课时冲关11 Unit 3 The world online-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（译林版）

00 课时冲关11 Unit 3 I.阅读理解A主题语境：人与社会 体裁 People may form inaccurate impressions about us from our social media posts,finds new Cornell University research that is the first to examine perceptions(认知)of our personalities based on online posts. An analysis of online status updates found great difference between how viewers saw the authors across a range of personality traits,and the authors'self-perceptions. Viewers rated the Internet users on aver- age as having lower self-esteem and being more self-revealing,for example,than the us- ers rated themselves.Status updates contai- ning photos,videos or links in addition to text facilitated more accurate assessments than those with just text the researchers found. Overall,they said,the study sheds light on the dynamic process by which a cyber audi- ence tries to make sense of who we are from i- solated fragments(碎片)of shared informa- tion,jointly constructing our digital identity. "The impression people form about us on social media based on what we post can differ from the way we view ourselves,"said Qi Wang,professor of psychology and director of the Culture Cognition Lab."A mismatch between who we are and how people perceive us could influence our ability to feel connected online and the benefits of engaging in social media interaction.” The Cornell researchers believe their study is the first to investigate audience per- ceptions of social media users through their posts.On platforms,users often share frag- mentary personal narratives while interacting with“friends”they may know only a little or sometimes not at all. ·30 基础必备必修第三册 The world online 说明文话题：根据网络帖子调查人们性格 Interestingly,the study found that online status updates generated perceptions of users that were consistent with cultural standards in offline contexts concerning gender and ethnic- ity-even though viewers were blind to their identities. Wang said the findings could help devel- opers design interfaces that allow people to express themselves most authentically. "If people's view of us is very different from who we actually are,or how we would like to be perceived,”Wang said,“it could harm our social life and well-being. 1.What may your online posts lead to? A.Authentic digital identity. B.Viewer's misjudgment of you. C.Less social media interaction. D.Making more online friends. 2.Which of the following will least reveal your personality? A.A link with text. B.A pure video post. C.A plain text post. D.A text post with photos. 3.Who will be most interested in these find- ings? A.Online web viewers. B.Internet bloggers. C.Computer repairmen. D.Social media developers. 4.What does Wang think of the result of the research? A.Profitable. B.Meaningless. C.Useful. D.Unpractical. 高考总复习英语(YL) [答题栏]“阅读理解B 主题语境：人与社会 I A In the days before the Internet,critical 1.thinking was the most important skill that in- -2.formed citizens could have.To think critical- .y.you need to read carefully,consider the credibility of sources,and reason out conclu- -.4-sions on your own. B But right now,according to Anastasia Kozyreva,a psychologist at the Max Planck .6 Institute of Human Development,and her col- --7leagues,we live in an "attention economy"in 8 which corporations compete for our attention, Ⅱemotion and time.They lure(诱惑)usin with stories that stimulate our emotions while ---2 providing little useful information,all so they 3can expose us to revenue-generating advertise- ments. 4 To protect ourselves from attention ma- ------5.nipulation online,we need to develop new ways of interacting with information.Kozyre- va and colleagues advocate for learning the skill of critical ignoring,and point out that we can practice critical ignoring with the follow- ing tools. The first strategy is self-nudging.This involves avoiding low-quality information so that we have more quality time for ourselves. It also calls for the removal of distracting and hard-to-resist stimuli from the environment around us. Of course,we need to stay informed of world events and in touch with others,so we can't just ignore the Internet altogether.Then when you do go into social media,you'd bet- ter set time limits.Limiting yourself in this way prevents you from losing track of time as you click on one attractive link after another. It's also a good idea not to use Internet time as a reward so that you'll lessen its appeal. Another strategy is lateral reading.It in- volves opening up new browser tabs(标签)to find more about the source of the information, ·3 本裁：说明文 话题：“批判性忽视”的技能 whether it is the site of a mainstream news agency or a lesser-known one,before diving into its contents.Only after consulting the open web can we determine whether expen- ding attention is worth it. Likewise,it's also good to check the source of the information in an Internet post. Headlines are often deceiving.They're de- signed to attract attention,not provide infor- mation.A sensational claim may provide a link with a headline that seems to support it, but a careful reading of the original source shows it doesn't. 5.What does Kozyreva say about "attention economy”? A.It can cause people emotional problems. B.It sacrifices our time and concern for profit. C.It has led to a great variety of advertise- ments. D.It draws people's attention to useful in- formation. 6.What are we advised to do to train our criti- cal ignoring skills？ A.Limit our sources of information. B.Read as many books as possible. C.Control our time on the Internet. D.Get in touch with people around us. 7.What does the underlined word“deceiving” in the last paragraph probably mean? A.Inspiring. B.Entertaining. C.Puzzling. D.Misleading. 8.What does the text mainly talk about? A.How to avoid falling victim to false in- formation. B.How to use the Internet without getting distracted. C.How to practice critical ignoring in the digital age. D.How to find high-quality information on the Internet. 0 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 主题语境：人与社会 Technology is here to stay.1 How ever,they are often unsure how to help chil- dren use technology responsibly and keep a balance between online and offline time.Here are some tips. Have a device usage contract, Having a device usage contract allows parents and children to work through what re- sponsible technology usage looks like in your family and ensure that everyone is aware of compliance(遵守).2 Kids are more likely to make sense of the reasons you have for re- striction. 3 Although this tip seems like common sense,it is often difficult due to the demand of work and the expectation of being constantly connected.By ensuring you build offline time into your own day,they will see the value and benefits.Whether you are reading a book or just taking a walk,letting your children be aware of your offline actions will encourage them to do the same！ Ⅲ.应用文写作（提纲类） 假定你是李华，你的表弟李江写信告诉 你，进人高中后，他经常上网聊天、打游戏。 请你给他写封回信，内容包括以下几点： 1.不赞同他的做法； 2.阐述网络的利弊（至少两点）； 3.提出建议。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计人总 词数。 .31 基础必备必修第三册 体裁：说明文 话题：合理使用电子产品 Encourage non-tech activities. One great way to keep kids off their screens is to ensure that they have other activ- ities to fill their time.4 These activities are also great ways to help children to develop their social skills and confidence. Set aside tech-free family time. Once a week,pencil in a "tech-free family time"in your schedule.It can be a meal or trip.To help increase the success of outings, try designing special activities,such as going to the beach to build a sand castle that looks the same as a photo you have found online.5 A.Set an example for children. B.Communicate with children. C.A little extra planning goes a long way. D.The contract is helpful to the settlement of conflicts. E.Parents are seeing more technology in their homes and jobs. F.Also,drafting the contract together pro- motes understanding. G.This can come in a variety of forms:soc- cer,fencing and more. ……………………………………………… Dear Li Jiang, You mentioned in your letter that Yours, Li Hua 1·和恐慌。空处为句子谓语；根据时间状语“midnight Monday”可知，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过 去时。 2.destruction[考查名词。句意同上。空处和名词 “death”以及“panic'”并列作动词causing的宾语，故填名 词形式destruction,destruction是不可数名词，] 3.were confirmed[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：截 至周二上午10点，甘肃省共确认105人死亡，青海省11 人死亡，数百人受伤。主语“a total of 105”和动词con firm之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“Asof10 am Tues-- day”可知，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时 的被动语态，主语表示复数意义。] 4.has recorded[考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自1900年 以来，距离震中100公里以内的地区发生了7次5级以 上的地震。根据时间状语“Since 1900”可知句子用现在完成 时，主语“area”是名词单数。] 5.to provide[考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，已作出 共同努力向他们提供接助，并尽快恢复该地区的正常状 态。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作 目的状语。」 6.aided[考查非谓语动词。句意：省消防和救援部门已 派出580名救援人员，88辆消防车，12只搜救犬，1万多 套设备前往灾区。句中已有谓语动词has sent,空处应 填非谓语动词；动词aid和逻辑主语rescuers之间为被 动关系，应用过去分词；be aided with“在…的辅助下， 在…帮助下”是固定短语。] 7.wth[考查介词。句意：救援工作正在进行中，省政府 向受灾地区运送了紧急口粮和帐篷。此处是wth的复 合结构“with十宾语十宾补”，在句中作状语。] 8.passing[考查非谓语动词。句意：铁路局暂停了通过 震区的客运和货运列车，并下令对铁路轨道进行安全检 查。动词pass和“cargo trains'”之间是主谓关系，应用现 在分词作后置定语。] 9.where[考查定语从句。句意：在大河家镇，气温骤降 至零下16摄氏度，当地医院的140多名医务人员正忙着 治疗伤者。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词是“Dahejia township”,关系词在从句中作地 点状语，应用关系副词where引导。] l0.accounts[考查名词复数。句意：根据亲历者的描述， 在地震之后，许多病人的亲人无法找到。account'“描述， 叙述”，可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。] 课时冲关11 I,A.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。主要说明了新研究 发现，人们可能会从我们的社交媒体帖子中对我们形成不 准确的印象，这是首次根据网络帖子来调查人们对我们性 格的看法。 l.B[细节理解题。根据第一段“People may form inaccu- rate impressions about us from our social media posts, finds new Cornell University research that is the first to examine perceptions (of our personalities based on online posts.(康奈尔大学的一项新研究发现，人们可能 会从我们的社交媒体帖子中对我们形成不准确的印象 这是首次根据网络帖子来调查人们对我们性格的看 法。)”可知，你在网上的帖子会导致观看者对你的错误 判断。门 2.C[细节理解题。根据第三段“Viewers rated the Inter- net users on average as having lower self-esteem and be- ing more self-revealing,for example,than the users ra- ted themselves.Status updates containing photos,videos or links in addition to text facilitated more accurate as- sessments than those with just text the researchers found.(例如，观看者对互联网用户的平均评价比用户对 自己的评价更低、更自我。研究人员发现，除了文字之 外，包含照片、视频或链接的状态更新比只有文字的状 态更新更有助于准确的评估。)”可知，纯文本帖子不能 暴露你的个性。] ·4( 参考答案 3.D[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Wang said the find- ings could help developers design interfaces that allow people to express themselves most authentically.( 这些发现可以帮助开发人员设计出允许人们最真实地 表达自己的界面。)”可知，社交媒体开发者会对这些发 现最感兴趣。门 4.C[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Wang said the find ings could help developers design interfaces that allow people to express themselves most authentically.(王锐， 这些发现可以帮助开发人员设计出允许人们最真实地 表达自己的界面。)”可知，王认为这项研究的结果是有 用的。] B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在 数字时态，由于信息过载和注意力经济，批判思维不再是 唯一重要的技能，而更为关键的是“批判性忽视”的技能。 5.B[细节理解题。根据第二段“But right now,accord ing to Anastasia Kozyreva,a psychologist...they can expose us to revenue-generating advertisements.”可知， 注意力经济栖牲我们的时间，关注利润。门 6.C[细节理解题。根据第五段“Then when you do go into social media,you'd better...a reward so that you'll lessen its appeal..(然后，当你进入社交媒体时，你最好 设定时间限制。以这种方式限制自己，可以防止你在，点 击一个又一个吸引人的链接时忘记时间。最好不要把 上网时间作为奖励，这样会降低上网的吸引力。)”可知， 为了训练我们的批判性忽视技能，我们应该控制我们在 互联网上的时间。」 T.D[词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“They're designed to attract attention,not provide information.A sensational claim may provide a link with a headline that seems to support it,but a careful reading of the original source shows it doesn't.(它们是用来吸引注意力的，而不是提 供信息的。一个耸人听闻的说法可能会提供一个似乎 支持它的标题链接，但仔细阅读原始来源就会发现事实 并非如此。)”可知，标题往往具有欺骗性。由此可知，de ceiving与misleading“骗人的”意思相近。] 8.CL主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In the days before the Internet,critical thinking was the most important skill that informed citizens could have.To think critical- ly,you need to read carefully,consider the credibility of sources,and reason out conclusions on your own. 联网出现之前的日子里，批判性思雏是知情公民可能拥 有的最重要的技能。要进行批判性思考，你需要仔细阅 读，考虑资料来源的可信度，并自己推断出结论。)”可 知，本文主要介绍了如何在数字时代实践批判性忽视。] Ⅱ.[语篇解读]作者就家长如何帮助孩子恰当地使用电 子产品提出了四条建议。一起来看看吧。 1.E[下一句指出他们往往不确定如何帮助孩子恰当地 使用科技，并在上网时间与离线时间之间保持平衡。E 项（家长们在家里和工作中会看到更多的科技。）引起下 文。下一句中的they指的就是E项中的Parents。] 2.F[上一句指出签订设备使用合同让父母和孩子明确 应该怎样合理使用电子产品，并确保每个人都去遵守， 介绍了签订合同的好处。F项（此外，共同起草合同可以 促进理解。)和上文衔接自然。] 3.A[通读下文内容可知，本段主要指出父母要以身作 则，确保自己每天有离线的时间，以此鼓励孩子也这么 做。A项（为孩子树立榜样。）恰能概括本段内容，适合 作小标题。] 4,G[上一句指出让孩子远离屏幕的一个好方法是确保 他们有其他活动来打发时间。G项（这可以有多种形 式：足球、击剑等。)提到了一些具体的活动，并且下一句 中的These activities指的就是G项提到的活动。] 5.C[根据上文可知，本段建议在计划中留出没有电子产 品的家庭时间，上文举出了相应的例子。因此，C项（一 点额外的计划会大有帮助。)总结上文。] 5 ● 高考总复习 英语(YL) Ⅲ.[参考范文] Dear Li Jiang, You mentioned in your letter that you have spent much time chatting and playing computer games online since you en- tered high school,which I totally disapprove of. There are many advantages of the Internet such as abundant up-to-date information accessible to us,which improves our learning efficiency.Meanwhile,there exist many disadvantages as well.The teenagers addicted to pla- ying computer games or chatting online will be more likely to withdraw from society,which does great harm to physi- cal and mental health. Therefore,I feel it vital for us to limit our use of the Internet and develop a positive attitude towards life.I do hope my advice will be of help. Yours, Li Hua 课时冲关12 I.A[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 科学家发现人工智能记忆存储方式与人脑海马体相似，并 通过模仿大脑记忆机制改进了AI模型的记忆能力，促进 了AI与脑科学的发展。 l.D[细节理解题。根据第二段中“This receptor works like a smart door in our brain that helps with learning and remembering..(这种受体就像我们大脑中的一扇智 能门，帮助我们学习和记忆。)”可知，“NMDA receptor” 是人脑中参与学习和记忆的一部分。] 2.C[推理判断题。根据第三段中“Interestingly,the team found that Transformer,a type of Al model,uses a similar‘guarding'method to manage its memory.(有趣 的是，研究小组发现，Transformer是一种人工智能模 型，它使用类似的‘保护’方法来管理内存。)”可知， Transformer使用了一种类似于保护的特殊方法来管理 其内存。] 3.B[推理判断题。根据第四段中“C.Justin LEE,aneu roscience(神经学)director at the institute,mentioned that this research was a big step forward for both AI and brain science.(C.Justin LEE,该研究所的神经科学主 任表示，这项研究对于人工智能和脑科学都是一个重大 的进展。)”可知，他认为这些研究发现的重要意义在于 这项研究发现推进了AI和神经科学的关键步骤。] 4.D[主旨大意题。根据全文内容及最后一段“So,.in simple terms,scientists have figured out that computers can learn and remember in ways that are surprisingly similar to us,which could help make them even smarter in the future..(所以，简单来说，科学家们已经发现计算 机能够以和我们惊人相似的方式学习和记忆，这可能有 助于它们在未来变得更加智能。)”可知，整篇文章的中 心思想是关于在人工智能和人类记忆之间发现的相似 性，D选项“发现人工智能与人类记忆之间的相似之处。” 准确总结了文章的中心思想。] Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了把 幼儿放在托儿所会对他们今后的社会行为有更好的帮助。 l.G[下文“The study,on the other hand,wanted to test what potential impact formal childcare settings from a young age could have on behaviour.(另外，研究者想要测 验早期正规的儿童保育对儿童的行为还有什么潜在的 影响。)”提到了研究者想研究儿童保育对儿童行为还会 产生什么影响，说明已经有研究表明儿童保育对儿童产 生了影响。G项“之前的研究表明，早期正规的儿童保 育可以提高他们的学习成绩。”与下文语义衔接，符合 语境。门 2.E[下文“Those who had been looked after by a child minder were the most likely to have behavioral issues in both boys and girls,they found..(他们发现，那些由保姆 照看过的孩子无论男女，都最有可能出现行为问题。)” 指出保姆照看孩子的缺点，点明了前文提到的正规的儿 童保育存在优点。E项“这些得到正规保育的小孩在之 后较少出现行为问题。”与下文形成鲜明对比，符合 语境。] ·4( 3.F[上文“Parents were asked a series of questions about their children's behavioral and emotional problems at dif- ferent ages,including any difficulties making friends, hyperactivity,poor attention,conduct,and social skills. (研究人员向家长们询问了一系列关于孩子在不同年龄 段的行为和情绪问题，包括交朋友的困难，多动症，注意 力差，品行差和社交能力差。)”指出了孩子在不同年龄 段的一些行为和情绪问题。F项“他们还被问及他们为 孩子提供了什么样的托儿服务。”与上文承接自然，由a so看出上下文为顺承关系，选项中的questioned呼应上 文的asked。] 4.C[上文“As women began entering the workforce inin creasing numbers from the 1980s,some child develop- ment researchers have found that formal childcare and in- formal childcare appear..(从20世纪80年代开始，随着 越来越多的女性进入劳动力市场，一些儿童发展研究人 员发现，正规的儿童保育和非正规的儿童保育出现 了。)”指出出现了正规的儿童保育和非正规的儿童保 育。下文“Researchers find that overall,children benefi- ted a lot from formal childcare..(研究人员发现，总的来 说，孩子们从正规的儿童保育中受益匪浅。)”指出正规 儿童保育的优点，C项“不正规的儿童看管不利于儿童的 社会调适和情绪调节，”承上启下，与下文描述正规儿童 保育形成对比关系。] 5.D[上文“Girls in particular benefited from the more formal childcare..(女孩尤其受益于更正规的儿童保 育。)”说明与男孩相比，女孩尤其受益于更正规的儿童 保育。D项“研究人员表示，这是因为她们更可能害羞， 紧张或不安。”承接上文，解释了女孩尤其受益于更正规 的儿童保育的原因。] Ⅲ.[写作思路] 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了唐纳德在班级里养 了螳螂卵作为班级宠物，但是几个月过去了，小螳 故 螂还是没有孵化出来。里奇查看螳螂卵后没有盖 好盒子的盖子导致孵出的小螳螂到处都是。在唐 0 纳德的处理下，小螳螂安全回到孵化盒子，比彻老 师让大家把这个事件记录下来，同时，同学们也改 变了对唐纳德的称谓和看法。 写 由第一段首句内容“唐纳德掌控了局势，指挥 里奇去拿画笔和白纸。”可知，第一段可描写唐 续 纳德如何营救螳螂宝宝。 写 段 思 由第二段首句内容“数援成功后，比彻老师请 路 第 全班同学写下这段特殊经历。”可知，第二段可 描写营救成功后全班同学对唐纳德看法的改 变以及感悟。 续写 养螳螂卵当作班级宠物 一长时间没有孵化 突然孵化，震惊全班 一唐纳德冷静处理 一小螳 线索 螂安全得救一 一感悟 「参考范文门 Donald took charge of the situation,directing Richie to get paintbrushes and white paper.Donald took the brush and carefully drove the baby mantises onto the white paper.They were so small that he could injure their legs or body parts.The baby mantises were so small that some of the students brought a magnifying glass to help.With the concerted efforts of everyone,the baby mantises finally re- turned safely to the box. After the success ful rescue,Mrs.Beecher asked the class to write about this special experience.Richie no lon- ger laughed at Donald,and no longer called him "Donnie the Dung Beetle",and deeply admired Donald's calmly han- dling the unexpected things.Donald's profound knowledge left a deep impression on everyone.From this incident, everyone realized the importance of patience,calmness, carefulness and being knowledgeable. 6