Unit 8 Imagine that!（重难词汇精练）英语新教材沪教版八年级下册

Unit 8 Imagine that! 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 v. 提到；说道 v. 拒绝 adv. 在今夜；在今晚 n. 紧急情况 adj. 受惊的；害怕的 n. 照相机 n. 咽喉；喉咙 n. 帐篷 v. 咳嗽 adj. 不需要的；不必要的 n. 害怕；惧怕 conj. 是否 n. 生物 adv. 朝反方向；倒着 adj. 丑陋的；难看的 v. 使失望 adj. 不理智的；疯狂的 v. 争吵；争辩 短语 保持安静 不同意；不一致 因为 四处走动 恐惧地 向四面八方 同意；和......意见一致 加速 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. frightened——__________（v.）使惊吓，使惊恐 2. fear——__________（adj.）害怕的 3. unnecessary——__________（反义词）必需的 4. disappoint——__________（adj.）失望的 5. argue——_________（n.）争吵，争辩 词汇语境练-句子 三、单项选择 1. Don’t ______ that you saw me at the party—I wasn’t there. A. mention B. tent C. camera D. fear 2. We are planning to watch a movie ______. A. throat B. tonight C. cough D. tent 3. The ______ little dog hid behind the sofa when the thunder boomed. A. ugly B. frightened C. crazy D. unnecessary 4. I have a sore ______ and can’t speak clearly today. A. throat B. creature C. emergency D. camera 5. Please cover your mouth when you ______ in public. A. refuse B. disappoint C. cough D. argue 6. She felt a sudden ______ of spiders when she saw one in the corner. A. fear B. tent C. camera D. backward 7. The ______ in the forest documentary looked strange and amazing. A. creature B. whether C. emergency D. cough 8. The ______ duckling thought he was the ugliest bird in the pond. A. frightened B. ugly C. crazy D. unnecessary 9. He is ______ about playing computer games and stays up all night. A. crazy B. tent C. mention D. throat 10. She ______ to go to the party because she had too much homework. A. refused B. disappoint C. whether D. backward 四、根据汉语提示填空 1. I will __________ (拒绝；回绝) to copy others’ homework, because it is dishonest. 2. I don’t know __________ (是否) my parents will agree to let me join the summer camp. 3. Don’t __________ (使失望) your teachers by not finishing your homework on time. 4. We are going to see a movie __________ (在今夜；在今晚). 5. Please don’t __________ (提到；说到) my mistake in front of the whole class. 6. It’s __________ (不理智的；疯狂的) to stay up all night playing computer games before exams. 7. My father bought a new __________ (照相机) to take photos during our trip. 8. My sister and I never __________ (争吵；争辩) about small things anymore. 9. It is __________ (不需要的；不必要的) to take too many clothes for a one-day trip. 10. She has a great __________ (害怕；惧怕) of dogs, so she always keeps away from them. 五、根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。 ugly, frightened, cough, camera, fear, whether, creature, backward A Camp Story Last weekend, I went camping with my family. One night, I heard a strange noise outside the tent. I felt 1 and held my mom’s hand tightly. I was full of 2 that there might be a dangerous 3 nearby. I even imagined it was big and 4 , with sharp teeth. My dad grabbed his 5 and went out to check. We didn’t know 6 it was an animal or just the wind. Finally, he laughed and told us it was only a little fox. We all felt relieved. That night taught me not to let fear control my mind. 词汇语境练-语篇 六、语法填空 Chinese scientists are working on a special project: making “moon bricks (砖头)” from moon soil. It is 1 (difficult) than building on Earth because of the extreme (极端) environment. There is no air, and the temperature changes a lot from very hot to very cold. These conditions make building on the moon very hard. Since carrying materials into space costs too much, using local soil is 2 wise choice. Moon soil can be turned into strong bricks, which may help solve this problem. Two months ago, the first “moon brick” 3 (produce) in a lab. This was an important achievement. 4 (scientist) believe these bricks will be used to build houses for future astronauts. These houses may help protect astronauts from danger and give them a safe place to live. They hope the moon will become our 5 (two) home one day. 6 (luck), the new bricks can stand high pressure. They can handle big temperature changes and strong winds on the moon. The team is now trying 7 (improve) the design. They want to make the bricks lighter and easier to carry. This project is not just about science, 8 also about human dreams. People have always looked at the moon and wondered about it. 9 the help of these bricks, we might live on the moon in the future. It will take many years of hard work. I believe the 10 (succeed) of this project will surprise the whole world. One day, we might all be neighbors on the moon. 七、完形填空 Modern cities seem to grow larger and larger. Sometimes people 1 drive or take underground rides to work, exercise or have fun. Many people are now considering what our world would be like in the future. In recent years, a group of architects (建筑师) from the Republic of Korea have 2 a “10-minute city”. They will design a city 3 many functional (功能性的) areas, including living areas, study rooms, offices and entertainment areas. With only a 10-minute walk, people can 4 all these places. The idea of such a city is not 5 . About 10 years ago, French professor Carlos Moreno put forward the “15-minute city” idea. Moreno noticed that with a lot of cars running in cities, people spend 6 time getting around. He said that his “15-minute city” would change that and offer a 7 life with shorter distances (距离). Obviously, most people are interested in the idea because they are hoping for a 8 life, with more facilities around their communities. But not everyone agrees with the idea. Some people worry that such cities will face further pressure in the best area and may 9 high house prices. “Maybe it is time to 10 another choice,” some people said. What do you think? 1. A. want to B. hope to C. have to D. refuse to 2. A. built B. planned C. finished D. continued 3. A. as B. against C. around D. with 4. A. reach B. leave C. arrive D. get 5. A. hard B. new C. amazing D. smart 6. A. the best B. too little C. the most D. too much 7. A. further B. longer C. better D. stronger 8. A. convenient B. expensive C. interesting D. popular 9. A. put up B. take away C. lead to D. cut down 10. A. forget about B. worry about C. think about D. write about $Unit 8 Imagine that! 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 mention v. 提到；说道 refuse v. 拒绝 tonight adv. 在今夜；在今晚 emergency n. 紧急情况 frightened adj. 受惊的；害怕的 camera n. 照相机 throat n. 咽喉；喉咙 tent n. 帐篷 cough v. 咳嗽 unnecessary adj. 不需要的；不必要的 fear n. 害怕；惧怕 whether conj. 是否 *creature n. 生物 backward adv. 朝反方向；倒着 ugly adj. 丑陋的；难看的 disappoint v. 使失望 crazy adj. 不理智的；疯狂的 argue v. 争吵；争辩 短语 keep quiet 保持安静 disagree with 不同意；不一致 because of 因为 move about 四处走动 in fear 恐惧地 in all directions 向四面八方 agree with 同意；和......意见一致 speed up 加速 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. frightened——__________（v.）使惊吓，使惊恐 2. fear——__________（adj.）害怕的 3. unnecessary——__________（反义词）必需的 4. disappoint——__________（adj.）失望的 5. argue——_________（n.）争吵，争辩 【答案】1. frighten 2. fearful 3. necessary 4. disappointed 5. argument 词汇语境练-句子 三、单项选择 1. Don’t ______ that you saw me at the party—I wasn’t there. A. mention B. tent C. camera D. fear 2. We are planning to watch a movie ______. A. throat B. tonight C. cough D. tent 3. The ______ little dog hid behind the sofa when the thunder boomed. A. ugly B. frightened C. crazy D. unnecessary 4. I have a sore ______ and can’t speak clearly today. A. throat B. creature C. emergency D. camera 5. Please cover your mouth when you ______ in public. A. refuse B. disappoint C. cough D. argue 6. She felt a sudden ______ of spiders when she saw one in the corner. A. fear B. tent C. camera D. backward 7. The ______ in the forest documentary looked strange and amazing. A. creature B. whether C. emergency D. cough 8. The ______ duckling thought he was the ugliest bird in the pond. A. frightened B. ugly C. crazy D. unnecessary 9. He is ______ about playing computer games and stays up all night. A. crazy B. tent C. mention D. throat 10. She ______ to go to the party because she had too much homework. A. refused B. disappoint C. whether D. backward 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. A 四、根据汉语提示填空 1. I will __________ (拒绝；回绝) to copy others’ homework, because it is dishonest. 2. I don’t know __________ (是否) my parents will agree to let me join the summer camp. 3. Don’t __________ (使失望) your teachers by not finishing your homework on time. 4. We are going to see a movie __________ (在今夜；在今晚). 5. Please don’t __________ (提到；说到) my mistake in front of the whole class. 6. It’s __________ (不理智的；疯狂的) to stay up all night playing computer games before exams. 7. My father bought a new __________ (照相机) to take photos during our trip. 8. My sister and I never __________ (争吵；争辩) about small things anymore. 9. It is __________ (不需要的；不必要的) to take too many clothes for a one-day trip. 10. She has a great __________ (害怕；惧怕) of dogs, so she always keeps away from them. 【答案】1. refuse 2. whether 3. disappoint 4. tonight 5. mention 6. crazy 7. camera 8. argue 9. unnecessary 10. fear 五、根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。 ugly, frightened, cough, camera, fear, whether, creature, backward A Camp Story Last weekend, I went camping with my family. One night, I heard a strange noise outside the tent. I felt 1 and held my mom’s hand tightly. I was full of 2 that there might be a dangerous 3 nearby. I even imagined it was big and 4 , with sharp teeth. My dad grabbed his 5 and went out to check. We didn’t know 6 it was an animal or just the wind. Finally, he laughed and told us it was only a little fox. We all felt relieved. That night taught me not to let fear control my mind. 【答案】1. frightened 2. fear 3. creature 4. ugly 5. camera 6. whether 词汇语境练-语篇 六、语法填空 Chinese scientists are working on a special project: making “moon bricks (砖头)” from moon soil. It is 1 (difficult) than building on Earth because of the extreme (极端) environment. There is no air, and the temperature changes a lot from very hot to very cold. These conditions make building on the moon very hard. Since carrying materials into space costs too much, using local soil is 2 wise choice. Moon soil can be turned into strong bricks, which may help solve this problem. Two months ago, the first “moon brick” 3 (produce) in a lab. This was an important achievement. 4 (scientist) believe these bricks will be used to build houses for future astronauts. These houses may help protect astronauts from danger and give them a safe place to live. They hope the moon will become our 5 (two) home one day. 6 (luck), the new bricks can stand high pressure. They can handle big temperature changes and strong winds on the moon. The team is now trying 7 (improve) the design. They want to make the bricks lighter and easier to carry. This project is not just about science, 8 also about human dreams. People have always looked at the moon and wondered about it. 9 the help of these bricks, we might live on the moon in the future. It will take many years of hard work. I believe the 10 (succeed) of this project will surprise the whole world. One day, we might all be neighbors on the moon. 【答案】1．more difficult 2．a 3．was produced 4．Scientists 5．second 6．Luckily 7．to improve 8．but 9．With 10．success 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国科学家开展的“月球砖”特殊项目，阐述了在月球上建造建筑的难度、利用月球土壤制砖的原因、项目的成果与意义，以及该项目对人类未来登月梦想的推动作用。 1．句意：由于极端的环境，这比在地球上建造更困难。由“than”可知要用比较级，difficult是多音节形容词，比较级为more difficult。 2．句意：由于将材料运入太空成本太高，使用当地的土壤是一个明智的选择。choice是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个明智的选择”，且wise以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。 3．句意：两个月前，第一块“月球砖”在实验室中被制造出来。主语“the first ‘moon brick’”与produce是被动关系，且“Two months ago”是一般过去时的标志词，一般过去时被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。主语为单数，be动词用was，produce的过去分词为produced。 4．句意：科学家们认为这些砖将被用于为未来的宇航员建造房屋。谓语动词believe是原形，说明主语为复数；scientist的复数形式是scientists，位于句首首字母需大写。 5．句意：他们希望有一天月球会成为我们的第二个家园。此处表示“第二个家园”，强调顺序，需用序数词；two的序数词形式是second。 6．句意：幸运的是，这种新砖能承受高压。此处修饰整个句子，要用副词，luck的副词形式是luckily，位于句首首字母应大写。 7．句意：这个团队现在正在努力改进设计。try to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“努力做某事”，此处需用动词不定式作宾语。 8．句意：这个项目不仅仅关乎科学，也关乎人类的梦想。not just...but also...是固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”。 9．句意：在这些砖的帮助下，我们未来可能会住在月球上。with the help of是固定短语，意为“在……的帮助下”，位于句首首字母需大写。 10．句意：我相信这个项目的成功会震惊全世界。定冠词the后接名词，succeed的名词形式是success，此处表示特指这个项目的成功，用单数即可。 七、完形填空 Modern cities seem to grow larger and larger. Sometimes people 1 drive or take underground rides to work, exercise or have fun. Many people are now considering what our world would be like in the future. In recent years, a group of architects (建筑师) from the Republic of Korea have 2 a “10-minute city”. They will design a city 3 many functional (功能性的) areas, including living areas, study rooms, offices and entertainment areas. With only a 10-minute walk, people can 4 all these places. The idea of such a city is not 5 . About 10 years ago, French professor Carlos Moreno put forward the “15-minute city” idea. Moreno noticed that with a lot of cars running in cities, people spend 6 time getting around. He said that his “15-minute city” would change that and offer a 7 life with shorter distances (距离). Obviously, most people are interested in the idea because they are hoping for a 8 life, with more facilities around their communities. But not everyone agrees with the idea. Some people worry that such cities will face further pressure in the best area and may 9 high house prices. “Maybe it is time to 10 another choice,” some people said. What do you think? 1. A. want to B. hope to C. have to D. refuse to 2. A. built B. planned C. finished D. continued 3. A. as B. against C. around D. with 4. A. reach B. leave C. arrive D. get 5. A. hard B. new C. amazing D. smart 6. A. the best B. too little C. the most D. too much 7. A. further B. longer C. better D. stronger 8. A. convenient B. expensive C. interesting D. popular 9. A. put up B. take away C. lead to D. cut down 10. A. forget about B. worry about C. think about D. write about 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. C 【导语】本文主要介绍了针对现代城市规模越来越大、人们通勤出行成本高的问题，韩国建筑师提出了“十分钟城市”概念——即将各类功能区整合，人们步行十分钟即可到达所有目的地；该理念并非全新，源自十年前法国教授提出的“十五分钟城市”构想。大部分民众看好这种能带来更便利生活的城市模式，但也有人担忧它会推高核心区域房价，呼吁考虑其他替代方案。 1. 句意：如今人们不得不开车或是乘坐地铁去上班、锻炼或是休闲娱乐。 城市变大，客观上人们不得不开车/乘地铁出行，want to想要，hope to希望，refuse to拒绝，只有have to符合语境。 2. 句意：近年来，一群韩国建筑师规划出了“10分钟城市”的概念。 由后文“They will design”可知这个城市还没建成，建筑师只是做了规划，built建造，finished完成，continued继续，planned符合上下文逻辑。 3. 句意：他们会设计一座带有多个功能区的城市，功能区涵盖居住区、学习区、办公区和娱乐区。 此处表示“拥有多个功能区的城市”，介词with表示“带有，有”，符合结构。 4. 句意：只需要步行10分钟，人们就可以抵达所有这些场所。 此处表示“到达所有这些地方”，arrive和get都是不及物动词，加地点需要介词（arrive at/in，get to），leave（离开）不符合语义，reach是及物动词，可直接接地点。 5. 句意：这类短途城市的构想其实并不新鲜。 后文说10年前就有类似的“15分钟城市”想法，说明这个想法并不新。 6. 句意：莫雷诺发现，随着城市里汽车越来越多，人们花在通勤出行上的时间已经太多。 城市车辆多，人们出行要花费“太多”时间，time是不可数名词，too much修饰不可数名词，符合语境。 7. 句意：他提出的“15分钟城市”可以改变这个现状，凭借更短的出行距离，带来更优质的生活。 缩短出行距离后，会给人们提供“更好的”生活，只有better符合语义。 8. 句意：显然，大多数人都对这个构想很感兴趣，因为人们都渴望拥有更便捷的生活，社区周边就能配齐各类生活设施。 社区周边就有所有需要的设施，自然是“更方便的”生活，convenient表示方便的，符合。 9. 句意：有人担心，这类城市会让核心优质地段承受更大的压力，还可能导致房价上涨。 好区域的压力会“导致”房价升高，lead to是固定短语，意思是“导致”，符合逻辑。 10. 句意：有人表示：“或许是时候考虑另一种选择了”。 有人不认可这个想法，所以认为是时候“考虑”另一个选择了，think about表示考虑，符合语境。 $