内容正文:
Unit 5 Nature's Temper 语法专项过关
一、选词填空
用 when 或 while 填空
1.What were you doing it started to snow heavily?
2.What was your family doing the typhoon hit?
3. my neighbour called, my family were having dinner.
4.We were driving home the strong winds started.
5. we were driving home, the strong winds suddenly started.
6.It rained hard we were driving back.
7. they were waiting, Jenny’s little sister started to cry.
8. they stepped outside, they found the sun shining.
用 should 或 shouldn’t 填空
9.You brush your teeth twice a day to keep them healthy.
10.He has a sore throat. He eat spicy food.
11.We help our parents with housework at home.
12.She watch too much TV. It’s bad for her eyes.
13.If you are lost, you ask the police for help.
14.They arrive at the station on time, or they will miss the train.
15.You talk loudly in the hospital. People need a quiet place.
16.We plant more trees to make our city more beautiful.
17.He is very tired. He go to bed early tonight.
18.Students copy others’ homework. They should do it by themselves.
二、单项选择
19.When I saw Jim yesterday, he ________ a paper horse for the new year.
A.cut B.was cutting C.will cut
20.When the storm began yesterday evening, I ________ dinner with my family.
A.have B.had C.was having D.am having
21.My parents ________ breakfast when I was brushing my teeth.
A.are preparing B.were preparing C.prepared D.prepare
22.While I _______ my homework, my mother was cooking dinner.
A.do B.did C.was doing D.am doing
23.When the teacher came into the classroom, the students _______ loudly.
A.were talking B.are talking
C.talk D.talked
24.Peter took a photo of his friends while they ________ computer games.
A.were playing B.are playing C.play
25.________ I was walking down the street, I saw a car accident.
A.When B.While C.After D.Before
26.—Did you hear the loud sound?
—Yes. I ________ TV when it happened.
A.watch B.watched C.was watching D.watches
27.While my mother ________ dinner in the kitchen, the telephone rang.
A.cooks B.cooked C.is cooking D.was cooking
28.The boy ________ the mountains when he saw a huge eagle.
A.climbs B.climbed C.was climbing D.is climbing
29.My mother was reading a newspaper ________ my father came back home.
A.while B.before C.when D.since
30.When the crash happened, both satellites ________ very fast.
A.travel B.travelled C.were travelling D.are travelling
31.We were having a party ________ the light went out.
A.when B.while C.because D.if
32.When I got home, my mother ________ dinner.
A.cooks B.is cooking C.was cooking D.cooked
33.My mother ________ dinner when I got home.
A.cooks B.cooked C.is cooking D.was cooking
34.—What was your mum doing when you came back last night?
—_________
A.I went to the cinema.
B.She was talking on the phone.
C.He is cooking.
35.The rainstorm came while Ann ________ her purse in the classroom.
A.was looking for B.looked for C.is looking for D.looks for
36.—What’s the matter with Sam?
—He hurt his leg while he ________ football.
A.was playing B.is playing C.played
37.They ________ through the countryside when their car suddenly broke down.
A.drive B.are driving C.were driving D.will drive
38.While we ________ for the bus, it suddenly began to snow.
A.waited B.were waiting C.wait D.are waiting
39.I ________ my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening.
A.do B.did C.was doing D.am doing
40.My father ________ TV when he ________ a loud noise from the garden yesterday evening.
A.watched; heard B.was watching; heard
C.watched; was hearing D.was watching; was hearing
41.—What ________ you ________ at 8 o’clock last night when the sports match started?
—I ________ my homework and then watched it with my family.
A.did; do; finished B.were; doing; had finished
C.are; doing; finish D.were; doing; was finishing
42.—What were your parents doing ________ you left home this morning?
—My mother was sweeping the floor ________ my father was doing the dishes.
A.while; when B.when; while C.when; since D.while; while
43.When the rainstorm started, we ________ TV in the living room.
A.watch B.watched C.were watching D.have watched
44.I was reading a book __________ my mother came into the room.
A.while B.when C.because D.since
45.________ I was doing my homework, my mother was cooking.
A.When B.While C.After
46.My mother ________ dinner when I got home yesterday.
A.cooks B.cooked C.is cooking D.was cooking
47.—________ you staying at home when the tsunami came?
—No, I ________. I was training with my friends in a gym.
A.Are; am not B.Were; am not C.Were; wasn’t D.Did; didn’t
48.While I _______ dinner last night, my friend _______ me a message.
A.cooked; sent B.was cooking; sent
C.cook; was sending D.am cooking; sends
49.You _________ stay up late. It’s bad for your health.
A.should B.shouldn’t C.can
50.This kind of book ________ be read by children under 12. It’s too scary.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
51.—Could you please help me make my bed?
—I’m afraid I ________. You ________ do it on your own.
A.could; may B.couldn’t; should
C.can’t; should D.can’t; may
52.You ________ take an umbrella with you. The sky is cloudy, and it might rain this afternoon.
A.mustn’t B.should C.can’t D.needn’t
53.—I have a headache.
—You ________ go to see a doctor at once.
A.should B.don’t have to C.can D.needn’t
54.“You should protect the karez system.” 中的 “should” 表示:________
A.建议 B.能力 C.可能 D.过去
55.The meeting is very important. All team members ________ arrive on time.
A.should B.don’t have to C.can D.might
56.Our teacher told us that we ______ stay away from tall trees during a lightning storm.
A.should B.may C.can D.might
57.—I’m not feeling well, Dr. Green. My stomach aches a lot.
—You ________ take some medicine and lie down for a rest.
A.should B.can C.shouldn’t
58.— ______ we go hiking tomorrow? The weather report says it might rain.
—Let’s stay at home and watch a movie instead.
A.Must B.Should C.Need D.Can
59.You ________ ask for permission before taking photos of local people in some places.
A.can B.should C.may D.will
60.They are late for class. They ________ get up earlier tomorrow.
A.should B.shouldn’t C.can D.may
61.—Should we clean the classroom now?
—No, we ________. We can do it after school.
A.should B.shouldn’t C.can D.can’t
62.My sister is stressed out. She ________ listen to some light music to relax.
A.should B.shouldn’t C.must D.mustn’t
63.If you want to improve your English, you ________ practice speaking every day.
A.should B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.mustn’t
64.—________ I take some medicine for the headache? —Yes, you should.
A.Can B.Must C.Should D.May
65.She has a cold. She ________ drink more hot water and have a good rest.
A.shouldn’t B.should C.can D.may
66.—I have a toothache. What should I do? —You ________ eat too much candy.
A.should B.needn’t C.shouldn’t D.must
67.You ________ wash your hands before meals. It’s a good habit.
A.should B.shouldn’t C.can D.can’t
68.Teenagers ________ learn to manage their time well.
A.can B.should C.may D.would
69.You ________ eat too much junk food. It’s bad for your health.
A.should B.shouldn’t C.needn’t
70.You ________ lie; it’s not good for you.
A.needn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.mustn’t
71.“A blood donor should weigh at least 50 kg.”中的“should”表示:________。
A.能力 B.建议/应该 C.可能 D.必须
72.Shh...! This is a library. You ________ keep your voice down.
A.can B.can’t C.should
73.We ________ give up when facing difficulties.
A.should B.shouldn’t C.must D.need
74.You ________ learn to solve your growing problems.
A.should B.may C.can D.would
75.You ________ be kind to your friends if you want to keep your friendship.
A.should B.can C.may D.need
76.As students, we ________ finish our homework on time every day.
A.could B.should C.shouldn’t D.couldn’t
77.—Oh, the toothache is killing me.
— You ________ go to see the dentist as soon as possible.
A.should B.might C.will D.would
78.—Seeing is not always believing. We ________ not judge anyone or anything if we don’t know the full story.
—I can’t agree more.
A.may B.might C.should D.need
三、语法选择
阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从A、B、C中选出最佳选项。
Health is important for everyone. Last Monday, I 79 a health class at school. Our teacher told us 80 to keep healthy.
81 I was listening carefully, I took a lot of notes. My friend 82 a question. She asked the teacher about eating habits.
The teacher said, “You should eat 83 apple every day. It is good for 84 bodies.”
He also told us that doing sports can make us 85 and strong. We should exercise 86 30 minutes every day.
Don’t stay up late. 87 you are tired, you need to have enough sleep.
If we follow these rules, we 88 live a healthy and happy life.
79.A.have B.had C.am having
80.A.how B.what C.where
81.A.While B.But C.So
82.A.ask B.asks C.asked
83.A.a B.an C.the
84.A.we B.our C.us
85.A.healthy B.health C.healthier
86.A.for B.at C.on
87.A.When B.Because C.Though
88.A.can B.must C.should
Last week, a strong typhoon hit our town. Our family made preparations before it arrived.
My father 89 the windows with boards, and my mother stored food and water. I helped move our things off the floor. 90 we were doing that, the wind started to blow strongly.
At around 8:00 p.m., the typhoon landed on the coast. I 91 in my room when I suddenly heard a loud noise outside. The power went out, and everything was dark.
My little sister was scared and started to cry. My mother gave her a hug and told her a story to make her feel 92 .
The rain was 93 heavily against the windows all night. We could hear trees falling outside. It was really scary.
94 the typhoon passed, we went outside to check the damage. Some trees were broken, but our house was safe. We were very lucky.
I learned that it is important to make good 95 for a natural disaster. Also, we should stay calm and help 96 during difficult times.
My friend Lisa was not so lucky. Her family 97 driving home when the strong winds started. They almost got into an accident.
Now, whenever a typhoon comes, we know what to do. Trying 98 can help us stay safe.
89.A.cover B.covered C.covers D.covering
90.A.When B.After C.While D.Before
91.A.read B.reads C.was reading D.am reading
92.A.better B.worse C.angrier D.sadder
93.A.beat B.beats C.beating D.beated
94.A.Before B.While C.After D.As long as
95.A.preparation B.preparations C.prepare D.preparing
96.A.one another B.each other C.both A and B D.together
97.A.is B.were C.was D.are
98.A.new something B.something new C.new anything D.anything new
Nature’s temper is always unpredictable. Sometimes it’s gentle, but sometimes it’s very terrible. Natural disasters can happen at any time, so we need to learn how to protect ourselves.
Last Friday, a sudden thunderstorm came to our city. The sky turned dark quickly, and the strong wind 99 hard. Many trees 100 on the street, and some cars were hit by them. The rain beat heavily against the windows. Many people 101 the rain and had to stay in the nearest shops to wait for it to stop.
A little girl was lost in the storm and she was very 102 . A kind woman found her and tried to 103 her down. She took care of the girl and 104 her parents. 105 the help of the police, the girl met her parents 106 . The parents were very thankful to the woman and the police.
This storm told us that natural disasters are dangerous. We should learn more about self-protection skills. When a disaster happens, we must 107 calm and act quickly. We should also help each other 108 people in trouble.
99.A.blow B.blew C.blows D.blowing
100.A.fell down B.fell off C.fell over D.fell behind
101.A.caught in B.were caught in C.catch in D.are caught in
102.A.scare B.scared C.scaring D.scares
103.A.calm B.calming C.calmed D.calms
104.A.look for B.looked for C.find D.found
105.A.With B.In C.On D.At
106.A.in time B.on time C.at time D.for time
107.A.keep B.keeps C.kept D.keeping
108.A.help B.helping C.to help D.helped
Natural disasters are unpredictable and can bring great damage to human beings. However, with proper preparation and scientific knowledge, we can minimize the risks and protect ourselves better.
First, it’s necessary to learn about different types of natural disasters. We should know their characteristics, warning signs, and 109 measures. For example, before a typhoon comes, we need to close windows, store enough food and water, and 110 from low-lying areas. Knowing these basic facts can help us stay calm when disasters happen.
Second, paying attention to weather forecasts and early warnings is crucial. Meteorological departments use advanced equipment to monitor weather changes and 111 warnings in time. We should check the forecasts regularly, especially during seasons when natural disasters are 112 , such as summer and autumn for typhoons.
Third, having an emergency plan is essential for families. Every family should discuss and make a plan that includes meeting places, emergency contacts, and necessary supplies. It’s also important to practice the plan 113 so that everyone knows what to do in an emergency.
Fourth, helping each other during and after disasters can make a big difference. When a natural disaster strikes, people in the affected areas need support. We can donate money, food, or clothing, or volunteer to help with rescue and reconstruction work. This not only helps those in need but also 114 the spirit of unity.
However, even with all these preparations, we may still face unexpected situations. That’s why it’s important to stay 115 and follow the instructions of rescuers. Panic can only make things worse. We should believe that with the efforts of the government, scientists, and the whole society, we can overcome any natural disaster.
In fact, facing natural disasters is also a way to test human beings’ courage and wisdom. By learning from each disaster, we can improve our prevention and response capabilities. 116 we keep improving our knowledge and skills, we will be more confident in dealing with future natural disasters.
Remember, nature is powerful, but human beings are 117 . As long as we respect nature, protect the environment, and prepare well, we can live in harmony with nature and reduce the damage caused by 118 temper.
109.A.protect B.protective C.protection D.protected
110.A.stay away B.stay up C.stay on D.stay in
111.A.send out B.take out C.put out D.look out
112.A.common B.commonly C.unusual D.unusually
113.A.regular B.regularly C.irregular D.irregularly
114.A.strengthen B.strengthens C.strengthened D.strengthening
115.A.calm B.calmly C.nervous D.nervously
116.A.If B.Unless C.Though D.Because
117.A.power B.powerful C.powerless D.powerfully
118.A.nature B.natures C.nature’s D.natural
四、书面表达
119.某英文报举办“自然灾害与人类”主题征文活动。请你根据下面的提示,以“Natural disasters and us”为题,写一篇不少于60词的短文。
过去
1.对自然灾害了解甚少
2.灾害造成大量人员伤亡和财产损失
3.灾后恢复重建很困难
现在
1.监测:建立先进的预警系统
2.预防:学校开展防灾演练,教学生如何保护自己
3.救援:救援队伍能更快到达灾区
将来
请你展望未来的灾害应对
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参考答案
题号
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
答案
B
C
B
C
A
A
B
C
D
C
题号
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
答案
C
C
A
C
D
B
A
A
C
B
题号
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
答案
C
B
B
B
C
B
B
D
C
B
题号
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
答案
B
C
C
B
A
A
A
A
A
B
题号
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
答案
B
A
B
A
A
C
B
C
A
B
题号
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
答案
B
B
B
C
B
A
A
B
A
C
题号
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
答案
B
A
A
C
B
B
A
A
A
A
题号
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
答案
B
C
C
A
C
C
B
C
B
B
题号
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
答案
B
A
B
B
A
B
A
A
A
C
题号
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
答案
B
A
A
A
B
B
A
A
B
C
1.when 2.when 3.When 4.when 5.While 6.while 7.While 8.When
【解析】1.句意:刚开始下大雪的时候,你正在做什么?从句中started是瞬间动作,应用when引导从句。
2.句意:台风来袭时,你的家人正在做什么?从句中hit是瞬间动作,应用when引导从句。
3.句意:当我邻居打电话来时,我的家人正在吃晚饭。主句中having dinner是延续性动作,从句中called是瞬间动作,应用when引导从句,句首单词首字母需大写。
4.句意:我们正在开车回家,突然强风开始刮起来。主句中driving是延续性动作,从句中started是瞬间动作,应用when引导从句。
5.句意:当我们正开车回家的时候,强风突然开始刮起来了。主句中started是瞬间动作,从句中driving是延续性动作,从句作为背景动作,应用while引导从句,句首单词首字母需大写。
6.句意:我们开车返回的时候,雨下得很大。主句中rained和从句中driving都是延续性动作,应用while引导从句。
7.句意:当他们正在等待的时候,珍妮的小妹妹开始哭了。主句中started是瞬间动作,从句中waiting是延续性动作,从句作为背景动作,应用while引导从句,句首单词首字母需大写。
8.句意:当他们走出去的时候,发现阳光明媚。主句中found和从句中stepped都是瞬间动作,应用when引导从句,句首单词首字母需大写。
9.should 10.shouldn’t 11.should 12.shouldn’t 13.should 14.should 15.shouldn’t 16.should 17.should 18.shouldn’t
【解析】9.句意:你应该每天刷两次牙,以保持牙齿健康。“You…brush your teeth”指“你应该刷牙”,刷牙是保护牙齿健康的正确方法,应填should。
10.句意:他嗓子痛。他不应该吃辣的食物。“He…eat spicy food”表示“不应该吃辣的食物”,嗓子痛时吃辣会加重症状,需用shouldn’t。
11.句意:我们应该在家里帮父母做家务。“We…help our parents with housework”指“我们应该帮父母做家务”,帮助父母是责任/正确行为,应填should。
12.句意:她不应该看太多电视。对眼睛不好。“She…watch too much TV”指“不应该看太多电视”,后文明确说明对眼睛不好,应填shouldn’t。
13.句意:如果你迷路了,你应该向警察求助。“you…ask the police for help”指“你应该向警察求助”。迷路时向警察求助是正确方法,用should。
14.句意:他们应该准时到达车站,否则会错过火车。“They…arrive at the station on time”表示“他们应该准时到达车站”,否则会误车,应填should。
15.句意:你不应该在医院大声说话。人们需要一个安静的环境。“You…talk loudly in the hospital”表示“你不应该在医院大声说话”,医院需要安静,应填shouldn’t。
16.句意:我们应该种更多树,让我们的城市更美丽。“We…plant more trees”表示“我们应该种更多树”,种树对城市环境有益,用should。
17.句意:他很累了。他今晚应该早点睡觉。“He…go to bed early”表示“他应该早点睡觉”,累了就应该早睡,用should。
18.句意:学生不应该抄别人的作业。他们应该自己完成。“Students…copy others’ homework”表示“学生不应该抄别人的作业”,抄袭别人的作业是错误的,且后文强调自己做,应填shouldn’t。
19.B
【详解】句意:昨天我见到吉姆时,他正在为新年剪一匹纸马。
根据“When I saw Jim yesterday”可知,此处表示过去某个时间点正在做的事情,用过去进行时was/were doing。
20.C
【详解】句意:昨天晚上暴风雨开始的时候,我正在和家人吃晚饭。
have动词原形,一般现在时;had过去式,一般过去时;was having过去进行时;am having现在进行时。根据“ When the storm began yesterday evening”可知此句是when引导的时间状语从句,表达从句动作发生时 (昨天晚上暴风雨开始),主句的动作 (我吃晚餐) 正在进行,可知主句时态是过去进行时。故选C。
21.B
【详解】句意:当我正在刷牙的时候,我的父母正在准备早餐。
根据时间状语从句可知,动作发生在过去且正在进行。主句表示在同一过去时刻正在发生的动作,应用过去进行时。主语是复数,be动词用were。故选B。
22.C
【详解】句意:当我在做作业时,我妈妈正在做晚饭。
主语“my mother was cooking dinner.”提示,主句使用了过去进行时,while引导的时间状语从句表示两个动作在过去同时持续进行,因此从句也应用过去进行时。应选was doing。
23.A
【详解】句意:当老师走进教室时,学生们正在大声说话。
were talking正在说话,过去进行时;are talking正在说话,现在进行时;talk 说话;交谈,一般现在时;talked说话,一般过去时。前半句“When the teacher came into the classroom”中的came为过去式,此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时。
24.A
【详解】句意:彼得给他的朋友们拍了一张照片,当时他们正在玩电脑游戏。
根据主句谓语动词“took”可知动作发生在过去;while引导的时间状语从句强调动作正在进行,因此从句应用过去进行时(was/were + doing)。
25.B
【详解】句意:当我正在街上步行的时候,我看到了一起车祸。
When当……时候;While当……时候;After在……之后;Before在……之前。根据从句“I was walking down the street”可知,从句时态是过去进行时,表示持续进行的动作,while引导时间状语从句时常与进行时连用,强调主句动作发生在从句动作进行的过程中。应填入While。
26.C
【详解】句意:——你听到那个巨大的声音了吗?——是的。当它发生时我正在看电视。
根据“when it happened”可知,当巨大的声音发生时,“看电视”这个动作正在进行,应用过去进行时(was/were + doing)。
27.D
【详解】句意:当我妈妈正在厨房做饭时,电话响了。
while引导的时间状语从句表示持续性的动作,结合主句the telephone rang是一般过去时,可知从句表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时“was/were doing”的结构,主语为my mother,be动词用was,所以选was cooking。
28.C
【详解】句意:当那个男孩看见一只巨大的鹰时,他正在爬山。
when引导的时间状语从句使用了一般过去时,表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作被另一个动作打断,爬山是过去那一刻正在进行的延续性动作,因此要用过去进行时was climbing。
29.C
【详解】句意:我妈妈正在看报纸的时候,我爸爸回到了家。
while当……时,通常引导持续性的动作或状态;before在……之前;when当……时,既可以引导持续性的动作或状态,也可以引导短暂性的动作;since自从。根据“My mother was reading a newspaper…my father came back home.”可知,此处表示“当……时”,且“came back home”是短暂性动作,用when引导时间状语从句。应填when。
30.C
【详解】句意:当碰撞发生时,两颗卫星都在快速飞行。
根据时间状语从句“When the crash happened”可知,主句动作发生在过去的某一特定时刻,强调当时正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时“was/were+现在分词”。主语“both satellites”是复数,be动词用were。
31.A
【详解】句意:我们正在开派对,这时灯灭了。
when当……时候;while当……时候;because 因为;if 如果。固定句型“be doing sth. when...”表示“正在做某事,这时突然……”。前半句是过去进行时,后半句是一般过去时,表示一个动作正在进行时另一个动作突然发生,应用when。
32.C
【详解】句意:当我到家时,我妈妈正在做晚饭。
cooks做饭,第三人称单数形式;is cooking正在做饭,现在进行时;was cooking正在做饭,过去进行时;cooked做饭,一般过去时。前半句时间状语从句中“got home”表示句子是一般过去时,强调的是我到家的时候,妈妈正在做饭,应该是过去进行时。故选C。
33.D
【详解】句意:当我到家的时候,我妈妈正在做晚饭。
根据时间状语从句“when I got home”可知,从句是一般过去时,表示过去某个具体的时间点。主句表示在过去那个时间点正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时,结构为was/were+doing。主语“My mother”是第三人称单数,be动词用was。应填入was cooking。
34.B
【详解】句意:——昨晚你回来的时候你妈妈正在做什么?——她正在打电话。
A. 我去了电影院;B. 她正在打电话;C. 他正在做饭。问句主语是“your mum”,答语主语应用“She”,且问句是过去进行时,答语时态需一致,B选项符合要求。
35.A
【详解】句意:暴雨来临时,安正在教室里找她的钱包。
主句“The rainstorm came”是一般过去时,while引导时间状语从句时,强调主句动作(暴风雨到来)发生的时刻,从句动作(找钱包)正在进行,因此从句需要用过去进行时,结构为was/were + 动词现在分词,主语Ann是第三人称单数,对应be动词用was。
36.A
【详解】句意:——萨姆怎么了?——他正在踢足球时伤了他的腿。
根据主句“He hurt his leg”可知动作发生在过去,while 引导的时间状语从句强调动作正在进行,应用过去进行时was/were doing结构;主语是he,应填was playing。
37.C
【详解】句意:当他们的车突然抛锚时,他们正开车穿过乡村。
根据从句“when their car suddenly broke down”可知,“抛锚”是过去发生的动作,主句动作是在此时正在进行的背景动作,因此需用过去进行时。应填were driving。
38.B
【详解】句意:当我们正在等公交车的时候,突然开始下雪了。
while引导的时间状语从句表示持续的动作,谓语动词常用进行时态。根据主句“began”可知句子时态为一般过去时,因此从句应用过去进行时,表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。应填were waiting。
39.C
【详解】句意:昨天傍晚妈妈回到家时,我正在做作业。
根据时间状语从句“when my mother came back home yesterday evening.”可知,从句动作发生在过去,主句强调当时正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时,结构为:was/were + 现在分词。主语是I,be动词用was。
40.B
【详解】句意:昨晚我父亲正在看电视时,突然听到花园里传来一声巨响。
“when”引导的时间状语从句中,主句表示过去正在进行的动作(看电视),用过去进行时“was watching”;从句表示过去发生的短暂动作(听到声音),用一般过去时“heard”。
41.B
【详解】句意:——昨晚体育比赛开始时,你在8点钟正在做什么?——我已经完成了作业,然后和家人一起观看了比赛。
第一空询问过去某一具体时间点正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时“were; doing”;第二空表示“完成作业”发生在“观看比赛”之前,而观看比赛是过去发生的,因此完成作业是“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时“had finished”。
42.B
【详解】句意:——今天早上你离开家的时候,你的父母正在做什么?——我妈妈正在扫地,而我爸爸正在洗碗。
when和while都有“当……时候”的意思,when引导的从句谓语动词可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词,while引导的从句谓语动词必须是延续性动词,且强调主从句两个动作同时发生;since表示“自从……以来”。根据语境可知,第一个空,表示“当……时候”,且从句中的left为非延续性动词,因此用when引导;第二个空,表示两个动作同时发生,且从句中的“was doing the dishes.”为延续性动词,因此用while引导。所以应填when;while。
43.C
【详解】句意:当暴风雨开始时,我们正在客厅看电视。
“When the rainstorm started”表示过去某个时间点,强调那一刻正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时were watching。
44.B
【详解】句意:当我的妈妈走进房间时,我正在读书。
while 当……时候;when 当……时候;because 因为;since 自从。根据主句是过去进行时,从句是一般过去时,可知表示正在做某事这时另一件事发生了,常用 be doing... when... 结构,while 引导的从句通常用进行时。
45.B
【详解】句意:我在写作业的时候,妈妈正在做饭。
when当……时候;while当……时候,通常用延续性动词;after在……之后;根据“I was doing my homework, my mother was cooking”可知,在表示两件事情同时进行时,常用while引导从句。
46.D
【详解】句意:昨天我到家的时候,我妈妈正在做晚饭。
根据“when I got home yesterday”可知,此处描述的是过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,即“我到家的时候,妈妈正在做晚饭”,所以应该使用过去进行时,其结构是“was/were doing”,主语“My mother”是第三人称单数,be动词用was。应填was cooking。
47.C
【详解】句意:——海啸来的时候你待在家里吗?——不,我没有。我当时正在健身房和朋友训练。
“when the tsunami came”和“I was training with my friends in a gym.”提示时态为过去进行时。问句主语you搭配Were;答句主语I搭配was,否定形式为 wasn’t。
48.B
【详解】句意:昨晚当我正在做晚饭的时候,我的朋友给我发了一条信息。
根据“While”以及“last night”可知,第一空表示过去某个时刻正在做某事,用过去进行时was cooking;第二空表示过去发生的动作,用一般过去时sent。
49.B
【详解】句意:你不应该熬夜。这对你的健康有害。
should应该;shouldn’t不应该;can能。根据后句“It’s bad for your health.”可知熬夜对健康有害,因此建议不应该熬夜,应选shouldn’t。
50.C
【详解】句意:这种书不应该被12岁以下的儿童阅读。它太吓人了。
can’t不能;mustn’t禁止;shouldn’t不应该;needn’t不必。根据“It’s too scary.”可知,书的内容太吓人,不适合儿童阅读,此处表示建议或劝告,应用shouldn’t。
51.C
【详解】句意:——你能帮我整理床铺吗?——恐怕我不能。你应该自己做。
could用于委婉请求;can’t不能;couldn’t不能;should应该;may可以/可能。第一空“Could you please...?”是委婉请求,否定回答常用can’t;第二空是建议对方“应该自己做”,用should。故选C。
52.B
【详解】句意:你应该随身带把伞。天空多云,今天下午可能会下雨。
mustn’t禁止;should应该;can’t不能;不会;needn’t不必。根据“The sky is cloudy, and it might rain this afternoon.”可知,可能会下雨,因此建议带伞。should表示建议,意为“应该”。
53.A
【详解】句意:——我头痛。——你应该立刻去看医生。
should应该;don’t have to不必;can能;needn’t不必。根据“I have a headache.”可知,身体不舒服,对方建议立刻去看医生,表示建议应该用should。
54.A
【详解】句意:你应该保护坎儿井系统。
should 意为“应该”,常用于提出建议或劝告。根据句意可知,此处是在建议对方保护坎儿井系统,符合“建议”的用法,而非表示能力、可能或过去。
55.A
【详解】句意:这个会议非常重要。所有团队成员应该准时到达。
should应该;don’t have to不必;can能;might可能。根据“The meeting is very important.”可知会议很重要,因此团队成员准时到达是必要的,表示建议或义务,should符合语境。
56.A
【详解】句意:我们的老师告诉我们在雷暴天气期间我们应该远离高大的树木。
should应该;may可以,可能;can能;可以;might可能。根据“Our teacher told us that…”可知,此处是老师给出安全建议的场景,should表示建议或要求某人应该做某事,故填should。
57.A
【详解】句意:——我感觉不舒服,格林医生。我胃疼得厉害。——你应该吃点药,躺下休息一下。
should应该;can能;shouldn’t不应该。根据语境可知,医生针对病人的不适提出建议,表示“应该”吃药休息,应填should。
58.B
【详解】句意:——我们明天应该去徒步旅行吗?天气预报说明天可能会下雨。——我们待在家里看电影吧。
Must必须;Should应该;Need需要;Can能。根据“The weather report says it might rain”以及“Let’s stay at home and watch a movie instead”可知,此处是询问是否应该去徒步旅行,应填Should。
59.B
【详解】句意:在某些地方,你给当地人拍照之前应该寻求许可。
can可以;should应该;may可能;will将要。根据“before taking photos of local people in some places”可知,此处表示出于礼貌或规定,建议或义务上应该寻求许可,should符合语境。
60.A
【详解】句意:他们上课迟到了。他们明天应该早点起床。
should应该;shouldn’t不应该;can能;may可能。根据“They are late for class.”可知迟到了,所以明天应该早点起床。应填should。
61.B
【详解】句意:——我们现在应该打扫教室吗?——不,我们不应该。我们可以放学后做。
should应该;shouldn’t不应该;can能;can’t不能。根据问句“Should we...”可知,是由should引导的一般疑问句,此处是否定回答,保持情态动词一致,使用should的否定形式shouldn’t。
62.A
【详解】句意:我姐姐压力很大。她应该听一些轻音乐来放松。
should应该;shouldn’t不应该;must必须;mustn’t禁止。根据“My sister is stressed out.”可知姐姐压力大,结合“to relax”可知此处是给予建议,表示“应该”做某事来放松,符合语境。
63.A
【详解】句意:如果你想提高你的英语水平,你应该每天练习口语。
should应该;shouldn’t不应该;can’t不能;mustn’t不必。根据“If you want to improve your English”可知,为了提高英语,此处是给出建议,表示“应该”每天练习。
64.C
【详解】句意:——我应该吃点药治头痛吗?——是的,你应该。
Can能;Must必须;Should应该;May可能。根据答语“Yes, you should.”可知,问句是征求建议,且答语中使用了“should”,问句也应用Should引导以保持一致。应填Should。
65.B
【详解】句意:她感冒了。她应该多喝热水并好好休息。
shouldn’t不应该;should应该;can能;may可能。根据“She has a cold.”可知,她生病了,此处是给出建议,生病时“应该”多喝水并休息,应填should。
66.C
【详解】句意:——我牙疼。我该做什么?——你不应该吃太多糖果。
should应该;needn’t不必;shouldn’t不应该;must必须。根据“I have a toothache”可知,牙疼时吃太多糖果对牙齿有害,因此给出建议不应该吃,应选shouldn’t。
67.A
【详解】句意:你应该在饭前洗手。这是一个好习惯。
should应该;shouldn’t不应该;can能;can’t不能。根据“It’s a good habit.”可知,此处表示建议,饭前洗手是好习惯,所以应该这样做。应选should。
68.B
【详解】句意:青少年应该学会好好地管理他们的时间。
can能够;should应该;may可能;would将要,愿意。根据语境,此处是对青少年提出的建议,表示“应该”学会管理时间。
69.B
【详解】句意:你不应该吃太多垃圾食品。这对你的健康有害。
should应该;shouldn’t不应该;needn’t不必。根据“It’s bad for your health”可知,吃太多垃圾食品对健康有害,因此不应该吃太多。应填shouldn’t。
70.B
【详解】句意:你不应该撒谎;这对你不好。
needn’t不必;shouldn’t不应该;can’t不能;mustn’t禁止。根据后半句“it’s not good for you”可知,撒谎对你不好,这是给予建议,表示“不应该”做某事。
71.B
【详解】句意:献血者体重应该至少 50 公斤。
should意为“应该”,常表示建议、义务或规定。A项表示能力,通常对应can;C项表示可能,通常对应may或might;D项表示必须,通常对应must。根据should的基本含义及语境,此处表示对体重的要求,意为“应该”。
72.C
【详解】句意:嘘……!这里是图书馆。你应该小声点。
can能;can’t不能;should应该。根据“This is a library.”可知,图书馆是公共场所,应该小声点,此处表示建议,应填should。
73.B
【详解】句意:当面临困难时我们不应该放弃。
should应该;shouldn’t不应该;must必须;need需要。根据“give up when facing difficulties”可知,面临困难时不应该放弃,应填shouldn’t。
74.A
【详解】句意:你应该学会解决你成长中的问题。
should应该;may可能;can能;would将要。根据句意可知,此处是给予建议,表示“应该”学会解决问题。应填should。
75.A
【详解】句意:如果你想保持友谊,你应该对你的朋友友善。
should应该;can能够;may可以;need需要。根据从句“if you want to keep your friendship”设定的语境可知,前半句是给出的合理建议,表示“应该”做某事,应选用should。need作情态动词时多用于否定句或疑问句,作实义动词时后需接to be,此处空后直接跟了动词原形be,故不符。
76.B
【详解】句意:作为学生,我们每天应该按时完成作业。
could能,可以;should应该;shouldn’t不应该;couldn’t不能,不可以。根据“As students”以及“finish our homework on time every day”可知,作为学生按时完成作业是应该做的事情,应填should。
77.A
【详解】句意:——哦,牙疼得要命。——你应该尽快去看牙医。
should应该;might可能;will将会;would将会。根据前句“the toothache is killing me”可知,对方牙疼严重,此处是给出建议,强调应该尽快看牙医。
78.C
【详解】句意:——眼见不一定为实。如果我们不知道事情的全貌,我们就不应该评判任何人或任何事。——我完全同意。
may可能;might可能(may的过去式,也可用于表示更委婉的语气);should应该;need需要。根据“Seeing is not always believing.”以及“if we don’t know the full story”可知,在不知道事情全貌的情况下,从逻辑和道理上来说“不应该”评判任何人或任何事,should符合语境。
79.B 80.A 81.A 82.C 83.B 84.B 85.A 86.A 87.A 88.A
【导语】本文介绍了保持健康的多种方法,包括健康饮食、坚持运动、不熬夜以及保证充足睡眠。
79.句意:上周一,我在学校上了一节健康课。
时间状语“Last Monday”表示过去发生的动作,动词应用过去式 had。
80.句意:老师告诉我们如何保持健康。
根据“told us + 疑问词 + to do”结构,how表示“如何”,符合“保持健康”的方式。what to keep healthy搭配错误;where侧重地点,与语境无关。
81.句意:当我认真听讲时,我记了很多笔记。
前后两个动作同时发生,用While引导时间状语从句。But表转折、So表结果,均不体现“听讲”与“记笔记”的时间伴随关系。
82.句意:我的朋友问了一个问题。
上文took和下文asked均为过去时,此处应用过去式asked。
83.句意:你应该每天吃一个苹果。
apple以元音音素开头,且为泛指,用不定冠词an。
84.句意:它对我们的身体有好处。
空后bodies为名词,需用形容词性物主代词 our 修饰。we为主格,us为宾格,均不能直接修饰名词。
85.句意:他也告诉我们做运动能让我们健康强壮。
make sb + 形容词,healthy为形容词“健康的”,形容词作宾语补足语。health名词;healthier是比较级,而此处与strong并列且无比较含义,用原级。
86.句意:我们应该每天锻炼30分钟。
表示“持续一段时间”用介词 for。at接具体时间点;on接具体日期,均不表示时间段。
87.句意:当你累了,你需要足够的睡眠。
When引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时”。Because表因果、Though表让步,逻辑不符。
88.句意:如果我们遵守这些规则,我们就能过上健康快乐的生活。
本句表客观结果与能力,can“能够”,符合句意。must“必须”语气过强;should“应该”侧重建议,而if条件句后通常用can表示结果。
89.B 90.C 91.C 92.A 93.C 94.C 95.B 96.C 97.B 98.B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者一家人上周在强台风来袭前后所做的准备、经历的过程以及事后的感悟。
89.句意:父亲用木板遮住窗户,母亲储存食物和水。
全文讲述上周发生的事,用一般过去时,所以此处应填入covered,cover的过去式,作谓语。
90.句意:当我们正在做那件事的时候,风开始猛烈地刮起来。
“…we were doing that, the wind started to blow strongly.”提示,此处强调“风开始猛烈地刮起来”和“我们正在做那件事”两个动作同时发生,所以此处应用while引导时间状语从句,位于句首,首字母要大写。
91.句意:我正在房间里看书,突然听到外面一声巨响。
“I…in my room when I suddenly heard a loud noise outside.”提示,此处考查:was/were doing…when…“正在做某事,突然……”,固定搭配,指正在读书,突然听到巨响。
92.句意:我的妈妈抱了抱她,给她讲了个故事让她好受点。
前一句“My little sister was scared and started to cry.”提示,我的小妹妹很害怕,开始哭了起来。所以,妈妈讲故事是为了让害怕的妹妹感觉好一些。better“更好”。
93.句意:雨整夜猛烈地敲打着窗户。
句中“all night”和“was”提示,此处强调过去时间一直持续的动作,所以时态是过去进行时,此处应填入beating,现在分词,与空格前“was”构成过去进行时,作谓语。
94.句意:台风过后,我们出去查看损失。
后半句“we went outside to check the damage.”提示,结合常识可知,台风过后,我们才会出去查看损失。After“在……之后”。
95.句意:我明白了为自然灾害做好准备是很重要的。
“make good…for a natural disaster”提示,结合选项可知,此处考查:make preparations for“为……做准备”,固定搭配,指为自然灾害做好准备。
96.句意:此外,我们应该保持冷静,在困难时期互相帮助。
“help…during difficult times”提示,结合选项可知,此处指在困难时期互相帮助,one another和each other的中文意思都是“互相”,意思相同,可互换。
97.句意:强风开始时,她的家人正开车回家。
句中“when the strong winds started.”提示,动作发生在过去,时态为一般过去时;句中“family”在这里指“全家人”,是复数概念,所以此处be动词要用were。
98.句意:尝试新事物可以帮助我们保持安全。
形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置,故排除A、C;anything常用于否定句或疑问句中,something常用于肯定句中,该句是肯定句,应选B。
99.B 100.A 101.B 102.B 103.A 104.B 105.A 106.A 107.A 108.C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,文章通过一次雷暴灾害中一位走失女孩得到帮助与家人团聚的故事,说明自然灾害的危险性以及人们需要学习自我保护、保持冷静、互相帮助的道理。
99.句意:天色很快暗了下来,狂风大作。
空前“turned”提示,该句时态为一般过去时,此处应填入blew,blow的过去式,作谓语。
100.句意:许多树倒在街上,一些汽车被它们撞了。
后半句“some cars were hit by them.”提示,结合选项可知,此处指许多树倒在街上,fell down“倒下”。
101.句意:许多人被雨淋了,不得不待在最近的商店里等待雨停。
空后“had”提示,时态为一般过去时,且该句主语“people”和动词catch之间是构成被动关系,所以要用一般过去时的被动语态作谓语,故填were caught in。
102.句意:一个小女孩在暴风雨中迷路了,她非常害怕。
空前“was”是系动词,后跟形容词,作表语,故排除A、D项;该句主语“she”是人,故填入scared,作表语,意为“感到害怕的”符合语境。
103.句意:一位好心的女士找到了她,尝试让她平静下来。
try to do sth“尝试做某事”,固定搭配,所以此处应填动词原形calm。
104.句意:她照顾女孩,寻找她的父母。
前文“A little girl was lost in the storm”明确提到小女孩在暴风雨中迷路了,所以此处指寻找她的父母,look for“寻找”;空前“took”提示,时态为一般过去时,所以此处要用looked for作谓语。
105.句意:在警察的帮助下,女孩及时见到了她的父母。
空后“the help of the police”提示,结合选项可知,此处考查:with the help of“在……的帮助下”,固定搭配,此处指在警察的帮助下,应填入With,表伴随。
106.句意:在警察的帮助下,女孩及时见到了她的父母。
“…the help of the police, the girl met her parents….”,结合选项可知,此处指在警察帮助下及时与父母相见,所以应填入in time。
107.句意:当灾难发生时,我们必须保持冷静并迅速行动。
空前“must”是情态动词,后面接动词原形。keep calm“保持冷静”,固定搭配。
108.句意:我们也应该互相帮助,去帮助那些遇到困难的人。
根据“We should also help each other ... people in trouble.”,此处不定式表示目的或后续行动。
109.B 110.A 111.A 112.A 113.B 114.B 115.A 116.A 117.B 118.C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了面对不可预测的自然灾害,人类可以通过学习灾害知识、关注预警、制定应急计划、互助合作以及保持冷静等方式,来降低风险、更好地保护自己,并强调在尊重自然、保护环境的前提下,人类能够与自然和谐共处。
109.句意:我们应该了解它们的特征、预警信号以及保护措施。
protect保护,动词;protective保护的,形容词;protection保护,名词;protected受保护的,形容词/过去分词。根据“their characteristics, warning signs, and...measures”可知,空处与前面两个名词并列,应选择形容词“protective”作定语,修饰“measures”,构成名词短语protective measures“防护措施”。故选B。
110.句意:例如,在台风来临前,我们需要关好窗户,储存足够的食物和水,并远离低洼地区。
stay away远离;stay up熬夜;stay on继续停留;stay in待在家里。根据“from low-lying areas”可知,台风天应“远离”低洼地带。故选A。
111.句意:气象部门使用先进设备监测天气变化并及时发出警告。
send out发出;take out取出;put out扑灭;look out小心。根据“warnings”可知,气象部门会“发出”预警。故选A。
112.句意:我们应该定期查看天气预报,特别是在自然灾害常见的季节,比如夏秋季节的台风。
common常见的,形容词;commonly常见地,副词;unusual不寻常的;unusually不寻常地。根据“such as summer and autumn for typhoons”可知,这些季节台风是“常见的”。空处修饰名词“seasons”,需用形容词“common”。故选A。
113.句意:定期演练计划也很重要,这样每个人都知道在紧急情况下该做什么。
regular定期的,形容词;regularly定期地,副词;irregular不规则的;irregularly不规则地。根据“practice the plan...so that everyone knows what to do”可知,空处修饰动词“practice”,需用副词“regularly”。故选B。
114.句意:这不仅帮助了需要帮助的人,也强化了团结精神。
strengthen强化,原形;strengthens强化,三单;strengthened强化,过去式;strengthening强化,现在分词。主语“This”指代前文互助的行为,为单数,且描述一般事实,应用一般现在时,动词需用三单形式“strengthens”。故选B。
115.句意:这就是为什么保持冷静并遵循救援人员的指示很重要。
calm冷静的,形容词;calmly冷静地,副词;nervous紧张的;nervously紧张地。根据“stay”可知,是“stay + 形容词”结构,表示保持某种状态,应用形容词“calm”。故选A。
116.句意:只要我们不断提高我们的知识和技能,我们在应对未来的自然灾害时会更有信心。
If如果;Unless除非;Though尽管;Because因为。根据“we keep improving our knowledge and skills, we will be more confident...”可知,前后句为条件关系,应用“If”引导条件状语从句。故选A。
117.句意:记住,大自然是强大的,但人类也是强大的。
power力量,名词;powerful强大的,形容词;powerless无力的,形容词;powerfully强大地,副词。根据“nature is powerful, but human beings are...”的并列对比结构可知,人类也是“强大的”,应用形容词“powerful”。故选B。
118.句意:只要我们尊重自然、保护环境、做好准备,我们就能与自然和谐共处,减少大自然的脾气造成的破坏。
nature自然,名词;natures自然(复数);nature’s自然的,所有格;natural自然的,形容词。根据“caused by...temper”可知,此处表示“大自然的脾气”,应用名词所有格“nature’s”。故选C
119.One possible version:
Natural disasters and us
In the past, people knew little about natural disasters. This often led to a great loss of life and property. Recovery was slow and difficult.
Now, we have advanced warning systems to monitor disasters. Schools hold safety drills to teach students how to protect themselves. Rescue teams can reach affected areas much faster.
In the future, I believe technology will help us even more. We might use AI to predict disasters more accurately and drones to deliver supplies quickly. With better preparation, we can reduce damage and save more lives.
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步:审题立意]
确定文体:介绍性说明文,用一般过去时、一般现在时和一般将来时结合
明确要点:过去(认知少、损失大、恢复难)、现在(监测、预防、救援)、未来(展望应对措施)
确定人称:第一人称/第三人称均可,以客观说明为主
注意事项:不少于60词,时态区分清晰
[第二步:构思布局]
三段式结构:
开头段:描述过去人们应对自然灾害的状况
主体段:介绍现在应对灾害的进步措施
结尾段:展望未来的灾害应对方式,升华主题
[第三步:要点展开]
要点一:
过去的情况认知情况:knew little about natural disasters
造成影响:led to a great loss of life and property
恢复难度:Recovery was slow and difficult
要点二:
现在的措施监测手段:have advanced warning systems to monitor disasters
预防行动:Schools hold safety drills to teach students how to protect themselves
救援效率:Rescue teams can reach affected areas much faster
要点三:
未来的展望技术应用:use AI to predict disasters more accurately; use drones to deliver supplies quickly
最终目标:reduce damage and save more lives
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