必修3 Unit 2 Natural disasters-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（译林版）

Unit 2 主题语境 必备 Natural disasters 析>译>背高考复杂句式A0UzAU5HL 高考原句 句式分析 l.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to 本句为but连接的并列复 process as the computer code that powers 合句。在第一个分句中包 AI but,thankfully,Campbell has more 含一个限制性定语从句 than two decades'professional experience that powers Al,修饰先行 translating the heady into the understand- 词the computer code。 able. 2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)As we soon come to 本句是一个主从复合句。 learn from AI by Design,AI is already As引导非限制性定语从 super-smart and will become more capa- 句，moving from..to.. ble,moving from the current generation 为v.ing短语作伴随 of“narrow-AI”to Artificial General Intel- 状语。 ligence. 复盘>必备知识 [Part 1 巧记·课标单词] >No.1 单词分类记—层级背 1. n. 灾难，灾害 2. n.&u. 碰撞声，碰撞 13. n. 3. vi.&vt. 发信号，示意 14. adv. 信号；标志 15. vt, 0 出去；离去 16. n. 写 adj. 有秩序的 17. adi. 单 6 ut. 拥抱，搂抱 18. adv. 7. 之 程序，步骤 prep. 悉其识 8. 名 会议，研讨会 19. n. 9. n. 补给，补给品 20. n.&.vt 10. n. 全体职工 21. adj. 11. n. 洪水，水灾 22. V. 0. 淹没，泛滥 23. n. 12. adv. 在楼下 24. ut. n. 楼下 93· 与自然一 自然灾害 汉语试译 由能力不够的人来写，这本 书可能会像人工智能的计算 机代码一样复杂，但值得庆 幸的是，Campbell拥有二十 多年的专业经验，可以将枯 燥的内容转化为通俗易懂的 内容。 从AI by Design中我们很快 就会了解到，人工智能已经 非常智能，并且将变得更加 强大，从当前的“狭义人工智 能”一代向通用人工智能 发展。 教材盘点自主夯实 文件，公文 否则，不然 使出土，挖掘 目的地，终点 难耐的 在较远处 在更远处 图案，花样 救援 灵敏的，锋利的 退休 进口产品；输入 找出…的准确位置 高考总复习 英语(YL) 1. vt.损害；伤害→> n.伤害；损害→ adj.受伤的 2 vi.作出反应；回应→ n.反应；回应 3. .（尤指通过提供更多证据)证实，进一步确定→ n.证实，证明 4. i.发生；出现→ n.发生 5. n.(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物→ vt.使减轻；缓解 6. t.破坏；毁坏；消灭→ adj.破坏（性）的 展 7. vt.告知；通知→ n.信息 f ot.&v.(使)震惊；震动n.休克；打击；震惊 adj.令人震惊的→ 词 adij.感到震惊的 9 adj.害怕的；对…感到惊慌或恐惧的→ vt.&i.惊吓；使害怕；受惊吓 其 10. i.变化；多样→ adj.不同的；各种各样的 11. n.能力；力量；权力→ adj.强大的；有感染力的→ adi.无力的；没 有能力的 12. adj.好奇的 n.好奇心→ adu.好奇地 13. t.捐赠；捐赠物→ n.捐赠→ n.捐赠者 14. v.(指火山)爆发；突然发生→ n.火山爆发；（战争等）爆发 15. adj.远的；远处的→ n.远方 1.county n. 6.pole n. 单 2.stair n. 7.hurricane n. 3.roll n. 8.charity n. V. 9.slide n.&v. 其 4.odd adj. 10.trunk n. 5.typhoon n. 11.column n. >No.2 同根联想记 线串 子话题1 各种自然灾害 子话题2 造成的危害 ①flood n.洪水 ①terrify vt..使恐惧；使惊吓 ②hurricane n.飓风 ②ashn.灰；灰烬 ③victim n.受害者 ③sandstorm n.沙尘暴 ④catastrophe n.灾难；灾祸 ④typhoon r.台风 ⑤radioactive adj.放射性的 ⑤volcano n.火山 ⑥panic n.&wi.惊慌；恐慌 ⑥snowstorm n.暴风雪 ⑦muddy adj.泥泞的 ⑦tornado n.龙卷风 ⑧lava n.熔岩；岩浆 ⑧tsunami n.海啸 ⑨melt vi.融化 ⑩tidal adj.潮汐的；有涨落的 ⑨landslide n.山体滑坡 ①worsen vi.(使)恶化 ⑩drought n.旱灾；千旱 ②fierce adj.狂暴的；恶劣的 [Part2妙记·核心短语] >No.1 短语分类记— 层级背 整个，全部 6.in case 2 安然无恙的 7.the moment 3 被想到，浮现在眼前 8.above all 保持冷静 9.break out 5. 用完，耗尽 10.far and wide ·94· 基础必备必修第三册 >No.2 同根联想记一一线串 1.“v.十out”短语集锦 2.“用完；耗尽”短语多棱镜 ①let out发出；放走；泄露 ①run out of用完（及物） ②leave out省去；遗漏；不考虑 ②run out用完（不及物） ③break out突然开始，爆发 ③use up用完（及物） ④make out理解；辨认出 ④give out耗尽（不及物） ⑤pick out挑出；辨认出 ⑤be/get burnt out筋疲力尽 ⑥figure out理解；弄清 ⑥be tired out筋疲力尽 [Part3速记·经典句式] 典型句式 教材原句 The beach was rapidly cleared of people, 1.before引导的时间状语从句 (就在巨浪冲进海岸之前)。 That morning,I turned on the TV for some local news, 2.only to do作结果状语 (结果却听到了飓风就要来了). 3.不定式符号to的省略 The roads were blocked,so there was nothing for me to do (只能待在里面). The hurricane (一定造成)a lot of damage 4.情态动词+have done and suffering. Its walls were fresh (好像是昨天才粉刷 5.asif引导方式状语从句 过的)… 聚焦层级突破 聚焦核心要点落实 Part.1单词悟讲记 [考点归纳]一知识生成 》 (1)injury元.伤害，损害 [核心单词] dosb.an injury/.do an injury to sb.伤害某人 1.injure vt.伤害，使受伤 (2)injured adj.受伤的 [教材对接] get injured受伤 Only 5 students suffered slight injuries,despite the injured伤者 the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured [链接写作]—完成句子 in the disaster area at large. OI was wearing a seat belt.If I hadn't been wear- 尽管目前整个灾区的伤亡情况是7人死亡，200多 ing one,I 人受伤，但（在这所学校）只有5名学生受了轻伤。 我那时系着安全带呢。如果没系安全带的话，我就 [语境练悟]一单句语法填空 受伤了。 ①(2023·新课标I卷)..，where she learned [易混辨析] that she had serious (injure)in one of 一般指由于意外或事故而受伤，也可表 her knees. injure 示损害名誉、自尊等。 ②Ambulances took the (injure)to a 一般用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可 nearby hospital. hurt 3If you try and lift that heavy suitcase,you will 指精神上的伤害，还可用作不及物动 词，意为“疼痛”。 do an injury yourself. ·95· 高考总复习 英语(YL) 续表 指外伤（如刀伤、枪伤、剑伤等），尤指在 wound 战争、战斗中受伤。 特指伤及一个人或其健康、权利、事业 harm 等，并使之痛苦、造成损害等。 [学以致用]一用injure,hurt,wound,harm的正 确形式填空 ⑤Don't your eyes by reading in poor light. 6Two people have been seriously in a road accident. DI'm really sorry.I didn't mean to your feelings. ⑧He got in the war. ⑨My chest when I make a deep breath, doctor. 2.signal vi..&t.发信号n.信号 [教材对接] She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands. 她示意学生们抱着头，排好队，有序离开教室。 [语境练悟]—单句语法填空 DIn addition,their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes,like throwing stones or (signal). ②She signaled she was about to turn left. 3As soon as he sat down at the table,he signaled the waiter to bring the menu. [考点归纳]一知识生成 (l)signal to sb..to do sth..示意某人做某事 signal(tosb.)that..示意（某人）… (2)a traffic signal交通信号 send out a signal发出信号 [链接写作]一句式升级 The bell rang,and signaled that school was over. ④The bell rang, (非限制性定语从句) ⑤The bell rang, (分词作状语) 3.occur vi..发生；出现 ◆[教材对接] It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. 她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。 9 [语境练悟]一单句语法填空 ①It occurred me that I should help my mother do more housework. ②Now it occurred to him his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. ③(2022·北京卷)Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relation- ships between calories,sugar,fat and the (occur)of common diseases. [考点归纳]一知识生成 (i)sth.occurs to sb..某人突然想起某事 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb.that... 某人突然想起… :It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人突然想起做某事 C2）occurrence n,发生 [链接写作]一完成句子 ④It occurred to me 我突然想起在什么地方见过他。 4.relief n.宽慰，轻松，减轻，消除 [教材对接] To her great relief,the officer immediately real- ized the coming danger. 使她大为宽慰的是，这名安全员立即意识到了即将 到来的危险。 [语境练悟]一单句语法填空 ①(2024·新课标I卷)He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little (relieve). 2The boy came back safe and sound.What relief！ 3We can go shopping and travelling relief during summer vacation. [考点归纳]一知识生成 (I)to one's relief令某人欣慰的是 with relief欣慰地，如释重负地 It's a relief to do sth.,做某事是令人欣慰的事情 (2)relieve v.减轻 relieve sb.of... 减轻某人的…，将某人从…中解脱出来 (3)relieved adj.感到宽慰的 [链接写作]一完成句子 ④(2021·新高考I卷) and broaden my horizon. 这些故事可以消除我的压力和拓展我的视野。 5.inform vt.告知；通知 [教材对接] Remember to inform yourself of what is going on. 记得告知自己正在发生什么。 [语境练悟]一单句语法填空 ①(2024·1月浙江卷)A similar process is at work in our response to (inform). 2On March 19,Dennis got a group text (inform)him that a couple he didn't know were at the hospital. 3The boss asked his secretary to keep him well (inform)of the programme's progress. [考点归纳]一知识生成 (I)inform sb.of sth.告诉/通知某人某事 inform sb.that/when/how..通知某人… keep sb.informed (of...) 使某人随时了解(…) (2)information.U]通知：消息：情报：信息 [链接写作]一句式升级 4He informed the company of the ship's safe arri- val. → (改为复合句) 6.donate v.捐赠；赠送 [教材对接] Luckily,many people came to help,donating food and clothes to charities. 幸运的是，许多人来帮忙，捐赠食物和衣服给慈善 机构。 [语境练悟]—单句语法填空 DThis has led companies and individuals to donate money developing countries to buy com- puter equipment and Internet facilities. ②Besides,.we made a donate)of 120,000 yuan to you,expecting that it can help you get through the difficulties. [考点明纳]—知识生成 (I)donate sth.tosb.捐赠某物给某人 (2)donation n.捐赠；捐献 (3)donator n.捐赠者 [链接写作]—完成句子 3Shortly after the earthquake,many people 地震过后不久，许多人迅速去医院献血。 基础必备必修第三册 [间考单词] 1.escape vi.&vt.n.逃脱；逃走；避开；解脱 [语境练悟]一单句语法填空/补全句子 DThe boy was happy to have escaped (notice)among the people. ②(2023·1月浙江卷)The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped the tree. ③The man had narrow escape the other day. ④Mary spoke to me,but at that moment. 玛丽和我说话，但那个时候我没有想起她的名字。 2.reaction n.反应，回应 [语境练悟]一单句语法填空/补全句子 DPlease share how you reacted the situ- ation and the cause of your (react)in the last emergency. ②-How did he react his father's sug- gestion? -He reacted strongly it and refused to accept it. 3In the past,there was often an automatic (react)to increased traffic;just widen the roads.· ④Many young people 很多年轻人反对传统价值观，想要自由地生活。 3.shock n.休克；震惊；令人震惊的事vt.(使)震惊 [语境练悟]一单句语法填空/补全句子 ①(2024·1月浙江卷)In her first PE class,Eva was (shock)when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside. 2Most of the people all over the world were angry at the (shock)violence. 3The people present at the meeting were shocked (see)the boss rush out. ④I was shocked he could be so careless. ⑤Jones when she said that she didn't actually mind being cheated. 当她说事实上她不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。 高考总复习英语(YL) P2t.2短语巧突破 》 1.in case假使；以防万一 ◆[教材对接] At the same time,Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door,in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open. 同时，布朗小姐迅速打开教室门，以防教室门在晃 动时损坏而无法打开。 [语境练悟]一单句语法填空 ①(2021·全国新高考I卷)My mother was so touched by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier(收银员)a five- dollar bill to keep on hand case the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enoug h money for all of their groceries. ②(2o23·全国乙卷)Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects,and some chapters of this book are able to do just that,but many cases we simply can't. ③In no case we believe that he is so gen- erous. 4I can think of many cases in students knew quite a few English words and expressions but couldn't write a good essay. [考点归纳]—知识生成 in case假使；以防万一 in case of假如发生；万一发生 in any case无论如何 in no case决不 in this/.that case假使这样/那样的话 as is often the case这是常有的事 [误区释疑](l)in case后常常接句子；in case of 后常常接名词。 (2)inn0case位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。 [链接写作]一完成句子 ⑤ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 对于那些心存希望的人，一切皆有可能，这是常有 的事。 2.run out of用完，耗尽 [教材对接] Were you afraid of running out of supplies? 你害怕耗尽补给吗？ 9 [语境练悟]一单句语法填空 ①Iran him at a conference in Milan. 2It's irresponsible of you to run from the difficulties. 3It is said that John's always running younger women. 4The driver of a large truck,unable to stop in time,ran our car. [考点归纳]一知识生成 (1)run out用完；用尽 (2)run across偶然遇到 (3)run away from逃离；躲避 (4)run after追赶；追求 (5)run into撞上：遇到 [名师点津]run out of用完，是及物动词短语，后 面跟宾语；run out是不及物动词短语，后面不跟 宾语。 [链接写作]一完成句子 ⑤ Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase. 如果他们用完了某些日常必需品，威尔逊就开车去 最近的商店去购买。 3.break out突发；爆发 [教材对接] The cries of women broke out;the men looked at each other,but were silent. 女人的哭声爆发了，男人们互相看着，但保持沉默。 [语境练悟]一单句语法填空 ①The band broke about 1970,but hap- pily they reunited in the mid-1980s. 2Close the door and windows carefully to prevent some strangers breaking your house. ③Don't break when he is telling his own story. ④You'll break sooner or later if you go on working like that. [考点归纳]一知识生成 break down出故障；失败；垮掉；分獬 break in破门而人；打断（谈话等） break into强行闯入；突然…起来 break up打碎；分裂；解体 break away from脱离；挣脱 [链接写作]一完成句子 5At last the firefighters put out the fire in the su- permarket, 最后，消防人员扑灭了超市大火，这场大火是上午 10点开始燃烧的。 Part.3句式精剖析 》 1.before引导时间状语从句 [教材对接] The beach was rapidly cleared of people,just be- fore the huge waves crashed into the coast. 就在巨浪冲进海岸之前，海滩上很快就没有人了。 [语境练悟]一写出下列句子中before的汉语意思 ①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now- several decades before these developments are ex- pected to take place. 2It will be five years before we meet again. ③It will not be long before the despot(暴君) comes to his end. He took the bad news out of his mouth before I could stop him. [考点明纳]—知识生成 含before的常用句式有： (1)twon't be long before...“用不了多久 就会…”(before从句用一般现在时) 用 (2)It wasn't long before..“没过多久 法 就…”(before从句用一般过去时) 归 (3)It will be-十一段时间+before...“要过 纳 若干时间之后才…”(before从句用一般 现在时) (4)It was十一段时间+before...“过了若 干时间才…”(before从句用一般过去时) before conj..常用来表示从句动作发生之前 的时间，译法灵活。 注 ①还没来得及…就… 意 ②…之后才… 事 ③在…之前 项 ④（不久）就… ⑤以免… ⑥趁着…（还没有） 进阶>多维检测 [全练透] I.单词拼写 1.Natural (灾难)are reminders of the power of nature. 2.The man's (反应)to the event surprised all the people present. 3.She stormed out of the room and (撞击)the door shut behind her. ·9 基础必备必修第三册 [链接写作]一完成句子 5He told me a helicopter was on its way,but 他告诉我一架直升机正在路上，但要过30分钟才 能到达。 ⑥ they walked through the front door carrying a big box. 没过多久，他们就提着一个大箱子走进前门。 2.must have done sth. P[教材对接] The hurricane must have caused a lot of damage and suffering. 飓风一定造成了很大的破坏和痛苦。 [语境练悟]一语段填词 DLooking at the large empty apartment,I became aware of how lonely my mother (一定也很…)in Brazil herself. ②The boy (也许知道了)the truth,but I am not quite sure. 3I didn't see her in the meeting room this morning.She (不可能讲话)at the meeting. [考点归纳]一知识生成 情态动词十have done对过去发生的事情或状态进 行推测 must have “(过去)一定做了某事”；语气 done sth. 比较肯定；用于肯定句。 “本能够做某事”；用于否定句 can (could)have 和疑问句，表示对过去发生的 done sth. 行为的怀疑或不确定。 “(过去)可能/也许做了某事”； may (might) 语气不确定；用于肯定句和否 have done sth. 定句。 [链接写作]一完成句子 ④My mindless words 我无心的话一定伤害了他。 夯基固本多维运用 4.You can't imagine the (毁灭性 power of modern weapons. 5.What is the usual (程序)for set- ting up a new school? 6.Thanks to all the kind people,who (捐赠)generously during the2O08 Sichuan earth quake,we could rebuild our hometown. ● 高考总复习英语(YL) 7.When questioned,he was too (震惊) to describe what had happened when the attack took place. 8.His work must have been completed; (否则)，he wouldn't be enjoying himself on the beach. 9.The company (出▣)goods to over40 different countries. 10.It is the only place (在…之外)the Earth to have been visited by humans Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1. our relief,most children have access to good education. 2.We keep them (inform)of ary changes as they crise. 3.The little bird was lucky enough to escape (catch). 4.The policeman signalled him (turn) left by waving his hand towards the left 5.My elder brother fell off his motorbike yesterday and got badly (injure) 6.You'd better call the airline (confirm) your flight reservation a week before you set off for Ottawa. 7.For just a small (donate)you can take a tour with our garden guide. 8.He looked a little (scare)to meet us, but started to smile shyly after my mom hugged him. 9.All the people were (shock)to hear that a school bus fell into a river. 10.She hurried to the playground,only (tell)that the games had been canceled due to the heavy rain. Ⅲ.选词填空 at large,safe and sound,occur to,keep one's head,run out of,in case,break out,far and wide 1.The doctor shares his phone number with the patient they need medical assistance. 2.Before the government makes a decision,they should consider the opinions of the public 3.Having been missing for three days,the girl re- turned home at last,which made her parents relieved. ·1 4.No matter what difficulties we are faced with, we should and hold the be- lief that we can go through. 5.If we keep using the water like this,we will soon it. 6.Fighting has on the border and is expected to continue until a settlement is reached. 7.The idea him in a dream. 8.He spread his net in his search for success. V.完成句子 1.现在阳光明媚，但我还是会带上一把雨伞以防 万一。 The sun is shining,but 2.糟糕的天气使工程只完成了一半。 The bad weather left 3.他自从上台，已执政将近五年了。 Since he came to power,he for almost five years. 4.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。 for the ground is wet. 5.昨天两名犯人企图从监狱逃跑。 Two prisoners tried to yesterday. [重落实] I.单元巩固练 短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补 全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法。 FALMONT On 17 March,476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School escaped an earthquake.Only 5 students suffered slight in- juries,despite the current figures of 7 1. (kill)and over 200 injured in the disaster area. There were loud 2. (crash)of glass breaking and things falling to the ground.Miss Brown,head teacher at Falmont Primary School, 3. (signal)to her students to exit the class- room in an orderly line 4. (cover)their heads with hands.After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound,they relaxed,5. (laugh),crying and hugging each other. NEWDALE -On 20 December,a series of huge waves 6. cause)by undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore Beach.A 10-year-old girl,Sabrina Andron, helped around 100 people escape danger.She had warned her parents 7. the danger.She had just learnt about tsunamis in a Geography les- son.It immediately 8. (occur)to her that these were signs of an 9. (approach) tsunami.The beach was rapidly cleared 10. people,just before the huge waves crashed into the coast. Ⅱ.话题微写作（演讲稿） 假定你是李华，请根据下面要点，就面对自然 灾害应该怎么做写一篇演讲稿，主题为“How to Deal with Natural Disasters'”。 1.自然灾害造成的损失惨重； 2.应掌握有关自然灾害的知识并做好充分 准备； 3.自然灾害来临时，要坚定信念，团结一致，保 持镇静，努力自救和帮助他人。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.尽量使用本单元知识点。 How to Deal with Natural Disasters Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(10)一“有关走和跑的表达” ●[多样表达] 1.stroll.闲逛 2.tiptoe v.蹑手蹑脚 3.march.列队走 4.limp v.瘸着脚走 5.wander v.漫步 6.pace restlessly不安地走动 7.make a running step back跑着后退 8.dash out冲出去 9.bounce up跳起 l0.chase after追逐 1l.drag one's legs拖着双腿 ·1( 基础必备必修第三册 12.head for/,to前往 13.leap up一跃而起 14.limp all the way一路跛行 15.move about/,around四处走动 l6.quicken one's pace加快步伐 17.rush/dash into冲进 18.slide into,/steal into溜进 19.slip out of从…溜走 20.spring to one's feet立刻站起来 2l.struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来 22.walk on tiptoe踮着脚尖走 23.wander down the road沿着路漫步 24.walk on the street aimlessly 漫无目的地在大街上走着 25.pace back and forth来回踱步 26.stroll aimlessly through the streets 毫无目的地在街上游荡 27.walk arm in arm臂挽着臂走 28.wander over the countryside在乡间漫步 ●[佳句观摩] 1.她溜下床，踮起脚尖走向窗户。 She slipped out of bed and tiptoed to the window. 2.小黄人向门冲去，逃离了现场。 The minion made a rush for the door and escaped from the scene. 3.然后丽莎站起身来，穿过人群向我走来。 Then Lisa stood up and made her way through the crowd toward me. 4.贝尔·林格若有所思地点点头，弗兰妮赶紧去招 待她的其他客人。 Belle Ringer nodded thoughtfully,and Frannie hurried off to wait on the rest of her tables. ●[好句仿写] 1.她起身朝出口走去。 She the exit. 2.他们手拉手沿着小路走。 They along the path. 3.这个可怜的人既失望又沮丧，回到了家里。 Disappointed and frustrated,the poor man his family. 4.鲁本跑向水街，吓得浑身发抖。 Reuben Water Street,trembling with great panic. ● 高考总复习英语(YL) 培优>提能加餐 高考对接素养培优 [培优1]单元知识链高考 一、熟词生义 DThey are both teachers.Otherwise they are 1.(山东卷)Before the film began,each woman was quite unlike. asked to help herself to a snack.An actor hired 2It is not permitted to sell or otherwise distrib- by the researchers grabbed her food first. ute copies of past examination papers. 2.claim 2.He had a real gift for handling chores,sheltering me from unpleasant repair jobs. A战争、事故等夺去生命“B声称，主张 C.要求，索取 D.获得，赢得 3.Violence erupted in the city after the football DIt was claimed that many people were trapped match. in the mountain because of the landslide. 4.(2024·新课标I卷)The differences between print and digital reading results are partly relat- ed to paper's physical properties. 2She claimed damages from the company for the injury she had suffered. 二、一词多义一根据语境选出otherwise,claim的 3The hurricane claimed more than 20 residents' 含义 lives. 1.otherwise 4In the English speech,the young man who claimed A否则B.除此以外C.在其他方面 the first prize jumped with a thrill of joy. [培优2]高考语篇培素养 Topic:黄石国家公园的火山 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 (江苏卷)In the l960s,while studying the volcanic history of Yellow- 1.What puzzled Chris- stone National Park,Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something tiansen when he was that,oddly,had not troubled anyone before:he couldn't find the park's vol- studying Yellowstone? A.Its complicated geo- cano.It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in graphical features. nature-that's what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy fea- B.Its ever-lasting in- tures.But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere. fluence on tourism. Most of us,when we talk about volcanoes,think of the classic cone( C.The mysterious his- shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro,which are created when erupting tory of the park. magma()piles up.These can form remarkably quickly.In 1943,a Mexi- D.The exact location of the volcano. can farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land. 2.What does the second par In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. agraph mainly talk about? Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was A.The shapes of volca- more than half a mile across.Altogether there are some ten thousand of noes. these volcanoes on Earth,all but a few hundred of them extinct.There is, B.The impacts of volca- however,a second less known type of volcano that doesn't involve mountain noes. C.The activities of vol- building.These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single canoes. big crack,leaving behind a vast hole,the caldera.Yellowstone obviously D.The heights of volca- was of this second type,but Christiansen couldn't find the caldera any- noes. where. ·102· 基础必备必修第三册 续表 Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras 3.What does the under- by taking photographs of Yellowstone.A thoughtful official passed on some lined word“blow-up” of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might in the last paragraph make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors'centers.As soon as Christiansen most probably mean? saw the photos,he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera:almost the A.Hot-air balloon. whole park-2.2 million acres-was caldera.The explosion had left a hole B.Digital camera. more than forty miles across-much too huge to be seen from anywhere at C.Big photograph. ground level.At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up D.Bird's view. with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans. ◆素材积累 2Sign your name on the form where I've put a (一)由文本积累主题词块 cross. 1.the volcanic history ◆长句缩写 2.pile up 1.Most of us,when we talk about volcanoes,think 3.the confused owner 4.top out of the classic cone(圆锥体)shapes of a Fuji or 5.a single big crack Kilimanjaro,which are created when erupting 6.some new high-altitude cameras magma(岩浆)piles up. 7.the park authorities [句式剖析]请将句中的“枝叶”（名词短语、介 8.far beyond the scale 词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从 (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 句)去掉，留下“主干”（主谓宾或主系表）。 1.volcano n. Most of us,(when we talk about volcanoes), 2.scale n. 3.altogether adv. think of the(classic)cone(圆锥体)shapes(ofa 4.extinct adj. Fuji or Kilimanjaro),[which are created(when 5.explosive adj. erupting magma(岩桨)piles up)]. 6.thoughtful adj. [句子缩写] 7.assumption n. (不超过10个单词) 8.acre n. 2.The explosion had left a hole more than forty (三)由文本辨熟词生义（将词义对应的字母填到横 miles across-much too huge to be seen from 线上) 1.feature anywhere at ground level. A.特色 B.地理特征 [句式剖析]请将句中的“枝叶”（名词短语、介 C.以…为特色 D.由…主演 词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从 1...that's what accounted for all its hot 句)去掉，留下“主干”（主谓宾或主系表）。 springs and other steamy features. The explosion had left a hole(more than forty 2It's a great film and it features a Spanish actor miles across)-(much too huge to be seen from who is going to be a world star within a year. anywhere)(at ground level). [句子缩写] 2.form (不超过10个单词) A.形成 B.形式 C.建立 D.表格 C温馨提污 学习至此，请完成配套训练 课时冲关10 DThese can form remarkably quickly. 103the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a pic- ture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,’said Daru.(Daru说‘我们特别感兴趣的是探索取样 容易产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民科学家更有可能拍 摄开花植物的照片，而不是它旁边的草’。)”可知，Daru 的研究聚焦于观察数据，即人们通过移动应用记录的物 种观察数据。] 3.C[细节理解题。根据第四段“‘We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias(使有偏差)data,like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant in- stead of the grass right next to it,'said Daru.(Daru ‘我们特别感兴趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的方 面，比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片，而 不是它旁边的草’。)”以及第五段“This makes sense be- cause the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby,(这是有道 理的，因为在移动设备上获得观察生物多样性数据的人 通常是公民科学家，他们记录了他们在附近地区与物种 的接触。)”可知，导致数据偏差的原因是采样方式的 不当。门 4.D[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled are- as and lead them to places-and even species-that are not well-sampled.To improve the quality of observational data,biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded im- age.(生物多样性应用程序可以使用我们的研究结果来 告知用户哪些区域被过度采样，并将他们引导到未充分 采样的地方，甚至是寻找未充分采样的物种。为了提高 观测数据的质量，生物多样性应用程序还可以鼓励用户 让专家确认他们上传的图像的身份。)”可知，Daru建议 生物多样性应用应该给公民科学家提供指导。] 素材积累 (一)1.收集了数十亿份记录2.以…形式3.随着科 技的兴起4.借助于，通过…的帮助5.拍一张…照 片6.导致更好的全球覆盖范围7.提高观测数据的 质量 (二)1.文件；（计算机）文档2.生物多样性3.生物学 4.观察的5.资料6.可能性 (三)1.①C②B③A2.①B②A③D 长句缩写 Researchers and scientists have collected records. Unit 2 复盘必备知识巧记·课标单词 单词分类记 写作单词 1.disaster 2.crash 3.signal 4.exit 5.orderly 6.hug 7.procedure 8.conference 9.supply 10.staff 11.flood 12.downstairs 13.document 14.otherwise 15.unearth 16.destination 17.unbearable 18.beyond 19.pattern 20.rescue 21.sharp 22.retire 23.import 24.locate 拓展单词 1.injure injury injured 2.react reaction 3.confirm confirmation 4.occur occurrence 5.relief relieve 6.destroy destructive 7.inform information 8.shock shocking shocked 9.scared scare 10.vary various 11.power powerful powerless 12.curious curiosity curiously 13.donate donation donator 14.erupt eruption 15.distant distance 阅读单词 1.郡，县2.楼梯，梯级3.名单；卷翻滚4.奇怪的， 怪异的5.台风6.柱，杆，极7.飓风8.慈善机构 9.幻灯片；滑行10.树干11.柱，圆柱；栏 ·37 参考答案 妙记·核心短语 短语分类记 1.at large 2.safe and sound 3.occur to 4.keep one's head5.run out of6.如果，万一7.一…就8.尤其 是9.爆发10.到处，各处 速记·经典句式 1.just before the huge waves crashed into the coast 2.only to hear that a hurricane was on its way 3.but stay inside 4.must have caused 5.as if painted yesterday 聚集层级突破单词悟讲记 核心单词 l.①injuries②injured③to 4would have been injured ⑤harm⑥injured⑦hurt⑧wounded⑨hurts 2.①signaling②that③to④which signaled that school was over 5signaling that school was over 3.①to②that③occurrence ④that I had met him somewhere 4.①relief②a③with④These stories can relieve my stress 5.①information②informing③informed④Hein formed the company that the ship had arrived safely 6.①to②donation③hurried to the hospital to donate their blood 间考单词 l.①being noticed②from③a④her name escaped me 2.①to reaction②to against③reaction④react against traditional values and want to live freely 3.①shocked②shocking③to see④that ⑤was shocked 短语巧突破 l.①in②in③do④which⑤As is often the case 2.①across②away③after④into⑤If they run out of certain daily necessities 3.①up②into③in④down⑤which broke out at ten this morning 句式精剖析 1.①在…之前②…之后才…③（不久）就… ④还没来得及就，⑤it would be30 minutes before it arrived It didn't take long before 2.①must have been②might have known③couldn't have spoken must have hurt him 进阶多维检测 全练透 I.1.disasters 2.reaction 3.crashed 4.destructive 5.procedure 6.donated 7.shocked 8.otherwise 9.exports 10.beyond II.1.To 2.informed 3.being caught 4.to turn 5.in- jured 6.to confirm 7.donation 8.scared 9.shocked 10.to be told IlI.1.in case 2.at large 3.safe and sound 4.keep our head 5.run out of 6.broken out 7.occurred to 8.far and wide IV.1.I'll take an umbrella just in case 2.the project half finished 3.has been in power 4.It must have rained last night 5.escape from the prison 重落实 I.1.killed 2.crashes 3.signalled 4.covering 5.laughing 6.caused 7.of 8.occurred 9.approaching 10.of Ⅱ.[参考范文] How to Deal with Natural Disasters Natural disasters,such as floods,earthquakes and tsunamis,can happen at any time.They often cause a sad loss of life and damage.How should we deal with them? First of all,we should master rich knowledge about natural disasters and make adequate preparations for them. 高考总复习英语(YL) Secondly,when natural disasters really happen,we should have a firm belief and unite to fight against them.As the old saying goes,"Many hands make light work."Moreo- ver,we should keep calm and try to save ourselves and help others.Only in this way can we defeat natural disasters in the end. II.1.stood up and headed towards 2.walked hand in hand 3.made his way back to 4.ran/rushed down 培优提能加餐 培优1 一、1.v.匆忙地吃、喝2.u.保护，庇护3.u.突然发生 4.n.性质，特性 二、1.①B②C2.①B②C③A④D 培优2真题再做 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。20世纪60年代，Bob Christiansen在研究黄石国家公园的火山历史时，对一件以 前从未困扰过任何人的事情感到困惑：他找不到公园里的 火山。 l.D[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Bob Christiansen became,,,the park's volcano”可知，Bob Christiansen对 黄石国家公园的火山的准确位置感到困惑。] 2.A[段落大意题。根据第二段的内容尤其第一句和“a second less known type of.,.a vast hole”可知，该段主 要讲两类火山的形态。] 3.C[词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句和第三句可知， NASA拍摄了黄石国家公园的照片，Christiansen在照 片上看到公园的全景。由此可推知，blow-up意为“放大 的照片”。] 素材积累 (一)1.火山的历史2.堆积3.困惑的所有者4.达到 5.一个大裂缝6.一些新的高空摄像机7.公园管理局 8.远远超出此规模 (二)1.火山2.规模3.完全4.灭绝的5.爆炸的 6.深思的7.假定8.英亩 (三)1.①B②D 2.①A②D 长句缩写 1.Most of us think of the cone shapes.2.The explosion had left a hole. Unit 3 复盘必备知识巧记·课标单词 单词分类记 写作单词 1.frontier 2.billion 3.obviously 4.extent 5.military 6.affair 7.goods 8.commerce 9.boat 10.cash 11.establish 12.comment 13.guideline 14.belong 15.request 16.mobile 17.device 18.quit 19.some- how 20.reveal 21.badminton 22,instant 23.remove 24.scary 拓展单词 1.access accessible 2.majority major minority 3.deliver delivery 4.arrangement arrange 5.aware awareness 6.technical technology 7.upload down- load 8.entertainment entertain 9.addicted addict addiction addictive 10.appreciate appreciation 阅读单词 1.连环：漫画喜剧的2.点击，单击；咔哒声点击，单 击3.按键；纽扣4.食谱；秘诀5.软件6.文件；文件 夹7.电池8.日记；报纸9.歌剧，歌剧院 妙记·核心短语 短语分类记 1.take off 2.to a certain extent 3.at one's fingertips 4.bring up5.above all else6.属于，归…所有7.创 建，建立8.全神贯注看着某物；离某物很近9.飞驰而 过10.撞倒某人，使某人双脚离地 速记·经典句式 1.with all sorts of goods and services provided by electronic commerce 2.have food delivered to you 3.can the Inter- net be 4.Having achieved such success 5.never felt closer to each other ·31 聚集层级突破单词悟讲记 核心单词 l.①accessible②to③Many stations have wheelchair access 2.①are②is③The④in⑤major in English⑥the majority objected to it 3.①for②arrangements③for④arranged⑤have arranged to visit the nearby nursing home 4.①拿开②解除③搬迁④去除⑤摘掉 6(should)be removed from the newspaper 5.①(should)spend②is requested③are requested not to smoke or talk loudly 6.①addiction②to③drinking④addictive ⑤The student is addicted to computer games 间考单词 l.①the②for③In④Instantly 2.①quitting②smoking 3.①it②being made③appreciation④what I appreci- ated in my dad 短语巧突破 l.①belongings②belonging③to④belong to a parti cular group 2.①up②about③aside④out⑤has set up a work ing party 句式精剖析 l.①to choose②taken③working④barking⑤have things explained 2.①is②can③did④did she realize that she had left the contract at home 进阶多维检测 全练透 I.1.frontier 2.button 3.comic 4.established 5.guideline 6.affair 7.battery 8.scary 9.reveals 10.professional II.1.to 2delivered.3.arrangements 4.awareness 5.did 6.waiting 7.Addicted 8.up 9.it 10.stressed Il.1.brought up 2.at our fingertips 3.were glued to 4.taken off 5.set up 6.belonging to 7.To a certain ex- tent 8.above all else IV.1.can your efforts pay off 2.have it repaired 3.going up 4.which greatly aroused their interests 5.making the texts difficult to understand 重落实 I.1.bringing 2.It 3.the 4.unbelievably 5.delivered 6.arrangements 7.in 8,to share 9.However 10.is used Ⅱ.[参考范文] Good morning,everyone! It is my honor to share my opinions on whether robots replacing teachers is a good thing. In my opinion,robots can never be as good as teach- ers.Firstly,a teacher's role is not just to teach,he also looks after the students in the class.Secondly,people are social animals.We like to learn in groups and learn from other people.Thirdly,teachers'ability to inspire is likely to be irreplaceable.Last but not least,while teaching facts and theories is one thing,relating the things you teach to everyday life is quite another.Therefore,it's better to use robots in classrooms as learning tools,not as teachers. Thank you. IlI.1.were all screaming 2.let out a surprisingly loud voice 3.She continued 4.announcing/with an announce ment 培优提能加餐 培优1 一、1.v.考虑2.n.身份3.n.牢房 二1.C2.A3.B