课时冲关20 Unit 4 Living with technology-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（译林版）

课时冲关20 Unit 4 I.阅读理解主题语境：人与社会体裁：说明 In 1835,William Talbot finally succeeded in producing a photograph of his country house.He declared that his was the first house ever known to have drawn its own pic- ture.The drawing was formed "by the action of light upon sensitive paper."Photography offered nature a“pencil”to paint herself through optical(光学的)and chemical means alone. By the mid-nineteenth century,people no longer needed to hire a draftsman to draw de- tailed images because the process could be completed instantly with a camera.Advocates for the technology stated that not only was it more precise than the human hand-it was faster and cheaper. The removal of human fallibility in the creating process was one of photography's biggest selling points,but this also started debates about the new medium's implications for visual culture.Could images made largely by a machine be considered art?If so,where did human creativity fit in this process? As the twenty-first century becomes in- creasingly automated,more and more people attempt to identify where human agency exists in the technologically driven world.Images generated with artificial intelligence by com- panies like OpenAI are stimulating questions like those that emerged with the coming of the photograph.By typing a sentence,users can generate“new”images composed from images collected across the Internet.The result has been a flood of AI-generated images in places that are previously unique to human authors. Painting competitions,commercial graphic de- sign and the fashion of portraiture(肖像) have all since collided(碰撞)with the tech nology in troubling ways. ·3 基础必备选择性必修第二册 Living with technology 文话题：摄影术对视觉文化和艺术创作的影响 The fine arts were thought to be a final hold-out of human creativity,but the surpris- ingly high quality of AI-generated images is producing deeper questions about the nature of originality.If the history of photography tells us anything,it's that the debate won't be settled quickly,straightforwardly,or by the institutions we typically associate with cultur- al gate keeping. 1.Why did Talbot declare that his house had drawn its own picture? A.To downplay human factors in the crea- tion. B.To investigate a supernatural phenome- non. C.To show his advanced knowledge in sci- ence. D.To demonstrate the beauty of his country house. 2.What does the underlined word "fallibility" mean in Paragraph 3? A.Expecting a high price. B.Detailing the images. C.Being likely to make errors. D.Becoming sensitive to light. 3.What do OpenAI and cameras have in com- mon? A.They improve the taste of beauty. B.They advocate fashion designs. C.They challenge human agency. D.They produce original images. 4.What did the author indicate by referring to the history of photography? A.Cultural gatekeepers will solve the issue as they did. B.AI-generated images will go through a similar debate. C.The nature of originality will be held in human hands. D.The fine arts will include photography and AI images. 高考总复习英语(YL) [答题栏]“Ⅱ阅读七选五主题语境：人与自然体裁： 1 Agriculture has come a long way from its 2.ancient beginnings.Long ago,farmers would 3 work hard on their individual plots of land, 4 using simple tools or even their bare hands. II They tended to their crops for many hours 1 2each day so that the crops grew well.1 For example,a single storm could destroy a 3 whole year's work,while a summer of good ---- weather could ensure a good harvest. 5 Modern science and technology have helped to greatly reduce the back-breaking la- bour involved in farming,along with the reli- ance on luck and guesswork.2 Probably one of the most beneficial inno- vations is drip irrigation,which has made it possible to develop big,green farms in the middle of the desert.Simcha Blass,an Israeli scientist,discovered this new way of irrigation in the 1930s.Through this discovery,farmers can now produce crops on dry land without needing much water.3 The limited and focused use of just the right amount of water also denies moisture(水分)to weeds,keeping them from harming the crops. Ⅲ.读后续写 主题语境：人与社会 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开 头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The moment the bell rang,Lek grabbed his school bag and raced towards his destina- tion.When at last he pushed open the door of his parents'restaurant,he could hardly catch his breath. ·33 说明文话题：科学技术在农业中的应用 4 However,what if an area has plen- ty of water,but little usable soil?As it turns out,it is possible to grow plants without using soil at all.With hydroponics(水培)，plant roots are supported by rocks or a fiber mat. Nutrient-rich water is then provided so that the plants can grow.Recent research has cen- tered on vertical hydroponics farming.With a vertical farm,the crops are planted in contain- ers that are piled into plant skyscrapers.5 With such technological advances,the im- age of a farmer pushing a plough will eventu- ally become a thing of the past. A.Luck played a great part in farming. B.Some areas would be too dry to grow crops. C.Drip irrigation deals with a lack of water in an area. D.There have been experiments to make drip irrigation a reality. E.This irrigation method uses far less water than other methods. F.Furthermore,nearly all hydroponic farms partially or fully automated. G.Farmers have benefited greatly from inno- vations in crop production. 体裁：记叙文 话题：河边放水灯 He ran into the kitchen and reached for a pile of banana leaves on the counter.If he hur- ried,he might have time to make his krathong (水k灯)before the celebration started. Tonight was Loy Krathong(水灯节)，the Festival of the Floating Lanterns.In his town, people would send out lighted candles in tiny boats along rivers and canals so that the past year's problems could sail away with them and be replaced with wishes for the new year. As he wrapped the banana leaves around a bamboo base to form his boat,Lek thought about his sister,Katia.She was too sick to float a krathong on the river tonight.Perhaps a wish on Loy Krathong would take away her illness.Maybe then she would be able to laugh the way she used to.He tucked (four red flowers inside the banana leaves and poked three sticks of incense between their blos- soms.In the middle,he placed a tall,white candle.This week,Lek had practiced launch- ing a krathong the way his brother,Fred did. Fred was experienced in launching krathongs and often launched krathongs into the river for each of their customers.Lek had balanced stones on the flat piece of metal at the bottom of a long pole and lowered them into the river until their parents had scolded him for stand- ing too close to the water's edge. When night fell,Lek and Fred made their way outside through the crowd standing under the full moon..Fred stood on the jetty(突堤)， lowering a krathong into the water with his pole.The candlelight danced on the black river as the boat slowly followed the current.A long line of people waited behind Fred.It would take forever before he could help Lek! Lek took matches and lit the candle on his tiny boat.He lowered his krathong toward the wa- ter,stretching to reach its surface. ·38 基础必备选择性必修第二册 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Suddenly,he felt his body shaking on the edge and the krathong dropped from his hand into the dark water. Fred walked towards weeping Lek with a krathong in his hand. 7the best runner you can be.A coach will develop variety in running routes and content,making the whole work- out so enjoyable that you may perform better without e- ven realizing how much distance you covered.(数练可以 帮助你设定节奏，确立现实的和可达成的目标，并训练 你成为最好的跑者。教练会开发多样化的跑步路线和 内容，使得整个锻炼过程如此愉快，以至于你可能会在 不知不觉中表现得更好，甚至没有意识到自己跑了多少 距离。)”可知，E项“在跟团跑步时，你可能会更快地完成 你的个人目标”符合。] 4.A「根据本段的关键信息“When you are part of a club, you can make friends with those sharing the same pas- sion.According to a fitness magazine,runners are known to be a friendly bunch!This offers a sense of be- longing,and after a while,these new partners feel like a warm family and can become lifelong friends.(当你成为 俱乐部的一部分时，你可以与那些分享同样热情的人交 朋友。根据一家健身杂志的说法，跑步者被认为是一个 友好的群体！这提供了一种归属感，过一段时间后，这 些新伙伴感觉就像一个温暖的家庭，可以成为终身的朋 友。)”可知，A项“建立友谊”适合作本段的小标题。 “友 好”只是本段的一个小信息点，故干扰项B项可排除。] 5.D根据本段的小标题Feel safe及空前“When in a group,you will be reminded of possible dangers and if there is an accident,people are there to help you. 一个团队中时，你会被提醒可能存在的危险，如果发生 事故，会有人在那里帮助你。)”可知，D项“这绝对可以给 你一种安全感”符合。D项中的This指代空前的一整 句话。 Ⅲ.[参考范文] Dear Editor, I'm Li Hua,a faithful reader of our school newspaper. Recently,the column "Health Exercise"is inviting sub missions from students for proper exercise during the 30- minute break.Here is my recommendation.Kongzhu,also known as the Chinese yo-yo,works as a diabolo spinning and buzzing like an acrobat on a string.It's a perfect mix of art,culture and exercise I strongly recommend kongzhu as a classroom break activity.Not only does it offer a fun and challenging way to improve hand-eye coordination,it also serves as a powerful tool for stress management.As we navigate the challenges of our academic lives,it's essential to find outlets that pro- mote relaxation and wellness.Kongzhu serves the purpose perfectly.Better yet,it's a window into a rich cultural herit- age,providing us with an opportunity to connect with our roots while enhancing our health. Therefore,I strongly advise our school authorities to consider incorporating kongzhu into our regular breaks. Sincerely yours, Li Hua 课时冲关20 I.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了摄 影术自诞生以来对视觉文化和艺术创作的影响，以及这一 影响如何在人工智能生成图像的当代背景下重演。 l.A[推理判断题。根据文章第一段“He declared that his was the first house...herself through optical and chemical means alone.(他宣称他的房子是已知的第一个 自己画房子的房子。这幅画是‘光在感光纸上的作用’ 形成的。摄影为大自然提供了一支‘铅笔’，仅通过光学 和化学手段为自己作画。)”可知，William Talbot在强调 摄影作为一种新技术，能够通过非人为直接操作的方式 捕捉图像，从而降低了人在创作过程中的介入程度。由 此推知，William Talbot宣称他的房子画了自己的画是 为了淡化创作中的人为因素。 2.C「词义猜测题。根据文章第二段空前“The removal of human(消除人类的)”及空后“in the creating process(在 创造过程中)”可推知，摄影最大的卖点之一是它可以减 少在创作过程中人为错误的可能性。由此可知，划线词 与C项“很可能犯错误”意义相近。] ·41 参考答案 3.C[细节理解题。根据文章第四段“As the twenty-first century becomes...with the coming of the photograph. (随着21世纪自动化程度的不断提高，越来越多的人试 图在技术驱动的世界中确定人类能动性的存在位置 OpenAI等公司利用人工智能生成的图像，正如摄影术 出现时一样，引发了诸多问题。)”可知，OpenAI和相机 的共同之处在于都挑战了人类的能动性。 4.B[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“If the history of photography tells us anything,it's that the debate won't be settled quickly,straightforwardly,or by the institu- tions we typically associate with cultural gate keeping. (如果说摄影的历史告诉了我们什么，那就是这场争论 不会很快、直截了当地得到解决，也不会由我们通常与 文化把关联系在一起的机构来解决。)”可推知，作者提 到摄影的历史是想说明人工智能生成的图像将经历类 似的辩论。」 Ⅱ，[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学技术 在农业中的应用，介绍了滴灌和水培农业及其优点。 1.A [上文“They tended to their crops for many hours each day so that the crops grew well..(他们每天花好几 个小时照料庄稼，以便庄稼长得好。)”指出农民们为了 庄稼长得好，每天要花好几个小时照料庄稼，下文“For example,a single storm could destroy a whole year's work,while a summer of good weather could ensure a good harvest.(例如，一场暴风雨可以毁掉一整年的工 作，而一个好天气的夏天可以保证丰收。)”以具体例子 说明，突发天气状况会影响收成，由此可推知，空处应该 是指出古代农业收成好坏也靠运气，A项“Luck played a great part in farming.(运气在农业中起了很大的作 用。)”符合。] 2.G[上文“Modern science and technology have helped to greatly reduce the back-breaking labour involved in farm- ing,along with the reliance on luck and guesswork. 科学技术大大减少了农业劳动的负担，同时也减少了对 运气和猜测的依赖。)”指出现代科技给农业带来的好 处，空处也应该承接上文，继续描写现代科技给农业带 来的好处，G项“Farmers have benefited greatly from in novations in crop production.(农民从农作物生产的创新 中获益匪浅。)”符合。 3.E [上文“Through this discovery,farmers can now pro duce crops on dry land without needing much water.(i 过这一发现，农民现在可以在旱地上种植作物，而不需 要太多的水。)”指出滴灌的优点，农民不仅可以旱地上 种植，而且不需要太多水，下文“The limited and focused use of just the right amount of water also denies mois- ture (to weeds,keeping them from harming the crops.(有限而集中地使用恰到好处的水量也会使杂草 失去水分，从而防止它们损害庄稼。)”指出滴灌使用有 限而集中的水对农业的好处，由此可知，空处应承接上 文，继续描写滴灌用水少这一优，点，E项“This irrigation method uses far less water than other methods.(这种灌 溉方法比其他方法用水少得多。)”符合。] 4.C[由下文“owever,what if an area has plenty of wa- ter,but little usable soil?As it turns out,it is possible to grow plants without using soil at all.With hydroponics (水培)，plant roots are supported by rocks or a fiber mat.Nutrient-rich water is then provided so that the plants can grow.(但是，如果一个地区有足够的水，但是 可用的土壤很少呢？事实证明，不用土壤也能种植植 物。通过水培，植物的根部由岩石或纤维垫支撑。然后 提供营养丰富的水，这样植物就可以生长。)”的however 可知，空处和下文是对比关系，且结合上段提到用水少 的滴灌可知，空处应该是对上文进行总结，同时和下文 进行对比，即用滴灌能解决缺水地区的农业问题和水培 能解决水多地区的问题做对比，C项“Drip irrigation deals with a lack of water in an area.(滴灌解决了一个地 区缺水的问题。)”特合。] 5.F[上文“Recent research has centered on vertical hy- droponics farming.With a vertical farm,the crops are planted in containers that are piled into plant skyscrap 5 高考总复习英语(YL) ers.（最近的研究集中在垂直水培农业上。在垂直农场 中，农作物被种植在集装箱中，集装箱堆成了摩天大 楼。)”提出最近的研究都在垂直水培农业上，同时描述 了垂直水培农作物的一些情况，空处应该继续描写垂直 水培农作物的一些相关内容，F项“Furthermore,nearly all hydroponic farms partially or fully automated.(此外， 几乎所有的水培农场都部分或全部自动化。)”符合 语境。」 Ⅲ.[参考范文] Suddenly,he felt his body shaking on the edge and the krathong dropped from his hand into the dark water. It rocked on the surface for a moment before tipping on its side.Lek held his breath as the light from the candle flick- ered.Then it disappeared.Lek's throat stiffened,tears flooding his eyes.He nearly lost his balance again as he reached toward the river,but it was no use.The wake splashed against the banana leaves and turned the tiny boat upside down.Lek's tears dropped into the river as he watched Katia's krathong drift beneath the jetty. Fred walked toward weeping Lek with a krathong in his hand.Fred asked,"What's wrong?"Lek explained the whole thing.Having heard this,Fred said,"Lek,let's launch a krathong for Katia together."Lek nodded,wiping his eyes.Under the guidance of Fred,Lek placed the boat on the edge of his pole,and then inched the boat down into the dark water until it floated on the waves and began its journey to the sea.He thought about Katia lying in bed at home and made his own silent wish.The krathong floated into the current,its candle bright as it sailed down the riv- er.Lek and Fred smiled as they listened to the tiny waves lapping the jetty,convinced that their sister would be better and better. 课时冲关21 I.A.[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了 罗马的旅社情况，包括价格、快速了解罗马旅社的事实、旅 游税、旅社所在的区城和周边环境、旅社类型以及入住时 间等信息。 1.C [细节理解题。根据TYPICAL ROME HOSTEL PRICES下的“The cheapest hostels will cost around Eur l8/night--but don't expect very good quality..(最便宜的 旅馆大约是18欧元/晚，但不要指望质量很好。)”以及 QUICK FACTS ABOUT ROME HOSTELS下的 "Tourism Tax:Rome requires all hotels,hostels and a- partment rentals to collect a tourist tax from all guests. It's usually Eur 3.50/night/person so don't be surprised by this extra fee..（旅游税：罗马要求所有酒店、旅馆和出 租公寓向所有客人征收旅游税。通常是3.5欧元/晚/ 人，所以不要对额外的费用感到惊讶。)”可知，如果你在 罗马旅馆住两晚，最低费用是18*2+3.5*2=43 欧元。 2.D[细节理解题。根据QUICK FACTS ABOUT ROME HOSTELS下的“Check-In Times:A lot of hos tels have late check-in times(around 2 p.m.-4 p.m.) but nearly all will let you store your luggage if you arrive before check-in.（入住时间：很多旅社的入住时间较晚 (下午2，点至4点左右)，但如果你提前到达，几乎所有的 旅社都允许你寄存行李。)”可知，大多数罗马旅馆可以 让你在入住之前寄存行李。] 3.A[推理判断题。根据第一段的“Sowe've analyzed each hostel to bring you detailed information about hos- tels in Rome.Click to read more.(因此，我们分析了每 家旅馆，为您带来罗马旅馆的详细信息。点击阅读更 多。)”可知，如果想要了解更多的信息，点击阅读更多。 由此可推知，我们可以在一个网站上读到这篇文章。 B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。大卫·爱登堡不仅 是一位杰出的自然博物学家，还是勇敢无畏的探险家和旅 行家，他被世人誉为“世界自然纪录片之父”。他自1952年 进入BBC工作以后，一直参与主持、创作人与自然的相关 节目。如今97岁高龄的他早已获奖无数，却仍然为保护地 球而奔走奋斗。 ·4 4.D[细节理解题。根据第一段“In the case of TV host and conservationist Sir David Attenborough,he can re- flect on a life of activism in service for our planet.( 视节目主持人、环保主义者大卫·阿滕伯勒爵士为例， 他可以反思为地球服务的激进主义生活。)”和最后一句 "Today,despite his age,he is still an active campaigner for our planet..(今天，尽管他年事已高，他仍然是我们星 球的积极活动家。)”可知，97岁高龄的David Attenbor ough因其积极保护地球的行为而为世人熟知。] 5,D[细节理解题。根据第二段“Since then,he has crea ted and starred in countless programmes which have brought nature closer to viewers around the world. 时起，他创作并主演了无数节目，让世界各地的观众更 接近大自然。)”可知，David Attenborough创办并主演了 很多能拉近自然和观众之间距离的节目。] 6.A[细节理解题。根据第三段“His recent documentary with World Wildlife Fund,David Attenborough:A Life On Our Planet,often returns to a theme which has pre- dominated in Attenborough's later work.He reflects on just how much the environment has changed in his dec- ades of observation and how swiftly time is running out before further serious damage can be prevented.(他最近 与世界野生动物基金会合作的纪录片《大卫·阿滕伯 勒：我们星球上的生命》经常回归到阿滕伯勒后期作品 的主要主题。他反思了在他几十年的观察中，环境发生 了多大的变化，在防止进一步的严重破坏之前，时间是 多么紧迫。)”可知，David Attenborough在A Life On Our Planet中反思几十年来的环境变化，感叹时间飞逝， 如何抓紧时间阻止对地球的损害，可见A Life On Our Planet的特征是保护环境。] 7.B[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even after his97th birthday,he continues to write and speak on preserving the UK and the world for future generations.(即使在他 97岁生日之后，他仍在为子孙后代保护英国和世界而写 作和演讲。)”可知，过完97岁生日的Attenborough仍 然继续为保护地球发声，为下一代付出，可见Attenbor- Ough是一个为事业积极投入，对世界、对下一代负责 的人。 【.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一些缓解旅 游焦虑的有效方法。 l.B[空处为段落小标题，根据后文“To be able to best cope with your travel anxiety,you...plan ahead for the best ways to handle it.(为了能够最好地应对你的旅行 焦虑，你需要对真正导致它的事情有一个很好的理解。 一旦你明白是什么触发了你的焦虑，你就可以提前计划 最好的方法来处理它。)”可推断，本段讲述要理解你的 焦虑的来源，因此推断B项“了解你的焦虑来自哪里 为最佳标题。」 2.GL前文“Plan out your trip details.One of the reasons for your travel anxiety is that you're being taken out of your comfort zone and won't have full control over every- thig.(计划好你的旅行细节。旅行焦虑的原因之一是 你被带出了自己的舒适区，不能完全控制一切。)”建议 要计划好旅行细节，缓解走出舒适区的不舒适带来的焦 虑，因此推断G项“为了帮助缓解这种焦虑的感觉，努力 尽可能详细地计划你的旅行。”符合语境，与标题一致， 承接上文内容。 3.E[根据标题“Make use of different relaxation tech niques..(利用不同的放松技巧。)”可知，本段建议利用不 同的放松技巧放松，因此推断E项“深呼吸是一种被证 明有助于减轻压力的技巧。”符合语境，承接上文举例说 明一种放松技巧—深呼吸。] 4.F[前文“Have things with you that bring you joy. These can include physical items like a book to read,or a game to play.It can be extremely useful in distracting you from your negative feelings.Alternatively,you can create a playlist of songs you love or have your favourite TV show with you.(随身携带能给你快乐的东西。这些 东西可以包括实体物品，比如要读的书，或者要玩的游 戏。这对分散你的消极情绪非常有用。或者，你可以剑 6 ●