Unit 3 Food matters 单元核心知识点精讲精练3(Developing ideas)-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册新教材外研版

Unit 3 Food matters 核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Developing ideas) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Developing ideas包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空，单项填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空或语篇填空等)。 1、 单元重点短语集锦 1. the importance of …… 的重要性 2. a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 3. different kinds of food 不同种类的食物 4. in modern times 在现代；当今 5. put forward 提出 6. be good for 对…… 有益 7. more than 多于；超过；不仅仅 8. junk food 垃圾食品 9. be high in 富含…；… 含量高 10. as many fruit and vegetable as possible 尽可能多的水果和蔬菜 11. too much 太多 12. in fact 事实上；实际上 13. across borders 跨越国界 14. see...as... 把… 看作…；认为… 是… 15. ice cream 冰淇淋 16. a Western dessert 一种西式甜点 17. sweet treat 甜品 18. folk tales 民间故事 19. suffer from 遭受；患有（疾病等） 20. all the way back 全程，一直 21. compare...to... 把...比作... 22. a symbol of …的象征 23. look more like 看起来更像 24. twin brother 双胞胎兄弟 25. a bridge between cultures 文化之间的桥梁 26. add to 增加；增添 2、 单元重点词汇解析 1. diet /ˈdaɪət/ n. 日常饮食，日常食物 [词汇拓展] dietary(adj.)饮食的 [词汇搭配] a balanced diet均衡的饮食；a low-fat, salt-free diet 低脂肪无盐的饮食 be on a diet 节食 [词汇例句] As we know, it’s important to keep a balanced diet. 众所周知，保持均衡的饮食很重要。 [随学随练] 单项填空 To lose weight healthily, we need a proper way to manage our ________ and do exercise. A．diet B．power C．time D．exercise 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了健康减肥，我们需要用正确的方式管理饮食并进行锻炼。 考查名词辨析。diet饮食；power力量；time时间；exercise锻炼。根据“To lose weight healthily, we need a proper way to manage our...and do exercise.”可知，健康减肥的关键是管理饮食和锻炼。故选A。 2. salad /ˈsæləd/ n. 蔬菜沙拉 [词汇搭配] green salad生菜沙拉，蔬菜沙拉；a chicken and cabbage salad一份鸡肉白菜沙拉 [词汇用法] · salad表示整体时，指“一份沙拉”，是可数名词；表示食物时(食用时被分割开了)，是不可数名词。 ice cream；cake也是类似用法。 All main courses come with salad or vegetables. 所有主菜都配有色拉或蔬菜。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Today is Bill’s birthday. Let’s have ________. A．strawberries and salad B．strawberries and salads C．strawberry and salad D．strawberry and salads 【答案】A 【详解】句意:今天是比尔的生日。我们吃草莓和沙拉吧。 考查可数名词和不可数名词。strawberry草莓，是可数名词，此处应用复数表示类别;salad沙拉，表示食物时是不可数名词。故选A。 3. snack /snæk/ n. (正餐以外的) 小吃，点心 [词汇拓展] dessert(n.)甜点 [词汇搭配] sugary snack甜点；a mid-morning snack上午吃的点心 [词汇用法] · snack表示“小吃，点心”，或者“快餐，便餐”，都用作可数名词。 Do you eat sweets, cakes or sugary snacks?你吃糖果、蛋糕或甜点吗？ Lunch was a snack in the fields.午饭是在野外吃的便餐。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Many teenagers like ______ very much, but they are not good for their health. A．players B．chores C．trash D．snacks 【答案】D 【详解】句意：许多青少年非常喜欢零食，但是吃零食对他们的健康不好。 考查名词。players运动员；chores家务活；trash垃圾；snacks零食；根据下文“but they are not good for their health.”可知，上文是说喜欢吃零食，故选D。 4. chip /tʃɪp/ n. 炸马铃薯条 [词汇搭配] fish and chips 炸鱼薯条；potato chips薯条 [词汇用法] · 有些食物如cookie,dumpling,chip,noodle等总是用作可数名词。而porridge,bread,rice,soup,tofu等总是用作不可数名词。 We should eat less unhealthy food like chips. 我们应该少吃像薯条这样的不健康的食物。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) Please buy some ______ and ______ for me. A．potato chip; chocolates B．potato chips; much chocolates C．potato chip; chocolate D．potato chips; chocolate 【答案】D 【详解】句意：请为我买一些炸薯条和巧克力。 potato chips炸薯条，chocolate巧克力，均为不可数名词。需要注意potato chips虽然是复数形式，但是不可数名词。chocolate为不可数名词，不加s。some加不可数名词，故选D。 (2) I would like a big bowl of ________, but my twin sister wants some ________ for lunch. A．beef noodle; fish B．beef noodles; fishes C．beef noodles; fish D．beef noodle; fishes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想要一大碗牛肉面，但我的双胞胎妹妹午餐想要一些鱼。 考查名词的单复数形式。noodle面条，通常用复数形式；fish鱼，通常为不可数名词，指“鱼肉”或鱼的种类时为可数名词。第一个空指“一大碗牛肉面”，用noodles；第二个空，fish表示“鱼肉”，为不可数名词。故选C。 5. dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ adj. 危险的，有危害的 [词汇拓展] danger(n.)危险；dangerously (adv.)危险地 [词汇搭配] a dangerous sport一项危险的运动 [词汇例句] It’s dangerous to play in the street. 在街上玩很危险。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) It’s ________ for teenagers to give out their personal information to strangers online. A．dangerous B．important C．interesting D．helpful 【答案】A 【详解】句意：青少年在网上把他们的个人信息给陌生人是危险的。 dangerous危险的；important重要的；interesting有趣的；helpful有帮助的。根据“to give out their personal information to strangers online”可知，把个人信息给陌生人是危险的，应填dangerous。 (2) Tigers are ________ animals and the children are in great ________ now. A．danger; dangerous B．dangerous; danger C．dangerous; dangerous 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老虎是危险的动物，孩子们现在处于极大的危险之中。 danger危险；dangerous危险的。第一空修饰名词“animals”要用形容词dangerous，第二空是固定搭配in great danger，表示“处于极大的危险之中”。 6. Western /ˈwestən/ adj. (观念或方式) 西方的，欧美的 [词汇拓展] Westerner(n.)西方人，欧美人；west(n.)西，西面 eastern(adj.)东方的；Eastern(adj.)东方国家的 [词汇搭配] a Western dessert一种西式甜点；Western art西方艺术 [词汇例句] In many Western countries, making noise while eating is considered very impolite. 在许 多西方国家，吃饭时制造噪音被认为是非常不礼貌的。 [随学随练] 单项填空 ________ culture is different from Chinese culture. A．Western B．West C．Westward D．Westwards 【答案】A 【详解】句意：西方文化与中国文化不同。 Western西方的；West西；Westward向西的；Westwards向西。根据“... culture is different from Chinese culture”可知，此处需要形容词修饰名词culture，表达“西方的”含义，Western culture是表示“西方文化”的固定用法，应填Western。 7. store /stɔː(r)/ v. 贮藏，贮存，积蓄；n. 商店 [词汇拓展] storage(n.)贮存 [词汇搭配] store (away/up) food 贮存食物；a health food store保健食品商店 in store (for sb)即将发生（在某人身上）；等待着（某人） [词汇例句] He simply stored the tapes away. 他只是将磁带存放起来。 [随学随练] 用store相关表达补全句子 (1) 松鼠贮藏很多食物过冬。 Squirrels store up much food for the inter. (2) 这家店里的蔬菜很便宜 The vegetables in the store are cheap. (3) 也有一些令人吃惊的事在等着我。 There were also surprises in store for me. 8. stomach /ˈstʌmək/ n. 胃 [词汇拓展] (pl.)stomachs ；stomachache (n.) 胃痛 [词汇搭配] stomach pains胃痛；肚子痛；on an empty stomach空着肚子；on a full stomach饱的肚子 have no stomach for sth对…没有胃口；没有勇气或没有欲望做某事； turn one’s stomach让某人反感或厌恶 have butterflies (in your stomach)（做某事前）心慌，紧张 [随学随练] 用stomach相关表达补全句子 (1) 空腹不宜喝酒。 It's not a good idea to drink . (2) 真相会让你很反感。 The true facts will . (3) 他们不想打架。 They a fight. (4) 你不应该吃饱了就运动。 You shouldn't exercise . (5) 考试前你心里紧张是很自然的。 It’s natural to before an exam. (6) 牛有四个胃。 A cow . 【答案】on an empty stomach；turn your stomach；have no stomach for on a full stomach；have butterflies in your stomach；has four stomachs 9. flat /flæt/ adj. 平的，平坦的；n. 公寓，单元房 [词汇拓展] <比较级>flatter；<最高级>flattest [词汇搭配] a kind of flat bread 一种扁平的面包；a ground-floor flat一楼的一套单元房 [词汇例句] People used to think the earth was flat. 人们曾经认为地球是平的。 10. bridge /brɪdʒ/ n. (事物之间的) 桥梁，纽带；桥；v. 在...上架桥；消除(隔阂)，弥合（分歧） [词汇搭配] a bridge between cultures 文化之间的桥梁；bridge their differences消除他们的分歧 [词汇例句] He walked back over the railway bridge.他从铁路桥上走了回去。 3、 重难句型解析 1. The book suggested people eat different kinds of food. · suggest表示“建议”，其后跟宾语从句时，宾语从句的谓语动词部分要用“should+动词原形”结构，其中should可以省略，本句中即省略了should。advise后接宾语从句时，其用法与suggest相同。 如：The teacher suggests that we (should)review the notes before the exam.老师建议我们考试前要复习笔记。 · suggest和advise用作动词。“建议做某事”用suggest/advise doing...结构。 如：We suggest/advise putting off the meeting. 我们建议推迟会议。 · “建议某人做某事”用advise sb. to do结构，此结构中不可用suggest。 如：The doctor advised me to rest for some days. 医生建议我休息几天。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 康康建议王军峰把新单词和包含它们的完整句子写在笔记本里。   【答案】Kangkang suggested/advised that Wang Junfeng (should) write down new words and the whole sentences with them in a notebook. (2) 你能给我一些关于如何提高听力的建议吗？ 【答案】Could you give me some advice/suggestions on how to improve listening? (3) 第一次考试后，李老师建议我好好规划我的学习时间。 【答案】After the first exam, Mr. Li advised me to plan my study time well. 2. In modern times, the world's first dietary goal was put forward by Sweden in 1968. 此句中put forward表示“提出”。was put forward是“be+动词过去分词”组成的被动语态结构，表示“被提出...”，was是be的过去式形式，表示一般过去时，was put forward是一般过去时的被动语态结构，表示“过去被做...”。 如：He was punished by the teacher for being late. 他因为迟到被老师惩罚了。 3. It's bad to eat too much fat and salt. · 这是一个“It’s+adj.+to do...”结构的句型。it是形式主语，真正地主语是后面的to eat too much fat and salt。 此句型可以做以下拓展： 当adj.修饰事物时，形容词后加for sb.变成“It is+adj.+ for sb.+ to do ...”表示“对于某人来说，做...是...样的”。 如：It is important for teenagers to have enough sleep. 对于青少年来说，有足够的睡眠是很重要的。 当adj.修饰人物时，形容词后加of sb.变成“It is+adj.+ of sb.+ to do ...”表示“某人做...是...样的”。 如：It is polite of you to knock at the door before entering it. 进门前敲门，你这样做是有礼貌的。 · too much表示“太多”，修饰不可数名词；修饰可数名词复数，用too many。 much too表示“太”，修饰形容词或副词，强调程度。 如：He ate too many apples. 他吃了太多的苹果。 The T-shirt is much too small for the boy.这件衬衫对于这个小男孩来说太小了。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 你询问那位女性的年龄是不礼貌的。 【答案】It is impolite of you to ask the woman’s age. (2) 对于学生们来说，课间放松是有必要的。 【答案】It’s necessary for students to relax between lessons. 单项填空 (1) There are ________ interesting books in the school library. I want to read them all. A．too much B．much too C．too many D．many too 【答案】C 【详解】句意：学校图书馆有太多有趣的书。我想把它们都读完。 考查形容词短语辨析。too much太多（修饰不可数名词）；much too太（修饰形容词或副词）；too many太多（修饰可数名词复数）；many too（无此搭配）。空格后“interesting books”为可数名词复数，需用too many修饰。故选C。 (2) It’s ______ for us to eat ______ meat every day. A．healthy, too many B．unhealthy, too many C．health, much too D．unhealthy, too much 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对我们来说，每天吃太多肉是不健康的。 考查形容词辨析及too many/too much用法。第一空：healthy（健康的）和unhealthy（不健康的）为形容词；health（健康）为名词，此处需形容词作表语，根据常识“每天吃太多肉”应是不健康的，排除A、C。第二空：meat（肉）为不可数名词，应用too much修饰，too many修饰可数名词复数。故选D。 4. Folk tales have it that Emperor Huizong suffered from stomach pains after eating too much ice. 此句中have it that是固定句型，表示“据说”，常用于Folk tales have it that....“民间传说称...”；Report has it that...“报告显示...，据报道...”等句型。 5. Food is a bridge between cultures. 这个句子用了暗喻的修辞手法，把food比作bridge，表达了食物在文化交流、传播中起到了重要作用。 6. When food crosses borders,sweet things can happen. When food crosses borders是一个when引导的时间状语从句。时间状语从句通常遵循“主将从现”的时态原则，有以下三种情况：主句用一般将来时；主句是祈使句；主句谓语动词含情态动词。 如：When Jim comes back from Zibo, I’ll pick him up at the airport.当吉姆从淄博回来时，我会在机场接他。 [随学随练] 单项填空 She is going to be a teacher when she ________. A．grow up B．grows up C．will grow up D．grew up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当她长大后，她打算成为一名教师。 考查动词的时态。根据“She is going to be a teacher when she...”可知，当主句表示将来时，时间状语从句需用一般现在时表示将来；主语she是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 4、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) I bought some ________ (点心；小吃) for the picnic. 【答案】snacks 【详解】句意：我为野餐买了一些点心。根据汉语提示可知，snack“点心；小吃”，可数名词，some后跟可数名词复数形式。故填snacks。 (2) Would you like to have some potato ________ (炸薯条)? 【答案】chips 【详解】句意：你想要一些炸薯条吗？potato chips“炸薯条”，空前有some，需用复数形式。故填chips。 (3) It is _________ (危险的) to work on high buildings without help. 【答案】dangerous 【详解】句意：在没有帮助的情况下在高楼上工作是危险的。“危险的”是dangerous，“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”是固定句型，此处需要形容词作表语，故填dangerous。 (4) He is learning ________ (西方的) table manners. 【答案】Western 【详解】句意：他正在学习西方的餐桌礼仪。“西方的”对应单词western，Western table manners固定短语，首字母大写，修饰名词短语table manners。故填Western。 (5) In the past, people ________ (贮存) vegetables like cabbages underground. 【答案】stored 【详解】句意：在过去，人们把像卷心菜这样的蔬菜贮存在地下。根据句子结构和语境，这里需要填入一个表示“贮存”的动词的过去式形式。所给词“贮存”对应的英文单词是store，其过去式形式为stored。故填stored。 (6) The top of the Great Wall is ______ (平坦的) and wide. People can easily walk on it. 【答案】flat 【详解】句意：长城的顶部平坦的且宽阔。人们可以轻松地在上面行走。根据汉语提示可知，flat“平坦的”，形容词，在句中作表语，描述主语the top的状态。故填flat。 (7) The ancient stone ________ (桥) have connected the two villages for hundreds of years. 【答案】bridges 【详解】句意：这些古老的石桥已经连接这两个村庄数百年了。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处对应单词为bridge。由于谓语动词为have，提示此处需用名词复数形式作主语，故填bridges。 (8) I made a fruit ________ (沙拉) with apples and strawberries. 【答案】salad 【详解】句意：我用苹果和草莓做了一份水果沙拉。根据汉语提示可知，salad“沙拉”，名词，位于“a”之后，使用单数。故填salad。 (9) Many kids like ________ (汉堡包), but they are not healthy. 【答案】hamburgers 【详解】句意：很多孩子喜欢汉堡包，但它们不健康。句中的“kids”和“they”都表示复数，因此“汉堡包”也需要用复数形式。“汉堡包”的英文是“hamburger”，其复数形式为hamburgers。故填hamburgers。 (10) The ______ (皇帝) thought it was a great idea and decided to take his advice. 【答案】emperor 【详解】句意：皇帝认为这是个好主意，决定采纳他的建议。此处需要填名词作句子的主语，根据中文提示“皇帝”可知对应的单词是emperor，结合语境及后面的“his”可知，此处用单数形式即可，故填emperor。   (11) It’s amazing that a cow has more than two ________ (胃). 【答案】stomachs 【详解】句意：令人惊讶的是，一头牛有两个以上的胃。根据中文提示可知，“胃”对应的英文是stomach，是可数名词，位于two之后，用复数形式stomachs。 (12) If you want to keep healthy, you should keep ________ ________ ________ (均衡饮食) . 【答案】 a balanced diet 【详解】句意：如果你想保持健康，就应该均衡饮食。keep a balanced diet“保持均衡饮食”，为固定短语。故填a balanced diet。 (13) The children listened carefully when the old man told ________ ________(民间故事). 【答案】 folk tales 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，缺少“民间故事”，英文表达为folk tale，此处用名词复数表示泛指。故填folk；tales。 (14) Many people ________ failure ________ (将...视为...)a chance to learn. 【答案】 see as 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，缺少 “将…… 视为……”，英文表达为 see ... as ...。主语 many people 是复数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形 see。故填 see；as。 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者填上合适的介词。 (1) It’s important for us to have a _________ (balance) diet every day. 【答案】balanced 【详解】句意：对我们来说，每天保持均衡的饮食很重要。空处修饰名词“diet”，填形容词作定语。根据“It’s important”和提示词可知，均衡的饮食是重要的。balance“平衡”。名词，形容词为balanced“均衡的”。故填balanced。 (2) Don’t eat too many sweet ________ (snack). They’re bad for your teeth. 【答案】snacks 【详解】句意：不要吃太多甜食，它们对你的牙齿不好。snack是可数名词，意为“零食”；句中“too many”用于修饰可数名词复数，因此snack需变为复数形式snacks。故填snacks。 (3) What do you want to eat, chicken, hamburgers, or fish and ________? (chip) 【答案】chips 【详解】句意：你想吃什么，鸡肉、汉堡包，还是炸鱼薯条？chip表示“炸薯条”时，常用复数形式chips；fish and chips是固定搭配，意为“炸鱼薯条”。故填chips。 (4) Many animals are in ________ (dangerous) because of the loss of their habitats. 【答案】danger 【详解】句意：许多动物因它们的栖息地的丧失而处于危险之中。dangerous“危险的”，是形容词，此处考查固定短语in danger，意为“处于危险之中”。 (5) In ancient China, people ________ (store) ice blocks in winter for use in summer. 【答案】stored 【详解】句意：在中国古代，人们在冬天储存冰块，以便在夏天使用。根据“In ancient China”可知，句子时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词store“储存”应用其过去式stored。故填stored。 (6) Doctors say that eating too fast is bad for people’s ________ and may cause a ________. (stomach) 【答案】 stomachs stomachache 【详解】句意：医生说吃得太快对人们的胃不好，并且可能引起胃痛。第一空根据people’s及句意，此处应填名词作介词for的宾语，意为“胃”，且表示复数概念，stomach的复数形式是stomachs（以ch结尾但发音为/k/，加s）。第二空根据a及句意，此处应填可数名词单数作宾语，意为“胃痛”，stomachache为可数名词单数形式。 (7) Tom and Jim are _______ (twin). They look the same and study in the same class. 【答案】twins 【详解】句意：汤姆和吉姆是双胞胎。他们长得一模一样，还在同一个班上学。根据“Tom and Jim are...(twin).”可知，两个人是双胞胎，空处应是twin的复数形式twins，作表语。故填twins。 (8) His mom suggests he ________ to wash his own clothes. (learn) 【答案】learn 【详解】句意：他的妈妈建议他学习洗自己的衣服。learn“学习”，是动词，根据“suggest”可知此处应用should+do表虚拟语气，其中should可以省略，所以此处应用其原形，故填learn。 (9) If overweight people eat less and take more exercise, they’ll soon feel much ________ (healthy). 【答案】healthier 【详解】句意：如果超重的人减少饮食量并增加运动量，他们很快就会感觉身体状况大为改善。healthy“健康的”，much修饰比较级，“much+比较级”表示“……得多”。故填healthier。 (10) Of all the three workers, Mr William lives the ________ (healthy) life, so he can live longer. 【答案】healthiest 【详解】句意：在三位工人中，威廉先生过着最健康的生活，因此他能活得更久。根据“Of all the three workers”以及“the...life.”可知，三者之间相比，故空处需填形容词最高级，修饰名词life，healthy“健康的”的最高级为healthiest。故填healthiest。 (11) Trees are good ________ the environment in many ways. 【答案】for 【详解】句意：树木在很多方面对环境都有益处。树木对环境有好处，be good for表示“对……有好处”。 (12) It’s dangerous for a young boy _________ (cross) the busy street by himself. 【答案】to cross 【详解】句意：一个小男孩独自穿过繁忙的街道是危险的。句中“It’s + adj. + for sb.”为固定句型，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。因此，空格处应将所给词cross“穿过”转换为不定式形式。 (13) When it ________ (get) warmer, we can play in our shorts and T-shirts. 【答案】gets 【详解】句意：当天气变暖和时，我们可以穿短裤和T恤玩耍。此句是“when”引导的时间状语从句，主句含有情态动词“can”，从句用一般现在时。从句主语“it”是第三人称单数，谓语动词“get”用第三人称单数形式“gets”。 (14) Dr Susan Hankinson has studied the________(diet) habits of more than 50,000 women. 【答案】dietary 【详解】句意：苏珊・汉金森博士研究了五万多名女性的饮食习惯。空格后为名词 habits “习惯”，需要用形容词修饰，diet 为名词 “饮食”，其形容词形式 dietary 表示 “饮食的”。故填dietary。 3. 单项填空。 (1) —The doctor gave me some advice about my daily ________. —You should really follow his suggestion to keep a balanced one. A．stomach B．meal C．diet D．energy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——医生给了我一些关于日常饮食的建议。——你真的应该听从他的建议，保持均衡的饮食。 考查名词辨析。stomach胃；meal一餐；diet日常饮食；energy能量。根据答句中“keep a balanced one”可知，此处指日常饮食建议，且diet常与balanced搭配表示“均衡饮食”。故选C。 (2) —Art serves as a ________ between different nations. —Yes. It really helps cross-cultural communication. A．river B．wall C．palace D．bridge 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——艺术是不同国家之间的桥梁。 ——是的。它真的有助于跨文化交流。 考查名词辨析。river河流；wall墙；palace宫殿；bridge桥梁。根据“Art serves as a...between different nations”可知，此处是指艺术是不同国家之间交流的一座桥梁。故选D。 (3) ________ people are becoming “Heads-down Tribe” (低头族). It’s ________ bad. A．Too many; much too B．Too much; much too C．Much too; too much D．Too many; too much 【答案】A 【详解】句意：太多的人正在成为“低头族”。这太糟糕了。 考查短语辨析。too many太多，修饰可数名词复数；too much太多，修饰不可数名词；much too太，非常， 修饰形容词或副词。第一空，空格后“people”是复数名词，应用too many修饰可数名词复数，排除B和C； 第二空，空格后“bad”是形容词，应用much too修饰形容词，排除D。故选A。 (4) —Did you get an online red packet during the Spring Festival? —Yes. It’s ________ the most popular way of sending traditional festival greetings. A．totally B．widely C．actually D．hardly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——春节期间你有没有收到线上红包呢？——有。实际上，这是传递传统节日祝福的最受欢迎的方式。 totally完全；widely广泛地；actually实际上；hardly几乎不。根据“the most popular way of sending traditional festival greetings.”可知，设空处后陈述了事实，因此填actually符合语境。 (5) The robots at CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala are so ________ and smart. A．full B．dark C．delicious D．modern 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中央电视台春节联欢晚会上的机器人是如此现代又聪明。 full满的；dark黑暗的；delicious美味的；modern现代的。根据“robots at CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala”可知，描述机器人要用“现代的”，应填modern。 (6) His experience is ________ to mine. We both like sharing food with friends. A．different B．similar C．same D．difficult 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他的经历与我的相似。我们都喜欢和朋友分享食物。 考查形容词辨析。different不同的；similar相似的；same相同的；difficult困难的。根据后句“We both like sharing food with friends.”可知，两人的经历有共同点，因此是相似的。same通常与the连用，此处结构为“be similar to”。故选B。 (7) —What does your math teacher ________ ? —He is of medium height and young. A．look at B．look after C．look for D．look like 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你的数学老师长什么样？——他中等身高，很年轻。 考查动词短语。look at看；look after照顾；look for寻找；look like看起来像。根据答句“He is of medium height and young.”可知，问句是在询问数学老师的外貌，所以用“look like”。故选D。 (8) Tim ________ a lot from his foot problem, but nothing could stop him from finishing the race. A．agreed B．suffered C．raised D．fell 【答案】B 【详解】句意：蒂姆因脚疾遭受了很多痛苦，但没有什么能阻止他完成比赛。 考查动词辨析。agreed同意；suffered遭受；raised举起；fell摔倒。根据“Tim…a lot from his foot problem”可知，此处考查suffer from“因……遭受痛苦”，固定搭配，表示因脚疾遭受了很多痛苦，故选B。 (9) The sweater made by my grandmother ________ a lot to my mum, so she wears it every winter. A．adds B．means C．changes D．depends 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我祖母织的那件毛衣对我妈妈来说意义非凡，所以每年冬天她都会穿上它。 考查动词辨析。add增加；mean意味着；change改变；depend依靠。根据“The sweater made by my grandmother … a lot to my mum”可知，那件毛衣对妈妈来说意义非凡，故选B。 (10) Don’t do that, Jim. It’s very ________ to give food to animals in the zoo. A．dangerous B．folk C．meaningful D．flat 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要那样做，吉姆。在动物园里给动物喂食是非常危险的。 dangerous危险的；folk民间的；meaningful有意义的；flat平的。根据“Don’t do that”可知是在制止某种行为，结合常识可知在动物园给动物喂食是危险的。 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 按要求完成句子。 (1) 试简述食物的重对人类的重要性。 【参考答案】Food bears our happy memories. A balanced diet makes us healthy and strong. Food bridges cultures. (2) 垃圾食品富含脂肪、糖和盐，对健康有害。(补全句子)  fat, sugar and salt, which  your health. 【答案】Junk food s high in ；is bad for (3) 民间传说认为这棵树能带来好运。(翻译句子) 【答案】Folk tales have it that this tree brings good luck. (4) 我经常听说我们应该尽可能多地吃水果和蔬菜。(翻译句子) 【答案】I often hear that we should eat as many fruits and vegetables as possible. (5) 蔬菜总是对我们的身体有好处。(翻译句子) 【答案】Vegetables are always good for our bodies. (6) 在中国，长面条是长寿的象征。(翻译句子) 【答案】In China, long noodles are a symbol of long life. 2. 阅读理解 A Would you like to have some cucumber with mashed garlic (蒜泥黄瓜)? When you enjoy this delicious dish, don’t forget to say “thanks” to Zhang Qian. Zhang Qian lived in the Han Dynasty. He was an early traveller on the Silk Road (丝绸之路) and brought many new foods and other things to China. The Silk Road was a long road. It was from China to Central Asia (中亚), and even Europe. Where is this dish from? The cucumber came from South Asia. In early times, Chinese people called it “hugua”. “Hu” means “foreign (外国的)”. That is to say it isn’t from China. Later, its name changed to “huanggua”. What about garlic? Its home was in Central Asia. Zhang Qian brought it to China about 2,000 years ago. Garlic can make many dishes taste better. It is good for our health. What is the Silk Road? The Silk Road was also called “Sweet Road”. It brought many kinds of sweet fruits to China, too. Do you like grapes? They also came from Central Asia. Do you ever see the words “hu”, “yang”, “fan” or “xi” in Chinese names of some foods? These names usually mean that these foods do not come from China, such as “huluobo (carrots)” and “yangcong (onions)”. Can you find more? 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Zhang Qian brought the cucumber back from Central Asia. B．Zhang Qian brought the grapes back from South Asia. C．Garlic came from Central Asia about 2,000 years ago. D．The Silk Road was from China to Europe and Africa. 2．Why was the Silk Road also called “Sweet Road”? A．People got a lot of candies on the road. B．Many sweet fruits came to China through the road. C．People on the road were sweet and friendly. D．The silk on the road was sweet. 3．Which of the following didn’t come from China according to the last paragraph? ①tomatoes                ②bananas                ③watermelons            ④pears A．①③ B．②③ C．①② D．③④ 4．In which part of a newspaper can you read the passage? A．Daily News. B．History Stories. C．Book Reviews. D．Sports World. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以“蒜泥黄瓜”这道菜引出汉代张骞，介绍他作为丝绸之路早期旅行者，将黄瓜、大蒜、葡萄等外来食材传入中国的历史；同时解释了丝绸之路被称为“甜蜜之路”的原因，以及中文食材名称中含“胡”、“洋”、“番”和“西”等字通常代表外来物种的现象。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“What about garlic? Its home was in Central Asia. Zhang Qian brought it to China about 2,000 years ago.”可知，大蒜大约在2000年前从中亚传入中国。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“What is the Silk Road? The Silk Road was also called ‘Sweet Road’. It brought many kinds of sweet fruits to China, too.”可知，丝绸之路被称为“甜蜜之路”是因为许多甜水果通过这条路传入中国。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Do you ever see the words ‘hu’, ‘yang’, ‘fan’ or ‘xi’ in Chinese names of some foods? These names usually mean that these foods do not come from China,”可知，中文名称中含“胡”、“洋”、“番”和“西”等字的食材通常非中国原产；据此可以推断，“tomato”中文俗称“番茄”，含“番”字，非中国原产；“watermelon”中文名称含“西”字，非中国原产。故选A。 4．推理判断题。综合全文可知，本文围绕张骞 (汉代人物)、丝绸之路及外来食材的历史展开，属于历史相关内容；因此，本文最可能出现在报纸的“历史故事”版块。故选B。 B We all know that a late-night coffee is a bad idea if you want a good night’s sleep. But could your whole day’s diet also affect how well you rest? Well, a new study from the University of Tsukuba in Japan has found that what we eat may affect how we sleep. Different nutrients (营养物质), such as proteins, carbohydrates, fats and fiber (纤维), might affect our sleep, suggesting that changing our diet could be a way to sleep better. The study looked at the diets and sleep patterns of almost 5,000 people. The data was collected by asking people to use two apps—Asken, where users record what they ate during the day, and Pokemon Sleep, which records sleep habits. The researchers looked at the people’s sleep time, how long it took to fall asleep, and how often they woke up at night. Then, they compared this information with what people were eating. The study found that people who ate more protein (蛋白质) slept about 10 minutes longer than those who ate less. On the other hand, people who ate more fats slept for a shorter time and woke up more often at night. Those with a diet high in carbohydrates (碳水化合物) were less likely to wake up during the night, while people having more fiber fell asleep faster and slept longer. And a diet high in sodium—from salty foods—and low in potassium—found in fruits and vegetables—was linked (联系) with poorer sleep. Of course, the study isn’t perfect. It doesn’t show that diet directly causes these changes. And some other things, such as how much soft drinks people drink or their stress levels, weren’t included. But it does suggest that what we eat could play an important role in sleep health. So if you’re having trouble getting to sleep at night, instead of counting sheep, maybe it’s time to start thinking about the nutrients you ate during the day! 1．According to the passage, what can affect people’s sleep? A．Sleeping habits. B．Sleeping places. C．The diet of a person. D．The order of eating. 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．Having more fiber makes people likely to have a good rest B．Eating more fats may help a person get a good night’s sleep C．A diet high in protein is more likely linked with poorer sleep D．A diet high in carbohydrates may make people wake up often. 3．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To encourage us to change our eating habits B．To remind us to pay attention to our diet. C．To share some advice on getting healthy. D．To compare nutrients’ effects on health. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 【导语】本文通过日本筑波大学的研究，揭示了日常饮食中不同营养素与睡眠质量之间的关联，指出均衡摄入特定营养素可能改善睡眠 1．推理判断题。文章开篇提出饮食可能影响睡眠的疑问，并通过日本研究证实不同营养素与睡眠质量相关，因此饮食是主要影响因素。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“while people having more fiber fell asleep faster and slept longer.”可知，摄入更多纤维的人入睡更快，睡眠时间也更长，故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据“So if you’re having trouble getting to sleep at night, instead of counting sheep, maybe it’s time to start thinking about the nutrients you ate during the day!”及全文的内容可知，全文通过研究数据说明饮食与睡眠的关联，结尾建议失眠者“思考每日营养摄入”，核心目的是提醒关注饮食对睡眠的影响。故选B。 3. 任务型阅读 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 I grew up as a Chinese American girl in a small town. Although I lived in American culture from birth, my parents raised me with Chinese traditions to help me understand where I came from. Every winter, my parents took me back to China to meet our family and I would learn to cook from my grandma. Once she taught me to make fun gor (粉粿). She added hot water to the wheat starch (淀粉) and mixed the dough. When I tried to roll it out, my dough kept breaking. She laughed and showed me how to roll out several at one time, her hands moving quickly like a machine. As we cooked, she told me fun gor wrappers (皮) are an important part of Guangdong food culture. She also told me stories about other foods, like thousand-year-old eggs. These stories opened a window for me into our history and traditions. Back in the U.S., my parents usually cooked Chinese dishes for me too. I grew up eating Chinese food, so when I started school, I wanted to bring homemade Chinese food for lunch. My mum was happy to help. To get the right ingredients, she often went to the Chinese stores in the city center. My classmates soon noticed my lunch. It looked nothing like their hamburgers, hot dogs or sandwiches. I shared my food with them and explained where each dish came from and what made it special. Some of them grew interested in Chinese food and culture, so I invited them over for dinner. My parents cooked for them, and our dining table became a place of sharing and learning. Last year, I started posting videos of Chinese dishes online because I wanted more people to know about our food and culture. Sharing food helped me make friends and feel proud of who I am. For me, food is more than just something we eat. 1．Who taught the writer to make fun gor? 2．Where did the writer’s mum often get the right ingredients for her Chinese lunch? 3．Why did the writer post videos of Chinese dishes online? 4．Do you agree that food is more than just something we eat? Why or why not? 【答案】 1．Her grandma. 2．In the Chinese stores in the city center. 3．Because she wanted more people to know about Chinese food and culture. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Yes, I do. Because food carries culture, memories, and emotions. For example, the writer connects with her Chinese traditions through dishes like fun gor, and shares her culture with others by sharing food. It is more than just something to eat—it is a way to pass on history and build relationships. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了身为华裔美国人的作者，在成长过程中通过中国食物感受并传承中国传统文化，同时借助分享食物与他人建立联系、传播文化，最终认识到食物不仅是果腹之物，更是文化载体和身份认同的纽带。 1．根据第二段“Every winter, my parents took me back to China to meet our family and I would learn to cook from my grandma. Once she taught me to make fun gor.”可知，是作者的奶奶教作者做粉粿。故填Her grandma. 2．根据第三段“To get the right ingredients, she often went to the Chinese stores in the city center.”可知，作者的妈妈经常去市中心的中国商店购买做中餐的食材。故填In the Chinese stores in the city center. 3．根据倒数第二段“Last year, I started posting videos of Chinese dishes online because I wanted more people to know about our food and culture.”可知，作者在网上发布中国菜视频的原因是希望更多人了解中国的食物和文化。故填Because she wanted more people to know about Chinese food and culture. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Yes, I do. Because food carries culture, memories, and emotions. For example, the writer connects with her Chinese traditions through dishes like fun gor, and shares her culture with others by sharing food. It is more than just something to eat—it is a way to pass on history and build relationships. 4. 完形填空 Ravi is from Delhi, India. When he first came to our school, something 1 spread. He brought smelly curried lunches (咖喱饭) in a steel box. “Why doesn’t he eat pizza like us?” Jake said unhappily, 2 Ravi’s lonely lunch table. Our teacher Ms. Lee told the class there would be a “Cultural Food Week”. To Jake’s sadness, he and Ravi became 3 to prepare a dish. Jake went to Ms. Lee and wanted to give up, “Ms. Lee, his food 4 terrible and bad!” But the teacher stopped him. Ravi arrived at Jake’s house with spices (香料), Jake’s mom asked many questions about spices 5 she knew little about spices, like when and how to use them. Ravi answered them patiently and said, “My grandma says spices always tell 6 .” He smiled, showing a photo of his Delhi home. Jake also looked at his own soccer trophy—they have the same 7 —both loved sports!   Before cooking, Jake had trouble 8 onions. Ravi didn’t laugh but said, “Grandma teaches me tears make tastes 9 .” Jake was quiet and began to think, “was this a life lesson?” At the food match, their curry won first. A classmate asked 10 , “Does India only have curried lunches?” Ravi was not angry and his answer surprised Jake, “Just like England isn’t 11 fish and chips!” The crowd laughed. Walking home, Jake knew he was wrong. “Sorry, I didn’t understand the true 12 of your lunch.” Ravi smiled, “Grandma says friendship needs time to keep.” That day, Jake learned something as follows. - Labels (标签) stop people’s mind. They make us see only “foreign kid”, 13 see the soccer fan who misses his grandma.   - Courage breaks ignorance (无知). When Jake finally asked “Why curry?”, he found spices 14 family love, not just smell. - Every person carries a story worth tasting. Ravi’s lunch box held 15 food—it was a door to Delhi streets and grandma’s wisdom. 1．A．bad B．nice C．boring D．interesting 2．A．pointing to B．laughing at C．smiling to D．sitting at 3．A．classmates B．friends C．partners D．neighbours 4．A．looks B．tastes C．sounds D．feels 5．A．but B．because C．after D．until 6．A．jokes B．secrets C．stories D．lies 7．A．interest B．treasure C．trick D．information 8．A．burning B．cutting C．cooking D．picking 9．A．weaker B．richer C．hotter D．stranger 10．A．politely B．patiently C．impolitely D．impatiently 11．A．ever B．still C．only D．even 12．A．meaning B．money C．time D．treat 13．A．always B．often C．never D．usually 14．A．cost B．spent C．took D．carried 15．A．better than B．worse than C．less than D．more than 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．D 【导语】本文讲述了印度学生Ravi通过“文化美食周”活动改变同学Jake偏见的成长故事。 1．句意：他刚来我们学校时，坏消息传开了。 bad坏的，不好的；nice美好的；boring无聊的；interesting有趣的。根据“He brought smelly curried lunches (咖喱饭) in a steel box.”可知，此处指不好的事。故选A。 2．句意：“为什么他不像我们一样吃披萨？”Jake指着Ravi孤零零的午餐桌，不高兴地说。 pointing to指着；laughing at嘲笑；smiling to向……微笑；sitting at坐在。根据“Ravi’s lonely lunch table”可知，此处指Jake指着Ravi的午餐桌。故选A。 3．句意：让Jake伤心的是，他和Ravi成了搭档，准备一道菜。 classmates同班同学；friends朋友；partners搭档；neighbours邻居。根据“ he and Ravi became...to prepare a dish”可知，Jake和Ravi一起准备一道菜，所以他们是搭档。故选C。 4．句意：Jake去找李老师，想放弃，“李老师，他的食物看起来很糟糕！” looks看起来；tastes尝起来；sounds听起来；feels感觉。根据“his food... terrible and bad”可知，此处指Ravi的食物看起来很糟糕。故选A。 5．句意：Ravi带着香料来到Jake家，Jake的妈妈问了很多关于香料的问题，因为她对香料知之甚少，比如什么时候用，怎么用。 but但是；because因为；after在……之后；until直到……为止。根据“Jake’s mom asked many questions about spices... she knew little about spices”可知，横线前后表示因果关系，前果后因。故选B。 6．句意：Ravi耐心地回答说：“我奶奶说香料总能讲故事。” jokes笑话；secrets秘密；stories故事；lies谎言。下文提到香料承载“family love”和“grandma’s wisdom”，所以此处指香料包含了很多故事，属于文化隐喻。故选C。 7．句意：Jake也看了看自己的足球奖杯——他们有同样的兴趣——都喜欢运动！ interest兴趣；treasure财富；trick诡计；information信息。根据“both loved sports”可知，他们有同样的兴趣。故选A。 8．句意：做饭前，Jake切洋葱有困难。 burning燃烧；cutting切；cooking烹饪；picking挑选。根据“onions”可知，此处指切洋葱。故选B。 9．句意：Ravi没有笑，而是说：“奶奶告诉我，眼泪会让味道更浓郁。” weaker更虚弱的；richer更浓郁的；hotter更热的；stranger更奇怪的。根据“tastes”可知，此处形容食物的味道，应填richer，表示使食物更浓郁。故选B。 10．句意：一个同学不礼貌地问：“印度只有咖喱午餐吗？” politely有礼貌地；patiently耐心地；impolitely没有礼貌地；impatiently没有耐心地。根据“Does India only have curried lunches?”可知，问题带有刻板印象，这样问是不礼貌的。故选C。 11．句意：就像英国不只有炸鱼薯条一样！ ever从来；still仍然；only只，仅仅；even甚至。根据“Just like England isn’t... fish and chips!”可知，此处指印度不只有咖喱午餐，就像英国不只有炸鱼薯条一样。故选C。 12．句意：对不起，我没有理解你午餐的真正含义。 meaning含义；money钱；time时间；treat款待。根据“I didn’t understand the true... of your lunch.”并结合下文可知，咖喱饭承载着文化记忆和亲情，Jake一开始嘲笑Ravi，所以他为没理解Ravi午餐的真正含义而道歉。故选A。 13．句意：它们让我们只看到了“外国孩子”，而没有看到想念奶奶的足球迷。 always总是；often经常；never从不；usually通常。根据“see the soccer fan who misses his grandma”可知，标签让人从未看到真实的一面，强调偏见的危害。故选C。 14．句意：当Jake最后问“为什么是咖喱？”，他发现香料承载着亲情，而不仅仅是气味。 cost花费；spent花费；took拿走；carried承载。根据“he found spices... family love, not just smell.”可知，此处指香料承载着亲情。故选D。 15．句意：Ravi的饭盒里装的不仅仅是食物——它是通往德里街头和祖母智慧的一扇门。 better than比……更好；worse than比……更糟；less than少于；more than超过，多于。根据“it was a door to Delhi streets and grandma’s wisdom”可知，Ravi的饭盒里装的已经超过“食物”本身的意义，更是一种记忆。故选D。 第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Food matters 核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Developing ideas) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Developing ideas包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空，单项填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空或语篇填空等)。 1、 单元重点短语集锦 1. the importance of …… 的重要性 2. a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 3. different kinds of food 不同种类的食物 4. in modern times 在现代；当今 5. put forward 提出 6. be good for 对…… 有益 7. more than 多于；超过；不仅仅 8. junk food 垃圾食品 9. be high in 富含…；… 含量高 10. as many fruit and vegetable as possible 尽可能多的水果和蔬菜 11. too much 太多 12. in fact 事实上；实际上 13. across borders 跨越国界 14. see...as... 把… 看作…；认为… 是… 15. ice cream 冰淇淋 16. a Western dessert 一种西式甜点 17. sweet treat 甜品 18. folk tales 民间故事 19. suffer from 遭受；患有（疾病等） 20. all the way back 全程，一直 21. compare...to... 把...比作... 22. a symbol of …的象征 23. look more like 看起来更像 24. twin brother 双胞胎兄弟 25. a bridge between cultures 文化之间的桥梁 26. add to 增加；增添 2、 单元重点词汇解析 1. diet /ˈdaɪət/ n. 日常饮食，日常食物 [词汇拓展] dietary(adj.)饮食的 [词汇搭配] a balanced diet均衡的饮食；a low-fat, salt-free diet 低脂肪无盐的饮食 be on a diet 节食 [词汇例句] As we know, it’s important to keep a balanced diet. 众所周知，保持均衡的饮食很重要。 [随学随练] 单项填空 To lose weight healthily, we need a proper way to manage our ________ and do exercise. A．diet B．power C．time D．exercise 2. salad /ˈsæləd/ n. 蔬菜沙拉 [词汇搭配] green salad生菜沙拉，蔬菜沙拉；a chicken and cabbage salad一份鸡肉白菜沙拉 [词汇用法] · salad表示整体时，指“一份沙拉”，是可数名词；表示食物时(食用时被分割开了)，是不可数名词。 ice cream；cake也是类似用法。 All main courses come with salad or vegetables. 所有主菜都配有色拉或蔬菜。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Today is Bill’s birthday. Let’s have ________. A．strawberries and salad B．strawberries and salads C．strawberry and salad D．strawberry and salads 3. snack /snæk/ n. (正餐以外的) 小吃，点心 [词汇拓展] dessert(n.)甜点 [词汇搭配] sugary snack甜点；a mid-morning snack上午吃的点心 [词汇用法] · snack表示“小吃，点心”，或者“快餐，便餐”，都用作可数名词。 Do you eat sweets, cakes or sugary snacks?你吃糖果、蛋糕或甜点吗？ Lunch was a snack in the fields.午饭是在野外吃的便餐。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Many teenagers like ______ very much, but they are not good for their health. A．players B．chores C．trash D．snacks 4. chip /tʃɪp/ n. 炸马铃薯条 [词汇搭配] fish and chips 炸鱼薯条；potato chips薯条 [词汇用法] · 有些食物如cookie,dumpling,chip,noodle等总是用作可数名词。而porridge,bread,rice,soup,tofu等总是用作不可数名词。 We should eat less unhealthy food like chips. 我们应该少吃像薯条这样的不健康的食物。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) Please buy some ______ and ______ for me. A．potato chip; chocolates B．potato chips; much chocolates C．potato chip; chocolate D．potato chips; chocolate (2) I would like a big bowl of ________, but my twin sister wants some ________ for lunch. A．beef noodle; fish B．beef noodles; fishes C．beef noodles; fish D．beef noodle; fishes 5. dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ adj. 危险的，有危害的 [词汇拓展] danger(n.)危险；dangerously (adv.)危险地 [词汇搭配] a dangerous sport一项危险的运动 [词汇例句] It’s dangerous to play in the street. 在街上玩很危险。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) It’s ________ for teenagers to give out their personal information to strangers online. A．dangerous B．important C．interesting D．helpful (2) Tigers are ________ animals and the children are in great ________ now. A．danger; dangerous B．dangerous; danger C．dangerous; dangerous 6. Western /ˈwestən/ adj. (观念或方式) 西方的，欧美的 [词汇拓展] Westerner(n.)西方人，欧美人；west(n.)西，西面 eastern(adj.)东方的；Eastern(adj.)东方国家的 [词汇搭配] a Western dessert一种西式甜点；Western art西方艺术 [词汇例句] In many Western countries, making noise while eating is considered very impolite. 在许 多西方国家，吃饭时制造噪音被认为是非常不礼貌的。 [随学随练] 单项填空 ________ culture is different from Chinese culture. A．Western B．West C．Westward D．Westwards 7. store /stɔː(r)/ v. 贮藏，贮存，积蓄；n. 商店 [词汇拓展] storage(n.)贮存 [词汇搭配] store (away/up) food 贮存食物；a health food store保健食品商店 in store (for sb)即将发生（在某人身上）；等待着（某人） [词汇例句] He simply stored the tapes away. 他只是将磁带存放起来。 [随学随练] 用store相关表达补全句子 (1) 松鼠贮藏很多食物过冬。 Squirrels for the inter. (2) 这家店里的蔬菜很便宜 The are cheap. (3) 也有一些令人吃惊的事在等着我。 There were also surprises me. 8. stomach /ˈstʌmək/ n. 胃 [词汇拓展] (pl.)stomachs ；stomachache (n.) 胃痛 [词汇搭配] stomach pains胃痛；肚子痛；on an empty stomach空着肚子；on a full stomach饱的肚子 have no stomach for sth对…没有胃口；没有勇气或没有欲望做某事； turn one’s stomach让某人反感或厌恶 have butterflies (in your stomach)（做某事前）心慌，紧张 [随学随练] 用stomach相关表达补全句子 (1) 空腹不宜喝酒。 It's not a good idea to drink . (2) 真相会让你很反感。 The true facts will . (3) 他们不想打架。 They a fight. (4) 你不应该吃饱了就运动。 You shouldn't exercise . (5) 考试前你心里紧张是很自然的。 It’s natural to before an exam. (6) 牛有四个胃。 A cow . 9. flat /flæt/ adj. 平的，平坦的；n. 公寓，单元房 [词汇拓展] <比较级>flatter；<最高级>flattest [词汇搭配] a kind of flat bread 一种扁平的面包；a ground-floor flat一楼的一套单元房 [词汇例句] People used to think the earth was flat. 人们曾经认为地球是平的。 10. bridge /brɪdʒ/ n. (事物之间的) 桥梁，纽带；桥；v. 在...上架桥；消除(隔阂)，弥合（分歧） [词汇搭配] a bridge between cultures 文化之间的桥梁；bridge their differences消除他们的分歧 [词汇例句] He walked back over the railway bridge.他从铁路桥上走了回去。 3、 重难句型解析 1. The book suggested people eat different kinds of food. · suggest表示“建议”，其后跟宾语从句时，宾语从句的谓语动词部分要用“should+动词原形”结构，其中should可以省略，本句中即省略了should。advise后接宾语从句时，其用法与suggest相同。 如：The teacher suggests that we (should)review the notes before the exam.老师建议我们考试前要复习笔记。 · suggest和advise用作动词。“建议做某事”用suggest/advise doing...结构。 如：We suggest/advise putting off the meeting. 我们建议推迟会议。 · “建议某人做某事”用advise sb. to do结构，此结构中不可用suggest。 如：The doctor advised me to rest for some days. 医生建议我休息几天。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 康康建议王军峰把新单词和包含它们的完整句子写在笔记本里。   (2) 你能给我一些关于如何提高听力的建议吗？ (3) 第一次考试后，李老师建议我好好规划我的学习时间。 2. In modern times, the world's first dietary goal was put forward by Sweden in 1968. 此句中put forward表示“提出”。was put forward是“be+动词过去分词”组成的被动语态结构，表示“被提出...”，was是be的过去式形式，表示一般过去时，was put forward是一般过去时的被动语态结构，表示“过去被做...”。 如：He was punished by the teacher for being late. 他因为迟到被老师惩罚了。 3. It's bad to eat too much fat and salt. · 这是一个“It’s+adj.+to do...”结构的句型。it是形式主语，真正地主语是后面的to eat too much fat and salt。 此句型可以做以下拓展： 当adj.修饰事物时，形容词后加for sb.变成“It is+adj.+ for sb.+ to do ...”表示“对于某人来说，做...是...样的”。 如：It is important for teenagers to have enough sleep. 对于青少年来说，有足够的睡眠是很重要的。 当adj.修饰人物时，形容词后加of sb.变成“It is+adj.+ of sb.+ to do ...”表示“某人做...是...样的”。 如：It is polite of you to knock at the door before entering it. 进门前敲门，你这样做是有礼貌的。 · too much表示“太多”，修饰不可数名词；修饰可数名词复数，用too many。 much too表示“太”，修饰形容词或副词，强调程度。 如：He ate too many apples. 他吃了太多的苹果。 The T-shirt is much too small for the boy.这件衬衫对于这个小男孩来说太小了。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 你询问那位女性的年龄是不礼貌的。 (2) 对于学生们来说，课间放松是有必要的。 单项填空 (1) There are ________ interesting books in the school library. I want to read them all. A．too much B．much too C．too many D．many too (2) It’s ______ for us to eat ______ meat every day. A．healthy, too many B．unhealthy, too many C．health, much too D．unhealthy, too much 4. Folk tales have it that Emperor Huizong suffered from stomach pains after eating too much ice. 此句中have it that是固定句型，表示“据说”，常用于Folk tales have it that....“民间传说称...”；Report has it that...“报告显示...，据报道...”等句型。 5. Food is a bridge between cultures. 这个句子用了暗喻的修辞手法，把food比作bridge，表达了食物在文化交流、传播中起到了重要作用。 6. When food crosses borders,sweet things can happen. When food crosses borders是一个when引导的时间状语从句。时间状语从句通常遵循“主将从现”的时态原则，有以下三种情况：主句用一般将来时；主句是祈使句；主句谓语动词含情态动词。 如：When Jim comes back from Zibo, I’ll pick him up at the airport.当吉姆从淄博回来时，我会在机场接他。 [随学随练] 单项填空 She is going to be a teacher when she ________. A．grow up B．grows up C．will grow up D．grew up 4、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) I bought some ________ (点心；小吃) for the picnic. (2) Would you like to have some potato ________ (炸薯条)? (3) It is _________ (危险的) to work on high buildings without help. (4) He is learning ________ (西方的) table manners. (5) In the past, people ________ (贮存) vegetables like cabbages underground. (6) The top of the Great Wall is ______ (平坦的) and wide. People can easily walk on it. (7) The ancient stone ________ (桥) have connected the two villages for hundreds of years. (8) I made a fruit ________ (沙拉) with apples and strawberries. (9) Many kids like ________ (汉堡包), but they are not healthy. (10) The ______ (皇帝) thought it was a great idea and decided to take his advice. (11) It’s amazing that a cow has more than two ________ (胃). (12) If you want to keep healthy, you should keep ________ ________ ________ (均衡饮食) . (13) The children listened carefully when the old man told ________ ________(民间故事). (14) Many people ________ failure ________ (将...视为...)a chance to learn. 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者填上合适的介词。 (1) It’s important for us to have a _________ (balance) diet every day. (2) Don’t eat too many sweet ________ (snack). They’re bad for your teeth. (3) What do you want to eat, chicken, hamburgers, or fish and ________? (chip) (4) Many animals are in ________ (dangerous) because of the loss of their habitats. (5) In ancient China, people ________ (store) ice blocks in winter for use in summer. (6) Doctors say that eating too fast is bad for people’s ________ and may cause a ________. (stomach) (7) Tom and Jim are _______ (twin). They look the same and study in the same class. (8) His mom suggests he ________ to wash his own clothes. (learn) (9) If overweight people eat less and take more exercise, they’ll soon feel much ________ (healthy). (10) Of all the three workers, Mr William lives the ________ (healthy) life, so he can live longer. (11) Trees are good ________ the environment in many ways. (12) It’s dangerous for a young boy _________ (cross) the busy street by himself. (13) When it ________ (get) warmer, we can play in our shorts and T-shirts. (14) Dr Susan Hankinson has studied the________(diet) habits of more than 50,000 women. 3. 单项填空。 (1) —The doctor gave me some advice about my daily ________. —You should really follow his suggestion to keep a balanced one. A．stomach B．meal C．diet D．energy (2) —Art serves as a ________ between different nations. —Yes. It really helps cross-cultural communication. A．river B．wall C．palace D．bridge (3) ________ people are becoming “Heads-down Tribe” (低头族). It’s ________ bad. A．Too many; much too B．Too much; much too C．Much too; too much D．Too many; too much (4) —Did you get an online red packet during the Spring Festival? —Yes. It’s ________ the most popular way of sending traditional festival greetings. A．totally B．widely C．actually D．hardly (5) The robots at CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala are so ________ and smart. A．full B．dark C．delicious D．modern (6) His experience is ________ to mine. We both like sharing food with friends. A．different B．similar C．same D．difficult (7) —What does your math teacher ________ ? —He is of medium height and young. A．look at B．look after C．look for D．look like (8) Tim ________ a lot from his foot problem, but nothing could stop him from finishing the race. A．agreed B．suffered C．raised D．fell (9) The sweater made by my grandmother ________ a lot to my mum, so she wears it every winter. A．adds B．means C．changes D．depends (10) Don’t do that, Jim. It’s very ________ to give food to animals in the zoo. A．dangerous B．folk C．meaningful D．flat 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 按要求完成句子。 (1) 试简述食物的重对人类的重要性。 (2) 垃圾食品富含脂肪、糖和盐，对健康有害。(补全句子)  fat, sugar and salt, which  your health. (3) 民间传说认为这棵树能带来好运。(翻译句子) (4) 我经常听说我们应该尽可能多地吃水果和蔬菜。(翻译句子) (5) 蔬菜总是对我们的身体有好处。(翻译句子) (6) 在中国，长面条是长寿的象征。(翻译句子) 2. 阅读理解 A Would you like to have some cucumber with mashed garlic (蒜泥黄瓜)? When you enjoy this delicious dish, don’t forget to say “thanks” to Zhang Qian. Zhang Qian lived in the Han Dynasty. He was an early traveller on the Silk Road (丝绸之路) and brought many new foods and other things to China. The Silk Road was a long road. It was from China to Central Asia (中亚), and even Europe. Where is this dish from? The cucumber came from South Asia. In early times, Chinese people called it “hugua”. “Hu” means “foreign (外国的)”. That is to say it isn’t from China. Later, its name changed to “huanggua”. What about garlic? Its home was in Central Asia. Zhang Qian brought it to China about 2,000 years ago. Garlic can make many dishes taste better. It is good for our health. What is the Silk Road? The Silk Road was also called “Sweet Road”. It brought many kinds of sweet fruits to China, too. Do you like grapes? They also came from Central Asia. Do you ever see the words “hu”, “yang”, “fan” or “xi” in Chinese names of some foods? These names usually mean that these foods do not come from China, such as “huluobo (carrots)” and “yangcong (onions)”. Can you find more? 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Zhang Qian brought the cucumber back from Central Asia. B．Zhang Qian brought the grapes back from South Asia. C．Garlic came from Central Asia about 2,000 years ago. D．The Silk Road was from China to Europe and Africa. 2．Why was the Silk Road also called “Sweet Road”? A．People got a lot of candies on the road. B．Many sweet fruits came to China through the road. C．People on the road were sweet and friendly. D．The silk on the road was sweet. 3．Which of the following didn’t come from China according to the last paragraph? ①tomatoes                ②bananas                ③watermelons            ④pears A．①③ B．②③ C．①② D．③④ 4．In which part of a newspaper can you read the passage? A．Daily News. B．History Stories. C．Book Reviews. D．Sports World. B We all know that a late-night coffee is a bad idea if you want a good night’s sleep. But could your whole day’s diet also affect how well you rest? Well, a new study from the University of Tsukuba in Japan has found that what we eat may affect how we sleep. Different nutrients (营养物质), such as proteins, carbohydrates, fats and fiber (纤维), might affect our sleep, suggesting that changing our diet could be a way to sleep better. The study looked at the diets and sleep patterns of almost 5,000 people. The data was collected by asking people to use two apps—Asken, where users record what they ate during the day, and Pokemon Sleep, which records sleep habits. The researchers looked at the people’s sleep time, how long it took to fall asleep, and how often they woke up at night. Then, they compared this information with what people were eating. The study found that people who ate more protein (蛋白质) slept about 10 minutes longer than those who ate less. On the other hand, people who ate more fats slept for a shorter time and woke up more often at night. Those with a diet high in carbohydrates (碳水化合物) were less likely to wake up during the night, while people having more fiber fell asleep faster and slept longer. And a diet high in sodium—from salty foods—and low in potassium—found in fruits and vegetables—was linked (联系) with poorer sleep. Of course, the study isn’t perfect. It doesn’t show that diet directly causes these changes. And some other things, such as how much soft drinks people drink or their stress levels, weren’t included. But it does suggest that what we eat could play an important role in sleep health. So if you’re having trouble getting to sleep at night, instead of counting sheep, maybe it’s time to start thinking about the nutrients you ate during the day! 1．According to the passage, what can affect people’s sleep? A．Sleeping habits. B．Sleeping places. C．The diet of a person. D．The order of eating. 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．Having more fiber makes people likely to have a good rest B．Eating more fats may help a person get a good night’s sleep C．A diet high in protein is more likely linked with poorer sleep D．A diet high in carbohydrates may make people wake up often. 3．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To encourage us to change our eating habits B．To remind us to pay attention to our diet. C．To share some advice on getting healthy. D．To compare nutrients’ effects on health. 3. 任务型阅读 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 I grew up as a Chinese American girl in a small town. Although I lived in American culture from birth, my parents raised me with Chinese traditions to help me understand where I came from. Every winter, my parents took me back to China to meet our family and I would learn to cook from my grandma. Once she taught me to make fun gor (粉粿). She added hot water to the wheat starch (淀粉) and mixed the dough. When I tried to roll it out, my dough kept breaking. She laughed and showed me how to roll out several at one time, her hands moving quickly like a machine. As we cooked, she told me fun gor wrappers (皮) are an important part of Guangdong food culture. She also told me stories about other foods, like thousand-year-old eggs. These stories opened a window for me into our history and traditions. Back in the U.S., my parents usually cooked Chinese dishes for me too. I grew up eating Chinese food, so when I started school, I wanted to bring homemade Chinese food for lunch. My mum was happy to help. To get the right ingredients, she often went to the Chinese stores in the city center. My classmates soon noticed my lunch. It looked nothing like their hamburgers, hot dogs or sandwiches. I shared my food with them and explained where each dish came from and what made it special. Some of them grew interested in Chinese food and culture, so I invited them over for dinner. My parents cooked for them, and our dining table became a place of sharing and learning. Last year, I started posting videos of Chinese dishes online because I wanted more people to know about our food and culture. Sharing food helped me make friends and feel proud of who I am. For me, food is more than just something we eat. 1．Who taught the writer to make fun gor? 2．Where did the writer’s mum often get the right ingredients for her Chinese lunch? 3．Why did the writer post videos of Chinese dishes online? 4．Do you agree that food is more than just something we eat? Why or why not? 4. 完形填空 Ravi is from Delhi, India. When he first came to our school, something 1 spread. He brought smelly curried lunches (咖喱饭) in a steel box. “Why doesn’t he eat pizza like us?” Jake said unhappily, 2 Ravi’s lonely lunch table. Our teacher Ms. Lee told the class there would be a “Cultural Food Week”. To Jake’s sadness, he and Ravi became 3 to prepare a dish. Jake went to Ms. Lee and wanted to give up, “Ms. Lee, his food 4 terrible and bad!” But the teacher stopped him. Ravi arrived at Jake’s house with spices (香料), Jake’s mom asked many questions about spices 5 she knew little about spices, like when and how to use them. Ravi answered them patiently and said, “My grandma says spices always tell 6 .” He smiled, showing a photo of his Delhi home. Jake also looked at his own soccer trophy—they have the same 7 —both loved sports!   Before cooking, Jake had trouble 8 onions. Ravi didn’t laugh but said, “Grandma teaches me tears make tastes 9 .” Jake was quiet and began to think, “was this a life lesson?” At the food match, their curry won first. A classmate asked 10 , “Does India only have curried lunches?” Ravi was not angry and his answer surprised Jake, “Just like England isn’t 11 fish and chips!” The crowd laughed. Walking home, Jake knew he was wrong. “Sorry, I didn’t understand the true 12 of your lunch.” Ravi smiled, “Grandma says friendship needs time to keep.” That day, Jake learned something as follows. - Labels (标签) stop people’s mind. They make us see only “foreign kid”, 13 see the soccer fan who misses his grandma.   - Courage breaks ignorance (无知). When Jake finally asked “Why curry?”, he found spices 14 family love, not just smell. - Every person carries a story worth tasting. Ravi’s lunch box held 15 food—it was a door to Delhi streets and grandma’s wisdom. 1．A．bad B．nice C．boring D．interesting 2．A．pointing to B．laughing at C．smiling to D．sitting at 3．A．classmates B．friends C．partners D．neighbours 4．A．looks B．tastes C．sounds D．feels 5．A．but B．because C．after D．until 6．A．jokes B．secrets C．stories D．lies 7．A．interest B．treasure C．trick D．information 8．A．burning B．cutting C．cooking D．picking 9．A．weaker B．richer C．hotter D．stranger 10．A．politely B．patiently C．impolitely D．impatiently 11．A．ever B．still C．only D．even 12．A．meaning B．money C．time D．treat 13．A．always B．often C．never D．usually 14．A．cost B．spent C．took D．carried 15．A．better than B．worse than C．less than D．more than 第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $