专题03 阅读理解（说明文）（广东专用）2026年高考英语一模分类汇编

专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （2026·广东·一模） Cristiano Ronaldo sits on his bed, reminding himself that “sleep is the most important tool that I have,” and that a disciplined routine shapes his performance. The fitness-tracking band on his wrist reflects the close attention he gives to his body. But this once-specialized habit has gradually moved beyond professional sports, becoming part of the lives of ordinary people who want a clearer sense of their health condition. Many wearables on the market provide reliable heart-rate tracking and basic physiological (生理的) data, sufficient for general everyday monitoring. Some advanced models, however, go further. They show how habits like late-night eating or drinking directly influence recovery and readiness for the next day. Rather than offering separate data points, these devices track how small changes build up over time, revealing behavioral patterns that shape overall health trends. Health specialist Jess Whitmore says wearables have become essential tools for top athletes, who now consult their data as naturally as they tie their boots. Yet not everyone welcomes this shift toward constant monitoring. Sports dietitian Jess McGregor warns that the expectation to “train like an athlete” can push ordinary people toward perfectionism and anxiety. The urge to improve everything — sleep scores, readiness ratings, daily stress — can make lives center around numbers. While these numbers offer insight, they cannot replace subjective awareness of energy, emotions or recovery needs. “Everything is being digitized and reduced to numbers,” McGregor says. Perhaps that is the quiet reminder hidden beneath all the data. “When numbers begin to shadow our days, the watch on our wrist can make us forget the body’s gentler signals,” says Dr. Zachary Walston. He adds, “Living a healthy life still means adding enjoyable habits, like evening walks or taking the stairs, and appreciating the pleasure and freedom they bring, rather than simply chasing device targets.” 1．What can we learn about fitness tracking from paragraph 1? A．It controls sports training routines. B．It is adopted to treat sleep disorders. C．It is common among ordinary people. D．It guarantees top athletic performance. 2．What makes advanced wearables different from other products? A．They are designed specifically for night eating. B．They offer separate and independent data points. C．They reveal connections between habits and health. D．They provide rich and solid physiological information. 3．What is Jess McGregor worried about regarding using wearables? A．Reduced enjoyment in daily routines. B．Lack of timely professional guidance. C．Physical injuries from training too hard. D．Mental pressure from chasing numbers. 4．What does Dr. Zachary Walston suggest people do? A．Listen to your physical signals. B．Predict body responses from data. C．Abandon fitness tracking devices. D．Set clear targets for daily exercise. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了健身追踪设备在运动员和普通人中的应用，以及专家对此的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“But this once-specialized habit has gradually moved beyond professional sports, becoming part of the lives of ordinary people who want a clearer sense of their health condition.(但这种曾经专门的习惯已逐渐超越职业体育，成为那些想要更清楚了解自己健康状况的普通人生活的一部分。)”可知，健身追踪在普通人中很常见。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some advanced models, however, go further. They show how habits like late-night eating or drinking directly influence recovery and readiness for the next day.(然而，一些先进的型号更进一步。它们展示了深夜进食或饮酒等习惯如何直接影响第二天的恢复和准备情况。)”可知，先进的可穿戴设备与其他产品的不同之处在于它们揭示了习惯与健康之间的联系。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“The urge to improve everything — sleep scores, readiness ratings, daily stress — can make lives center around numbers. While these numbers offer insight, they cannot replace subjective awareness of energy, emotions or recovery needs.(改善一切——睡眠分数、准备程度评分、日常压力——的冲动可以让生活围绕数字展开。虽然这些数字提供了洞察力，但它们无法取代对能量、情绪或恢复需求的主观意识。)”可知，Jess McGregor担心的是追求数字带来的精神压力。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“When numbers begin to shadow our days, the watch on our wrist can make us forget the body’s gentler signals.(当数字开始笼罩我们的生活时，手腕上的手表会让我们忘记身体发出的微弱信号。)”和“Living a healthy life still means adding enjoyable habits, like evening walks or taking the stairs, and appreciating the pleasure and freedom they bring, rather than simply chasing device targets.(过健康的生活仍然意味着增加一些令人愉快的习惯，比如晚上散步或爬楼梯，并欣赏它们带来的快乐和自由，而不是简单地追求设备目标。)”可知，Zachary Walston博士建议人们倾听自己的身体信号。故选A。 Passage 2 （2026·广东广州·一模） Sound travels as vibrations (振动) through the air. Conventional microphones function by picking up these vibrations. Scientists wondered if they could make microphones that see those vibrations rather than hear them. Now researchers in China have built such a device. Led by physicist Yao Xuri from Beijing Institute of Technology, the team has built a device that photographs the tiny, imperceptible vibrations that sound waves generate on objects. According to Yao, “This technique enables sound detection using everyday items under natural lighting.” This is hardly the first attempt to make a microphone that works with light. Alexander Graham Bell built one back in 1880. He called it a photophone. It operated by using sound waves to deform a mirror, causing reflected light to flash along with the sound. These flashes were then changed back into sound. Modern attempts have been trying to copy this, using high-speed cameras or precise lasers (激光), but such systems are often complex and costly. The Chinese team has adopted an alternative approach: single-pixel (单像素) imaging. “Unlike ordinary cameras which rely on millions of sensors, single-pixel imaging uses just one,” Yao noted. It scans a scene to collect visual data, which is then processed by computers to reconstruct an image. Through this technique, Yao’s team detected how sound waves had shaken a paper card or leaf. A computer then decoded the data into audible sound. The device successfully captured spoken numbers in both Chinese and English and decoded an excerpt from Beethoven’s Für Elise. “This method creates a relatively small amount of data, making it easy to store or upload,” Yao noted. The team is refining the device’s capacity to detect human heartbeat and heart rate, a development that could enable non-contact patient monitoring in medical settings. Currently, the technology only works from about half a meter away, and detecting sound in noisy environments remains a key challenge. That will take more advanced technology and extensive field testing. But if they succeed, we might not just listen to the world around us — we might watch it speak. 1．The underlined word “imperceptible” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______. A．inaudible B．inaccessible C．unpredictable D．unnoticeable 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Research background. B．Study design. C．Technical approaches. D．Key challenges. 3．How does the single-pixel imaging device differ from ordinary cameras? A．It works at a super high speed. B．It processes data with a computer. C．It uses precise lasers to scan scenes. D．It collects data with only one sensor. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of the technology? A．Expectant. B．Doubtful. C．Concerned. D．Uncertain. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍中国团队研发的单像素成像拾音设备，通过“看见”声波振动实现收音，具有潜在医疗应用前景并面临现存挑战。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“the team has built a device that photographs the tiny, imperceptible vibrations that sound waves generate on objects.(该团队制造了一种设备，可以拍摄声波在物体上产生的微小、imperceptible振动)”可知，这种振动非常微小，是人们难以察觉的，因此“imperceptible”意为“不明显的、难以察觉的”。故选D项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“This is hardly the first attempt to make a microphone that works with light. Alexander Graham Bell built one back in 1880.He called it a photophone. It operated by using sound waves to deform a mirror, causing reflected light to flash along with the sound. These flashes were then changed back into sound. Modern attempts have been trying to copy this, using high-speed cameras or precise lasers (激光),but such systems are often complex and costly. (这并不是第一次尝试制造用光工作的麦克风。亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔早在1880年就制造了一个，他称之为光电话。它利用声波使反射镜变形，使反射光随声音一起闪烁，然后这些闪烁被转换回声音。现代的尝试一直在模仿这一技术，使用高速相机或精确的激光，但这样的系统通常复杂且昂贵)”可知，本段主要介绍了相关研究的背景。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Unlike ordinary cameras which rely on millions of sensors, single-pixel imaging uses just one(与依赖数百万个传感器的普通相机不同，单像素成像只使用一个传感器)”可知，单像素成像设备与普通相机的区别在于它只用一个传感器收集数据。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But if they succeed, we might not just listen to the world around us — we might watch it speak.(但如果他们成功了，我们可能不仅能倾听周围的世界，还能“看见”它说话)”可知，作者对这项技术的未来充满期待。故选A项。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 （2026·广东湛江·一模） One sunny afternoon, three-year-old Aisha, an orangutan at the San Diego Zoo, played outside while her father sat nearby. Aisha took a toy and waved it at him. When he didn't respond, Aisha waved the toy in her dad s face and brushed it across the top of his head, making it harder for him to ignore her. Finally, he gave in and watched her. Aisha’s behavior suggests that great apes (类人猿) engage in playful teasing (戏弄) just like humans and that the roots of human humor can go back 1.3 million years to the common ancestors of apes and humans. A study led by Federico Rosson of the University of California includes orangutans, chimpanzees, bonobos, and gorillas in zoos. They carried out a video-based study and identified social interactions that contain a mix of playful and annoying elements. They focused on characteristics such as one-sided provocation (挑衅), surprise, looking at the target’s face, and repetition of the behavior. Despite living in different social structures and environments, all four species of great apes tease one another in similar ways. A teaser might grab another’s hand or foot to stop their activity. Sometimes apes hid under objects when teasing, reaching out a hand suddenly to pull someone’s hair. Targets tended to ignore teasers or try to gently get them away. Sometimes they responded positively with play, or teasing of their own. Other times they just got up and left. While doing playful teasing, the teaser has to predict the target’s response and adjust their behavior based on how the target is likely to respond. Learning to predict how others will respond is a critical skill for highly social animals. The study of playful teasing may not be limited to apes. “We suspect that other highly social animals such as parrots, dolphins, elephants, whales, and dogs, may also engage in this behavior,” said co-researcher, Isabelle Laumer. To gather more data, researchers have surveyed zookeepers and are collecting stories of animal teasing from around the world. 1．Why did Aisha wave a toy at her father? A．To have fun playfully. B．To copy human behavior. C．To attract his attention to her head. D．To show annoyance for ignoring her. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The subjects of the study. B．The findings of the study. C．The approach of the study. D．The structure of the study. 3．What can be learned about the apes? A．The target feels angry at the teaser. B．The teaser focuses on the target’s face. C．The teaser predicts the target’s response. D．The target adapts to the build of the teaser. 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Humor Is Older than Humans. B．Playful Teasing Is Conducted Across Species. C．Study Discovers the Secret of Our Ancestors. D．Zoo Animals Enjoy Taking Each Other by Surprise. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了类人猿（如猩猩、黑猩猩、倭黑猩猩和大猩猩）之间的开玩笑行为，研究表明这种行为与人类的幽默有着共同的起源，并且这种行为可能也存在于其他高度社会化的动物中。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Aisha took a toy and waved it at him. When he didn t respond, Aisha waved the toy in her dad s face and brushed it across the top of his head, making it harder for him to ignore her. Finally, he gave in and watched her. Aisha’s behavior suggests that great apes (类人猿) engage in playfu teasing (戏弄) just like humans (Aisha拿起一个玩具，向父亲挥舞。当父亲没有反应时，Aisha把玩具在他面前挥舞，并在他的头顶上刷过，使他更难忽视她。最终，父亲屈服并看着她。Aisha的行为表明，类人猿和人类一样会开玩笑)”可知，Aisha的行为是开玩笑，是为了有趣地玩耍。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Despite living in different social structures and environments, all four species of great apes tease one another in similar ways.(尽管生活在不同的社会结构和环境中，这四种类人猿都以相似的互相开玩笑的方式)”可知，本段主要讲述了研究的结果，即不同种类的类人猿以相似的开玩笑方式。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“While doing playful teasing, the teaser has to predict the target’s response and adjust their behavior based on how the target is likely to respond.(在进行戏弄时，戏弄者必须预测目标的反应，并根据目标的可能反应调整自己的行为)”可知，开玩笑者会预测目标的反应。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Aisha’s behavior suggests that great apes(类人猿)engage in playful teasing(戏弄)just like humans and that the roots of human humor can go back 1.3million years to the common ancestors of apes and humans.(阿伊莎的行为表明，类人猿和人类一样会开玩笑，而人类幽默的根源可以追溯到130万年前的类人猿和人类的共同祖先)”可知，文章主要介绍了类人猿（如猩猩、黑猩猩、倭黑猩猩和大猩猩）之间的开玩笑行为，研究表明这种行为与人类的幽默有着共同的起源，并且这种行为可能也存在于其他高度社会化的动物中。所以短文的标题为“开玩笑存在于跨物种之中”。故选B。 主题03 人与社会——社会与文化 （2026·广东汕头澄海·一模） In the digital age, the line between “work” and “rest” has blurred. The rise of the “lying flat” (Tang Ping) movement in Asia highlighted a generation’s burnout. However, a new counter-movement, “Ging” (meaning “going”), is gaining traction. Unlike the hustle culture of the 2010s, “Ging” emphasizes movement and flow. Proponents of “Ging” don’t advocate for working 24/7. Instead, they focus on “deep oscillation” — working intensely for short bursts followed by complete digital detox. A 2026 survey by the Asian Youth Institute found that 68% of Gen Z employees felt more productive and less anxious when they adopted this rhythm. “It’s about rhythm, not rest,” says life coach Mei Chen. “Your brain isn’t designed to be ‘on’ or ‘off’ like a switch. It’s designed to wave — high energy, low energy, high energy.” Critics worry this could lead to instability. However, companies like Alibaba and Tencent have started piloting “Flow Hours,” where employees block out time for uninterrupted work, proving that this philosophy is shifting from personal lifestyle to corporate policy. 1．What does the “Ging” movement primarily emphasize? A．Constant productivity and long working hours. B．A rhythmic pattern of intense work and complete rest. C．Complete withdrawal from the workforce. D．Working only during traditional office hours. 2．According to the survey, how did most Gen Z employees feel after adopting the “Ging” rhythm? A．More anxious but wealthier. B．Less productive but happier. C．More productive and less anxious. D．No different from before. 3．What does life coach Mei Chen compare the brain's energy to? A．A battery. B．A switch. C．A wave. D．A river. 4．What is the significance of companies adopting “Flow Hours”? A．It shows that “Ging” is becoming part of official work structures. B．It proves that traditional offices are obsolete. C．It indicates that companies are ignoring employee burnout. D．It means the “lying flat” movement has ended. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了亚洲新兴的“Ging”生活理念及其内涵、影响与应用。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Unlike the hustle culture of the 2010s, “Ging” emphasizes movement and flow.(与2010年代的内卷文化不同，“Ging”强调动态节奏与心流状态。)”以及第二段“Instead, they focus on “deep oscillation”—working intensely for short bursts followed by complete digital detox.(相反，他们注重“深度波动”：短时间高强度投入工作，随后进行彻底的数字断联休息。)”可知，“Ging”主要强调高强度工作与彻底休息相结合的节奏模式。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A 2026 survey by the Asian Youth Institute found that 68% of Gen Z employees felt more productive and less anxious when they adopted this rhythm.(亚洲青年研究院2026年的一项调查显示，68%的Z世代职场人采用这种节奏后，效率更高，焦虑感也更低。)”可知，大多数Z世代员工采用这种节奏后效率更高、焦虑更少。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段““It’s about rhythm, not rest,” says life coach Mei Chen. “Your brain isn’t designed to be ‘on’ or ‘off’ like a switch. It’s designed to wave — high energy, low energy, high energy.”(人生教练Mei Chen表示：“关键在于节奏，而非单纯休息。人的大脑并非像开关那样只有‘开启’或‘关闭’两种状态，它本就是波动运转的——高能、低能、再高能。”)”可知，Mei Chen将大脑的能量模式比作波浪。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“However, companies like Alibaba and Tencent have started piloting “Flow Hours,” where employees block out time for uninterrupted work, proving that this philosophy is shifting from personal lifestyle to corporate policy.(不过，阿里巴巴、腾讯等企业已开始试行“心流时段”，让员工划出不受打扰的专注工作时间。这证明该理念正从个人生活方式转变为企业管理制度。)”可知，企业推行“心流时段”表明“Ging”理念正成为正式工作制度的一部分。故选A。 主题04 人与自然——环境保护 （2026·广东汕头澄海·一模） The concept of “Carbon Neutrality” has moved from boardrooms to living rooms. In 2026, a grassroots movement called “Project 30” challenged households to reduce their carbon footprint by 30% within a year. The results, published in the Journal of Sustainable Living, were surprising. Researchers found that the most effective factor wasn’t access to expensive solar panels, but “behavioral nudging.” Families who received weekly feedback on their energy usage via a smart home app reduced consumption significantly more than those who simply owned energy-efficient appliances. Psychologist Dr. Helen Reid explains: “People often suffer from ‘invisibility bias.’ If you can’t see the electricity flowing, you don’t think about wasting it. Making data visible creates accountability.” However, the study also highlighted the “Rebound Effect.” Some participants, proud of their reduced electricity bills, offset their savings by taking long-haul flights, negating their previous efforts. “Sustainability is holistic,” warns Dr. Reid. “You can’t green wash your way to carbon neutrality by focusing on just one aspect of your life.” 1．What was the key finding of “Project 30”? A．Expensive technology is necessary for carbon reduction. B．Behavioral feedback is more effective than hardware alone. C．Most households cannot reduce their carbon footprint. D．Carbon neutrality is an impossible goal. 2．What does Dr. Reid mean by “invisibility bias”? A．People are blind to the effects of climate change. B．People tend to ignore resources they cannot physically see. C．Energy-efficient appliances are often hidden in homes. D．Smart apps are not visible enough to users. 3．What is the “Rebound Effect” as described in the text? A．When people increase their energy use after buying new appliances. B．When efforts in one area are canceled out by negative actions elsewhere. C．When carbon reduction projects fail due to lack of funding. D．When people become too reliant on technology. 4．What is the main message of the passage? A．Only the wealthy can achieve carbon neutrality. B．Technology alone can solve the climate crisis. C．Sustainable living requires awareness and holistic lifestyle changes. D．Government policies are the only solution to carbon emissions. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2026年“Project 30”草根运动关于家庭碳减排的研究发现及其启示。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Researchers found that the most effective factor wasn’t access to expensive solar panels, but “behavioral nudging.” Families who received weekly feedback on their energy usage via a smart home app reduced consumption significantly more than those who simply owned energy-efficient appliances (研究人员发现，最有效的因素并不是使用昂贵的太阳能电池板，而是“行为引导”。通过智能家居应用程序每周收到能源使用反馈的家庭，比那些仅仅拥有节能电器的家庭减少的能耗要多得多)”可知，“Project 30”的关键发现是行为反馈比单纯的硬件设备更有效。故选B项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段Dr. Reid的解释“If you can’t see the electricity flowing, you don’t think about wasting it (如果你看不到电流流动，你就不会想到浪费它)”可知，“invisibility bias”指的是人们往往忽视那些肉眼无法看到的资源消耗。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“Some participants, proud of their reduced electricity bills, offset their savings by taking long-haul flights, negating their previous efforts (一些参与者为自己的电费减少而自豪，却通过长途旅行抵消了节省下来的能耗，使之前的努力付诸东流)”可知，“Rebound Effect”指的是一个领域的努力被其他地方的负面行为所抵消。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第四段的句子““Sustainability is holistic,” warns Dr. Reid. “You can't green wash your way to carbon neutrality by focusing on just one aspect of your life.” (里德博士警告说：“可持续发展是整体性的。你不能只关注生活的一个方面，就用漂绿的方式实现碳中和。”)”可知，文章的主要观点是可持续生活需要意识的提升和整体生活方式的改变。故选C项。 Passage 2 （2026·广东汕头澄海·一模） In the remote mountains of Sichuan, a new generation of panda keepers is using drones and big data to protect the endangered species. Unlike the traditional image of keepers hand-feeding pandas, 24-year-old Lin Wei spends most of his day analyzing thermal imaging footage. “We used to track pandas by following their footprints,” Lin explains. “Now, we let the algorithms do the walking. Drones equipped with AI can identify individual pandas based on their unique fur patterns in seconds.” This shift hasn’t been without challenges. Older rangers were skeptical about replacing human intuition with cold data. However, a recent incident proved the technology’s worth. When a sudden landslide blocked the usual patrol route, the drone network detected a distressed panda cub separated from its mother. The rescue team was dispatched immediately using GPS coordinates provided by the drone, saving the cub’s life. Critics argue that technology creates a barrier between humans and nature. Lin disagrees: “Technology doesn’t replace our love for these animals; it extends our reach. We can now protect pandas in areas too dangerous for humans to access regularly.” 1．What is the main difference between old and new panda protection methods? A．Old methods relied on drones, while new methods use footprints. B．New methods prioritize data analysis over physical tracking. C．Old methods were more expensive than new technological methods. D．New methods completely eliminate the need for human rangers. 2．What does the underlined word “skeptical” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Supportive and enthusiastic. B．Doubtful and unconvinced. C．Indifferent and uninterested. D．Fearful and anxious. 3．What does Lin Wei think is the ultimate goal of using technology in conservation? A．To prove that algorithms are smarter than humans. B．To replace all human interaction with animals. C．To protect animals in inaccessible or dangerous areas. D．To reduce the budget for wildlife reserves. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the use of technology in panda conservation? A．Objective and neutral. B．Highly critical. C．Overly enthusiastic. D．Confused and uncertain. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍四川偏远山区熊猫饲养员运用无人机和大数据保护熊猫，以及这种新方式的挑战与价值。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Unlike the traditional image of keepers hand-feeding pandas, 24-year-old Lin Wei spends most of his day analyzing thermal imaging footage.(与饲养员亲手喂熊猫的传统形象不同，24岁的林伟大部分时间都在分析热成像镜头)”和第二段中的““We used to track pandas by following their footprints,” Lin explains. “Now, we let the algorithms do the walking.”(“我们过去通过追踪熊猫的足迹来寻找它们，”林解释说。“现在，我们让算法来完成这项工作。”)”可知，旧的熊猫保护方法依赖实地追踪（如追踪足迹），新方法则侧重数据分析（如分析热成像、用算法追踪），即新方法优先数据分析而非实地追踪。故选B项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“This shift hasn’t been without challenges. Older rangers were skeptical about replacing human intuition with cold data. However, a recent incident proved the technology’s worth.(这种转变并非没有挑战。年长的护林员对用冰冷的数据取代人类的直觉持skeptical态度。然而，最近的一件事证明了这项技术的价值)”可知，前后句为转折关系，后句提到技术的价值得到证明，可推断前文年长护林员对这种转变是持怀疑态度的，由此猜测skeptical意为“怀疑的、不相信的”，与Doubtful and unconvinced意思相近。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Lin disagrees: “Technology doesn’t replace our love for these animals; it extends our reach. We can now protect pandas in areas too dangerous for humans to access regularly.”(林不同意这种说法：“技术并没有取代我们对这些动物的爱；它扩大了我们的保护范围。我们现在可以在人类难以定期进入的危险区域保护熊猫。”)”可知，林伟认为在保护工作中使用技术的最终目的是保护那些人类难以进入或危险区域的动物。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。文章客观介绍了熊猫保护中新技术的应用（新方法的优势、具体应用场景），也提到了这种转变面临的挑战（年长护林员的怀疑）和批评者的观点，最后引用林伟的话补充说明技术的价值，全文未体现作者自身的主观偏向，既不极力批判也不过度推崇，态度是客观中立的。故选A项。 Passage 3 （2026·广东大湾区·一模） If the Amazon forest is to disappear, Altamira in Brazil is the town where that end could be foreseen. During the region’s development, a road was cut through the heart of the forest, marking an era of widespread destruction that remade the Amazon. Altamira thus became known in local media as the “champion of deforestation.” Now Brazilian officials think this expansive town can also be the site of the forest’s rebirth. This year, the government set out to test a question that until now has largely been left to researchers: If left alone, can the Amazon forest restore itself? To test this assumption, officials closed off a degraded parcel of land and leased (租赁) it to a private carbon credit company to safeguard and restore. “Some of the tasks will be done by planting trees. But most of the restoration job will be left to Mother Nature. It’s called passive restoration. This is opening a new model that may be applied across the state,” said Governor Barbalho. The search for solutions in the Amazon couldn’t be more urgent. Rates of deforestation have been dropping since the government made fighting environmental crime a priority, but the destruction hasn’t stopped. Nearly 6,300 square kilometers were lost last year, bringing the ecosystem closer to what scientists warn is a tipping point, when the Amazon is no longer able to maintain its own rainy ecosystem. Evidence of its arrival is springing up: dried riverbeds, forest fires, punishing droughts, and increased tree death. Scientists have predicted the forest could experience a broad ecological collapse by 2050, when 10 — 47% of it will be exposed to various disturbances that could activate unexpected ecosystem changes. But other research has also provided cause for hope. Despite the delicate nature of the Amazon’s ecosystem, the forest has also demonstrated a remarkable capacity for recovery. A recent study showed that roughly 72,000 square kilometers of destroyed forest are already in an advanced stage of natural recovery. 1．What do we know about Altamira from paragraph 1? A．It reshaped the Amazon area. B．It saw the rebirth of the forest. C．It benefited from the new road. D．It headed the forest destruction. 2．What is the core belief behind passive restoration? A．Nature knows the right way. B．Companies make better guardians. C．Tree-planting is a quicker fix. D．A hands-off government is the key. 3．What makes it critical to restore the Amazon rainforest? A．Deforestation rates are ever-rising. B．The rainy ecosystem has collapsed. C．A point of no return is approaching. D．Spring has brought lots of disasters. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Can Private Companies Help? B．Can Passive Restoration Last? C．Can Altamira Stop Deforestation? D．Can Amazon Avoid Disappearing? 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了巴西小镇阿尔塔米拉曾是森林破坏的“冠军”，如今政府尝试通过被动修复让亚马逊森林重生，以避免其消失。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Altamira thus became known in local media as the “champion of deforestation.”(因此，阿尔塔米拉被当地媒体称为“森林砍伐冠军”)”可知，阿尔塔米拉曾引领森林破坏。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“But most of the restoration job will be left to Mother Nature. It’s called passive restoration.(但大部分修复工作将留给大自然。这被称为被动修复)”可知，被动修复的核心信念是相信自然知道正确的修复方式。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Nearly 6,300 square kilometers were lost last year, bringing the ecosystem closer to what scientists warn is a tipping point, when the Amazon is no longer able to maintain its own rainy ecosystem.(去年损失了近6300平方公里，使生态系统更接近科学家警告的临界点，届时亚马逊将无法维持自己的雨林生态系统)”可知，亚马逊雨林恢复的关键在于避免接近无法挽回的临界点。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段“Despite the delicate nature of the Amazon’s ecosystem, the forest has also demonstrated a remarkable capacity for recovery.(尽管亚马逊生态系统很脆弱，但森林也表现出了惊人的恢复能力)”可知，文章主要探讨了亚马逊森林能否通过修复避免消失的问题，D选项“Can Amazon Avoid Disappearing?(亚马逊能否避免消失？)”适合作为标题。故选D。 Passage 4 （2026·广东深圳·一模） Researchers from the University of Buenos Aires have successfully used a robotic tutor to teach the male chingolo, a kind of small bird in South America, a song that was once part of the species’ culture but had been lost for more than half a century. Male chingolos learn their unique, two-second melody from adult males. “It is a distinctive song — like a fingerprint, but learned,” says one of the researchers. “It serves to attract females and protect territory. It is the bird’s way of saying, “This is me, and here I am.” However, urbanization and habitat loss have broken this learning chain, causing local song “dialects” to disappear. Driven by this problem, researchers took on a pioneering task: bringing back a song that had disappeared from the wild — known only from a musical record made in the 1960s — to a population of chingolos. Using physics-based modeling of the bird’s vocal tract (声道) , the team first created an accurate artificial version of the lost song. They then engineered this model into a physical device designed to broadcast the forgotten melody — a “robotic tutor.” This artificial song was introduced to the chingolos in the park during their critical learning period from October to February. The sessions took place during peak singing hours and were limited to a maximum of eight hours. There were random pauses (停顿) in between so that the birds interpreted the playback from the three devices placed in the area as a real exchange, as if these devices were responding to each other. This stimulated the birds’ vocal responses. The results were impressive. Young chingolos learned and adopted the song, though they added their own population’s “accent” to the final trill (颤音) , which showed that their singing is shaped by learned behaviors and inborn characteristics. “This is about preserving not just genetic, but cultural biodiversity,” says another researcher. The team is now developing AI systems to automatically identify individual bird songs and planning to study cultural spread in bird populations to ensure that bird culture is not lost again. 1．Why did the researchers teach the birds the song? A．To save an endangered species. B．To study the birds’ brain structure. C．To develop new robotic devices. D．To preserve the birds’ cultural heritage. 2．What is a role of chingolos’ song? A．It keeps hunters away from them. B．It helps them adapt to urban growth. C．It functions as their social identity. D．It makes them remember their habitat. 3．What is the purpose of the random pauses? A．To protect the birds’ vocal tract. B．To test the birds’ reaction speed. C．To push the birds to catch the beat. D．To trick the birds into interaction. 4．What can we learn from chingolos’ learning results? A．The song has spread to other bird species. B．Their singing shows special vocal features. C．Their response to the song needs improving. D．The effectiveness depends on their population. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了布宜诺斯艾利斯大学的研究人员成功利用机器人导师，让一种南美小鸟——雄性红领带鹀重新学会了一首曾是该物种文化一部分，但已消失半个多世纪的歌曲，以及研究过程、结果和意义。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers from the University of Buenos Aires have successfully used a robotic tutor to teach the male chingolo, a kind of small bird in South America, a song that was once part of the species’ culture but had been lost for more than half a century.(布宜诺斯艾利斯大学的研究人员已成功使用机器人导师，教南美一种小型鸟类 —— 雄性红领带鹀 学习一首曾属于该物种文化、但已消失半个多世纪的鸣唱)”以及最后一段“This is about preserving not just genetic, but cultural biodiversity (这不仅是为了保护遗传多样性，也是为了保护文化多样性)”可知，研究人员教鸟儿这首歌是为了保护鸟类的文化遗产。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“It serves to attract females and protect territory. It is the bird’s way of saying, “This is me, and here I am.” (它用来吸引雌鸟和保护领地。这是鸟儿表达“这就是我，我就在这里”的方式。)”可知，红领带鹀的歌声是它们的社会身份标识。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“There were random pauses (停顿) in between so that the birds interpreted the playback from the three devices placed in the area as a real exchange, as if these devices were responding to each other. This stimulated the birds’ vocal responses. (中间有随机停顿，这样鸟儿就会把放置在该区域的三个设备播放的声音当作真实的交流，就好像这些设备在互相回应一样。这刺激了鸟类的发声反应。)”可知，随机停顿的目的是诱使鸟儿进行互动。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Young chingolos learned and adopted the song, though they added their own population’s “accent” to the final trill (颤音) , which showed that their singing is shaped by learned behaviors and inborn characteristics. (年轻的红领带鹀学习并采用了这首歌，尽管它们在最后的颤音中加入了自己种群的“口音”，这表明它们的歌声是由习得行为和先天特征共同塑造的。)”可知，从红领带鹀的学习结果中我们可以了解到它们的歌声表现出特殊的发声特征。故选B项。 Passage 5 （2026·广东梅州·一模） Coral reefs, long hailed as centers of marine biodiversity, are now being revealed as powerful conductors of microscopic life in the waters around them. A pioneering study led by Dr. Herdis Steinsdóttir demonstrates that reefs actively shape daily rhythms in nearby microbial communities, changing their makeup and numbers over each 24-hour period. Published in Science Advances, the research monitored microbes in the northern Gulf of Aqaba in the Red Sea. By comparing waters close to reefs with open ocean areas during both winter and summer, and collecting samples every six hours, the team uncovered clear daily and seasonal patterns previously missed. They employed advanced methods like genetic sequencing and high-resolution imaging to track bacteria, microalgae, and microscopic predators with great detail. Key findings emerged. Reef waters consistently had lower counts of bacteria and microalgae compared to open waters, pointing to active removal by reef life. In contrast, populations of heterotrophic protists — tiny predators that consume bacteria — reached their highest levels at night, sometimes increasing by 80%. This nighttime spike emphasizes predation (捕食) as a major force driving changes in microbial communities. Another major discovery involved Symbiodiniaceae, the microscopic algae (微观藻类) that live in symbiosis with corals. Their genetic markers peaked around midday in reef waters, suggesting a daily cycle tied to light availability and coral biological activity. This highlights the reef’s active, not passive, role in organizing microbial life. As co-author Dr. Frada stated, “Reefs generate daily patterns that repeat with the seasons and affect how energy moves through the system.” Importantly, the study found that these daily microbial rhythms were as powerful as seasonal changes, stressing the critical need to consider time of day in ecological studies. By combining genetic, imaging, and environmental data, the research provided a comprehensive, time-based picture of microbial life around reefs. It not only deepens our understanding of reefs’ broader ecological influence but also paves the way for new conservation approaches that use an understanding of microbial rhythms to protect these vital ecosystems. 1．What is the main finding of the study led by Dr. Steinsdottir? A．Coral reefs are facing unprecedented threats from microbial activities. B．Microbial populations near reefs show changes only with the seasons. C．Reefs actively create daily rhythmic patterns in nearby microbial populations. D．Reefs passively host a diverse but stable community of microbes year-round. 2．What can be inferred about heterotrophic protists from paragraph 3? A．They are most active during the day B．They are a primary food source for corals. C．They are less abundant in reef waters than in the open ocean. D．Their population rise helps control bacterial numbers at night. 3．Why does the author quote Dr. Frada in paragraph 4? A．To emphasize the passive nature of coral reefs. B．To highlight the seasonal stability of reef ecosystems. C．To stress the active role of reefs in shaping microbial cycles. D．To explain the sampling methodology already used in the study. 4．What is the significance of the discovery that daily rhythms are as strong as seasonal ones? A．It proves that seasonal changes are irrelevant to reef studies. B．It suggests that time of day is a crucial factor in ecological research. C．It shows that all marine ecosystems operate on identical daily cycles. D．It indicates that microbial activity is unrelated to environmental changes. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍Steinsdóttir博士团队的研究，揭示珊瑚礁对周边微生物群落日常节律的积极塑造作用及研究意义。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A pioneering study led by Dr. Herdis Steinsdóttir demonstrates that reefs actively shape daily rhythms in nearby microbial communities, changing their makeup and numbers over each 24-hour period.(赫迪斯·斯坦斯多蒂尔博士领导的一项开创性研究表明，珊瑚礁积极塑造周边微生物群落的日常节律，每24小时改变它们的组成和数量)”可知，该研究的主要发现是珊瑚礁积极创造周边微生物群落的日常节律模式。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In contrast, populations of heterotrophic protists — tiny predators that consume bacteria — reached their highest levels at night, sometimes increasing by 80%. This nighttime spike emphasizes predation (捕食) as a major force driving changes in microbial communities.(相比之下，异养原生生物——以细菌为食的小型捕食者——的数量在夜间达到最高水平，有时会增加80%。这种夜间激增凸显了捕食是推动微生物群落变化的主要力量)”可推断，异养原生生物的数量上升有助于在夜间控制细菌数量。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“This highlights the reef’s active, not passive, role in organizing microbial life. As co-author Dr. Frada stated, “Reefs generate daily patterns that repeat with the seasons and affect how energy moves through the system.”(这凸显了珊瑚礁在组织微生物生命方面的积极作用，而非被动作用。正如合著者弗拉达博士所说：“珊瑚礁产生随季节重复的日常模式，并影响能量在系统中的流动方式。”)”可知，作者引用弗拉达博士的话是为了强调珊瑚礁在塑造微生物节律中的积极作用。故选C项。 4．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Importantly, the study found that these daily microbial rhythms were as powerful as seasonal changes, stressing the critical need to consider time of day in ecological studies.(重要的是，该研究发现这些微生物的日常节律与季节变化同样强烈，强调了在生态研究中考虑一天中时间因素的迫切需要)”可知，这一发现的意义在于表明一天中的时间是生态研究中的关键因素。故选B项。 主题01 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （2026·广东深圳·一模） When you rub (摩擦) a balloon on your skin, it produces electricity — a familiar example of charge separation (电荷分离), a process in which opposite charges are separated, creating electric potential. Similarly, raindrops striking a narrow tube create a tiny yet significant burst of energy. Now, researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) have tapped into this effect to generate electricity using rain-like droplets. Conventional hydropower (水力发电) relies on large water flows, which only work in places like rivers. For smaller, slower flows, researchers have explored charge separation. They use a tube to let water flow through it continuously. Charges gather on the surface that the water touches. In this way, researchers can collect charges, but it is far from effective. To solve this problem, the NUS team built a special device. At both ends of the device — the top of the newly-designed tube (about 2 millimeters in width), and the water-collecting cup at the bottom — electrical wires were placed to harvest charges. First, water is released from a metal needle, forming rain-like droplets. When these droplets enter the tube, their impacts create “plug flow,” in which the water forms mini columns separated by air gaps. This flow is crucial because it allows more surface contact and more time for charges to build up, generating up to 100, 000times more charge separation than continuous flow. As charged droplets exit the tube and fall into the cup, charges build up in the water, creating an electric current. In tests, four tubes produced enough electricity to power 12 LED lights continuously for 20 seconds. According to the study’s lead author, this model shows how rain can be used to generate clean electricity effectively and sustainably, especially in rainy places such as Singapore. Its potential is enormous, as it offers an alternative energy source even in cities. Imagine a rain collection device on your roof, producing small amounts of electricity whenever it rains — a small step for a raindrop, but a giant leap for sustainable energy technology. 1．What problem do the NUS researchers aim to solve? A．The difficulty of separating charges. B．The lack of clean electricity sources. C．The inefficiency of charge harvesting. D．The damage of traditional hydropower. 2．Which of the following best illustrates “plug flow”? A． B． C． D． 3．What is the last paragraph mainly about concerning the model? A．Its potential cost in urban areas. B．Its promising use in green energy. C．Its complex design for rain power. D．Its practical need for more devices. 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Revolutionary Energy from Raindrops B．Urgent Demand for Sustainable Energy C．Capturing Raindrops through Innovation D．Turning Charge Separation into Electricity 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新加坡国立大学的研究人员通过利用雨滴撞击窄管产生的电荷分离效应，开发出一种新型发电装置，有效解决了小流量水发电效率低的问题，展示了雨滴发电在绿色能源领域的巨大潜力。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“For smaller, slower flows, researchers have explored charge separation. They use a tube to let water flow through it continuously. Charges gather on the surface that the water touches. In this way, researchers can collect charges, but it is far from effective. (对于更小、更慢的水流，研究人员已经探索了电荷分离。他们用一根管子让水不断流过。电荷聚集在水接触的表面。通过这种方式，研究人员可以收集电荷，但效果远不理想。)”可知，研究人员面临的问题是收集电荷的效率很低。因此，NUS研究人员旨在解决的问题是电荷收集的低效性。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“When these droplets enter the tube, their impacts create “plug flow,” in which the water forms mini columns separated by air gaps. (当这些水滴进入管道时，它们的撞击会产生“塞流”，即水形成由气隙隔开的小柱。)”可知，“塞流”指的是水形成由气隙隔开的小柱，结合选项可知，D项符合“塞流”的特点。故选D项。 3．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“According to the study’s lead author, this model shows how rain can be used to generate clean electricity effectively and sustainably, especially in rainy places such as Singapore. Its potential is enormous, as it offers an alternative energy source even in cities. Imagine a rain collection device on your roof, producing small amounts of electricity whenever it rains — a small step for a raindrop, but a giant leap for sustainable energy technology. (根据该研究的主要作者的说法，这个模型展示了如何有效地和可持续地利用雨水来发电，特别是在像新加坡这样的多雨地区。它的潜力是巨大的，因为它即使在城市中也提供了一种替代能源。想象一下，在你的屋顶上有一个雨水收集装置，每当下雨时都能产生少量的电力——对雨滴来说是一小步，但对可持续能源技术来说是一大步。)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是该模型在绿色能源方面有前景的应用。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Now, researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) have tapped into this effect to generate electricity using rain-like droplets. (现在，新加坡国立大学（NUS）的研究人员利用这种效应，利用类似雨滴的水滴发电。)”可知，文章主要介绍了新加坡国立大学的研究人员利用雨滴撞击窄管产生的电荷分离效应来发电，展示了雨滴发电在绿色能源领域的巨大潜力，因此，A项“Revolutionary Energy from Raindrops (来自雨滴的革命性能源)”是最合适的标题。故选A项。 Passage 2 （2026·广东·一模） What if the computers of tomorrow didn’t depend on metal and plastic, but instead grew from the soil beneath our feet? This idea is turning into reality in a laboratory, where researchers at The Ohio State University have found that common fungi — such as shiitake and button mushrooms — can be used to create memory components for computing. These mushroom-based devices act as organic memristors (忆阻器), short for memory resistors. Unlike traditional resistors, memristors have the unique ability to retain information about past electrical states. When current flows in one direction, their resistance increases; when it flows the opposite way, their resistance decreases. Even after the power is switched off, the resistance level remains, thus allowing memristors to function like tiny memory units inside a computer. Mushrooms contain a dense, thread-like network known as mycelium (菌丝体), which can send tiny electrical signals — much like memristors do. To test this, scientists attached wires to dried mushrooms and sent small electrical pulses through them. The results were remarkable: the mushrooms switched between electrical states up to 5,850 times per second with about 90% accuracy. Although their performance dropped under higher electrical frequencies, stability returned when several mushrooms were linked together — suggesting a kind of collective intelligence, similar to how brain cells function together. Beyond these exciting results, mushrooms come with major environmental advantages. Traditional memristors rely on scarce minerals and require high energy consumption. Mushrooms, however, are renewable, biodegradable, and easy to grow. Their mycelium can also be shaped into custom structures, making them suitable for wearable electronics, smart sensors, and other emerging technologies. “Everything needed to explore organic computing could be as small as a pile of natural waste and some homemade electronics — or as large as a culturing factory,” said John LaRocco, the study’s lead author. “All of it is achievable with the resources we already have.” In the not-too-distant future, the computers on our desks may very well have taken root — quite literally — in the forest. 1．What does the underlined word “retain” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Track. B．Store. C．Gather. D．Analyze. 2．What does the author want to illustrate by mentioning brain cells in paragraph 3? A．The complex structure of mushrooms. B．The rapid electrical response of mycelium. C．The cooperative nature of mycelium networks. D．The unstable performance of mushroom devices. 3．What advantages do mushroom-based memristors have according to paragraph 4? A．They are rare and special. B．They are smart and powerful. C．They are creative and productive. D．They are sustainable and adaptable. 4．What can be inferred about organic computing from John LaRocco’s words? A．It has a low barrier to entry. B．It will advance forest research. C．It helps reduce agricultural waste. D．It will create more jobs in factories. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了俄亥俄州立大学的研究发现，蘑菇可制成有机忆阻器，具备信息存储功能，且环保可再生，未来可用于新型计算设备。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段“These mushroom-based devices act as organic memristors (忆阻器), short for memory resistors. Unlike traditional resistors, memristors have the unique ability to retain information about past electrical states. (这些基于蘑菇的器件充当有机忆阻器，即存储电阻器的缩写。与传统电阻器不同，忆阻器具有retain过去电状态信息的独特能力)”以及“Even after the power is switched off, the resistance level remains, thus allowing memristors to function like tiny memory units inside a computer.(即使在电源关闭后，电阻水平仍然存在，因此允许忆阻器像计算机内的微型存储单元一样工作)”可知，忆阻器能存储过去电状态信息，断电后电阻水平仍保持，就像存储信息一样，retain 意为“存储、保留”，与store意义相近。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Although their performance dropped under higher electrical frequencies, stability returned when several mushrooms were linked together — suggesting a kind of collective intelligence, similar to how brain cells function together. (尽管在较高电频率下它们的性能下降，但当多个蘑菇连接在一起时稳定性恢复——这表明一种集体智能，类似于脑细胞共同工作的方式)”可知，作者意在说明菌丝体网络的协作特性。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Mushrooms, however, are renewable, biodegradable, and easy to grow. Their mycelium can also be shaped into custom structures, making them suitable for wearable electronics, smart sensors, and other emerging technologies. (然而蘑菇是可再生、可生物降解且易于种植的。它们的菌丝体还可以被塑造成定制结构，使其适用于可穿戴电子设备、智能传感器和其他新兴技术)”可知，蘑菇基忆阻器具有可持续性和适应性。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Everything needed to explore organic computing could be as small as a pile of natural waste and some homemade electronics — or as large as a culturing factory,” said John LaRocco, the study’s lead author. “All of it is achievable with the resources we already have.”(该研究的主要作者约翰·拉罗科说：“探索有机计算所需的一切都可以，小至一堆天然废物和一些自制电子产品，也可以大至一个养殖厂。”。“用我们现有的资源，所有这些都是可以实现的。”)”可推知，探索有机计算所需资源简单，用已有资源就能实现，说明其进入门槛低。故选A。 Passage 3 （2026·广东惠州·一模） Using artificial intelligence to create artworks increases artists’ productivity and generates more positive reactions, according to a study involving submissions to a popular art-sharing website by more than 50,000 users. But generative AI works are more likely to display stereotypical (刻板印象的) themes, reducing the novelty of an artist’s work. The researchers tracked 4 million works published on the website by the artists. The artists self-divided into two groups: those who continued to work using traditional methods — a sort of control group, and those who adopted AI. The latter group, numbering about 5,800, were identified by the use of tags (标签) on their work, such as “AI-generated” or the names of the AI tools. Works posted into AI art communities on the site were also included. Artists who adopted AI tools saw their productivity measured by the number of works posted increase by 25 percent over the study period. They also saw a 50 percent rise in the number of  “favourites” their work received over six months. But novelty, measured by the subject matter and specific details of the work, decreased for the AI-using group. “The study completely tracks with my own experience with these tools and spaces,” says Andres Guadamuz at the University of Sussex, UK. “At first, it felt that you could do anything, bring anything in your head into existence, but the more I used them, the more I kept coming back to themes I liked.” Guadamuz points out that he isn’t judging the quality of the images produced by generative AI nor their originality, nor the creativity involved in the process. All these things are often hotly contested, with some artists saying that generative AI is using their works as training data and limiting their ability to be recognized as creatives. Zhou at Boston University is also considering these questions. He says, “The generative technology accelerates the ability to produce. But it raises other issues: Are we foregoing the process of understanding what goes into being creative and producing something meaningful, in favour of just being able to brute force our way with technology?” 1．What do we know about the artworks created by AI according to paragraph 1? A．They are abundant but less creative. B．They are generative but less popular. C．They balance popularity with artistic depth. D．They attract viewers with the trendy subjects. 2．How was the study conducted? A．By surveying artists’ opinions on AI tools using. B．By analyzing suggestions on generative AI works. C．By comparing artworks with different AI involvement. D．By observing the process of AI-assisted artistic creation. 3．What can be inferred from Guadamuz’s statement? A．AI tools help artists explore new creative styles. B．AI users receive more recognition for their creativity. C．Artists believe AI improves the quality of their artworks. D．Artists may repeat themes they like when using AI tools. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Unstoppable Rise of AI Artworks. B．The Breakthrough of AI in Artistic Creation. C．The Role of AI in Artistic Productivity. D．The Double-Edged Sword of AI in Artworks. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项关于使用人工智能创作艺术作品的研究，表明人工智能能提高艺术家的创作效率和作品受欢迎程度，但也会降低作品的新颖性，揭示了人工智能在艺术创作中的双刃剑作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Using artificial intelligence to create artworks increases artists’ productivity and generates more positive reactions, according to a study involving submissions to a popular art-sharing website by more than 50,000 users. But generative AI works are more likely to display stereotypical (刻板印象的) themes, reducing the novelty of an artist’s work.(一项涉及 5 万多名用户向一个流行的艺术分享网站提交作品的研究表明，使用人工智能创作艺术作品可以提高艺术家的创作效率，并引发更多积极的反应。但生成式人工智能作品更有可能展示刻板印象的主题，降低了艺术家作品的新颖性)”可知，人工智能创作的艺术作品数量增多（提高了创作效率），但由于展示刻板印象的主题，所以创造性有所降低。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“The researchers tracked 4 million works published on the website by the artists. The artists self-divided into two groups: those who continued to work using traditional methods — a sort of control group, and those who adopted AI. The latter group, numbering about 5,800, were identified by the use of tags (标签) on their work, such as “AI-generated” or the names of the AI tools. Works posted into AI art communities on the site were also included.(研究人员追踪了艺术家们在该网站上发布的 400 万件作品。艺术家们自行分为两组：一组是继续使用传统方法创作的人——这有点像对照组，另一组是采用人工智能创作的人。后一组大约有 5800 人，通过他们作品上的标签来识别，比如 “人工智能生成” 或人工智能工具的名称。发布在该网站人工智能艺术社区的作品也包括在内)”以及第三段对两组作品在创作效率、受欢迎程度和新颖性等方面的对比可知，这项研究是通过比较有不同人工智能参与度的艺术作品来进行的。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的““The study completely tracks with my own experience with these tools and spaces,” says Andres Guadamuz at the University of Sussex, UK. “At first, it felt that you could do anything, bring anything in your head into existence, but the more I used them, the more I kept coming back to themes I liked.”(英国苏塞克斯大学的安德烈斯・瓜达穆兹说：“这项研究与我自己使用这些工具和创作空间的经历完全相符。一开始，感觉你可以做任何事情，把你脑海中的任何东西都变成现实，但我使用得越多，就越会回到我喜欢的主题上。”)”可知，从瓜达穆兹的话中可以推断出，艺术家在使用人工智能工具时可能会重复他们喜欢的主题。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Using artificial intelligence to create artworks increases artists’ productivity and generates more positive reactions, according to a study involving submissions to a popular art-sharing website by more than 50,000 users. But generative AI works are more likely to display stereotypical (刻板印象的) themes, reducing the novelty of an artist’s work.(一项涉及 5 万多名用户向一个流行的艺术分享网站提交作品的研究表明，使用人工智能创作艺术作品可以提高艺术家的创作效率，并引发更多积极的反应。但生成式人工智能作品更有可能展示刻板印象的主题，降低了艺术家作品的新颖性)”可知，文章既提到了人工智能在艺术创作中能提高创作效率和受欢迎程度的积极作用，也指出了它会降低作品新颖性的消极影响，体现了人工智能在艺术创作中的利和弊，所以题目“人工智能在艺术作品中的双刃剑”概括了文章的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选D。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （2026·广东梅州·一模） Mr. Johnson, a high school history teacher, had long noticed a worrying trend in his classroom. While his students could carefully remember dates, names and events for exams, they always failed to understand the human side of history. To them, the past seemed a fixed set of facts, without emotion, struggle or personal meaning. Wanting to fix this gap, Mr. Johnson decided to completely change his teaching way in the middle of the semester, trading a traditional research report for a story-writing task. He asked his students to pick a historical figure and write a detailed story from that person’s own point of view. The task was confusing at first, but soon the classroom was full of active questions and discussion. One student learned deeply about the life of a young soldier in World War I, writing a sad and moving story of the mud, fear and fragile friendship in the trench lines. Another told the story of a female scholar from the Renaissance, making up a tale of her love for learning being held back by social rules. The thorough research and creative care for how the figure felt that the students showed was amazing. Mr. Johnson was surprised by the big change in his students. The essays he got were not just correct; they were full of real feelings and a clear understanding of people’s thoughts. The students had stopped just repeating facts and truly connected with history, seeing historical figures as people with many different sides instead of just names from a long time ago. In later class talks, their questions changed from “What happened?” to “Why did they feel that way?” and “What would I have done?”. This story-writing method didn’t just help them remember facts better; it built up their ability to think deeply and their real care for how others felt. Inspired by this success, Mr. Johnson has now made story-telling a regular part of his lessons. He believes that when students learn to experience history through story-telling, they do more than just remember it — they start to understand its long-lasting effects on their own lives and what it means to be human in general. In his classroom, history is no longer just a subject about the past; it has become a talk with the past. 1．What was Mr. Johnson’s initial problem with his students? A．They preferred science over history. B．They were not interested in history at all. C．They could not memorize historical facts. D．They lacked emotional connection to history. 2．How did Mr. Johnson change his teaching method? A．He gave more tests on dates and names in history class. B．He asked students to write from a historical person’s view. C．He showed more historical documentaries with facts. D．He invited historians to give lectures in his classroom. 3．What did the students’ essays demonstrate after the new assignment? A．They contained more dates and facts than before. B．They showed better memorization of historical events. C．They reflected emotional understanding and personal insight. D．They were shorter but more accurate than previous work. 4．What is the main message of the text? A．History is more than facts — it’s human stories. B．Teachers should use more technology in class. C．Students prefer creative writing to exams. D．Storytelling is only useful in English class. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍约翰逊老师发现学生对历史缺乏情感联结，通过让学生写历史人物故事改变教学方式，帮助学生理解历史的人文意义。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“While his students could carefully remember dates, names and events for exams, they always failed to understand the human side of history. To them, the past seemed a fixed set of facts, without emotion, struggle or personal meaning.(虽然他的学生能为了考试认真记住日期、姓名和事件，但他们总是无法理解历史的人文层面。对他们来说，过去似乎是一系列固定的事实，没有情感、挣扎或个人意义)”可知，约翰逊老师最初的问题是学生对历史缺乏情感联结。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Wanting to fix this gap, Mr. Johnson decided to completely change his teaching way in the middle of the semester, trading a traditional research report for a story-writing task.(为了弥补这一差距，约翰逊老师决定在学期中彻底改变他的教学方式，用传统的研究报告换成故事写作任务)”和第二段中的“He asked his students to pick a historical figure and write a detailed story from that person’s own point of view.(他让学生挑选一个历史人物，并从该人物自己的视角写一个详细的故事)”可知，约翰逊老师通过让学生从历史人物的视角写作来改变教学方法。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The essays he got were not just correct; they were full of real feelings and a clear understanding of people’s thoughts.(他收到的作文不仅准确，而且充满了真实的情感和对人们思想的清晰理解)”可知，新任务后学生的作文体现了情感理解和个人见解。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“He believes that when students learn to experience history through story-telling, they do more than just remember it — they start to understand its long-lasting effects on their own lives and what it means to be human in general. In his classroom, history is no longer just a subject about the past; it has become a talk with the past.(他认为，当学生学会通过讲故事来体验历史时，他们不仅仅是记住历史——他们开始理解历史对自己生活的长远影响，以及作为人本身意味着什么。在他的课堂上，历史不再仅仅是一门关于过去的学科；它变成了与过去的对话)”可知，文章的核心主旨是历史不仅仅是事实，更是人类的故事。故选A项。 Passage 2 （2026·广东深圳中学、顺德一中、松山湖未来学校、中山纪念中学·一模） Non-instrumental information seeking, driven by curiosity, is common in daily life. Previous studies suggest that aging may reduce overall information-seeking behavior and curiosity. However, few studies have examined whether the type of information sought changes with age. Greta Fastrich investigates whether adults exhibit different information-seeking behaviors — specifically, diverse (exploring new topics) or specific (deepening knowledge on familiar topics)  — as they age. The study involved 498 participants aged 12 to 79, who selected one of the provided topics. Participants were then presented with short factual statements, followed by options to either learn more about the same topic (specific information seeking) or switch to a new topic (diverse information seeking). They could read up to 10 facts for each topic and up to 80 facts in total across multiple topics. The participants could spend as much time as they wished reading each fact and making their choices. Data were collected on how many facts each. The facts were presented in a random order, and the participants could spend as much time as they wished reading each fact and making their choices. Data were collected on how many facts each participant read, whether they chose to continue reading within a topic or switch, and their self-reported curiosity in the material. The results revealed significant age-related differences in information-seeking strategies. Older participants read more facts per topic, showing a clear preference for deepening their knowledge rather than broadening it. In contrast, younger participants exhibited more diverse information seeking, frequently switching between topics to explore a wider range of materials. For each additional year in age, participants were slightly more likely to stay within a topic and less likely to explore a new one. Additionally, the researchers found that participants’ self-reported curiosity was related to their information-seeking choices. Participants who rated themselves as more interested in a fact were more likely to continue within the same topic. This has implications for how new information should be communicated to different age groups in order to best support motivated learning. This consideration has a vast range of potential applications, from educational course design to museum exhibit arrangements to the provision of health information. 1．What does Greta’s research focus on? A．Information processing. B．Information distribution. C．Information-seeking tendency. D．Information-seeking techniques. 2．What were participants required to do in the study? A．Provide detailed data on a topic. B．Maintain their interest in reading. C．Raise topics they want to explore. D．Read information on certain topics. 3．Which best describes the age-related shift in information-seeking behavior? A．Gradual and steady. B．Random and frequent. C．Substantial but temporary. D．Unpredictable but measurable. 4．Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this study? A．Younger adults benefit from in-depth information. B．People of all ages need non-instrumental information. C．Information should be tailored to different age groups. D．Age affects how quickly people process new information. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍Greta Fastrich关于不同年龄段成年人信息寻求行为差异的研究及发现、意义。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Greta Fastrich investigates whether adults exhibit different information-seeking behaviors — specifically, diverse (exploring new topics) or specific (deepening knowledge on familiar topics) — as they age.(Greta Fastrich 研究成年人是否会随着年龄增长表现出不同的信息寻求行为 —— 具体来说，是多样化的（探索新话题）还是特定化的（深化熟悉话题的知识）)”可知，Greta的研究聚焦于成年人随年龄变化的信息寻求倾向。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study involved 498 participants aged 12 to 79, who selected one of the provided topics. Participants were then presented with short factual statements, followed by options to either learn more about the same topic (specific information seeking) or switch to a new topic (diverse information seeking).(这项研究涉及498名12至79岁的参与者，他们从提供的话题中选择了一个。然后向参与者展示简短的事实陈述，之后他们可以选择进一步了解同一话题（特定信息寻求）或切换到新话题（多样化信息寻求）)”可知，参与者被要求阅读特定话题的相关信息，并选择后续信息获取方式。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Older participants read more facts per topic, showing a clear preference for deepening their knowledge rather than broadening it. In contrast, younger participants exhibited more diverse information seeking, frequently switching between topics to explore a wider range of materials. For each additional year in age, participants were slightly more likely to stay within a topic and less likely to explore a new one.(年龄较大的参与者每个话题会阅读更多内容，明显更倾向于深化已有知识，而非拓展新领域。相比之下，年轻的参与者则表现出更多样化的信息寻求行为，频繁在不同话题间切换，以探索更广泛的资料。年龄每增加一岁，参与者就更有可能停留在同一话题内，而不太可能去探索新的话题)”可知，与年龄相关的信息寻求行为变化是渐进且稳定的。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This has implications for how new information should be communicated to different age groups in order to best support motivated learning.(这对应该如何向不同年龄群体传递新信息以最好地支持有动机的学习具有启示意义)”可推断，该研究可得出“信息应根据不同年龄群体量身定制”的结论。故选C项。 主题03 人与社会——生物医疗 Passage 1 （2026·广东江门·一模） Some check watches or phone apps to know the time, but few realize our bodies have an internal clock — our circadian (昼夜) rhythm. Disrupted rhythms are linked to illnesses like Type 2 Diabetes and cancer, and drug effects vary significantly by administration time. This connection between treatment time and health outcomes has generated a specialized approach: chronotherapy. The idea of chronotherapy — giving drugs at right times — owes much to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which describes organs’ activity peaks at specific times. French researcher Francis Lévi drew on this wisdom to explore cancer treatment: healthy cells divide fixedly, while cancer cells multiply uncontrollably. Since chemotherapy (化疗) targets rapidly dividing cells, Levi reasoned that giving drugs when healthy cells are “asleep” could boost effectiveness and reduce side effects. Medical tests proved promising. Those who received chemotherapy at 6 am instead of 6 pm experienced far milder sickness and tiredness. Similar benefits emerged elsewhere: afternoon heart surgery is safer, and flu vaccines given between 9-11 am generate four times more antibodies than later in the day. Yet chronotherapy faced a problem: everyone’s internal clock varies by up to 12 hours. Measuring it used to be time-consuming — tracking melatonin (褪黑素) release required hours in darkness and frequent samples. Now, new tests using blood or even hair offer quicker results. For example, Germany’s BodlyClock test analyzes clock gene activity in hair follicles (毛囊) to reveal internal time, helping tailor treatments. These advances in determining our biological time not only support precision medicine but also the use of daily rhythms to enhance overall health. For instance, exposure to morning light helps advance the body clock, while minimizing evening blue light promotes sound sleep. Scheduling demanding mental tasks or intense exercise during personal peak cognitive and physical periods (typically afternoon to early evening) can boost performance. By making use of our circadian rhythm - through timed treatments and rhythm - aware living - we can unlock longer, healthier lives. 1．What was Francis Lévi’s exploration of cancer treatment based on? A．The different patterns of cell division. B．The time when cancer cells divide slowly. C．The measurement of patients’ sleep habits. D．The insight of traditional Chinese medicine. 2．What do Paragraphs 3 and 4 suggest about chronotherapy? A．It is widely used in medical practice. B．It is limited by measurement problems. C．It relies on traditional rhythm assessment. D．Its effectiveness is tied to treatment timing. 3．Which is a good daily application of circadian rhythm? A．Avoiding regular melatonin supplements. B．Getting treatment when healthy cells sleep. C．Adapting daily routines to natural rhythms. D．Following regular lifestyle for physical health. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Follow Your Circadian Rhythm B．Build a Healthy Internal Clock C．Pursue a True Healthy Lifestyle D．Explore Chemotherapy Approaches 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了昼夜节律对人体健康的重要性，以及时间疗法的原理、应用、面临的挑战和日常应用建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The idea of chronotherapy — giving drugs at right times — owes much to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which describes organs’ activity peaks at specific times. French researcher Francis Lévi drew on this wisdom to explore cancer treatment(时间疗法的理念——在正确的时间给药——很大程度上归功于中医，中医描述了器官在特定时间的活动高峰。法国研究员弗朗西斯·莱维借鉴了这一智慧来探索癌症治疗)”可知，弗朗西斯·莱维对癌症治疗的探索是基于中医的见解。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Medical tests proved promising. Those who received chemotherapy at 6 am instead of 6 pm experienced far milder sickness and tiredness.(医学测试结果很有希望。那些在早上6点而不是晚上6点接受化疗的人，病情和疲劳感要轻得多)”以及第四段中“Yet chronotherapy faced a problem: everyone’s internal clock varies by up to 12 hours. Measuring it used to be time-consuming — tracking melatonin (褪黑素) release required hours in darkness and frequent samples.(然而，时间疗法面临着一个问题：每个人的生物钟差异可达12小时。测量它过去很耗时——追踪褪黑激素的释放需要在黑暗中待上数小时，并频繁取样)”可知，这两段既提到了时间疗法的有效性，也提到了其面临的测量问题，但核心在于强调其有效性是与治疗时间紧密相关的。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“These advances in determining our biological time not only support precision medicine but also the use of daily rhythms to enhance overall health. For instance, exposure to morning light helps advance the body clock, while minimizing evening blue light promotes sound sleep. Scheduling demanding mental tasks or intense exercise during personal peak cognitive and physical periods (typically afternoon to early evening) can boost performance.(这些在确定我们生物时间方面的进步不仅支持精准医疗，还支持利用日常节律来增强整体健康。例如，早晨接触光线有助于推进生物钟，而晚上尽量减少蓝光则有助于促进深度睡眠。在个人认知和身体状态的高峰期（通常是下午到傍晚早些时候）安排高强度的脑力任务或剧烈运动可以提高表现)”可知，根据昼夜节律调整日常作息是一个好的日常应用。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要围绕昼夜节律对人体健康的重要性展开，强调了通过利用昼夜节律（通过定时治疗和有节奏的生活）可以解锁更长寿、更健康的生活，因此A项“Follow Your Circadian Rhythm(遵循你的昼夜节律)”最符合文章主旨。故选A。 Passage 2 （2026·广东梅州·一模） For generations, sharing a bed has been widely seen as a key sign of closeness for couples. But a quiet shift is taking place in some Western countries. The trend, called “sleep divorce,” is not about ending a relationship. Instead, it means partners choose to sleep in separate beds or even separate rooms to improve their sleep quality. Sleep divorce is a practical response to common sleep problems, such as snoring, different bedtimes, disagreements over room temperature, shift work, and so on. And stress-related sleeplessness are among the main reasons couples consider sleeping apart. Importantly, this choice is not a legal separation nor a sign of marriage trouble. Several forces are driving this trend. First, sleep troubles are rising worldwide, linked to noise, stress, and late-night screen time in modern life. Second, snoring affects up to half of adults, far more than many realize. Third, health is becoming a higher priority than tradition; couples now see good sleep as essential to well-being, just like diet and exercise. Finally, younger generations are redefining relationship success, valuing flexibility over fixed rules about how couples “should” sleep. Interestingly, sleeping separately often brings couples closer. With better rest, they report fewer arguments, better moods, and clearer communication. Poor sleep can make people easily annoyed and less empathetic, while solid rest supports emotional strength. Experts note that sleep divorce is helpful when partners feel bitter due to constant sleep interruption, wake up tired despite enough time in bed, or deal with heavy snoring. But it can backfire if it’s used to avoid dealing with relationship conflicts, if one partner feels lonely or rejected, or if the decision is not mutual. Therapists advise couples to talk about it as a health choice for both people, not as a way to escape each other. As health and relationship satisfaction take priority over old expectations, sleeping apart may become a normal option for more couples in the future. 1．What is “sleep divorce” according to the text? A．A legal step to end a marriage. B．A sleep arrangement to improve rest. C．A solution mainly for shift workers. D．A trend of avoiding emotional connection. 2．What does the word “backfire” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Improve quickly. B．Gain popularity. C．Succeed unexpectedly. D．Cause harm instead. 3．What can be inferred about younger generations in paragraph 3? A．They stick to traditional sleep habits. B．They experience fewer sleep problems. C．They value health less than older couples. D．They are more flexible in defining relationships. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Why couples Choose to Sleep Apart. B．Get a Divorce: For a Better Sleep C．The Science Behind Better Sleep. D．How to Design a Dual-Bedroom Home. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍在一些西方国家出现“睡眠离婚”的趋势，即伴侣为提高睡眠质量选择分床或分房睡，阐述了这一趋势出现的原因、带来的影响以及专家的相关建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The trend, called “sleep divorce,” is not about ending a relationship. Instead, it means partners choose to sleep in separate beds or even separate rooms to improve their sleep quality.(这种被称为 “睡眠离婚”的趋势，并非意味着要结束一段感情。相反，它指的是伴侣们为了改善睡眠质量，选择分床而睡，甚至分房而睡)”可知，“睡眠离婚”是一种为改善休息的睡眠安排，故选B项。 2．词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“But it can backfire if it’s used to avoid dealing with relationship conflicts, if one partner feels lonely or rejected, or if the decision is not mutual.(但如果它被用来避免处理关系冲突，如果一方感到孤独或被拒绝，或者如果这个决定不是双方共同做出的，它可能会backfire)”可知，这些情况是负面的，会让“睡眠离婚”产生不好的结果，所以“backfire”意思可能是“产生反效果，造成伤害”，与“Cause harm instead.”意思相符，故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Finally, younger generations are redefining relationship success, valuing flexibility over fixed rules about how couples “should” sleep.(最后，年轻一代正在重新定义关系的成功，比起关于夫妻“应该”如何睡觉的固定规则，他们更看重灵活性)”可知，年轻一代在定义关系方面更灵活，故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。文章开篇引出“睡眠离婚”的概念，接着阐述夫妻选择分开睡的原因，包括睡眠问题、对健康的重视等，还提到分开睡对夫妻关系的影响以及专家建议，所以“Why couples Choose to Sleep Apart.(为什么夫妻选择分开睡)”为最佳标题，故选A项。 Passage 3 （2026·广东大湾区·一模） What if you could stay mentally sharp in old age? We may be closer to understanding “superagers” — people over 80 with the cognitive (认知的) skills of someone decades younger. Northwestern University’s SuperAging Research Program has identified some common brain features that help preserve this function. The research defines a “distinct brain-related signature” for identifying superagers: You might be one if you’re 80 or older and can recall at least nine words 30 minutes after hearing a 15-word list. Superagers’ brains also show slower thinning, with only a 1.06% reduction over 18 months compared to the 2.24% seen in their peers (同龄人), and a stronger cholinergic system, which is crucial for memory, learning and motor function. Critically, there’s one quality all superagers share: sociability. This observed sociability has biological roots. Superagers possess more von Economo neurons, a type of brain cell associated with sociability, than their peers, and even more than younger people. These neurons are found in highly social species like whales. “Animals with strong connections tend to outlive and outsmart their peers. It’s like the pack culture,” says study author Gefen. Additionally, superagers’ thicker anterior cingulate gyrus — a brain region linked to motivation rather than memory — suggests that they may be more willing to engage in challenging tasks. However, this isn’t a long-term study tracking participants from youth, so “we can’t completely know whether this high level of sociability is helping or not,” Gefen notes. While other research suggests lifestyle factors like exercise may prevent up to 45% of serious memory loss, their role in superagers remains unclear. “When it comes to superagers, we have more questions than answers,” she adds. Still, this research could help find future treatments for some brain diseases. Northwestern’s ongoing work aims to advance this goal, including investigating what makes von Economo neurons special and their role in disease resistance. 1．What is the key characteristic that sets superagers apart from their peers? A．Rapid brain thinning. B．Strong critical thinking. C．Superb visual memory. D．High social engagement. 2．Why does the author mention whales in paragraph 3? A．To analyze human-animal ties. B．To illustrate the basis of sociability. C．To show the observation result. D．To contrast brains of various species. 3．What does Gefen mean by saying “It’s like the pack culture”? A．Social bonds benefit individuals. B．Pack animals are faced with more risks. C．Each species has its own culture. D．Sociability is rooted in animal behavior. 4．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Suggestions for further studies. B．Study limitations. C．Comparisons with other findings. D．Experts’ comments. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“超级老人”（认知能力远超同龄人的80岁以上老人）的特征、相关研究及意义。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Critically, there’s one quality all superagers share: sociability.(关键在于，所有超级老人都有一个共同点：善于社交)”可知，超级老人区别于同龄人的关键特征是高度社交参与。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“This observed sociability has biological roots. Superagers possess more von Economo neurons, a type of brain cell associated with sociability, than their peers, and even more than younger people. These neurons are found in highly social species like whales.(这种观察到的社交能力有其生物学根源。与同龄人相比，超级老人拥有更多与社交能力相关的冯·伊科诺莫神经元，甚至比年轻人还多。这些神经元存在于鲸鱼等高度社会化的物种中)”可知，作者提到鲸鱼是为了说明超级老人善于社交的生物学基础。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Animals with strong connections tend to outlive and outsmart their peers. It’s like the pack culture(联系紧密的动物往往比同类寿命更长、更聪明。这就像群体文化)”可知，联系紧密的动物往往比同类寿命更长、更聪明，所以“这就像群体文化”是指社交联系对个体有益。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第四段“However, this isn’t a long-term study tracking participants from youth, so “we can’t completely know whether this high level of sociability is helping or not,” Gefen notes. While other research suggests lifestyle factors like exercise may prevent up to 45% of serious memory loss, their role in superagers remains unclear. “When it comes to superagers, we have more questions than answers,” she adds.(然而，这并不是一项从青年时期就开始跟踪参与者的长期研究，所以“我们无法完全知道这种高度的社交能力是否有帮助，”Gefen指出。虽然其他研究表明，锻炼等生活方式因素可能预防多达45%的严重记忆丧失，但它们在超级老人中的作用尚不清楚。“说到超级老人，我们的问题多于答案，”她补充道)”可知，本段主要讲了研究的局限性。故选B。 主题04 人与自我——身心健康 Passage 1 （2026·广东佛山·一模） For decades “Monday blues” has been a term for the collective groan (叹息) that greets the start of each workweek. Mondays come with higher rates of anxiety, stress and even suicide compared with other days. The stress and anxiety experienced on Monday seems to ease as the week unfolds. But is the stress and anxiety biologically distinct? Furthermore, could the fleeting changes in mood leave a mark on people’s body even after they stop working? To answer these questions, Professor Tarani Chandola from HKU, looked into the phenomenon, focusing on the stress hormone cortisol (皮质醇). When we experience a stressor, the brain activates the release of cortisol, which helps us to manage short-term stress. But constant high levels of cortisol disturb the brain and bodily systems, increasing the risk of anxiety, depression, heart disease, diabetes and obesity. Chandola studied 3,511 participants aged 50 and older in England, and the results were striking. Older adults who reported feeling anxious on Mondays had, on average, 23 percent higher levels of cortisol up to two months later, compared with those who felt anxious on other days. And the effect was not limited to those still working; retirees who felt anxious on Mondays also showed higher cortisol. Why might Mondays, in particular, have a powerful effect on the body? One possibility is that the shift from the weekend to the high demands of the week is essentially stressful. Also, some people become anxious on Mondays so routinely that it becomes an automatic bodily response. For some people, Monday blues are constant stressors. Hospitals may need to plan for the increased risk of heart attacks and other health events on Mondays, especially among older adults. In addition, international practices like meditation, mindfulness, regular physical activity or good sleep might help people adapt to the start of the week and have long-term health benefits. Finally, researchers will need to investigate why some people are resilient (适应力强) to Monday anxiety while others are not. That question might open the door to interventions that help people start the week not just with a groan but with greater resilience. 1．What does the underlined word “fleeting” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Extreme. B．Uncommon. C．Short-lived. D．Far-reaching. 2．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3? A．To define a medical term. B．To show ways to handle stress. C．To explain how cortisol helps reduce stress. D．To reveal how stress harms health biologically. 3．What did Chandola’s study find about Monday anxiety? A．Its levels are closely related to age. B．It is a lifelong burden for some people. C．It is the primary challenge people face. D．Its effects are limited among the elderly. 4．Which is one of the author’s suggestions to address Monday blues? A．Researchers doing further studies. B．Hospitals keeping track of the old. C．Individuals seeking help from others. D．Companies reducing Monday workloads. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“周一忧郁症”对健康的影响及相关研究及应对建议。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“The stress and anxiety experienced on Monday seems to ease as the week unfolds. But is the stress and anxiety biologically distinct? Furthermore, could the fleeting changes in mood leave a mark on people’s body even after they stop working?(人们在周一感受到的压力与焦虑，似乎会随着一周的推进逐渐缓解。但这种压力和焦虑在生理层面是否存在特殊性？此外，即便工作日结束，这种fleeting情绪波动是否仍会在人们的身体上留下印记？)”可知，周一的情绪变化是会慢慢消失的，并非长久的，故fleeting意为“短暂的”。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“When we experience a stressor, the brain activates the release of cortisol, which helps us to manage short-term stress. But constant high levels of cortisol disturb the brain and bodily systems, increasing the risk of anxiety, depression, heart disease, diabetes and obesity.(当我们经历压力时，大脑会激活皮质醇的释放，帮助我们应对短期压力。但是持续高水平的皮质醇会扰乱大脑和身体系统，增加焦虑、抑郁、心脏病、糖尿病和肥胖的风险。)”可知，作者在本段揭示了压力是如何在生物学上损害健康的。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Chandola studied 3,511 participants aged 50 and older in England, and the results were striking. Older adults who reported feeling anxious on Mondays had, on average, 23 percent higher levels of cortisol up to two months later, compared with those who felt anxious on other days. And the effect was not limited to those still working; retirees who felt anxious on Mondays also showed higher cortisol.(Chandola研究了英格兰3511名50岁及以上的参与者，结果令人震惊。与在其他日子感到焦虑的老年人相比，那些在周一感到焦虑的老年人平均在两个月后皮质醇水平高出23%。而且这种影响并不局限于仍在工作的人；周一感到焦虑的退休人员皮质醇水平也较高。)”可知，Chandola的研究发现周一焦虑是一些人一生的负担。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Finally, researchers will need to investigate why some people are resilient (适应力强) to Monday anxiety while others are not. That question might open the door to interventions that help people start the week not just with a groan but with greater resilience.(最后，研究人员需要调查为什么有些人对周一焦虑有适应力，而有些人则没有。这个问题可能会为干预措施打开大门，帮助人们不仅以叹息开始新的一周，而且以更强的适应力开始新的一周。)”可知，作者建议研究人员进行进一步的研究。故选A。 Passage 2 （2026·广东大湾区·一模） Earth’s biggest problem, according to Douglas Adams, is quite simple: the species of clever ape (猿) that thinks it runs the joint is mostly unhappy most of the time. Computer scientist Cal Newport now adds email to the list of life’s troubles. In his book A World Without Email, he argues this once-brilliant invention has made us suffer. Newport says we’ve become slaves to email trapped in a “hyperactive hive mind” — the reality in which everyone, everywhere, can communicate with everyone else with ease. Studies have shown how dominant email has become in ordinary office life. The average knowledge worker sends and receives 126 emails daily, which ruins focus, making them less productive and more irritable (易怒的). All of this might be bearable but for one problem: the mismatch between modern electronic messaging and our own information-processing capacity. Multitasking is a myth. We can’t think clearly while dealing with an overflowing inbox. We’re wired to prefer real-time conversations, where everyone gets updates together. Back in small tribes (部落), we needed daily chats to feel connected. Now, in a digital world, that ancient urge makes us anxious if we don’t reply to every email instantly. Despite his book’s title, Newport isn’t against all electronic messaging. What drives him to desperation is how we use it. With office workers nodding in hearty agreement, Newport offers some solutions. A German company invented the No Email Day. Productivity went up, even though it shortened the work time. The goal was for everyone to approach their work more deliberately without rushing. Some companies use an application called Trello to allow workers to access the necessary data and decide when to jump in and get things done. Handling email when it’s out of control is like being pecked (啄) by a flock of geese. But changing this won’t be easy. Our need for focused thinking conflicts with the Dopamine Economy — something designed to keep us unable to resist constant messages. Still, Newport thinks regaining control of our time might be the key to being happier at work. 1．What phenomenon does Newport point out in his book? A．Office workers fail to handle daily emails. B．People can contact each other more easily. C．Convenience of modern life comes at a cost. D．Email overload affects efficiency and mood. 2．How does the author develop paragraph 3? A．By giving examples. B．By presenting the history. C．By analyzing the cause. D．By comparing preferences. 3．What does Newport try to illustrate by mentioning the practices of some companies? A．The importance of autonomy at work. B．The necessity to cut working hours. C．The benefit of technological advances. D．The need to follow economic trend. 4．What might be a suitable title for the text? A．Message Overflow B．Email Slavery C．Message Addiction D．Email Craze 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了计算机科学家卡尔·纽波特在其著作中提出的观点——电子邮件这一发明虽带来便利，却让人们陷入“邮件奴役”，影响工作效率和情绪，并探讨了相关解决办法。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The average knowledge worker sends and receives 126 emails daily, which ruins focus, making them less productive and more irritable (易怒的). (普通知识工作者每天收发126封电子邮件，这会破坏注意力，使他们效率降低、更易怒)”可知，纽波特在书中指出，电子邮件过载会影响效率和情绪这一现象。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“All of this might be bearable but for one problem: the mismatch between modern electronic messaging and our own information-processing capacity. Multitasking is a myth. We can’t think clearly while dealing with an overflowing inbox. We’re wired to prefer real-time conversations, where everyone gets updates together. Back in small tribes (部落), we needed daily chats to feel connected. Now, in a digital world, that ancient urge makes us anxious if we don’t reply to every email instantly. (若不是有一个问题，这一切或许还能忍受：现代电子信息传递与我们自身信息处理能力不匹配。多任务处理只是个神话。面对塞满的收件箱，我们无法清晰思考。我们天生更喜欢实时对话，所有人能一起获取最新信息。回到小部落时代，我们需要日常交流来感受联结。如今，在数字世界里，这种古老的渴望让我们若不立即回复每一封邮件就会感到焦虑)”可知，该段先提出核心问题（信息传递与处理能力不匹配），再分析多任务处理的误区、人类对实时交流的天生偏好及古今场景下的心理变化，以此剖析电子邮件带来困扰的原因，是通过分析原因展开段落的。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Despite his book’s title, Newport isn’t against all electronic messaging. What drives him to desperation is how we use it. With office workers nodding in hearty agreement, Newport offers some solutions. A German company invented the No Email Day. Productivity went up, even though it shortened the work time. The goal was for everyone to approach their work more deliberately without rushing. Some companies use an application called Trello to allow workers to access the necessary data and decide when to jump in and get things done. (尽管书名如此，纽波特并非反对所有电子信息传递。让他绝望的是我们使用电子邮件的方式。在上班族们由衷认同的同时，纽波特提出了一些解决方案。一家德国公司设立了“无邮件日”，尽管缩短了工作时间，效率却提高了。其目的是让每个人更从容地处理工作，而不是匆忙行事。一些公司使用一款名为Trello的应用程序，让员工可以获取必要的数据，并决定何时投入工作、完成任务)”可知，纽波特提及部分公司的做法（无邮件日、使用Trello应用），是为了说明这些方案能让员工自主决定工作节奏，体现了工作自主性的重要性。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Computer scientist Cal Newport now adds email to the list of life’s troubles. In his book A World Without Email, he argues this once-brilliant invention has made us suffer.(计算机科学家卡尔·纽波特（Cal Newport）现在将电子邮件添加到生活烦恼的列表中。在他的《没有电子邮件的世界》一书中，他认为这个曾经辉煌的发明让我们受苦。)”、第二段中“Newport says we’ve become slaves to email trapped in a “hyperactive hive mind”(纽波特说，我们已经成为电子邮件的奴隶，陷入了“过度活跃的蜂群思维”。)”并结合全文内容可知，文章围绕纽波特的观点展开，核心是电子邮件让人们陷入过度活跃的群体思维，成为邮件的奴隶，影响效率和情绪，并介绍了相关解决办法。B项“邮件奴役”精准概括了文章核心主旨，贴合原文中“slaves to email”的表述，适合作为本文最佳标题。故选B项。 主题05 人与社会——生态环境 Passage 1 （2026·广东大湾区·一模） Colorful songbirds known as honeycreepers were once common in Hawaii. However, these native creatures are now struggling to survive because of avian malaria, a deadly disease spread by invasive (侵袭的) mosquitoes. Of the more than 50 species that once lived throughout the islands, just 17 remain today. Now, scientists have come up with a clever plan to help the birds. They are using drones to drop thousands of lab-grown, non-biting male mosquitoes engineered to carry a type of bacteria called Wolbachia that acts as mosquito birth control. When these special males mate with wild females, the resulting eggs will not hatch, which should reduce the overall mosquito population and give the birds a much-needed break. Since the “Birds, Not Mosquitoes” (BNM) project was started in 2023, over 40 million such mosquitoes have been released. Most of the mosquito drops have been made from helicopters. But recently, scientists began experimenting with eight-foot-long drones. A drone can’t carry as many mosquitoes as a helicopter can — just 23,000 compared to 250,000 — but it’s safer, because it doesn’t require any humans to be on board. Drones are also easier to arrange at a moment’s notice, which is a major benefit in an area with often unpredictable weather. The mosquitoes are being dropped inside small capsules. Each capsule contains roughly 1,000 males, which are kept alive inside a temperature-controlled transport box attached to the drone. Once released, they “fall to the forest floor where they provide protection to the mosquitoes until they’re ready to fly away,” says Adam Knox, a drone pilot involved in the project. “The capsules then begin to break down once exposed to wind and rain,” he adds. This technique, previously used against human diseases, marks its first wildlife-saving application. With climate change pushing mosquitoes to higher altitudes — the last shelter for honeycreepers, time is running out. Several of the remaining honeycreeper species are highly endangered. Some die after a single bite from an infected mosquito. Thus, curbing the mosquito population with methods like the BNM project may be the birds’ only chance to survive. 1．What can be learnt about honeycreepers from paragraph 1? A．They spread avian malaria to mosquitoes. B．A mosquito-borne disease threatens them. C．Thirty-three species of them have died out. D．They are losing habitats to native creatures. 2．What led to the shift to a new carrier in the project? A．Its success in previous similar projects. B．Its expanded carrying capacity and range. C．Its superior operational safety and flexibility. D．Its adaptability to various weather conditions. 3．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．How to protect mosquitoes from diseases. B．How to deliver the lab-grown mosquitoes. C．How to lessen the project’s impact on nature. D．How to control the temperature of containers. 4．What does the underlined word “curbing” in the last paragraph mean? A．Wiping out. B．Keeping track of. C．Coexisting with. D．Keeping under control. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了夏威夷蜜旋木雀因入侵蚊子传播的禽疟疾濒危，科学家用无人机投放含特殊细菌的雄蚊控蚊量，该技术首次用于野生动物保护，而蜜旋木雀的生存已刻不容缓。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“However, these native creatures are now struggling to survive because of avian malaria, a deadly disease spread by invasive (侵袭的) mosquitoes. (然而，这些本土生物如今正因由入侵蚊子传播的致命疾病禽疟疾而难以生存。)”可知，一种蚊媒疾病正威胁着蜜旋木雀的生存。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“A drone can’t carry as many mosquitoes as a helicopter can — just 23,000 compared to 250,000 — but it’s safer, because it doesn’t require any humans to be on board. Drones are also easier to arrange at a moment’s notice, which is a major benefit in an area with often unpredictable weather. (无人机不能像直升机那样携带那么多蚊子——只有23000只，而直升机则可携带约250 000只——但它更安全，因为它不需要任何人在飞机上。无人机也更容易随时安排，这在天气经常不可预测的地区是一个主要的好处。)”可知，无人机操作更安全、灵活性更强，这是项目更换投放载体的原因。故选C项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The mosquitoes are being dropped inside small capsules. Each capsule contains roughly 1,000 males, which are kept alive inside a temperature-controlled transport box attached to the drone. (这些蚊子被装在小胶囊中投放。每个胶囊大约装有1000只雄蚊，它们被养在无人机上的温控运输箱中维持生命。)”及后续内容可知，本段主要介绍实验室培育的蚊子的投放方式。故选B项。 4．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Thus, curbing the mosquito population with methods like the BNM project may be the birds’ only chance to survive. (因此，通过“鸟类而非蚊子项目”这类方法来curbing蚊子数量，可能是这些鸟类仅存的生存机会。)”并结合前文可知，蚊子数量得到控制，夏威夷蜜旋木雀才可能生存，划线词curbing意为“控制”。故选D项。 Passage 2 （2026·广东深圳中学、顺德一中、松山湖未来学校、中山纪念中学·第一次联考） An ambitious plan to genetically engineer a version of the woolly mammoth (长毛猛犸象), a giant that disappeared 4,000 years ago, is making some progress. A new biosciences and genetics company, Colossal, has raised $15 million to create a mammoth hybrid that looks exactly like its extinct counterpart. The goal isn’t to clone a mammoth, but to create, through genetic engineering, a living, walking elephant-mammoth hybrid. The scientists revealed they had reprogrammed cells from an Asian elephant, the woolly mammoth’s closest living relative. These changed cells can grow into any kind of elephant cell. The research team has analyzed 50 changes to the genetic code of the Asian elephant to give it the characteristics it needs to survive and thrive in the Arctic. These characteristics include a 10-centimeter layer of insulating (绝缘的) fat, five different kinds of hair including some that is up to a meter long, and smaller ears that will help the hybrid tolerate the cold. Colossal believes that bringing the woolly mammoth hybrid to life could possibly help restore the fragile Arctic tundra (冻原) ecosystem, which is at risk as the world warms. The company has claimed that mammoths, if they should return to their natural habitat in the Arctic in sufficient numbers, would help slow down frozen soil melting. Some scientists believe that, before their extinction, animals such as mammoths and horses kept the earth frozen underneath by walking on the grass, knocking down trees and pressing snow tight. One small study in Siberia published in 2021 suggested that the presence of large mammals such as horses and reindeer resulted in lower soil temperatures in the protected area where they were kept compared with land outside that area. Colossal announced other plans to bring some animals back to life such as the Tasmanian tigers in 2023 and the dodos in 2024, but its work on the mammoth has been going on longest. 1．What does the underlined word “counterpart” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Extracted cell. B．Fellow species. C．Cloned elephant. D．Endangered animal. 2．What can be learnt about the hybrid? A．It is visually similar to the Asian elephant. B．It can grow into any types of elephant cell. C．Thick fat and smaller ears help it endure the severe weather. D．Long hair like a woolly coat keeps it from the cold and attacks. 3．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The various ways of keeping the earth frozen. B．The high possibility of returning mammoths. C．The strong link between all the animals and the Arctic. D．The potential impact of returning mammoths to the Arctic. 4．Which of the following can be inferred from the text? A．The mammoth hybrid might make global warming less serious. B．Colossal has devoted itself to bringing back an extinct mammoth to life. C．The projects of the tigers and dodos are as difficult as that of the mammoth. D．The return of mammoths would lead to the extinction of other animals in the Arctic. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍Colossal公司通过基因工程培育长毛猛犸象杂交体的进展、特征、潜在生态影响及其他复活灭绝动物计划。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“A new biosciences and genetics company, Colossal, has raised $15 million to create a mammoth hybrid that looks exactly like its extinct counterpart.(一家名为Colossal的新生物科学和基因公司已筹集1500万美元，用于培育一种外形与已灭绝的对应生物完全一致的猛犸象杂交体)”可知，杂交体的外形和已灭绝的长毛猛犸象一样，counterpart指的是与杂交体相对应的已灭绝生物，即同类物种。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These characteristics include a 10-centimeter layer of insulating (绝缘的) fat, five different kinds of hair including some that is up to a meter long, and smaller ears that will help the hybrid tolerate the cold.(这些特征包括一层10厘米厚的绝缘脂肪、五种不同类型的毛发（其中一些长达一米），以及有助于杂交体抵御寒冷的小耳朵)”可知，厚脂肪和小耳朵能帮助这种杂交体忍受恶劣的寒冷天气。故选C项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Colossal believes that bringing the woolly mammoth hybrid to life could possibly help restore the fragile Arctic tundra (冻原) ecosystem, which is at risk as the world warms. The company has claimed that mammoths, if they should return to their natural habitat in the Arctic in sufficient numbers, would help slow down frozen soil melting. Some scientists believe that, before their extinction, animals such as mammoths and horses kept the earth frozen underneath by walking on the grass, knocking down trees and pressing snow tight. One small study in Siberia published in 2021 suggested that the presence of large mammals such as horses and reindeer resulted in lower soil temperatures in the protected area where they were kept compared with land outside that area.(Colossal公司认为，培育出长毛猛犸象杂交体可能有助于恢复脆弱的北极冻原生态系统，该系统因全球变暖而面临危险。该公司声称，如果猛犸象能大量返回其北极的自然栖息地，将有助于减缓冻土融化。部分科学家认为，在猛犸象等动物灭绝之前，它们会通过踩踏草地、推倒树木、压实积雪的方式，让地下土壤保持冻结状态。2021年发表于西伯利亚的一项小型研究表明，在有马、驯鹿等大型哺乳动物活动的保护区内，土壤温度要低于保护区外的区域)”可知，第三段主要讲述了让猛犸象杂交体重返北极可能带来的潜在影响（恢复生态、减缓冻土融化等）。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Colossal believes that bringing the woolly mammoth hybrid to life could possibly help restore the fragile Arctic tundra (冻原) ecosystem, which is at risk as the world warms. The company has claimed that mammoths, if they should return to their natural habitat in the Arctic in sufficient numbers, would help slow down frozen soil melting.(Colossal 公司认为，培育出长毛猛犸象杂交体可能有助于恢复脆弱的北极冻原生态系统，该系统因全球变暖而面临危险。该公司声称，如果猛犸象能大量返回其北极的自然栖息地，将有助于减缓冻土融化)”可推断，猛犸象杂交体可能会缓解全球变暖的严重性。故选A项。 Passage 3 （2026·广东佛山·一模） On a typical sunny day at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), small native bushes (灌木) wave where tidy grasslands used to be, bees fly over flowers, and students walk on a campus alive with biodiversity. The new scenery marks a major milestone in campus sustainability. In 2025, UCLA became the first university in California to earn the Green Grounds Certification from the nonprofit Re: wild Your Campus, which recognizes the school’s efforts to improve human health and biodiversity. For years, colleges have used rewilding as a way to restore biodiversity and bring a more natural look to their grounds with native plants. But too often, they miss a critical piece of the puzzle: the chemicals being used elsewhere on campus. While wildflowers bring buzzing bees, true ecological restoration is weakened if pesticides (农药) and fertilizers are used. This is why Re: wild Your Campus created the Green Grounds Certification-to center both chemical elimination and rewilding and to link them together. Schools that are taking such a holistic approach to campus management can be honored and uplifted. Adopting a holistic approach to land care does more than just create healthier campus environments; it reinforces the reality that colleges are interconnected microcosms (缩影) of larger environmental systems. In many cities, universities offer some of the largest areas of open space, yet the chemicals applied to grasslands can impact nearby rivers, lakes, and drinking water. Students and all the teaching staff are increasingly recognizing this, leading to more advocacy for introducing native species and stopping using harmful pesticides. Beyond environmental health, a rewilding approach can help safeguard human health. Students are closely connected to the outdoor settings of their colleges where pesticides can stay in the air, settle on picnic tables, and be tracked into dorm rooms. Through a holistic approach, institutions can ensure that the grounds students walk on daily are free from poisonous substances, for the health of all. And that’s exactly what some schools like UCLA are doing. Their leadership shows that sustainability means finding new ways to care for the land responsibly-for people and for the planet. 1．How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A．By discussing students’ activities. B．By describing a changed landscape. C．By showing students’ love for nature. D．By highlighting the function of plants. 2．What can we know about the holistic approach? A．It was initiated by UCLA． B．It avoids using pesticides. C．It focuses on students’ welfare. D．It is intended to connect schools. 3．Why does the author mention “picnic tables” in paragraph 6? A．To promote a healthy lifestyle. B．To suggest safety improvements. C．To discourage outdoor activities. D．To stress health risks to students. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Native Plants: Key to Preventing Pollution. B．UCLA’s Holistic Plan: For Safer Classrooms. C．The Holistic Method: Toward Sustainable Campuses. D．Sustainability Through Trees: For Greener Campuses. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍加州大学洛杉矶分校通过整体方法（结合去化学化和野化）实现校园可持续发展，并阐述该方法对环境和人类健康的意义。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“On a typical sunny day at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), small native bushes (灌木) wave where tidy grasslands used to be, bees fly over flowers, and students walk on a campus alive with biodiversity.(在加州大学洛杉矶分校（UCLA）一个典型的晴天，曾经整洁的草地如今长满了摇曳的本地小灌木，蜜蜂在花丛上空飞舞，学生们行走在生物多样性丰富的校园里)”可知，作者通过描述UCLA校园发生变化的景观来引入文章主题。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“This is why Re: wild Your Campus created the Green Grounds Certification-to center both chemical elimination and rewilding and to link them together. Schools that are taking such a holistic approach to campus management can be honored and uplifted.(这就是Re: wild Your Campus创建绿色场地认证的原因——以消除化学物质和野化修复为核心，并将两者结合起来。采用这种整体方法进行校园管理的学校将获得荣誉和支持)”以及第三段中的“While wildflowers bring buzzing bees, true ecological restoration is weakened if pesticides (农药) and fertilizers are used.(虽然野花能吸引嗡嗡作响的蜜蜂，但如果使用农药和化肥，真正的生态修复就会受到影响)”可知，整体方法避免使用农药等化学物质。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第六段“Beyond environmental health, a rewilding approach can help safeguard human health. Students are closely connected to the outdoor settings of their colleges where pesticides can stay in the air, settle on picnic tables, and be tracked into dorm rooms.(除了环境健康，野化修复方法还有助于保护人类健康。学生与大学的户外环境密切相关，农药会留在空气中，落在野餐桌上，并被带入宿舍)”可知，作者提到“野餐桌”是为了强调农药对学生的健康风险。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕“整体方法”展开，介绍其核心是结合消除化学物质和野化修复，能实现校园环境和人类健康的双重保障，助力校园可持续发展，UCLA的案例也印证了这一点。C项“整体方法：迈向可持续校园”贴合主旨，可以作本文的最佳标题。故选C项。 Passage 4 （2026·广东广州名校联盟·一模） Polar bears are often the poster children for the impacts of climate change because of how much they rely on the ice for survival. Less ice forces these powerful predators to swim further to find food or spend more time on land living off fat reserves. Many polar bear populations are at risk of starvation.These polar bears are getting fatter as sea ice melts. What’s going on? To find out what might be going on, researchers looked at the body size and chest circumference of 770 adult polar bears captured during this monitoring between 1992 and 2019. Leaner polar bears, with less fat stores to see them through hard times, can be an early warning sign of a struggling population, so body condition can indicate how a population is faring. Scientists had predicted that diminishing (逐渐减少的) sea ice would leave polar bears thinner and in poorer body condition, and Jon Aars, the lead author from the Norwegian Polar Institute, who observed rapid ice loss in Svalbard, expected this trend to harm the local bears’ physical state. Their new findings revealed the opposite. The bears’ body condition decreased between 1995 and 2000 before improving again, even though the region was rapidly losing sea ice after 2000. “I was a bit surprised when we found that it had actually increased instead of decreasing,” says Aars. “It’s good news that they have coped so well, despite nowhere else in the Arctic having sea ice disappear at this rate.” This doesn’t mean the bears aren’t affected by climate change. They have been forced to spend more ti$ 专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （2026·广东·一模） Cristiano Ronaldo sits on his bed, reminding himself that “sleep is the most important tool that I have,” and that a disciplined routine shapes his performance. The fitness-tracking band on his wrist reflects the close attention he gives to his body. But this once-specialized habit has gradually moved beyond professional sports, becoming part of the lives of ordinary people who want a clearer sense of their health condition. Many wearables on the market provide reliable heart-rate tracking and basic physiological (生理的) data, sufficient for general everyday monitoring. Some advanced models, however, go further. They show how habits like late-night eating or drinking directly influence recovery and readiness for the next day. Rather than offering separate data points, these devices track how small changes build up over time, revealing behavioral patterns that shape overall health trends. Health specialist Jess Whitmore says wearables have become essential tools for top athletes, who now consult their data as naturally as they tie their boots. Yet not everyone welcomes this shift toward constant monitoring. Sports dietitian Jess McGregor warns that the expectation to “train like an athlete” can push ordinary people toward perfectionism and anxiety. The urge to improve everything — sleep scores, readiness ratings, daily stress — can make lives center around numbers. While these numbers offer insight, they cannot replace subjective awareness of energy, emotions or recovery needs. “Everything is being digitized and reduced to numbers,” McGregor says. Perhaps that is the quiet reminder hidden beneath all the data. “When numbers begin to shadow our days, the watch on our wrist can make us forget the body’s gentler signals,” says Dr. Zachary Walston. He adds, “Living a healthy life still means adding enjoyable habits, like evening walks or taking the stairs, and appreciating the pleasure and freedom they bring, rather than simply chasing device targets.” 1．What can we learn about fitness tracking from paragraph 1? A．It controls sports training routines. B．It is adopted to treat sleep disorders. C．It is common among ordinary people. D．It guarantees top athletic performance. 2．What makes advanced wearables different from other products? A．They are designed specifically for night eating. B．They offer separate and independent data points. C．They reveal connections between habits and health. D．They provide rich and solid physiological information. 3．What is Jess McGregor worried about regarding using wearables? A．Reduced enjoyment in daily routines. B．Lack of timely professional guidance. C．Physical injuries from training too hard. D．Mental pressure from chasing numbers. 4．What does Dr. Zachary Walston suggest people do? A．Listen to your physical signals. B．Predict body responses from data. C．Abandon fitness tracking devices. D．Set clear targets for daily exercise. Passage 2 （2026·广东广州·一模） Sound travels as vibrations (振动) through the air. Conventional microphones function by picking up these vibrations. Scientists wondered if they could make microphones that see those vibrations rather than hear them. Now researchers in China have built such a device. Led by physicist Yao Xuri from Beijing Institute of Technology, the team has built a device that photographs the tiny, imperceptible vibrations that sound waves generate on objects. According to Yao, “This technique enables sound detection using everyday items under natural lighting.” This is hardly the first attempt to make a microphone that works with light. Alexander Graham Bell built one back in 1880. He called it a photophone. It operated by using sound waves to deform a mirror, causing reflected light to flash along with the sound. These flashes were then changed back into sound. Modern attempts have been trying to copy this, using high-speed cameras or precise lasers (激光), but such systems are often complex and costly. The Chinese team has adopted an alternative approach: single-pixel (单像素) imaging. “Unlike ordinary cameras which rely on millions of sensors, single-pixel imaging uses just one,” Yao noted. It scans a scene to collect visual data, which is then processed by computers to reconstruct an image. Through this technique, Yao’s team detected how sound waves had shaken a paper card or leaf. A computer then decoded the data into audible sound. The device successfully captured spoken numbers in both Chinese and English and decoded an excerpt from Beethoven’s Für Elise. “This method creates a relatively small amount of data, making it easy to store or upload,” Yao noted. The team is refining the device’s capacity to detect human heartbeat and heart rate, a development that could enable non-contact patient monitoring in medical settings. Currently, the technology only works from about half a meter away, and detecting sound in noisy environments remains a key challenge. That will take more advanced technology and extensive field testing. But if they succeed, we might not just listen to the world around us — we might watch it speak. 1．The underlined word “imperceptible” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______. A．inaudible B．inaccessible C．unpredictable D．unnoticeable 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Research background. B．Study design. C．Technical approaches. D．Key challenges. 3．How does the single-pixel imaging device differ from ordinary cameras? A．It works at a super high speed. B．It processes data with a computer. C．It uses precise lasers to scan scenes. D．It collects data with only one sensor. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of the technology? A．Expectant. B．Doubtful. C．Concerned. D．Uncertain. 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 （2026·广东湛江·一模） One sunny afternoon, three-year-old Aisha, an orangutan at the San Diego Zoo, played outside while her father sat nearby. Aisha took a toy and waved it at him. When he didn't respond, Aisha waved the toy in her dad s face and brushed it across the top of his head, making it harder for him to ignore her. Finally, he gave in and watched her. Aisha’s behavior suggests that great apes (类人猿) engage in playful teasing (戏弄) just like humans and that the roots of human humor can go back 1.3 million years to the common ancestors of apes and humans. A study led by Federico Rosson of the University of California includes orangutans, chimpanzees, bonobos, and gorillas in zoos. They carried out a video-based study and identified social interactions that contain a mix of playful and annoying elements. They focused on characteristics such as one-sided provocation (挑衅), surprise, looking at the target’s face, and repetition of the behavior. Despite living in different social structures and environments, all four species of great apes tease one another in similar ways. A teaser might grab another’s hand or foot to stop their activity. Sometimes apes hid under objects when teasing, reaching out a hand suddenly to pull someone’s hair. Targets tended to ignore teasers or try to gently get them away. Sometimes they responded positively with play, or teasing of their own. Other times they just got up and left. While doing playful teasing, the teaser has to predict the target’s response and adjust their behavior based on how the target is likely to respond. Learning to predict how others will respond is a critical skill for highly social animals. The study of playful teasing may not be limited to apes. “We suspect that other highly social animals such as parrots, dolphins, elephants, whales, and dogs, may also engage in this behavior,” said co-researcher, Isabelle Laumer. To gather more data, researchers have surveyed zookeepers and are collecting stories of animal teasing from around the world. 1．Why did Aisha wave a toy at her father? A．To have fun playfully. B．To copy human behavior. C．To attract his attention to her head. D．To show annoyance for ignoring her. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The subjects of the study. B．The findings of the study. C．The approach of the study. D．The structure of the study. 3．What can be learned about the apes? A．The target feels angry at the teaser. B．The teaser focuses on the target’s face. C．The teaser predicts the target’s response. D．The target adapts to the build of the teaser. 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Humor Is Older than Humans. B．Playful Teasing Is Conducted Across Species. C．Study Discovers the Secret of Our Ancestors. D．Zoo Animals Enjoy Taking Each Other by Surprise. 主题03 人与社会——社会与文化 （2026·广东汕头澄海·一模） In the digital age, the line between “work” and “rest” has blurred. The rise of the “lying flat” (Tang Ping) movement in Asia highlighted a generation’s burnout. However, a new counter-movement, “Ging” (meaning “going”), is gaining traction. Unlike the hustle culture of the 2010s, “Ging” emphasizes movement and flow. Proponents of “Ging” don’t advocate for working 24/7. Instead, they focus on “deep oscillation” — working intensely for short bursts followed by complete digital detox. A 2026 survey by the Asian Youth Institute found that 68% of Gen Z employees felt more productive and less anxious when they adopted this rhythm. “It’s about rhythm, not rest,” says life coach Mei Chen. “Your brain isn’t designed to be ‘on’ or ‘off’ like a switch. It’s designed to wave — high energy, low energy, high energy.” Critics worry this could lead to instability. However, companies like Alibaba and Tencent have started piloting “Flow Hours,” where employees block out time for uninterrupted work, proving that this philosophy is shifting from personal lifestyle to corporate policy. 1．What does the “Ging” movement primarily emphasize? A．Constant productivity and long working hours. B．A rhythmic pattern of intense work and complete rest. C．Complete withdrawal from the workforce. D．Working only during traditional office hours. 2．According to the survey, how did most Gen Z employees feel after adopting the “Ging” rhythm? A．More anxious but wealthier. B．Less productive but happier. C．More productive and less anxious. D．No different from before. 3．What does life coach Mei Chen compare the brain's energy to? A．A battery. B．A switch. C．A wave. D．A river. 4．What is the significance of companies adopting “Flow Hours”? A．It shows that “Ging” is becoming part of official work structures. B．It proves that traditional offices are obsolete. C．It indicates that companies are ignoring employee burnout. D．It means the “lying flat” movement has ended. 主题04 人与自然——环境保护 （2026·广东汕头澄海·一模） The concept of “Carbon Neutrality” has moved from boardrooms to living rooms. In 2026, a grassroots movement called “Project 30” challenged households to reduce their carbon footprint by 30% within a year. The results, published in the Journal of Sustainable Living, were surprising. Researchers found that the most effective factor wasn’t access to expensive solar panels, but “behavioral nudging.” Families who received weekly feedback on their energy usage via a smart home app reduced consumption significantly more than those who simply owned energy-efficient appliances. Psychologist Dr. Helen Reid explains: “People often suffer from ‘invisibility bias.’ If you can’t see the electricity flowing, you don’t think about wasting it. Making data visible creates accountability.” However, the study also highlighted the “Rebound Effect.” Some participants, proud of their reduced electricity bills, offset their savings by taking long-haul flights, negating their previous efforts. “Sustainability is holistic,” warns Dr. Reid. “You can’t green wash your way to carbon neutrality by focusing on just one aspect of your life.” 1．What was the key finding of “Project 30”? A．Expensive technology is necessary for carbon reduction. B．Behavioral feedback is more effective than hardware alone. C．Most households cannot reduce their carbon footprint. D．Carbon neutrality is an impossible goal. 2．What does Dr. Reid mean by “invisibility bias”? A．People are blind to the effects of climate change. B．People tend to ignore resources they cannot physically see. C．Energy-efficient appliances are often hidden in homes. D．Smart apps are not visible enough to users. 3．What is the “Rebound Effect” as described in the text? A．When people increase their energy use after buying new appliances. B．When efforts in one area are canceled out by negative actions elsewhere. C．When carbon reduction projects fail due to lack of funding. D．When people become too reliant on technology. 4．What is the main message of the passage? A．Only the wealthy can achieve carbon neutrality. B．Technology alone can solve the climate crisis. C．Sustainable living requires awareness and holistic lifestyle changes. D．Government policies are the only solution to carbon emissions. Passage 2 （2026·广东汕头澄海·一模） In the remote mountains of Sichuan, a new generation of panda keepers is using drones and big data to protect the endangered species. Unlike the traditional image of keepers hand-feeding pandas, 24-year-old Lin Wei spends most of his day analyzing thermal imaging footage. “We used to track pandas by following their footprints,” Lin explains. “Now, we let the algorithms do the walking. Drones equipped with AI can identify individual pandas based on their unique fur patterns in seconds.” This shift hasn’t been without challenges. Older rangers were skeptical about replacing human intuition with cold data. However, a recent incident proved the technology’s worth. When a sudden landslide blocked the usual patrol route, the drone network detected a distressed panda cub separated from its mother. The rescue team was dispatched immediately using GPS coordinates provided by the drone, saving the cub’s life. Critics argue that technology creates a barrier between humans and nature. Lin disagrees: “Technology doesn’t replace our love for these animals; it extends our reach. We can now protect pandas in areas too dangerous for humans to access regularly.” 1．What is the main difference between old and new panda protection methods? A．Old methods relied on drones, while new methods use footprints. B．New methods prioritize data analysis over physical tracking. C．Old methods were more expensive than new technological methods. D．New methods completely eliminate the need for human rangers. 2．What does the underlined word “skeptical” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Supportive and enthusiastic. B．Doubtful and unconvinced. C．Indifferent and uninterested. D．Fearful and anxious. 3．What does Lin Wei think is the ultimate goal of using technology in conservation? A．To prove that algorithms are smarter than humans. B．To replace all human interaction with animals. C．To protect animals in inaccessible or dangerous areas. D．To reduce the budget for wildlife reserves. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the use of technology in panda conservation? A．Objective and neutral. B．Highly critical. C．Overly enthusiastic. D．Confused and uncertain. Passage 3 （2026·广东大湾区·一模） If the Amazon forest is to disappear, Altamira in Brazil is the town where that end could be foreseen. During the region’s development, a road was cut through the heart of the forest, marking an era of widespread destruction that remade the Amazon. Altamira thus became known in local media as the “champion of deforestation.” Now Brazilian officials think this expansive town can also be the site of the forest’s rebirth. This year, the government set out to test a question that until now has largely been left to researchers: If left alone, can the Amazon forest restore itself? To test this assumption, officials closed off a degraded parcel of land and leased (租赁) it to a private carbon credit company to safeguard and restore. “Some of the tasks will be done by planting trees. But most of the restoration job will be left to Mother Nature. It’s called passive restoration. This is opening a new model that may be applied across the state,” said Governor Barbalho. The search for solutions in the Amazon couldn’t be more urgent. Rates of deforestation have been dropping since the government made fighting environmental crime a priority, but the destruction hasn’t stopped. Nearly 6,300 square kilometers were lost last year, bringing the ecosystem closer to what scientists warn is a tipping point, when the Amazon is no longer able to maintain its own rainy ecosystem. Evidence of its arrival is springing up: dried riverbeds, forest fires, punishing droughts, and increased tree death. Scientists have predicted the forest could experience a broad ecological collapse by 2050, when 10 — 47% of it will be exposed to various disturbances that could activate unexpected ecosystem changes. But other research has also provided cause for hope. Despite the delicate nature of the Amazon’s ecosystem, the forest has also demonstrated a remarkable capacity for recovery. A recent study showed that roughly 72,000 square kilometers of destroyed forest are already in an advanced stage of natural recovery. 1．What do we know about Altamira from paragraph 1? A．It reshaped the Amazon area. B．It saw the rebirth of the forest. C．It benefited from the new road. D．It headed the forest destruction. 2．What is the core belief behind passive restoration? A．Nature knows the right way. B．Companies make better guardians. C．Tree-planting is a quicker fix. D．A hands-off government is the key. 3．What makes it critical to restore the Amazon rainforest? A．Deforestation rates are ever-rising. B．The rainy ecosystem has collapsed. C．A point of no return is approaching. D．Spring has brought lots of disasters. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Can Private Companies Help? B．Can Passive Restoration Last? C．Can Altamira Stop Deforestation? D．Can Amazon Avoid Disappearing? Passage 4 （2026·广东深圳·一模） Researchers from the University of Buenos Aires have successfully used a robotic tutor to teach the male chingolo, a kind of small bird in South America, a song that was once part of the species’ culture but had been lost for more than half a century. Male chingolos learn their unique, two-second melody from adult males. “It is a distinctive song — like a fingerprint, but learned,” says one of the researchers. “It serves to attract females and protect territory. It is the bird’s way of saying, “This is me, and here I am.” However, urbanization and habitat loss have broken this learning chain, causing local song “dialects” to disappear. Driven by this problem, researchers took on a pioneering task: bringing back a song that had disappeared from the wild — known only from a musical record made in the 1960s — to a population of chingolos. Using physics-based modeling of the bird’s vocal tract (声道) , the team first created an accurate artificial version of the lost song. They then engineered this model into a physical device designed to broadcast the forgotten melody — a “robotic tutor.” This artificial song was introduced to the chingolos in the park during their critical learning period from October to February. The sessions took place during peak singing hours and were limited to a maximum of eight hours. There were random pauses (停顿) in between so that the birds interpreted the playback from the three devices placed in the area as a real exchange, as if these devices were responding to each other. This stimulated the birds’ vocal responses. The results were impressive. Young chingolos learned and adopted the song, though they added their own population’s “accent” to the final trill (颤音) , which showed that their singing is shaped by learned behaviors and inborn characteristics. “This is about preserving not just genetic, but cultural biodiversity,” says another researcher. The team is now developing AI systems to automatically identify individual bird songs and planning to study cultural spread in bird populations to ensure that bird culture is not lost again. 1．Why did the researchers teach the birds the song? A．To save an endangered species. B．To study the birds’ brain structure. C．To develop new robotic devices. D．To preserve the birds’ cultural heritage. 2．What is a role of chingolos’ song? A．It keeps hunters away from them. B．It helps them adapt to urban growth. C．It functions as their social identity. D．It makes them remember their habitat. 3．What is the purpose of the random pauses? A．To protect the birds’ vocal tract. B．To test the birds’ reaction speed. C．To push the birds to catch the beat. D．To trick the birds into interaction. 4．What can we learn from chingolos’ learning results? A．The song has spread to other bird species. B．Their singing shows special vocal features. C．Their response to the song needs improving. D．The effectiveness depends on their population. Passage 5 （2026·广东梅州·一模） Coral reefs, long hailed as centers of marine biodiversity, are now being revealed as powerful conductors of microscopic life in the waters around them. A pioneering study led by Dr. Herdis Steinsdóttir demonstrates that reefs actively shape daily rhythms in nearby microbial communities, changing their makeup and numbers over each 24-hour period. Published in Science Advances, the research monitored microbes in the northern Gulf of Aqaba in the Red Sea. By comparing waters close to reefs with open ocean areas during both winter and summer, and collecting samples every six hours, the team uncovered clear daily and seasonal patterns previously missed. They employed advanced methods like genetic sequencing and high-resolution imaging to track bacteria, microalgae, and microscopic predators with great detail. Key findings emerged. Reef waters consistently had lower counts of bacteria and microalgae compared to open waters, pointing to active removal by reef life. In contrast, populations of heterotrophic protists — tiny predators that consume bacteria — reached their highest levels at night, sometimes increasing by 80%. This nighttime spike emphasizes predation (捕食) as a major force driving changes in microbial communities. Another major discovery involved Symbiodiniaceae, the microscopic algae (微观藻类) that live in symbiosis with corals. Their genetic markers peaked around midday in reef waters, suggesting a daily cycle tied to light availability and coral biological activity. This highlights the reef’s active, not passive, role in organizing microbial life. As co-author Dr. Frada stated, “Reefs generate daily patterns that repeat with the seasons and affect how energy moves through the system.” Importantly, the study found that these daily microbial rhythms were as powerful as seasonal changes, stressing the critical need to consider time of day in ecological studies. By combining genetic, imaging, and environmental data, the research provided a comprehensive, time-based picture of microbial life around reefs. It not only deepens our understanding of reefs’ broader ecological influence but also paves the way for new conservation approaches that use an understanding of microbial rhythms to protect these vital ecosystems. 1．What is the main finding of the study led by Dr. Steinsdottir? A．Coral reefs are facing unprecedented threats from microbial activities. B．Microbial populations near reefs show changes only with the seasons. C．Reefs actively create daily rhythmic patterns in nearby microbial populations. D．Reefs passively host a diverse but stable community of microbes year-round. 2．What can be inferred about heterotrophic protists from paragraph 3? A．They are most active during the day B．They are a primary food source for corals. C．They are less abundant in reef waters than in the open ocean. D．Their population rise helps control bacterial numbers at night. 3．Why does the author quote Dr. Frada in paragraph 4? A．To emphasize the passive nature of coral reefs. B．To highlight the seasonal stability of reef ecosystems. C．To stress the active role of reefs in shaping microbial cycles. D．To explain the sampling methodology already used in the study. 4．What is the significance of the discovery that daily rhythms are as strong as seasonal ones? A．It proves that seasonal changes are irrelevant to reef studies. B．It suggests that time of day is a crucial factor in ecological research. C．It shows that all marine ecosystems operate on identical daily cycles. D．It indicates that microbial activity is unrelated to environmental changes. 主题01 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （2026·广东深圳·一模） When you rub (摩擦) a balloon on your skin, it produces electricity — a familiar example of charge separation (电荷分离), a process in which opposite charges are separated, creating electric potential. Similarly, raindrops striking a narrow tube create a tiny yet significant burst of energy. Now, researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) have tapped into this effect to generate electricity using rain-like droplets. Conventional hydropower (水力发电) relies on large water flows, which only work in places like rivers. For smaller, slower flows, researchers have explored charge separation. They use a tube to let water flow through it continuously. Charges gather on the surface that the water touches. In this way, researchers can collect charges, but it is far from effective. To solve this problem, the NUS team built a special device. At both ends of the device — the top of the newly-designed tube (about 2 millimeters in width), and the water-collecting cup at the bottom — electrical wires were placed to harvest charges. First, water is released from a metal needle, forming rain-like droplets. When these droplets enter the tube, their impacts create “plug flow,” in which the water forms mini columns separated by air gaps. This flow is crucial because it allows more surface contact and more time for charges to build up, generating up to 100, 000times more charge separation than continuous flow. As charged droplets exit the tube and fall into the cup, charges build up in the water, creating an electric current. In tests, four tubes produced enough electricity to power 12 LED lights continuously for 20 seconds. According to the study’s lead author, this model shows how rain can be used to generate clean electricity effectively and sustainably, especially in rainy places such as Singapore. Its potential is enormous, as it offers an alternative energy source even in cities. Imagine a rain collection device on your roof, producing small amounts of electricity whenever it rains — a small step for a raindrop, but a giant leap for sustainable energy technology. 1．What problem do the NUS researchers aim to solve? A．The difficulty of separating charges. B．The lack of clean electricity sources. C．The inefficiency of charge harvesting. D．The damage of traditional hydropower. 2．Which of the following best illustrates “plug flow”? A． B． C． D． 3．What is the last paragraph mainly about concerning the model? A．Its potential cost in urban areas. B．Its promising use in green energy. C．Its complex design for rain power. D．Its practical need for more devices. 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Revolutionary Energy from Raindrops B．Urgent Demand for Sustainable Energy C．Capturing Raindrops through Innovation D．Turning Charge Separation into Electricity Passage 2 （2026·广东·一模） What if the computers of tomorrow didn’t depend on metal and plastic, but instead grew from the soil beneath our feet? This idea is turning into reality in a laboratory, where researchers at The Ohio State University have found that common fungi — such as shiitake and button mushrooms — can be used to create memory components for computing. These mushroom-based devices act as organic memristors (忆阻器), short for memory resistors. Unlike traditional resistors, memristors have the unique ability to retain information about past electrical states. When current flows in one direction, their resistance increases; when it flows the opposite way, their resistance decreases. Even after the power is switched off, the resistance level remains, thus allowing memristors to function like tiny memory units inside a computer. Mushrooms contain a dense, thread-like network known as mycelium (菌丝体), which can send tiny electrical signals — much like memristors do. To test this, scientists attached wires to dried mushrooms and sent small electrical pulses through them. The results were remarkable: the mushrooms switched between electrical states up to 5,850 times per second with about 90% accuracy. Although their performance dropped under higher electrical frequencies, stability returned when several mushrooms were linked together — suggesting a kind of collective intelligence, similar to how brain cells function together. Beyond these exciting results, mushrooms come with major environmental advantages. Traditional memristors rely on scarce minerals and require high energy consumption. Mushrooms, however, are renewable, biodegradable, and easy to grow. Their mycelium can also be shaped into custom structures, making them suitable for wearable electronics, smart sensors, and other emerging technologies. “Everything needed to explore organic computing could be as small as a pile of natural waste and some homemade electronics — or as large as a culturing factory,” said John LaRocco, the study’s lead author. “All of it is achievable with the resources we already have.” In the not-too-distant future, the computers on our desks may very well have taken root — quite literally — in the forest. 1．What does the underlined word “retain” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Track. B．Store. C．Gather. D．Analyze. 2．What does the author want to illustrate by mentioning brain cells in paragraph 3? A．The complex structure of mushrooms. B．The rapid electrical response of mycelium. C．The cooperative nature of mycelium networks. D．The unstable performance of mushroom devices. 3．What advantages do mushroom-based memristors have according to paragraph 4? A．They are rare and special. B．They are smart and powerful. C．They are creative and productive. D．They are sustainable and adaptable. 4．What can be inferred about organic computing from John LaRocco’s words? A．It has a low barrier to entry. B．It will advance forest research. C．It helps reduce agricultural waste. D．It will create more jobs in factories. Passage 3 （2026·广东惠州·一模） Using artificial intelligence to create artworks increases artists’ productivity and generates more positive reactions, according to a study involving submissions to a popular art-sharing website by more than 50,000 users. But generative AI works are more likely to display stereotypical (刻板印象的) themes, reducing the novelty of an artist’s work. The researchers tracked 4 million works published on the website by the artists. The artists self-divided into two groups: those who continued to work using traditional methods — a sort of control group, and those who adopted AI. The latter group, numbering about 5,800, were identified by the use of tags (标签) on their work, such as “AI-generated” or the names of the AI tools. Works posted into AI art communities on the site were also included. Artists who adopted AI tools saw their productivity measured by the number of works posted increase by 25 percent over the study period. They also saw a 50 percent rise in the number of  “favourites” their work received over six months. But novelty, measured by the subject matter and specific details of the work, decreased for the AI-using group. “The study completely tracks with my own experience with these tools and spaces,” says Andres Guadamuz at the University of Sussex, UK. “At first, it felt that you could do anything, bring anything in your head into existence, but the more I used them, the more I kept coming back to themes I liked.” Guadamuz points out that he isn’t judging the quality of the images produced by generative AI nor their originality, nor the creativity involved in the process. All these things are often hotly contested, with some artists saying that generative AI is using their works as training data and limiting their ability to be recognized as creatives. Zhou at Boston University is also considering these questions. He says, “The generative technology accelerates the ability to produce. But it raises other issues: Are we foregoing the process of understanding what goes into being creative and producing something meaningful, in favour of just being able to brute force our way with technology?” 1．What do we know about the artworks created by AI according to paragraph 1? A．They are abundant but less creative. B．They are generative but less popular. C．They balance popularity with artistic depth. D．They attract viewers with the trendy subjects. 2．How was the study conducted? A．By surveying artists’ opinions on AI tools using. B．By analyzing suggestions on generative AI works. C．By comparing artworks with different AI involvement. D．By observing the process of AI-assisted artistic creation. 3．What can be inferred from Guadamuz’s statement? A．AI tools help artists explore new creative styles. B．AI users receive more recognition for their creativity. C．Artists believe AI improves the quality of their artworks. D．Artists may repeat themes they like when using AI tools. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Unstoppable Rise of AI Artworks. B．The Breakthrough of AI in Artistic Creation. C．The Role of AI in Artistic Productivity. D．The Double-Edged Sword of AI in Artworks. 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （2026·广东梅州·一模） Mr. Johnson, a high school history teacher, had long noticed a worrying trend in his classroom. While his students could carefully remember dates, names and events for exams, they always failed to understand the human side of history. To them, the past seemed a fixed set of facts, without emotion, struggle or personal meaning. Wanting to fix this gap, Mr. Johnson decided to completely change his teaching way in the middle of the semester, trading a traditional research report for a story-writing task. He asked his students to pick a historical figure and write a detailed story from that person’s own point of view. The task was confusing at first, but soon the classroom was full of active questions and discussion. One student learned deeply about the life of a young soldier in World War I, writing a sad and moving story of the mud, fear and fragile friendship in the trench lines. Another told the story of a female scholar from the Renaissance, making up a tale of her love for learning being held back by social rules. The thorough research and creative care for how the figure felt that the students showed was amazing. Mr. Johnson was surprised by the big change in his students. The essays he got were not just correct; they were full of real feelings and a clear understanding of people’s thoughts. The students had stopped just repeating facts and truly connected with history, seeing historical figures as people with many different sides instead of just names from a long time ago. In later class talks, their questions changed from “What happened?” to “Why did they feel that way?” and “What would I have done?”. This story-writing method didn’t just help them remember facts better; it built up their ability to think deeply and their real care for how others felt. Inspired by this success, Mr. Johnson has now made story-telling a regular part of his lessons. He believes that when students learn to experience history through story-telling, they do more than just remember it — they start to understand its long-lasting effects on their own lives and what it means to be human in general. In his classroom, history is no longer just a subject about the past; it has become a talk with the past. 1．What was Mr. Johnson’s initial problem with his students? A．They preferred science over history. B．They were not interested in history at all. C．They could not memorize historical facts. D．They lacked emotional connection to history. 2．How did Mr. Johnson change his teaching method? A．He gave more tests on dates and names in history class. B．He asked students to write from a historical person’s view. C．He showed more historical documentaries with facts. D．He invited historians to give lectures in his classroom. 3．What did the students’ essays demonstrate after the new assignment? A．They contained more dates and facts than before. B．They showed better memorization of historical events. C．They reflected emotional understanding and personal insight. D．They were shorter but more accurate than previous work. 4．What is the main message of the text? A．History is more than facts — it’s human stories. B．Teachers should use more technology in class. C．Students prefer creative writing to exams. D．Storytelling is only useful in English class. Passage 2 （2026·广东深圳中学、顺德一中、松山湖未来学校、中山纪念中学·一模） Non-instrumental information seeking, driven by curiosity, is common in daily life. Previous studies suggest that aging may reduce overall information-seeking behavior and curiosity. However, few studies have examined whether the type of information sought changes with age. Greta Fastrich investigates whether adults exhibit different information-seeking behaviors — specifically, diverse (exploring new topics) or specific (deepening knowledge on familiar topics)  — as they age. The study involved 498 participants aged 12 to 79, who selected one of the provided topics. Participants were then presented with short factual statements, followed by options to either learn more about the same topic (specific information seeking) or switch to a new topic (diverse information seeking). They could read up to 10 facts for each topic and up to 80 facts in total across multiple topics. The participants could spend as much time as they wished reading each fact and making their choices. Data were collected on how many facts each. The facts were presented in a random order, and the participants could spend as much time as they wished reading each fact and making their choices. Data were collected on how many facts each participant read, whether they chose to continue reading within a topic or switch, and their self-reported curiosity in the material. The results revealed significant age-related differences in information-seeking strategies. Older participants read more facts per topic, showing a clear preference for deepening their knowledge rather than broadening it. In contrast, younger participants exhibited more diverse information seeking, frequently switching between topics to explore a wider range of materials. For each additional year in age, participants were slightly more likely to stay within a topic and less likely to explore a new one. Additionally, the researchers found that participants’ self-reported curiosity was related to their information-seeking choices. Participants who rated themselves as more interested in a fact were more likely to continue within the same topic. This has implications for how new information should be communicated to different age groups in order to best support motivated learning. This consideration has a vast range of potential applications, from educational course design to museum exhibit arrangements to the provision of health information. 1．What does Greta’s research focus on? A．Information processing. B．Information distribution. C．Information-seeking tendency. D．Information-seeking techniques. 2．What were participants required to do in the study? A．Provide detailed data on a topic. B．Maintain their interest in reading. C．Raise topics they want to explore. D．Read information on certain topics. 3．Which best describes the age-related shift in information-seeking behavior? A．Gradual and steady. B．Random and frequent. C．Substantial but temporary. D．Unpredictable but measurable. 4．Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this study? A．Younger adults benefit from in-depth information. B．People of all ages need non-instrumental information. C．Information should be tailored to different age groups. D．Age affects how quickly people process new information. 主题03 人与社会——生物医疗 Passage 1 （2026·广东江门·一模） Some check watches or phone apps to know the time, but few realize our bodies have an internal clock — our circadian (昼夜) rhythm. Disrupted rhythms are linked to illnesses like Type 2 Diabetes and cancer, and drug effects vary significantly by administration time. This connection between treatment time and health outcomes has generated a specialized approach: chronotherapy. The idea of chronotherapy — giving drugs at right times — owes much to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which describes organs’ activity peaks at specific times. French researcher Francis Lévi drew on this wisdom to explore cancer treatment: healthy cells divide fixedly, while cancer cells multiply uncontrollably. Since chemotherapy (化疗) targets rapidly dividing cells, Levi reasoned that giving drugs when healthy cells are “asleep” could boost effectiveness and reduce side effects. Medical tests proved promising. Those who received chemotherapy at 6 am instead of 6 pm experienced far milder sickness and tiredness. Similar benefits emerged elsewhere: afternoon heart surgery is safer, and flu vaccines given between 9-11 am generate four times more antibodies than later in the day. Yet chronotherapy faced a problem: everyone’s internal clock varies by up to 12 hours. Measuring it used to be time-consuming — tracking melatonin (褪黑素) release required hours in darkness and frequent samples. Now, new tests using blood or even hair offer quicker results. For example, Germany’s BodlyClock test analyzes clock gene activity in hair follicles (毛囊) to reveal internal time, helping tailor treatments. These advances in determining our biological time not only support precision medicine but also the use of daily rhythms to enhance overall health. For instance, exposure to morning light helps advance the body clock, while minimizing evening blue light promotes sound sleep. Scheduling demanding mental tasks or intense exercise during personal peak cognitive and physical periods (typically afternoon to early evening) can boost performance. By making use of our circadian rhythm - through timed treatments and rhythm - aware living - we can unlock longer, healthier lives. 1．What was Francis Lévi’s exploration of cancer treatment based on? A．The different patterns of cell division. B．The time when cancer cells divide slowly. C．The measurement of patients’ sleep habits. D．The insight of traditional Chinese medicine. 2．What do Paragraphs 3 and 4 suggest about chronotherapy? A．It is widely used in medical practice. B．It is limited by measurement problems. C．It relies on traditional rhythm assessment. D．Its effectiveness is tied to treatment timing. 3．Which is a good daily application of circadian rhythm? A．Avoiding regular melatonin supplements. B．Getting treatment when healthy cells sleep. C．Adapting daily routines to natural rhythms. D．Following regular lifestyle for physical health. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Follow Your Circadian Rhythm B．Build a Healthy Internal Clock C．Pursue a True Healthy Lifestyle D．Explore Chemotherapy Approaches Passage 2 （2026·广东梅州·一模） For generations, sharing a bed has been widely seen as a key sign of closeness for couples. But a quiet shift is taking place in some Western countries. The trend, called “sleep divorce,” is not about ending a relationship. Instead, it means partners choose to sleep in separate beds or even separate rooms to improve their sleep quality. Sleep divorce is a practical response to common sleep problems, such as snoring, different bedtimes, disagreements over room temperature, shift work, and so on. And stress-related sleeplessness are among the main reasons couples consider sleeping apart. Importantly, this choice is not a legal separation nor a sign of marriage trouble. Several forces are driving this trend. First, sleep troubles are rising worldwide, linked to noise, stress, and late-night screen time in modern life. Second, snoring affects up to half of adults, far more than many realize. Third, health is becoming a higher priority than tradition; couples now see good sleep as essential to well-being, just like diet and exercise. Finally, younger generations are redefining relationship success, valuing flexibility over fixed rules about how couples “should” sleep. Interestingly, sleeping separately often brings couples closer. With better rest, they report fewer arguments, better moods, and clearer communication. Poor sleep can make people easily annoyed and less empathetic, while solid rest supports emotional strength. Experts note that sleep divorce is helpful when partners feel bitter due to constant sleep interruption, wake up tired despite enough time in bed, or deal with heavy snoring. But it can backfire if it’s used to avoid dealing with relationship conflicts, if one partner feels lonely or rejected, or if the decision is not mutual. Therapists advise couples to talk about it as a health choice for both people, not as a way to escape each other. As health and relationship satisfaction take priority over old expectations, sleeping apart may become a normal option for more couples in the future. 1．What is “sleep divorce” according to the text? A．A legal step to end a marriage. B．A sleep arrangement to improve rest. C．A solution mainly for shift workers. D．A trend of avoiding emotional connection. 2．What does the word “backfire” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Improve quickly. B．Gain popularity. C．Succeed unexpectedly. D．Cause harm instead. 3．What can be inferred about younger generations in paragraph 3? A．They stick to traditional sleep habits. B．They experience fewer sleep problems. C．They value health less than older couples. D．They are more flexible in defining relationships. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Why couples Choose to Sleep Apart. B．Get a Divorce: For a Better Sleep C．The Science Behind Better Sleep. D．How to Design a Dual-Bedroom Home. Passage 3 （2026·广东大湾区·一模） What if you could stay mentally sharp in old age? We may be closer to understanding “superagers” — people over 80 with the cognitive (认知的) skills of someone decades younger. Northwestern University’s SuperAging Research Program has identified some common brain features that help preserve this function. The research defines a “distinct brain-related signature” for identifying superagers: You might be one if you’re 80 or older and can recall at least nine words 30 minutes after hearing a 15-word list. Superagers’ brains also show slower thinning, with only a 1.06% reduction over 18 months compared to the 2.24% seen in their peers (同龄人), and a stronger cholinergic system, which is crucial for memory, learning and motor function. Critically, there’s one quality all superagers share: sociability. This observed sociability has biological roots. Superagers possess more von Economo neurons, a type of brain cell associated with sociability, than their peers, and even more than younger people. These neurons are found in highly social species like whales. “Animals with strong connections tend to outlive and outsmart their peers. It’s like the pack culture,” says study author Gefen. Additionally, superagers’ thicker anterior cingulate gyrus — a brain region linked to motivation rather than memory — suggests that they may be more willing to engage in challenging tasks. However, this isn’t a long-term study tracking participants from youth, so “we can’t completely know whether this high level of sociability is helping or not,” Gefen notes. While other research suggests lifestyle factors like exercise may prevent up to 45% of serious memory loss, their role in superagers remains unclear. “When it comes to superagers, we have more questions than answers,” she adds. Still, this research could help find future treatments for some brain diseases. Northwestern’s ongoing work aims to advance this goal, including investigating what makes von Economo neurons special and their role in disease resistance. 1．What is the key characteristic that sets superagers apart from their peers? A．Rapid brain thinning. B．Strong critical thinking. C．Superb visual memory. D．High social engagement. 2．Why does the author mention whales in paragraph 3? A．To analyze human-animal ties. B．To illustrate the basis of sociability. C．To show the observation result. D．To contrast brains of various species. 3．What does Gefen mean by saying “It’s like the pack culture”? A．Social bonds benefit individuals. B．Pack animals are faced with more risks. C．Each species has its own culture. D．Sociability is rooted in animal behavior. 4．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Suggestions for further studies. B．Study limitations. C．Comparisons with other findings. D．Experts’ comments. 主题04 人与自我——身心健康 Passage 1 （2026·广东佛山·一模） For decades “Monday blues” has been a term for the collective groan (叹息) that greets the start of each workweek. Mondays come with higher rates of anxiety, stress and even suicide compared with other days. The stress and anxiety experienced on Monday seems to ease as the week unfolds. But is the stress and anxiety biologically distinct? Furthermore, could the fleeting changes in mood leave a mark on people’s body even after they stop working? To answer these questions, Professor Tarani Chandola from HKU, looked into the phenomenon, focusing on the stress hormone cortisol (皮质醇). When we experience a stressor, the brain activates the release of cortisol, which helps us to manage short-term stress. But constant high levels of cortisol disturb the brain and bodily systems, increasing the risk of anxiety, depression, heart disease, diabetes and obesity. Chandola studied 3,511 participants aged 50 and older in England, and the results were striking. Older adults who reported feeling anxious on Mondays had, on average, 23 percent higher levels of cortisol up to two months later, compared with those who felt anxious on other days. And the effect was not limited to those still working; retirees who felt anxious on Mondays also showed higher cortisol. Why might Mondays, in particular, have a powerful effect on the body? One possibility is that the shift from the weekend to the high demands of the week is essentially stressful. Also, some people become anxious on Mondays so routinely that it becomes an automatic bodily response. For some people, Monday blues are constant stressors. Hospitals may need to plan for the increased risk of heart attacks and other health events on Mondays, especially among older adults. In addition, international practices like meditation, mindfulness, regular physical activity or good sleep might help people adapt to the start of the week and have long-term health benefits. Finally, researchers will need to investigate why some people are resilient (适应力强) to Monday anxiety while others are not. That question might open the door to interventions that help people start the week not just with a groan but with greater resilience. 1．What does the underlined word “fleeting” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Extreme. B．Uncommon. C．Short-lived. D．Far-reaching. 2．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3? A．To define a medical term. B．To show ways to handle stress. C．To explain how cortisol helps reduce stress. D．To reveal how stress harms health biologically. 3．What did Chandola’s study find about Monday anxiety? A．Its levels are closely related to age. B．It is a lifelong burden for some people. C．It is the primary challenge people face. D．Its effects are limited among the elderly. 4．Which is one of the author’s suggestions to address Monday blues? A．Researchers doing further studies. B．Hospitals keeping track of the old. C．Individuals seeking help from others. D．Companies reducing Monday workloads. Passage 2 （2026·广东大湾区·一模） Earth’s biggest problem, according to Douglas Adams, is quite simple: the species of clever ape (猿) that thinks it runs the joint is mostly unhappy most of the time. Computer scientist Cal Newport now adds email to the list of life’s troubles. In his book A World Without Email, he argues this once-brilliant invention has made us suffer. Newport says we’ve become slaves to email trapped in a “hyperactive hive mind” — the reality in which everyone, everywhere, can communicate with everyone else with ease. Studies have shown how dominant email has become in ordinary office life. The average knowledge worker sends and receives 126 emails daily, which ruins focus, making them less productive and more irritable (易怒的). All of this might be bearable but for one problem: the mismatch between modern electronic messaging and our own information-processing capacity. Multitasking is a myth. We can’t think clearly while dealing with an overflowing inbox. We’re wired to prefer real-time conversations, where everyone gets updates together. Back in small tribes (部落), we needed daily chats to feel connected. Now, in a digital world, that ancient urge makes us anxious if we don’t reply to every email instantly. Despite his book’s title, Newport isn’t against all electronic messaging. What drives him to desperation is how we use it. With office workers nodding in hearty agreement, Newport offers some solutions. A German company invented the No Email Day. Productivity went up, even though it shortened the work time. The goal was for everyone to approach their work more deliberately without rushing. Some companies use an application called Trello to allow workers to access the necessary data and decide when to jump in and get things done. Handling email when it’s out of control is like being pecked (啄) by a flock of geese. But changing this won’t be easy. Our need for focused thinking conflicts with the Dopamine Economy — something designed to keep us unable to resist constant messages. Still, Newport thinks regaining control of our time might be the key to being happier at work. 1．What phenomenon does Newport point out in his book? A．Office workers fail to handle daily emails. B．People can contact each other more easily. C．Convenience of modern life comes at a cost. D．Email overload affects efficiency and mood. 2．How does the author develop paragraph 3? A．By giving examples. B．By presenting the history. C．By analyzing the cause. D．By comparing preferences. 3．What does Newport try to illustrate by mentioning the practices of some companies? A．The importance of autonomy at work. B．The necessity to cut working hours. C．The benefit of technological advances. D．The need to follow economic trend. 4．What might be a suitable title for the text? A．Message Overflow B．Email Slavery C．Message Addiction D．Email Craze 主题05 人与社会——生态环境 Passage 1 （2026·广东大湾区·一模） Colorful songbirds known as honeycreepers were once common in Hawaii. However, these native creatures are now struggling to survive because of avian malaria, a deadly disease spread by invasive (侵袭的) mosquitoes. Of the more than 50 species that once lived throughout the islands, just 17 remain today. Now, scientists have come up with a clever plan to help the birds. They are using drones to drop thousands of lab-grown, non-biting male mosquitoes engineered to carry a type of bacteria called Wolbachia that acts as mosquito birth control. When these special males mate with wild females, the resulting eggs will not hatch, which should reduce the overall mosquito population and give the birds a much-needed break. Since the “Birds, Not Mosquitoes” (BNM) project was started in 2023, over 40 million such mosquitoes have been released. Most of the mosquito drops have been made from helicopters. But recently, scientists began experimenting with eight-foot-long drones. A drone can’t carry as many mosquitoes as a helicopter can — just 23,000 compared to 250,000 — but it’s safer, because it doesn’t require any humans to be on board. Drones are also easier to arrange at a moment’s notice, which is a major benefit in an area with often unpredictable weather. The mosquitoes are being dropped inside small capsules. Each capsule contains roughly 1,000 males, which are kept alive inside a temperature-controlled transport box attached to the drone. Once released, they “fall to the forest floor where they provide protection to the mosquitoes until they’re ready to fly away,” says Adam Knox, a drone pilot involved in the project. “The capsules then begin to break down once exposed to wind and rain,” he adds. This technique, previously used against human diseases, marks its first wildlife-saving application. With climate change pushing mosquitoes to higher altitudes — the last shelter for honeycreepers, time is running out. Several of the remaining honeycreeper species are highly endangered. Some die after a single bite from an infected mosquito. Thus, curbing the mosquito population with methods like the BNM project may be the birds’ only chance to survive. 1．What can be learnt about honeycreepers from paragraph 1? A．They spread avian malaria to mosquitoes. B．A mosquito-borne disease threatens them. C．Thirty-three species of them have died out. D．They are losing habitats to native creatures. 2．What led to the shift to a new carrier in the project? A．Its success in previous similar projects. B．Its expanded carrying capacity and range. C．Its superior operational safety and flexibility. D．Its adaptability to various weather conditions. 3．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．How to protect mosquitoes from diseases. B．How to deliver the lab-grown mosquitoes. C．How to lessen the project’s impact on nature. D．How to control the temperature of containers. 4．What does the underlined word “curbing” in the last paragraph mean? A．Wiping out. B．Keeping track of. C．Coexisting with. D．Keeping under control. Passage 2 （2026·广东深圳中学、顺德一中、松山湖未来学校、中山纪念中学·第一次联考） An ambitious plan to genetically engineer a version of the woolly mammoth (长毛猛犸象), a giant that disappeared 4,000 years ago, is making some progress. A new biosciences and genetics company, Colossal, has raised $15 million to create a mammoth hybrid that looks exactly like its extinct counterpart. The goal isn’t to clone a mammoth, but to create, through genetic engineering, a living, walking elephant-mammoth hybrid. The scientists revealed they had reprogrammed cells from an Asian elephant, the woolly mammoth’s closest living relative. These changed cells can grow into any kind of elephant cell. The research team has analyzed 50 changes to the genetic code of the Asian elephant to give it the characteristics it needs to survive and thrive in the Arctic. These characteristics include a 10-centimeter layer of insulating (绝缘的) fat, five different kinds of hair including some that is up to a meter long, and smaller ears that will help the hybrid tolerate the cold. Colossal believes that bringing the woolly mammoth hybrid to life could possibly help restore the fragile Arctic tundra (冻原) ecosystem, which is at risk as the world warms. The company has claimed that mammoths, if they should return to their natural habitat in the Arctic in sufficient numbers, would help slow down frozen soil melting. Some scientists believe that, before their extinction, animals such as mammoths and horses kept the earth frozen underneath by walking on the grass, knocking down trees and pressing snow tight. One small study in Siberia published in 2021 suggested that the presence of large mammals such as horses and reindeer resulted in lower soil temperatures in the protected area where they were kept compared with land outside that area. Colossal announced other plans to bring some animals back to life such as the Tasmanian tigers in 2023 and the dodos in 2024, but its work on the mammoth has been going on longest. 1．What does the underlined word “counterpart” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Extracted cell. B．Fellow species. C．Cloned elephant. D．Endangered animal. 2．What can be learnt about the hybrid? A．It is visually similar to the Asian elephant. B．It can grow into any types of elephant cell. C．Thick fat and smaller ears help it endure the severe weather. D．Long hair like a woolly coat keeps it from the cold and attacks. 3．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The various ways of keeping the earth frozen. B．The high possibility of returning mammoths. C．The strong link between all the animals and the Arctic. D．The potential impact of returning mammoths to the Arctic. 4．Which of the following can be inferred from the text? A．The mammoth hybrid might make global warming less serious. B．Colossal has devoted itself to bringing back an extinct mammoth to life. C．The projects of the tigers and dodos are as difficult as that of the mammoth. D．The return of mammoths would lead to the extinction of other animals in the Arctic. Passage 3 （2026·广东佛山·一模） On a typical sunny day at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), small native bushes (灌木) wave where tidy grasslands used to be, bees fly over flowers, and students walk on a campus alive with biodiversity. The new scenery marks a major milestone in campus sustainability. In 2025, UCLA became the first university in California to earn the Green Grounds Certification from the nonprofit Re: wild Your Campus, which recognizes the school’s efforts to improve human health and biodiversity. For years, colleges have used rewilding as a way to restore biodiversity and bring a more natural look to their grounds with native plants. But too often, they miss a critical piece of the puzzle: the chemicals being used elsewhere on campus. While wildflowers bring buzzing bees, true ecological restoration is weakened if pesticides (农药) and fertilizers are used. This is why Re: wild Your Campus created the Green Grounds Certification-to center both chemical elimination and rewilding and to link them together. Schools that are taking such a holistic approach to campus management can be honored and uplifted. Adopting a holistic approach to land care does more than just create healthier campus environments; it reinforces the reality that colleges are interconnected microcosms (缩影) of larger environmental systems. In many cities, universities offer some of the largest areas of open space, yet the chemicals applied to grasslands can impact nearby rivers, lakes, and drinking water. Students and all the teaching staff are increasingly recognizing this, leading to more advocacy for introducing native species and stopping using harmful pesticides. Beyond environmental health, a rewilding approach can help safeguard human health. Students are closely connected to the outdoor settings of their colleges where pesticides can stay in the air, settle on picnic tables, and be tracked into dorm rooms. Through a holistic approach, institutions can ensure that the grounds students walk on daily are free from poisonous substances, for the health of all. And that’s exactly what some schools like UCLA are doing. Their leadership shows that sustainability means finding new ways to care for the land responsibly-for people and for the planet. 1．How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A．By discussing students’ activities. B．By describing a changed landscape. C．By showing students’ love for nature. D．By highlighting the function of plants. 2．What can we know about the holistic approach? A．It was initiated by UCLA． B．It avoids using pesticides. C．It focuses on students’ welfare. D．It is intended to connect schools. 3．Why does the author mention “picnic tables” in paragraph 6? A．To promote a healthy lifestyle. B．To suggest safety improvements. C．To discourage outdoor activities. D．To stress health risks to students. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Native Plants: Key to Preventing Pollution. B．UCLA’s Holistic Plan: For Safer Classrooms. C．The Holistic Method: Toward Sustainable Campuses. D．Sustainability Through Trees: For Greener Campuses. Passage 4 （2026·广东广州名校联盟·一模） Polar bears are often the poster children for the impacts of climate change because of how much they rely on the ice for survival. Less ice forces these powerful predators to swim further to find food or spend more time on land living off fat reserves. Many polar bear populations are at risk of starvation.These polar bears are getting fatter as sea ice melts. What’s going on? To find out what might be going on, researchers looked at the body size and chest circumference of 770 adult polar bears captured during this monitoring between 1992 and 2019. Leaner polar bears, with less fat stores to see them through hard times, can be an early warning sign of a struggling population, so body condition can indicate how a population is faring. Scientists had predicted that diminishing (逐渐减少的) sea ice would leave polar bears thinner and in poorer body condition, and Jon Aars, the lead author from the Norwegian Polar Institute, who observed rapid ice loss in Svalbard, expected this trend to harm the local bears’ physical state. Their new findings revealed the opposite. The bears’ body condition decreased between 1995 and 2000 before improving again, even though the region was rapidly losing sea ice after 2000. “I was a bit surprised when we found that it had actually increased instead of decreasing,” says Aars. “It’s good news that they have coped so well, despite nowhere else in the Arctic having sea ice disappear at this rate.” This doesn’t mean the bears aren’t affected by climate change. They have been forced to spend more time on land hunting less energy-rich foods, such as seabird eggs, and swim further between hunting and mating grounds. They have also lost important denning areas. “The good news is that they’re still in good health,” Aars says. One cause is Svalbard bears preying on more land animals like reindeer, whose numbers rebounded after overhunting, supplying summer food when bears usually fast. Reduced ice may also cluster ringed seals tightly, making them easier to hunt. This is only a small window of hope, not long-term safety. Experts warn the ecosystem could hit a irreversible tipping point, and future conditions for the bears will grow harsher. Other Arctic subpopulations decline with less ice, and each group is shaped by its local habitat. Although these polar bears are currently doing well, that won’t continue if the ice disappears completely, says Aars: “You don’t have polar bears anywhere where you don’t have sea ice for part of the year.” 1．How does the passage start? A．By stating a common belief. B．By describing a disaster scene. C．By introducing poster children. D．By raising a heated issue. 2．Which study design is similar to that in the passage? A．Check exercises to note weak learners’ personal growth. B．Mark quiz scores to judge top students’ class progress. C．Grade all papers to check the whole class’s true level. D．Review all mistakes to test whole-unit knowledge grasp. 3．Why does Jon Aars say “The good news is that they’re still in good health”? A．They keep healthy by getting enough food amid sea ice loss. B．Enough food helps them stay healthy despite ice reduction. C．Sea ice loss has little effect on their health condition. D．Their diet adjustment helps deal with ice loss well. 4．What does Jon Aars express at the end? A．Hope for partial climate adaptation. B．Concern about ice-free survival. C．Optimism about temporary security. D．Worry about ecosystem loss. Passage 5 （2026·广东肇庆·一模） Flamingos are eye-catching birds known for their pink color, standing on one leg to conserve energy, and dancing during mating and eating. Scientists have understood them to be filter (过滤) feeders. Like baleen whales, they have developed parts of the mouth that allow them to filter and eat small organisms from the water. One biology researcher from Northern California became curious about what was going on under the water. It started when he and his family were visiting the zoo in Atlanta, Georgia, and he noticed a flamingo eating. Surprised that scientific research hadn’t yet delivered an answer, he decided to investigate. After studying the animals for a few years, he announced his findings in May. Flamingos, he says, aren’t simply passively filtering food. They are deliberately moving water in ways that direct the prey into their mouths. They use their L-shaped beaks upside down underwater to create vortex (漩涡) — like mini-tornadoes of water. The water, which can contain small organisms, moves from the lake bed or seafloor to the water surface and into the flamingos’ mouths. To find out what was happening, the researcher and his team studied three flamingos that were trained to feed in a clear container. The scientists also built a three-dimensional model of a flamingo beak and watched it work underwater. They found that flamingos frequently pull their heads out of the water during the process of feeding. The birds also chatter (鸣叫), or clap their beaks together, when the tops of their heads but not their beaks are out of the water. These movements, along with a dance-like stomping motion they do with their feet, create the vortexes. While the flamingos’ motions can look playful, they serve an important role in their survival. 1．What can we know about flamingos from the first paragraph? A．They use filtering to attract potential mates’ attention. B．They adopt specific postures to display their beauty. C．Their pink feathers are closely related to mating behavior. D．The function of their mouth parts is similar to those of baleen whales. 2．What does the underlined word “prey” in paragraph 3 probably refer to? A．The water in the container. B．The vortex-like mini-tornadoes. C．The small organisms in the water. D．The L-shaped beaks of flamingos. 3．What can we infer from the researcher’s investigation? A．All flamingos live in lakes or seas with clear water. B．The findings use three wild flamingos as study objects. C．Baleen whales catch food in the same way as flamingos. D．Flamingos’ feeding is more complex than previously thought. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．How flamingos created vortexes. B．How three flamingos are trained. C．How researchers built 3D models. D．How flamingos survive the vortexes. 主题06 人与自然——旅游 （2026·广东肇庆·一模） Nowadays, many Chinese tourists are so troubled by holiday crowds that seeking out unheralded (冷门的) destinations has become a trend known as “reverse travel”. Aside from providing people with better travel experiences with fewer crowds, reverse travel also meets their need for novelty and uniqueness. A key driver of travelers heading to lesser-known cities is cost. While the Labor Day holiday saw record numbers of domestic travelers, average spending per person remained below pre-pandemic levels according to a report. Hotels in lesser-known cities can be five times cheaper than in Beijing or Shanghai. The reverse travel trend has seen surging bookings in smaller cities, driven mostly by young people escaping the crowds on Shanghai’s Nanjing Road or in Beijing’s Forbidden City. Wang Xinyu is one of them. During the Labor Day holiday, she left for Weihai, a less famous city for traveling. “Not only can I experience the local way of life by wandering through a park or exploring a market, but the hotel here also costs only a third of the price of Nanjing’s downtown hotels — it’s much more cost-effective,” says Wang. However, escaping large popular cities doesn’t guarantee better experiences. The recent virality of niche (小众的) travel spots has revealed formerly hidden gems (宝石) to more travelers, but many small towns and rural areas aren’t well equipped to handle the new tourist influx. Handan, a city of 9 million in Hebei Province, suffered overcrowding during the Labor Day holiday when it was listed as the seventh most popular “niche” travel spot by social media. Those who come with high hopes of idyllic (田园风的) breaks often instead find limited public transport, entertainment facilities, and charm. Some even report boredom. No destination or time is perfect. Either visitors see famous sites and face the crowds, or head off the beaten track and endure worse accommodation and transport options. “With the crazy amount of people traveling now, you have to let go of something if you want some peace and quiet,” says Mr. Zhai, a tourism researcher from Beijing. 1．Why does the author mention Wang Xinyu’s traveling experience? A．To explain how to choose hotels. B．To introduce Weihai’s scenic spots. C．To present reverse travel’s advantages. D．To prove young people love traveling. 2．What might have caused unpleasant reverse traveling experiences? A．Low budget way of traveling. B．Higher hotel costs during holidays. C．Overcrowding in famous destinations. D．Inadequate facilities in small destinations. 3．What might be Mr. Zhai’s attitude to traveling? A．Travelers prefer unheralded spots. B．Travelers need to think carefully. C．Traditional tours are in decline. D．Reverse travel is a new trend. 4．What would be a suitable title for the text? A．Reverse Travel: Trends and Troubles B．Cost-effective Holidays Gain Popularity C．Holiday Crowds Trouble Chinese Tourists D．Famous Attractions VS Small Destinations 主题07 人与社会——历史文化 （2026·广东高州·一模） Researchers in Italy found the more than 2,000-year-old Etruscan and Roman statues in the area of Tuscany. A retired garbage man helped in the discovery of the statues, which lay in mud at the ruins of an ancient spa (矿泉疗养地). Experts called it the biggest collection of ancient bronze (青铜制的) statues ever found in Italy. Some said it was a major finding that would “rewrite history”. Researchers found the statues in 2021 and 2022 in the village of San Casciano dei Bagni. The village still has public baths in operation today. Researchers had long suspected ancient ruins could be discovered at the site. The first few attempts to locate the ancient baths, however, were unsuccessful. Then former garbage man and amateur local historian Stefano Petrini had an idea. He remembered that years earlier he had seen bits of ancient Roman columns on a wall on the other side of the public baths. When Petrini took researchers to the place, they knew they had found the right spot. The statues found there were offerings from Romans and Etruscans who looked to the gods for good health. One of the most amazing finds was the so-called “scrawny boy”, a statue about 90 centimetres high, of a young Roman with a bone disease. A small piece of writing has his name as “Marcius Grabillo”. More unusual offerings were also among smaller objects in the discovery. These included egg shells, pine cones, medical tools and a 2,000-year-old piece of hair. Workers permanently closed the spa about 1,600 years ago. The warm mud of the baths protected the statues. The experts say they may find another six or 12 statues noted in a document found at the site. The archaeologists think that it may have been left by Marcius Grabillo. Petrini hopes the treasures will bring “jobs, culture and knowledge” to his village, which is struggling with depopulation like much of rural Italy. But he does not want to take credit for the discovery. “Important things always happen thanks to several people, never thanks to only one,” he said. “Never.” 1．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The main value of this discovery. B．Identities of the discoverers. C．The process of finding the location. D．The contributions of an amateur historian. 2．What were these discovered statues mainly used for in ancient times? A．Praying for health. B．Recording the death. C．Treating bone diseases. D．Providing unusual offerings. 3．What does the underlined “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．The warm mud. B．The ancient site. C．More relevant information. D．The document discovered on the spot. 4．Which of the following can best describe Stefano Petrini? A．Persistent and ambitious. B．Enthusiastic and humble. C．Adventurous and humorous. D．Knowledgeable and fashionable. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 1．C 2．C 3．D 4．A Passage 2 1．D 2．A 3．D 4．A 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 （2026·广东湛江·一模） 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 主题03 人与社会——社会与文化 （2026·广东汕头澄海·一模） 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 主题04 人与自然——环境保护 （2026·广东汕头澄海·一模） 1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C Passage 2 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A Passage 3 1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D Passage 4 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B Passage 5 1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 主题01 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A Passage 2 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A Passage 3 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A Passage 2 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 主题03 人与社会——生物医疗 Passage 1 1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A Passage 2 1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A Passage 3 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 主题04 人与自我——身心健康 Passage 1 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A Passage 2 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 主题05 人与社会——生态环境 Passage 1 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D Passage 2 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A Passage 3 1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C Passage 4 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B Passage 5 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 主题06 人与自然——旅游 （2026·广东肇庆·一模） 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 主题07 人与社会——历史文化 （2026·广东高州·一模） 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $