， 通常没有人称和数的变化(have to和be able to除外)。 1.情态动词一览表。 情态动词 过去式 词义 句型变化 能；会； could swim at the age of seven.(肯定句) can could 可以 →I couldn't swim at the age of seven..（否定句) →Could you swim at the age of seven?（一般疑问句) 可以； You may take a walk after supper.（肯定句) may might 可能 →You may not take a walk after supper.（否定句)》 →May I take a walk after supper?(一般疑问句) We must arrive home before 10:00.(肯定句) 必须； must 一定 →We needn't/don't have to arrive home before 10:O0.(否定句) →Must we arrive home before 10:00?(一般疑问句) Tom had to go home on foot last night.(肯定句) have/has to had to 不得不 →Tom didn't have to go home on foot last night..(否定句) →Did Tom have to go home on foot last night?(一般疑问句) We should/.ought to keep the air fresh.（肯定句) should, →Ve shouldn't/ought not to keep the air fresh.(否定句) 应该 ought to Should we keep the air fresh?Ought we to keep the air fresh?(一般疑问句) need作情态动词使用时，一般用于否定句和疑问句中。 need 需要 →You needn't close all the windows.(否定句) Need I close all the windows?(一般疑问句) You had better stay at home.(肯定句) had better 最好 →You had better not stay at home.(否定句) →Had I better stay at home?(一般疑问句) LZAZK 154 YY 屋意情态动词在一般疑问句中的回答。 (l)一May I smoke here?一我可以在这里抽烟吗？ 一Yes,you may,/can.—一是的，你可以。/一No,you mustn't/cant.—不，你不可以。 (2)Can you come to see me tomorrow?一你明天能来看我吗？ 一Yes,Ican.一是的，我可以。/一No,Ican't.一不，我不能。 (3)一Must he go now?一他一定要现在走吗？ -Yes,he must..—是的，他必须走。/—No,he needn't/doesn't have to.—不， 他不需要。 (4)一Need I finish my homework today?一我需要今天完成作业吗？ -Yes,you must. 一是的，你必须要。/—No,you needn't/don't have to.—不， 你不需要。 2. 情态动词的常见用法。 情态动词 用法 例子 I can speak English well. can/could表示“能；会” 表示能力 我能说一口流利的英语。 -May I close the window? 我能关窗吗？ can,may表示“可以”， -Yes,you can..—是的，你可以。 在疑问句中表示有礼貌 表示请求和允许 -Can I come in? 我能进来吗？ 地提出请求 -No,you can't. 一不，你不能。 can't表示“不能” We can't speak loudly in public mustn't表示“禁止”，态 表示不允许 我们不能在公共场合大声说话。 度比can't强硬 You mustn't break the rules. 你不能违反规则。 That can't be Mr.Wang.He has gone to Beijing. can't表示“不可能” 那不可能是王先生。他已经去了北京。 might表示“可能”，可能 He might come tomorrow. 他可能明天会来。 性比may更小；或表示 表示猜测，可能 He might go abroad yesterday. 对过去事情的猜测 性由小到大依次 他可能昨天就出国了。 如下： may表示“可能”，可能 Be quick,or you may miss the early bus. can't(不可能) 性较小 快点，否则你可能会错过早班车。 →night-→may can表示潜在的可能性， That man is our new teacher. Can it be true? →can→must 常用于疑问句和否定句中 (一定是) 那个男士是我们的新老师，是真的吗？ must表示“肯定；一定是”， The book must be Jack's.There is his name 常用于肯定句中，表示肯定 on it. 性的猜测，可能性最大 这本书肯定是杰克的。书上有他的名字。 LZAZK 155 YY 3.情态动词的其他用法。 情态动词 用法 例子 与can、could一样都可表示能 She is able to/can sing English songs well. 力(can为现在时，could为过 她能把英语歌唱得很好。 be able to 去时)，但be able to可用于各 He will be able to finish the work in an 种时态，有人称和数的变化 hour.他能在一小时内完成工作。 She had to look after her little sister when her mother was out. 客观条件用have/has to(可用 have/has to, 当她的妈妈外出时，她不得不照看她的 于多种时态)； must 妹妹。 主观因素用must As a student,you must study hard. 作为一名学生，你必须努力学习。 Will you go there with me? 你愿意和我一起去那儿吗？ Would you please hand me the book? will,would,shall 表示请求或劝说 请你把那本书递给我好吗？ Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始好吗？ 对点专练 一、语法巩固。 1.Many April Fool's jokes may/must) (ends/end)up being not very funny. (RJ9全U12) )2.-Students listen to music while they are riding bikes on the road. -I agree with you.It's too dangerous. A.needn't B.may not C.mustn't )3.-How beautiful the paper cutting is!Who made it? -It be Tina.She's the only one that can make it in our class. A.must B.could C.can 二、微语境练。请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空。 should can need Today is Sunday,Linda 1. to finish her homework tonight.She 2. try her best,or she won't finish the homework on time.Her parents think there is too much homework and she 3. finish it.But Linda believes she can do it. 考向3》动词词组 分析广东省近8年中考真题可知，动词词组辨析是必考点，主要有以下两种形式。 LZAZK 156 YY 1.同一动词型。 be bored of对…感到厌烦(2020) be relaxed about对…感到放松(202o) be worried about担心 be pleased with对…感到满意(2020) be be excited about对…感到兴奋(2020) be thirsty for渴望；渴求 be surprised at对…感到惊奇 be responsible for对…有责任；负责任 be known for以…闻名 look after照顾(2023) look at看(2022) look around环顾 look down upon瞧不起 1 ook for寻找(2021) look forward to盼望；期待 look look into向…里看；调查 look out注意；小心 look through浏览 look up查阅；向上看 look over检查 take away带走；拿走(2022) take care of照顾 take off起飞；脱掉 take take out取出 take place发生 take the place of取代 take up占据；开始从事 take down写下；记下 take part in参加 put away把…收起来 put down放下 put off推迟 put put on穿上；上演 put out生产；扑灭(2018) put up搭建；张贴 get away离开 get back回来 get close(to)靠近 get on上车 get on with sb..与某人相处 get out of摆脱；逃避 get get ready for为…做准备 get together相聚 get up起床 get in进入；到达；收获 get over克服 get off下车(2018) go away离开(2019) g0by(时间)流逝(2023,2019) go for a walk去散步 go g00n继续(2019) g0out外出；熄灭 g0over仔细检查(2019) go through检查；经历；通过 go back回到 come across(偶然)遇见 come back回来 come down降落；落下 come come from来自 come on加油；快点 come to共计；达到 come up with想出 come out出现；出版 come true实现 give away捐赠(2025,2019) give back归还；退后 give out散发；分发 give give up放弃(2022) give off发出（光、热等） give in屈服；让步 talk talk about谈论(2021) talk with与…交谈 2. 同一介/副词型。 dig up挖掘(2025) grow up长大 cheer up使…高兴 hurry up赶快 up make up编造；化妆 pick up捡起(2025) take up占用；开始从事 ring up打电话 stay up熬夜 set up建立 wake up醒来(2021) carry on继续 depend on依赖；依靠 hold on等一下 on keep on继续 live on以…为食；靠…生活 try on试穿 put on穿上；上演 mix with…与…混合(2024) agree with sb. 同意某人的意见connect with..与…相连 deal with处理(2021) catch up with sb.赶上某人 come up with想出 with get along wit池sb.与某人和睦相处 make friends with.与…交朋友 keep in touch with.与…保持联系 care for照顾；照料(2020)》 wait for等待(2023,2020) ask for请求(2020,2019) send for派人去叫(2020) apply for申请 die for为…而死 for pay for付费；付出代价(2o19) prepare for为…做准备 search for搜寻；查找 stand for是…的缩写；代表 down turn down拒绝(2024) break down出故障(2024) LZAZK 157 YY 对点专练 一、语法巩固。 1.They even ask each other and try to (look out/find out)the answers.(RJ9 Ul) )2.-Hard to believe.Luke won the school speech contest! -He used to be shy,but his friends'support his confidence. A.made up B.took away C.built up 3.When we study at school, coming from/learning from)others and improving ourselves are important for us. 二、翻译下列句子。 1.爱丽丝很外向，很容易和遇到的每个人交朋友。 Alice is very outgoing and easily everyone she meets. 2.做家务有利于培养孩子的独立性，帮助他们不依赖父母。 Doing housework is good for developing children's independence and helps them not to their parents. 直击中考 一、实义动词在完形填空中的运用。 分析广东省近6年中考真题可知，在完形填空中，主要考查实义动词词义的辨析，且主要 是根据文章语境推断出正确答案。 语篇训练语境分析法 Everyone is born with the ability to learn.But whether or not you can do this well 1 on your learning habits.Research 2 that successful learners have some good habits in common. Good learners often 3 what they need to learn with something interesting.For example,if they need to learn English and they like music or sports,they can listen to English songs or watch sports programs in English. Good learners think about what they are good at and what they need to practice more. Remember,"Use it or lose it."Even if you learn something well,you will 4 it unless you use it.Practice makes perfect.Good learners will keep practicing what they have learned,and they are not afraid of making mistakes.Alexander Graham Bell did not invent the telephone overnight.He succeeded by 5 many times and learning from his mistakes. (RJ9全U1课文改编) ( )1.A.lives B.depends C.agrees D.keeps ( )2.A.expects B.imagines C.realizes D.shows )3.A.connect B.compare C.provide D.fill )4.A.understand B.enjoy C.forget D.admire ( )5.A.crying B.trying C.pushing D.exchanging LZAZK 158 YY 二、实义动词在短文填空中的运用。 分析广东省近8年中考真题可知，在短文填空中，实义动词考查14次，其中动词原形考查 3次，动词的一般过去时考查4次，动词的一般现在时考查3次，动词的现在完成时考查3次， 动词的被动语态考查1次。针对该题型，学生需首先确定空格处填的词为动词，再结合句子的 时态，空格前是否有不定式、情态动词等确定所填动词的形式。 语篇训练分析句子结构以及辨析动词用法 help ask put fall The story was about a homeless man who had lived on the streets for years.One day,a young boy 1 into the cold river.Many people just called for help,but no one dared to jump into the water to save him.Suddenly,the homeless man jumped into the river and saved the boy without thinking twice.Thanks to him,the boy was out of danger.When people 2 the man what gift he wanted,he gave all of them a surprising answer.He didn't want anything in return.He just said, "My father lives in the north.I would be happy if you could 3 me travel there to see him.I miss him so much.” 1. 2. 3 语篇训练 判断谓语动词形式 finish celebrate order save Nowadays people's lives are getting better and better.They often order more food than they need in restaurants. When they are full,they just throw away the rest to the bin.But I know that there are still many people around the world who are short of food.So I try my best to 4 food anytime and anywhere. Yesterday was my grandfather's birthday.We decided to have a big meal in a restaurant to 5 his birthday.When we got to the restaurant,my father ordered nine dishes first.But I disagreed with my father.As we couldn't finish so much food,I said we'd better cut some of our dishes.My father and my grandfather agreed.At last,we had four dishes and 6 every dish. 4. 5. 6. 备考演练 一、完形填空。 语篇类型：记叙文主题：人与自我（自我提升）难度：山山 词数：约230用时：7分钟 Joanna lived in a small village.Her family made a 1 by selling a special kind of fruit there. It took the fruit four months to grow ripe().The fruit was very 2 and almost every family in the village would buy some every week. Joanna kept 3 why they didn't sell the fruit in the capital for more money.Her mother said it was not worth the cost.Joanna decided to make the four-month journey to the capital by herself. The fruit would be perfectly ripe when she 4. However,selling an unfamiliar(不熟悉的)fruit wasn't5.After she waited a long time for the safety tests,she found the fruit was too ripe to be 6.Her business plan failed. One night,Joanna found a strange hole in a wall.It reminded Joanna of her shoes,which had LZAZK 159 YY many 7 after her long journey.Thinking of the failure,she threw her shoes into the hole 8. To her surprise,some coins came out.She threw in more things and the hole always gave her some coins,more 9 than what she threw in.Then she threw in all her coins,hoping to get even more money.But nothing came out. Joanna understood what her mother meant.Those who want more than they need will 10 losing everything.She left the capital with no money but a wiser heart (2025广东佛山中考一模改编) )1.A.plan B.choice C.change D.living )2.A.free B.popular C. healthy D.clean )3.A.proving B.realizing C.wondering D.explaining ( )4.A.arrived B.worked C.cried D.appeared )5.A.right B.easy C.terrible D.boring )6.A.picked B.washed C.sold D.grown ( )7.A.signs B.holes C.colors D.numbers )8.A.angrily B.quietly C.carefully D.fearfully ( )9.A.interesting B.meaningful C.important D.valuable )10.A.give up B.put off C.end up D.dream of 二、短文填空。 语篇类型：说明文 主题：人与自我（身心健康） 难度：■10l 词数：约200 用时：7分钟 cost clearly spend eye avoid but they pain how because help about You finish all your schoolwork and sit back in your chair.Suddenly,you feel a headache and realize your eyes are 1.What's going on?Doctors say that many students are 2 too much time in front of screens,especially during online classes.The following might be of some 3 to you to protect your eyes. Studies 4 show that people blink(less often when looking at a screen.Keep your eyes wet by blinking often or using eye drops. Sit up straight about an arm's length()away from the screen.Make sure you're looking down at your screen.Stand up and exercise often to 5 neck and shoulder pain. *What6 blue light blocking glasses(防蓝光眼镜)？They are useful for blocking blue light,7 research shows that blue light isn't the biggest cause of eye tiredness.So ask doctors about blue light blocking glasses before putting 8 on. The 20-20-20 RULE This gives your 9 a break from long screen time.It suggests looking at something at least 20 feet away for 20 seconds after 20 minutes of work on the screen.You can then continue working. Do you know 10 to protect your eyes now?I hope all of you have bright eyes. 2 3. 5. 6 7 8 9 10. 专题突破 请完成《专题突破》语法小卷对应训练 LZAZK 160 YY 第2讲谓语动词的时态 知识导图 般现在时 现在进行时 结构：主语+am/is/are; 主语+动词原形或动词的第三人称单数 结构：主语+am/is/are+动词的现在分词 般过去时 语动词的时 过去进行时 结构：主语+was/were或动词过去式 结构：主语+was/were+动词的现在分词 般将来时 态 现在完成时 结构：主语+wi+动词原形； 结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词 主语+be going to+动词原形 教材语境 用动词的适当形式填空。 1.Everyone (be)born with the ability to learn. (RJ9全U1) 温故知新：在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，be动词用is。 2. My aunt is sweep)the floor,and my grandma is cooking the meal in the kitchen. (WY7A M10) 温故知新：现在进行时的结构为“主语+be(am/is/are)+动词的现在分词”。 中考链接 )1.So far,she many dishes with special tastes. (2025广东语法选择) A.invents B.will invent C.has invented 点拨：考查动词时态。由标志词so far可知，此处时态为现在完成时，故用has invented。. 2.Every day,he can see his neighbors playing chess in the park,dancing along the river or chatting in the market.Mike (enjoy)seeing these moments.He thinks the beauty of a city lies in both its people and its environment. (2025广东短文填空) 点拨：考查动词。分析句子成分可知，此处缺少谓语。由上下文可知，此处时态为一般现在时，主语 Mike为第三人称单数，故用enjoys。 考点解读 广东省近5年中考统计情况 年份 考点 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 题型 (68)Mike (75)believe 一般现在时 短文填空 (68)call him enjoys that.… “Lao Pan” (39)told 般过去时 语法选择 (31)got 短文填空 (68)cleaned (69)worked 一般将来时 语法选择 (37)will bring 现在进行时 语法选择 (40)is studying 语法选择 (39)has invented 现在完成时 (72)has 短文填空 (68)has grown been/become (71)has written (注：括号中的数字表示题号) LZAZK 161 YY 考向(1》一般现在时 1. 一般现在时的基本用法。 用法 例子 表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的 I often go to school by bike. 状态 我经常骑自行车去上学。 表示客观真理或普遍真理 The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 条件状语从句中，f从句用一般现在 If it rains tomorrow,we won't go to the park. 时，主句用一般将来时（主将从现） 如果明天下雨，我们将不去公园。 2. 句式结构。 (1)be动词。例如： I am/am not happy. You/We/They /aren't +happy. He/She/It/Amy is/ happy. (2)实义动词。例如： I/You/We/They often go to school at 7 a.m.by bus. He/She/Tom +goes/doesn't to school at 7 a.m.by bus every day 常见的标志词： 总是， 通常，often经常，sometimes有时，seldom很少 once a week一周一次，on Sunday在星期天，every day每天 每个月 考向2》一般过去时 1. 一般过去时的基本用法。 用法 例子 表示过去的某个时间内发生的动 I got up at six this morning. 作或存在的状态 今天早上我6点就起床了。 表示过去的习惯或过去经常发生 When I was in the countryside,I often swam in the river. 的动作 当我在乡下时，我经常在河里游泳。 He has worked in the factory since it opened in 1990. since引导的从句，主句若用现在 自从1990年这家工厂开办以来，他就在这里工作。 完成时，从句要用一般过去时 You haven't changed much since we met. 自我们相识以来，你都没有太大的变化。 2. 句式结构。 (1)be动词。例如： I/He/She/It/Amy was/ at home yesterday. You/We/They /weren't at home yesterday. (2)实义动词。例如： I/You/We/They visited the City Museum yesterday morning He/She/Tom didn't the City Museum yesterday morning LZAZK 162 YY 常见的标志词： 昨天，the day before yesterday前天，last week上周， 去年， two days ago两天前，in2025在2025年，.this morning今天早上，just now刚刚 考向3》一般将来时 1. 一般将来时的基本用法。 用法 例子 We will fly to London tomorrow. 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态 我们明天将乘坐飞机去伦敦。 当主语是I或we时，问句中一般使用 Where shall we meet tomorrow? shall,表示征求对方的意见 明天我们在哪里见面？ be going to+动词原形，表示计划、打算 -What are you going to do next Sunday? 你下周日打算去做什么？ 做某事，常指已经决定的、很可能发生的 -I am going to visit Beijing. 事或有某种迹象表明要发生的事 我打算去北京游玩。 be doing表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情， She is going there tomorrow.她明天要去那里。 常用的s动词有go,come,leave,arrive,. We are leaving for New York start,begin等 我们将动身前往纽约。 be about to+动词原形，表示即将发生的 The new school year is about to begin. 动作 新学年即将开始。 2.句式结构。 (1)主语+wil/shall+动词原形+其他。例如： I/You/He/She/We/They +will plant/ plant +trees in the park next week. I/We + shall plant/shall plant +trees in the park next week. 常见的标志词： 明天，the day after tomorrow后天， 明年， 将来， in a week一周内，later稍后 (2)主语+be going to/about to+动词原形+其他。例如： I (be)about to plant trees in the park next week. You/We/They (be)about to plant trees in the park next week. He/She/Tom be not)about to plant trees in the park next week. 考向4》 现在进行时 1. 现在进行时的基本用法。 用法 例子 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作 -What are you doing? 你正在做什么？ I'm reading English. 我正在读英语。 表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态 They are studying hard this term. 他们这个学期一直很努力学习。 LZAZK 163 YY (续表) 用法 例子 come,go,leave,arrive,start等动词用现 The bus is coming soon. 在进行时表示将来 公共汽车马上就来了。 在while(当…时候)引导的状语从句中 While I am sitting on the grass,my sister is 动词通常要用进行时 playing with her friend.当我正坐在草地上时， 我的妹妹正在与她的朋友玩耍。 2. 句式结构。 主语+be+动词的现在分词+其他。例如： I + am +TV now. You/We/They (be)watching +TV now He/She/Tom isn't watching +TV now. 常见的标志词：（时间类）》 现在，right now立刻，at the moment此刻，at present目前， 近来；（情景类)Look!看，Listen!听，Be careful!小心，Be quiet!安静 考向5》 过去进行时 1.过去进行时的基本用法。 用法 例子 -What were you doing this time yesterday? 表示在过去的某个时刻正在进行的动作 昨天这个时候你在做什么？ 或存在的状态 -I was watching TV.一我在看电视。 表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生之 When I was watering in the garden,it suddenly began 后，另一个过去的动作正在进行；也可 to rain.当我在花园里浇水时，突然开始下雨了。 以用来表示过去一段时间内持续发生的 While we were having a party,the lights suddenly 动作 went out..当我们正举行聚会时，灯突然灭了。 表示两个过去的动作同时进行，这时可 I was doing homework while my mother was 用连词while连接 cooking.我在做作业时，我妈妈在煮饭。 was/were going+动词不定式”表示过 He was going to be our team leader. 去打算做某事 他打算当我们的队长。 2.句式结构。 主语+was/were+动词的现在分词+其他。例如： I/He/She/Tom was +TV at this time yesterday. You/We/They +weren't watching +TV at this time yesterday. 常见的标志词：at this time yesterday昨天这个时候， 在那时，at8:00last Monday morning上周一早上8点，when/while引导的过去时间状语从句 LZAZK 164 YY 考向6》 现在完成时 1. 现在完成时的基本用法。 用法 例子 表示过去发生或完成 I have already watched the TV play..我已经看过这部电视剧了。 的动作对现在造成的 一Have you found your lost pen yet??一你找到丢失的笔了吗？ 影响或结果 No,I haven't found it yet.一不，我还没有找到。 2.句式结构。 主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他。例如： I/You/We/They taken +dancing lessons since last month. He/She/Tom hasn't +dancing lessons since last month 常见的标志词： 已经，yet还，just刚刚，ever曾经， 到目前为止，since+ 过去的时间点/过去时的句子，for+时间段 3. 现在完成时含for和since的用法。 现在完成时表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去，常与 for或since连用，此时需要用延续性动词。常见的短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换如下： 短暂性动词 延续性动词 短暂性动词 延续性动词 have arrived/reached have been in have begun/started have been on have borrowed have kept have bought have had have closed/opened have been closed/open have died have been dead have joined have been in have left have been away have put on have worn have caught/got a cold have had a cold 【例】(1)We have lived here since2024. 从2024年开始，我们一直住在这里。（说明一直住在这里，也许还会住下去）》 (2)I have learned English for three years.我学英语已经三年了。 意(l)for后接时间段，sice后接表示过去的时间点或时间状语从句。对时间状语提问时， 用how long. I've known Li Lei for five years.=I've known Li Lei since five years ago. 我认识李磊已经五年了。 (2)have gone to,have been to与have been in的区别： have/has been to 去过某地，已回来 have/has been in 从过去到现在一直待在某地 have/has gone to 去了某地，未回来 LZAZK 165 YY 对点专练 一、 基础练。根据提示，用单词的正确形式填空。 1.They (take)pride in everything good that I do.(RJ9U4) 2.Mooncakes (be)in the shape of a full moon on the Mid-Autumn night.(RJ9U2) 3.I wanted to buy a toy car for my cousin,but even though most of the toys (be)American brands,they (be)made in China.(RJ9 U5) 4.Last year he (go)to visit his aunt and uncle in San Francisco.(RJ9U5) 5. Fewer people do)such jobs in the future because they are boring,but robots will never get bored.(RJ8A U7) 6.When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year,we hope that we (improve)our lives.(RJ8A U6) 7.Yes,I am (have)a great time on my student exchange program in France.(RJ9 U10) 8.At11:30a.m. the day before yesterday,I (have)lunch in our Forever Green House while our fridge (order)food.(NJ8B U8) 9 you ever think)about how these things can actually be put to good use? (RJ9全U13 10. Sarah already (listen)to most of his songs.(RJ8B U8) 二、巩固练。根据提示，用单词的正确形式填空。 1.The weather in Beijing (be)different from that in Guangdong. 2.Mike (not like)to clean his room and he always (ask)his mother for help. 3.The weather (be not)good the day before yesterday,so we didn't go on a picnic. 4.We enjoy)ourselves at the party last night. 5.Sam and Tom (not go)to school tomorrow. 6. you going to play)basketball tomorrow afternoon?-No,I am not. 7.The students (not draw)pictures at present. 8.Jim and I (not play)football at that time yesterday afternoon. 9.Mary not finish)reading the book so far. 10.I (be)an English teacher for about 20 years. 三、微语境练。 (一)根据提示，用单词的正确形式填空。 Last year,I 1. (eat)lots of junk food.Slowly,I 2. (become)fatter and fatter.Then I realized that it 3. (be)a bad habit.Now I 4. (eat)healthy food and 5. do)exercise every morning. LZAZK 166 YY (二)根据提示，请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空。 miss watch eat Today is the Spring Festival.Now,Li Hua 1. TV with his host family in America. At this time last year,he 2. dumplings with his family in China.He 3. his family very much and he wants to go back to China as soon as possible. (三)根据提示，请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空。 become learn be I love painting,and I 1. to draw pictures since I 2. only five years old.I believe that I 3. an excellent artist in the future 直击中考 一、动词时态在语法选择中的运用。 分析广东省近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，动词时态考查了6次，其中一般过去时考查3 次，一般将来时考查1次，现在完成时考查1次，现在进行时考查1次。在做题时，学生需要根据 时间标志词判断动词的时态。 语篇训练语境推断法 Do you know the history of the computer?In 1946,two American engineers 1 the first "modern"computer.When it was first introduced to the world,people 2 it only for military (军事的)purposes..Later,people3_transistors(晶体管)to store memories and run programs. By using the computer language,people could change the programs in the computer. In fact,modern computers 4 some things in common with the old ones.They both help people a lot.Computers 5 an important part of our lives so far.We use them to talk to friends, send e-mails,go shopping,find information,and even do business.Computers have brought us more fun than ever before. ( )1.A.invented B.invent C.will invent )2.A.use B.used C.have used )3.A.were making B.make C.made ( )4.A.have B.had C.will have )5.A.will become B.are becoming C.have become 二、动词时态在短文填空中的运用。 分析广东省近8年中考真题可知，在短文填空中，动词时态考查了10次，其中动词的过去 式考查4次(2次考查动词的规则变化，2次考查动词的不规则变化)，动词的原形考查2次，动 词的过去分词考查3次（考查动词的不规则变化），动词的第三人称单数考查1次。 1.在一般现在时中，动词用原形或第三人称单数形式。 (1)主语是复数时，谓语动词要用原形。 (2)主语为单数、动名词或不定代词时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。 LZAZK 167 YY 语篇别练判断谓语动词形式 be use lose send WeChat is important to people.Nowadays,people 1 WeChat to communicate with their family or friends who live far away from them.People 2 messages,make voice calls and video calls by WeChat.They think it 3 very helpful and convenient 2. 3. 2.在一般过去时中，动词用过去式。 (1)主从句时态一致，当主句是一般过去时，从句通常也用过去的某个时态。 (2)and/or连接的并列的动词过去式。 (3)根据上下文语境判断时态。 语篇训练儿语境分析法 have study teach work My grandpa was born in 1942 in Guangzhou.When he was seven,he 1 in a local school near his home.Later,he 2 to go to work because his family couldn't afford the schooling( )So he 3 as a worker in a factory. 1. 2. 3. 3.在现在完成时中，动词用过去分词。 语篇训练儿句子时态标志词 live leave visit make Mike is from France.He moved to China in 1995.So far,he has 1 in China for more than 30 years.What's more,he loves traveling around China.Since 2000,he has 2 more than twenty provinces in China.Besides,he has already 3 many Chinese friends during his trips. 1. 2. 3. 备考演练 一、语法选择。 语篇类型：记叙文主题：人与社会（有突出贡献的人物）难度：10词数：约190用时：7分钟 Wu Guangchao is an 80-year-old village doctor from a small village in Zhejiang Wu 1 his work as a doctor in the 1990s.People had to walk for hours 2 a doctor because the village was far from big hospitals.To help his 3,Wu decided to study medicine and serve them.After several years'hard work,he became 4 village doctor. Wu always keeps his phone on 5 24 hours a day.When villagers call for help,he is ready to go.Sometimes,he rides 6 old bike through the mountains on rainy or snowy days.It takes villagers only one yuan to get his medical care,which is 7 than seeing a doctor in any other place.8 Wu makes very little money,he never complains()."Money is not everything. LZAZK 168 YY Helping others makes me 9,"he often says.The villagers love him very much.He 10 not only as a doctor,but also as a friend and family member. Wu Guangchao's story shows that being kind and helpful can change people's lives.A person's love and hard work bring hope to the whole village. (2025广东清远英德中考二模改编)】 )1.A.starts B.started C.will start ( )2.A.see B.seeing C.to see ( )3.A.neighbor B.neighbors C.neighbors' )4.A.a B.an C.the )5.A.for B.in C.from )6.A.he B.him C.his )7.A.cheap B.cheaper C.the cheapest )8.A.f B.Because C.Although )9.A.happy B.happily C. happiness )10.A.regards B.was regarded C.is regarded 二、短文填空。 语篇类型：记叙文 主题：人与自我（职业启蒙）难度：川 词数：约230 用时：7分钟 first invitation he join student so last carefully to have but full A big company wanted to find someone to work for them.Many young college 1 came to ask for jobs,but only a few of them were left.And this time,the company planned to choose the right persons unusually. When they took the final interview,a big box 2 of papers was placed on the way to the interview room,and a few papers were lying around the box. The 3 student came.He hurried along the way to take the interview."Who put this box in the middle of the road?"the student said to 4,but he didn't move the box away.The second student came along and did the same thing.Then another came.All of them complained about the box,5 none of them tried to move it.Someone even stepped()on the papers and left without 6 a look at them. Then a thin young man came.When he saw the box and the papers around it,he stopped and began to pick up the papers 7 and put them into the box.He managed to move the box 8 the side.To his great surprise,he found a(n)9 under the box.On it were the following words:"Congratulations! You are the right person we are looking for!Would you like to 10 us?" Sometimes helping others is helping yourself. 2. 3. 6. 8. 10. 专题突破 请完成《专题突破》语法小卷对应训练 LZAZK 169 YY 第3讲谓语动词的被动语态 知识导图 般现在时的被动语态 结构：主语+am/is/are+done 一般过去时的被动语态 结构：主语+was/were+done 般将来时的被动语态 请语动词的被动语 ·不知道动作的执行者是谁 使用 ●没有必要指出动作的执行者 情况 ·强调或突出动作的承受者 结构：主语+will be+done; ·句子的主语是动作的承受者 主语+am/is/are+going to+be+done 含有情态动词的被动语态 结构：主语+情态动词+be+done 教材语境 用动词的适当形式填空。 1.He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops (make)in China. (RJ9全U5) 温故知新：“主语+was/were+done”表示一般过去时的被动语态。 2. April Fool's Day (happens/is happened)on April 1st every year..(RJ9全UI2改编) 温故知新：不及物动词happen没有被动语态。 中考链接 )When she was older,she to do easy tasks like beating eggs.(2025广东语法选择) A.is allowed B.was allowed C.was allowing 点拨：考查动词。主语she是动作alow的承受者，需用被动语态，且由前半句的was可 知，此处时态为一般过去时，故用was allowed。 考点解读 广东省近5年中考统计情况 年份 考点 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 题型 般现在时 语法选择 (32)is given (33)were (37)were (39)were 般过去时 语法选择 (33)was allowed invited asked invited (注：括号中的数字表示题号) LZAZK 170 YY 考点1工被动语态的基本结构 时态 结构 例子 The desks are made in China.(肯定句) 般现在时 am/is/are done The desks aren't made in China.(否定句，在am/is/are后加not) Are the desks made in China?(一般疑问句，把am/is/are提至句首) The building was built ten years ago.(肯定句) The building wasn't built ten years ago. 般过去时 was/were +done (否定句，在was/were后加not) (5年4考) Was the building built ten years ago? (一般疑问句，把was/were提至句首) A new school library will be built next year..(肯定句) A new school library won't be built next year. will be done (否定句，在wil后加not) Will a new school library be built next year? (一般疑问句，把w提至句首) 般将来时 A new school library is going to be built next year..(肯定句) A new school library isn't going to be built next year. am/is/are going to (否定句，在am/is/are后加not) be +done Is a new school library going to be built next year? (一般疑问句，把am/is/are提至句首) Students should be allowed to use mobile phones at school.(肯定句) Students shouldn't be allowed to use mobile phones at school. 含有情态 情态动词+be+done (否定句，在情态动词后加not) 动词 Should students be allowed to use mobile phones at school? (一般疑问句，把情态动词提至句首) 考点2被动语态的使用方法 1.由主动语态变为被动语态的方法。 (1)把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。 (2)把动词变为被动形式，即be+过去分词，并注意其人称和数要跟随主语变化，而动词的 时态则保持不变。 (3)原主动句的主语如需要可放在by后面，并以它的宾格形式出现（代词的宾格），如不需要 可省略。 (4)其他的成分（定语、状语）不变。例如： We bought some books. (主动语态) Some books bought (by us) ·（被动语态) 2.被动语态的使用情况。 在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况： (1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。例如： This watch is made in China.这块手表是中国制造的。 (2)没有必要指出动作的执行者。例如： Smoking isn't allowed in the gas station.加油站里不允许抽烟。 LZAZK 171 YY (3)强调或突出动作的承受者。例如： Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 世界上越来越多的人说汉语。（强调汉语使用广泛） 考点3被动语态的注意事项 1.含有使役动词或某些感官动词的被动语态。 常用的使役动词make,let,have等及感官动词see,hear,watch,notice等在表达主动意 义时，常用的结构是make/see/hear/watch/notice sb.do sth.,宾语补足语为不带to的不定式， 但在被动语态中要把to加上，即sb.be made/,seen/heard/,watched/noticed to do sth.。例如： (1)He made me do the work.他让我做这项工作。（主动，do前没有to) →I was made to do the work.我被派去做这项工作。（被动，do前加上to) (2)Tom saw Lucy water the flowers last night. Lucy was seen to water the flowers last night. (3)They heard him sing songs in the room last night. -He was heard to sing songs in the room last night. 难意判断含有使役动词或某些感官动词的被动语态中究竟有没有o,可按如下判断：使役 动词或感官动词前有be,则有to;无be,则无to。 2.双宾句的被动语态。 例如：My mother gives Lily a pen.'Lily is given a pen by my mother. A pen is given to Lily by my mother. 间接宾语直接宾语 3.感官动词(look,smell,taste,feel,sound等)用主动结构表示被动。 The flower smells nice./The cake tastes delicious.The watch looks beautiful. 4.不及物动词(happen,take place,break out.,cost等)没有被动语态。 例v如：Great changes were taken place in China.(×)→Great changes took place in China..(V) 5.某些与well,badly,easily,smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词，表示物体的某种属性特征， 不用被动语态。常见的词有sell,wash,write,read,open,lock等。 例如：The new smartphone sells very well. The sweater washes easily The pen writes smoothly. The passage reads smoothly The door locks easily. 6.许多由不及物动词构成的短语，在变为被动语态时，动词后的介词或副词不可省略。 例如：You should take care of the children..→The children should be taken care of.. 7.need/require+doing=need/require+to be done(to be done是不定式的被动结构)。 例v如：My bike is broken.It needs repairing.→My bike is broken.It needs to be repaired, 8.be worth doing中，doing表示被动含义。 例如：This film is worth watching, LZAZK 172 YY 对点专练 一、语法巩固。 1.This restaurant (is looked/looks) interesting. (RJ 9全U 3) 2.-How clean the roads are! -They (are cleaned/cleaned) by the hard-working cleaners every day. 3.Jack (seen/was seen) to walk into the library last evening. 二、微语境练。根据提示，用单词的正确形式填空。 Paper-making(造纸术) 1.(invent) by ancient Chinese. Then it 2. (improve) several times. Paper-making 3. (show) the great wisdom(智慧) of ancient Chinese people and has spread to many countries a l over the world. 直击中考 一、被动语态在语法选择中的运用。 分析广东省近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，被动语态考查6次，2024年考查一般 现在时的被动语态，2020~2023年及2025年考查一般过去时的被动语态。学生在做题时需 注意以下两点： 1.判断主语和谓语之间的关系是主动还是被动； 2.判断被动语态的时态和数的变化：联系上下文，确定被动语态的时态；助动词be要在人称 和数上与主语保持一致。 语篇训练 语境分析法 Basketball is a much-loved and active sport that is enjoyed by many people for fun and exercise. It is over 100 years old and it 1 by more than 100 million people in over 200 countries. It is believed that the first basketball game in history appeared on December 21， 1891. The n in 1936 in Berlin， it became an event at the Olympics. Basketball 2 bya Canadian doctor named James Naismith， who was born in 1861. When he was a college teacher， he 3 to think of a game that students could play in the winter. So Dr.Naismith created the game people could play inside on the hard floor. Today， the popularity of basketball has risen around the world. Lots of people 4 to play basketball in parks， schools and even factories in China. Ibeieve it 5 by many young people around the world in the future. (RJ9全U6课文改编) () 1. A. play B.are played C.is played () 2. A. invents B.was invented C. is invented () 3. A. asks B.was asked C.is asked () 4.A. see B.were seen C.are seen () 5. A. will be loved B.loves C.was loved ZZAZK 173YY 二、被动语态在短文填空中的运用。 分析广东省近8年中考真题可知，在短文填空中，被动语态2018年考查1次，考查的是一般过 去时的被动语态。在做题时，需先分析句子所缺成分，再根据主语和谓语之间的关系判断语态。 语篇训练儿语境分析法 call take see be In 1826,a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business.But he was not a good artist.So he invented a very simple camera.It 1 used to take a picture of his garden.That was the first photo. The next important date in the history of photography was in 1837.That year,another Frenchman,Daguerre,took a picture of his reading room.He used a new kind of camera in a different way.In his picture,everything could be 2 clearly,even the smallest thing.This kind of way was3 the daguerreotype(银版照相法).Soon,other people began to use Daguerre's way. 1. 3. 备考演练 一、 语法选择。 语篇类型：记叙文 主题：人与社会（社会的变迁）难度：■10词数：约190用时：7分钟 From December 5th to 7th,2023,Onbashi and her husband traveled from Cyprus to the Philippines to escape the winter.They made a stop in Guangzhou.Instead of just sitting in the airport,they decided 1 the city.It turned out to be one of 2 parts of their winter trip. Onbashi and her husband had their first surprise 3 they arrived in Guangzhou:the Guangzhou subway app.The last time she visited Guangzhou,4 no such app.She had to look at maps to look for her way."5 app was super user-friendly,"said Onbashi. When Onbashi 6 on Shangxiajiu Pedestrian Street at night,she was surprised by how modern the city was."With all the electronic shop signs and electric cars everywhere,it felt like being 7 the future,"she said."Though it was late at night,I felt safe,"Onbashi added. Welcomed by this sense of safety,she spent lots of time trying night market food 8. Onbashi's trip 9 as "smooth and easy"by her.Onbashi has already planned 10 next trip to visit other cities in China."I'll get to experience more of this beautiful country soon!" (2025广东外语外贸大学附属南沙学校中考二模改编) )1.A.visit B. visiting C.to visit )2.A.wonderful B.more wonderful C.the most wonderful )3.A.after B.if C.because ( )4.A.it was B.there was C.there were LZAZK 174 YY )5.A.A B.An C.The )6.A.walks B.walked C.will walk )7.A.in B.on C.for )8.A.excite B.excitedly C.exciting )9.A.describes B.described C. was described )10.A.her B.hers C.herself 二、短文填空。 语篇类型：记叙文主题：人与自我（自我提升） 难度：10 词数：约210 用时：7分钟 down what weak but chance up directly focus pride we show however Water is the softest thing in nature,and Lao Zi really admired it.The gentleness of water does not mean weakness,but rather it 1 a spirit of perseverance().Compared with those hard stones,water is gentle.It is natural to think that water has little power.2,with continued efforts over time,even water droplets()can break a hard stone.We can learn that once we have chosen 3 goals,we need to stick to our plans. So,if you are the 4 one,don't be upset.You should 5 on what you are doing and never give up.And if you are the stronger one,don't be too proud because those weaker than you still have 6 to beat you.King Goujian of Yue gave up his 7 to meet the unreasonable demands(无理的要求)of Fuchai.Liu Bang,the emperor of the Han Dynasty,avoided fighting with Xiang Yu 8.That didn't mean Liu Bang was afraid of Xiang Yu.Instead,he built 9 his power over time and defeated Xiang Yu's army in one final war.These people show us 10 we should do in order to succeed-we should be positive.We need to think wisely about the balance of power,and stick to our goals. 1. 2 3 5. 6. 7. 8. 9 10. 专题突破 请完成《专题突破》语法小卷对应训练 LZAZK 175 YY 第4讲动词的非谓语形式 知识导图 肯定形式：to+动词原形(to有时可以省略) 形式 否定形式：not+to+动词原形 动词不定式 动词的非 用法 作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语、主语 谓语形式 基本形式：动词原形加-ing 形式 动名词 否定形式：not+动名词 用法 作主语、表语、宾语、定语 教材语境 用动词的适当形式填空。 1.Chang'e refused (to give/giving)it to him and took it all. (RJ9全U2) 温故知新：refuse to do sth.意为“拒绝做某事”。 2.I remember to meet/meeting)all of you when you were just starting Grade 7 at this school. (RJ9全U4) 温故知新：remember doing sth 意为“记得做过某事” 0 中考链接 )After finishing college,she decided in a restaurant. (2025广东语法选择)】 A.work B.working C.to work 点拨：考查动词。固定搭配：decide to do sth. 意为“决定做某事”，故用to work。 考点解读 广东省近5年中考统计情况 年份 考点 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 题型 (36)goes to (39)need to (34)told her (37)decided (38)come 接不定式 语法选择 the bookstores leave to take to work to enjoy to buy (注：括号中的数字表示题号) 考向(1》 动词不定式 结构 例子 He asked me to play football with him.（带to) to+动词原形(to有 他叫我和他一起踢足球。 肯定形式 时可以省略) I saw a boy go across the road just now.(不带to) 我刚才看见一个男孩过马路。 否定形式 not to+动词原形 The teacher told me not to be late again..老师告诉我不要再迟到。 LZAZK 176 YY 考点1动词不定式的用法 1.不定式作宾语。(6年2考) (1)动词+to do sth.。 need to do sth.需要做某事(2023) choose to do sth.选择做某事 want to do sth. 想要做某事 promise to do sth.承诺做某事 plan to do sth.计划做某事 like to do sth.喜欢做某事 refuse to do sth..拒绝做某事 begin/,start to do sth.开始做某事 try to do sth.设法做某事 expect to do sth.期望做某事 would like to do sth.愿意做某事 decide to do sth.决定做某事(2025) offer to do sth.主动提出做某事 learn to do sth.学习做某事 hope to do sth.希望做某事 afford to do sth. 承担得起做某事 help(to)do sth.帮忙做某事 agree to do sth.同意做某事 continue to do sth.继续做某事 pretend to do sth.假装做某事 如：Suddenly,it began to rain.(to rain作began的宾语) 天突然开始下雨。 I hope to see the famous scientist.(to see作hope的宾语) 我希望看到这位著名的科学家。 (2)疑问词与不定式连用作宾语。 when to do(什么时候做)，how to do(怎样做)，what to do(做什么)，where to do(在哪儿 做)，which to do(做哪一个)。 如：Idon't know what to buy for my mother.(what to buy作know的宾语) 我不知道给我妈妈买什么。 (3)用t作形式宾语，真正的宾语在后面。 如：I find it difficult to learn Chinese well..我发现学好中文是困难的。 2.不定式作宾语补足语。(6年2考) ask sb.(not)to do sth.叫某人（不要）做某事 wish sb.(not)to do sth.希望某人（不要）做某事 would like sb.(not)to do sth. tell sb.(not)to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事(2022) 想要某人（不要）做某事 encourage sb.(not)to do sth. want sb.(not)to do sth.想要某人（不要）做某事 鼓励某人（不要）做某事 teach sb.(not)to do sth.教某人（不要）做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 expect sb.(not)to do sth.期望某人（不要）做某事(2020) invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事 advise sb.(not)to do sth.建议某人（不要）做某事 help sb..(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事 如：My father asked Mary to buy some flowers back..我爸爸叫玛丽去买些花回来。 (Mary在句中作宾语，to buy补充说明Mary要做的事) Mr.Li told us not to play computer games in the net bar. 李老师告诉我们不要在网吧玩电脑游戏。 (us在句中作宾语，not to play补充说明us不要做的事) LZAZK 177 YY 3.不定式作目的状语。(6年2考) 如：She went to China to learn Chinese.她去中国学中文。(to learn作目的状语) 4.不定式作主语。 如：To do sports is very healthy.=It is very healthy to do sports.做运动是很健康的。 考点2常见省略0的动词不定式 使役动词和感官动词后带宾语，再接不定式作宾补时，若为主动语态，不定式要省略o; 若为被动语态，要加上to。 1.常见的使役动词和感官动词。 使役动词 感官动词 make sb.do sth.使某人做某事 watch sb.do(doing)sth.注视某人（正在）做某事 let sb.do sth.让某人做某事 notice sb.do(doing)sth.注意某人（正在）做某事 have sb.do sth. 使某人做某事 see sb..do(doing）sth.看见某人（正在）做某事 hear sb.do(doing)sth.听见某人（正在）做某事 如：I often see him run on the road.(省略to)我经常看见他在马路上跑步。 2.不带o的不定式常用句型。 句型 例子 You had better stay here because it's raining hard had better(not)do sth.最好（不）做某事 outside. would rather do A than do B宁愿做A,也不愿做B I would rather stay at home than go out to play. prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A,也不愿做B He prefers to have a class rather than have a rest. Why don't you do sth.?你为什么不做某事？ Why don't you go out to see a film with me? Why not do sth.?为什么不做某事？ Why not visit me sometime next week? Would/Could you please do sth.？请问你能做某事吗？ Would/Could you please pass me a glass of water? 对点专练 一、语法巩固。 1.She advised them (talk)with their son in person.(RJ9 U4) 2.Kevin goes to the supermarket (buy)some apples. 3.You'd better work)hard from now on and you will have a colorful life in the future. 二、 微语境练。根据提示，用单词的正确形式填空。 Jack is a kind boy.He always tries 1. (help)those in need.He hopes 2. (become)a millionaire(百万富翁)one day so that he can have much money3. make) his dream come true. 考向2》动名词 动名词基本由“动词原形+ig”构成，形式与动词的现在分词相同。 LZAZK 178 YY 考点动名词的用法 用法 例子 作主语 Swimming is my favorite sport.游泳是我最喜欢的运动。 作表语 I think one of the best sports is running. 我认为跑步是最好的运动之一。 After John finished cleaning his room,he went to watch TV. 作宾语 约翰打扫完他的房间后，就去看电视了。 作定语 I bought some reading material..我买了一些阅读材料。 雪点②常考的接动名词的动词和动词短语 avoid doing sth.避免做某事 mind doing sth.介意做某事 finish doing sth.完成做某事 like doing sth.喜欢做某事 practice doing sth.练习做某事 keep doing sth.坚持做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 consider doing sth.考虑做某事 suggest doing sth.建议做某事 prevent sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 stop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做谋事 spend.(in)doing sth.花费…做某事 prefer doing A to doing B比起做B,更喜欢做A what/how about doing sth.做某事怎么样 can't help doing sth.禁不住做某事 feel like doing sth.想要做某事 pay attention to doing sth.注意做某事 be busy doing sth.忙于做某事 be/get used to doing sth.习惯做某事 be worth doing sth.值得做某事 look forward to doing sth..盼望做某事 give up doing sth.放弃做某事 have difficulty(in)doing sth.做某事有困难 succeed in doing sth.成功做某事 dream of doing sth.梦想做某事 instead of doing sth.而不是做某事 强意有些动词既可接不定式，也可接动名词，但意义不同。 stop doing sth.停止做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 stop to do sth.停下来去做某事（指另一件事） try to do sth. 设法或努力去做某事 remember doing sth.记得做过某事（已做） forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（已做） remember to do sth.记得去做某事（未做） forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做） be/get used to doing sth.习惯做某事 regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事（已做） used to do sth.过去常常做某事 regret to do sth.遗憾未做某事（未做） LZAZK 179 YY 对点专练 一、语法巩固。 1.He realized that Americans can hardly avoid (buy)products made in China. (RJ9全U5) 2.Betty usually practices sing)songs in her free time. 3.I have trouble (understand)the new words. 二、微语境练。根据提示，用单词的正确形式填空。 Tom enjoys 1. (play)ping-pong.He keeps 2. (get)up at 7 o'clock every morning 3. (practice)it.He is looking forward to 4. (communicate)with a famous player about ping-pong skills in the future. 直击中考 非谓语动词在语法选择中的运用。 分析广东省近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，非谓语动词主要考查动词不定式。针对 该考点，学生可通过固定搭配法与句子成分分析法来确定答案。 语篇训练儿固定搭配法 Students always look forward to vacations.So do I.I had a meaningful vacation last year.Let me tell you about it. Last summer holiday,I volunteered 1 some sick children in the hospital.I met a boy aged ten there.He was Bruce from London.He had a serious illness.And he had difficulty 2 care of himself.He was happy 3 me.I read some storybooks to him and I also sang many popular songs for him.Sometimes he sang along with me.When he didn't want 4 anything,I fed him. He often called me "elder brother"kindly.Later,Bruce went home after he got well. Now Bruce becomes my friend.We talk with each other on the Internet about once a week.It's such a happy thing for us 5 good friends. ( )1.A.to help B.helped C.help )2.A.take B.taking C.to take ( )3.A.seeing B.saw C.to see （)4.A.eat B.eating C.to eat )5.A.to become B.became C.becoming 语篇训练儿句子成分分析法 One hot afternoon,a poor farmer was digging his field.Suddenly,his spade (hit something.It was a metal pot which was big enough 6 rice for more than one hundred people. "It seems that it is not useful for me.I will dig deeper.Maybe I will find something else,"thought the farmer.He continued 7. LZAZK 180 YY After a while,he considered 8 a rest,so he threw the spade into the pot and sat under a tree.When he got up to leave,he could not believe his eyes.There were one hundred spades in the pot.What a magical pot! With that pot,the farmer became a rich man.Later,a greedy()king heard of the pot. "The magical pot should be mine,"the king thought.So,at once,he ordered his men 9 the farmer and his pot to his palace. When the king went to see what was inside the pot,he slipped(and fell inside it.After climbing out of the magical pot,he was shocked 10 that there were one hundred kings. All the kings then fought among themselves and died.This magical pot has killed the king himself! )6.A.boiling B.to boil C.boiled )7.A.dig B.dug C.to dig ()8.A.having B.to have C.had )9.A.bring B.to bring C.brought )10.A.to find B.finding C.found 备考演练 一、语法选择。 语篇类型：记叙文主题：人与社会（志愿服务） 难度：100词数：约190 用时：7分钟 When talking about live-.streaming(网络直播)，you might think of singers or movie stars.Zeng Qinghuan is a village 1 who comes from Loudi,Hunan Province.She has turned her whole village into 2 live-streaming room,where traditional lifestyles of her village are shown to the audience. Zeng used 3 and work in big cities.She returned to her village to care 4 her grandmother.Later,she built a career()5 in her village."I'm a daughter of the great mountains.I should play a part in making them better,"Zeng said.So she started live-streaming. Zeng is famous on the Internet.She now has more than 3 million followers 6 45 million likes.During the past few years,she 7 over 700 short videos online.Also,through live-streaming,she helps local villagers sell agricultural products ()Luckily,the products 8 by customers. Zeng hopes her experience 9 encourage more young people to return to their hometowns and make a difference."I hope each village will have one product and one live-streaming host of 10 own,"Zeng said.So she plans to help find more live-streaming hosts in Loudi in the near future. ()1.A.girl B.girls C.girl's LZAZK 181 YY ( )2.A.a B.an C.the ( )3.A.to study B.studying C.studied ( )4.A.after B.at C. for )5.A.success B.successfully c successful ( )6.A.but B.and C.or ( )7.A.puts B.will put C.has put )8.A.are welcomed B.welcome C.are welcoming ( )9.A.need B.should C.can )10.A.it B.its C.it's 二、短文填空。 语篇类型：说明文主题：人与社会（科学技术与工程）难度：■00词数：约210用时：7分钟 lead proper find where machine about although rapid they with because animal Have you ever wondered what animals are saying?With the 1 development of AI,we may be able to understand how they communicate soon! In Karen Bakker's new book,she talks 2 how AI helps us understand non-human sounds. In the 3 kingdom,there are a lot of sounds that we can hardly pick up.For example, elephants communicate with each other by using infrasound ()The living things in coral reefs (send sound waves to 4 baby corals to safer areas.This is really surprising 5 corals don't have ears! Scientists have placed some listening 6 in different environments to collect sounds humans cannot hear.After the sounds are recorded,AI can study 7 meanings.For example,some scientists used AI to translate more than 15,000 calls of bats.They 8 that about 60%of the calls were arguments about food,sleep positions,personal space and love. The technology can not only help us understand animals but also communicate with them 9. A research team in Germany put the bee language AI system into a robot bee.The team asked the robot bee to create a dance to tell bees 10 the nectar()was.The robot bee could help bees get enough food. (2025广东潮州中考一模改编) 1. 2 3 5. 6 7. 8. 9 10. 专题突破 请完成《专题突破》语法小卷对应训练 LZAZK 182 YY6.spaceship考查名词。由下文“它里面有许多东西”可知， 此处指我们登上了一个宇宙飞船的复制品。不定冠词a后接 可数名词单数，故用spaceship。 7.where考查宾语从句。分析句子成分可知，此处为宾语 从句。由句意可知，我们可以触摸宇航员的宇航服以及看到 宇航员准备食物的地方。此处表示“…的地方”，故用 where。 8.When考查连词。分析句子成分可知，此处缺少连词连 接两个句子。由句意可知，当他们参观宇宙飞船时，他们都 兴奋地谈论这项技术是多么棒。此处表示“当…时”，且位 于句首，故用When。 9.fll考查动词。由句意可知，我们不得不保持小心以防 跌进模拟的零重力区域。此处需用动词不定式表目的，故用 fall。 I0.our考查代词。由句意可知，在我们的访问结束时，我 们颇受启发，希望更多地了解宇宙。此处指“我们的”，修饰 名词需用形容词性物主代词，故用ou“。 PartⅢ主题拓展阅读 1,B细节理解题。由第一段第三、四句可知，失重会引起 骨质流失。 2.B细节理解题。由第二段第二、三句可知，研究端粒有 助于了解人体中的DNA在太空中的变化。 3.C推理判断题。通读第三段可知，作者通过列举不同的 宇航员的例子，来表明研究人员是如何验证太空对人体的影 响的。 4.A词义猜测题。由画线词所在句的下一句“国际空间站 已经采取行动去解决这个问题”可推测，此处表示然而，它 已不再是一个主要的担忧。 5.C主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了太空会 对人类的DNA和健康状况产生影响。 学有所思 Yes,I do.Because I want to experience the astronauts'feelings in person..(言之有理即可) 词汇提炼 1.understand;understanding 2.connect 3.be bad for;be good for 4.因为 第二章语法知识专项复习 专题一名词 教材语境 1.children 2.a lot of 3.father's 中考链接 1-2CD 3.performances 考向1 对点专练 、1.jobs 2-3AC LZAZK GDYY 2 二、l.scientist 2.hours 3.secrets 4.work 5.discovery 考向2 1.books watches tomatoes stories leaves 对点专练 一、l.wonders2.artist 3.B 1.stars 2.career 3.knowledge 4.people 5.ways 考向3 对点专练 一、1.some 2-3CA 二、l.students2.money3.pairs4.man5.joy 考向4 对点专练 一、l.child's 2-3AA 二、l.friends2.Lu Xun's3.history 直击中考 -、1-2AC 二、1-6 ACBBCD 三、l.worker2.help3.sadness4.dream 5.student 6.months 7.love 8.age 9.attention 备考演练 -、1-5 ADBAD6-10 BACCD 二、1.during2.reason3.played4.ways5.only 6.Its 7.decision 8.bring 9.interested 10.and 专题二动词 第1讲动词和动词词组 教材语境 1.works does 2.look for 中考链接 1-2CA 考向1 对点专练 一、L.change speak 2-3BB 二、l.finds2.keep3.gives4.thinks5.is 基础知识必备 第三人称单数 (1)puts (2)teaches goes (3)flies tries 现在分词 (1)catching doing (2)making (3)running (4)lying 过去式与过去分词 (1)passed (2)decided (3)worried hurried (4)planned 对点专练 is being was/were been does doing did done regrets regretting regretted regretted passes passing passed passed carries carrying carriedcarried solves 参考答案 solving solved solved dies dying dieddied searches searching searched searched 考向2 对点专练 一、l.may end 2-3CA 二、1.needs2.should3.can't 考向3 对点专练 一、l.find out 2.C 3.learning from 二、l.makes friends with2.depend on 直击中考 一、BDACB 二、l.fell2.asked3.help4.save5.celebrate 6.finished 备考演练 、1-5 DBCAB6-10 CBADC 二、l.painful2.spending3.help4.clearly 5.avoid 6.about 7.but 8.them 9.eyes 10.how 第2讲谓语动词的时态 教材语境 1.is 2.sweeping 中考链接 1.C 2.enjoys 考向1 2.(1)are isn't (2)go always usually every month 考向2 2.(1)wasn't were (2)visit yesterday last year 考向3 2.(1)won't not tomorrow next year in the future (2)am isn't 考向4 2.watching are now these days 考向5 2.watching at that time 考向6 2.have taken already so far 对点专练 一、l.take2.are3.werewere4.went 5.will do 6.are going to improve 7.having 8.was having was ordering 9.Have thought 10.has listened 1.is 2.doesn't like asks 3.wasn't 4.enjoyed 5.won't go 6.Are play 7.aren't drawing 8.weren't playing 9.hasn't finished 10.have been LZAZK GDYY 三、（一）l.ate2.became3.was4.eat5.do ()1.is watching 2.was eating 3.misses ()1.have learnt/learned 2.was 3.will become 直击中考 -、1-5 ABCAC 二、判断谓语动词形式 1.use 2.send 3.is 语境分析法 1.studied 2.had 3.worked 句子时态标志词 1.lived 2.visited 3.made 备考演练 、1-5 BCBAA6-10 CBCAC 二、l.students2.full3.frst4.himself5.but 6.having 7.carefully 8.to 9.invitation 10.join 第3讲谓语动词的被动语态 教材语境 1.were made 2.happens 中考链接 B 考点2 1.(4)were 对点专练 一、l.looks2.are cleaned3.was seen 二、1.was invented2.was improved3.shows 直击中考 一、1-5 CBBCA 二、l.was2.seen3.called 备考演练 -、1-5 CCABC6-10 BABCA 二、l.shows2.However3.our4.weaker 5.focus 6.chances 7.pride 8.directly 9.up 10.what 第4讲动词的非谓语形式 教材语境 1.to give 2.meeting 中考链接 0 考向1 对点专练 一、l.to talk2.to buy3.work 二、l.to help2.to become3.to make 考向2 对点专练 一、l.buying2.singing3.understanding 二、l.playing2.getting3.to practice 4.communicating 直击中考 1-5 ABCCA 6-10 BCABA 24参考答案 备考演练 一、1-5 AAACB6-10 BCACB 二、l.rapid2.about3.animal4.lead5.because 6.machines 7.their 8.found 9.properly 10.where 专题三形容词和副词 教材语境 1.beautiful 2.luckily 3.more powerful 中考链接 1-2BD 考向1 考点2 excited exciting 考点3 3.(4)such that so that 对点专练 、l.interested 2-3BC 二、l.boring2.old3.thankful4.proud 5.wonderful 对点专练 一、l.away 2-3BA 1.excitedly 2.surprisedly 3.Unluckily 4.fast 5.suddenly 考向3 考点1 1.hotter hottest heavier heaviest most famous least interesting 对点专练 1.faster fastest 2.madder maddest 3.lazier laziest 4.younger youngest 5.earlier earliest 6.better best 7.worse worst 8.more useful most useful 9.fatter fattest 10.less least 11.more famous most famous 12.more most 13.busier busiest 14.cleverer/more clever cleverest/most clever 15.older/elder oldest/eldest 16.fewer fewest 17.farther/further farthest/furthest 18.larger largest 19.more beautiful most beautiful 20.more difficult most difficult 21.colder coldest 考点2 3.better and better 4.the more,the better 5.the oldest in the world 6.the second longest river 7.one of the tallest boys 对点专练 一、I.the most successful 2-3CA 二、l.harder2.easier3.best 4.excellent 5.confidently 直击中考 1-5 CCABC LZAZK GDYY 二、1-5 DAACB6-10 DDBAB 三、l.poor2.up3.happy 备考演练 一、1-5 CABAB6-10 ACBCB 二、l.provides2.carefully3.clean4.of 5.children 6.its 7.return 8.and 9.power 10.why 专题四代词 教材语境 1.you me 2.this 3.anything special 中考链接 1.A 2.something 考向1 考点1 She her 考点2 your my Ours 对点专练 一、l.they2.their 3-4BC 二、1.She2.We3.My 对点专练 一、1.those 2-3BA 二、1.It2.these3.one4.This 对点专练 一、1.Who 2.Which 3-4AC 二、1.Which2.what3.how4.who 考向4 a fewfew a littlelittle 对点专练 一、1.other2.Afew 3-4AA 二、1.Many2.few3.al4.anyone 直击中考 、1-5 ABBAC 二、l.them2.her3.his4.their5.herself 6.ourselves 备考演练 一、1-5 ACBCB6-10 ABBAC 1.copied 2.deeply 3.effort 4.streets 5.with 6.mine 7.hold 8.dream 9.Although 10.successful 专题五数词 教材语境 thousands 中考链接 C 考向1 考点1 first second third 25参考答案