课时冲关3 Unit 3 Getting along with others-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（译林版）

高考总复习英语(YL) 课时冲关3 Unit 3 G I.阅读理解A 主题语境：人与社会 One day I typed into ChatGPT all about my upset feelings and it instantly responded, offering a list of practical advice.Nowadays millions of people are already turning to Chat- GPT and specialist therapy (chatbots for convenient and inexpensive mental health support. Some experts say this is a boon.After all,AI,undisturbed by embarrassment and burnout,might be able to express empathy (同理心)more openly and tirelessly than hu mans.But others worry about the conse- quences of people seeking emotional support from machines that can only pretend to care. Some even wonder if the rise of so-called em- pathetic AI might change the way we interact with one another.Indeed,empathy is one of our species'defining qualities,developing as it did in pace with social interaction. One recent analysis about empathy looked at 52 studies published between 1980 and 2019,which shows that the empathiser must first be able to recognize how the other person is feeling.They must also be affected by those emotions and differentiate between themselves and the other person,grasping that the other person's feelings aren't their own while still being able to imagine their ex- perience On the first point,in recent years,AI- powered chatbots have made progress in their ability to read human emotions,most powered by large language models (LLMs)that work by predicting which words are most likely to appear together based on training data.In this ·2 etting along with others 体裁：说明文 话题：聊天机器人 way,LLMs like ChatGPT can seemingly identify our feelings and respond appropriately most of the time.But when it comes to the other criteria,AI still misses the mark in many ways.Empathy is interpersonal,with continued feedback helping to perfect the empathiser's response,which also requires some degree of intuitive(直觉的)awareness of an individual and their situation. All of this helps to explain conversations like the ones I had with ChatGPT.At the end of the day,despite talking to multiple chat- bots online,I did what I knew I had to do all along:I picked up my phone and called a friend. l.What does the underlined word“boon”in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Trap. B.Prize. C.Blessing. D.Challenge. 2.What does the recent analysis show about empathy? A.It calls for clear communication. B.It starts with emotion identification. C.It rules out individual difference. D.It depends on rich imagination. 3.What can AI do according to Paragraph 4? A.Provide data-driven feedback. B.Recognize one's real desire. C.Update large language models. D.Predict one's behavior by intuition. 4.What does the author think of ChatGPT? A.Its development should be sped up. B.Its intelligence is winning more favor. C.Its application should be strictly man- aged. D.Its artificial kindness is no match for humans'. 86 阅读理解B 主题语境：人与自然 体 Most of us likely consider snakes to be cold to others of their kind,just as they are cold to us hu- man beings. But those beliefs are wrong-especially when it comes to garter snakes(袜带蛇)，a new study says.These nonpoisonous creatures,which range from the chilly plains of Canada to the forests of Costa Rica,have special preferences about which snakes they hang out with-in other words,they have“friends..” "All animals-even snake-need to inter- act with others,"says study leader Morgan Skinner,a doctoral candidate in behavioral ecology at Wilfrid Laurier University in Cana- da.To investigate this theory,Skinner car- ried out a novel experiment to assess the per- sonalities and sociability of eastern garter snakes.The results showed that "like us, they seek out social contacts,and they're par- ticular about whom they socialize with,says Skinner. The idea that snakes have close friends may be surprising,but such relationships are increasingly being found throughout the ani- mal kingdom,from bats to elephants.A re- cent analysis of bats showed,for example, that bats and humans both have conditional friendships. Scientists are likely better at discovering friendships among animals now than,say,30 years ago,partly because many societies are more accepting of such a concept,and because researchers have far better tools for gathering and analyzing the data. However,the scientists have no idea what's motivating friendships in garter snakes,though they do know it's not related to reproduction or mating(交配)：The study snakes did not prefer the opposite sex as friends.But such partnerships must be offer- ing some benefit -otherwise the animals ·28 基础必备必修第一册 裁：说明文 [答题栏] 话题：蛇的超强社交智慧与能力 A would not waste the energy forming such bonds.For example,snake friends usually curl up together,which helps them keep heat 2 and defend against natural enemies. 3 Whatever theGordon Burghardt. an evolutionary biologist at the University of B --- Tennessee,the study "should help convince 5------ people that snakes aren't all mysterious lon- ers,but have more social intelligence and a larger social ability than most of us realize." 5.What can we know from the new study? 8 A.Snakes make friends for their next gen-II eration. B.Snakes are kinder to each other than to 2 mankind. C.Snakes have special preferences for their 3.- partners. 4 D.Snakes also need social contacts and 5 close friends. 6.Why can friendships among animals be re- searched better than before? A.Because of the unique experiment by Skin- ner. B.Because of more social support and better equipment. C.More researchers are gathering and ana- lyzing the data. D.More people are changing their attitude toward animals. 7.In which way is snakes'friendship special? A.Snakes'friendship does not last long. B.Snakes prefer the opposite sex as friends. C.Snakes make friends for the benefit of themselves. D.Snakes are not particular about whom to make friends with. 8.What's the main idea of the text? A.Snakes may also have friends. B.Snakes are good at making friends. C.Snakes can live with us peacefully. D.Snakes will never feel lonely. 高考总复习英语(YL) Ⅱ.阅读七选五 主题语境：人与社会 The best thing you can do for yourself is to try to be a better person-and to consciously im- prove yourself and your life.Choosing to"be better will not only make you feel better, but will also bring better people,opportuni- ties,and possibilities into your life.Here are some ways to become a better person. 1 Admit the good,the bad,and the ugly and embrace it.In order to improve as a person,you first have to be really aware of who you are and who you are not. We are not saying that you should give superficial compliments(赞美)，we are saying that you should really compliment someone for something they do or who they are.2 And this little gift will make a difference in their lives. Surprise your friends,your partner,or your children.No matter how old we are,we all love surprises -good ones,of course. And it doesn't have to be a big gesture,some- times a simple message,card,or letter is enough.Be creative! Ⅲ.应用文写作（征文）…… 毕业之际，学校英文报开展“照片里的高 中故事”征文活动。请你选一张记录自己校园 生活精彩瞬间的照片，并为该照片写一段英文 解读，内容包括： 1.照片介绍； 2.个人感悟。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；开头已给出， 不计入总词数； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 ·28 体裁：应用文 话题：成为更好的人 Creating something that other people can benefit from is priceless.Whether craft or business,whether blog or book,whether spe- cial food or an entire restaurant.3 4 Give up bad habits and replace them with good ones.If you can't give up your bad habits right away,start small until you can really get rid of them. Is there a person that hurt you in the past,and you still are mad at the person or don't talk to him or her?5 Can we devel- op compassion in any form by dealing with it? A.Lots of people want to feel valued. B.One man's meat is another man's poison. C.Smoking,gossiping,or judging-please don't! D.Can we leave behind the pain or misunder- standing？ E.To become a better person,one must al- ways be true to oneself. F.Can you give a hand to people that you are not so familiar with? G.Keep thinking about how you can add value to your community. This photo is about空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指事物，用what 引导。] 13.C[考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰和我都知道我们 不应该把一个人的衣服和他的内在混为一谈。A.watch 观看；B.judge评判；C.mistake误会，误解；D.consider考虑。 mistake..for..把…错当成…，固定搭配。根据“a person's clothes for the real person within them”可知这里意 思是约翰和我都知道我们不应该把一个人的衣服和他的 内在混为一谈。 14.B[考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，为世人树立优秀 的标准，在思想、语言和行为上践行优秀的标准，使内 外接轨，这也很有意义。A.do做；B.wear穿着； C,speak说话；D.show展示。由上下文语境可知，作者 讨论的是穿着问题，故用wear。] 15.D[考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.compare比 较；B.fill填满，满足；C.mix混合；D.match匹配。 match..with·和…匹配…，固定搭配。根据 “what is on the inside with what is on the outside..”可 知这里意思是使内外匹配，这很有意义] Ⅲ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《简· 爱》这本书。 1.Written[考查非谓语动词。句意：这部小说由夏洛 蒂·勃朗特创作，讲述了一个贫穷的年轻女子简·爱克 服逆境找到爱情和独立的故事。分析句子结构可知，句 子中已经有谓语动词，空格处需要填入非谓语动词，逻 辑主语this novel与动词write之间为动宾关系，所以需 要用过去分词形式作状语。故填Written。] 2.to find[考查非谓语动词。句意：这部小说由夏洛蒂· 勃朗特创作，讲述了一个贫穷的年轻女子简·爱克服逆 境找到爱情和独立的故事。分析句子结构可知，定语从 句中已经有谓语动词，因此空格处需要填入非谓语动 词，此处表示的是目的，所以用动词不定式形式。故填 to find。] 3.o[考查介词。句意：简·爱强烈的自我价值感和独立 感使她具有吸引力，而她对罗切斯特先生的爱为故事增 添了深度。add..to.,为固定短语，表示“增加”；此处 表示增添了深度。故填t0。] 4.elegant[考查形容词。句意：勃朗特的写作风格优雅而 有趣，将读者带入简的世界，并让他们沉浸在桑菲尔德 庄园和约克郡的丰富细节中。空格处位于be动词之后， 因此需要填入形容词作表语；elegance的形容词为ele- gant,意为“优雅的”。故填elegant。] 5.creating[考查非谓语动词。句意：小说大气的描写和 生动的意象使故事栩栩如生，创造了一种引人入胜的阅 读体验。句子中已经有谓语动词，因此需要填入非谓语 动词，小说的描写和意象使故事糊栩如生，自然而然的 结果是创造一种引人入胜的阅读体验，所以空处应用现 在分词形式作结果状语。故填creating。] 6.exploration[考查名词。句意：《简·爱》最令人难忘的 一个方面是它对人物复杂的内心斗争的探索。空格处 位于形容词性物主代词之后，因此需要填入名词，x plore的名词为exploration表示“探索”，为不可数名词。 故填exploration。] 7.ts[考查代词。句意：《简·爱》最令人难忘的一个方 面是它对人物复杂的内心斗争的探索。空格处位于名 词之前，因此需要填入形容词性物主代词ts,表示“它 的”。故填its。」 8.that/which[考查定语从句。句意：总的来说，《简· 爱》是一部永恒的杰作，继续吸引着各个年龄段的读者。 分析句子结构可知，空格处为定语从句的连接词，且在 从句中作主语，先行词为“an everlasting masterpiece”表 示事物，所以用that或者which引导从句。故填that或 者which。] 9.a[考查冠词。句意：它强有力的主题，令人难忘的人 物，引人入胜的故事，使它成为任何想要一本令人难忘 的小说的人的必读之作。空格处位于单数可数名词之 ·39 参考答案 前，所以需要填入冠词，且表示泛指，应用不定冠词，空 格后的单词首字母发音为辅音，所以用不定冠词a。故 填a。] l0.has left[考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：迄今为 止，《简·爱》留下了不朽的遗产，激发了无数电影、电视 和戏剧的改编。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入谓 语动词，句子的状语为so far,所以句子使用现在完成 时，句子的主语为Jane Eyre,为单数，所以助动词用 has。故填has left。 课时冲关3 I,A.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 AI聊天机器人在提供心理支持方面的利弊，以及与人类真 正同理心的差距。 l.C[词义猜测题。根据第二段的“After all,AI,undis- turbed by embarrassment and burnout,might be able to express empathy(同理心)more openly and tirelessly than humans.”可知，这里提到人工智能因为不受尴尬和 疲惫的影响，可能在表达同理心上比人类更开放、不知 疲倦，因此对于某些专家来说，这是人工智能在心理健 康支持方面的优势，是一种好事。所以boon在这里意为 “好事，益处”。] 2.B[细节理解题。根据第三段的“One recent analysis about empathy looked at 52 studies published between 1980 and 2019,which shows that the empathiser must first be able to recognize how the other person is feel- ig.”可知，关于同理心的最近分析表明，同理心的首要 条件是能够识别另一个人的感受。] 3.A[细节理解题。根据第四段的“On the first point,.in recent years,AI-powered chatbots have...seemingly identify our feelings and respond appropriately most of the time.”可知，人工智能如ChatGPT能够识别我们的 情感并做出适当的反应，这是基于大量语言模型对数据 的预测能力，即能够提供数据驱动的反馈。 4.D[推理判断题。根据第四段的“But when it comes to the other criteria,AI still misses...some degree of intui- tive(直觉的)awareness of an individual and their situa- tion.”以及最后一段的“At the end of the day,despite talking to multiple chatbots online,I did what I knew I had to do all along:I picked up my phone and called a friend..”可知，作者在与多个聊天机器人交谈后，最终还 是选择给朋友打电话寻求情感支持。这表明，虽然 ChatGPT能提供一定的帮助，但在作者看来，它的人工 善意仍然不能与真实的人类情感交流相比。由此可推 知，作者认为它的人工善意无法与人类的相比。] B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。新研究表明发现，蛇 并不像我们通常所认为的冷漠，它们也有朋友，比我们想 象中拥有更多的社交智慧和更强大的社交能力。 5.D[推理判断题。根据第三段“‘All animals-一even snake-need to interact with others,'says study leader Mor- gan Skinner(研究负责人摩根·斯金纳说，‘所有的动 物一甚至蛇—都需要与其他人互动')”和“The re- sults showed that 'like us,they seek out social contacts, and they're particular about whom they socialize with,'says Skinner.(结果表明，像我们一样，它们（蛇）寻求社会联系， 而且它们对与谁交往很挑别。)”可知，这项新的研究表明， 这些蛇类也像我们人类一样需要社会交流，需要选择它 们的社交伙伴，也就是说它们也有朋友和友谊。门 6,B[细节理解题。根据第五段“..partly because many societies are more accepting of such a concept,and be- cause researchers have far better tools for gathering and analyzing the data(与30年前相比，现在的科学家可能更 善于发现动物之间的友谊，部分原因是许多社会更能接 受这样的概念，也因为研究人员有更好的工具来收集和 分析数据)”可知，由于有了更多的社会支持和更好的设 备，动物之间的友谊能得到更好的研究。] 5 高考总复习英语(YL) 7.C[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“.·such partner- ships must be offering some benefit-otherwise the ani- mals would not waste the energy forming such bonds. (这样的伙伴关系必须能带来一些好处，否则它们就不会 浪费精力来建立这样的关系。)”可知，蛇的友谊特殊之处在 于蛇交朋友是为给自己带来好处。] 8.A[主旨大意题。本文主要是介绍一项新的研究发现， 大多数人以往对蛇类动物那种冷漠的传统观念是错误 的，它们也像人类一样拥有朋友。] Ⅱ.[语篇解读]这是一篇应用文。文章指出成为更好的 人好处良多，并给出了一些具体方法。 l.E[文章第一段以“Here are some ways to become a better person..(这里是一些成为更好的人的方法。)”可 知，接下来的段落都是如何成为更好的人的不同方法。 本段缺少主题句，空白后的两句话“Admit the good,the bad,and the ugly and embrace it.In order to improve as a person,you first have to be really aware of who you are and who you are not..(承认好的、坏的以及丑陋的一 面并坦然接受。它们为了成为更好的人，你首先必须真 正意识到自己是怎样的人、不是怎样的人。)”可知，本段 的主题是承认自己、接纳自己，E选项“要成为一个更好 的人，就必须总是忠实于自己。”符合这一主题，适合作 为主题句。] 2.A[由空白前句“We are not saying that you should give superficial compliments(赞美)，we are saying that you should really compliment someone for something they do or who they are.(我们并不是说你应该给出肤浅的赞 美，我们是说你应该为某些人做的事或他们的为人而真 心赞美他们。)”推知本段主题是真心赞美他人。A选项 “许多人都想感受到被尊重。”承接前文，且与下一句中 的this little gift对应。] 3.G[本段主题为“创造一些其他人能从中受益的东西是 无价的”，空白前句列举了“Whether craft or business, whether blog or book,whether special food or an entire restaurant..(无论是一门手艺或生意，博客或书籍，还是 特色食品或一家饭店。)”，G选项“保持思考你怎样能给 社区增加价值。”中的add value to your community正对 应了列举的这些例子的作用，切合段落主题。」 4.C[由空白后句“Give up bad habits and replace them with good ones.(放弃坏习惯并用好习惯取代之。)”可知 本段讲的方法是戒除坏习惯，C选项“抽烟、说三道四或 是指指点点一请别这样做！”符合本段主题，适合作为 主题句。] 5.D[空白前后句分别是两个问句，分别询问“是否有人 曾伤害过你、你还对他怀恨在心”以及“通过处理这些我 们能否发展出任何形式的同情心”，D选项“我们能不能 抛下伤痛和误解？”符合句式特，点，三个问句在逻辑层次 上也是递进的，共同表达“放下芥蒂、原凉过去”的段落 主题。] Ⅲ.[参考范文] This photo is about the most memorable moment in my high school life,when we celebrated our friend's birth- day in the school library.It was taken during a break be- tween classes.We sneaked into the library to enjoy some cake.Looking at this photo,I am reminded of the warmth we shared.High school life was not just about studies;it was also about these small moments of joy that we created together.This picture captures the happy time that we spent in high school. 课时冲关4 I,[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了影响 鸡蛋外观的因素以及蛋黄的颜色在世界各地差别很大。 l.B[推理判断题。根据第一段“There''s a large number of questions and concerns about the appearance of eggs. Any slight cloud,strange white wrinkles,different col- ·39 ored shell,or red spots,and we take pause.In fact, they're all perfectly safe to eat,and don't even substan- tially change the taste.(人们对鸡蛋的外观有很多疑问 和担忧。任何轻微的阴影，奇怪的白色皱纹，不同颜色 的外壳，或红色的斑点，我们都会停下来。事实上，它们 吃起来都非常安全，甚至不会显著改变味道。)”可知，人 们如此关注鸡蛋的外观是因为与食品安全有关。] 2.A[推理判断题。根据第二段“One odd occurrence: Seeing a completely white or incredibly light-yellow yolk (蛋黄).Often,it is enough to drive you to Google search or call your mom to double-check if it's OK to consume.(一个奇怪的现象：看到一个完全白色或令人 难以置信的淡黄色的蛋黄。通常情况下，这足以驱使你 去谷歌搜索或打电话给你妈妈确认是否可以吃。)”可 知，碰到白色的蛋黄人们会去谷歌搜索或打电话给妈妈 确认是否可以吃，可得出人们认为白色的蛋黄是不正 常的。门 3.A[细节理解题。根据第三段“The color of your egg yolk depends on the feed of the chickens.In the U.S. chickens typically eat a diet of yellow corn,and the pig- ments (from the plant make their way into the egg yolks.Those pigments are also what give chicken skin and fat its yellowish color.If the chicken happens to eat more white corn than yellow,the yolk will be paler as well.(蛋黄的颜色取决于鸡的饲料。在美国，鸡通常以 黄色玉米为食，玉米中的色素会进入蛋黄。这些色素也 是使鸡皮和脂肪呈现黄色的原因。如果鸡肉碰巧吃的 白玉米比黄玉米多，蛋黄也会更浅。)”可知，母鸡吃的食 物对蛋黄的颜色影响最大。] 4.C[推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the U.S.,many people falsely associate darker yolks with happier hens or higher nutrition.Farmers can easily manipulate the chicken feed to include carrots,alfalfa (powder, or red seeds to determine the color of their chickens egg$.(在美国，许多人错误地将深色蛋黄与更快乐母鸡 或更高的营养联系在一起。农民可以很容易地操纵鸡 饲料，加入胡萝卜、首蓿粉或红色种子，以确定他们的鸡 蛋的颜色。)”可知，农民要在鸡的饲料中加入首蓿粉或 红籽是为了提高鸡蛋的吸引力，让消费者购买。] Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是说明文。讲述了一种处理吃完贝 类留下的贝壳的方法，把贝壳重新扔回水道，不仅有经济 效益，而且对环境有益。 l.E[上文“When we eat some popular kinds of shellfish, we leave behind large amounts of shells.However,these shells are no longer thrown into waste containers. 们吃一些受欢迎的贝类时，我们会留下大量的贝壳。然 而，这些贝壳不再被扔进废物箱。)”说明贝壳不再被扔 进垃圾桶，下文“In the U.S.,shells cast aside in restau rants and other businesses are being collected,cleaned and thrown back into waterways,（在美国，扔在餐馆和 其他商业的贝壳正在被收集、清理，然后扔回水路。)”说 明丢弃的贝壳被扔回水里，因此推断E项“现在有几个 项目旨在将它们重新投入水路。”符合语境，承上启下。] 2.C[上文“In the U.S.,shells cast aside in restaurants and other businesses are being collected,cleaned and thrown back into waterways..(在美国，扔在餐馆和其他 商业的贝壳正在被收集、清理，然后扔回水路。)”说明丢 弃的贝壳被扔回水里，下文“The shells were put into the state's Mullica River and help form new or expanded oyster groups.Free-floating baby oysters connect to the shells and grow on them.(这些贝壳被放入该州的穆里 卡河，帮助形成新的或扩大的牡蛎群。自由漂浮的小牡 蛎与贝壳相连，并在它们上面生长。)”举例说明这些丢 弃的贝壳扔回水道的用处，空格处也应是讲述被扔回水 道的贝壳的用处，因此推断C项“这些贝壳为海洋生物 提供了一个新的居住地。”符合语境。] 6