Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 单元语法：形容词副词比较级和最高级、大数的表达、so that、现在完成时（精讲）2025-2026学年八年级英语下册（新教材人教版）

八年级下册 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 人教版初中英语 语法专项 1 人教版8下（单元） 语法点 Unit 1 Time to Relax ①动词不定式１ 　②一般过去时 　③一般现在时 Unit 2 Stay Healthy ①反身单词1 ②情态动词(should/chould) 　③连词(because) Unit 3 Growing Up ①表让步/时间/目的连词 ②反身代词2 ③ could 的多场景用法 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature ①形容词/副词比较级与最高级 ②大数的表达 ③so that④现在完成时1 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper ①过去进行时 ②连词when/while ③情态动词should ④复合名词 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures ①连词 so...that, unless, as soon as ②-ed/-ing 形容词 ③否定前缀 Unit 7 A Good Read ①现在完成时2 ②动词不定式２　③so…that…　 ④名动同形 Unit 8 Making a Differences ①for/since ②现在完成时与过去时的综合运用 2 形容词/副词比较级与最高级 CONTENTS 大数的表达 课本＋拓展（练习） so that的用法 现在完成时1 3 PART ONE 形容词/副词比较级与最高级 4 形容词/副词比较级与最高级核心用法 类别 核心用法 结构要点 例句 比较级 两者之间对比，表示 “更……” ①两者比较 ②常带 than ③描述：高 / 长 / 深 / 大等 ①The Yellow River is longer than the Huaihe River. 黄河比淮河长。 ②This lake is bigger than that one. 这个湖比那个湖大。 最高级 三者及以上对比，表示 “最……” ①三者及以上 ②必须加 the 3. 常带 in / of 表范围 ①Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山。 ②The Nile is the longest river in the world. 尼罗河是世界上最长的河流。 5 形容词/副词比较级与最高级的规则变化 变化规则 构成方法 原级 比较级 (-er) 最高级 (-est) 一般情况 直接 + er /est tall quick taller quicker tallest quickest 以 e 结尾 直接 + r /st nice late nicer later nicest latest 重读闭音节 辅 + 元 + 辅 双写尾字母 + er /est big thin hot bigger thinner hotter biggest thinnest hottest 辅音 + y 结尾 变 y 为 i + er /est heavy busy happy heavier busier happier heaviest busiest happiest 多音节词 （双音节以上） 前加 more /most interesting beautiful difficult more interesting more beautiful more difficult most interesting most beautiful most difficult 6 形容词/副词比较级与最高级的不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 例句   good/well   better   best The Great Barrier Reef is one of the best places to study marine life.   bad/badly worse worst The weather on Mount Qomolangma can get worse quickly.   many/much more most The Amazon Rainforest has the most variety of plants and animals.   little   less least The Dead Sea has less oxygen than other seas, so few fish live there. 7 比较级的详细用法 ①基本句型 A + be / 动词 + 比较级 + than + B → The earth is bigger than the moon. ②表示 “越来越……” 比较级 + and + 比较级 → It’s getting hotter and hotter. ③表示 “越……，就越……” The + 比较级，the + 比较级 → The more you read, the better you write. ④修饰比较级（可放在比较级前） much, a little, even, far → It’s much colder today. The Caspian Sea is deeper than any other salt lake in the world. 里海比世界上其他任何盐湖都要深。 The river is becoming cleaner and cleaner with people’s efforts. 在人们努力下这条河变得越来越干净了。 The harder you work, the better grades you will get. 你学习越努力，成绩就会越好。 This mountain is far more beautiful than that one. 这座山比那座山要美得多。 最高级的详细用法 基本句型 主语 + be / 动词 + the + 最高级 + 范围（in /of）→ The Nile is the longest river in the world. 表示 “最…… 之一” one of + the + 最高级 + 名词复数→ The Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders. 最高级前的修饰 序数词 + the + 最高级→ The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. He runs the fastest of all the students in our class. 他是我们班所有学生里跑得最快的。 pandas are one of the most popular animals in China.熊猫是中国最受欢迎的动物之一。 The Yangtze River is the third longest river in the world. 长江是世界第三长的河流。 This is the second largest city in our country. 这是我国第二大城市。 The Caspian Sea is the deepest lake in the world.里海是世界上最深的湖泊。 PART TWO 大数的表达 4 个核心基数词 hundred /ˈhʌndrəd/ 百 thousand /ˈθaʊznd/ 千 million /ˈmɪljən/ 百万 billion /ˈbɪljən/ 十亿 大数的表达 规则 1：有具体数字 → 不加 s two hundred 两百 five thousand 五千 eight million 八百万 ten billion 一百亿 two hundreds × two hundred ✓ 规则 2：没有具体数字 → 加 s + of hundreds of 成百上千的 thousands of 成千上万的 millions of 数百万的 billions of 数十亿的 five thousands of × thousands of 或 five thousand ✓ 大数的读法与写法 大数读法与写法（从右往左三位一分） ①分段法 （中文：万、亿；英文：千、百万、十亿） 1,000 一千 = one thousand 1,000,000 一百万 = one million 1,000,000,000 十亿 = one billion ②多位数字读法（从高到低读） 结构：数字 + 大单位 + 数字 + 大单位 365,000,000 three hundred and sixty-five million 三亿六千五百万 书写注意 百位和十位之间加 and（英式常用，美式可省略） 108 → one hundred and eight 每三位一段，段与段之间不加 and 常见大数对照（考试必背） 数字 英文表达 中文 100 one hundred 一百 1000 one thousand 一千 10000 ten thousand 一万 100000 one hundred thousand 十万 1000000 one million 一百万 10000000 ten million 一千万 100000000 one hundred million 一亿 13 大数的表达-高频句型 ①数词 + 连字符 + 名词（作定语） a three-hundred-word composition 一篇三百字的作文 a five-thousand-meter race 五千米赛跑 ②大数 + 名词复数 three hundred students 三百名学生 millions of trees 数百万棵树 ③分数 + 大数 two thirds of the students 三分之二的学生 three quarters of the money 四分之三的钱 TIPS ①有数字不加 s，无数字加 s + of ✅ three hundred people ✅ hundreds of people ② thousand/million 前有 several/some/many 仍不加 s ✅ several thousand trees 几千棵树 ③ and 只用在百位后，段间不用 1,234 → one thousand two hundred and thirty-four ④billion 英美统一为 10 亿 初中统一记：1 billion = 10 亿 There are more than two thousand students in our school. 我们学校有两千多名学生。 Hundreds of visitors come to the park every day. 每天有成百上千的游客来公园。 The city has a history of about three hundred years. 这座城市有约三百年的历史。 The computer cost him six thousand yuan. 这台电脑花了他六千元。 Millions of people watched the game on TV. 数百万人在电视上看了比赛。 描述自然奇观的尺寸：用于 “高度、深度、面积” 等数据表述，是本单元 “地理事实陈述” 的核心技能。 Mount Qomolangma is about 8,848 meters high. 珠穆朗玛峰大约高 8848 米。 The Sahara is about 9,600,000 square kilometers in size. 撒哈拉沙漠面积大约 960 万平方千米。 The Nile is about 6,670 kilometers long. 尼罗河大约长 6670 千米。 The Caspian Sea is about 1,025 meters deep. 里海大约深 1025 米。 China has an area of about 9,600,000 square kilometers. 中国面积约 960 万平方千米。 大数的表达-应用场景 描述自然奇观的尺寸：用于 “高度、深度、面积” 等数据表述，是本单元 “地理事实陈述” 的核心技能。 PART THREE so that的用法 so that意为：为了；以便；目的是，用来引导目的状语从句，说明主句动作的目的。 连词 so that（ 目的状语从句） 基本结构 肯定形式： 主句 + so that + 目的从句 从句常放在主句后面，从句中常出现：can / could / will / would / may / might I get up early so that I can catch the early bus. 我早起，以便赶上早班车。 He spoke loudly so that everyone could hear him. 他大声说话，为了让每个人都能听见。 He exercises every day so that he can keep strong. 他每天锻炼，为了保持强壮。 so that意为：为了；以便；目的是，用来引导目的状语从句，说明主句动作的目的。 连词 so that（ 目的状语从句） 否定形式：so that … not … 表示 “以便不……；免得……” so that + 主语 + won’t /can’t /wouldn’t /couldn’t + 动词原形 Walk quietly so that you won’t wake up the baby. 轻点儿走，免得吵醒宝宝。 Take an umbrella so that you don’t get wet. 带把伞，以免淋湿。 Please keep quiet so that you won’t disturb others. 请保持安静，免得打扰别人。 描述自然奇观的尺寸：用于 “高度、深度、面积” 等数据表述，是本单元 “地理事实陈述” 的核心技能。 We learn more about nature so that we can protect it better. 我们更多地了解自然，以便更好地保护它。 People take photos of wild animals so that they can record their beauty. 人们拍摄野生动物，为了记录它们的美丽。 We should stop polluting rivers so that fish can live in clean water. 我们应该停止污染河流，以便鱼儿能生活在干净的水里。 Scientists study rainforests so that they can save more endangered plants. 科学家研究雨林，为了拯救更多濒危植物。  本单元用so that句式来描述主题“人类探索自然的目的”“自然保护的目的” 等。 连词 so that（ 目的状语从句） ①so that（目的） We protect nature so that animals can live safely. 我们保护自然，以便动物能安全生存。 ②so…that…（结果） The mountain is so high that few people can reach the top. 这座山如此高，以至于很少人能登顶。 ③ in order that（目的，正式） Scientists collect data in order that they can better study the earth. 科学家收集数据，为了更好地研究地球。 so that VS so…that… VS in order that PART FOUR 现在完成时1 结构：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 标志词：already 已经 ever 曾经 never 从未 since 自从 before 以前 yet 还，仍（常用于否定、疑问） just 刚刚 现在完成时--表示 “过去探索行动对现在的影响” 本单元主题例句（探索自然 / 保护自然） already Scientists have already discovered many new sea animals. 科学家已经发现了许多新的海洋动物。 never Man has never stopped exploring nature. 人类从未停止探索自然。 ever Have you ever visited the Sahara Desert? 你曾经去过撒哈拉沙漠吗？ just They have just finished measuring the mountain. 他们刚刚测量完这座山。 yet（否定） No one has yet reached the bottom of that deep valley. 还没有人到达过那个深谷的底部。 结构：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 标志词：already 已经 ever 曾经 never 从未 since 自从 before 以前 yet 还，仍（常用于否定、疑问） just 刚刚 现在完成时--表示 “过去探索行动对现在的影响” 拓展用法：动作从过去持续到现在 结构：have / has + done + since / for for + 时间段 since + 时间点 / 一般过去时句子 People have studied Qomolangma for hundreds of years. 人们研究珠峰已有数百年。 We have known the importance of nature since we were young. 我们从小就知道自然的重要性。 现在完成时--表示 “过去探索行动对现在的影响” ①…have already… China has already made great progress in environmental protection. 中国已经在环保方面取得巨大进步。 ②…have never… We have never ignored the danger of pollution. 我们从未忽视污染的危害。 ③Have you ever…? Have you ever seen such a beautiful natural wonder? 你曾见过如此美丽的自然奇观吗？ ④…have lived/existed for… This old forest has existed for thousands of years. 这片古老森林已经存在数千年。 现在完成时--表示 “过去探索行动对现在的影响” PART FIVE 　课本+拓展（练习） 课本 练一练 1. 形容词 vs 副词 形容词修饰名词 / 代词，所以 biggest desert、deepest point、taller（描述山的状态）都是形容词。 副词修饰动词，所以 see as well as、travels the farthest 里的 well 和 farthest 都是副词。 2. 原级比较 as…as 也属于比较用法，所以 well 也需要下划线。 5,895 25,768 four thousand three hundred and thirty-seven thousand ①英式读法中，百位和十位之间要用 and，比如 5,895 读作 five thousand, eight hundred and ninety-five。 ②没有零头的整千数，直接读成 数字 + thousand，不用加 and，比如 4,000 → four thousand。 tips 30 largest closer louder far louder scariest most amazing 31 单项选择 1．The number 6,363,000 is read as ________. A．six million, three hundred sixty-three thousand B．six million, three hundred and sixty-three millions C．six million, three hundred and sixty-three thousand D．six millions, three hundred and sixty-three thousand 2．He wrote down the key points ________ he wouldn’t forget them in the exam. A．although B．until C．so that D．but 3．Qomolangma is the ________ mountain in the world. A．high B．higher C．highest D．Tall 4．Among all my teachers, I’m ________ to Mr. Green. He always helps me with physics patiently. A．less thankful B．more thankful C．most thankful D．the most thankful 拓展练一练 32 5．I left early every morning ____ I could catch the first bus and arrive at school on time. A．even though B．as if C．as soon as D．so that 6．He ran to the bus stop very quickly ________ he could catch the last bus. A．only if B．in order to C．so that D．as long as 7．She studies hard ________ she can get good grades in the exam. A．so...that B．so that C．although D．until 8．They got up early ________ they could catch the first bus. A．so that B．until C．although D．while 9．He spoke slowly and clearly ________ all the students could understand him. A．although B．until C．so that D．But 10．Uranus (天王星) is the second ________ planet from the Sun in our solar system． A．far B．farther C．farthest 33 11．Who jumped ________ of the three students in the sports meeting? A．high B．higher C．the highest 12．Betty arrives at school ________ of all the students. And every teacher likes her. A．early B．earlier C．most early D．earliest 13．Lin Dong presented his speech ________ among the three students. A．more fluently B．the most fluently C．fluently D．fluentlyer 14．—Who got first prize in this competition? —Of course Tom did. He worked ________ among us. A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．most hard 15．Tom does his homework ________ in his class. A．more careful B．the most careful C．more carefully D．the most carefully 34 16．—Which season do you like ________, spring or autumn? —Autumn. It’s cool and comfortable. A．well B．better C．best D．the best 17．The more you practice, the ________ you will play the piano. A．good B．better C．best D．well 18．He studies ________ than his sister, so he often gets better grades. A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the hardest 19．Tony runs ________ in his class, but John runs even ________ than him. A．fast; faster B．the fastest; faster C．faster; fastest D．the fastest; fastest 20．Of all the students in our school, Lucy writes ________, but Lily writes ________ than her. A．most carefully; more quick B．the most carefully; more quickly C．more carefully; the most quickly D．the most careful; more quick 35 THE END 人教版初中英语 语法专项 36 $