Unit 8 A green world(重难词汇精练）英语新教材译林版八年级下册

Unit 8 A green world 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 1、 单词默写 序号 单词 词性、词义 1 n.原因；理由 2 n.土壤 3 adj.化学品的；化学的 n.化学制品 4 n.卡车；载重汽车 5 adj.不洁净的 6 n.燃料 7 vt.&vi.倾倒，倒出；倾泻 8 adj.清澈的；晴朗的；了解清楚的 9 adj.环保的 10 vt.&vi.(使)分开；区分 11 v.回收利用 12 n.标准，水平 13 adv.有成效地 14 adj.总的 15 adj.严格的 16 vt.&n.控制 17 vt.&vi.违背；(使)破损 18 vt.&vi.惩罚 19 v.对……处以罚款 20 n.资源 21 adv.明智地 22 adv.广泛地，普遍地 23 n.管理 24 vi.&vt.投票，表决 25 n.海报 26 vt.污染 27 vt.影响 28 n.气体；汽油；天然气 29 n.海鸟 30 n.沙漠化 31 adv.几乎不，几乎没有 32 adj.供一次使用的 33 n.损坏，损失，损害 34 n.太阳能 35 adj.二手的 36 n.电池 37 adj.电子的 38 把……分成 39 用完，耗尽 40 有作用，有影响 41 依照，根据 42 太阳能 二、短语默写 序号 汉语意思 英语短语 1 被不同的处理 2 弥漫着/充满了沙子 3 被警方罚款 4 被分成不同类别 5 被扔进/到湖泊和河流里 6 违反规定 7 购买一次性塑料用品 8 控制空气和水污染 9 砍伐 10 依靠其丰富的资源生存 11 在公共场所乱扔垃圾 12 鼓励 (人们) 骑自行车出行 13 改善/改变这种状况 14 专注于减少浪费和污染 15 遵循这些简单的步骤 16 骑自行车出行 17 践行绿色生活 18 过着幸福健康的生活 19 在应对荒漠化问题上迈出了重要一步/应对荒漠化问题上有了一个良好的开端 20 努力减少沙漠面积 21 不允许在个人护理产品中使用塑料 22 倾倒(把……倾倒) 23 通过拒绝一次性塑料袋和瓶子来减少污染 24 重复使用旧物品 25 对垃圾进行分类 26 分享某人关于……的想法 27 和他人拼车上学 28 积极参与至少一项活动 29 采取行动保护我们的地球 30 努力保持它的现状/努力保持它的原貌 31 关(闭) 32 使用更多环保清洁产品 33 使用太阳能、风能和水能 34 担心 35 增强对……的认知 36 成为全球的一个大话题 37 同时 38 绿色世界/绿色家园/一个绿色国度 39 一个拥有高山和清澈蓝色湖泊的国家 40 一场环保主题展览/环保主题秀 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 词汇语境练-句子 二、单项选择 1．We can see many ________ on the wall about the activity. A．posters B．pictures C．photos D．notices 2．If you ________ the law, you will be punished. A．break B．follow C．obey D．keep 3．The school has ________ rules about environmental protection. A．strict B．loose C．free D．easy 4．The doctors ________ saved the patient’s life. A．successfully B．easily C．slowly D．carefully 5．If you want to make a difference to the environment, you should start ________ small things in your daily life. A．from B．with C．in D．for 6．If we ________ the old toys to the recycling center, they ________ into new things. A．send; are made B．send; will be made C．will send; are made D．will send; will be made 7．—________ can we help to keep the school clean?   —By putting rubbish in the bins. A．What B．When C．How D．Where 8．The new park rules require people to ________ their own rubbish when they leave the camping area. A．take away B．throw away C．give away D．put away 9．—What should we do with the old mobile phones? —We can send them to a special factory to be ________, so we can reuse the useful parts. A．broken B．recycled C．separated D．punished 10．—Li Hui, do you have ________ family rules?   —Yes, I’m never allowed to stay out late on school nights. A．necessary B．careful C．strict D．serious 11．Which of the following actions is NOT part of green life? A．Planting more trees in spring. B．Taking your own bags when shopping. C．Walking or riding bikes to school. D．Burning rubbish in the open air. 12．    Look at the picture below. You can put some waste like ________ into the dustbin with this sign.                                                        A．food leftovers and fruit peels B．newspapers, plastic and glass C．plastic bags, fur and broken bowls D．batteries, medicines and light tubes 13．—Do you think Internet Plus has changed our lives? —Sure. It is ________ used in all the fields such as shopping, education, travelling, finance (金融) and so on. A．normally B．clearly C．widely D．nearly 14．—People must wear helmets when they ride e-bikes ________ the traffic rules. —Yes. Or they will be punished. A．according to B．thanks to C．as for D．instead of 15．—Walking to school is really good for our health. —________. I walk to work every day and I feel much stronger. A．I disagree B．I agree C．I hope not D．I don’t think so 三、补全句子 1．我们将采取行动拯救野生鸟类,以免它们被污染致死。 We _________ _________ _________ _________ _________the wild birds before they _________ _________ _________ by pollution. 2．为了改善教室空气质量,一些简单的措施将立即被采取。 To improve classroom air quality, some simple steps ________ ________ ________ at once. 3．中国正在努力减少沙漠面积。 China is making ________ to reduce its ________ area. 4．在瑞士，玻璃、塑料和纸张等物品会被分成不同类别，然后回收利用。 In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are ________ into different groups and then ________. 5．与其立刻向别人求助，我们可以先试着自己解决这道数学题。（完成译句） ________ ________ asking others for help right away, we could ________ ________ ________ the maths problem by ourselves first. 6．任何人连续驾驶超过四小时不休息都是很危险的。 It’s dangerous for anyone to drive for over four hours without ________ ________ ________. 7．他看见一个坏人闯入邻居家，便匆忙拨打110报了警。 He saw a bad man ________ ________ his neighbour’s house and called the police at 110 in a hurry. 8．我们学校如何在废物管理方面做得更好？ How can our school do ________ in waste ________? 9．这家工厂因为污染河流而被罚款。   The factory ________ ________ for polluting the river. 10．我们把垃圾分成不同的类别，比如塑料和纸张。   We ________ the waste ________ different groups, such as plastic and paper. 四 、请根据句子意思，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每个单词限用一次。      empty   care   simple   pick   divide   follow   set   lucky   deal   clean 1．Our teacher the students into 5 groups to do the river cleanup work last Friday. 2．Everyone should the new rules of environmental protection, no matter how old you are. 3．We can up the rubbish along the road when we go for a walk after dinner. 4． , we found a lot of volunteers to help us with the community recycling activity. 5．The government has up a special team to deal with the white pollution in the city. 6．We can do some things in our daily life to protect the environment, like turning off the lights. 7．If you don’t know how to with the old books, you can give them to the school library. 8．We should for the wild plants and animals when we go hiking in the mountains. 9．The workers will the polluted river in this area next month. 10．You can put the old newspapers into the box and take them to the recycling station. 词汇语境练-语篇 五、完形填空 Ever since “Mother Nature” gave me life, I have expected to grow tall and big. As a young 1 , I was well protected in the forest.I used to 2 a good time with my friends under the blue sky and 3 the river. Our only purpose was to stand high. My pal Tim often said,” All I ask for is to be 4 the whole day.” More than 300 days passed and we grew straight. Until one day, our 5 birthday, people came and moved us from the 6 and put us on their trucks. “I don’t want to go!” Tim cried. After a long journey, we arrived in a completely different place with 7 green. Here we were planted in a line. Because the wind blew 8 , I could not even open my eyes to see Tim 9 beside me. So we needed enough 10 to grow thicker and higher to stop the wind. As time went by, we finally 11 much stronger. I could keep my eyes open in the wind! I even found the blue sky was back! This was no longer the no-man’s land, and hundreds of visitors came here. A man took a picture of us with his 12 , “Thank you. We can enjoy clear days 13 worrying about sandstorms.” A young girl jumping up and down came over and 14 me. “Thank you,” she said. “It’s you that have turned the desert into the green land!” Tim and I smiled at each other, feeling 15 . The sun was shining brightly in the bluer sky. 1．A．tree B．fish C．girl D．boy 2．A．choose B．forget C．have D．miss 3．A．in B．along C．on D．under 4．A．smart B．happy C．busy D．thin 5．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 6．A．beach B．lake C．house D．earth 7．A．all B．nothing C．anything D．everything 8．A．slowly B．quickly C．strongly D．quietly 9．A．clearly B．greatly C．kindly D．widely 10．A．desert B．wind C．sand D．water 11．A．became B．smelt C．sounded D．remained 12．A．radio B．keyboard C．backpack D．camera 13．A．from B．about C．without D．of 14．A．asked B．hugged C．invited D．kicked 15．A．tired B．bored C．proud D．surprised 六、短文填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Only about 2.5 per cent of the earth’s water is freshwater. Of that, nearly 70 per cent is frozen in huge and 1 (peace) glaciers and ice caps (冰川和冰冠). About 30 per cent is groundwater, which is important for human 2 (develop) and daily life. It hides under mountains, plains and even deserts, and is called aquifers (含水层). Groundwater is 3 important part of earth’s water cycle. Some groundwater naturally rises and 4 (pour) out onto earth’s surface through springs (泉). In fact, we use 200 times more groundwater than oil. As human-caused climate change dries out parts of the planet, the need for groundwater will rise, 5 the same time, climate change may make storms much 6 (strong). Heavier rains are more likely to rush 7 (direct) into lakes and rivers than flow into soil. So there may be less groundwater. Meanwhile, human activities have 8 (pollute) groundwater in many places. Chemicals from farming or mining (采矿) flow into these aquifers. What can be 9 (do)? Reduce pollution and find ways to purify (净化) groundwater. 10 we act now, we will hardly get clean water in the future. 七、首字母填空 “Reduce, reuse, recycle” these are the three Rs that environmental activists have stressed. But how can we realize them? Recently, this idea has c 1 to life in a famous attraction in Dunhuang, Northwest China’s Gansu Province. With the arrival of the tourist season, the attraction has been c 2 with visitors around 20,000 a day since July. With so many people, the challenge of dealing with r 3 has become more serious, putting cleaners under pressure. So, the attraction came up with a fun way to help: “Trash-hunt-for-gifts.” Here’s how it works: Visitors are given trash bags and encouraged to pick up litter around the site. In r 4 they get small gifts showing Dunhuang’s rich culture. Isn’t this another good way to show the three Rs spirit? I still remember going to some tourist attractions, especially h 5 sites which have hundreds of years of history are gathered by people in such a small area. At these places, littering is something we always have to try hard to deal w 6 . Not only does it influence the cleanliness of a site, but it is also likely to harm the natural environment. So, when I saw how the “Trash-hunt-for-gifts” program was carried out, it was clear this way was more than just a trick to a 7 attention. It was truly an effort to encourage a culture of responsibility and care. The activity does more than just cleaning up the area. It changes every visitor into an environmental guard, taking part in p 8 the beauty of the site. Over 15,000 tourists have been m 9 of “the Trash-hunt-for-gifts” since 2024. Other places in China are also doing similar things. It’s great to see that tourists are not just enjoying the sights, but also helping to protect them. T 10 tourists into environmental guards is a new and exciting way to keep our scenic spots clean and beautiful for everyone to enjoy. $Unit 8 A green world 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 1、 单词默写 序号 单词 词性、词义 1 n.原因；理由 2 n.土壤 3 adj.化学品的；化学的 n.化学制品 4 n.卡车；载重汽车 5 adj.不洁净的 6 n.燃料 7 vt.&vi.倾倒，倒出；倾泻 8 adj.清澈的；晴朗的；了解清楚的 9 adj.环保的 10 vt.&vi.(使)分开；区分 11 v.回收利用 12 n.标准，水平 13 adv.有成效地 14 adj.总的 15 adj.严格的 16 vt.&n.控制 17 vt.&vi.违背；(使)破损 18 vt.&vi.惩罚 19 v.对……处以罚款 20 n.资源 21 adv.明智地 22 adv.广泛地，普遍地 23 n.管理 24 vi.&vt.投票，表决 25 n.海报 26 vt.污染 27 vt.影响 28 n.气体；汽油；天然气 29 n.海鸟 30 n.沙漠化 31 adv.几乎不，几乎没有 32 adj.供一次使用的 33 n.损坏，损失，损害 34 n.太阳能 35 adj.二手的 36 n.电池 37 adj.电子的 38 把……分成 39 用完，耗尽 40 有作用，有影响 41 依照，根据 42 太阳能 【参考答案】 序号 单词 词性、词义 1 cause n.原因；理由 2 soil n.土壤 3 chemical adj.化学品的；化学的 n.化学制品 4 truck n.卡车；载重汽车 5 unclean adj.不洁净的 6 fuel n.燃料 7 pour vt.&vi.倾倒，倒出；倾泻 8 clear adj.清澈的；晴朗的；了解清楚的 9 eco-friendly adj.环保的 10 separate vt.&vi.(使)分开；区分 11 recycle v.回收利用 12 level n.标准，水平 13 successfully adv.有成效地 14 total adj.总的 15 strict adj.严格的 16 control vt.&n.控制 17 break vt.&vi.违背；(使)破损 18 punish vt.&vi.惩罚 19 fine v.对……处以罚款 20 resource n.资源 21 wisely adv.明智地 22 widely adv.广泛地，普遍地 23 management n.管理 24 vote vi.&vt.投票，表决 25 poster n.海报 26 pollute vt.污染 27 affect vt.影响 28 gas n.气体；汽油；天然气 29 seabird n.海鸟 30 desertification n.沙漠化 31 hardly adv.几乎不，几乎没有 32 single-use adj.供一次使用的 33 damage n.损坏，损失，损害 34 solar power n.太阳能 35 second-hand adj.二手的 36 battery n.电池 37 electronic adj.电子的 38 separate...into 把……分成 39 run out 用完，耗尽 40 make a difference 有作用，有影响 41 according to 依照，根据 42 solar power 太阳能 二、短语默写 序号 汉语意思 英语短语 1 被不同的处理 2 弥漫着/充满了沙子 3 被警方罚款 4 被分成不同类别 5 被扔进/到湖泊和河流里 6 违反规定 7 购买一次性塑料用品 8 控制空气和水污染 9 砍伐 10 依靠其丰富的资源生存 11 在公共场所乱扔垃圾 12 鼓励 (人们) 骑自行车出行 13 改善/改变这种状况 14 专注于减少浪费和污染 15 遵循这些简单的步骤 16 骑自行车出行 17 践行绿色生活 18 过着幸福健康的生活 19 在应对荒漠化问题上迈出了重要一步/应对荒漠化问题上有了一个良好的开端 20 努力减少沙漠面积 21 不允许在个人护理产品中使用塑料 22 倾倒(把……倾倒) 23 通过拒绝一次性塑料袋和瓶子来减少污染 24 重复使用旧物品 25 对垃圾进行分类 26 分享某人关于……的想法 27 和他人拼车上学 28 积极参与至少一项活动 29 采取行动保护我们的地球 30 努力保持它的现状/努力保持它的原貌 31 关(闭) 32 使用更多环保清洁产品 33 使用太阳能、风能和水能 34 担心 35 增强对……的认知 36 成为全球的一个大话题 37 同时 38 绿色世界/绿色家园/一个绿色国度 39 一个拥有高山和清澈蓝色湖泊的国家 40 一场环保主题展览/环保主题秀 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【参考答案】 序号 汉语意思 英语短语 1 被不同的处理 be dealt with differently 2 弥漫着/充满了沙子 be filled with sand 3 被警方罚款 be fined by the police 4 被分成不同类别 be separated into different groups 5 被扔进/到湖泊和河流里 be thrown into lakes and rivers 6 违反规定 break rules 7 购买一次性塑料用品 buy single-use plastics 8 控制空气和水污染 control air and water pollution 9 砍伐 cut down 10 依靠其丰富的资源生存 depend on its rich resources to live 11 在公共场所乱扔垃圾 drop litter in a public place 12 鼓励 (人们) 骑自行车出行 encourage travelling by bicycle 13 改善/改变这种状况 fix this situation 14 专注于减少浪费和污染 focus on reducing waste and pollution 15 遵循这些简单的步骤 follow these simple steps 16 骑自行车出行 get around by bike 17 践行绿色生活 go green 18 过着幸福健康的生活 live happy and healthy lives live a happy and healthy life 19 在应对荒漠化问题上迈出了重要一步/应对荒漠化问题上有了一个良好的开端 made a great start in dealing with the problem of desertification 20 努力减少沙漠面积 make efforts to reduce its desert area 21 不允许在个人护理产品中使用塑料 not allow the use of plastic in personal care products 22 倾倒(把……倾倒) pour into(pour ... into) 23 通过拒绝一次性塑料袋和瓶子来减少污染 reduce pollution by saying no to single-use plastic bags and bottles 24 重复使用旧物品 reuse old things 25 对垃圾进行分类 separate our rubbish 26 分享某人关于……的想法 share one’s ideas on ... 27 和他人拼车上学 share a ride to school with others 28 积极参与至少一项活动 take an active part in at least one activity 29 采取行动保护我们的地球 take action to protect our planet 30 努力保持它的现状/努力保持它的原貌 try to keep it that way 31 关(闭) turn off 32 使用更多环保清洁产品 use more eco-friendly cleaning products 33 使用太阳能、风能和水能 use energy from the sun, wind and water 34 担心 worry about 35 增强对……的认知 become more aware of ... 36 成为全球的一个大话题 become a big topic around the world 37 同时 at the same time 38 绿色世界/绿色家园/一个绿色国度 a green world/country 39 一个拥有高山和清澈蓝色湖泊的国家 a country with high mountains and clean blue lakes 40 一场环保主题展览/环保主题秀 a show on environmental protection 词汇语境练-句子 二、单项选择 1．We can see many ________ on the wall about the activity. A．posters B．pictures C．photos D．notices 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们可以在墙上看到许多关于这次活动的海报。 posters海报；pictures图画；photos照片；notices通知。根据“on the wall about the activity”可知，墙上张贴的关于活动的物品通常是海报。应填posters。 2．If you ________ the law, you will be punished. A．break B．follow C．obey D．keep 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你违反法律，你将受到惩罚。 break违反；follow遵守；obey服从；keep保持。根据“you will be punished”可知，只有违反法律才会受到惩罚，break the law意为“违法”。 3．The school has ________ rules about environmental protection. A．strict B．loose C．free D．easy 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这所学校有严格的环保规定。 strict严格的；loose松散的；free自由的；easy容易的。根据句子结构可知，此空应填形容词修饰“rules”，结合选项可知，只有strict符合语境，表示“严格的环保规定”。 4．The doctors ________ saved the patient’s life. A．successfully B．easily C．slowly D．carefully 【答案】A 【详解】句意：医生们成功地挽救了病人的生命。 successfully成功地；easily容易地；slowly缓慢地；carefully仔细地。根据题干“saved the patient’s life”可知，挽救生命是“成功地”，应填successfully。 5．If you want to make a difference to the environment, you should start ________ small things in your daily life. A．from B．with C．in D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你想为环境做出改变，你应该从日常生活中的小事做起。 start from从……开始，强调起点；start with以……开始，强调从某事物着手开始；start in开始，后通常接地点或领域；start for动身前往，后接目的地。根据句意，“从小事做起”应用start with，表示以小事作为开始。 6．If we ________ the old toys to the recycling center, they ________ into new things. A．send; are made B．send; will be made C．will send; are made D．will send; will be made 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果我们将旧玩具送到回收中心，它们将被制成新物品。 在if引导的真实条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。从句主语为we，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词使用原形send；主句主语为they，与make之间为被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态will be made。 7．—________ can we help to keep the school clean?   —By putting rubbish in the bins. A．What B．When C．How D．Where 【答案】C 【详解】句意： ——我们如何才能帮助保持学校清洁？——通过把垃圾放进垃圾桶里。 What通常用来询问事物或内容；When通常用来询问时间；How通常用来询问方式、方法或手段；Where通常用来询问地点。根据答句“By putting rubbish in the bins” (通过把垃圾放进垃圾桶) 可知，这是在说明一种“方式”或“方法”。因此，提问时需要用疑问词How。应填How。 8．The new park rules require people to ________ their own rubbish when they leave the camping area. A．take away B．throw away C．give away D．put away 【答案】A 【详解】句意：新的公园规定要求人们离开露营区域时要带走自己的垃圾。 take away带走；throw away扔掉；give away赠送/泄露；put away收好/放好。结合公园文明规则与“离开露营区域”的语境，此处强调需要把自己的垃圾带走，应填take away。 9．—What should we do with the old mobile phones? —We can send them to a special factory to be ________, so we can reuse the useful parts. A．broken B．recycled C．separated D．punished 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 我们应该怎么处理这些旧手机？—— 我们可以把它们送到专门的工厂去回收，这样我们就能再利用有用的零件。 broken打破；recycled回收；separated分离；punished惩罚。根据后半句“so we can reuse the useful parts”，可知前半句的动作是为了再利用零件服务，应填recycled。 10．—Li Hui, do you have ________ family rules?   —Yes, I’m never allowed to stay out late on school nights. A．necessary B．careful C．strict D．serious 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——李辉，你有严格的家规吗？——是的，上学日的晚上绝不允许我在外待得很晚。 necessary必要的；careful小心的；strict严格的；serious严重的。根据答语可知家规很严格，不允许晚归。 11．Which of the following actions is NOT part of green life? A．Planting more trees in spring. B．Taking your own bags when shopping. C．Walking or riding bikes to school. D．Burning rubbish in the open air. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：以下哪个行为不属于绿色生活？ 考查常识。Planting more trees in spring.春天多种树；Taking your own bags when shopping.购物时自带袋子；Walking or riding bikes to school.步行或骑车上学；Burning rubbish in the open air.露天焚烧垃圾。根据常识，露天焚烧垃圾会产生大量有害气体，严重污染空气，不属于绿色生活。故选D。 12．    Look at the picture below. You can put some waste like ________ into the dustbin with this sign.                                                        A．food leftovers and fruit peels B．newspapers, plastic and glass C．plastic bags, fur and broken bowls D．batteries, medicines and light tubes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：看下面的图片。你可以把一些像报纸、塑料和玻璃这样的垃圾放进有这个标志的垃圾桶里。 根据垃圾分类常识，图标标志Recyclable Waste通常代表“可回收物”。newspapers, plastic and glass“报纸、塑料和玻璃”属于可回收物；food leftovers and fruit peels “食物残渣和水果皮”属于厨余垃圾；plastic bags, fur and broken bowls“塑料袋、毛皮和破碗”属于其他垃圾；batteries, medicines and light tubes“电池、药品和灯管”属于有害垃圾。 13．—Do you think Internet Plus has changed our lives? —Sure. It is ________ used in all the fields such as shopping, education, travelling, finance (金融) and so on. A．normally B．clearly C．widely D．nearly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认为互联网+改变了我们的生活吗？——当然。它被广泛地用于所有领域，例如购物、教育、旅游、金融等等。 normally通常地；clearly清晰地；widely广泛地；nearly几乎。根据“used in all the fields”及后面列举的多个领域可知，此处指应用广泛，应填widely。 14．—People must wear helmets when they ride e-bikes ________ the traffic rules. —Yes. Or they will be punished. A．according to B．thanks to C．as for D．instead of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——人们骑电动自行车时必须根据交通规则佩戴头盔。——是的，否则他们会受到惩罚。 according to根据；thanks to多亏；as for至于；instead of代替。根据“People must wear helmets when they ride e-bikes...the traffic rules.”可知，“戴头盔”是依照交通规则的要求，只有according to能体现“遵循规则”的逻辑。应填according to。 15．—Walking to school is really good for our health. —________. I walk to work every day and I feel much stronger. A．I disagree B．I agree C．I hope not D．I don’t think so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——步行上学真的对我们的健康有好处。——我同意。我每天步行去上班，而且感觉身体强壮多了。 I disagree我不同意；I agree我同意；I hope not我希望不会；I don’t think so我不这么认为。根据前后句逻辑，前者提出了“步行对健康有益”的观点，后者补充说明自己每天步行且身体变强壮了，这是对前者观点的肯定与支持。 三、补全句子 1．我们将采取行动拯救野生鸟类,以免它们被污染致死。 We _________ _________ _________ _________ _________the wild birds before they _________ _________ _________ by pollution. 【答案】 will take action to save are killed off 【详解】根据中文“将”，确定对应的英文为will；“采取行动拯救”，确定对应的固定短语为take action to save；“被……致死”，确定对应的固定短语为be killed off；句子前半部分表将来的动作，用一般将来时，will后接动词原形take；后半部分主语they是复数，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为are + 过去分词killed，kill off为固定短语，补充off；由此可知完整句子：“We will take action to save the wild birds before they are killed off by pollution.”，故依次填入①will ②take ③action ④to ⑤save ⑥are ⑦killed ⑧off 2．为了改善教室空气质量,一些简单的措施将立即被采取。 To improve classroom air quality, some simple steps ________ ________ ________ at once. 【答案】 will be taken 【详解】原句中“将被采取”是关键词。主语some simple steps与“采取”为被动关系，句子表将来，用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be+过去分词；“采取”对应动词take，其过去分词为taken。 3．中国正在努力减少沙漠面积。 China is making ________ to reduce its ________ area. 【答案】 efforts desert 【详解】原句中“努力”和“沙漠”是关键词，表示“努力”的短语是make efforts；表示“沙漠”的单词是desert，desert area表示“沙漠面积”，desert作定语修饰area。 4．在瑞士，玻璃、塑料和纸张等物品会被分成不同类别，然后回收利用。 In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are ________ into different groups and then ________. 【答案】 separated recycled 【详解】原句中“被分成”和“回收利用”是关键词，二者是and连接的并列成分，第一空， “把……分成……”用separate…into…表达，separate是动词，和主语之间具有被动关系，用被动语态，被动语态的结构是“be+动词的过去分词”，separate的过去分词是separated；第二空， “回收利用”用recycle表达，和空前的separated是并列成分，因此，此处也要用recycle的过去分词recycled。 5．与其立刻向别人求助，我们可以先试着自己解决这道数学题。（完成译句） ________ ________ asking others for help right away, we could ________ ________ ________ the maths problem by ourselves first. 【答案】 Instead of try to solve 【详解】原句中“与其”、“试着解决”是关键词。此处可用短语是instead of表示“与其”，instead of原本意为“代替，而不是”，此处表示先自己尝试解决问题，而不是立刻向别人求助，句首单词首字母需大写；“试着做某事”用try to do sth.，情态动词could后接动词原形；“解决”用solve，置于动词不定式符号to之后。 6．任何人连续驾驶超过四小时不休息都是很危险的。 It’s dangerous for anyone to drive for over four hours without ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 taking a break 【详解】原句中“休息”是关键词，表示“休息”的英文是take a break，是动词短语。without为介词，后接动名词taking。 7．他看见一个坏人闯入邻居家，便匆忙拨打110报了警。 He saw a bad man ________ ________ his neighbour’s house and called the police at 110 in a hurry. 【答案】 break into 【详解】原句中“闯入”是关键信息，表示“闯入”的英文短语是break into。see sb. do sth.意为“看见某人做某事”，强调动作的全过程，此处用动词原形。 8．我们学校如何在废物管理方面做得更好？ How can our school do ________ in waste ________? 【答案】 better management 【详解】原句中“做得更好”对应的英文是“do better”，“废物管理”对应的英文短语是“waste management”。故填better；management。 9．这家工厂因为污染河流而被罚款。   The factory ________ ________ for polluting the river. 【答案】 was fined 【详解】原句中“被罚款”是关键词。句子主语“工厂”是“罚款”这个动作的承受者，需要用被动语态；这件事是已经发生的过去事件，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。主语“The factory”是单数，be动词用was，动词fine“罚款”的过去分词是fined。 10．我们把垃圾分成不同的类别，比如塑料和纸张。   We ________ the waste ________ different groups, such as plastic and paper. 【答案】 separate into 【详解】原句中“把……分成……”是关键，固定搭配separate…into…的一部分，into用来表示 “把一个整体拆分、划分成多个部分” 的结果，是该结构的必配介词。 四 、请根据句子意思，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每个单词限用一次。      empty   care   simple   pick   divide   follow   set   lucky   deal   clean 1．Our teacher the students into 5 groups to do the river cleanup work last Friday. 2．Everyone should the new rules of environmental protection, no matter how old you are. 3．We can up the rubbish along the road when we go for a walk after dinner. 4． , we found a lot of volunteers to help us with the community recycling activity. 5．The government has up a special team to deal with the white pollution in the city. 6．We can do some things in our daily life to protect the environment, like turning off the lights. 7．If you don’t know how to with the old books, you can give them to the school library. 8．We should for the wild plants and animals when we go hiking in the mountains. 9．The workers will the polluted river in this area next month. 10．You can put the old newspapers into the box and take them to the recycling station. 【答案】 1．divided 2．follow 3．pick 4．Luckily 5．set 6．simple 7．deal 8．care 9．clean 10．empty 【解析】1．句意：上周五我们老师把学生分成5组做河流清理工作。根据时间状语“last Friday”可知，用一般过去时，备选词divide表示“分开”，divide…into…为固定搭配，过去式divided，符合语境。 2．句意：无论年龄大小，每个人都应该遵守新的环保规定。情态动词“should”后接动词原形，备选词follow表示“遵守”，follow the rules为固定搭配，符合语境。 3．句意：晚饭后散步时我们可以沿路捡垃圾。情态动词“can”后接动词原形，pick up为固定短语表示“捡起”，备选词pick符合语境。 4．句意：幸运的是，我们找到很多志愿者帮忙社区回收活动。空格位于句首修饰整个句子，需用副词，备选词lucky变为副词Luckily表示“幸运地”，句首大写，符合语境。 5．句意：政府已成立专门小组处理城市白色污染。has后接过去分词构成现在完成时，set up为固定短语表示“成立”，set的过去分词仍是set，符合语境。 6．句意：我们在日常生活中可以做些简单的事保护环境，比如关灯。空格修饰名词“things”，需用形容词，备选词simple表示“简单的”，符合语境。 7．句意：如果你不知道如何处理旧书，可以捐给学校图书馆。deal with为固定短语表示 “处理”，疑问词+to do结构，备选词deal符合语境。 8．句意：在山里徒步时我们应该爱护野生动植物。情态动词should后接动词原形，care for为固定短语表示“关心、照顾”，备选词care符合语境。 9．句意：工人们下个月将清理这个地区被污染的河流。will后接动词原形，备选词clean表示“清理”，clean the river符合语境。 10．句意：你可以把旧报纸放进空盒子里，带到回收站。空格修饰名词“box”，需用形容词，备选词empty表示“空的”，符合语境。 词汇语境练-语篇 五、完形填空 Ever since “Mother Nature” gave me life, I have expected to grow tall and big. As a young 1 , I was well protected in the forest.I used to 2 a good time with my friends under the blue sky and 3 the river. Our only purpose was to stand high. My pal Tim often said,” All I ask for is to be 4 the whole day.” More than 300 days passed and we grew straight. Until one day, our 5 birthday, people came and moved us from the 6 and put us on their trucks. “I don’t want to go!” Tim cried. After a long journey, we arrived in a completely different place with 7 green. Here we were planted in a line. Because the wind blew 8 , I could not even open my eyes to see Tim 9 beside me. So we needed enough 10 to grow thicker and higher to stop the wind. As time went by, we finally 11 much stronger. I could keep my eyes open in the wind! I even found the blue sky was back! This was no longer the no-man’s land, and hundreds of visitors came here. A man took a picture of us with his 12 , “Thank you. We can enjoy clear days 13 worrying about sandstorms.” A young girl jumping up and down came over and 14 me. “Thank you,” she said. “It’s you that have turned the desert into the green land!” Tim and I smiled at each other, feeling 15 . The sun was shining brightly in the bluer sky. 1．A．tree B．fish C．girl D．boy 2．A．choose B．forget C．have D．miss 3．A．in B．along C．on D．under 4．A．smart B．happy C．busy D．thin 5．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 6．A．beach B．lake C．house D．earth 7．A．all B．nothing C．anything D．everything 8．A．slowly B．quickly C．strongly D．quietly 9．A．clearly B．greatly C．kindly D．widely 10．A．desert B．wind C．sand D．water 11．A．became B．smelt C．sounded D．remained 12．A．radio B．keyboard C．backpack D．camera 13．A．from B．about C．without D．of 14．A．asked B．hugged C．invited D．kicked 15．A．tired B．bored C．proud D．surprised 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文以第一人称讲述了“我”（一棵小树苗）从森林被移栽到沙漠，最终成长为大树、帮助沙漠变绿洲，并获得人们感谢的故事。 1．句意：我是森林里被精心保护的一棵小树苗。 tree树；fish鱼；girl女孩；boy男孩。根据后文“Tim and I smiled at each other”及“we were planted”可知，“我”是一棵树苗。故选A。 2．句意：我过去常常和朋友们在蓝天下度过美好时光，还沿着河边玩耍。 choose选择；forget忘记；have有；miss想念。根据“a good time”可知，此处是固定搭配“have a good time（玩得开心）”。故选C。 3．句意：我过去常常和朋友们在蓝天下度过美好时光，还沿着河边玩耍。 in在……里；along沿着；on在……上；under在……下。根据“the river”可知，此处表示“沿着河边”，用along。故选B。 4．句意：我总是要求一整天都保持开心。 smart聪明的；happy开心的；busy忙碌的；thin瘦的。根据前文“stand high”和“play along the river”等描述，树苗想一直开心，对应“开心的”。故选B。 5．句意：直到有一天，在我们的第一个生日时，人们把我们从泥土里移出来，放到了卡车上。 first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。根据前文“More than 300 days passed”可知，300多天约是第一个生日（按树苗“生日”为种植日算）。故选A。 6．句意：直到有一天，在我们的第五个生日时，人们把我们从泥土里移出来，放到了卡车上。 beach沙滩；lake湖；house房子；earth泥土。根据“we were planted”可知，树苗原本是种在泥土里的，所以是从“泥土”中移出。故选D。 7．句意：长途旅行后，我们到达了一个完全不同的地方，这里什么都没有。 all所有；nothing没有什么；anything任何事物；everything一切。根据后文“this was a desert”可知，沙漠里最初是荒芜的，对应“nothing”。故选B。 8．句意：我们被排成一排种植，因为风刮得很猛烈，我们需要一起阻止风。 slowly缓慢地；quickly快速地；strongly猛烈地；quietly安静地。根据“stop the wind”可知，风的强度很大，所以用“strongly”形容风势。故选C。 9．句意：我们甚至不能睁开眼睛看我们周围的地方。 clearly清晰地；greatly极大地；kindly友好地；widely广泛地。根据“the wind blew so strongly”可知，大风导致无法“清晰地”看周围。故选A。 10．句意：这里的土壤不够湿润，无法让我们长得更高更壮。 desert沙漠；wind风；sand沙子；water水。根据“grow thicker and higher”可知，植物生长需要水分，此处指土壤“水分”不足。故选D。 11．句意：这不再是原来的沙漠了，我可以在风中睁大眼睛！ became变成；smelt闻起来；sounded听起来；remained保持。根据“turned the desert into the green land”可知，沙漠“变成”了绿洲。故选A。 12．句意：我甚至发现有人用相机给蓝天拍照！ radio收音机；keyboard键盘；backpack背包；camera相机。根据“take a picture”可知，拍照需要用“相机”。故选D。 13．句意：我们可以享受晴朗的日子，不用再担心沙尘暴了。 from从；about关于；without没有；of……的。根据“worrying about”可知，此处是搭配“without”表示不用担心。故选C。 14．句意：一个小女孩跳着过来拥抱了我。 asked询问；hugged拥抱；invited邀请；kicked踢。根据“Thank you”可知，女孩展现友好的动作，“拥抱”符合语境。故选B。 15．句意：蒂姆和我相视一笑，感到很自豪。 tired疲惫的；bored无聊的；proud自豪的；surprised惊讶的。根据“turned the desert into the green land”和“Thank you”可知，树苗帮助了沙漠变绿，获得感谢后会感到“自豪”。故选C。 六、短文填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Only about 2.5 per cent of the earth’s water is freshwater. Of that, nearly 70 per cent is frozen in huge and 1 (peace) glaciers and ice caps (冰川和冰冠). About 30 per cent is groundwater, which is important for human 2 (develop) and daily life. It hides under mountains, plains and even deserts, and is called aquifers (含水层). Groundwater is 3 important part of earth’s water cycle. Some groundwater naturally rises and 4 (pour) out onto earth’s surface through springs (泉). In fact, we use 200 times more groundwater than oil. As human-caused climate change dries out parts of the planet, the need for groundwater will rise, 5 the same time, climate change may make storms much 6 (strong). Heavier rains are more likely to rush 7 (direct) into lakes and rivers than flow into soil. So there may be less groundwater. Meanwhile, human activities have 8 (pollute) groundwater in many places. Chemicals from farming or mining (采矿) flow into these aquifers. What can be 9 (do)? Reduce pollution and find ways to purify (净化) groundwater. 10 we act now, we will hardly get clean water in the future. 【答案】 1．peaceful 2．development 3．an 4．pours 5．at 6．stronger 7．directly 8．polluted 9．done 10．Unless 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地下水资源的重要性，指出其正受气候变化与人类活动的威胁，呼吁尽早行动保护地下水。 1．句意:其中近70%冻结在广袤静谧的冰川和冰冠之中。and连接两个并列的成分，huge为形容词，意为“巨大的”，peace为名词，形容词形式为peaceful。 2．句意:约30%的淡水是地下水，它对人类发展和日常生活至关重要。for是介词，介词后需要接名词性成分作宾语。develop“发展”，动词，名词形式为development。 3．句意:地下水是地球水循环的一个重要组成部分。“important”以元音音素/ɪ/开头，此处表示“一个重要组成部分”，用不定冠词an。 4．句意:部分地下水会自然抬升，经由泉涌流到地球表面。and连接并列谓语，和rises一致，用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，pour第三人称单数形式为pours。 5．句意:人类活动引发的气候变化导致地球部分地区不断干旱，人类对地下水的需求会随之上升；与此同时，气候变化也会让风暴变得更强。空格前提出“人为导致的气候变化让地球部分区域变得干旱人类对地下水的需求会上升”，空格后要讲气候变化带来的另一个同步发生的负面影响，at the same time意为“与此同时”，固定搭配，承接了上文“需求上升”的变化，又引出了下文同时发生的负面情况。 6．句意:人类活动引发的气候变化导致地球部分地区不断干旱，人类对地下水的需求会随之上升；与此同时，气候变化也会让风暴变得更强。much后接形容词比较级，此处指“气候变化会让风暴更强”，strong的比较级stronger。 7．句意:强降雨更可能直接地涌入河湖，而非渗入土壤。此处需要副词修饰动词rush，direct“直接的”，形容词，副词形式directly表示“直接地”，符合语义。 8．句意:与此同时，人类活动已经在很多区域污染了地下水。由助动词“have”可知，句子的时态为现在完成时，其结构为：have/has+过去分词，表示过去发生的动作，对现在造成的结果，本文这里说人类活动污染地下水，是从过去到现在已经发生的情况，对现在的结果就是“如今很多区域地下水已经被污染”，pollute“污染”，动词，过去分词为polluted。 9．句意:我们能做些什么呢？主语What和动词do之间是被动关系，本句是情态动词的被动语态，其结构为：情态动词+be+ 过去分词，do的过去分词done。 10．句意:除非我们现在就行动，否则未来我们几乎不可能获得干净的水资源。根据“…we act now, we will hardly get clean water in the future.”可知，后半句“未来我们几乎不会获得干净的水”是结果，前半句“我们现在就行动”是条件，因此用unless引导条件状语从句，句子首字母大写。 七、首字母填空 “Reduce, reuse, recycle” these are the three Rs that environmental activists have stressed. But how can we realize them? Recently, this idea has c 1 to life in a famous attraction in Dunhuang, Northwest China’s Gansu Province. With the arrival of the tourist season, the attraction has been c 2 with visitors around 20,000 a day since July. With so many people, the challenge of dealing with r 3 has become more serious, putting cleaners under pressure. So, the attraction came up with a fun way to help: “Trash-hunt-for-gifts.” Here’s how it works: Visitors are given trash bags and encouraged to pick up litter around the site. In r 4 they get small gifts showing Dunhuang’s rich culture. Isn’t this another good way to show the three Rs spirit? I still remember going to some tourist attractions, especially h 5 sites which have hundreds of years of history are gathered by people in such a small area. At these places, littering is something we always have to try hard to deal w 6 . Not only does it influence the cleanliness of a site, but it is also likely to harm the natural environment. So, when I saw how the “Trash-hunt-for-gifts” program was carried out, it was clear this way was more than just a trick to a 7 attention. It was truly an effort to encourage a culture of responsibility and care. The activity does more than just cleaning up the area. It changes every visitor into an environmental guard, taking part in p 8 the beauty of the site. Over 15,000 tourists have been m 9 of “the Trash-hunt-for-gifts” since 2024. Other places in China are also doing similar things. It’s great to see that tourists are not just enjoying the sights, but also helping to protect them. T 10 tourists into environmental guards is a new and exciting way to keep our scenic spots clean and beautiful for everyone to enjoy. 【答案】 1．come/ome 2．crowded/rowded 3．rubbish/ubbish 4．return/eturn 5．historical/istorical/historic/istoric 6．with/ith 7．attract/ttract 8．protecting/rotecting 9．members/embers 10．Turning/urning 【导语】本文主要讲述了甘肃敦煌某著名景点推出的“捡垃圾换礼品”活动。 1．句意：最近，这一理念在中国西北甘肃省敦煌的一处著名景点中成为了现实。固定搭配come to life意为“成为现实、生动起来”，结合时间状语Recently及助动词has，需用现在完成时，come的过去分词为come，首字母c对应come。 2．句意：随着旅游季的到来，自7月以来，该景点每天都挤满了约2万名游客。固定搭配be crowded with意为“挤满、充满”，符合旅游季游客众多的语境。此处为现在完成时的被动结构“has been crowded with”，首字母c对应crowded。 3．句意：如此多的游客使得垃圾处理的挑战愈发严峻，给清洁人员带来了压力。结合前文“litter(垃圾)”、“cleaners(清洁人员)” 等语境，此处指“垃圾”，首字母r对应rubbish，不可数名词，表示泛指。 4．句意：作为回报，他们会获得展现敦煌丰富文化的小礼品。固定搭配in return意为“作为回报”，对应前文游客捡垃圾、景区送礼品的逻辑，首字母r对应return。 5．句意：我仍记得去过的一些旅游景点，尤其是那些有着数百年历史、人群在狭小区域聚集的历史遗迹。空格后“sites which have hundreds of years of history(有数百年历史的遗址)”提示此处为“历史的”，需用形容词修饰名词sites，首字母h对应historical或historic，表示“历史悠久的”。 6．句意：在这些地方，乱扔垃圾是我们一直要努力应对的问题。固定搭配deal with意为“处理、应对”，首字母w对应with。 7．句意：当我看到“捡垃圾换礼品”活动的开展时，很明显这种方式不仅仅是吸引注意力的噱头。固定搭配attract attention意为“吸引注意力”，不定式符号to后接动词原形，首字母a对应attract。 8．句意：它将每一位游客都转变为环保卫士，参与保护景点的美景。固定搭配take part in doing sth.意为“参与做某事”，in后接动名词；结合“环保卫士”、“美景”的语境，此处为“保护”，首字母p对应protecting。 9．句意：自2024年以来，已有超过1.5万名游客参与了“捡垃圾换礼品”活动。固定搭配be members of意为“成为……的参与者/成员”，主语“Over 15,000 tourists”为复数，首字母m对应members。 10．句意：将游客转变为环保卫士，是一种全新且令人振奋的方式，让我们的景区保持干净美丽，供所有人欣赏。空处作句子主语，需用动名词形式；结合前文“changes every visitor into an environmental guard”的语境，此处为“转变”，固定搭配turn...into...表示“把……转变为……”。故填Turning。 $