01-专题一 名词（正文）-【金牌中考总复习】2026年中考英语总复习

第一部分 语法专题训练 1 专题一 名词 1 知识导图 2 考情归纳 3 考点诊断 4 考点梳理 5 课堂小测 2 专题一 名词 知识导图 3 考点 中考（广东卷）近5年考点统计 1.可数名词单复数 2020、2021、2022、2024 2.不可数名词 2020、2023 3.名词所有格 2021、2022、2024 4.名词的辨析 2020、2021、2022、2024 专题一 名词 考情归纳 4 进入中考名词考点学习前，我们先来进行该考点的自我诊断吧。请阅读 以下五个句子，并在句中将所有的名词用下划线标示出来。 1. Television can give us the latest information and news. 2. The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make in your test. 3. Together, our actions can lead to a better future. 专题一 名词 考点诊断 5 4. Reading books can open up our eyes and enlarge our knowledge. 5. Teamwork is based on trust.We understand each other and work together for the same goal. 专题一 名词 考点诊断 6 一、名词（Noun）定义：表示人或事物名称的词。 二、名词（Noun）分类： 专题一 名词 考点梳理 7 三、名词的数 1.可数名词：可以用数目计算的名词。 2.不可数名词：不可以用数目计算的名词。 可数名词变复数的规则变化 规则变化 例子 1.一般情况，直接加s books，cats 2.以字母s、x、ch、sh等结尾的名 词，在词尾加es buses，boxes，matches，watches， foxes 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词， 先变y为i，再加es cities，babies，families，factories， strawberries 专题一 名词 考点梳理 8 规则变化 例子 4.以字母o结尾的名词，有生命的 加es, 无生命的加s The heroes like potatoes and tomatoes. 英雄喜欢土豆和西红柿。 photos，pianos，radios，zoos，kilos 5.以f或fe结尾的名词，把f或fe变 为v，再加es lives，knives，leaves，wolves， thieves，wives，shelves 特例：scarfs/scarves 续表 专题一 名词 考点梳理 9 根据提示填写适当形式的单词，使句子完整。 1. My sister has bought some English ___________（dictionary） and magazines. 2. The policemen caught all the _______（thief） in the apartment with the help of two brave boys. dictionaries thieves 专题一 名词 考点梳理 10 3. My father likes travelling and he likes collecting _____（toy） for me. 4. Here are some _________（西红柿） for you, Sue. 5. —How many ______（狐狸） can you see?—I can see six. toys tomatoes foxes 专题一 名词 考点梳理 11 部分可数名词变复数时的不规则情况 不规则情况 例子 1.“某国人”的单复数 变化 Chinese，Japanese，Swiss，Englishmen， Frenchmen，Americans，Germans （巧记：中日瑞士不变，英法变，其他国人加s） 2.单复数同形 sheep，deer, fish，Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 3.元音或词尾发生变 化 man—men，woman—women，foot—feet， goose—geese tooth—teeth，child—children, mouse—mice 专题一 名词 考点梳理 12 不规则情况 例子 4.复合名词单复数变化：①最 后一个词改为复数；②含 man、woman、sport的复合名 词，前后两词都改为复数 ①banana trees，girl students，flower shops ②women doctors，men teachers，sports bags 5.字母、数字、引语或缩略词 变复数，一般在词后面加s， 也可以加“'s” 1890s/1890's（19世纪90年代） 续表 专题一 名词 考点梳理 13 不规则情况 例子 6.有些名词只有复数形式，若 要表达具体数目，要借助数量 词 glasses, clothes, trousers, pants, jeans, shorts, scissors a pair of trousers （一条裤子） 7.有些名词以单数形式出现， 但实为复数 people, police a person（一个人）, a policeman （一个警察） 续表 专题一 名词 考点梳理 14 单项选择。 1. About 200 ________ went to see the Asian Fashion Show last night.( ) C A. German B. Australian C. Chinese D. American 2. —You can choose two ________ from them. —Wow. They are all beautiful. It's hard to make a choice.( ) D A. sport bag B. sports bag C. sport bags D. sports bags 专题一 名词 考点梳理 15 3. Don't speak loudly on the bus. You should keep your ________ down. (2024 ·天津)( ) B A. body B. voice C. interest D. service 4. Yueyang is one of the top 10 most beautiful ________ in China this year.(2023·岳阳改编)( ) B A. city B. cities C. citys D. a city 专题一 名词 考点梳理 16 不可数名词的种类 不可数名词：不能用数目计算，不能分成个体的名词。 粉类 flour（面粉）, bread, sand, sugar, salt 各种肉类 meat，beef，mutton，pork, fish 液体类 water，milk，tea, coffee, juice 物质材料 类 wood，plastic，steel，cotton，silver，sand，silk, glass （玻璃） 自然界的 事物 sunshine, rain, snow, cloud 专题一 名词 考点梳理 17 膏状物 chocolate, ice-cream, butter 常考的不 可数名词 fun，news，information，advice，weather，homework， work（工作），housework，time，money，paper （纸张），traffic 续表 专题一 名词 考点梳理 18 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注 意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 water information news food time fun For thousands of tourists from China, Thailand is an excellent place to take a holiday. The best 1._____ to visit Thailand is from April 13th to 15th, because it is the time of the Water Festival. People sing, dance and go on the streets to throw 2.______ at each other. time water 专题一 名词 考点梳理 19 The local people think that water can wash away bad things and bring good luck. Beaches and sunshine are a lot of travelers' choices. In this country，there are many hotels facing the sea, so you can have 3.____ on the beach or swim in the sea. What's more, Thailand is a good place to try delicious 4._____.If you go to Thailand, you won't forget to see elephants. The elephant is a symbol of Thailand. It is believed that Thailand is one of the most wonderful travel places. fun food water information news food time fun 专题一 名词 考点梳理 可数名词VS 不可数名词 可数名词 不可数名词 有单复数形式，前面可加a/an 只有单数形式，无复数形式，前 面不可加a/an 可加数词one/two/three等, 如one apple，two apples, 也可借助量词， 如two boxes of apples（两箱苹果） 若表示数量，需借助量词，如a glass of milk/two glasses of milk, a piece of meat/two pieces of meat 谓语动词根据名词的单复数决定 谓语动词只能是单数 专题一 名词 考点梳理 21 可数名词 不可数名词 常用的修饰词：many, a few, few, a great number of（大量）, dozens of （很多） 常用的修饰词：much, a little, little, a bit of 既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词：some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of 续表 专题一 名词 考点梳理 22 单项选择。 1. The music sounds so wonderful! I haven't heard such ________ music before.( ) B A. a B. a piece of C. a pair of D. an 2. There are many ________ on the farm. We can get wool from them every year.( ) D A. dogs B. deer C. cows D. sheep 专题一 名词 考点梳理 23 3. The old man wants ________. He likes eating apples.( ) A A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples 4. I am a little hungry. I only ate some ________ the whole day.( ) C A. pear B. hamburger C. bread D. milk 专题一 名词 考点梳理 24 名词所有格 规则 例子 一般在名词词尾加's Tom's notebook 汤姆的笔记本 Father's/Mother's Day 父亲/母亲节 以s结尾的复数名词所有 格，直接在词尾加' Teachers' Day 教师节 of所有格表示无生命的名 词所有格 the colour of the book 这本书的颜色 专题一 名词 考点梳理 25 规则 例子 双重所有格表示整体中的 一部分 a friend of my mother's=one of my mother's friends 我妈妈的一个朋友 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 and连接的名词所有格： 如果某物为两人共有，只 在后面的名词词尾加's； 如果表示各自拥有，则两 个名词都要加's John and Jimmy's room 约翰和吉米的房间（共有的） Tom's and Jim's mothers 汤姆与吉姆的妈妈（各自的） 续表 专题一 名词 考点梳理 26 规则 例子 表示时间、距离、城市、 国家、团体、机构等方面 的名词所有格，也可以在 其后加's forty minutes' walk 40分钟的路程 today's newspaper 今天的报纸 the company's new leader 公司的新领导 续表 专题一 名词 考点梳理 27 规则 例子 表示商铺、某人的家、诊 所或餐馆等的名词所有 格，其后的名词常省略 at the doctor's 在诊所 at my uncle's 在我叔叔家 注意：用介词to表示所属关系的几个常见搭配:the answer to the question， the key to the door，the way to school。 续表 专题一 名词 考点梳理 28 单项选择。 1. This year, the family went camping on ________ Day，June 1st.( ) D A. Child B. Child's C. Children D. Children's 2. ________ father is a pilot. He has been to many countries around the world.(2023·黑龙江改编)( ) A A. Tony and Peter's B. Tony's and Peter C. Tony's and Peter's D. Tony and Peter 专题一 名词 考点梳理 29 3. Nobody thought it easy to finish so much work in ________.( ) A A. two days' time B. two-days time C. two day's time D. two days time 4. Sometimes, he takes one ________ bus ride to museums and zoos in another town. (2024·广东改编)( ) C A. hour B. hours C. hour's D. hours' 专题一 名词 考点梳理 30 1.不可数名词和可数名词的比较： 不可数名词 可数名词 advice 建议 suggestion 建议 chicken 鸡肉 chicken 小鸡 news 新闻 newspaper 报纸 information 信息 message 信息 orange 橙汁 orange 橙子 glass 玻璃 glass 玻璃杯 专题一 名词 考点梳理 31 不可数名词 可数名词 room 空间 room 房间 experience 经验 experience 经历 exercise 锻炼；运动 exercise 练习；操 time 时间 time 次；倍；时代 paper 纸张 paper 试卷 work 工作 work 作品 wood 木头；木材 wood 树林；丛林 续表 专题一 名词 考点梳理 32 2.“数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词，中间的名词（有连字符号时） 不能用复数形式而须用单数形式。 eg.She is an eight-year-old girl.=She is eight years old. 她是一个八岁的女孩。 专题一 名词 考点梳理 33 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注 意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 quiet feeling trouble skill book question Miss Li, our class teacher, is my favourite teacher. We are going to leave this school and I will miss her very much. 专题一 名词 考点梳理 34 Miss Li is very patient. Whenever we ask 1._________ in class, she explains them to us carefully. She is also kind because she cares much about us. She often says to us,“Tell me immediately if you feel unhappy. Share your 2._______ with me and do not just try to solve it by yourself.” One day, she gave each of us a 3.______, Three Days to See, and told us we should read more. questions trouble book quiet feeling trouble skill book question 专题一 名词 考点梳理 35 Miss Li likes my class because she thinks all of us are excellent. She always says she thinks herself very lucky to be our teacher. She always thinks about our 4.________.I hope I will go to a high school with teachers as good as Miss Li. feelings quiet feeling trouble skill book question 专题一 名词 考点梳理 36 ★中考高频名词相关短语 1 take place 发生 2 make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友 3 give a hand to sb. 给予某人帮助 4 pay attention to 注意 专题一 名词 考点梳理 37 5 play a role 扮演角色 6 keep in touch with 与……保持联系 7 make mistakes 犯错 8 make big progress 取得很大进步 9 make a difference 产生影响 10 ask for help 寻求帮助 续表 专题一 名词 考点梳理 38 11 take action 采取措施 12 all kinds of 各种各样的 13 live a happy life 过着愉快的生活 14 get in the way of 妨碍 15 take part in … 参与…… 续表 专题一 名词 考点梳理 39 16 places of interest 名胜古迹 17 take one's temperature 给某人量体温 18 take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 19 to one's surprise 让某人感到惊讶的是 20 in danger/trouble 处于危险/麻烦中 续表 专题一 名词 考点梳理 40 根据汉语意思完成句子，注意语法正确，意思完整，词数不限。 1. 不要让网络游戏妨碍了你的学业。 Don't let online games _________________ your schoolwork. get in the way of 2. 令我惊讶的是，他最后赢得了冠军。 _______________, he won the championship in the end. To my surprise 专题一 名词 考点梳理 41 3. 我们现在依然保持联系。 We still __________________ each other now. keep in touch with 4. 对我们而言，拯救濒危动物是非常有必要的。 It's very necessary for us to save the animals __________. in danger 专题一 名词 考点梳理 42 小语篇训练。 My family was poor when I was a kid. But my . .1. . were really good at offering what we wanted. Once, my sister and I wanted to go to a baseball game. However, the . .2. . of the game was too expensive. So we gave up. 1. ( ) A. parent B. parents C. parent's B 2. ( ) A. product B. seat C. ticket C 专题一 名词 考点梳理 43 But our mum finally made it. While we were at school, mum was preparing tickets for that night's game and money for us to spend. When we got home after class, chairs were in front of the TV with . .3. . on them. She gave us the tickets and money. Thirty . .4. . later, it was time for the game. 3. ( ) A. numbers B. suggestions C. notes A 4. ( ) A. days B. months C. minutes C 专题一 名词 考点梳理 44 We followed our father and stood in line by the door. Our father took out our tickets and told us how to get to our . .5. ..After the game started, our parents went to the kitchen and became busy with something. Suddenly, there was a voice yelling “Hot dogs!” 5. ( ) A. seat B. seats C. seat's B 专题一 名词 考点梳理 45 It was our father who appeared with some hot dogs and candies in his . .6. ..We took out the money and bought the delicious . .7. . that we wanted. We enjoyed ourselves a lot in the special game. Though many years have passed, I can still feel the . .8. . which our parents give to us through that funny activity. It was an unforgettable memory in my mind. 6. ( ) A. legs B. hands C. mouths B 7. ( ) A. ticket B. food C. breakfast B 8. ( ) A. love B. influence C. trouble A 专题一 名词 考点梳理 一、语法选择。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）（2024·重庆） When I was a child, I wanted . .1. . someone like my father. My father is . .2. . teacher, and he has taught me a lot. . .3. . my tenth birthday, he asked me, “What will you do when you grow up?” 1. ( ) A. to be B. be C. being A 2. ( ) A. a B. an C. the A 3. ( ) A. Of B. In C. On C 专题一 名词 课堂小测 47 I answered . .4. ., “Be a teacher like you!” Hearing this, my father was very happy and said to me, “Try your best . .5. . your dream will come true.” In the fourth year of my college, I volunteered in a school. One of the teachers was ill. . .6. . wanted me to take her place for two weeks. I was glad but nervous. My father . .7. ., “This is a good chance. 4. ( ) A. proud B. proudly C. pride B 5. ( ) A. or B. but C. and C 6. ( ) A. She B. Her C. Hers A 7. ( ) A. say B. says C. said C 专题一 名词 课堂小测 48 I wish you success!” The next day, I . .8. . to the class by the head teacher of the school. The children felt very happy. With other . .9. . help, I did very well. Personally, the experience has made me even more . .10. . in being a teacher in the future. 8. ( ) A. introduced B. was introduced C. am introduced B 9. ( ) A. teacher B. teacher's C. teachers' C 10. ( ) A. interest B. interested C. interesting B 专题一 名词 课堂小测 49 重点知识积累（英汉互译）: 1. 想成为___________ 2. on my tenth birthday__________________ 3. 代替某人的位置_______________ 4. with one's help________________ want to be 在我十岁生日那天 take one's place 在某人的帮助下 专题一 名词 课堂小测 50 二、短文填空。（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空，使文章完整连贯。 注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 need invention ill it he rich with solve easy refuse so climb Ding Chen, a Chinese teenager from Anhui Taihe No.3 Middle School, invented a tool for the elderly to climb the stairs（楼梯）. And he won the International Youth Gold Medal for his 11._________. invention 专题一 名词 课堂小测 51 The Ding family lived in an old building, 12.____ they had to climb stairs every day. His grandpa has difficulty 13._________ up the stairs. It became even harder after he fell 14.___.When Ding Chen was a fifth-grader, he wanted to invent something for his grandpa to go up the stairs more 15.______.Three years later, 13-year-old Ding 16._______ this problem. He invented a booster（助力器） 17._____ a small motor inside. People just need to set the booster on the stair railing（扶手） and hold 18.___.Then it will pull people upward, so climbing ill easily solved with it need invention ill it he rich with solve easy refuse so climb 专题一 名词 课堂小测 52 making it easier to go upward a flight of stairs. Ding's middle school teacher Zhang Gang helped him make 19.____ idea real. They worked together for about half a year to design the booster. “I hope my invention can help all the people in 20._____.” he said. In the future, Ding wants to make some improvement on his invention. If possible, he wants to find companies to buy it and help more people. his need need invention ill it he rich with solve easy refuse so climb 专题一 名词 课堂小测 重点知识积累（英汉互译）: 1. 做某事有困难_______________________ 2. fall ill______ 3. 解决这个难题_________________ 4. people in need____________ have difficulty doing sth. 生病 solve this problem 有需要的人 专题一 名词 课堂小测 54 55 $