专题1 四选一阅读 第3节 热考点练模拟 同源高考主题集训(2)-【创新大课堂】2026年高考二轮英语专题复习

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考阅读理解核心考点，涵盖细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测及主旨大意，精选旅游、人物、科技、环保四大主题语篇，按高考命题规律系统组织考点。通过语篇解读梳理结构，题目解析指导方法，真题训练强化应用，助力学生突破阅读难点，提升解题针对性。 资料以“同源高考主题”为亮点，模拟题贴近新课标卷实战要求，词语积累模块提升语言能力。如推理判断题引导学生分析上下文逻辑（如第3题通过城堡介绍推断目标读者），培养思维品质。限时35分钟训练及分层题目设计，保障复习效率，为教师把控节奏、学生提升应考能力提供有力支持。

同源高考主题集训(二) (限时35分钟) A (2025·四川南充三模·主题同源2025新课标Ⅱ卷A) Amazing Castles in Spain: Four of the Best The Alcázar of Segovia Fans of old Disney movies will know what Snow White's castle looks like.But did you know that it's said to be based on a real castle in Spain — the Alcázar of Segovia? This castle is almost the shape of the front of a ship — built on a rock between two rivers.First used by the Romans, its location made it a very difficult place to attack.It's one of thousands of amazing castles in Spain. Bellver Castle Many people visit Mallorca for its bars and beaches, but if you're on this island, take a trip to Bellver Castle, just outside the main city of Palma.This 14th century castle is known for the large ring at its center, something that is unusual in European castles.People can also walk around the top of the central ring, which offers views of the castle below, as well as over the town and out to sea. The Alhambra One of the most popular places in the country to visit, Granada's Alhambra is a fortress(堡垒)built by the North Africans who ruled Spain for more than seven centuries.Visitors love the palaces inside known as the Palacios Nazaries, with their beautiful wooden ceilings.Travel website Lonely Planet says these palaces are the most beautiful Islamic buildings in Europe. Coca Castle From far away, this castle in central Spain looks a little like a wedding cake—if wedding cakes were brown­brick and in the Gothic style.This castle isn't on the top of a hill but on flat land—it was protected instead by a deep moat(护城河).It's not too difficult to get to by car from Madrid, the Spanish capital. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了西班牙四大特色城堡的历史与特色，包括阿卡萨尔堡、贝尔维尔堡、阿尔罕布拉宫和科卡城堡，各具魅力，吸引游客探索。 1．What can people do in Bellver Castle? A．Watch old Disney movies. B．Enjoy the wooden ceilings inside. C．Have a good time on the beaches. D．Walk around a large ring to enjoy views. D　[细节理解题。 根据Bellver Castle标题下“People can also walk around the top of the central ring, which offers views of the castle below, as well as over the town and out to sea.(人们还可以在中心环的顶部漫步，那里可以看到下面的城堡，也可以俯瞰城镇和大海。)” 可知，在Bellver Castle，人们可以绕着中心的大环行走，欣赏城堡下方、城镇以及海上的景色。故选D。] 2．What do The Alcázar of Segovia and Coca Castle have in common? A．They were built by the Romans. B．They were made of brown brick. C．They have distinctive appearance. D．They are on the top of mountain. C　[细节理解题。根据The Alcázar of Segovia标题下的“This castle is almost the shape of the front of a ship — built on a rock between two rivers.(这座城堡几乎是一艘船的前部形状——建在两条河流之间的岩石上。)”以及Coca Castle标题下的“From far away, this castle in central Spain looks a little like a wedding cake—if wedding cakes were brown­brick and in the Gothic style.(从远处看，这座位于西班牙中部的城堡有点像婚礼蛋糕——如果婚礼蛋糕是棕色砖砌的哥特式风格的话。)”可知，它们都有独特的外观，这是它们的共同之处。故选C。] 3．Who will most probably be interested in the passage? A．Those who like to surf the Internet. B．Those who intend to take boat trips. C．Those who are keen on natural landscape. D．Those who plan to visit different buildings. D　[推理判断题。 根据标题“Amazing Castles in Spain: Four of the Best(西班牙的神奇城堡：四大最佳城堡)”以及全文可知，本文主要介绍了西班牙的几座著名城堡，包括它们的历史背景、建筑特色和一些旅游亮点。由此可推知，对于那些对探访不同的建筑物，尤其是具有历史文化价值的城堡感兴趣的人来说，这篇文章会非常有吸引力。故选D。] B (2025·河北衡水三模·主题同源2025新课标Ⅱ卷B) The playground at Garfield High School in East Los Angeles was wet from the morning's rain.But the bad weather didn't keep the Garfield graduates from gathering there to show their support for their former teacher, Jaime Escalante, who was in the end stages of cancer. Although the Bolivian­born teacher, who inspired the 1988 movie Stand and Deliver, did not become a household name after Hollywood put his remarkable story on screen, he possessed a gift of inspiring his students to see themselves not as they were but as they could be. “To make it，” Escalante used to tell his students, “you need ambition.” Ambition was Escalante's battle cry, not just in motivating his students.He also kept pushing it to the administrators and teachers.Stand and Deliver shows the tension perfectly in a scene：When Escalante announces that he wants to teach calculus(微积分)and advanced math at Garfield High School, the other teachers think it's a joke, since Garfield is a school where the poor, hardened street kids are not even supposed to master mathematics. Escalante admitted in an interview that Stand and Deliver was 90 percent truth, 10 percent drama.His biggest complaint was that the movie left the impression that his students mastered advanced mathematics overnight. “The fact is that the kids ate, slept and lived mathematics，” Escalante said.“They arrived an hour before school and stayed two hours after school.They studied on Saturdays and during summer vacations.” Some parents hated it too, and they let Escalante know it.In 1991, Escalante resigned, in part, because he was tired of the run­ins with those parents and his fellow teachers. “But I want to be remembered as a teacher who sees potential everywhere，” he said.“You can't be a good teacher unless you see the potential in every student.” That's what made Jaime Escalante such a great teacher. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名教师杰米·埃斯卡兰特如何激励学生挑战数学、突破自我，并坚持教育信念的感人故事。 4．What did Escalante's fellow teachers think of his plan? A．Praise­worthy. B．Unambitious. C．Unrealistic. D．Motivating. C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“When Escalante announces that he wants to teach calculus(微积分)and advanced math at Garfield High School, the other teachers think it's a joke, since Garfield is a school where the poor, hardened street kids are not even supposed to master mathematics.(当埃斯卡兰特宣布他想在加菲尔德高中教授微积分和高等数学时，其他老师认为这是个笑话，因为加菲尔德是一所贫困、粗野的街头孩子都被认为连数学无法掌握的学校)” 可推知，埃斯卡兰特的同事们觉得在这样的学校教微积分和高等数学是不切实际的，认为他的计划不现实。故选C。] 5．What can we say about Stand and Deliver? A．It has played down the students' efforts. B．It has brought in donations for the teacher. C．It has helped the teacher become a national star. D．It has ignored the challenges faced by the teachers. A　[细节理解题。根据第五段中“His biggest complaint was that the movie left the impression that his students mastered advanced mathematics overnight.(他最大的抱怨是这部电影给人的印象是他的学生一夜之间就掌握了高等数学)” 以及第六段““The fact is that the kids ate, slept and lived mathematics，” Escalante said.“They arrived an hour before school and stayed two hours after school.They studied on Saturdays and during summer vacations.”(埃斯卡兰特说：“事实是，孩子们吃饭、睡觉，生活中处处都是数学。他们每天比上学时间早到一小时，放学后还会待上两小时。他们在周六学习，在暑假也学习。”)” 可知，电影淡化了学生们付出的努力。故选A。] 6．Which of the following best explains “run­ins” underlined in paragraph 7? A．Formal discussion of an issue. B．Joint effort towards a shared aim. C．Regular meeting with someone. D．Serious disagreement or argument. D　[词句猜测题。根据第七段 “Some parents hated it too, and they let Escalante know it.In 1991, Escalante resigned, in part, because he was tired of the run­ins with those parents and his fellow teachers.(一些家长也讨厌这种(教学)方式，并且他们让埃斯卡兰蒂知道了这一点。1991年，埃斯卡兰特辞职了，部分原因是他厌倦了与那些家长和同事的run­ins)”，结合前文提到家长讨厌，可推断这里的 “run­ins” 指的是严重的分歧或争论。故选D。] 7．According to the text, Jaime Escalante is a great teacher because ________． A．he is good at communication B．he sees potential in every student C．he is very patient with the students D．he can create a competitive atmosphere B　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But I want to be remembered as a teacher who sees potential everywhere，” he said.“You can't be a good teacher unless you see the potential in every student.”(“但我希望被人们记住是一个能在各处看到潜力的老师，”他说。“除非你看到每个学生的潜力，否则你不可能成为一名好老师。”)以及最后一段“That's what made Jaime Escalante such a great teacher.(这就是杰米·埃斯卡兰特成为一名伟大教师的原因)” 可知，杰米·埃斯卡兰特是一位伟大的老师，因为他看到每个学生的潜力。故选B。] C (2025·广东清远三模·主题同源2025新课标Ⅱ卷C) Indoor gardening offers all the same benefits as a garden in the ground outside.Namely, fresh food and a low environmental impact.But not everyone has the natural space for a garden, which is where indoor planting comes in for the win.While there are many systems and techniques you can apply inside the home, PICO stands out as a flexible option that you can place anywhere and still achieve growing success. Most indoor plants need to be located near a window for light.Often this means taking up limited tabletop or bookcase space.PICO is different because, while setting it on a tabletop is an option, it can also be fixed to many other surfaces, such as a refrigerator or desk, wall, windows, mirrors, etc.There are also three color options to match nearly any decoration. The unit comes fully put together.All you have to do is add a bit of soil and a few of your favorite seeds.Watering is stable and consistent with a water tank and easy­fill opening.A transparent(透明的)window in the front allows you to easily see when more water is needed, typically about once each week.From there, the system automatically draws water from the tank through the soil, using an on­demand system that refills water as the soil dries out. With location and watering figured out, the last major component for successful indoor growth is proper lighting.PICO is equipped with a multi­spectrum(多光谱)growing light that conveniently extends from the planter design.As your plant grows, the light extends up to one foot higher for consistent light. While PICO is not intended to provide large quantities of food, its automatic functions and flexible placement make it an option for growing readily available vegetables and visually pleasing mini flowers.PICO is currently trending on a Kickstarter crowdfunding campaign that will close on May 17th.To support this innovative indoor gardening solution, interested customers can back the project now.Shipments are expected to begin immediately after the campaign concludes. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了室内种植设备PICO，它安装位置多样、组装及浇水便捷，光照系统可随植物生长高度进行调节，是爱好园艺的空间有限者的不二选择。 8．What distinguishes PICO from other indoor gardening systems? A．It allows for soilless growing. B．It offers large­quantity production. C．It permits various positioning options. D．It guarantees a low environmental impact. C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“PICO stands out as a flexible option that you can place anywhere(PICO作为一种灵活的选择脱颖而出，你可以将它放置在任何地方)”以及第二段中的“PICO is different because, while setting it on a tabletop is an option, it can also be fixed to many other surfaces, such as a refrigerator or desk, wall, windows, mirrors, etc.(PICO的不同之处在于，虽然可以将其安装在桌面上，但它也可以固定在许多其他表面，如冰箱或桌子、墙壁、窗户、镜子等。)”可知，PICO可以安装在室内多种位置，这使它在室内园艺系统中脱颖而出。故选C。] 9．What information is provided by PICO's front window? A．Seed condition. B．Water­filling time. C．Plant­growth rate. D．Soil nutrient amount. B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A transparent(透明的)window in the front allows you to easily see when more water is needed, typically about once each week.( 前面有一个透明的窗口，你可以很容易地看到什么时候需要更多的水，通常是每周一次。)”可知，透明窗口能让人们轻易看到什么时候需要更多水，也就是告知加水时间。故选B。] 10．What is special about PICO's lighting system? A．It can change colors. B．It depends on the sun. C．It can be adjusted in height. D．It is removable from the planter. C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“PICO is equipped with a multi­spectrum growing light that conveniently extends from the planter design.As your plant grows, the light extends up to one foot higher for consistent light(PICO 配备了一个多光谱生长灯，它可以从种植器上延伸出来。随着你的植物生长，灯光可向上延伸一英尺，以提供持续稳定的光照)”可知，PICO配备的多光谱生长灯可随着植物生长升高，即它的高度可以调节。故选C。] 11．What is the main purpose of this text? A．To show how to use PICO. B．To present PICO's special features. C．To attract buyers for a new product. D．To explain indoor gardening's popularity. B　[推理判断题。文章主体部分详细介绍了 PICO的三个特殊功能：第二段介绍了其位置灵活性(“it can also be fixed to many other surfaces”)，第三段详述了自动浇水系统(“the system automatically draws water from the tank”)，第四段描述了可调节照明设计(“the light extends up to one foot higher”)。这些内容占据了文章约80%的篇幅，表明作者的主要目的是展示PICO的特殊功能特点。故选B。] D (2025·四川泸州三模·主题同源2025新课标Ⅱ卷D) When I order food for delivery, I often play a little game, wondering how many sets of cutlery(餐具)the restaurant will include with my meal.More often than not, restaurants go overboard.They throw in two, three, or even four sets, even though I rarely need any.This extra cutlery either ends up in the trash or collecting dust in a kitchen drawer, which is such a waste. Chinese tech giant Alibaba and its researchers came up with a simple solution to this common problem.Instead of mindlessly handing out cutlery, they made a change to their food­delivery app.In select cities in China, customers now have to choose how many sets of cutlery they actually want from the restaurant.And guess what? The default(默认)option is set to zero.The results, published in the journal Science，were astonishing.There was a whopping 648% increase in the number of orders with no cutlery requested.If this approach were rolled out across China, researchers estimated that it could save nearly 22 billion sets of plastic cutlery and reduce 3.26 million metric tons of plastic waste. This study really opened my eyes.It shows that there are so many low­hanging_fruits in our economy that can help cut waste and emissions.For Alibaba, this “nudge” to customers cost them nothing more than a few hours of software engineering time.But the impact? It was huge. The concept of “nudging” is fascinating.Nudge theory suggests that small, subtle signals can encourage people to do the right thing.There's no need for strict policies that limit choices or economic punishments.For example, a restaurant could list healthy options at the top of the menu to nudge customers towards making healthier choices. Some might see this study as just another example of putting the onus(责任)on consumers for environmental issues, similar to the plastic straw debate.But I look at it differently.In the absence of comprehensive environmental policies, companies like Alibaba can play a crucial role in driving widespread changes in consumer behavior. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了阿里巴巴通过顾客决定餐具的数量解决餐具浪费问题，解释了背后的原理。 12．What is the aim of the author's game when ordering food for delivery? A．To calculate the cost of the cutlery. B．To test the service quality of the restaurant. C．To pass the time while waiting for the food. D．To guess the number of cutlery sets provided. D　[推理判断题。根据第一段“When I order food for delivery, I often play a little game, wondering how many sets of cutlery(餐具)the restaurant will include with my meal.More often than not, restaurants go overboard.They throw in two, three, or even four sets, even though I rarely need any.This extra cutlery either ends up in the trash or collecting dust in a kitchen drawer, which is such a waste.(当我点外卖的时候，我经常玩一个小游戏，想知道餐馆会给我提供多少套餐具。通常情况下，餐馆会做得过火。他们会提供两套，三套，甚至四套，尽管我很少需要。这些多余的餐具要么被扔进垃圾桶，要么被放在厨房抽屉里积灰，这是一种浪费。)”可知，当订餐时，作者游戏的目的是猜测提供的餐具套的数量。故选D。] 13．What is Alibaba's solution to the cutlery waste problem? A．Charging extra for cutlery. B．Designing new food­delivery apps. C．Letting customers decide cutlery quantity. D．Encouraging restaurants to offer less package. C　[细节理解题。根据第二段“Instead of mindlessly handing out cutlery, they made a change to their food­delivery app.In select cities in China, customers now have to choose how many sets of cutlery they actually want from the restaurant.(他们不再盲目地分发餐具，而是改变了他们的送餐应用程序。在中国的一些城市，顾客现在必须选择他们真正想从餐馆买多少套餐具。)”可知，阿里巴巴让顾客决定餐具的数量，以此解决餐具浪费问题。故选C。] 14．What does the underlined part “low­hanging fruits” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Problems that are hard to solve. B．Ideas that are creative but risky. C．Measures that are easy and effective. D．Goals that are difficult to achieve. C　[词句猜测题。根据第二段“Chinese tech giant Alibaba and its researchers came up with a simple solution to this common problem.(中国科技巨头阿里巴巴及其研究人员提出了一个简单的解决方案来解决这个普遍问题)”；“The results, published in the journal Science，were astonishing.There was a whopping 648% increase in the number of orders with no cutlery requested.If this approach were rolled out across China, researchers estimated that it could save nearly 22 billion sets of plastic cutlery and reduce 3.26 million metric tons of plastic waste.(发表在《科学》杂志上的研究结果令人震惊。没有餐具的订单数量激增了648%。研究人员估计，如果这种方法在中国推广，可以节省近220亿套塑料餐具，减少326万吨塑料垃圾。)”以及划线词后文“For Alibaba, this “nudge” to customers cost them nothing more than a few hours of software engineering time.(对阿里巴巴来说，这种对客户的“轻推”只不过花费了几个小时的软件工程时间。)”可知，此处指第二段阿里巴巴让顾客决定餐具的数量解决餐具浪费问题，效果明显，说明这是一种简单有效的措施，推测划线词意思是“简单有效的措施”。故选C。] 15．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．The Plastic Straw Debate B．Active Environment Policy C．Reducing Food­Delivery Cost D．Nudging Consumers to Cut Waste D　[主旨大意题。根据第二段“If this approach were rolled out across China, researchers estimated that it could save nearly 22 billion sets of plastic cutlery and reduce 3.26 million metric tons of plastic waste.(研究人员估计，如果这种方法在中国推广，可以节省近220亿套塑料餐具，减少326万吨塑料垃圾。)”结合文章主要说明了阿里巴巴通过顾客决定餐具的数量解决餐具浪费问题，解释了背后的原理。可知，D选项“轻推消费者减少浪费”最适合作为文章标题。故选D。] 词语积累 一、生僻词&合成词及派生词 1．Alcázar n．(西班牙式)城堡 2．fortress n．堡垒，要塞 3．moat n．护城河 4．Gothic adj.哥特式的 5．household name n．家喻户晓的名字 6．calculus n．微积分 7．resign v．辞职 8．flexible adj.灵活的 9．multi­spectrum adj.多光谱的 10．crowdfunding n．众筹 11．nudge n．/v.轻推；推动(行为经济学概念) 12．default adj./n.默认(的) 13．onus n．责任 二、熟词生义词 stand out熟义：v.突出，显眼 生义(文义)：v.表现优异(如PICO在室内种植设备中表现突出) 三、重要短语 1．be based on 基于 2．take a trip to 前往……旅行 3．in common 共同点 4．keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 5．put sth.at risk 使……处于危险中 6．figure out 弄清楚 7．come up with 提出(想法、方案) 8．roll out 推广，推出 9．play a crucial role in 在……中起关键作用 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $