12-专题十二 句子的分类（正文）-【金牌中考总复习】2026年中考英语总复习

第一部分 语法专题训练 1 专题十二 句子的分类 1 考情归纳 2 考点诊断 3 考点梳理 4 课堂小测 2 考点 中考（广东卷）近5年考点统计 1.祈使句 — 2.感叹句 2019、2020、2022、2023 3.There be 句型 — 专题十二 句子的分类 考情归纳 3 进入中考句子分类考点学习前，我们先来进行该考点的自我诊断吧。请 将下面所给的句子变成感叹句。 1. The boy is very clever. ______________________________________________ What a clever boy he is！/How clever the boy is! 2. He studies very hard at school. _____________________________ How hard he studies at school! 3. The little boy has met kind people. _____________________________________ What kind people the little boy has met! 4. The boy runs fast. ______________________ How fast the boy runs! 专题十二 句子的分类 考点诊断 4 1.句子是一个语言单位，它由词按语法规律构成，表示一个完整独立的 思想，句末有句号、问号或感叹号。句子按使用目的可以分为四类：陈 述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 种类 定义 例子 陈述 句 陈述句说明一个事 实或者陈述说话人 的看法 She arrived quite early. 她很早就到了。（事实） She may have arrived now. 她可能现在已经到了。（看法） 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 5 种类 定义 例子 疑问 句 （1）一般疑问句 一般疑问句以一个 助动词、情态动词 或be动词开始，通 常要求以yes或no （或certainly，not at all等）回答 —Do you like action movies? —Yes,I do. 你喜欢动作片吗？ 是的,喜欢。 —Would you mind turning down the music? 你介意把音乐声调低吗？ —No,not at all. 不,一点儿也不介意。 续表 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 6 种类 定义 例子 疑问 句 （2）特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句都以一 个疑问代词或疑问 副词开头，即疑问 词+一般疑问句 Which subjects do you like best? 你最喜欢哪些科目？ How much is the book? 这本书多少钱？ Where would you like to visit? 你想去哪里参观？ 续表 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 7 种类 定义 例子 疑问 句 （3）选择疑问句 选择疑问句提出两 个答案供选择，两 部分由or连接起 来，前部分用升 调，后部分用降调 —Do you like coffee or tea? — Coffee,please. 你要咖啡还是茶? 咖啡。 —Are you an Englishman or an American? 你是英国人还是美国人？ —I'm from England. 英国人。 续表 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 8 种类 定义 例子 祈使 句 祈使句表示请求、 命令、叮嘱、劝告 等，谓语动词用原 形，否定形式是 “don't+动词原形” Have a seat. 请坐。 Don't come in,please. 请不要进来。 续表 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 9 种类 定义 例子 感叹 句 感叹句表示说话时 的惊讶、喜悦、气 愤等情绪。它由 what或how引起， what用来修饰名 词，how修饰形容 词、副词或动词 ◆What+a/an+形容词+单数名词+ （主语+谓语）！ What an interesting story it is!多么有趣的一 个故事啊! ◆What +形容词+不可数名词+ （主语+谓语）！ What delicious food it is!多么美味的食物 啊！ 续表 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 10 种类 定义 例子 感叹 句 感叹句表示说话时 的惊讶、喜悦、气 愤等情绪。它由 what或how引起， what用来修饰名 词，how修饰形容 词、副词或动词 ◆What+形容词+复数名词+（主语+谓语）！ What clever students they are!多么聪明的学 生们啊！ ◆How+形容词/副词+（主语+谓语）！ 续表 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 11 种类 定义 例子 感叹 句 感叹句表示说话时 的惊讶、喜悦、气 愤等情绪。它由 what或how引起， what用来修饰名 词，how修饰形容 词、副词或动词 ◆How+主语+谓语+（其他）！ How friendly Mary is! 玛丽是多么的友好 啊！ How hard he is working! 他工作是多么努力 啊！ How I miss you! 我多么想念你！ 续表 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 12 单项选择。 1. Growing up is not easy, Tom. ________ calm when you're facing serious problems in life.(2024·宿迁三模)( ) C A. Staying B. Stays C. Stay D. To stay 2. ________ helpful the speech is! It tells us to use the Internet safely.(2024·长春)( ) C A. What B. What a C. How D. What an 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 13 3. ________ to protect yourselves and it's everyone's duty to fight against school bullying （校园霸凌）.(2024·哈尔滨三模)( ) B A. To learn B. Learn C. Learning D. Learned 4. —________ fine weather! It's a good match for going on a picnic.(2024·宿迁) —Exactly. I simply can't wait!( ) D A. How B. What a C. How a D. What 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 14 2.句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。复合句又包括宾语从句、 状语从句和定语从句等。 （1）简单句就是只包括一个主谓结构的句子。它主要有五个句型： 结构 例子 主语+连系动词+表语 （S+V+P） The food tastes delicious. 这食物尝起来可口。 主语+不及物动词（S+ Vi） He worked very hard. 他工作努力。 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 15 结构 例子 主语+及物动词+宾语 （S+Vt+O） We are having a class. 我们在上课。 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直 接宾语（S+Vt+IO+DO） Please bring me a cup of tea. 请给我带来一杯茶。 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补 足语（S+Vt+O+OC） The story makes me laugh. 这故事使我笑了。 续表 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 16 注意：间接宾语一般是人，直接宾语一般是物。直接宾语位于间接宾语 之前时，间接宾语之前要加介词to或for。 eg.He gave me a book.=He gave a book to me. 他给我一本书。 She bought her father a new car.=She bought a new car for her father. 她为她爸爸买了一辆新车。 ◆加介词to的常用动词有：show，give，send，tell，pass，bring，lend， teach等。 ◆加介词for的常用动词有：buy，get，cook，make，do等。 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 17 （2）并列句 ◆用并列连接词连接两个以上的简单句的句子叫作并列句。它的构成： 简单句+连接词+简单句。 ◆连接并列句常用的连接词有：and，but，or，not only … but also … ， neither … nor … ，either … or … ，still等。 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 18 结构 例子 ①表示同等关系的并列连 词有:and，not only … but also … ，neither … nor … ， both … and … I help her and she helps me. 我帮助她，她帮助我。 He is not only good at English，but also Chinese. 他不仅擅长英语，还擅长汉语。 ②表示转折关系的并列连 词有：but，yet，still， while She is very old but she is in good health. 她很老了但她很健康。 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 19 结构 例子 ③表示选择关系的并列连 词有：or，either … or … Hurry up，or we'll be late. =If we don't hurry up，we'll be late. 快点，否则我们会迟到。 ④表示因果关系的并列连 词有：for，so I must go home，for it's late. 我必须回家，因为天晚了。 续表 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 20 单项选择。 1. In our city museum， there ________ many old things from two thousand years ago on show.( ) D A. has B. have C. is D. are 2. —I want to be an artist when I grow up. —Work hard, ________ your dream will come true.(2024·北京二 模)( ) C A. or B. but C. and D. for 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 21 3. ________ “lying flat（躺平）”, and you will make your life more meaningful and colourful.(2024·长春三模)( ) A A. Refuse B. Refusing C. To refuse D. Refused 4. I have only two tickets for the concert. ________ you ________ he can go with me.( ) A A. Either； or B. Neither； nor C. Both； and D. Not only； but also 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 22 小语篇训练。 My name is Kevin. The first twelve years of my life was nearly perfect until my parents told me some terrible news. . .1. . is the terrible news? Before I tell you the news, . .2. . me tell you about a great day in my life. 1. ( ) A. What B. When C. How A 2. ( ) A. letting B. to let C. let C 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 23 Every morning my mum wakes me up softly and takes time to listen to my dreams. Then in the kitchen, there . .3. . a big breakfast and a kind dad waiting for me. During the drive to school, I choose the music we listen to. Mum, Dad, and I sing along loudly. At dinner, we eat and tell stories about our day. . .4. . happily we live! 3. ( ) A. is B. are C. am A 4. ( ) A. What B. What a C. How C 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 24 Well, it's time for me to tell you the bad news. A few months ago, my parents told me that I was going to have a little sister. Ugh!For twelve years, I have been the center of attention. There . .5. . nobody sharing parents with me. I told Mum that I didn't want a baby sister. But it didn't work. Today, Mum and Dad are coming home from the hospital with my new sister. Well, here they are. Suddenly, Mum hugs me and kisses the top of my head. 5. ( ) A. are B. be C. is C 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 25 Before I say anything, Dad puts the baby in my arms and says,“ . .6. . your sister.”My baby sister reaches out her hands and grabs（抓） my finger! . .7. . lovely baby she is! . .8. . do you feel about having a little sister? For me, it is not bad. I believe Mum and Dad have enough love for both of us. 6. ( ) A. Kiss B. To kiss C. Kissing A 7. ( ) A. What B. What a C. What an B 8. ( ) A. Who B. How C. Where B 专题十二 句子的分类 考点梳理 26 一、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） （2024·中山三模） If someone said they‘d pay you $1,800 to stay off social media （社交媒体） for six years, would you do it? 专题十二 句子的分类 课堂小测 27 It is highly . .1. . for a teen in the US to stay from social media, as Sivert Klefaas did, but he did it for a very good reason. When he was just 12 years old, his mother and he made a . .2. .: if he stayed off social media until he was 18, she'd give him $1,800. 1. ( ) A. common B. unusual C. possible D. unsafe B 2. ( ) A. choice B. difference C. deal D. wish C 专题十二 句子的分类 课堂小测 28 Sivert said that he had moments of regret about . .3. . the challenge. “Then I told myself that if I gave up, my efforts would mean nothing. My pride didn't . .4. . me to do that,” he said. Because he didn't use social media, Sivert put all of his . .5. . into sports and studies. He also enjoyed avoiding the drama that came with social media. 3. ( ) A. making up B. taking up C. showing up D. putting up B 4. ( ) A. warn B. teach C. invite D. allow D 5. ( ) A. money B. luck C. time D. trust C 专题十二 句子的分类 课堂小测 29 Mum Lorna Klefsaas started the “18 for 18” challenge. She knows . .6. . how social media can have a bad influence on teens since one of her daughters uses it a lot. She encourages other parents to . .7. . trying the challenge with their kids. She also advises parents to set a （n） . .8. . to children. 6. ( ) A. exactly B. quietly C. proudly D. suddenly A 7. ( ) A. mind B. consider C. avoid D. practice B 8. ( ) A. goal B. plan C. example D. exam C 专题十二 句子的分类 课堂小测 30 “If they see you looking at your phones all day, they will likely . .9. . what you do,” she said. The Internet can be . .10. ., but sometimes focusing（关注） a little more on ourselves is better. Get your head up and put your energy into productive activities. 9. ( ) A. forget B. doubt C. hate D. follow D 10. ( ) A. great B. terrible C. cheap D. boring A 专题十二 句子的分类 课堂小测 31 重点知识积累（英汉互译）: 1. 鼓励某人做某事______________________ 2. stay off______ 3. 对……影响不好__________________________ 4. make a deal__________ encourage sb.to do sth. 远离 have a bad influence on … 达成交易 专题十二 句子的分类 课堂小测 32 二、短文填空。（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空，使文章完整连贯。 注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 when surprise like trouble everything main pain that you brave hardly because 专题十二 句子的分类 课堂小测 33 People usually eat fruits such as apples, pears and bananas. Strawberries look very nice, but a light pressure（挤压） can make them out of shape. Nowadays, many young people are just 11._____ strawberries. They easily break down（崩溃） when they face difficulties. They don't know what to do when they are in 12._______. They are called “strawberry kids”. like trouble when surprise like trouble everything main pain that you brave hardly because 专题十二 句子的分类 课堂小测 34 Why are many students so easy to break down? Parents and schools are a 13.______ reason. Parents do almost 14.__________ for them in their daily life, while schools care more about their grades than mental（精神上的） health. main everything when surprise like trouble everything main pain that you brave hardly because 专题十二 句子的分类 课堂小测 35 Liu Yue is now 13 years old and he is from Fujian. His mum 15._______ criticizes（批评） him and he always feels good about himself in daily life. When a teacher criticized him heavily, he was 16._________ and felt sad. He began to doubt（怀疑） himself. And little by little, he hardly had confidence to face the trouble in his study and life. hardly surprised when surprise like trouble everything main pain that you brave hardly because 专题十二 句子的分类 课堂小测 36 Students should do something to make themselves mentally strong. An expert said, “17.______ you are in trouble, don't ask for help at once. You should try to deal with problems first by 18.________. I also advise you to take an active part in sports and social activities. That can make you mentally strong.” Growing up is not always full of joy. 19.______ also go along with it. The most important thing is to face the pains 20.________ and learn from them. When yourself Pains bravely when surprise like trouble everything main pain that you brave hardly because 专题十二 句子的分类 课堂小测 37 重点知识积累（英汉互译）: 1. 变形的____________ 2. in trouble__________ 3. 主要原因____________ 4. feel good about oneself______________ out of shape 处于困境 main reason 自我感觉良好 专题十二 句子的分类 课堂小测 38 39 $