主题语境22 法律常识与法治意识等-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（话题版）

高考总复习英语(H) ⑦考点精讲课堂 ⊙答题技巧指导 主题语境22法律常识与法治意识等 ⑦高考备战策略 ⊙电子课件文档 扫码领取 话 人教版 必修第二册：UNIT1 CULTURAL HERITAGE 与教 北师版 选择性必修第四册：UNIT11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE 外研版 选择性必修第三册：Unit3 War and peace 语基验收>复盘共赢 Part1分类识记单词 一用时少·功效高 阅 1.bark vi.&.n. 9.motive n. 5.crew n. 单 2.bat n. 10.motor n. 6.decent adj. vi.&.vt. adj. 7.episode n. 3.Confucianism n. 11.prohibit vt. 其意 8.genuine adj. 4.corporate adj. 12.recreation n. [记准记牢 [用准用活] vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 2. ado.&,prep.上（船、飞机、公共汽车等） 1.At present,the team is looking into the 3 ot.控告；控诉；谴责；打拍打 cause of the forest fire,which n.候选人；应试者 more than 30 deaths. ot.引起；导致n.原因；事业；目标 2.If weather they will go for an outing tomorrow. 6. n.犯罪活动；不法行为 3.The woman refused to being n.家具 核 called a thief and said she hadn't stolen an- 心 8. ol.&ui.评价；评判；判断n.法官；审判 ything in the supermarket. 词 员；裁判员 4.They carrying out the plan for 9 adj.法律的；合法的 练其 lack of money. 10. n.[C]通行证，许可证，执照u.许可， 5.There is solid evidence to show he was not 允许，准许 there when the took place. 11. n.抗议l.&vi.（公开)反对；抗议 6.They said sorry to Henry for their 12. adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的 behavior and asked for his forgiveness. 13. adj.粗鲁的；无礼的 7.Mr.Yang was of accepting 14. vi.沉没；下沉；下降ut.使下沉；使 others'money illegally,but he denied hav- 沉没 ing done so. 15. adj.深入的；彻底的；细致的 8.When the ship began to down, 16 t.忍受；包容；容许 the people on board fled in panic. 184· 主题群五历史、社会与文化 [记准记牢 [用准用活 .&vi.公布；宣传；做广告→ 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 .广告活动；广告业→ n.广告 1.Living in the country is cheaper,in 2. .申请；应用> n.申请；请 (compare)with the big cities. 求；应用→ n.申请人 3. t.分派；布置；分配> 儿.分 2.To work out the problem of water 配；任务；作业：分派 (short)at present,we can try to process the v.属于→ n.财产；所有物；相 salty water. 关事物 are supposed to be honest 5 .对比，比较> n.对比；比较 with the If you your 6 t.使相信；使确信；说服→ adj.确信的，深信的→ adj.有说服力 goods in a dishonest way,you will be fined 的：令人信服的 up to 50,000 yuan.(advertise) n.罪，罪行；犯罪活动→ n.罪 4.His idea was not (convince).At 犯adj.犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的 last I convinced him to change his mind to 拓 6 ad.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→ accept my idea. 展 n.残酷；残忍；残暴 5.Dozens of qualified students took part in 词 9 .忍耐；忍受→ n.忍耐力；耐 the campaign and practised frequently un- 久力 用 der the 10. adj.热情的；热心的→ n.热 (guide)of some experi- 情；热心；热衷的事物 enced writers and teachers. 11. n.&l.羡慕；妒忌→ adj.羡 6.Remember to take your (be 慕的；妒忌的 long)when you get off the bus. 12. u.指导；引导n.指南：导游→ 7.She made a (resolve)to visit her .指导；引导；导航 relatives more often. 13. n.法律> n.律师 8.The (crime)was caught and put 14. adj.忠诚的；忠实的→ 忠诚 into prison the day before yesterday. 15. .痛苦；苦难；悲惨的生活→ 9.You will need to complete three written adj.痛苦的；令人难受的 (assign)per semester. 16 u.航行；导航→ n.领航员； 10.(2024·新课标I卷)With the rise of (飞机、船舶等上的)航行者 technology,it is easy for people to make 17. vi.&.vt.决定；决心；解决（问题或困 observations of different species with the 难)n.决心；坚定的信念→ n.决议；解 决；坚定 aid of a mobile (apply). 18. adj.短缺；短的；个子矮的→ 11.It is wrong of you to treat your new n.不足，短缺> u.(使)变短 classmates so (cruel). 上串下联· 规律探寻 en-前缀和-en后缀改变词性 后缀-ance高频名词全接触 ①short-→shorten v. 缩短；使变短 ①guidance 指导；领导 ②able→enable v. 使能够 ②importance 重要；重要性 ③large-→enlarge v. 扩大 ③ignorance 无知；愚昧 ④sure→ensure v. 确保；担保 ④performance 履行；表演 ⑤strength→strengthen.加强；巩周 ⑤appearance 出现 ⑥rich>enrich ut.. 使富裕 ⑥tolerance 宽容；容忍 185· 高考总复习英语(H) Part2分组背练短语 一不枯燥·兴趣高 先记牢 再用准 ●[第一组]汉译英 选用左栏短语的正确形式填空 拒绝（某人） 1. the risk of getting infected,Uncle 23 放出（热、光、气味或气体） Li is responsible and devoted to his job. 3. 不管，不顾 2.She spent a whole afternoon 4. 超过；多于 her stamps. 与…和谐相处 3.As the organization suggests,we should pro- 6. 代表（或代替）；为帮助；为了… tect wild animals and plants to live nature. ●[第二组]英译汉 4.How could you such a fantas- 1.sort out tic job when you have been out of work for months? 2.show respect to 5.Small changes in an individual's life can 3.in shortage of the whole community. 4.acknowledge sb./sth.as 6.Tom is a gifted boy in drawing,who partici- 5.have an impact on pates in a painting competition 6.play an important role in his school. ◆上串下联·规律探寻 om的动词短语大全 “动词十0ut”短语荟萃 ①have an impact on 对…有影响 ①sort out 理顺，整理 ②come on 快点，加油 ②break out 突发；爆发 ③hang on 稍等，别挂断 ③run out 用完 ④play a joke on 和某人开玩笑 ④die out 灭绝 ⑤keep on 继续 ⑤put out 扑灭 ⑥live on 以…为食 ⑥let out 泄露；发出（声音） Part 3 句式教材迁移 汇教材·背典句 句型公式 融汇教材 Penicillin is widely considered to be one of the most important medical discover what 引导的表语 ies in history,but it was not (亚历山大· 从句 弗莱明所寻找的东西)when he found it in September 1928.(译林必三Unit4 Scien- tists who changed the world) if引导虚拟条件句 (如果没有海洋动物)，we would all starve. (人教选三UNIT4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE) (她第一次不得不写论文时)，her the first time引导时 tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she ci- 间状语从句 ted their ideas,but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought！(人教选二 UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES) 考点精研，高效练通 Part 1 核心词汇·多维练透 1 permit n.[C通行证，许可证，执照y,许可，允许，准许 (1)permit doing sth.允许做某事 [一维练透]—单句语法填空 permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 DThe visitors are reminded that the museum (2)permission n. 允许，许可 doesn't permit (smoke). 186· 主题群五历史、社会与文化 2I apologized to you that I can't give you the -If we will go to the Great Wall telephone number without Mr.Brown's tomorrow. (permit). we will go to the Great Wall 3The government has already permitted the tomorrow. company (use)special materials to [三维学考对接]一单句语法填空 make it easier for the vehicle to fly. ⑤(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Those who are dressed [二维写美]一一句多译 inappropriately will be refused per- ④如果天气允许，我们明天就去长城。 mit)to participate. 2.tolerate vt.忍受；包容：容许 (1)tolerate(sb.)doing sth. 容忍/忍受（某人） 3Instead of blaming the child,she gave him a 做某事 (tolerate)smile and let him go. (2)tolerance n. 宽容；容忍；忍受 [二维写美]一应用文写作之语言学校 tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的 ④她不会容忍她儿子在下次的物理考试中犯同 [名师点津]“忍受”集合： 样的错误。 (1)stand (2)bear (3)tolerate (4)put She won't up with in the physics test [一维练透]一单句语法填空 next time. D We can't tolerate people throw) garbage here and there,so we will launch a cam- [三维学考对接]一典句赏析 paign to appeal to people to protect the environ- 5So many of us have the belief that being com- ment. fortable is the only state we will tolerate,... 2If neighbors want to get along well with each 我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍 other,they have to show their (tolerate) 的状态，… 3.judge vt.&vi.评价；评判；判断n,法官；审判员；裁判员 (1)judge...from/by... 从…来判断… 2Apparently,blindly following other's advice as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为 will affect our own (judge). (2)judging by/from [二维写美]一读后续写之神态描写 从…来看；根据…来判断 ③从他脸上的表情来看，这个消息一定很可怕。 (3)judg(e)ment n. 看法；判决；判断 the news [名师点津]judging from/by..置于句首作状 must have been terrible. 语。动词-ing形式不受主语的限制，构成独立成 [三维学考对接]一典句赏析 分。类似用法的词或短语还有generally speak ④（全国乙卷）Now as a judge of the competi- ing,frankly speaking,considering等。 [一维练透]一单句语法填空 tion,I can see clearly the huge challenges facing ① (judge)from the above story,we can the musicians in the competition. draw the conclusion that we don't judge a man 现在，作为一名比赛的评委，我可以很清楚地看 his looks. 到音乐家们在比赛中面临的巨大挑战。 4.abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃 (1)abandon oneself to... 沉湎于…；纵情 [二维写美]—句式升级 于… 4I abandoned myself to computer games.I per- abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事 formed extremely badly in the end-of-term ex- (2)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；放纵的 amination. be abandoned to 沉湎于… [一维练透]—单句语法填空 ,I per ①He abandoned (ask)for his guid- formed extremely badly in the end-of-term ex- ance,which was beyond our expectations. amination.(现在分词短语作状语) 2However,last month,these plans I performed ex- (abandon)because of financial problems. 3The young man abandoned himself to tremely badly in the end-of-term examination. (drink)all day because of his failure. (过去分词短语作状语) 187 高考总复习 英语(H) 5.belong v,属于 (1)belong to表示“是…的财产；是…的组 [二维写美]一应用文写作之景点介绍 成部分；是…的成员（属于）”，不能用于进 ③我上周参观过的那个山村，由属于5个民族的 行时态和被动语态。 30个家庭组成 (2)belongings n.财产；所有物；相关事物 The mountain village I visited last week is made [名师点津]belong to作后置定语时常用现在 up of 30 families 分词形式。 five nationalities. [一维练透]一单句语法填空 (belong), [三维学考对接]一典句赏析 DHaving sold most of his the chef wandered in the street,at a loss. ④(2024·北京卷)Our social instincts(本能) ②The wooden house (belong)to me is include the intense desire to belong. being reconstructed now. 我们的社会本能包括强烈的归属感。 6.advertise vt.&i.公布；宣传；做广告 (1)advertise for 为…做广告 2A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one (2)advertisement n. 广告；广告活动 (advertise)as lost in the local paper. (3)advertising n. 广告业；广告 ③ (advertise)is the activity of creating ad- advertising agency 广告代理公司 vertisements and making sure people see them. advertising board 广告方案 维写美]一应用文写作之佳句 ④特别是在现代的今天，广告需要吸引和保持公 [一维练透]一单句语法填空 众的注意力。 ①Not all the (advertise)can be used Particularly now,in modern times, to promote the sale of the products 7.convince vt.使相信：使确信：说服 (1)convince sb.of sth. 使某人信服… [二维写美]—句式升级 convince sb.to do sth. 说服某人做某事 3I am convinced that you like paper-cutting,so I'd convince sb.that... 使某人确信… like to invite you to visit the exhibition,.(建议信) (2)convinced adj. 确信的，深信的 I'd like to invite be convinced of/that..确信… you to visit the exhibition.(分词短语作状语) (3)convincing adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的 [三维学考对接]一满分作文 ④(2o22·新高考I卷)I felt some kind of relief [一维练透]一单句语法填空 and convinced him of his capability to fulfill this ①I'm (convince)that your advice will ambition since he had had sufficient practice and contribute to our good performance,so I sincere- strong determination. ly hope you can help us. 我感觉松了一口气，并说服他，让他有能力实现 ②His speech was so convince)that 这一雄心，因为他做了足够的练习并且有坚定不 everyone present entirely believed what he said. 移的决心。 [Part2经典句式·写作迁移 1.f引导虚拟条件句 (教材对接)If it weren't for sea animals,we would all starve.如果没有海洋动物，我们都会饿死。（人教 选三UNIT4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE) 虚拟条件句所表示的假设是不可能或不大可能 续表 发生或实现的，句中的条件状语从句与主句都需 与现在事 动词的过去式 would/could/ 要用虚拟语气。 实相反 (be动词一般用 should/might 虚拟条件句 主句 的假设 were) 十动词原形 would/could/ (1)动词的过去式 与过去事 should/might 与将来事 (2)were to+动 would/could/ 实相反 had十过去分词 实相反 词原形 should/might +have+过去 的假设 的假设 (3)should十动十动词原形 分词 词原形 188 主题群五历史、社会与文化 [名师点津]在f引导的虚拟条件句中，如果谓 ③Ifit (明天下 语动词由were/should,/had构成（过去完成时） 雨的话)，we would have to put off the sports 时，可以省略f,把它们提到主语前面，条件从句 变为部分倒装句。 meeting. [写作迁移]—微写作/句型转换 4If I had known your telephone number yester- ①If (要是我哥哥在这 day,I would have telephoned you. 儿)，everything would be all right. 2If you had got up earlier, (你就会赶上火车了). would have telephoned you..(部分倒装) 2.the first time引导时间状语从句 (教材对接)I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the first time I read it,and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian..我第一次读到《红楼梦》时就喜欢上了它，并决心把它翻译成保加利亚语。 (外研Unit3 The world meets China) 本句中the first time I read it,..是the first [写作迁移]—微写作/句型转换 time引导的时间状语从句，the first time意思是 ①每次经过学校，我都会想起我的第一个英语老师。 “第一次…的时候”。 I think of my first English teacher. 其他的名词短语作连词：any time,(the)last 2I'll never forget the excitement when I saw time,(the)next time;the moment,the minute, the sea for the first time. the instant等。 -I'll never forget the excitement I saw the sea. 提能加餐~素养培优 [培优1门 多维练通活运用 阅读障碍破除 ②Animal welfare campaigners raised￡70，O00for I.熟词生义 their cause last year. 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的含义 3The bad weather is causing problems for many 1.One of the funniest episodes in the book occurs farmers. in Chapter 6. 4They make common cause for a few purposes, 2.He treated you very nicely and acted like a de- but for the most part,they pursue their own in- cent guy. terests. 3.The virus won't go away and the boy is still feel- 2.judge ing a bit rough. A.n.裁判员B.u.判断C.n.法官D.u.担 4.This conflict will strengthen the American public's re- 任裁判E.u.估计 solve to go to war. DThe judge sentenced him to five years in prison. 5.I've been trying to convince him to see a doctor but in vain. 2The judges'decision is final at the sports meet- Ⅱ.一词多义 ing. 根据语境选出加黑词汇的词性和词义 3As far as I can judge,all of them are to blame. 1.cause A.n.事业B.vt.造成；导致C.n.联手 DIt's difficult to judge how long the journey will D.n.原因 take. D Smoking is the biggest preventable cause of 5She was asked to judge the essay competition. death and disease. 189· 高考总复习英语(H) [培优2]高考语篇培素养一Topic:人类道德规范 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 (2o24·北京卷)Franz Boas's description of Inuit(因纽特人)life in the 1.What can be inferred a- 19th century illustrates the probable moral code of early humans.Here, bout the forming of the norms (were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly,but were well understood and taken to heart.Dishonest and violent behaviours were disap- Inuit's moral code? proved of;leadership,marriage and interactions with other groups were A.Living conditions were loosely governed by traditions.Conflict was often resolved in musical bat- the drive. tles.Because arguing angrily leads to chaos,it was strongly discouraged. B.Unwritten rules were With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so demanding,the the target. Inuit's practical approach to morality made good sense. C.Social tradition was the The similarity of moral virtues across cultures is striking,even though basis. the relative ranking of the virtues may vary with a social group's history and D.Honesty was the key. environment.Typically,cruelty and cheating are discouraged,while cooper- 2.What can we learn from ation,humbleness and courage are praised.These universal norms far pre- this passage? date the concept of any moralising religion or written law.Instead,they are A.Inconveniences are the rooted in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for cause of telling lies. learning and problem solving.Our social instincts (include the intense B.Basic human needs lead desire to belong.The approval of others is rewarding,while their disapprov- to universal norms. al is strongly disliked.These social emotions prepare our brains to shape our C.Language capacity is behaviour according to the norms and values of our family and our communi- limited by self-con- ty.More generally,social instincts motivate us to learn how to behave in a socially complex world. trol. The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system originally used to D.Written laws have great develop habits important for self-care.Our brains use the system to acquire influence on virtues. behavioural patterns regarding safe routes home,efficient food gathering and 3.Which would be the best dangers to avoid.Good habits save time,energy and sometimes your life. title for this passage? Good social habits do something similar in a social context.We learn to tell A.Virtues:Bridges Across the truth,even when lying is self-serving;we help a grandparent even when Cultures it is inconvenient.We acquire what we call a sense of right and wrong. B.The Values of Self-dis- Social benefits are accompanied by social demands:we must get along, cipline but not put up with too much.Hence self-discipline is advantageous.In hu- C.Brains:Walls Against mans,a greatly enlarged brain boosts self-control,just as it boosts problem- Chaos solving skills in the social as well as the physical world.These abilities are D.The Roots of Morality strengthened by our capacity for language,which allows social practices to develop in extremely unobvious ways. ·190· 主题群五历史、社会与文化 ◆素材积累 3What all this tells us is that hurricanes are (一)由文本积累主题词块 much more than just violent,damaging storms. 1.moral code of early humans 2.lead to chaos 2.social 3.the similarity of moral virtues A.社会的 B.交际的C.群居的D.联谊会 4.be rooted in DAt first,language is a social phenomenon and 5.a socially complex world is also the tool of social intercommunication. 6.a sense of right and wrong 7.problem-solving skills 2There is no doubt that these phenomena are 8.social practices shocking and should arouse our social concern. (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 1.code n. 3These endangered gentle giants are highly so- 2.dishonest adj. cial animals 3.leadership n. ◆长句缩写 4.disapprove v. The similarity of moral virtues across cultures is 5.community n. striking,even though the relative ranking of the 6.system n. virtues may vary with a social group's history 7.self-discipline n and environment. 8.advantageous adj. [句子剖析]请将句中的“枝叶”（名词短语、介 (三)由文本辨熟词生义（将词义对应的字母填到横 词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从 线上) 句)去掉，留下“主干”（主谓宾或主系表）。 1.violent The similarity of moral virtues (across cultures) is striking,(even though the relative ranking of :A.暴力的B.剧烈的C.猛烈的D.狂暴的 the virtues may vary with a social group's histo- DThe process will slowly carry on without pro- ry and environment). ducing any violent shake,noises and dust. [句子缩写] 2A violent storm had struck the area. (不超过10个单词) 写作微练~双向提能 Part 1 应用文写作话题练 ●[Step1]练表达—夯基固本 ③一旦吸毒上瘾，很难戒掉。 根据汉语提示完成句子 Once a person it will be hard ①吸毒已成为一个严重的问题，它影响家人并危 及整个社会。 ④许多违法行为与吸毒直接相关。 has become a very serious prob- Many crimes are directly lem,and it also and ⑤为远离毒品，我们应该教育年轻人意识到毒品 的危害性。 ②众所周知，毒品对健康危害很大，可能会造成 吸毒者死亡。 young people As is known to all,drugs do very great harm to should be educated to realize that drugs are too health,and harmful. 191· 高考总复习英语(H) ●[Step2]学升级一亮人一眼 ●[Step3]用衔接一完美成篇 改变句式结构以使表达升级 利用恰当的过渡词汇连句成篇 ①用非限制性定语从句改写句① ②用“否定词十比较级”改写句⑤ Part2读后续写微技能22—情感描写之“宽慰”和“温暖” ●[Step1] 场景续写词汇—语料累积 ⑤当她感谢陌生人的帮助时，感激的泪水从她的眼 形容词/ 睛里涌出，但他只是暖暖地一笑。 warm,warmth,relief,relieved, 动词/名 as she thanked warmly 词/副词 the stranger for his help,but ①to one's relief使某人宽慰的是 .(副词) 2a mixture of warmth and relief ⑥她在寒冷的天气里感到了温暖并且相信处处都 固定 既温暖又宽慰 有善良。 短语 3 breathe a sigh of relief/gasp and believed there was with relief松了口气 kindness in every corner.(形容词) ④feel a surge of relief如释重负 ●[Step3]过渡衔接美文一连句成篇 ●[Step2]场景续写佳句一完成句子 将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的 根据汉语提示完成句子 衔接过渡词汇。 ①看到一辆车靠近，爱丽丝松了一口气。 (形 容词) ②当司机微笑着让她搭车时，她松了一口气。 When the driver with a smile offered a ride to her, .(介词短语) ③爱丽丝终于上车了，一种温暖和解脱交织的感觉 涌上心头。 Alice finally got in the car,and .(名词作主语) ④爱丽丝到了她办公室所在的大楼，如释重负地松 了口气。 (简单句) (分词 Q温馨提 作状语) 学习至此，请完成配套训练主题语境22 ·192·高考总复习 英语(H) 用准用活 4.A[观点态度题。由第五段Ducke的 1.collection 2.donation 3.qualified 话“I was very impressed by the doctors 4.warnings 5.arrangements 6.organi and their assistants working and living zation 7.typically 8.satisfied 9.dis in such little space but still staying fo- tribution 10.divisions 11.possibly cused and very concerned...They were the 12.promotion 13.description 14.disa best chance for many rural people to get the bled 15.instantly 16.association treatment they want.”可知，Ducke对圣 Part2分组背练短语 卢卡斯火车提供的服务表示赞赏。] 先记牢第一组 素材积累 1.carry out 2.break down 3.take in (一)1.由政府资助的医疗列车2.平均 4.in response to 5.look back(on/upon) 持续两天3.预约4.公共卫生服务 6.take the place of 5.提出措施6.急需要现代化7.每天 第二组 1.实际上：在实践中2.注意到 多达150个病人8.得到治疗 3.列…的清单4.曾经：一度 (二)1.乘客2.人口3.全体人员 5.有…的历史6.对…产生影响 4.处方5.站队6.财政的7.遥远的 再用准 8.检查 1.in response to 2.take the place of (三)1.DBAC2.DAB 3.carry out 4.Looking back on/upon 长句缩写 5.broke down 6.take in The government has struggled to come up Part3句式教材迁移 with measures. Whenever I'm facing a difficulty if left un- 写作微练双向提能 checked Part 1 Step 1 DSo far has been un- 考点精研 高效练通 employed 2With the help of some social 核心词汇·多维练透 organisations③feels fortunate④af l.①with②in③in④resolve conflict ford his own house 5make it on a project team 2.Dhas been contribu- Step 2 DSo far,it has been a long time ted②has covered③are consumed since Xiao Wang as well as a few people ④a large quantity of money⑤quantities in our neighbourhood,became unemployed 3.①with②in③a volunteer of English With some social organisations helping Association4.①working②out him,he has found a new job ③with④We must carry on till success Step 3 5.①消除②分解③（谈判）失败 So far,it has been a long time since ④（身体）垮掉⑤（机器）损坏⑥down ⑦from 8out⑨into⑩broke down Xiao Wang,as well as a few people in our on my way home neighbourhood,became unemployed.With 经典句式·写作迁移 some social organisations helping him,he l.①Whatever happened②wherever he went has found a new job.He feels fortunate to 2.①Ifso②if any③If not④if ever get back to work,which helps him out of 提能加餐素养培优培优1 trouble.He hopes to be able to afford his 一、I.1.促进2.设定程序3.担保人 own house like other people.And he be- 4.停业，关门5.促销；推销 lieves that as long as he works hard,he Ⅱ.1.①B②C③D④A can make it. 2.①C②D③B④A Part 2 Step 2 Da wide excitement took 二、l.on/upon2.felt3.applied hold of Mom 2her eyes glittered/twin- 4.qualified 5.was allowed 6.a 7.to kled with excitement her eyes glittering/ respect 8.directing 9.who 10.that twinkling with excitement ③Mom 培优2真题再做 couldn't wait to rush out and excitedly [语篇解读]本文介绍了一辆只接收病 urged us to put up the tent then came 人的列车。从而引出了俄罗斯政府在贫 an excited scream/a scream of excitement 困的农村地区，如伏尔加河以东的克拉斯 5 Mom could hardly contain her excite- 诺亚尔斯克，采取的一些解决公共医疗服 ment 6 my brother and I also felt 务现代化问题的措施。 thrilled we jumped up and down 1.C[细节理解题。由第一段内容可知， with excitement 圣卢卡斯火车不接受普通乘客，只接收 Step 3 病人，并为乡村人口提供基本的医疗服 On the journey to the lake,a wide 务。因此，它的功能类似于医院。] excitement took hold of Mom.Mom insis- 2.D[推理判断题。由第三段内容可知， ted that we go camping in the next village, 俄罗斯政府在贫困的农村地区，如伏尔 her eyes glittering/twinkling with excite- 加河以东的克拉斯诺亚尔斯克，采取了 ment.When we arrived at the camping 一些措施来解决公共医疗服务现代化 place,Mom couldn't wait to rush out and 的问题，包括视颜预约医生和扩展财政 援助项目以激励医生在偏远地区行医。 excitedly urged us to put up the tent. 这表明克拉斯诺亚尔斯克需要医疗 Then,Mom walked towards the lake,and then came an excited scream/a scream of 援助。 3.D[细节理解题。由第四段中“For10 excitement.Enjoying the beautiful view, months every year,the train stops at a- Mom could hardly contain her excitement. bout eight stations over two weeks,be- Certainly,as it was the first time that we fore returning to the regional capital to had helped father cook food outdoors,my refuel and restock(补给).”可知，圣卢brother and I also felt thrilled..Breathing 卡斯火车每次补给可以持续大约两周the fresh air and smelling the delicious 的工作。 food,we jumped up and down with excite- ment. ·404· 主题语境22 语基验收复盘共赢 Part1分类识记单词阅读单词·知其意 1.(狗)吠叫：吠叫声 2.球拍：编蝠用 球板击球；拍打3.孔子学说；儒家（学 说)4.公司的：法人的：社团的5.（轮 船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团 队：一群人6.相当不错的：正派的：得体 的7.（人生的）一段经历；（小说的）片 段；插曲8.真正的：真诚的：可信赖的 9.动机；原因；目的10.发动机；马达 有引擎的；机动车的 11.(尤指以法令) 禁止；阻止12.娱乐：消道：游戏 核心单词·练其通记准记牢 1.abandon 2.aboard 3.accuse 4.can- didate 5.cause 6.crime 7.furniture 8.judge 9.legal 10.permit 11.protest 12.rough 13.rude 14.sink 15.thor ough 16.tolerate 用准用活 1.caused 2.permits 3.tolerate 4.a bandoned 5.crime 6.rude 7.accused 8.sink 拓展单词·用其活记准记牢 1.advertise advertising advertisement 2.apply application applicant 3.as sign assignment 4.belong belongings 5.compare comparison 6.convince convinced convincing 7.crime crimi nal 8.cruel cruelty 9.endure endur- ance 10.enthusiastic enthusiasm 11.envy envious 12.guide guidance 13.law lawyer 14.loyal loyalty 15.misery miserable 16.navigate navigator 17.resolve resolution 18 short shortage shorten 用准用活 1.comparison 2.shortage 3.Advertis ers advertisements advertise 4.C0n vincing 5.guidance 6.belongings 7.resolution 8.criminal 9.assignments 10.application 11.cruelly Part2分组背练短语 先记牢第一组 1.turn sb.down 2.give off 3.regard- less of 4.more than 5.in harmony with 6.on behalf of 第二组 1.理顺，整理：把……安排好2.对…… 表达敏意3.短缺，缺少，缺乏4.承认 某人或某物是… 5.对……有影响 6.在…中起重要作用 再用准 1.Regardless of 2.sorting out 3.in harmony with 4.turn down 5.have an impact on 6.on behalf of Part3句式教材迁移 what Alexander Fleming was looking for If it weren't for sea animals The first time that she had to write an essay 考点精研高效练通 核心词汇·多维练透 l.①smoking②permission③to use weather permits Weather permitting ⑤permission2.①throwing ②toler ance③tolerant④tolerate/bear/stand put up with her son making the same mis takes3.①Judging by/from ②judg (e)ment 3Judging from the look on his face 4.①asking ②were abandoned ③drinking ④Abandoning myself to computer games Abandoned to computer 的社会学习和问题解决机制中，所以 games 5.①belongings ②belonging “道德的起源”适合作为文章标题。] ③belonging to./which belong to6.①ad 素材积累 vertisements ②advertised③Advertis- (一)1.早期人类的道德准则2.导致混 ing advertisements need to attract and 乱 3.道德美德的相似性4.根植于 hold the attention of the public 7.Dcon- 一个社会复杂的世界6.一种是非对 vinced②convincing ③Convinced that 错的感觉7.解题技巧8.社会实践 you like paper-cutting (二)1.行为准则2.不诚实的3.领导： 经典句式·写作迁移 领先地位 4.不赞成5.社区 6.系统 1.Omy brother were here ②you would 7.自律 8.有利的：有好处的 have caught the train ③should rain/ (三)1.BCD2.BAC were to rain/rained tomorrow ④HadI 长句缩写 known your telephone number yesterday The similarity of moral virtues is striking. 2.①Every time I pass the school②the 写作微练双向提能 first time Part 1 Step 1 ①Taking drugs affects 提能加餐素养培优培优1 the family endangers the whole society 、I.1.片段2.举止得体3.身体不 2they are likely to cause drug addicts to 适的；不舒服的4.决心5.说服，劝说 die 3is addicted to drugs to give up Ⅱ.1.①D②A③B④C ④related to taking drugs⑤In order to 2.①C②A③B④E⑤D keep away from drugs 培优2真题再做 Step 2 D Taking drugs has become a [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。主要 very serious problem,which affects the 围绕人类道德规范的起源进行讨论，介绍 family and also endangers the whole socie- 了早期人类道德准则的形成过程及其如 ty In order to keep away from drugs, 何根植于人类基本需求及共同的社会学 young people should be educated to realize 习和问题解决机制中。 that drugs can't be more harmful l.C[推理判断题。根据第一段“Here, Step 3 norms(规范)were unwritten and rare Taking drugs has become a very seri- ly expressed clearly,but were well un- ous problem,which affects the family and derstood and taken to heart.Dishonest also endangers the whole society.As is and violent behaviours were disapproved known to all,drugs do very great harm to of;leadership,marriage and interac- health,and they are likely to cause drug tions with other groups were loosely addicts to die.Once a person is addicted to governed by traditions.Conflict was of- drugs,it will be hard to give up.Mean- ten resolved in musical battles.Because while many crimes are directly related to arguing angrily leads to chaos,it was taking drugs.Therefore,in order to keep strongly discouraged.With life in the away from drugs,young people should be unforgiving Northern Canada being so educated to realize that drugs can't be demanding,the Inuit's practical ap- more harmful. proach to morality made good sense. Part 2 Step 2 DAlice felt relieved to 这里，规范是不成文的，很少明确表达 see a car approaching 2she gasped with 但被很好地理解和铭记。不赞成不诚 relief a mixture of warmth and relief 实和暴力行为：领导、婚姻以及与其他 flooded over her Alice reached the tall 群体的互动都受到传统的松散控制 building where her office was. She 冲突往往通过音乐斗争来解决。因为 breathed a sigh of relief Reaching the 愤怒的争论会导致混乱，所以被强烈反 tall building where her office was,Alice 对。在无情的加拿大北部，生活的要求 breathed a sigh of relief 5Tears of ap- 如此之高，因纽特人对待道德的务实态 preciation welled up in her eyes he just 度很有道理。)”可知，因纽特人的生活 smiled warmly ⑥She felt warm in the 中，规范是不成文的，因纽特人的道德 cold day 准则的形成是以社会传统为基础的。 Step 3 2.B[细节理解题。根据第二段“These Alice felt relieved to see a car ap- universal norms far pre-date the concept proaching.When the driver with a smile of any moralising religion or written offered a ride to her,she gasped with re- law.Instead,they are rooted in the sim- lief.Then Alice finally got in the car,and ilarity of basic human needs and our a mixture of warmth and relief flooded o- shared mechanisms for learning and ver her.Reaching the tall building where problem solving.(这些普遍规范远远早 her office was,Alice breathed a sigh of 于任何道德化宗教或成文法律的概念。 relief.Tears of appreciation welled up in 相反，它们植根于人类基本需求的相似 her eyes as she thanked the stranger for 性以及我们学习和解决问题的共同机 his help,but he just smiled warmly.She 制。)”可知，普遍的道德规范植根于人 felt warm in the cold day,and believed 类基本需求的相似性以及我们学习和 there was kindness in every corner. 解决问题的共同机制，即人类的基本需 主题语境23 求导致普遍的道德规范形成。] 语基验收复盘共赢 3.D[主旨大意题。根据第一段“Franz Part1分类识记单词阅读单词·知其意 Boas's description of Inuit(因纽特人) 1.山洞：洞穴2.线索：提示3.对照，使 life in the 19th century illustrates the 与…对比4.部：司：科；系5.数码 probable moral code of early humans. 的：数字显示的6，遗产7.历史上著名 (弗朗兹·博厄斯对19世纪因纽特人 的：有史时期的8.形象；印象：画像：图 生活的描述说明了早期人类可能的道 像9.重要议题宣布；公布10.珠宝： 德准则。)”以及文章内容可知，本文围 宝石11.山峰爬上：登上12.引用 绕人类道德规范的起源进行讨论，主要 13.顶部：屋顶14.遗物：遗迹：遗址 介绍了早期人类道德准则的形成过程 15.共和国 及其如何根植于人类基本需求及共同 ·405· 参考答案 核心单词·练其通记准记牢 1.committee 2.debate 3.entrance 4.exit 5.former 6.forever 7.opinion 8.overseas 9.process 10.protest 11.quality 12.rare 13.rebuild 14.re move 15.sink 用准用活 1.former 2.opinion 3.protests 4.re moved 5.sank 6.committee 7.en trance /exit 8.processing 拓展单词·用其活记准记牢 1.amaze amazing amazed amazement 2.appear disappear appearance disap pearance 3.attempt attempted 4.cre ate creative creativity creatively 5.culture cultural 6.design designer 7.doubt doubtful undoubtedly 8.es tablish establishment 9.explode ex plosion 10.identify identity identifica tion 11.formal informal 12.investi gate investigation investigator 13.loss lose lost 14.preserve pres ervation 15.prevent prevention pre ventive 16.professor profession pro fessional 17.propose proposal 18.value valuable 19.wood wooden 20.worthwhile worth worthy 用准用活 1.Cultural 2.identify 3.Prevention 4.wooden 5.amazing 6.creativity 7.designer 8.proposal 9.appearance 10.attempted 11.establishment 12,ex- plosion 13.investigation 14.loss 15.preservation 16.professional 17.val- uable Part2分组背练短语 先记牢第一组 1.search for 2.lead to 3.belong to 4.take apart 5.turn to 6.think highly of 第二组 1.处于交战状态2.保持平衡3.确保： 设法保证4.系上或贴上；把…附加到 5.阻止…做/免于… 6.参与（某 事)；参加（某活动） 再用准 1.turn to 2.took part in 3.lead to 4.make sure 5.belong to 6.think highly of 7.searched for 8.attach to Part3句式教材迁移 There is little doubt that why people compose poetry It is said that Not only had the countries found a path but they had also learnt 考点精研高效练通 核心词汇·多维练透 l.①contrasting②by ③with④In contrast to the diligent bee 5to 2.①under②about③without/beyond a debate on whether Senior 3 students should attend3.①former②the ③latter④can the former become relia ble knowledge 4.Da number of films of high quality 2are good in quality ③is of good quality5.①to walk②explai- ning③to protect④every international student attempting to make their own tea ⑤to improve6.①from/against ②pre serves③preservation④should take took measures to preserve the natural re sources7.①falling ②prevention ③being polluted④be taken to prevent the environment from being destroyed