Unit 8 课时4 Lesson 4 (分层作业) 英语新教材冀教版八年级下册

Unit 8 Natural disasters 课时4 Lesson 4 Natural disasters are dangerous!分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/v. & n. 损害；毁坏 per /pə(r)/prep. 每；每一 grassland /ˈɡrɑːslænd/n. 草原；草地 badly /ˈbædli/adv. 严重地；非常 amount /əˈmaʊnt/n. 数量；数额 overflow /ˌəʊvəˈfləʊ/v. & n. 溢出 troop /truːp/n. 军队；士兵；连队 　　v. 列队行进 successfully /səkˈsesfəli/adv. 成功地 句型 1. However, they can be very dangerous and cause a lot of damage. ——然而，它们可能非常危险，并会造成严重损害。 2.Never get into a lift during an earthquake.——地震发生时切勿进入电梯。 3.It is not easy, but it can save your life.——这并不容易，但能挽救你的生命。 一、单词默写。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.____________ /ˈdæmɪdʒ/v. & n. 损害；毁坏 2.____________ /pə(r)/prep. 每；每一 3.____________ /ˈɡrɑːslænd/n. 草原；草地 4.____________ /ˈbædli/adv. 严重地；非常 5.____________ /əˈmaʊnt/n. 数量；数额 6.____________ /ˌəʊvəˈfləʊ/v. & n. 溢出 7.____________ /truːp/n. 军队；士兵；连队；v. 列队行进 8.____________ /səkˈsesfəli/adv. 成功地 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 二、词组默写。 1.冷却；降温：________________________ 2.达到；高达：________________________ 3.导致；引起：________________________ 4.对…… 有危险：________________________ 5.大量的：________________________ 6.太多（修饰不可数名词）：_________________ 7.…… 之一：________________________ 8.对抗；与…… 作斗争：_____________________ 9.数百万的；大量的：________________________ 10.保持安全：________________________ 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 三、根据要求完成句子。 1.The sun goes behind the clouds and the air begins to ______ ______.（冷却；降温） 2.The tall building can ______ ______ ______ 100 meters.（达到；高达） 3.Bad weather will ______ ______ serious natural disasters.（导致；引起） 4.There is ______ ______ waste water in the river.（太多） 5.______ ______ people lost their homes in the big flood.（数百万的） 四、单项选择题。 1.A typhoon is a strong storm ________powerful winds. A. for B. with C. on D. at 2.The wind speed of a strong typhoon can reach up ________ 252 kilometres per hour. A. to B.with C. about D. in 3.Too much rain or river overflow will ________terrible floods easily. A. cool down B. reach up to C. lead to D. keep safe 4.There is ________ rain and it will cause floods. A. too many B. little C. a little D. too much 5.The PLA troops helped ________people stay safe in the 1998 flood. A. five millions B. five million of C. millions of D. million of 五、语法填空。 My best friend Ben is 40 years old. He 1 (be) in Alabama for many years. One day, Ben could hear strong winds outside his home. Black clouds were making the sky very dark. All the 2 (block) were empty. The news reported that 3 heavy rainstorm was on the way. Everyone in the neighbourhood 4 (be) scared. Ben’s dad was busy 5 (fix) the windows. His mum was checking if the flashlights worked 6 (good). Ben was making dinner by 7 (he) when the rain began to beat against the windows. It 8 (sound) terrible. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, 9 it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside. Ben couldn’t sleep 10 first because the wind was 11 (strong) outside than a moment ago. On the 12 (two) day, the sun rose. Ben went outside and found the neighbourhood 13 a mess. Many people came back 14 (help) clean the neighbourhood. The awful storm broke many things apart, but it 15 (bring) families and neighbours closer together. 六、完形填空。 Natural disasters like earthquakes, typhoons, floods and wildfires are very dangerous. It is important to know how to 1 ourselves when they happen. If an earthquake comes, stay calm first. If you are 2 , get under a strong table or bed to protect yourself from falling objects. Do not stand near walls or windows, and never get into a 3 . If you are outside, move to an open area as 4 as you can, and stay away from buildings and trees. If you are in a car, pull over to a safe place and stay inside. If you are near the sea, get far away from the water to 5 dangerous waves. For typhoons, we should stay indoors, 6 all windows and doors, and stay away from windows. For floods, we should go to 7 ground and never walk through floodwaters. For wildfires, we should follow authorities’ advice and leave if necessary, and 8 breathing in the smoke. When the disaster is over, there is still danger. We should keep an eye out for falling things, and only make 9 phone calls. Remember: being prepared and knowing safety tips can 10 your life. 1．A．protect B．help C．save D．stop 2．A．outside B．inside C．in a car D．near the sea 3．A．room B．kitchen C．lift D．bed 4．A．slowly B．quickly C．quietly D．carefully 5．A．stop B．avoid C．meet D．face 6．A．open B．close C．break D．fix 7．A．lower B．higher C．bigger D．smaller 8．A．enjoy B．keep C．avoid D．start 9．A．necessary B．many C．long D．free 10．A．save B．take C．make D．risk 七、阅读理解。 1．What is safe to use during a thunderstorm? A．Radios. B．Corded telephones. C．Computers. D．Mobile phones. 2．What should we do first during a thunderstorm? A．Find a safe shelter. B．Power off mobile phones. C．Protect ears from loud thunder. D．Stay away from metal objects. 3．Which of the following is the best shelter during a thunderstorm? A．A tall tree in an open field. B．A small tent on the grass. C．A closed-window car. D．A bus stop with a metal roof. 4．A family camping in an open area meets a thunderstorm. What should they do? A．Stand together under the tallest tree. B．Crouch low with their heels together. C．Keep their feet touching the ground. D．Stay out and lie down on the ground. 5．Where might we read this passage? A．On a weather website. B．In a travel magazine. C．In a sports newspaper. D．In a museum guidebook. 八、阅读下面短文，完成相关任务。 Natural disasters are very dangerous, but we can protect ourselves with safety tips. For earthquakes: If you are inside, get under a table or bed. Do not stand near walls or windows. Never get into a lift. If you are outside, move to an open area and stay away from buildings. If you are in a car, pull over to a safe place. If you are near the sea, get away from the water. For typhoons: Stay indoors, shut all windows and doors, and stay away from windows. For floods: Go to higher ground. Never walk or drive through floodwaters. For wildfires: Follow authorities’ advice and leave if necessary. Avoid breathing in the smoke, as it can hurt your throat and lungs. After any disaster, stay calm and check for dangers. Only make necessary phone calls. 1．完成句子：We can protect ourselves from natural disasters with _____ . 2．完成句子：For typhoons, we should stay indoors and _____ all windows and doors. 3．回答问题：Why should we avoid breathing in the smoke during a wildfire? _____________________________________________________________ 4．回答问题：What should we do if there is a flood? _____________________________________________________________ 5．将文中画线句子翻译成汉语： Never walk or drive through floodwaters. _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】【导语】本文介绍了地震、台风、洪水和野火等自然灾害发生时的安全防护措施，并提醒人们在灾害发生后保持冷静、检查危险，并尽量减少不必要的电话。 1．第一段提到“Natural disasters are very dangerous, but we can protect ourselves with safety tips.”，说明我们可以通过安全提示来保护自己免受自然灾害的伤害。 2．“For typhoons”部分提到“Stay indoors, shut all windows and doors, and stay away from windows.”，说明台风天气应待在室内并关好所有门窗。 3．“For wildfires”部分提到“Avoid breathing in the smoke, as it can hurt your throat and lungs.”，说明避免吸入烟雾是因为它会伤害喉咙和肺部。 4．“For floods”部分提到“Go to higher ground. Never walk or drive through floodwaters.”，说明发生洪水时应该前往更高的地方，且切勿在洪水中行走或开车。 5．“Never walk or drive through floodwaters.”译为“切勿步行或驾车穿过洪水”。Never译为“绝不”；walk or drive译为“步行或驾车”；through floodwaters“穿过洪水”。 $Unit 8 Natural disasters 课时4 Lesson 4 Natural disasters are dangerous!分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/v. & n. 损害；毁坏 per /pə(r)/prep. 每；每一 grassland /ˈɡrɑːslænd/n. 草原；草地 badly /ˈbædli/adv. 严重地；非常 amount /əˈmaʊnt/n. 数量；数额 overflow /ˌəʊvəˈfləʊ/v. & n. 溢出 troop /truːp/n. 军队；士兵；连队 　　v. 列队行进 successfully /səkˈsesfəli/adv. 成功地 句型 1. However, they can be very dangerous and cause a lot of damage. ——然而，它们可能非常危险，并会造成严重损害。 2.Never get into a lift during an earthquake.——地震发生时切勿进入电梯。 3.It is not easy, but it can save your life.——这并不容易，但能挽救你的生命。 一、单词默写。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.____________ /ˈdæmɪdʒ/v. & n. 损害；毁坏 2.____________ /pə(r)/prep. 每；每一 3.____________ /ˈɡrɑːslænd/n. 草原；草地 4.____________ /ˈbædli/adv. 严重地；非常 5.____________ /əˈmaʊnt/n. 数量；数额 6.____________ /ˌəʊvəˈfləʊ/v. & n. 溢出 7.____________ /truːp/n. 军队；士兵；连队；v. 列队行进 8.____________ /səkˈsesfəli/adv. 成功地 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【答案】damage；per；grassland；badly；amount；overflow；troop；successfully 二、词组默写。 1.冷却；降温：________________________ 2.达到；高达：________________________ 3.导致；引起：________________________ 4.对…… 有危险：________________________ 5.大量的：________________________ 6.太多（修饰不可数名词）：_________________ 7.…… 之一：________________________ 8.对抗；与…… 作斗争：_____________________ 9.数百万的；大量的：________________________ 10.保持安全：________________________ 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【答案】1.cool down；2. reach up to；3. lead to；4. be dangerous to；5. a huge amount of；6. too much； 7. one of；8. fight against；9. millions of；10. keep safe 三、根据要求完成句子。 1.The sun goes behind the clouds and the air begins to ______ ______.（冷却；降温） 2.The tall building can ______ ______ ______ 100 meters.（达到；高达） 3.Bad weather will ______ ______ serious natural disasters.（导致；引起） 4.There is ______ ______ waste water in the river.（太多） 5.______ ______ people lost their homes in the big flood.（数百万的） 【答案】1.cool down 2.reach up to 3.lead to 4.too much 5.Millions of 四、单项选择题。 1.A typhoon is a strong storm ________powerful winds. A. for B. with C. on D. at 2.The wind speed of a strong typhoon can reach up ________ 252 kilometres per hour. A. to B.with C. about D. in 3.Too much rain or river overflow will ________terrible floods easily. A. cool down B. reach up to C. lead to D. keep safe 4.There is ________ rain and it will cause floods. A. too many B. little C. a little D. too much 5.The PLA troops helped ________people stay safe in the 1998 flood. A. five millions B. five million of C. millions of D. million of 【答案】1.B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. C 五、语法填空。 My best friend Ben is 40 years old. He 1 (be) in Alabama for many years. One day, Ben could hear strong winds outside his home. Black clouds were making the sky very dark. All the 2 (block) were empty. The news reported that 3 heavy rainstorm was on the way. Everyone in the neighbourhood 4 (be) scared. Ben’s dad was busy 5 (fix) the windows. His mum was checking if the flashlights worked 6 (good). Ben was making dinner by 7 (he) when the rain began to beat against the windows. It 8 (sound) terrible. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, 9 it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside. Ben couldn’t sleep 10 first because the wind was 11 (strong) outside than a moment ago. On the 12 (two) day, the sun rose. Ben went outside and found the neighbourhood 13 a mess. Many people came back 14 (help) clean the neighbourhood. The awful storm broke many things apart, but it 15 (bring) families and neighbours closer together. 【答案】 1．has been 2．blocks 3．a 4．was 5．fixing 6．well 7．himself 8．sounded 9．but 10．at 11．stronger 12．second 13．in 14．to help 15．brought 【导语】本文讲述了Ben在阿拉巴马州经历一场可怕风暴的过程：风暴来临前人们的准备、风暴中的混乱，以及风暴过后邻里互助、关系更加紧密的故事。 1．句意：我的好朋友Ben，40岁了。他在阿拉巴马州已经很多年了。根据“for many years”可知，本句应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，主语为He，助动词用has。故填has been。 2．句意：所有的街区都空了。根据“were”可知，此处应用名词复数形式，block的复数为blocks。故填blocks。 3．句意：新闻报道说一场大暴雨即将来临。此处表示“一场”，heavy以辅音音素开头，需不定冠词a。故填a。 4．句意：街区里的每个人都很害怕。文章描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语Everyone为单数，谓语动词用单数was。故填was。 5．句意：Ben的爸爸正忙着修理窗户。固定搭配be busy doing sth. “忙于做某事”。故填fixing。 6．句意：他的妈妈在检查手电筒是否能正常工作。此处应用副词修饰动词worked，good的副词形式是well。故填well。 7．句意：当大雨开始敲打窗户时，Ben正在自己做晚饭。此处表示“他自己”，应用反身代词。故填himself。 8．句意：这听起来很可怕。文章描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，sound的过去式是sounded。故填sounded。 9．句意：晚饭后，他们试图玩纸牌游戏，但是外面正发生严重的暴风雨，很难玩得开心。分析句子成分可知，此处表示转折关系。故填but。 10．句意：Ben起初睡不着，因为刚才外面的风比以前更大了。固定搭配at first“起初；一开始”。故填at。 11．句意：Ben起初睡不着，因为刚才外面的风比以前更大了。根据“than”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，strong的比较级是stronger。故填stronger。 12．句意：第二天，太阳升起了。固定搭配 on the second day“在第二天”。故填second。 13．句意：Ben走出去，发现街区一片狼藉。固定搭配in a mess“一片狼藉”。故填in。 14．句意：许多人回来帮助清理街区。此处用不定式表目的。故填to help。 15．句意：这场可怕的风暴使许多东西破碎了，但它把家人和邻居拉得更近了。文章描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，bring的过去式是brought。故填brought。 六、完形填空。 Natural disasters like earthquakes, typhoons, floods and wildfires are very dangerous. It is important to know how to 1 ourselves when they happen. If an earthquake comes, stay calm first. If you are 2 , get under a strong table or bed to protect yourself from falling objects. Do not stand near walls or windows, and never get into a 3 . If you are outside, move to an open area as 4 as you can, and stay away from buildings and trees. If you are in a car, pull over to a safe place and stay inside. If you are near the sea, get far away from the water to 5 dangerous waves. For typhoons, we should stay indoors, 6 all windows and doors, and stay away from windows. For floods, we should go to 7 ground and never walk through floodwaters. For wildfires, we should follow authorities’ advice and leave if necessary, and 8 breathing in the smoke. When the disaster is over, there is still danger. We should keep an eye out for falling things, and only make 9 phone calls. Remember: being prepared and knowing safety tips can 10 your life. 1．A．protect B．help C．save D．stop 2．A．outside B．inside C．in a car D．near the sea 3．A．room B．kitchen C．lift D．bed 4．A．slowly B．quickly C．quietly D．carefully 5．A．stop B．avoid C．meet D．face 6．A．open B．close C．break D．fix 7．A．lower B．higher C．bigger D．smaller 8．A．enjoy B．keep C．avoid D．start 9．A．necessary B．many C．long D．free 10．A．save B．take C．make D．risk 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．A 【导语】  本文是一篇说明文。介绍了自然灾害发生时我们该如何保护我们自己。 1．句意：当它们发生时，知道如何保护自己是很重要的。 根据下文“If an earthquake comes, stay calm first...If you are in a car, pull over to a safe place and stay inside”可知，本文主要在讲自然灾害发生时保护自己的方法。 2．句意：如果你在室内，请躲在坚固的桌子或床下，以保护自己免受坠落物体的伤害。 根据下文“If you are outside, move to an open area”可知，此处介绍在室内采取的措施。 3．句意：不要站在靠近墙壁或窗户的地方，也不要进入电梯。 get into a lift“进入电梯”，room“房间”，kitchen“厨房”和bed“床”均与get into不搭配。 4．句意：如果你在外面，尽快搬到开阔的地方，远离建筑物和树木。 根据“If you are outside”及常识可知，尽快地跑到开阔的地方。 5．句意：如果你靠近大海，请远离水面，以避免危险的海浪。 根据“get far away from the water”可知，远离水面是为了避免海浪的伤害。 6．句意：台风来临时，我们应该待在室内，关上所有的门窗，远离窗户。 根据“For typhoons, we should stay indoors”可知，关上所有的门窗。 7．句意：对于洪水，我们应该去地势较高的地方，永远不要穿过洪水。 根据“For floods”可知，洪水发生时应该去地势较高的地方。 8．句意：对于野火，我们应该听从当局的建议，必要时离开，避免吸入烟雾。 根据常识可知，火灾应避免吸入烟雾。avoid“避免”符合语境。 9．句意：我们应该小心掉落的东西，只打必要的电话。 根据“We should keep an eye out for falling things”可知，necessary“必要的”符合语境。many“许多”，long“长的”和free“免费的”均不符合语境。 10．句意：记住：做好准备并了解安全提示可以挽救你的生命。 根据“Remember: being prepared and knowing safety tips”可知，做好准备并了解安全提示可以挽救你的生命。 七、阅读理解。 1．What is safe to use during a thunderstorm? A．Radios. B．Corded telephones. C．Computers. D．Mobile phones. 2．What should we do first during a thunderstorm? A．Find a safe shelter. B．Power off mobile phones. C．Protect ears from loud thunder. D．Stay away from metal objects. 3．Which of the following is the best shelter during a thunderstorm? A．A tall tree in an open field. B．A small tent on the grass. C．A closed-window car. D．A bus stop with a metal roof. 4．A family camping in an open area meets a thunderstorm. What should they do? A．Stand together under the tallest tree. B．Crouch low with their heels together. C．Keep their feet touching the ground. D．Stay out and lie down on the ground. 5．Where might we read this passage? A．On a weather website. B．In a travel magazine. C．In a sports newspaper. D．In a museum guidebook. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了雷暴天气中应对雷电的安全防护知识，详细说明了遭遇雷电时的正确做法。 1．文章左侧部分“Stay off corded telephones, computers and radios except mobile phones.”表明雷暴天气中，手机是安全的使用设备，收音机、有线电话、电脑均不安全。 2．文章左侧部分“SEEK SHELTER FIRST”表明雷暴天气中，首要做法是寻找安全的庇护所。 3．文章左侧部分“Move to a building or a car with windows closed.”表明关闭车窗的汽车是雷暴天气中合适的庇护所，而大树、小帐篷、金属顶公交站均存在安全隐患。 4．文章右侧部分“Crouch down as low as possible.”以及“Keep your heels touching each other.”表明外出露营遭遇雷暴时，应蹲低身体并并拢脚后跟。 5．文章介绍的是雷暴天气的安全防护知识，这类内容通常出现在天气相关的网站上，而非旅游杂志、体育报纸或博物馆指南中。 八、阅读下面短文，完成相关任务。 Natural disasters are very dangerous, but we can protect ourselves with safety tips. For earthquakes: If you are inside, get under a table or bed. Do not stand near walls or windows. Never get into a lift. If you are outside, move to an open area and stay away from buildings. If you are in a car, pull over to a safe place. If you are near the sea, get away from the water. For typhoons: Stay indoors, shut all windows and doors, and stay away from windows. For floods: Go to higher ground. Never walk or drive through floodwaters. For wildfires: Follow authorities’ advice and leave if necessary. Avoid breathing in the smoke, as it can hurt your throat and lungs. After any disaster, stay calm and check for dangers. Only make necessary phone calls. 1．完成句子：We can protect ourselves from natural disasters with _____ . 2．完成句子：For typhoons, we should stay indoors and _____ all windows and doors. 3．回答问题：Why should we avoid breathing in the smoke during a wildfire? _____________________________________________________________ 4．回答问题：What should we do if there is a flood? _____________________________________________________________ 5．将文中画线句子翻译成汉语： Never walk or drive through floodwaters. _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．safety tips 2．shut/close 3．Because it can hurt our throats and lungs. 4．We should go to higher ground and never walk or drive through floodwaters. 5．切勿步行或驾车穿过洪水。 【导语】本文介绍了地震、台风、洪水和野火等自然灾害发生时的安全防护措施，并提醒人们在灾害发生后保持冷静、检查危险，并尽量减少不必要的电话。 1．第一段提到“Natural disasters are very dangerous, but we can protect ourselves with safety tips.”，说明我们可以通过安全提示来保护自己免受自然灾害的伤害。 2．“For typhoons”部分提到“Stay indoors, shut all windows and doors, and stay away from windows.”，说明台风天气应待在室内并关好所有门窗。 3．“For wildfires”部分提到“Avoid breathing in the smoke, as it can hurt your throat and lungs.”，说明避免吸入烟雾是因为它会伤害喉咙和肺部。 4．“For floods”部分提到“Go to higher ground. Never walk or drive through floodwaters.”，说明发生洪水时应该前往更高的地方，且切勿在洪水中行走或开车。 5．“Never walk or drive through floodwaters.”译为“切勿步行或驾车穿过洪水”。Never译为“绝不”；walk or drive译为“步行或驾车”；through floodwaters“穿过洪水”。 $ Unit 8 Natural disasters 课时4 Lesson 4 Natural disasters are dangerous!分层作业 参考答案 一、单词默写。 damage；per；grassland；badly；amount；overflow；troop；successfully 二、词组默写。 1.cool down；2. reach up to；3. lead to；4. be dangerous to；5. a huge amount of；6. too much； 7. one of；8. fight against；9. millions of；10. keep safe 三、完成句子。 1.cool down 2.reach up to 3.lead to 4.too much 5.Millions of 四 、单项选择。 1.B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. C 五、语法填空。 1．has been 2．blocks 3．a 4．was 5．fixing 6．well 7．himself 8．sounded 9．but 10．at 11．stronger 12．second 13．in 14．to help 15．brought 六、完形填空。 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．A 七、阅读理解。 1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 八、阅读综合。 1．safety tips 2．shut/close 3．Because it can hurt our throats and lungs. 4．We should go to higher ground and never walk or drive through floodwaters. 5．切勿步行或驾车穿过洪水。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $