Unit 5 Working the Land Learning About Language & Using Language 同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Part 2　Learning About Language & Using Language 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.If you are in need of an 　　　　　(extend) of the deadline, simply explain the situation to the professor.   2.In September 2016, Mother Teresa was named as a saint, which she deserves after her 　　　　　(devote) to helping people in poverty.  3.These 　　　　　(expand) into new worlds help us by giving us new perspectives.  4.Research shows that overcooking vegetables can significantly reduce their 　　　　　(nutrition) value.  5.To help young musicians better understand how to play the music, Anderson might tell them to imagine a calm and 　　　　　(leisure) walk or a ship being tossed by waves.  Ⅱ.单元语法专练 题型(一) 1.It is acknowledged 　　　　　 Luosifen has become a must-try dish for those who are passionate about yummy food.  2. 　　　　　 may be possible that a substance which is left in food can get into the human body while the person is eating.   3.　　　　　 it was a genuine job offer or an eye-catching marketing event isn’t really important.   4.When they will arrive 　　　　　(remain) uncertain, but we should prepare accordingly.  5.　　　　　 tells the truth should be believed, even if their words are difficult to accept.  6.It is unclear 　　　　　 the future holds for graduating students in terms of job opportunities.  7.　　　　　 excited me in particular was enjoying the irresistible moon cakes, known as a symbol of the blessing.   题型(二) 1.很显然,保护濒危动物是一项紧迫的任务。(it作形式主语) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 protecting endangered animals is an urgent task.   2.会议何时召开还未决定。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 has not been decided yet.   3.我们应该做的是重视我们的日常行为。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 is place importance on our daily actions.   4.我们应该牢记的是生活是充满欢笑和泪水的。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 is that life is full of laughter and tears.  5.有人建议把会议推迟到下周一。(it作形式主语,suggest) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the meeting 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 until next Monday.   6.她没有参加六月份的英语演讲比赛的原因还不清楚。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　the English speech contest in June is still not clear.   7.高铁显著缩短了我们的旅行时间,这是事实。(it作形式主语) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the high-speed train significantly reduces our travel time.  能力提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Although it has been revealed in recent years that plants are capable of seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually thought of as silent. But now, for the first time, they have been recorded making ultrasonic(超声的)cries when stressed. Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants give cries at frequencies(频率)humans cannot hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem is cut. Microphones placed 10 centimetres from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz, which the team says insects and some mammals would be capable of hearing and responding to from as far as 5 metres away. A moth may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds water-stressed, the researchers note. Plants could even hear that other plants are suffering from water shortage and react accordingly, they assume. On average, drought-stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour. It is even possible to distinguish between the sounds to know what the stress is. The researchers trained a machine-learning model to distinguish between the plants’ sounds and the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse, correctly identifying in most cases whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut, based on the sound’s intensity and frequency. Enabling farmers to listen for water-stressed plants could “open up a new direction in the field of precision agriculture”as climate change exposes more areas to drought, the researchers say. “The idea seems feasible(可行的)if it is not too costly to set up the recording equipment in a field situation,” says Anne Visscher at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK. She warns that the results can’t yet be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not lead to sounds. In addition, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so the idea remains based on guesses for now, she says. 1.What does the experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University show? A.Tomato plants cry more often than tobacco plants when hurt. B.Plant sounds can be heard by plants quite far away. C.Humans can hear water-hungry plants crying. D.Moths like laying eggs on stressed plants. 2.Taking advantage of the new research findings, farmers can 　　　.  A.predict the drought　　B.reduce the greenhouse effect C.diagnose plants’ condition faster　　D.detect and remove insects easily 3.What is Anne Visscher’s attitude towards the findings of the experiment? A.Disapproving.　　　B.Cautious.　　　C.Appreciative.　　　D.Optimistic. 4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A.Plants get stressed just like us　　B.Sounds of plants detected far away C.Cries of plants break farmers’ hearts　　D.Plants scream in the presence of stress Ⅱ.七选五 If you’ve ever had an indoor plant that quickly withered(枯萎), you might believe that you don’t have a green thumb or you’re not cut out for growing plants. 　1　 The truth is that anyone can be a good plant owner. Below, we’ll walk you through something you need to know to care for your indoor plants.  Keep potting soil moist(微湿的), but not wet. If your soil is either too dry or overwatered, it can damage the plant’s roots. 　2　 What you should do is follow guidelines on how often to water it by doing research on its specific type and characteristics.  Select an area in your house that gets sufficient sunlight. Plants require sunlight in order to undergo photosynthesis(光合作用). 　3　 Instead, give them plenty of indirect light by putting them in a well-lit room. Besides, don’t move your plants around a lot as plants adapt themselves to their surroundings fairly slowly.  　4　 There is a variety of online materials you can find that will detail how you should care for the specific type of houseplant you own, including recommended humidity levels, sunlight exposure guidelines and watering guides. Most plants sold in mixed species baskets or pots need to be separated. They are grouped for appearance and not the requirements of the species.  Choose a plant that’s easy to care for. Certain tropical(热带的)plants require specific environments in order to survive, while other plants are easy to care for. For instance, the Chinese evergreen is commonly seen on public display. 　5　 This kind of plant drops its lower leaves over time but can easily be rooted in water.  A.It is a plant that grows easily in poor light. B.Pay attention to their surroundings. C.Sunshine is essential for their growth. D.We’re here to tell you that’s not the reality! E.Avoid putting the plants in direct and intense sunlight. F.Learn your plants’ classifications at length. G.This will prevent the plant from growing. 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　  Ⅲ.完形填空 When I was a boy growing up, I could not once ever remember either my mom or my grandmother wasting food. Anything we didn’t eat at one meal was 　1　, and served as leftovers later on. I can remember my grandmother making a huge pot of brown beans with a large cake of cornbread. We would all eat until we were 　2　 but there were always about half of the beans 　3　. A few days later Grandmother would take those 　4　 out of the refrigerator, boil pasta(意大利面食), add parsley(欧芹) and 　5　 them all together into a delicious meal. And I also remember that when I 　6　 my mom fry bacon for us in the morning, she would always take the butter and carefully pour it into a container. Then she would 　7　 it to flavour so many other dishes.  I learned their 　8　 well and after I grew up I tried to never waste food myself. I always 　9　 the week’s meals ahead of time and only bought what was on my shopping 　10　 so nothing went to waste. Every meal went into our stomachs and any leftovers were later eaten by either myself, my boys, or my dogs. To me throwing food into the trash can was just 　11　. I was convinced that all the work it took to grow it, harvest it, and prepare it needed to be 　12　 and not wasted.  I have learned something else over the years, however: When it comes to 　13　 there are no leftovers. Each moment that you don’t live is 　14　 forever. Life cannot be saved. Life cannot be 　15　. Life has to be lived, TODAY!  1.A.thrown　　B.estimated C.saved　　D.poured 2.A.uncomfortable　　B.full C.unbearable　　D.content 3.A.picked out　　B.left over C.made use of　　D.fed up with 4.A.cakes　　B.pots C.dishes　　D.beans 5.A.roll　　　B.dip　　　C.mix　　　D.fry 6.A.watched　　B.felt C.heard　　D.helped 7.A.swallow　　B.remove C.digest　　D.use 8.A.aspects　　B.experiments C.lessons　　D.procedures 9.A.planned　　B.cooked C.distributed　　D.collected 10.A.bill　　　B.list　　　C.bag　　　D.spot 11.A.wrong　　B.common C.awesome　　D.endless 12.A.confirmed　　B.ignored C.recycled　　D.honored 13.A.living　　B.thinking C.shopping　　D.ending 14.A.broken　　B.lost C.hidden　　D.occupied 15.A.replaced　　B.transformed C.stored　　D.defeated 答案 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.extension　考查名词。根据设空处前面的an和后面的of可知此处应填名词,故填extension。句意:如果你需要延长截止日期,只需要向教授解释一下情况。 2.devotion　考查名词。根据空前的介词after和形容词性物主代词her可知设空处需要使用devote的名词形式devotion,表示“投入,热爱”。 3.expansions　考查名词复数。根据空前的These以及谓语动词help的形式可知设空处应填复数名词,故填expansions。句意:这些向新世界的扩展通过给我们新的视角来帮助我们。 4.nutritional　考查形容词。根据空前的形容词性物主代词their和空后的名词value判断设空处应该填入形容词。故填nutritional,意为“营养的”。句意:研究表明,过度烹饪蔬菜会显著降低其营养价值。 5.leisurely　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,and连接形容词calm(平静的)与设空处,它们共同修饰后面的名词walk(散步),所以设空处应填形容词,leisure的形容词形式为leisurely,意为“不慌不忙的,慢悠悠的”。句意:为了帮助年轻的音乐家更好地理解如何演奏音乐,安德森可能会让他们想象一次平静悠闲的散步,或者一艘正在随着海浪颠簸的船。 Ⅱ.题型(一) 1.that　考查从属连词。本句中的It是形式主语,设空处在句中充当主语从句的引导词,分析从句的结构可知,从句中不缺少成分且语意完整,故用that引导主语从句。句意:众所周知,螺蛳粉已经成为那些热爱美食的人必尝的一道菜。 2.It　考查it作形式主语。该句可转换为:That a substance which is left in food can get into the human body while the person is eating may be possible.所以that引导的从句是句子真正的主语,空处应用it作形式主语,且位于句首,首字母应大写,故填It。句意:食物中残留的物质可能会在人进食时进入人体。 3.Whether　考查从属连词。whether...or...连接的成分作句子的主语,表示“是……还是……”,设空处是主语从句的引导词,且位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Whether。句意:这是一份真正的工作邀请还是一场引人注目的市场活动并不是很重要。 4.remains　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:他们什么时候到还不确定,但我们应该做好相应的准备。由语境可知设空处应用一般现在时。分析句子结构可知,but前面的分句为主系表结构,主语为When引导的从句,由从句来充当主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。故填remains。 5.Whoever　考查连接代词。分析句子结构可知,“　　　 tells the truth”是一个主语从句,设空处是该主语从句的引导词。设空处填入词在从句中作tells的主语,表示“……的人”,且设空处位于句首,首字母应大写,故填Whoever(=the person/people/any person who)。句意:说真话的人应该被相信,即使他们的话难以接受。  6.what　考查连接代词。本句中的It是形式主语,设空处在句中充当主语从句的引导词,分析从句的结构可知,设空处作holds的宾语,意为“……的东西/事情”,应填what。句意:对于即将毕业的学生来说,他们在就业机会方面将面临怎样的未来尚不清楚。 7.What　考查连接代词。分析句子结构可知,“　　　 excited me in particular”是一个主语从句,设空处是该主语从句的引导词,且在从句中充当主语,此处指“尤其令我兴奋的是”,由此可知应填What (注意单词位于句首,首字母大写)。句意:尤其令我兴奋的是吃到极诱人的被称为祝福的象征的月饼。   题型(二) 1.It is apparent/obvious that　2.When the meeting will be held　3.What we should do　4.What we should keep in mind　5.It is suggested that;should be put off　6.Why she didn’t take part in　7.It is a fact that 能力提升练 Ⅰ.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是研究表明,植物在受到缺水或者茎被割断的压力时,它们会发出超声波叫声,这开创了精准农业领域的一个新方向。 1.A　细节理解题。第二段提到特拉维夫大学的Itzhak Khait和其同事的实验表明番茄植株和烟草植株在受到缺水或茎被割断的压力时会发出叫声;第四段提到平均而言,遭受干旱的番茄植株每小时发出35次声音,而烟草植株则发出11次声音。当植物的茎被切断后,番茄植株在接下来的一个小时内平均发出25次声音,烟草植株则发出15次。因此,选项A“当受伤时,番茄植株比烟草植株更频繁地发出叫声”正确。 2.C　推理判断题。倒数第三段提到让农民能够听到缺水植物的叫声可能为精准农业领域开辟一个新方向,再根据倒数第二段可知,在田间环境建立录音设备的成本不太高的情况下,这个想法似乎是可行的,由此可推测,利用新的研究结果,农民可以更快地诊断植物是否缺水。故选C。 3.B　推理判断题。最后一段中提到Anne Visscher认为研究结果还不能推广到其他压力上,比如盐或温度,因为这些可能不会导致植物发出声音。此外,还没有实验表明蛾子或其他任何动物能否听到并对植物发出的声音做出反应,所以这个想法目前还只是基于猜测,由此可知,Anne Visscher对实验结果持谨慎(Cautious)态度。故选B。A.不赞成的;C.欣赏的;D.乐观的。 4.D　主旨大意题。 Para. 1 植物在感受到压力时,会发出超声级别的叫声 引出 该话题 Para. 2 研究人员发现,番茄植株和烟草植株在受到缺水或茎被割断的压力时会发出人类听不到的叫声 Para. 3 研究团队认为,昆虫和一些哺乳动物能在五米远的地方听到并回应植物发出的声音,植物也能感受到彼此缺水的状态并相应地做出回应 展开具 体说明 Para. 4 在受到缺水或茎被割断的压力时,番茄植株比烟草植株更频繁地发出叫声 Para. 5 根据声音的强度和频率,可以判断出植物受到的压力是来自干旱还是受伤 Para. 6 & Para. 7 让农民能够听到缺水植物的叫声可能为精准农业领域开辟一个新方向,并且在田间录音的成本不太高的情况下,该想法具有可行性 实际应用 Para. 8 该研究结果目前只是猜测,具有不准确性 对该研究的 附加说明 分析文章结构可知,文章围绕“番茄植株和烟草植株在受到缺水或茎被割断的压力时会发出叫声”展开,故D项“植物在压力下会发出尖叫声”适合作为文章标题。 Ⅱ.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何种植室内植物。 1.D　过渡句。前文提到,如果你曾经养过室内植物但它很快枯萎了,你可能会认为自己没有养植物的技能。D项“我们在这里要告诉你,事实并非如此!”则是对这种自我怀疑的直接反驳,并衔接后文的“The truth is...”,起到了承上启下的作用。故选D。 2.G　细节句。前文提到,土壤太干或浇水过多都会损害植物的根部。G项“这将阻止植物的生长。”是对前文提到的土壤状态对植物生长的影响的进一步说明。This指代前文内容,从“土壤太干或浇水过多会损害植物根部”到“这将阻止植物的生长”,G项促成了逻辑上的连贯。故选G。 3.E　细节句。设空处前文提到sunlight,由此可知本段与阳光有关。下文讲到,相反,给它们足够的间接光。E项“避免将植物放在直射或十分强烈的阳光下。”与下文合理衔接,并与本段所讲主题(阳光)有关,符合语境。故选E。 4.F　主旨句。设空处位于段首,为本段主旨句。后一句讲到,你可以在网上找到各种详细讲述如何照顾特定种类的室内植物的资料,包括推荐的湿度、阳光照射指南和浇水指南。结合该段最后一句“它们是根据外观而不是种类的要求进行分组的”可知,本段与种类有关,F项“详细了解你的植物的类别。”中的classifications切题。故选F。 5.A　细节句。前文提到,某些热带植物需要特定的环境才能生存,而其他植物则相对容易照顾,并举了常在公共场所展出的万年青的例子,说明这是容易照顾的植物。A项“它是一种容易在光照不足的条件下生长的植物。”符合语境。故选A。 Ⅲ.语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者从小受祖母和妈妈的熏陶,学会了保存和充分利用剩菜而不浪费。随着时间的推移,作者也学到了生活不能储存,要尽情去生活。 1.C　根据下文“and served as leftovers later on”可知,此处表示把剩菜“保存”起来。A.扔掉;B.估计;C.节省,保存;D.倾倒,倒出。故选C项。 2.B　根据“We would all eat”和“but there were always about half of the beans”可知,此处描述吃饭的情景,结合选项可知full符合语境,指一直吃到“饱”,但是还会有一半左右的豆子剩下。A.不舒服的;B.饱的;C.难以忍受的;D.满意的。故选B项。 3.B　根据but表示的转折意义并结合此处语境可知,此处指“但总有一半左右的豆子剩下”。A.精心挑选;B.剩下,残留;C.利用;D.对……厌倦。故选B项。 4.D　根据上文“Anything we didn’t eat at one meal was...and served as leftovers later on.”和“there were always about half of the beans”可知,吃饭剩下的东西后面会再吃,所以此处指从冰箱里拿出“豆子”。A.蛋糕;B.锅;C.菜肴;D.豆子。故选D项。 5.C　根据下文“all together into a delicious meal”可知,祖母把豆子、欧芹和意大利面食“混合”到一起,做成美味的一餐。A.滚动;B.浸,蘸;C.混合;D.油煎。故选C项。 6.A　根据下文“my mom fry bacon...pour it into a container”可知,这是描述妈妈做饭的动作,所以此处指“看”妈妈煎培根。故选A项。 7.D　根据“to flavour so many other dishes”可知,此处指“用”它给很多菜调味。A.吞咽;B.移开;C.消化;D.使用。故选D项。 8.C　根据下文“after I grew up I tried to never waste food myself”可知,作者长大后也不浪费食物,很好地学习了家人这种节约食物的“经验”。A.方面;B.实验;C.经验,教训;D.步骤。故选C项。 9.A　根据“ahead of time and only bought what...so nothing went to waste”可知,为了不浪费任何东西,作者会提前“计划”好一周的饮食。A.计划;B.煮,烹饪;C.分配;D.收集。故选A项。 10.B　结合语境可知,此处指“购物清单”。A.账单;B.清单;C.包,袋;D.地点。故选B项。 11.A　根据上文“Every meal went into our stomachs and any leftovers were later eaten by either myself, my boys, or my dogs.”可知,作者尽量不浪费食物,所以把食物扔进垃圾桶对作者来说是“不对的”。A.不对的;B.共同的,普遍的;C.令人惊叹的,很困难的;D.无止境的。故选A项。 12.D　根据设空处后的“not wasted”可知,种植、收获和准备食物都是辛苦劳动,不应该被糟蹋,结合语境可知所有的工作都应被“尊重”。A.证实;B.忽略;C.回收利用;D.尊重。故选D项。 13.A　根据下文“Life cannot be saved.”可知,生活无法被保存下来,所以此处是作者对“生活”的认识。A.生活;B.思考;C.购物;D.结束。故选A项。 14.B　根据下文“Life cannot be saved.”可知,生活无法被保存下来,所以你失去的每一刻都将永远“失去”。A.破损的;B.失去的;C.隐藏的;D.使用中的。故选B项。 15.C　根据下文“Life has to be lived, TODAY!”可知,此处和上文“Life cannot be saved.”同义,指生活无法“储存”,所以今天就去认真生活吧! A.替代;B.使转变;C.储存;D.击败。故选C项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $