易错点05 代词和介词（上海专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

易错点05 代词和介词 目录导航 Group 1 代词核心用法与易错辨析（人称/物主/反身） Group 2 不定代词易错点（some/any/all/both等） Group 3 指示代词与疑问代词易错点 Group 4 中考高频介词（时间/地点/方式）易错辨析 Group 5 介词短语与固定搭配易错点 易错点突破 01 代词核心用法与易错辨析（人称/物主/反身） 核心辨析 1.人称代词：分为主格（作主语）、宾格（作宾语，用于动词/介词后）； 易错点：误将宾格当作主格用在主语位置（如错说“Him and I are friends”，正确为He and I are friends），或主格用于宾语位置（如错说“I give he a book”，正确为I give him a book）。 2.物主代词：分为形容词性物主代词（后接名词，不可单独使用）、名词性物主代词（不接名词，可单独使用，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”）； 易错点：混淆两者用法（如错说“This is my. That is her.”，正确为This is mine. That is hers.）。 3.反身代词：主语与宾语为同一人时使用，常见搭配（enjoy oneself, hurt oneself, by oneself）； 易错点：误用反身代词（如错说“He taught he English”，正确为He taught himself English），或搭配错误（如错说“by him”，正确为by himself）。 例句 1.人称代词：She and I go to school together.（主格she/I作主语）；My mother often helps me with my homework.（宾格me作宾语） 2.物主代词：This is my pen.（形容词性物主代词my+名词pen）；This pen is mine.（名词性物主代词mine单独使用，相当于my pen） 3.反身代词：He enjoyed himself at the party.（反身代词himself作宾语，主语he与宾语为同一人）；She finished the work by herself.（反身代词herself用于固定搭配by oneself） ( 语境串记 Tom and I are classmates. He is good at English, and he often helps me with my English. This is his book, and that is mine. Yesterday, Tom hurt himself when he played basketball. I told him to take care of himself. His mother said she would look after him, so he didn’t go to school today. ) 举一反三 1．When Zhao Xintong won his first World Snooker Championship, we were all proud of ________. A．him B．his C．himself D．he 2．—Ethan and his classmates are busy preparing for the final exam. —That’s why you can always see ________ learning in the library. A．them B．us C．him D．you 3．— Who taught ________ English last term?   — Nobody. She learned it by ________. A．her; her B．she; herself C．her; herself D．herself; her 4．Young people hope to make ________ better so that ________ daily lives can be meaningful. A．their; their B．their; theirs C．themselves; their D．themselves; theirs 5．Kitty met a friend of ________ on her way home yesterday afternoon. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 6．Xiaoyu is a teacher in our school. He teaches ________ math. A．our B．us C．we D．ourselves 7．—Jim and Tom, please help ________ to some bread. —Thank you. A．himself B．yourself C．herself D．yourselves 8．—Where did you get the toy train? —From Jack. He made it ________. A．herself B．yourself C．myself D．himself 9．Yunnan Normal University is very famous for ________ rich history and excellent teaching. A．it B．its C．it’s D．itself 易错点突破 02 不定代词易错点（some/any/all/both等） 核心辨析 1.some与any： some用于肯定句、表示请求/建议的疑问句（希望得到肯定回答）； any用于否定句、疑问句、条件句； 易错点：否定句中误用some（如错说“I don’t have some books”，正确为I don’t have any books），或请求句中误用any（如错说“Can you give me any water?”，正确为Can you give me some water?）。 2.all与both： all指三者或三者以上“都”，后接复数名词/动词复数；both指两者“都”，后接复数名词/动词复数； 易错点：混淆两者修饰范围（如错说“Both students are good”，此处若指三者及以上，正确为All students are good）。 3.other/another/the other/the others：other后接复数名词（泛指“其他的”）；another后接单数名词（泛指“另一个”，三者及以上）；the other后接单数名词（特指“两者中的另一个”）；the others特指“其余全部”；易错点：泛指与特指混淆，单复数搭配错误。 例句 1.I have some apples.（肯定句，some接复数名词）；Can you give me some juice?（请求句，用some）；I don’t have any oranges.（否定句，any接复数名词） 2.All the students are in the classroom.（三者及以上，all接复数名词）；Both my parents are teachers.（两者，both接复数名词） 3.I have other things to do.（泛指，other接复数名词）；I want another book.（三者及以上另一个，another接单数名词）；I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue.（两者中的另一个，the other接单数名词） ( 语境串记 Lucy has some books about English. She doesn’t have any books about history. She asks her friend, “Can you lend me some history books?” Her friend says, “I have two books. One is mine, the other is my sister’s. Both of us like history. All the students in our class like reading. Some read storybooks, others read science books.” ) 举一反三 1．Instead of staying up all night studying, having ________ two hours’ sleep will do you more good in the exam. A．other B．another C．the other D．others 2．Paper cutting is one of the most popular traditional arts. I want to learn ________ kind of paper cutting to create a special gift for my grandma. A．other B．the other C．another D．others 3．The editor had a piece of paper on one hand and a dictionary in his ________ hand. A．other B．others C．the other D．another 4．—Does the old woman live alone? —Yes. She has a husband and two children, but ________of them live with her. A．all B．either C．neither D．none 5．— Would you like ________ coffee? — Yes, just ________, please. I have to drive later. A．some; little B．any; a little C．some; a little D．any; little 6．—We can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday, but we can’t do ________. —That’s true. It’s an either-or situation. A．all B．either C．neither D．both 7．—The math problem was difficult. Did you ask your teacher or your classmate for help? —________. I worked it out by myself. A．Either B．Both C．Neither D．None 8．—Oh, no! I cannot find my exercise book anywhere. —I saw ________ on the teacher’s desk, but I am not sure whether yours is included. A．it B．one C．some D．any 易错点突破 03 指示代词与疑问代词易错点 核心辨析 1.指示代词：this（近指，单数）、these（近指，复数）、that（远指，单数）、those（远指，复数）；易错点：指代前文提到的单数可数名词/不可数名词用that，复数用those（如错说“The weather in Shanghai is better than this in Beijing”，正确为that in Beijing）；电话用语中用this指代自己，that指代对方。 2.疑问代词：what（什么，问事物）、who（谁，问人，主格）、whom（谁，问人，宾格）、whose（谁的，问所属）、which（哪一个，问选择）； 易错点：误用who与whom（如错说“Who are you talking to?”，此处whom作宾语，可省略或用who，但正式场合用whom）；whose后可接名词或单独使用。 例句 1.指示代词：This is my pen.（近指单数）；Those are their books.（远指复数）；The population of China is larger than that of India.（指代不可数名词population用that）；Hello, this is Lucy speaking.（电话用语，this指代自己） 2.疑问代词：What is your name?（问事物）；Who is that man?（问人，主格）；Whom are you waiting for?（问人，宾格）；Whose book is this?（问所属）；Which one do you like better?（问选择） ( 语境串记 Lucy is talking on the phone. “Hello, this is Lucy. Is that Tom?” Tom says, “Yes, this is Tom. What are you doing?” Lucy says, “I’m looking at some photos. These are my family photos, and those are my friend’s photos. Whose bike is that outside? I don’t know who it belongs to. Which photo do you like best?” Tom says, “I like the one with your dog.” ) 举一反三 1．—________ is the population of your hometown? —About two million. A．How many B．How much C．What D．Which 2．—________ makes breakfast for you every day? —My grandma. She’s a good cook. A．How B．What C．Where D．Who 3．—Excuse me, are ________ shoes over there by the door yours? —Oh, yes. Thank you for reminding me. A．this B．that C．these D．those 4．Look at ________ beautiful flowers! They are from Yunnan. A．this B．these C．that D．those 5．— Look at the photo. ________ is my sister. — Oh, ________ is pretty. A．Those; she B．That; he C．This; she D．These; they 6．This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ________. A．whoever B．whenever C．whatever D．wherever 7．—________ cup is this, Jack? —Maybe it’s Mary’s, but I’m not sure about it. A．Whom B．Who C．Whose D．What 8．________ we meet with, never ________ trying to work hard. This is the best way to improve ourselves. A．No matter what, give away B．No matter how, give up C．Whatever, give up D．However, give in 9．According to the survey, women ________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than ________ who don’t. A．who; that B．/; these C．who; those D．/; that 10．—Which of ________ do you prefer, this pen or that one? —I like this one. It writes more smoothly. A．these B．that C．this D．those ones 易错点突破 04 中考高频介词（时间/地点/方式）易错辨析 核心辨析 上海中考高频考点，重点区分时间、地点、方式介词的用法，避免混淆，以下为中考必考介词： 介词类型 高频介词 用法及易错点 时间介词 in/on/at in+年/月/季节/上午/下午/晚上； on+具体日期/星期/节日； at+具体时刻/正午/午夜； 易错点：具体某一天的上午用on（如on Sunday morning），不用in。 地点介词 in/on/at in+大地点（国家/城市）； on+表面（物体上）； at+小地点（车站/学校/家）； 易错点：at home/school固定搭配，不用in/on。 方式介词 by/in/on/with by+交通工具（无冠词）； in+封闭交通工具； on+开放交通工具； with+工具/身体部位； 易错点：by bus（不用the），in a car（用a）。 例句 1.时间介词：in 2026；in July；in spring；on June 1st；on Monday；at 7:30；at noon。 2.地点介词：in China；in Shanghai；on the desk；at the station；at home；at school。 3.方式介词：by bike；by plane；in a taxi；on a bus；write with a pen；eat with chopsticks。 ( 语境串记 Lucy was born in 2012, in July. On her birthday, July 15th, her parents took her to the park. They went there by bus. At 9 o’clock in the morning, they arrived at the park. They played on the grass and had a picnic in the afternoon. Lucy drew a picture with a pencil, and her father took photos with a camera. They went home at 5 o’clock in the evening. ) 举一反三 1．—How do you study for a test? —________ reading English books. A．With B．By C．On D．For 2．— Our team worked day and night on the project but we are still a week ________ schedule. — We need to work faster to catch up. A．in B．above C．under D．behind 3．The boy is going to plant a little tree ________ Sunday. A．at B．on C．in D．of 4．We can also learn a lot about the city’s history ________ works of art. A．with B．across C．through D．past 5．—How do you make yourself relaxed before making a speech? —________ listening to soft music. A．On B．With C．For D．By 6．From the top of the mountains,the houses ________ looked like small boxes. A．below B．under C．above D．over 7．Go straight until you see a museum ________ your left. A．with B．at C．on D．from 8．My birthday is ________ June 12th, and I was born ________ 2008. A．in; on B．on; in C．at; in D．on; at 9．________ February 2026, Ning Zhongyan from China broke the Olympic record for 1500 metres speed skating. A．In B．On C．At D．For 10．My aunt ________ be at home now, for she left for France yesterday. She won’t be back ________ next month. A．can’t; until B．maybe; before C．may not; after D．mustn’t; until 易错点突破 05 介词短语与固定搭配易错点 核心辨析 上海中考高频易错点，重点记忆固定介词搭配，避免介词误用、遗漏或多余，以下为中考必考固定搭配： 固定搭配 正确用法 易错错误 擅长 be good at 错：be good in/at 对……感兴趣 be interested in 错：be interested on 忙于做某事 be busy with sth. / be busy doing sth. 错：be busy do sth. 迟到 be late for 错：be late to 感谢某人 thank sb. for sth. 错：thank sb. to sth. 等待 wait for 错：wait sb. 易错点补充 1.部分动词后接固定介词，不可随意替换（如look forward to 期待，to是介词，后接动名词，错说look forward to do sth.）； 2.介词不可遗漏（如wait for sb. 不可省略for，thank sb. for sth. 不可省略for）； 3.避免多余介词（如enter the room 不可说enter into the room，enter本身有“进入”含义，无需加into）。 ( 语境串记 Lucy is good at English. She is interested in reading English books. Every day, she is busy with her homework after school. She is never late for school. Yesterday, she waited for her friend at the school gate for 10 minutes. Her friend thanked her for waiting. They are looking forward to having a picnic this weekend. ) 举一反三 1．It takes _________ an hour to walk home from work. But I ride my bike much faster A．in half B．at least C．by accident D．after all 2．In 2026, our school will hold many important events, ________, the School Science Fair. A．at first B．in fact C．in total D．for example 3．—Did you tell your grandma that our family would buy a self-driving car soon? —Yes, but she shook her head ______. She thought I was joking. A．without doubt B．at present C．on purpose D．in disbelief 4．—Will you visit your grandma _________ this weekend? —Of course! I haven’t seen her for months—talking by video call isn’t enough. A．in person B．under pressure C．by accident D．on business 5．—________! I never expected I would win. —Congratulations! A．To my surprise B．In that case C．In my opinion D．To be honest 6．—Have you read the latest book by the famous writer? —No. But ________ Tom, it’s a wonderful book. He is crazy about it. A．except for B．instead of C．thanks to D．according to 7．We practiced hard for the red song competition every day for a month. ______, we got first prize. A．For example B．In fact C．As a result D．At first 8．—Your school basketball team finally won first place. Congratulations! —Thanks! They trained very hard and were always one step ________ the other teams during the competition. A．ahead of B．next to C．far from D．because of 9．The Moon is ________ 380,000 kilometres from the Earth. A．over B．around C．more than D．less than ( 1 / 15 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 易错点05 代词和介词 易错点突破 01 代词核心用法与易错辨析（人称/物主/反身） 举一反三 1．【答案】A 2．【答案】A 3．【答案】C 4．【答案】C 5．【答案】C 6．【答案】B 7．【答案】D 8．【答案】D 9．【答案】B 易错点突破 02 不定代词易错点（some/any/all/both等） 举一反三 1．【答案】B 2．【答案】C 3．【答案】A 4．【答案】D 5．【答案】C 6．【答案】D 7．【答案】C 8．【答案】C 易错点突破 03 指示代词与疑问代词易错点 举一反三 1．【答案】C 2．【答案】D 3．【答案】D 4．【答案】B 5．【答案】C 6．【答案】C 7．【答案】C 8．【答案】C 9．【答案】C 10．【答案】A 易错点突破 04 中考高频介词（时间/地点/方式）易错辨析 举一反三 1．【答案】B 2．【答案】D 3．【答案】B 4．【答案】C 5．【答案】D 6．【答案】A 7．【答案】C 8．【答案】B 9．【答案】A 10．【答案】A 易错点突破 05 介词短语与固定搭配易错点 举一反三 1．【答案】B 2．【答案】D 3．【答案】D 4．【答案】A 5．【答案】A 6．【答案】D 7．【答案】C 8．【答案】A 9．【答案】B ( 1 / 15 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 易错点05 代词和介词 目录导航 Group 1 代词核心用法与易错辨析（人称/物主/反身） Group 2 不定代词易错点（some/any/all/both等） Group 3 指示代词与疑问代词易错点 Group 4 中考高频介词（时间/地点/方式）易错辨析 Group 5 介词短语与固定搭配易错点 易错点突破 01 代词核心用法与易错辨析（人称/物主/反身） 核心辨析 1.人称代词：分为主格（作主语）、宾格（作宾语，用于动词/介词后）； 易错点：误将宾格当作主格用在主语位置（如错说“Him and I are friends”，正确为He and I are friends），或主格用于宾语位置（如错说“I give he a book”，正确为I give him a book）。 2.物主代词：分为形容词性物主代词（后接名词，不可单独使用）、名词性物主代词（不接名词，可单独使用，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”）； 易错点：混淆两者用法（如错说“This is my. That is her.”，正确为This is mine. That is hers.）。 3.反身代词：主语与宾语为同一人时使用，常见搭配（enjoy oneself, hurt oneself, by oneself）； 易错点：误用反身代词（如错说“He taught he English”，正确为He taught himself English），或搭配错误（如错说“by him”，正确为by himself）。 例句 1.人称代词：She and I go to school together.（主格she/I作主语）；My mother often helps me with my homework.（宾格me作宾语） 2.物主代词：This is my pen.（形容词性物主代词my+名词pen）；This pen is mine.（名词性物主代词mine单独使用，相当于my pen） 3.反身代词：He enjoyed himself at the party.（反身代词himself作宾语，主语he与宾语为同一人）；She finished the work by herself.（反身代词herself用于固定搭配by oneself） ( 语境串记 Tom and I are classmates. He is good at English, and he often helps me with my English. This is his book, and that is mine. Yesterday, Tom hurt himself when he played basketball. I told him to take care of himself. His mother said she would look after him, so he didn’t go to school today. ) 举一反三 1．When Zhao Xintong won his first World Snooker Championship, we were all proud of ________. A．him B．his C．himself D．he 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当赵心童赢得他的第一个世界斯诺克锦标赛冠军时，我们都为他感到骄傲。 him他，人称代词宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词；he他，人称代词主格。根据“we were all proud of...”可知，此处是短语“be proud of sb.”表示“为某人感到骄傲”，of是介词，后面接人称代词宾格作宾语，应填him。 2．—Ethan and his classmates are busy preparing for the final exam. —That’s why you can always see ________ learning in the library. A．them B．us C．him D．you 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Ethan和他的同学们正忙于准备期末考试。——这就是为什么你总能看到他们在图书馆学习。 them他们；us我们；him他；you你，你们。根据上文“Ethan and his classmates”可知，此处指代“Ethan和他的同学们”，是复数第三人称，且在句中作see的宾语，应用其宾格them。 3．— Who taught ________ English last term?   — Nobody. She learned it by ________. A．her; her B．she; herself C．her; herself D．herself; her 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——上学期谁教她英语？——没人。她自学的。 her她（的），人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词；she她，人称代词主格；herself她自己，反身代词。teach sb sth“教某人某事”，动词taught后用人称代词宾格her；learn by oneself表示“自学”，主语是She，第二空用反身代词herself。 4．Young people hope to make ________ better so that ________ daily lives can be meaningful. A．their; their B．their; theirs C．themselves; their D．themselves; theirs 【答案】C 【详解】句意：年轻人希望让自己变得更好，以便他们的日常生活能够有意义。 their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。第一空，此处表示“年轻人希望让他们自己变得更好”，用反身代词themselves；第二空，此处修饰名词短语daily lives，用形容词性物主代词their。 5．Kitty met a friend of ________ on her way home yesterday afternoon. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：基蒂昨天下午在回家的路上遇到了她的一个朋友。 she她（主格）；her她（宾格）/她的（形容词性物主代词）；hers她的（名词性物主代词）；herself她自己（反身代词）。根据语境可知，此处表达“她的一个朋友”，应用名词性物主代词hers来指代“her friends”，应填hers。 6．Xiaoyu is a teacher in our school. He teaches ________ math. A．our B．us C．we D．ourselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：小宇是我们学校的一名老师。他教我们数学。 our我们的；us我们；we我们；ourselves我们自己。根据“He teaches ________ math.”可知，teach sb. sth.意为“教某人某事”，动词teaches后接人称代词宾格作宾语。应填us。 7．—Jim and Tom, please help ________ to some bread. —Thank you. A．himself B．yourself C．herself D．yourselves 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——吉姆和汤姆，请随便吃点儿面包。——谢谢。 himself他自己；yourself你自己；herself她自己；yourselves你们自己。根据句首的称呼语“Jim and Tom”可知，说话对象是两个人，为复数，所以反身代词应用复数形式，固定搭配“help oneself to”意为“请随便吃”，故填yourselves。 8．—Where did you get the toy train? —From Jack. He made it ________. A．herself B．yourself C．myself D．himself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你从哪里得到的玩具火车？——从杰克那里。他自己做的。 herself她自己；yourself你自己；myself我自己；himself他自己。根据答句主语“He”指代Jack，为男性第三人称单数，可知应填对应的反身代词himself。 9．Yunnan Normal University is very famous for ________ rich history and excellent teaching. A．it B．its C．it’s D．itself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：云南师范大学以其悠久的历史和卓越的教学而闻名。 it它（人称代词主格/宾格）；its它的（形容词性物主代词）；it’s它是（it is的缩写）；itself它自己（反身代词）。根据“rich history and excellent teaching”（悠久的历史和卓越的教学）可知，此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，its符合语境。 易错点突破 02 不定代词易错点（some/any/all/both等） 核心辨析 1.some与any： some用于肯定句、表示请求/建议的疑问句（希望得到肯定回答）； any用于否定句、疑问句、条件句； 易错点：否定句中误用some（如错说“I don’t have some books”，正确为I don’t have any books），或请求句中误用any（如错说“Can you give me any water?”，正确为Can you give me some water?）。 2.all与both： all指三者或三者以上“都”，后接复数名词/动词复数；both指两者“都”，后接复数名词/动词复数； 易错点：混淆两者修饰范围（如错说“Both students are good”，此处若指三者及以上，正确为All students are good）。 3.other/another/the other/the others：other后接复数名词（泛指“其他的”）；another后接单数名词（泛指“另一个”，三者及以上）；the other后接单数名词（特指“两者中的另一个”）；the others特指“其余全部”；易错点：泛指与特指混淆，单复数搭配错误。 例句 1.I have some apples.（肯定句，some接复数名词）；Can you give me some juice?（请求句，用some）；I don’t have any oranges.（否定句，any接复数名词） 2.All the students are in the classroom.（三者及以上，all接复数名词）；Both my parents are teachers.（两者，both接复数名词） 3.I have other things to do.（泛指，other接复数名词）；I want another book.（三者及以上另一个，another接单数名词）；I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue.（两者中的另一个，the other接单数名词） ( 语境串记 Lucy has some books about English. She doesn’t have any books about history. She asks her friend, “Can you lend me some history books?” Her friend says, “I have two books. One is mine, the other is my sister’s. Both of us like history. All the students in our class like reading. Some read storybooks, others read science books.” ) 举一反三 1．Instead of staying up all night studying, having ________ two hours’ sleep will do you more good in the exam. A．other B．another C．the other D．others 【答案】B 【详解】句意：与其整晚熬夜学习，再多睡两个小时对你的考试更有好处。 other其他的；another另一个，再一个；the other两者中的另一个；others其他人或物。根据“having ________ two hours’sleep”可知，此处表示在原有基础上“再两个小时的睡眠”，常用结构“another + 数词 + 复数名词”，表示“另外的……”。 2．Paper cutting is one of the most popular traditional arts. I want to learn ________ kind of paper cutting to create a special gift for my grandma. A．other B．the other C．another D．others 【答案】C 【详解】句意：剪纸是最受欢迎的传统艺术之一。我想学习另一种剪纸来为我的奶奶制作一份特别的礼物。 other其他的；the other两者中的另一个；another另一个；others其他人/物。根据空后的单数名词kind可知，语境中表示泛指“另一种”。故选C。 3．The editor had a piece of paper on one hand and a dictionary in his ________ hand. A．other B．others C．the other D．another 【答案】A 【详解】句意：编辑一只手拿着一张纸，字典在他的另一只手里。 other其他的；others其他人/物；the other另一个（两者中）；another另一个（泛指）。根据one hand可知是两者中的另一个，本应用the other，但空前有物主代词his，冠词the与物主代词不能连用，所以用other。 4．—Does the old woman live alone? —Yes. She has a husband and two children, but ________of them live with her. A．all B．either C．neither D．none 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这位老妇人独自居住吗？——是的。她有丈夫和两个孩子，但他们都不和她住在一起。 all所有（三者或以上都）；either两者之一；neither两者都不；none没有一个（三者或以上都不）。根据前句“She has a husband and two children”可知，共有三个人；后句“but…of them live with her”表示转折，说明没有人与她同住，应用none表示三者或以上“没有一个”，应填none。 5．— Would you like ________ coffee? — Yes, just ________, please. I have to drive later. A．some; little B．any; a little C．some; a little D．any; little 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你想要些咖啡吗？——是的，请来一点就好。我待会儿得开车。 some常用于表示邀请或建议的疑问句，any常用于否定句或一般疑问句；a little表肯定含义“一点”，little表否定含义“几乎没有”。第一空表示邀请，希望得到肯定回答，用 some；第二空根据"Yes"及语境可知想要一点，用 a little。 6．—We can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday, but we can’t do ________. —That’s true. It’s an either-or situation. A．all B．either C．neither D．both 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们今年可以买一辆新车，也可以去度假，但我们不能两者都做。——确实是这样。这是一个二选一的情况。 all（三者及以上）都；either两者之一；neither两者都不；both两者都。根据“It’s an either-or situation.”可知，这是一个二选一的情况，即不能同时选择两个选项，所以“我们”不能两者都做，此处应用both，与前面的can’t构成否定，表示“不能两者都……”。 7．—The math problem was difficult. Did you ask your teacher or your classmate for help? —________. I worked it out by myself. A．Either B．Both C．Neither D．None 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这道数学题很难。你问了老师还是同学帮忙？——都没问。我自己解出来了。 Either两者中的任何一个；Both两者都；Neither两者都不；None三者或以上都不。上文提到老师和同学两个人，再根据“I worked it out by myself.”可知，两个都没有求助，自己解出来了。应填Neither。 8．—Oh, no! I cannot find my exercise book anywhere. —I saw ________ on the teacher’s desk, but I am not sure whether yours is included. A．it B．one C．some D．any 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——哦，不！我到处都找不到我的练习本。——我在老师的桌子上看到了一些，但不确定你的是否在里面。 it它；one一个；some一些；any任何。 根据答句“I am not sure whether yours is included”可知，此处指在老师桌上看到了一些练习本，并非特指某一本，也不是单数概念。it用于特指前文提到的同一事物，one指代同类事物中的一个，均不符合语境；any多用于否定句/疑问句，本句为肯定句，不适用。因此应填some。 易错点突破 03 指示代词与疑问代词易错点 核心辨析 1.指示代词：this（近指，单数）、these（近指，复数）、that（远指，单数）、those（远指，复数）；易错点：指代前文提到的单数可数名词/不可数名词用that，复数用those（如错说“The weather in Shanghai is better than this in Beijing”，正确为that in Beijing）；电话用语中用this指代自己，that指代对方。 2.疑问代词：what（什么，问事物）、who（谁，问人，主格）、whom（谁，问人，宾格）、whose（谁的，问所属）、which（哪一个，问选择）； 易错点：误用who与whom（如错说“Who are you talking to?”，此处whom作宾语，可省略或用who，但正式场合用whom）；whose后可接名词或单独使用。 例句 1.指示代词：This is my pen.（近指单数）；Those are their books.（远指复数）；The population of China is larger than that of India.（指代不可数名词population用that）；Hello, this is Lucy speaking.（电话用语，this指代自己） 2.疑问代词：What is your name?（问事物）；Who is that man?（问人，主格）；Whom are you waiting for?（问人，宾格）；Whose book is this?（问所属）；Which one do you like better?（问选择） ( 语境串记 Lucy is talking on the phone. “Hello, this is Lucy. Is that Tom?” Tom says, “Yes, this is Tom. What are you doing?” Lucy says, “I’m looking at some photos. These are my family photos, and those are my friend’s photos. Whose bike is that outside? I don’t know who it belongs to. Which photo do you like best?” Tom says, “I like the one with your dog.” ) 举一反三 1．—________ is the population of your hometown? —About two million. A．How many B．How much C．What D．Which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你家乡的人口是多少？——大约两百万。 How many多少；How much多少；What什么；Which哪一个。询问人口数量的固定句型为“What is the population of…?”，应填What。 2．—________ makes breakfast for you every day? —My grandma. She’s a good cook. A．How B．What C．Where D．Who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——谁每天为你做早餐？——我的奶奶。她是个好厨师。 考查疑问词辨析。How如何；What什么；Where哪里；Who谁。根据答句中“My grandma.”可知，问句询问的是“人”，应用Who提问。故选D。 3．—Excuse me, are ________ shoes over there by the door yours? —Oh, yes. Thank you for reminding me. A．this B．that C．these D．those 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，那边门旁的那些鞋子是你的吗？——哦，是的。谢谢你提醒我。 this这；that那；these这些；those那些。“shoes”是复数名词，且系动词用“are”，排除单数指示代词this和that；再根据“over there”表示远处，可知应用指代远处复数的those。 4．Look at ________ beautiful flowers! They are from Yunnan. A．this B．these C．that D．those 【答案】B 【详解】句意：看这些漂亮的花！他们来自云南。 考查代词辨析。this这个；these这些；that那个；those那些。根据“flowers”是名词复数可知，此处用复数指示代词；根据“Look at...”通常指眼前的、较近的事物可知，these符合。故选B。 5．— Look at the photo. ________ is my sister. — Oh, ________ is pretty. A．Those; she B．That; he C．This; she D．These; they 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——看这张照片。这是我的姐姐。——哦，她很漂亮。 Those那些；she她；That那个；he他；This这个；These这些；they他们。第一空说话人指着照片介绍“这是我的姐姐”，照片中的人是单数，且距离说话人较近，应用This；第二空对方回应“她很漂亮”，指代“my sister”这位女性，应用主格she。 6．This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ________. A．whoever B．whenever C．whatever D．wherever 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位演员在表演前通常会先计划好前两个技巧，然后即兴发挥。 whoever无论谁；whenever无论何时；whatever无论什么；wherever无论哪里。根据题干“goes for”及前句“the first two tricks planned”可知，前两个技巧有计划，之后的内容是“无论什么”即兴发挥，应填whatever。 7．—________ cup is this, Jack? —Maybe it’s Mary’s, but I’m not sure about it. A．Whom B．Who C．Whose D．What 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这个杯子是谁的，杰克？ ——可能是玛丽的，但我不确定。 考查疑问代词辨析。Whom谁（宾格）；Who谁（主格）；Whose谁的（所有格）；What什么。根据“Maybe it’s Mary’s”可知，此处询问杯子的所有者，需用所有格疑问词whose引导问句。故选C。 8．________ we meet with, never ________ trying to work hard. This is the best way to improve ourselves. A．No matter what, give away B．No matter how, give up C．Whatever, give up D．However, give in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：无论我们遇到什么，永远不要放弃努力。这是提升自己的最佳方式。 考查让步状语从句和动词短语辨析。No matter what无论什么；No matter how无论怎样；Whatever无论什么；无论什么无论如何；give away赠送/泄露；give up放弃；give in屈服。根据句意，第一空表示“无论什么”，应使用whatever或no matter what，而第二空表示“放弃努力”，应使用give up trying。故选C。 9．According to the survey, women ________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than ________ who don’t. A．who; that B．/; these C．who; those D．/; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：根据调查，每天喝超过两杯咖啡的女性比不喝咖啡的女性患心脏病的风险更高。 who关系代词，引导定语从句，可作主语或宾语；that那个；those那些。第一空：先行词“women”指人，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导，不可省略。 第二空：空格后为“who don’t”，此处需填入代词指代前文提到的“women”，且为复数，应用those，those who...意为“那些……的人”。 10．—Which of ________ do you prefer, this pen or that one? —I like this one. It writes more smoothly. A．these B．that C．this D．those ones 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这支笔和那支笔，你更喜欢哪一支？——我喜欢这支。它书写起来更顺滑。 考查代词辨析。these这些；that那个；this这个；those ones那些。根据下文“this pen or that one?”可知，表示两者选其一，空处应用复数代词these，those ones表达重复。故选A。 易错点突破 04 中考高频介词（时间/地点/方式）易错辨析 核心辨析 上海中考高频考点，重点区分时间、地点、方式介词的用法，避免混淆，以下为中考必考介词： 介词类型 高频介词 用法及易错点 时间介词 in/on/at in+年/月/季节/上午/下午/晚上； on+具体日期/星期/节日； at+具体时刻/正午/午夜； 易错点：具体某一天的上午用on（如on Sunday morning），不用in。 地点介词 in/on/at in+大地点（国家/城市）； on+表面（物体上）； at+小地点（车站/学校/家）； 易错点：at home/school固定搭配，不用in/on。 方式介词 by/in/on/with by+交通工具（无冠词）； in+封闭交通工具； on+开放交通工具； with+工具/身体部位； 易错点：by bus（不用the），in a car（用a）。 例句 1.时间介词：in 2026；in July；in spring；on June 1st；on Monday；at 7:30；at noon。 2.地点介词：in China；in Shanghai；on the desk；at the station；at home；at school。 3.方式介词：by bike；by plane；in a taxi；on a bus；write with a pen；eat with chopsticks。 ( 语境串记 Lucy was born in 2012, in July. On her birthday, July 15th, her parents took her to the park. They went there by bus. At 9 o’clock in the morning, they arrived at the park. They played on the grass and had a picnic in the afternoon. Lucy drew a picture with a pencil, and her father took photos with a camera. They went home at 5 o’clock in the evening. ) 举一反三 1．—How do you study for a test? —________ reading English books. A．With B．By C．On D．For 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你是怎样为考试学习的？——通过读英语书。 考查介词辨析。With和……在一起，用；By通过（方式、手段）；On在……之上；For为了。根据“How do you study for a test?”可知，此处是在询问学习的方法。表示通过……方式做某事，通常用“by+v-ing”结构。故选B。 2．— Our team worked day and night on the project but we are still a week ________ schedule. — We need to work faster to catch up. A．in B．above C．under D．behind 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们的团队日夜不停地做这个项目，但我们仍然比计划落后了一周。——我们需要加快工作速度来赶上。 in在……里面；above在……上面；under在……下面；behind在……后面。根据答语“We need to work faster to catch up.”可知需要加快速度赶上，说明目前进度是落后的，“behind schedule ”意为“落后于计划”，符合语境。 3．The boy is going to plant a little tree ________ Sunday. A．at B．on C．in D．of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个男孩打算在周日种一棵小树。 at通常用于表示具体的时间点，如“at 8 o’clock”；on用于表示具体某一天或日期，如“on Monday”；in用于表示在某个时间段内，如“in summer”；of表示所属关系，意为“……的”。根据“Sunday”可知，此处表示具体某一天，所以应该用on。 4．We can also learn a lot about the city’s history ________ works of art. A．with B．across C．through D．past 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们也可以通过艺术作品了解很多关于这座城市的历史。 考查介词辨析。with和，用；across穿过（指从物体表面穿过）；through通过；past经过，路过。此处表示通过艺术作品这一媒介来学习历史，因此用through。故选C。 5．—How do you make yourself relaxed before making a speech? —________ listening to soft music. A．On B．With C．For D．By 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——在演讲之前，你是如何让自己放松的？——通过听轻音乐。 考查介词辨析。On在上面；With和；For为了；By通过。根据特殊疑问词“How”和问句意思可知是询问方式，句子回答用选项D的介词“by”表达“通过”，符合题意。故选D。 6．From the top of the mountains,the houses ________ looked like small boxes. A．below B．under C．above D．over 【答案】A 【详解】句意：从山顶上看，下面的房子看起来像小盒子。 考查方位介词辨析。below在下方；under在……下面；above在上方；over在……上方。根据“From the top of the mountains”可知，说话者位于山顶，房子在山下，且空格后无宾语，需用方位介词“below”表示“在下方”，此处“below”作后置定语修饰前面的“the houses”，表示“在下面的房子”，符合语境。故选A。 7．Go straight until you see a museum ________ your left. A．with B．at C．on D．from 【答案】C 【详解】句意：直走直到你看见一个博物馆在你的左边。 with和；at在；on在……上；from从。on one’s left表示“在某人的左边”。应填on。 8．My birthday is ________ June 12th, and I was born ________ 2008. A．in; on B．on; in C．at; in D．on; at 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的生日在6月12日，我出生于2008年。 考查介词辨析。in在（年、月、季节等）；on在（具体某一天）；at在（具体时刻）。第一空后是June 12th（6月12日），为具体日期，用介词on；第二空后是2008（年份），用介词in。故选B。 9．________ February 2026, Ning Zhongyan from China broke the Olympic record for 1500 metres speed skating. A．In B．On C．At D．For 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在2026年2月，来自中国的宁忠岩打破了1500米速滑的奥运纪录。 表示时间时，In用于年、月、季节等前面；On用于具体某一天前；At用于具体时刻前；For为了；长达。根据“February 2026”可知是年月，泛指某年某月用介词in。 10．My aunt ________ be at home now, for she left for France yesterday. She won’t be back ________ next month. A．can’t; until B．maybe; before C．may not; after D．mustn’t; until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我阿姨现在不可能在家，因为她昨天去了法国。她要到下个月才回来。 can’t不可能；maybe也许；may not可能不；mustn’t禁止；until直到；before在……之前；after在……之后。根据“for she left for France yesterday”可知，阿姨昨天去了法国，所以现在不可能在家，第一空应填can’t。根据“She won’t be back...next month”可知，她下个月才回来，即直到下个月才回来，第二空应填until。 易错点突破 05 介词短语与固定搭配易错点 核心辨析 上海中考高频易错点，重点记忆固定介词搭配，避免介词误用、遗漏或多余，以下为中考必考固定搭配： 固定搭配 正确用法 易错错误 擅长 be good at 错：be good in/at 对……感兴趣 be interested in 错：be interested on 忙于做某事 be busy with sth. / be busy doing sth. 错：be busy do sth. 迟到 be late for 错：be late to 感谢某人 thank sb. for sth. 错：thank sb. to sth. 等待 wait for 错：wait sb. 易错点补充 1.部分动词后接固定介词，不可随意替换（如look forward to 期待，to是介词，后接动名词，错说look forward to do sth.）； 2.介词不可遗漏（如wait for sb. 不可省略for，thank sb. for sth. 不可省略for）； 3.避免多余介词（如enter the room 不可说enter into the room，enter本身有“进入”含义，无需加into）。 ( 语境串记 Lucy is good at English. She is interested in reading English books. Every day, she is busy with her homework after school. She is never late for school. Yesterday, she waited for her friend at the school gate for 10 minutes. Her friend thanked her for waiting. They are looking forward to having a picnic this weekend. ) 举一反三 1．It takes _________ an hour to walk home from work. But I ride my bike much faster A．in half B．at least C．by accident D．after all 【答案】B 【详解】句意：步行下班回家至少要花一个小时。但我骑自行车快多了。 in half分成两半；at least至少；by accident偶然；after all毕竟。根据后句“faster”的对比逻辑，前句是在说步行花费的最少时间，用at least符合语境。 2．In 2026, our school will hold many important events, ________, the School Science Fair. A．at first B．in fact C．in total D．for example 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在2026年，我们学校将举办许多重要活动，例如，学校科技节。 at first首先；in fact事实上；in total总共；for example例如。根据“many important events”和“the School Science Fair”可知，此处是在举例说明重要活动，应填for example。 3．—Did you tell your grandma that our family would buy a self-driving car soon? —Yes, but she shook her head ______. She thought I was joking. A．without doubt B．at present C．on purpose D．in disbelief 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你告诉你奶奶我们家很快要买自动驾驶汽车了吗？——是的，但是她难以置信地摇了摇头。她以为我在开玩笑。 根据答语后句“She thought I was joking.”可知，奶奶不相信说话人说的话，以为是在开玩笑。结合语境，奶奶的反应是不相信，选项中只有in disbelief表示难以置信的状态，符合文意，其他选项均不符合语境。故选D。 4．—Will you visit your grandma _________ this weekend? —Of course! I haven’t seen her for months—talking by video call isn’t enough. A．in person B．under pressure C．by accident D．on business 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这周末你会亲自去看望你奶奶吗？——当然！我好几个月没见她了——视频通话聊天是不够的。 in person亲自；under pressure在压力下；by accident偶然；on business出差。根据答语“talking by video call isn’t enough”可知，视频通话不够，需要面对面见面，强调“亲自”去，应填in person。 5．—________! I never expected I would win. —Congratulations! A．To my surprise B．In that case C．In my opinion D．To be honest 【答案】A 【详解】——句意：令我惊讶的是！我从来没想到我会赢。——恭喜你！ To my surprise意为“令我惊讶的是”；In that case意为“既然那样”，In my opinion意为“在我看来”，To be honest意为“老实说”。根据“ I never expected I would win.”从未预料到会赢”的语境，用To my surprise。 6．—Have you read the latest book by the famous writer? —No. But ________ Tom, it’s a wonderful book. He is crazy about it. A．except for B．instead of C．thanks to D．according to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你读过那位著名作家的最新作品吗？——没有。但据汤姆说，这是一本很棒的书。他对它爱不释手。 except for除了……之外；instead of而不是，代替；thanks to多亏，由于；according to根据，据……所说。根据答句语境，是在转述Tom对这本书的评价，应填according to。 7．We practiced hard for the red song competition every day for a month. ______, we got first prize. A．For example B．In fact C．As a result D．At first 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一个月以来，我们每天都为红色歌曲比赛刻苦练习。结果，我们获得了一等奖。 For example例如；In fact事实上；As a result结果；At first起初。前半句“刻苦练习”是原因，后半句“获得一等奖”是结果，“As a result”符合因果逻辑。应填“As a result”。 8．—Your school basketball team finally won first place. Congratulations! —Thanks! They trained very hard and were always one step ________ the other teams during the competition. A．ahead of B．next to C．far from D．because of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你们学校篮球队终于赢得了第一名。祝贺你们！——谢谢！他们训练非常刻苦，在比赛期间总是比其他队伍领先一步。 ahead of领先于；next to紧挨着；far from远离；because of因为。根据前句“won first place”及后句“one step”可知，领先其他队伍一步，应填ahead of。 9．The Moon is ________ 380,000 kilometres from the Earth. A．over B．around C．more than D．less than 【答案】B 【详解】句意：月球距离地球大约38万公里。 over超过；around大约；more than多于；less than少于。结合地理常识，地月距离约为38万公里，此处是对距离的概数描述，应填around。 ( 1 / 15 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $