专题02 Units 5～6（语法综合练）英语新教材鲁教版五四学制六年级下册

专题02 Unit 5-6（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、人称代词与物主代词 （一） 人称代词 人称代词主要有主格和宾格之别。主格在句中作主语，宾格在句中作宾语。详见下表。 单、复数 单数 复数 人称 一 二 三 一 二 三 意义 我 你 他 她 它 我们 你们 他们 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格 me you him her it us you them （二） 物主代词 物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词，名词性物主代词相当于名词后不加名词。详见下表。 单、复数 单数 复数 人称 一 二 三 一 二 三 人称 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他们的 形容词性 my your his her its ours your their 名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别 1.形容词性物主代词位于名词前, 用作定语, 限定该名词的意义。相当于一个形容词其后加名词。 2.名词性物主代词在句子中充当主语、宾语或表语, 相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”相当于一个名词, 后面不能再跟名词。 二、频度副词 描述一定时间内动作发生的次数的副词，频度副词作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词，be动词之后。 常见频度副词有： 副词 频率 中文释义 例句 always 100% 总是，一直 I always wash my hands before meals. usually ~90% 通常，平常 We usually have math class in the morning. often ~70% 经常，常常 She often listens to English songs. sometimes ~50% 有时 I sometimes play the piano after school. seldom ~10% 很少，不常 He seldom eats sweet food. hardly ever ~5% 几乎从不 I hardly ever stay up late. never 0% 从不，从未 They never fight with each other. 表示频度短语 短语 中文释义 例句 every day/week/month/year 每天/每周/每月/每年 I read English every day. once a day/week/month 一天/一周/一月一次 She calls her grandma once a week. twice a day/week/month 一天/一周/一月两次 We have PE class twice a week. three times a week/month 一周/一月三次 He goes swimming three times a week. 三、可数名词与不可数名词 （一）可数名词。 可数名词是可以用数量加以计算的名词，所以它具有单数形式和复数形式两种。 1.规则的可数名词的复数变化规则如下表: 构成方式 例　词 一般在词尾加-s desk→desks ;　tree→trees 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的加-es brush→brushes　; watch→watches 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词, 把y变为i, 再加-es factory→factories； family→families 以f或fe结尾的词, 一般把f或fe改为v, 再加-es knife→knives  ；leaf→leaves 【注意】以o结尾的名词，多数加-es e.g. hero—heroes 但也有只加-s e.g. piano—pianos 注：以 o 结尾的名词，我们可按下面一条规律来记住它们的复数形式： 指人和农作物的加 -es、其他的加 -s． （或者是有生命的加 -es，无生命的加 -s） 初中阶段常见的：heroes, potatoes, tomatoes 2.不规则的可数名词的变化规则: 有些可数名词的复数形式没有规则, 不能在其后加-s或-es。不规则复数形式主要有如下几种情况: ①变内部元音字母: man—men　　　woman—women tooth—teeth foot—feet goose—geese mouse—mice ②词尾加-(r)en: child—children ox—oxen ③单复数同形: sheep　　deer　　Chinese　　Japanese （二）不可数名词。 不可数名词不能用数字计算，所以它通常只有单数形式。不可数名词不能与a/an和数词连用如：English,air,water,cotton,work…。需表示数量时，常用表示量的词或短语 a piece of 一片，一块 a cup of一杯 a bottle of一瓶 a bag of一袋 a glass of一玻璃杯 【注意1】有些名词既可以是可数名词又可以是不可数名词，意义不同。如， time,不可数名词意为“时间”，可数名词意为“次数，倍数”；chicken，不可数名词意为“鸡肉”，可数名词意为“鸡”。 【注意2】抽象名词看成具体的事物时一般看作是可数名词，如，pleasure 令人快乐的事，surprise令人惊讶的事，worry令人担忧的事，success成功的事。 （三）名词的修饰语 1.只修饰可数名词：few, a few, many, a (large) number of 等； 2.只修饰不可数名词：little, a little, much, a (large) amount of 等; 3. 既修饰可数名词又修饰不可数名词：some,any,lots of, a lot of，plenty of 等 一、单项选择 1. Everyone in our neighborhood loves my grandma because she is ______ kind to others. A. never B. always C. seldom D. sometimes 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们社区的每个人都喜欢我奶奶，因为她对别人总是很友善。 never 从不；always 总是；seldom 很少；sometimes 有时。根据“Everyone in our neighborhood loves my grandma”可知，她总是对别人友善，故选B。 2.—What a good ________ you've given me!Thanks a lot． —My pleasure． A．information B．news C．suggestion D．Advice 【答案】C 【解析】 “information”“news”“advice”均为不可数名词，“suggestion”是可数名词。“a good +可数名词单数”，所以选C。 3.It may come as no surprise that this animal-loving postman has ________ dogs and cats at home. A. a few B. a little C. kind of D. too much 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这位热爱动物的邮递员家里有几只狗和猫，这并不奇怪。 a few几个，修饰可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；kind of有点, too much 太多。此处修饰可数名词复数dogs用a few。故选A。 4.1. —Is it a very difficult problem? —Yes, it is. So ______ students can work it out. A. much B. few C. little D. more 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—这是一道很难的题吗？—是的，很难。所以几乎没有学生能做出来。 much/little  修饰不可数名词， students  是可数名词复数，直接排除A、C； more  表示“更多”，与“题目很难”的语境矛盾，排除D； few  表示“几乎没有”，修饰可数名词复数，符合“难题没人会做”的逻辑，故选B 5.—Mom, which club should I choose, the art club or the science club? —It’s up to ________. Just follow your heart. A. me B. us C. you D. them 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——妈妈，我应该选择哪个俱乐部，艺术俱乐部还是科学俱乐部？——这取决于你。跟着你的心走。 考查代词辨析。me我；us我们；you你；them他们。根据“Just follow your heart.”可知，此处指选择哪个俱乐部都取决于“你”，跟着自己的心走。故选C。 6.________ sister is in the school tennis team. I’m proud of ________. A．I; she B．I; her C．My; she D．My; her 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我的姐姐是学校女子网球队的一员。我为她感到骄傲。 考查代词辨析。I我，主格；My我的，形容词性物主代词。第一处作定语修饰“sister”，用形容词性物主代词My，排除AB。she她，主格；her她，宾格。第二处在介词of后，用宾格her。故选D。 7.—Would you like some sugar? —No, thanks. I ______ eat sugar. It's not good for my teeth. A. often B. usually C. sometimes D. hardly ever 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你想要些糖吗？——不用了，谢谢。我几乎从不吃糖，它对我的牙齿不好。 考查频度副词辨析。often经常；usually通常；sometimes有时；hardly ever几乎从不。根据答句拒绝加糖以及后句说对牙齿不好，可知是几乎不吃糖，故为D。 8.—How often do you read English books? —______. A. Once B. Two time a day C. Third times a day D. Twice a day 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你多久读一次英语书？——一天两次。 考查频率表达。how often用于提问频率。Once一次，缺少时间范围，表达不完整；Two time a day错误，应为two times a day；Third times a day错误，应为three times a day；Twice a day一天两次，表达正确。故为D。 9. — ___________ do you help your parents do housework? —I do that three times a week. A. How far B. How often C. How many D. How soon 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你多久帮父母做一次家务？——我一周做三次。 考查疑问短语辨析。How far多远，提问距离；How often多久一次，提问频率；How many多少，提问可数名词数量；How soon多久以后，提问将来时间。答句three times a week是频率，用How often提问。故为B。 10.—________ milk do we need ? —Two bags. A. How long B. How often C. How many D. How much 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我们需要多少牛奶？——两袋。 考查疑问短语辨析。How long多长，提问长度或时间；How often多久一次，提问频率；How many多少，修饰可数名词复数；How much多少，修饰不可数名词。milk是不可数名词，用How much提问。故为D。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.（2025年青岛中考真题）One of the _________ (way) researchers are able to do this is by looking at pictures taken by satellites above the Earth. 【答案】ways 【解析】句意：研究人员能够做到这一点的方法之一是查看地球上方卫星拍摄的照片。one of后加可数名词复数ways“方法”。故填ways。 2.After seven ________ （month）of full backpacking in Africa from Cape Town to Cairo, I realized having a student-like mind helped me learn a lot, 【答案】months 【解析】句意：在非洲从开普敦到开罗的七个月的背包旅行中，我意识到有一颗学生的心帮助我学到了很多东西，这比我以往任何一次旅行都更让我满意。month是可数名词，位于seven后，应用复数名词，故填months。 3.Calligraphy is now one of my _________ (hobby) that help me relax. 【答案】hobbies 【解析】句意：现在，书法已成为我的一项有助于放松身心的爱好。one of后用名词复数形式，故填hobbies。 4.1.Uncle Tom will come to visit__________(we) next Saturday. How happy we are! 【答案】us 【解析】句意：汤姆叔叔下周六要来看我们。我们多开心啊！visit 是动词，后接人称代词宾格，故填 us。 5.(2025年东营中考真题改编）“Yes, Mom,” said Squeaky. “It really does. It has a grey coat that is like ________( I ), but it is much bigger. .” 【答案】mine 【解析】句意：它有和我一样的灰色皮毛，但它要大得多。根据“It has a grey coat that is like”可知，此处指和我的皮毛一样，mine“我的”，名词性物主代词，相当于my coat，符合语境。故填mine。 6. I left my dictionary at home. Luckily, Frank lent__________(he) to me. 【答案】 his 【解析】句意为“我把字典落在家里了。幸运的是，弗兰克把他的字典借给了我。”此处指代“他的字典”，用名词性物主代词 his。 7. My brother, Tom likes Yang Yuying very much and he thinks__________(she) voice is pretty sweet. 【答案】her 【解析】句意为“我的弟弟汤姆非常喜欢杨钰莹，他认为她的嗓音非常甜美。”此处修饰名词 voice，用形容词性物主代词 her。 8.（2025年济南中考节选）Ancient China developed over 200 special sports. Many of ______ (they) have a long history. 【答案】them 【解析】 句意：其中许多运动都有着悠久的历史。of是介词，其后用宾格them作宾语，故填them。 9（2025年临沂中考节选）Let’s search for ____ ___ (it) past and present together. 【答案】its 【解析】 句意：让我们一起探寻它的过去与现在吧。空处修饰past and present，应该用it的形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。故填its。 10.（2025年青岛中考节选）Scientists can also watch penguins’ movements by giving _______ (they) special electronic tags. 【答案】them 【解析】句意：科学家们还可以通过给企鹅贴上特殊的电子标签来观察它们的活动。give sb. sth.“给某人某物”，作宾语用代词宾格them。故填them。 11．—Is this Li Mei’s volleyball? —Yes, it’s ________ （she）. Look, there is “LM” on it. 【答案】hers 【解析】句意：——这是李梅的排球吗？——是的，是她的。看，上面有“LM”。 由“Look, there is ‘LM’ on it”可知，此处指是李梅的排球，回答中使用名词性物主代词hers表示“她的排球”。故填hers。 11．—Is this Li Mei’s volleyball? —Yes, it’s ________ （she）. Look, there is “LM” on it. 【答案】hers 【解析】句意：——这是李梅的排球吗？——是的，是她的。看，上面有“LM”。 句中空后没有名词，需要用名词性物主代词指代“她的排球”，she对应的名词性物主代词是hers。故填hers。 12. My sister always______ (go)to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day. 【答案】goes 【解析】句意：我姐姐总是早睡，因为她每天需要大量睡眠。 主语My sister是第三人称单数，由always和every day可知句子为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填goes。 13.—Do you like seeing a movie on your phone? —No. I hardly ______ (do )that because it makes me uncomfortable. 【答案】do 【解析】句意：——你喜欢在手机上看电影吗？——不，我几乎不那样做，因为这让我不舒服。 主语为I，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。故填do。 14.My father_________( play )tennis once a week. 【答案】plays 【解析】句意：我爸爸一周打一次网球。 once a week表示习惯性动作，句子用一般现在时；主语My father是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填plays。 15.— _________ (who) volleyball is this? — It’s Tom’s. 【答案】Whose 【解析】句意：——这是谁的排球？——是汤姆的。 问句询问物品归属，修饰名词volleyball要用疑问词whose表示“谁的”，句首首字母大写。故填Whose。 一、语法填空 Every place has 1.________(it) own special food. It always 2.________(give) people a warm feeling of home. Guotie is the kind of special food that can give people such a 3._______(feel). As a kind of dumpling, it is very popular in many 4.________(place). There are many folk stories 5.________ Guotie. One is from an emperor in the Song Dynasty （朝代）. The emperor didn’t want to eat anything because 6.________(he) mother died. One day, when he walked around the garden, he found that someone was frying some dumplings in a pan, and they smelt （闻到）very good. So the emperor decided 7.________(eat) them. These fried dumplings tasted delicious. The emperor asked the cook about the name of the food, 8._______ the cook could not answer. Then the emperor gave the name Guotie to the food. For many people, Guotie is 9.________(much) than just food. It is also10.________taste of home and a symbol of good luck. 【答案】1. its 2. gives 3. feeling 4. places 5. about 6. his 7. to eat 8. but 9. more 10. a 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了特色美食锅贴，讲述了它的宋代由来传说，它不仅是食物，更是家的味道与吉祥的象征。 1. 句意：每个地方都有它自己独特的食物。此处修饰名词短语own special food，用形容词性物主代词，故为its。 2.句意：它总是给人们一种温暖的家的感觉。主语It是第三人称单数，由always可知为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故为gives。 3. 句意：锅贴就是那种能给人们这种感觉的特色食物。such a后接单数名词，提示词feel，故为feeling。 4. 句意：作为一种饺子，它在很多地方都很受欢迎。many后接可数名词复数，故为places。 5.句意：有很多关于锅贴的民间故事。根据句意表示“关于”，用介词about，故为about。 6. 句意：因为他的母亲去世了，这位皇帝不想吃任何东西。修饰名词mother用形容词性物主代词，故为his。 7. 句意：所以皇帝决定吃它们。decide to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，故为to eat。 8. 句意：皇帝问厨师这种食物的名字，但是厨师答不上来。前后句为转折关系，用连词but，故为but。 9. 句意：对很多人来说，锅贴不仅仅是食物。more than为固定短语，意为“不仅仅；超过”，故为more。 10. 句意：它也是一种家的味道，也是好运的象征。此处表示泛指“一种味道”，taste是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故为a。 二、情景运用 根据所提供的图片，用一个完整的句子提问或应答。 1. A:__________________________ B: I’m not sure, maybe it’s Han Lin’s. 2. A:______________________________________ B: Twice a week. 3. A: What do you usually do on weekends? B: ______________________________________ 4. A: What do you usually have for breakfast? B:_________________________________. 5. A: Would you like tea or coffee? B:_____________________________ 【参考答案】 1.Whose ping-pong ball is this? 2. How often do you play badmiton? 3.I usually go swimming (on weekends) 4. I usually have some bread and milk. 5. I’d like a cup of tea. 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Unit 5-6（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、人称代词与物主代词 （一） 人称代词 人称代词主要有主格和宾格之别。主格在句中作主语，宾格在句中作宾语。详见下表。 单、复数 单数 复数 人称 一 二 三 一 二 三 意义 我 你 他 她 它 我们 你们 他们 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格 me you him her it us you them （二） 物主代词 物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词，名词性物主代词相当于名词后不加名词。详见下表。 单、复数 单数 复数 人称 一 二 三 一 二 三 人称 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他们的 形容词性 my your his her its ours your their 名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别 1.形容词性物主代词位于名词前, 用作定语, 限定该名词的意义。相当于一个形容词其后加名词。 2.名词性物主代词在句子中充当主语、宾语或表语, 相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”相当于一个名词, 后面不能再跟名词。 二、频度副词 描述一定时间内动作发生的次数的副词，频度副词作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词，be动词之后。 常见频度副词有： 副词 频率 中文释义 例句 always 100% 总是，一直 I always wash my hands before meals. usually ~90% 通常，平常 We usually have math class in the morning. often ~70% 经常，常常 She often listens to English songs. sometimes ~50% 有时 I sometimes play the piano after school. seldom ~10% 很少，不常 He seldom eats sweet food. hardly ever ~5% 几乎从不 I hardly ever stay up late. never 0% 从不，从未 They never fight with each other. 表示频度短语 短语 中文释义 例句 every day/week/month/year 每天/每周/每月/每年 I read English every day. once a day/week/month 一天/一周/一月一次 She calls her grandma once a week. twice a day/week/month 一天/一周/一月两次 We have PE class twice a week. three times a week/month 一周/一月三次 He goes swimming three times a week. 三、可数名词与不可数名词 （一）可数名词。 可数名词是可以用数量加以计算的名词，所以它具有单数形式和复数形式两种。 1.规则的可数名词的复数变化规则如下表: 构成方式 例　词 一般在词尾加-s desk→desks ;　tree→trees 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的加-es brush→brushes　; watch→watches 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词, 把y变为i, 再加-es factory→factories； family→families 以f或fe结尾的词, 一般把f或fe改为v, 再加-es knife→knives  ；leaf→leaves 【注意】以o结尾的名词，多数加-es e.g. hero—heroes 但也有只加-s e.g. piano—pianos 注：以 o 结尾的名词，我们可按下面一条规律来记住它们的复数形式： 指人和农作物的加 -es、其他的加 -s． （或者是有生命的加 -es，无生命的加 -s） 初中阶段常见的：heroes, potatoes, tomatoes 2.不规则的可数名词的变化规则: 有些可数名词的复数形式没有规则, 不能在其后加-s或-es。不规则复数形式主要有如下几种情况: ①变内部元音字母: man—men　　　woman—women tooth—teeth foot—feet goose—geese mouse—mice ②词尾加-(r)en: child—children ox—oxen ③单复数同形: sheep　　deer　　Chinese　　Japanese （二）不可数名词。 不可数名词不能用数字计算，所以它通常只有单数形式。不可数名词不能与a/an和数词连用如：English,air,water,cotton,work…。需表示数量时，常用表示量的词或短语 a piece of 一片，一块 a cup of一杯 a bottle of一瓶 a bag of一袋 a glass of一玻璃杯 【注意1】有些名词既可以是可数名词又可以是不可数名词，意义不同。如， time,不可数名词意为“时间”，可数名词意为“次数，倍数”；chicken，不可数名词意为“鸡肉”，可数名词意为“鸡”。 【注意2】抽象名词看成具体的事物时一般看作是可数名词，如，pleasure 令人快乐的事，surprise令人惊讶的事，worry令人担忧的事，success成功的事。 （三）名词的修饰语 1.只修饰可数名词：few, a few, many, a (large) number of 等； 2.只修饰不可数名词：little, a little, much, a (large) amount of 等; 3. 既修饰可数名词又修饰不可数名词：some,any,lots of, a lot of，plenty of 等 一、单项选择 1. Everyone in our neighborhood loves my grandma because she is ______ kind to others. A. never B. always C. seldom D. sometimes 2.—What a good ________ you've given me!Thanks a lot． —My pleasure． A．information B．news C．suggestion D．Advice 3.It may come as no surprise that this animal-loving postman has ________ dogs and cats at home. A. a few B. a little C. kind of D. too much 4.1. —Is it a very difficult problem? —Yes, it is. So ______ students can work it out. A. much B. few C. little D. more 5.—Mom, which club should I choose, the art club or the science club? —It’s up to ________. Just follow your heart. A. me B. us C. you D. them 6.________ sister is in the school tennis team. I’m proud of ________. A．I; she B．I; her C．My; she D．My; her 7.—Would you like some sugar? —No, thanks. I ______ eat sugar. It's not good for my teeth. A. often B. usually C. sometimes D. hardly ever 8.—How often do you read English books? —______. A. Once B. Two time a day C. Third times a day D. Twice a day 9. — ___________ do you help your parents do housework? —I do that three times a week. A. How far B. How often C. How many D. How soon 10.—________ milk do we need ? —Two bags. A. How long B. How often C. How many D. How much 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.（2025年青岛中考真题）One of the _________ (way) researchers are able to do this is by looking at pictures taken by satellites above the Earth. 2.After seven ________ （month）of full backpacking in Africa from Cape Town to Cairo, I realized having a student-like mind helped me learn a lot, 3.Calligraphy is now one of my _________ (hobby) that help me relax. 4.1.Uncle Tom will come to visit__________(we) next Saturday. How happy we are! 5.(2025年东营中考真题改编）“Yes, Mom,” said Squeaky. “It really does. It has a grey coat that is like ________( I ), but it is much bigger. .” 6. I left my dictionary at home. Luckily, Frank lent__________(he) to me. 7. My brother, Tom likes Yang Yuying very much and he thinks__________(she) voice is pretty sweet. 8.（2025年济南中考节选）Ancient China developed over 200 special sports. Many of ______ (they) have a long history. 9.（2025年临沂中考节选）Let’s search for ____ ___ (it) past and present together. 10.（2025年青岛中考节选）Scientists can also watch penguins’ movements by giving _______ (they) special electronic tags. 11．—Is this Li Mei’s volleyball? —Yes, it’s ________ （she）. Look, there is “LM” on it. 12. My sister always______ (go)to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day. 13.—Do you like seeing a movie on your phone? —No. I hardly ______ (do )that because it makes me uncomfortable. 14.My father_________( play )tennisonece a week. 15.— _________ (who) volleyball is this? — It’s Tom’s. 一、语法填空 Every place has 1.________(it) own special food. It always 2.________(give) people a warm feeling of home. Guotie is the kind of special food that can give people such a 3._______(feel). As a kind of dumpling, it is very popular in many 4.________(place). There are many folk stories 5.________ Guotie. One is from an emperor in the Song Dynasty （朝代）. The emperor didn’t want to eat anything because 6.________(he) mother died. One day, when he walked around the garden, he found that someone was frying some dumplings in a pan, and they smelt （闻到）very good. So the emperor decided 7.________(eat) them. These fried dumplings tasted delicious. The emperor asked the cook about the name of the food, 8._______ the cook could not answer. Then the emperor gave the name Guotie to the food. For many people, Guotie is 9.________(much) than just food. It is also10.________taste of home and a symbol of good luck. 二、情景运用 根据所提供的图片，用一个完整的句子提问或应答。 1. A:__________________________ B: I’m not sure, maybe it’s Han Lin’s. 2. A:______________________________________ B: Twice a week. 3. A: What do you usually do on weekends? B: ______________________________________ 4. A: What do you usually have for breakfast? B:_________________________________. 5. A: Would you like tea or coffee? B:_____________________________ 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $