Unit 1 Science and Scientists Using Language & Assessing Your Progress 分层同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

Using Language & Assessing Your Progress 一、必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Her eyes were shining 　　　　　　(brilliant) at first,but soon her face lost its colour.  2.The origins of this ancient civilization can be traced back 　　　　　　thousands of years ago. 3.The sun set in the west,　　　　　　(cast) a beautiful orange and pink glow across the sky. 4.Jane is a 　　　　　　(gift) musician who can play multiple instruments with incredible talent.  5.The professor’s strong 　　　　　　(leader) skills ensured the experiment was carried out smoothly.  6.The 　　　　　　(mechanic) engineer designed a revolutionary new engine that improved fuel efficiency.  Ⅱ.短语填空 above all,in charge of,benefit from,break out,come down with 1.The lead scientist is 　　　　　　　　　overseeing the entire research project and managing the team of researchers.  2.Unfortunately,several members of the research team 　　　　　　　　　　flu-like symptoms,delaying the progress of the experiment.  3.In the field of medicine,　　　　　　,it is crucial to prioritize patient safety and ethical considerations.  4.Students who actively engage in scientific research have the opportunity to 　　　　　　hands-on learning experience from experts.  5.The disease 　　　in the community,prompting health officials to take immediate action. Ⅲ.单句写作 1.这位杰出科学家的科学发现对物理学领域产生了重大影响。 The scientific discoveries made by the brilliant scientist 　　　　　　　　　　　　　the field of physics.  2.在克服了研究中的一些困难后,该团队成功地进行了开创性的科学实验。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the team successfully conducted the groundbreaking scientific experiment.  3.约翰逊不仅对自己的领域有着深刻的了解,而且有着不懈的好奇心,展示了科学精神的真正精髓。 Johnson possessed 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　but also a relentless curiosity,showcasing the true essence of the scientific spirit.  4.除了是一位著名的音乐家,史密斯博士还是一位颇有才华的作家和讲师。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,Dr.Smith is also an accomplished author and lecturer. 5.通过进行广泛的研究和实验,该团队能够更好地了解复杂的生物过程。 By conducting extensive research and experiments,the team was able to 　　　　　　　　　　　　the complex biological processes.  二、素养能力提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解 He Zehui,a Chinese nuclear (核能的) physicist,achieved great things in physics and became an outstanding scientist. Her family is famous for producing three famous women scientists,including her two sisters.She graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936 with a degree in physics,and then went on to study at the Technical University of Berlin,where she was the top in her class,outperforming her future husband Qian Sanqiang—China’s “father of the atomic bomb”.In 1940,she earned a doctor’s degree in engineering. The couple made great discoveries in the field of uranium fission (铀核裂变),which drew global attention and gained them worldwide recognition,marking a milestone in the development of China’s experimental fission physics.Many Western media called the couple the “Marie Curie and Pierre Curie of China”. As one of the pioneers in nuclear science and technology in China,Professor He contributed a great deal to nuclear physics.During the 1950s,she started the research and development of nuclear emulsions (核乳胶) in China and their research reached the advanced world level at that time.He and her research group took the lead in building China’s first nuclear reactor and accelerator (加速器).She was awarded the first Award of the National Prize of Natural Sciences for making outstanding achievements in supporting the national program of nuclear weapon development. Throughout her career,He went through many difficulties,and was always on the front lines of China’s science-related work.She published dozens of papers yet placed little value on personal fame.The world’s top physicists recognized her as a famous scientist,“Chinese Madame Curie”. He passed away in Beijing in 2011 at the age of 97,nearly 20 years after Qian Sanqiang.She devoted herself to science,living a simple life,always instructing young researchers and maintaining the highest standards that she had always valued.She loved her country and science;to both she is now an example. 1.What is the focus of paragraph 2 about He Zehui? A.Identity background. B.Character personalities. C.Education experiences. D.Profession abilities. 2.What do we know about Qian Sanqiang? A.He died following his wife in 1991. B.He is also a remarkable Chinese scientist. C.He won the National Prize of Natural Sciences. D.He assisted He Zehui to develop fission physics. 3.Why is He Zehui acknowledged as “Chinese Marie Curie”? A.For her research of nuclear emulsions. B.For her achievements in the atomic bomb. C.For her great contributions to nuclear physics. D.For her continuous achievement in natural science. 4.How can we best describe He Zehui? A.Ambitious and talented. B.Unselfish and devoted. C.Imaginative and kind. D.Knowledgeable and sociable. Ⅴ.七选五 Every day,we’re bombarded(连珠炮似的攻击) with so many decisions that it’s impossible to make a perfect choice every time.　1　.One particularly effective technique is critical thinking.  There are many different ways of approaching critical thinking,but here’s one four-step process that may help you solve problems: Come up with your question 　2　.This isn’t always as straightforward as it sounds.For example,if you’re deciding whether to try out the newest diet craze(风靡一时的事物),your reasons for doing so may be not clear by other factors—like claims that you’ll see results in just two weeks.  But,if you approach the situation with a clear view of what you’re actually trying to accomplish by dieting,that’ll equip you to examine this information critically,find what you’re looking for,and decide whether the new craze really suits your needs. Gather your information There’s lots of it out there.　3　.If you’re trying to decide on a diet to improve your nutrition,you may ask an expert for their advice,or seek other people’s testimonies(证据).Information gathering helps you weigh different options,moving you closer to a decision that meets your goal.  　4　  This is something you can do by asking critical questions.Facing a decision,ask yourself,“What concepts are at work?” “What assumptions exist?” “Is my interpretation of the information logically sound?” Explore other points of view Ask yourself why so many people are drawn to the policies of the opposing political candidate,even if you disagree with everything that candidate says. Exploring the full spectrum(范围) of viewpoints might explain why some policies that don’t seem acceptable to you attract others.　5　.  A.Apply the information B.Consider the possible effects or results C.In other words,know what you’re looking for D.But,there are many ways to improve our chances E.Some are small and unimportant,but others have a larger impact on our lives F.Therefore,having a clear idea of your question will help you determine what’s closely connected G.This will cause you to explore alternatives,evaluate your own choices,and ultimately help you make more informed decisions Ⅵ.语法填空 Albert Einstein,perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics,is often considered as one of 1.　　　　　 smartest men who ever lived.He made numerous 2.(contribute) to the world.The most well-known theory 3.　　　　　　(be) the general theory of relativity.He was not only a 4.　　　　　　(talent) person,but also a kind person.  Einstein was born in Germany on 14 March 1879.He 5.　　　　　　(enter) university in 1896 and graduated in 1900.In 1905,he earned a doctorate in physics and published four extraordinary physics papers.In 1922,he 6.　　　　　　　　　　(award) the Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.In 1933,he was forced 7.　　　　　　(flee) Germany and 8.　　　　　　(eventual) took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton,USA.  Although Einstein was a genius,he sometimes,forgot things.He was loved by his friends and neighbors for his humor.He even made friends with a little girl,9.　　　　　　 asked for help with her homework.  In 1955,Einstein passed 10.　　　　　　.The whole world mourned the great loss of the scientist.Till now,Einstein is remembered and respected by the public.  Ⅶ.应用文写作 假定你是李明,你校近期将举办一场以科学精神(scientific spirit)为主题的演讲比赛,请你写一篇参赛发言稿。 注意: 1.题目自拟,内容需要适当的例子支持; 2.词数80词左右。 ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Ⅷ.读后续写 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jack was a bright and curious child,always eager to learn new things and explore the mysterious world about science.However,he often found himself in disagreement with his mother.His mother was always busy with her work and she didn’t have enough time to learn about his interests and passions. One day,Jack came home from school feeling particularly excited.He just found a sci-fi book about an adventure on the moon.Upon arriving at home,he couldn’t tear himself away from the book.He read and read until it was dark.Having finished reading it,he couldn’t wait to share it with his mother,only to be told that he should focus on more practical subjects like math and history,which would help him get into a good college and have a successful career. Jack couldn’t understand why his mother didn’t see the value in what he was doing.He felt that she was holding him back and not allowing him to pursue his true interests.“Why can’t you see how important this is to me?” Jack asked his mother angrily.“I’m never going to be happy if I have to spend my life doing things that I show no interest in just because they are practical or make you proud.” The once peaceful home was filled with tension and anger.His mother’s voice grew louder as she shouted,“You can’t just do whatever you want!You should be responsible for your future!” Jack,fueled by his own frustration,shot back,“I am tired of you always telling me what to do!I am not a child anymore!You only care about your own feeling!You never thought about my feeling!” They were so caught up in their own anger and hurt that they failed to see how their words and actions were affecting each other. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Jack rushed into his bedroom and locked the door heavily.________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ When Jack heard his mother’s words,regretful tears rolled down his face.____________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 Ⅰ.1.brilliantly　2.to　3.casting　4.gifted　5.leadership　6.mechanical Ⅱ.1.in charge of　2.have come down with　3.above all　4.benefit from　5.broke out Ⅲ.1.had a great impact on　2.After overcoming some difficulties　3.not only a deep knowledge of his own field　4.Apart from being a famous musician　5.get a better understanding of Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了“中国的居里夫人”何泽慧及其成就。 1.C　主旨大意题。根据第二段中“She graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936 with a degree in physics,and then went on to study at the Technical University of Berlin,...”可知,本段主要介绍何泽慧的教育经历。 2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中“she was the top in her class,outperforming her future husband Qian Sanqiang—China’s ‘father of the atomic bomb’”可知,钱三强也是一位伟大的中国科学家。 3.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中“As one of the pioneers in nuclear science and technology in China,Professor He contributed a great deal to nuclear physics.”可知,因何泽慧对中国的核物理做出了巨大贡献,西方媒体称其为“中国的居里夫人”。 4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She devoted herself to science,living a simple life,always instructing young researchers and maintaining the highest standards that she had always valued.She loved her country and science;to both she is now an example.”可知,何泽慧无私且有献身精神。 Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高批判性思维能力的四个步骤。 1.D　根据上文可知,每天我们都要做很多决定,但不可能每次都做出完美的选择;再结合下文“One particularly effective technique is critical thinking.” 可知,D项承上启下,符合语境。故选D项。 2.C　根据本段的小标题可知,第一步是提出自己的问题。C项是对小标题的解释说明,后文通过举例说做到这一点并不像听起来那么简单。故选C项。 3.F　根据本段的小标题及上文内容可知,有很多要收集的信息。F项承接上文,下文通过节食的例子说明如何去做。故选F项。 4.A　本空是下文的小标题。根据下文内容可知,在面临决定时,要问自己一些批判性问题,这是把收集到的信息运用于实际。故选A项。 5.G　根据上文可知,探究所有的观点也许可以解释为什么一些对你来说似乎不可接受的政策会吸引其他人。G项是上文产生的结果。G项中的This指代上文内容。故选G项。 Ⅵ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍的是 Albert Einstein的生平和伟大成就。 1.the　考查定冠词。smartest是最高级,前面需加定冠词the。 2.contributions　考查名词的数。numerous后跟名词的复数,故填contributions。 3.is　考查主谓一致。分析句子成分可知,The most well-known theory 是主语,描述的是客观事实,因此空格处用一般现在时,故填is。 4.talented　考查形容词。所填的词修饰名词person,所以用形容词形式。talented意为“有天赋的”。 5.entered　考查时态。根据in 1896可知,句子时态是一般过去时,故填entered。 6.was awarded　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In 1922可知,句子用一般过去时。he和award是动宾关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。 7.to flee　考查不定式。sb be forced to do sth是固定短语,意为“某人被迫做某事”,故填to flee。 8.eventually　考查副词。所填的词修饰动词短语took up,所以用副词形式,故填eventually。 9.who　考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词girl是人,所以填关系代词 who。 10.away　考查固定短语。pass away是固定短语,意为“去世”。 Ⅶ.Embracing the Scientific Spirit Ladies and gentlemen, It is an honor to stand before you today and discuss the significance of the scientific spirit. Scientific thinking has revolutionized our world,solving complex problems and improving our lives.Think of the incredible inventions that have emerged,such as the smartphone,which has connected people globally.Moreover,advancements in medicine have prolonged lives and get rid of diseases. Nurturing the scientific spirit enables us to question,experiment,and ultimately,make the world a better place.Let us burn the flame of scientific inquiry within ourselves and inspire the next generation to do the same. Thank you. Ⅷ.Jack rushed into his bedroom and locked the door heavily.He lay on the bed,huddling himself in the quilt.What he really wanted to do was cut himself off from the whole world,especially from his mother.He couldn’t figure out why his mother didn’t understand him and why she forced him to do something he didn’t like.Slowly,he fell asleep while thinking.Suddenly he was awakened,hearing his mother’s voice outside the door,which was filled with apologies and tenderness.His mother promised him that she would respect his interests in the future. When Jack heard his mother’s words,regretful tears rolled down his face.He realized that everything his mother did was totally for the sake of his future and what he said hurt his mother’s heart hard.It occurred to him that he had never showed his gratitude to his mother.He couldn’t wait to open the door and said thank you to his mother,who was standing in the doorway.He also promised his mother that he would study hard in practical subjects.Finally,misunderstanding cleared,they hugged each other tightly with a joyful smile. 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $