专题09 非谓语动词（复习讲义）（上海专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题09 非谓语动词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 动词不定式 考点二 动名词 考点三 现在分词和过去分词 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1.从命题形式上看，非谓语动词主要出现在单项选择、单词拼写、完成句子、首字母填空、完形填空等题型中，是上海中考及一模、二模语法必考核心考点。 2.从命题内容上看，动词不定式、动名词的固定搭配是考查绝对重点，现在分词与过去分词作定语、宾补的用法也高频出现，侧重在语境中判断非谓语形式。 热考角度 考点 2026年 2025年 动词不定式 1. 固定搭配：expect/encourage/require/advise sb. to do 2. 固定句型：manage to do 3. 使役动词：make sb. do 4. 疑问词+不定式：how to do 1. 固定搭配：allow/enable/warn/remind sb. to do 2. 固定句型：fail to do/hope to do/offer to do 3. 形式主语：It is+adj.+to do 4. 后置定语：a place to visit 动名词 1. 动词+doing：finish/mind/deny/admit/imagine/consider 2. 固定句型：spend...doing/be busy doing 3. 介词+doing：without doing 1. 动词+doing：avoid/suggest/practice/keep/prefer doing 2. 固定句型：have trouble doing/waste time doing 3. 介词+doing：be used to doing 分词 1. 过去分词作后置定语 2. 现在分词作宾补（see sb. doing） 1. 过去分词作后置定语（made in...） 2. 分词作宾补辨析 命题预测 1.语境化：全部在真实语境中考查，不再孤立考查固定搭配，需结合句意判断非谓语功能。 2.高频化：动词不定式作宾补、动名词作宾语为最高频考点，近三年占比超 80%。 3.易混化：重点考查to do与 doing的易混搭配（如 remember/forget/stop to do/doing）。 4.综合化：结合词性转换、句型转换考查，如宾语从句改写为 “疑问词+不定式” 简单句。 5.实用化：选材贴近校园生活、社会热点、日常交际，符合上海中考命题风格。 考点一动词不定式 一、单词拼写 1．（2025·山东日照）Pang Meng tried to (偷) the medicine when Hou Yi was not home. 【答案】steal 【解析】句意：后羿不在家时，庞蒙试图偷长生不老药。根据所给中文提示“偷”，对应的英文动词是“steal”。“try to do sth”是固定结构，意为“试图做某事”，“to”后接动词原形，故填steal。 2．（2025·山东日照）The trade from China to the West helped to (传播) the popularity of tea. 【答案】spread 【解析】句意：从中国到西方的贸易帮助传播了茶的流行。根据“helped to”可知，此处是help to do sth.“帮助做某事”，所以横线处需填动词原形，传播“spread”，动词。故填spread。 3．（2025·四川泸州）It’s not healthy to s up late. You’d better go to bed early. 【答案】(s)tay 【解析】句意：熬夜不健康，你最好早点睡觉。根据It’s not healthy to...up late. You’d better go to bed early.“可知，最好早点睡，故应是熬夜不健康，“熬夜”stay up late，to后接动词原形。故填(s)tay。 4．（2025·江苏无锡）We both agreed (write) about the changes in Taihu New City. 【答案】to write 【解析】句意：我们都同意写太湖新城的变化。agree to do sth“同意做某事”，此处用动词不定式作宾语。故填to write。 二、单项选择 1．（2025·吉林长春）________ eyes healthy, we students should spend less time on screens. A．To keep B．Keep C．Kept D．Keeping 【答案】A 【解析】句意：为了保持眼睛健康，我们学生应该少花时间在屏幕前。 考查非谓语动词。根据“...eyes healthy”可知，学生少花时间在屏幕前是为了保持眼睛健康，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了保持眼睛健康”。故选A。 2．（2025·江苏宿迁）Kitty will go to the English Corner ______ her English this Saturday afternoon. A．to practise B．practising C．practised D．practise 【答案】A 【解析】句意：基蒂这个星期六下午要去英语角练习英语。 考查非谓语动词。to practise练习，动词不定式形式；practising练习，现在分词或动名词形式；practised练习，过去式或过去分词形式；practise练习，动词原形。根据句子结构可知，空处应是动词不定式作目的状语，表示去英语角的目的是练习英语。故选A。 3．（2025·江苏扬州）We should build on past achievements and work together ________ a better world. A．make B．making C．made D．to make 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我们应该在过去的成就基础上再接再厉，共同努力创造一个更美好的世界。 考查动词不定式。根据“We should build on past achievements and work together...a better world.”可知，在过去的成就基础上再接再厉并共同努力，以创造一个更美好的世界。此处应是动词不定式作目的状语，故选D。 4．（2025·天津）The government is developing new plans ________ ancient buildings. A．protect B．to protect C．protects D．protected 【答案】B 【解析】句意：政府正在制定新计划以保护古建筑。 考查非谓语动词。根据“The government is developing new plans...ancient buildings.”可知，制定新计划是为了保护古建筑，故此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故空格处需用to protect。故选B。 1.1.动词不定式的形式:基本形式为“to+动词原形”，否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。 例 It's important not to be late for class.上课不迟到是非常重要的。 1.2.动词不定式的功能 （1)动词不定式作状语。作状语时，一般在句中作目的状语、结果状语和原因状语。 例We need more money to improve transport in London.我们需要更多的钱来改善伦敦的交通状况。 （2)动词不定式作主语。常用it作形式主语，真正作主语的不定式后置。常用句型为“It is+adj.+(of/for sb.) to do sth.”。 例It's not easy to find your way around the town.在这个小镇上要找到路很不容易。 （3)动词不定式作宾语。常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有： would like/want to 想要agree to同意afford to 负担得起 hope/wish to 希望decide to决定promise to 承诺 continue to 继续expect to 期望refuse to 拒绝 （4)动词不定式作宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词： tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事warn sb.to do sth.警告某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 （5)动词不定式作定语。作定语时常放在修饰词后，作后置定语。 例I can't think of any good advice to give her.我想不出任何好的建议给她。 （6)动词不定式作表语。常放于be动词后。 例My job is to look after the baby.我的工作是照顾这个婴儿。 1.3.“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构 动词不定式可以与疑问代词who,whom,what,which,whose 及疑问副词when,where,how等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。 I didn't know how to get back to the village.我不知道怎样回到村子。 1.4.常见省略to的动词不定式结构 had better do sth.最好做某事would rather do sth.宁愿做某事 cannot but do sth.只好做某事Why(not)do sth.?为什么（不）做某事？ 考点二 动名词 一、单词拼写 1．（2025·四川德阳）The little girl stopped c and began to laugh when she saw the funny face. 【答案】(c)rying 【解析】句意：当小女孩看到那张滑稽的脸时，她停止了哭泣，开始大笑。根据“and began to laugh”可知是停止哭泣，开始大笑，cry“哭”，stop doing sth.“停止做某事”。故填(c)rying。 2．（2025·黑龙江）The students should focus on (listen) to the teacher in class. 【答案】listening 【解析】句意：学生应该专注于在课堂上听老师讲课。listen是动词，空前是介词，应用动名词作宾语。故填listening。 3．（2025·甘肃兰州）Keep studying hard in the future because (learn) is a lifelong journey. 【答案】learning 【解析】句意：在未来继续努力学习，因为学习是一个终生的旅程。根据“because...is a lifelong journey”可知，此句是原因状语从句，该从句缺少主语；应用所给单词的动名词形式“learning”作从句的主语。故填learning。 4．（2025·江苏淮安）Millie enjoys singing and (read). These hobbies make her life colourful. 【答案】reading 【解析】句意：Millie喜欢唱歌和阅读。这些爱好使她的生活丰富多彩。空处应用动名词与singing并列，作enjoys的宾语。故填reading。 5．（2025·江苏扬州）Many poets express their love for Yangzhou by its beauty in their works. (赞赏) 【答案】praising 【解析】句意：许多诗人通过在他们的作品中赞赏扬州的美丽来表达他们对扬州的热爱。praise“赞赏”，by doing sth“通过做某事”。故填praising。 6．（2025·江苏苏州）Before the Spring Festival, we spent weeks (练习) the dragon dance. 【答案】practicing/practising 【解析】句意：春节前，我们花了几个星期练习舞龙。practice/practise“练习”，spend time doing sth“花费时间做某事”，空处用动名词形式。故填practicing/practising。 二、单项选择 1．（2025·黑龙江）—How do you improve your English listening skills? —I spend about twenty minutes ________ English videos every day. A．watch B．to watch C．watching 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你如何提高自己的英语听力水平？——我每天大约花二十分钟观看英语视频。 考查动名词作宾语。spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”，故选C。 2.1.动名词的功能 （1)动名词作动词的宾语。常接动名词作宾语的动词（短语）有： enjoy喜欢finish 完成keep(on)保持mind介意 advise 建议suggest 建议practice 练习admit 承认 feel like 想要can't help 禁不住imagine 想象avoid 避免 （2)作介词的宾语。介词后用动名词作宾语。 例After eating in her restaurant people would become tired very quickly.顾客在她的餐馆里吃过饭以后，很快就会感到疲乏。 （3)动名词作定语。置于被修饰词之前，表明被修饰词的用途、性质等。 例She is in the waiting room.她在候车室。 例Let's buy a washing machine.我们买台洗衣机吧。 （4)动名词作主语。表示一种概念、习惯或经验，常用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句尾。 It is fun playing computer games.玩电脑游戏很有趣。 （5)动名词作表语。 例His favorite sports is playing basketball.他最喜欢的运动是打篮球。 考点三 现在分词和过去分词 一、单项选择 1．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）An artificial intelligence chatbot __________ by Deepseek is one of the fastest-growing consumer apps in history. A．decided B．divided C．developed D．discovered 【答案】C 【解析】句意：Deepseek研发的人工智能聊天机器人是历史上增长最快的消费者应用程序之一。 考查词汇辨析。decided被决定；divided被分成；developed被研发；discovered被发现。根据“An artificial intelligence chatbot...by Deepseek is... ”可知，空处缺定语，再根据“one of the fastest-growing consumer apps”可知，空处指 “研发”的应用程序，需用developed作后置定语，修饰主语An artificial intelligence chatbot。故选C。 2．（2025·天津河东·一模）The tea ________ in China ________ to many different places and countries. A．is made; send B．is made; is sent C．made; send D．made; is sent 【答案】D 【解析】句意：中国产的茶叶每年被运往许多不同的地方和国家。 考查非谓语动词和被动语态。is made被生产、被制造；made生产、制造；send发送；is sent被发送。分析句子结构和选项可知，第一空用过去分词made，作定语，修饰名词tea，made in“在……生产或制造”。主语the tea与动词send之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以第二空用is sent。故选D。 3．（2025·江苏南京·一模）Kunqu ________ in Jiangsu Province is one of China’s oldest forms of opera and known for its pleasant singing. A．create B．created C．creating D．to create 【答案】B 【解析】句意：昆曲创作于江苏省，是中国最古老的戏曲形式之一，以其悦耳的歌声而闻名。 考查非谓语。此句谓语是is，空白处应该填create的非谓语动词形式作后置定语，Kunqu与create是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故选B。 4．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）I saw my computer teacher ________ a broken computer in his office at 7 p.m. yesterday. A．repair B．to repair C．repairing D．to repair 【答案】C 【解析】句意：昨天晚上7点，我看到我的计算机老师在他的办公室里修理一台坏电脑。 考查非谓语动词。see sb. do sth. 表示“看见某人做了某事”，强调看见事情发生的全过程；see sb. doing sth. 表示 “看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。句中时间点“at 7 p.m. yesterday”表明在这个特定时间点，老师 “修理电脑” 的动作正在进行，所以用see sb. doing sth. 的结构，故选C。 二、单词拼写 1．（2024·甘肃甘南）Teenagers should be allowed to get their ears (pierce). 【答案】pierced 【解析】句意：青少年应该被允许打耳洞。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词，此处ears和pierce之间是被动关系，故此处用过去分词作宾补。故填pierced。 2．（2025·黑龙江）Nowadays, more and more customers prefer buying products (make) in China. 【答案】made 【解析】句意：如今，越来越多的消费者倾向于购买中国制造的产品。此处作“products”的后置定语，用动词过去分词，故填made。 分词有现在分词和过去分词两种。分词的句法功能如下： 功能 说明 例句 定语 修饰语与被修饰词为主动关系或动作正在进行用现在分词；反之，为被动关系或动作已完成用过去分词。单个分词作定语放在所修饰词前，分词短语作定语放在修饰词后。 For example,there are already robotsworking in factories.例如，已经有机器人在工厂里工作了。 He is a man loved by all.他是一个受大家爱戴的人。 状语 与主语为主动关系用现在分词；与主语为被动关系用过去分词。 Being ill,she stayed at home.因为病了，所以她待在家里。Given another hour,I can also workout this problem.再给我一个小时，我也能做出这道题。 补足语 宾语与补足语为主动关系或表示动作正在进行用现在分词；宾语与补足语为被动关系、动作已完成或动作他人完成用过去分词。 Don't have the students studying allday.不要让学生们整天学习。He found his hometown greatlychanged.他发现他的家乡变化很大。 一、单项选择 1．（2026·上海虹口·一模）Have you finished _______ your English composition on how to keep healthy? A．write B．writing C．to write D．to writing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你写完关于如何保持健康的英语作文了吗？ 考查非谓语动词。动词finish后应接动名词作宾语，表示“完成做某事”，因此空格处需用writing。故选B。 2．（2026·上海杨浦·一模）The school expects students ________ well during exams. A．behave B．behaved C．behaving D．to behave 【答案】D 【详解】句意：学校期望学生们在考试期间表现良好。 考查非谓语动词。expect sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“期望某人做某事”，其中expect是动词原形，sb是expect的宾语，to do sth是宾语补足语，所以此处应用动词不定式to behave。故选D。 3．（2026·上海杨浦·一模）A group of students are busy ________ the posters for the school play. A．design B．designed C．to design D．designing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一群学生正忙于为学校戏剧设计海报。 考查固定短语。design设计，动词原形；designed设计，过去式/过去分词；to design设计，不定式；designing设计，现在分词/动名词。“be busy doing”表示“忙于做某事”，故填动名词。故选D。 4．（2026·上海徐汇·一模）In many families, parents expect their first-born child ________ the younger siblings. A．look after B．to look after C．looking after D．looked after 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在许多家庭中，父母期望他们的第一个孩子照顾年幼的兄弟姐妹。 考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法。look after照顾，原形；to look after照顾，不定式；looking after照顾，动名词；looked after照顾，过去式。根据“expect their first-born child”可知，expect后接不定式结构，表示“期望某人做某事”，此处应为to look after。故选B。 5．（2026·上海徐汇·一模）The farmer grows his crops without ________ any chemicals. They are completely organic and safe to eat. A．use B．to use C．using D．used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位农民种庄稼不使用任何化学物质。它们是完全有机的，食用安全。 考查without的用法。without是介词，其后接动词时要用动词的-ing形式，即without doing sth.，表示“不做某事”，所以这里应该用using。故选C。 6．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）Mr. Wang encouraged us ________ AI technology to create our own comic strips. A．use B．to use C．using D．to using 【答案】B 【详解】句意：王先生鼓励我们使用AI技术来创作我们自己的连环画。 考查动词不定式作宾语。use使用，一般现在时；to use使用，不定式；using使用，动名词；to using结构错误。根据“encouraged us”可知，encourage后接宾语和不定式，固定搭配为encourage sb. to do sth.，表示“鼓励某人做某事”。因此，空格处需填入不定式形式to use。故选B。 7．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）Ella said she didn’t mind ________ for some time before she could buy the ticket. A．wait B．waited C．to wait D．waiting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Ella说她不介意在买票前等一段时间。 考查动词mind的用法。mind后需接动名词（doing）作宾语，表示“介意做某事”，此处指“不介意等一段时间”。故选D。 8．（2026·上海松江·一模）The heavy rain made most of the mountain climbers ________ halfway. A．stop B．to stop C．stopping D．stopped 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大雨使大多数登山者在半路停了下来。 考查非谓语动词。“make sb. do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“使某人做某事”，所以此处用动词原形。故选A。 9．（2026·上海静安·一模）I turned off the laptop after I finished ________ the notes. A．write B．to write C．writing D．writes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我写完笔记后关掉了笔记本电脑。 考查非谓语动词。write写，动词原形；to write写，动词不定式；writing写，动名词；writes写，一般现在时的第三人称单数。动词“finished”后需接动名词作宾语，构成“finish doing sth.”，意为“完成做某事”。故选C。 10．（2026·上海奉贤·一模）Students are encouraged ________ more time outdoors to improve their physical and mental health. A．spend B．to spend C．spending D．spent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学生们被鼓励花更多时间在户外以改善他们的身心健康。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Students are encouraged...more time outdoors to improve their physical and mental health.”可知，句中encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，其被动形式为“sb. be encouraged to do sth.”，所以此处应该用动词不定式“to spend”作主语补足语。故选B。 11．（2026·上海宝山·一模）We managed ________ a table at the popular restaurant by calling early. A．book B．booked C．to book D．booking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们通过提前打电话，成功在那家热门餐厅预订了一张桌子。 考查manage的用法。book“预订”，是动词，根据“manage”可知，此处应接动词不定式，表示“设法做成某事”。故选C。 12．（2026·上海长宁·一模）The school’s new library system enables readers ________ books conveniently online. A．borrow B．to borrow C．borrowed D．borrowing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学校的新图书馆系统使读者能够方便地在网上借书。 考查非谓语动词。enable sb. to do sth.意为“使某人能够做某事”，因此这里应用动词不定式to borrow。故选B。 13．（2026·上海闵行·一模）Finally, Jack managed ________ his broken bike by watching online instructional videos. A．repair B．to repair C．repairing D．repaired 【答案】B 【详解】句意：最终，杰克通过观看在线教学视频设法修好了他坏掉的自行车。 考查非谓语动词。manage to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”，因此空格处应填不定式to repair。故选B。 14．（2026·上海浦东新·一模）Can you imagine ________ a strange planet some day in the future? A．visit B．visiting C．visited D．to visit 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能想象在未来某天拜访一个陌生的星球吗？ 考查非谓语动词。imagine doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“想象做某事”，因此动词需用动名词形式visiting。故选B。 15．（2026·上海普陀·一模）The suspect finally admitted ________ to the police after days of questioning. A．lie B．lying C．to lie D．lied 【答案】B 【详解】句意：经过数天的审问，嫌疑人最终向警察承认撒谎。 考查非谓语动词。admit后接动词时，需用动名词形式作宾语，即admit doing sth.，意为“承认做了某事”，应用动名词lying。故选B。 16．（2026·上海普陀·一模）The exchange student never expected ________ such a warm welcome from his new classmates. A．receive B．receiving C．to receive D．received 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位交换生从未预料到会从他的新同学那里收到如此热烈的欢迎。 考查非谓语动词。receive收到（动词原形）；receiving收到（动名词/现在分词）；to receive收到（动词不定式）；received收到（过去式/过去分词）。expect to do sth.“预料做某事”，是固定搭配，C项符合。故选C。 17．（2026·上海金山·一模）Students are required ________ their hands before speaking in the discussion. A．raise B．raised C．raising D．to raise 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在讨论中发言前，学生们被要求举手。 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配“be required to do sth.”，意为是“被要求做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作主语补足语。故选D。 18．（2026·上海黄浦·一模）Pelé spent his early years ________ soccer barefoot with a ball made of socks. A．play B．to play C．playing D．to playing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：贝利早年光着脚踢足球，用的是袜子做的球。 考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) doing sth.是固定用法，意为“花费时间做某事”，此处需用动名词playing。故选C。 19．（2026·上海青浦·一模）Our school is considering ________ a fun fair to welcome the new year. A．holding B．to hold C．held D．hold 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们学校正在考虑举办一场游园会来迎接新年。 考查非谓语动词。consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”，应用动名词作宾语，故选A。 20．（2026·上海徐汇·一模）This video teaches people ________ to protect themselves during an earthquake. A．what B．how C．who D．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个视频教人们如何在地震中保护自己。 考查疑问词+不定式结构。what什么；how怎样；who谁；that引导宾语从句。teach sb. how to do sth.意为“教某人如何做某事”，符合句意。故选B。 21．（2026·上海浦东新·一模）The school requires the seventh graders ________ a safety training course. A．complete B．to complete C．completing D．completed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学校要求七年级学生完成一门安全培训课程。 考查非谓语动词。complete动词，完成。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词“require”后接宾语补足语时，应用动词不定式结构，即“require sb. to do sth.”，意为“要求某人做某事”。故选B。 22．（2026·上海青浦·一模）The doctor advised the young man ________ eating unhealthy food in his daily life. A．stop B．to stop C．stopping D．stopped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：医生建议这位年轻人在日常生活中停止食用不健康的食物。 考查非谓语动词。advise sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“建议某人做某事”，因此空格处应填动词不定式to stop。故选B。 23．（2026·上海松江·一模）Mr Ma was so busy ________ our homework that he forgot to have his lunch. A．check B．checked C．to check D．checking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：马老师如此忙于检查我们的作业，以至于忘了吃午饭。 考查非谓语动词。“be busy doing”为固定搭配，意为“忙于做某事”，所以此处用动名词checking。故选D。 24．（2026·上海闵行·一模）Grace denied ________ the tap running in the bathroom, but the floor was all wet. A．leave B．to leave C．leaving D．left 【答案】C 【详解】句意：格蕾丝否认让浴室的水龙头一直开着，但地板全湿了。 考查动词用法。leave离开；让……处于某种状态；to leave是动词不定式；leaving是动名词；left是动词过去式/过去分词。根据“deny”的用法，deny后接动名词作宾语，即deny doing sth.，表示“否认做过某事”，因此填动名词leaving。故选C。 25．（2026·上海宝山·一模）The naughty boy finally admitted ________ the vase while flying the model plane at home. A．break B．broken C．breaking D．to break 【答案】C 【详解】句意：那个淘气的男孩最终承认了在家玩模型飞机时打碎了花瓶。 考查非谓语动词。break动词原形；broken过去分词/形容词；breaking动名词/现在分词；to break动词不定式。admit doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“承认做了某事”，因此空格处应填动名词形式。故选C。 26．（2026·上海长宁·一模）The suspect denied ________ the vase, but the cameras clearly showed his actions. A．to steal B．stole C．stealing D．steal 【答案】C 【详解】句意：嫌疑人否认偷了花瓶，但监控清楚地显示了他的行为。 考查非谓语动词。deny doing sth.“否认做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选C。 二、单词拼写 27．（2026·上海静安·一模）He finds it easier to ________ information by turning it into a song. (memory) 【答案】memorize 【详解】句意：他发现通过把信息编成歌曲更容易记住它。memory“记忆”，名词；此处是动词不定式作宾语，表示“记住”，需用动词形式memorize。故填memorize。 28．（2026·上海宝山·一模）This factory uses advanced robots to ________ the production lines. (operation) 【答案】operate 【详解】句意：这家工厂使用先进的机器人来操作生产线。 “use sth. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“用某物做某事”，因此“to”后面需要接动词原形；名词“operation”对应的动词是operate，在句中作目的状语，说明机器人的用途，符合语法和语境。故填operate。 29．（2026·上海长宁·一模）Many brave soldiers choose to ________ for honor rather than live in shame. (death) 【答案】die 【详解】句意：许多勇敢的士兵选择为荣誉而死，也不愿耻辱地活着。choose to do sth.“选择做某事”，此处需用动词原形；death“死亡”，名词，其动词形式为die。故填die。 30．（2026·上海虹口·一模）In the end they had to draw lots to _______ who would take part in the competition. (decision) 【答案】decide 【详解】句意：最后他们不得不抽签来决定谁将参加比赛。“to”在此处是不定式符号，后面需要接动词原形；名词“decision”对应的动词是decide，在句中作目的状语。故填decide。 31．（2026·上海普陀·一模）It is unnecessary to ________ your ability to anyone. Just focus on your own progress. (proof) 【答案】prove 【详解】句意：没有必要向任何人证明你的能力。专注于你自己的进步就好。prove“证明”，动词。It is unnecessary to do sth.表示“做某事是不必要的”，动词不定式作主语。故填prove。 32．（2026·上海黄浦·一模）It’s difficult to ________ which way to take in a dark and thick forest. (decision) 【答案】decide 【详解】句意：在黑暗茂密的森林里很难决定走哪条路。根据“It’s difficult to…”可知，横线处需填动词原形，构成“It is+形容词+to do sth.”的结构，表示“做某事是……的”。decision“决定”，名词，其动词形式为decide。故填decide。 三、完成句子 33．（2026·上海金山·一模）is, to learn, very important, for us, it, self-protection skills (连词成句) __________________________________________________. 【答案】It is very important for us to learn self-protection skills 【详解】根据单词和标点提示可知，这是“It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”的固定结构，意思是“对某人来说，做某事是…… 的”；“it”作形式主语，位于句首，首字母要大写；“is”为系动词；“very important”作表语；“for us”作逻辑主语，表示动作的执行者；“to learn self-protection skills”为动词不定式短语，作真正的主语。故填It is very important for us to learn self-protection skills“对我们来说，学习自我保护技能是非常重要的”。 34．（2026·上海普陀·一模）to have an online meeting, is, enough, fast, the WiFi, for me (连词成句) ____________________________________. 【答案】The WiFi is fast enough for me to have an online meeting 【详解】根据所给标点和单词可知，本句是一个陈述句。时态为一般现在时。The WiFi“无线网络”，作主语；is“是”，系动词；fast enough“足够快”，作表语；for me“对我来说”，作状语；to have an online meeting“进行在线会议”，为动词不定式短语，与fast enough构成“足够……可以……”结构，作结果状语。故填The WiFi is fast enough for me to have an online meeting“这无线网络对我来说足够快，可以进行在线会议”。 35．（2026·上海黄浦·一模）before bedtime, avoid, a good night’s sleep, should, we, to get, screens and caffeine (连词成句) _________________________________________ 【答案】We should avoid screens and caffeine before bedtime to get a good night’s sleep./To get a good night’s sleep, we should avoid screens and caffeine before bedtime. 【详解】根据所给单词可知，本句建议了如何获得良好睡眠。we“我们”，主语，位于句首需大写首字母；should“应该”，情态动词；avoid“避免”，谓语动词；screens and caffeine“屏幕和咖啡因”，并列名词作宾语；before bedtime“睡前”，时间状语；to get a good night’s sleep“为了获得良好的睡眠”，动词不定式短语作目的状语。也可将目的状语置于句首，注意逗号隔开，故填We should avoid screens and caffeine before bedtime to get a good night’s sleep/To get a good night’s sleep, we should avoid screens and caffeine before bedtime“为了睡个好觉，我们应该在睡前避免使用屏幕和摄入咖啡因”。 36．（2026·上海·三模）you, dangerous, in winter, be, if, are, driving, can, not careful （连词成句  ） _____________________________________________________________. 【答案】Driving in winter can be dangerous if you are not careful 【详解】根据所给标点及所给词可知，本句是if引导的条件状语从句。Driving in winter是动名词结构作主语；can be是谓语部分；dangerous作表语；if you are not careful是条件状语从句。 37．（2026·上海青浦·一模）This program aims to teach students how they can stay safe online. (改为简单句) This program aims to teach students ________________ stay safe online. 【答案】 how to 【详解】句意：这个项目旨在教学生如何在网上保障安全。题目要求改为简单句，原句中的宾语从句how they can stay safe online可以替换为“疑问词+不定式”结构，即how to stay safe online，该结构可以直接作动词teach的宾语补足语。故填how；to。 38．（2026·上海长宁·一模）the plants, is, in the community garden, John’s job, to look after (连词成句) _______________________________________________. 【答案】John’s job is to look after the plants in the community garden 【详解】根据所给词可知，句子是陈述句，主语是John’s job，系动词是is，表语是to look after the plants，地点状语是in the community garden。故填John’s job is to look after the plants in the community garden“约翰的工作是照看社区花园里的植物”。 39．（2026·上海金山·一模）I wonder how I can take my cooking skills to the next level. (改为简单句) I wonder ________________ take my cooking skills to the next level. 【答案】 how to 【详解】句意：我想知道如何将我的烹饪技能提升到更高水平。原句是复合句，包含主句“I wonder”和宾语从句“how I can take...”。改为简单句时，用疑问词how+不定式结构来替换。故填how；to。 40．（2026·上海闵行·一模）I’m wondering how I can buy a ferry ticket and then go home by myself now. （改为简单句) I’m wondering ________________ buy a ferry ticket and then go home by myself now. 【答案】 how to 【详解】句意：我想知道现在我该如何自己买一张船票然后回家。宾语从句可转换为“疑问词+不定式”的结构，原句中的how I can buy可转换为how to buy，故填how；to。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 非谓语动词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 动词不定式 考点二 动名词 考点三 现在分词和过去分词 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1.从命题形式上看，非谓语动词主要出现在单项选择、单词拼写、完成句子、首字母填空、完形填空等题型中，是上海中考及一模、二模语法必考核心考点。 2.从命题内容上看，动词不定式、动名词的固定搭配是考查绝对重点，现在分词与过去分词作定语、宾补的用法也高频出现，侧重在语境中判断非谓语形式。 热考角度 考点 2026年 2025年 动词不定式 1. 固定搭配：expect/encourage/require/advise sb. to do 2. 固定句型：manage to do 3. 使役动词：make sb. do 4. 疑问词+不定式：how to do 1. 固定搭配：allow/enable/warn/remind sb. to do 2. 固定句型：fail to do/hope to do/offer to do 3. 形式主语：It is+adj.+to do 4. 后置定语：a place to visit 动名词 1. 动词+doing：finish/mind/deny/admit/imagine/consider 2. 固定句型：spend...doing/be busy doing 3. 介词+doing：without doing 1. 动词+doing：avoid/suggest/practice/keep/prefer doing 2. 固定句型：have trouble doing/waste time doing 3. 介词+doing：be used to doing 分词 1. 过去分词作后置定语 2. 现在分词作宾补（see sb. doing） 1. 过去分词作后置定语（made in...） 2. 分词作宾补辨析 命题预测 1.语境化：全部在真实语境中考查，不再孤立考查固定搭配，需结合句意判断非谓语功能。 2.高频化：动词不定式作宾补、动名词作宾语为最高频考点，近三年占比超 80%。 3.易混化：重点考查to do与 doing的易混搭配（如 remember/forget/stop to do/doing）。 4.综合化：结合词性转换、句型转换考查，如宾语从句改写为 “疑问词+不定式” 简单句。 5.实用化：选材贴近校园生活、社会热点、日常交际，符合上海中考命题风格。 考点一动词不定式 一、单词拼写 1．（2025·山东日照）Pang Meng tried to (偷) the medicine when Hou Yi was not home. 2．（2025·山东日照）The trade from China to the West helped to (传播) the popularity of tea. 3．（2025·四川泸州）It’s not healthy to s up late. You’d better go to bed early. 4．（2025·江苏无锡）We both agreed (write) about the changes in Taihu New City. 二、单项选择 1．（2025·吉林长春）________ eyes healthy, we students should spend less time on screens. A．To keep B．Keep C．Kept D．Keeping 2．（2025·江苏宿迁）Kitty will go to the English Corner ______ her English this Saturday afternoon. A．to practise B．practising C．practised D．practise 3．（2025·江苏扬州）We should build on past achievements and work together ________ a better world. A．make B．making C．made D．to make 4．（2025·天津）The government is developing new plans ________ ancient buildings. A．protect B．to protect C．protects D．protected 1.1.动词不定式的形式:基本形式为“to+动词原形”，否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。 例 It's important not to be late for class.上课不迟到是非常重要的。 1.2.动词不定式的功能 （1)动词不定式作状语。作状语时，一般在句中作目的状语、结果状语和原因状语。 例We need more money to improve transport in London.我们需要更多的钱来改善伦敦的交通状况。 （2)动词不定式作主语。常用it作形式主语，真正作主语的不定式后置。常用句型为“It is+adj.+(of/for sb.) to do sth.”。 例It's not easy to find your way around the town.在这个小镇上要找到路很不容易。 （3)动词不定式作宾语。常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有： would like/want to 想要agree to同意afford to 负担得起 hope/wish to 希望decide to决定promise to 承诺 continue to 继续expect to 期望refuse to 拒绝 （4)动词不定式作宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词： tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事warn sb.to do sth.警告某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 （5)动词不定式作定语。作定语时常放在修饰词后，作后置定语。 例I can't think of any good advice to give her.我想不出任何好的建议给她。 （6)动词不定式作表语。常放于be动词后。 例My job is to look after the baby.我的工作是照顾这个婴儿。 1.3.“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构 动词不定式可以与疑问代词who,whom,what,which,whose 及疑问副词when,where,how等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。 I didn't know how to get back to the village.我不知道怎样回到村子。 1.4.常见省略to的动词不定式结构 had better do sth.最好做某事would rather do sth.宁愿做某事 cannot but do sth.只好做某事Why(not)do sth.?为什么（不）做某事？ 考点二 动名词 一、单词拼写 1．（2025·四川德阳）The little girl stopped c and began to laugh when she saw the funny face. 2．（2025·黑龙江）The students should focus on (listen) to the teacher in class. 3．（2025·甘肃兰州）Keep studying hard in the future because (learn) is a lifelong journey. 4．（2025·江苏淮安）Millie enjoys singing and (read). These hobbies make her life colourful. 5．（2025·江苏扬州）Many poets express their love for Yangzhou by its beauty in their works. (赞赏) 6．（2025·江苏苏州）Before the Spring Festival, we spent weeks (练习) the dragon dance. 二、单项选择 1．（2025·黑龙江）—How do you improve your English listening skills? —I spend about twenty minutes ________ English videos every day. A．watch B．to watch C．watching 2.1.动名词的功能 （1)动名词作动词的宾语。常接动名词作宾语的动词（短语）有： enjoy喜欢finish 完成keep(on)保持mind介意 advise 建议suggest 建议practice 练习admit 承认 feel like 想要can't help 禁不住imagine 想象avoid 避免 （2)作介词的宾语。介词后用动名词作宾语。 例After eating in her restaurant people would become tired very quickly.顾客在她的餐馆里吃过饭以后，很快就会感到疲乏。 （3)动名词作定语。置于被修饰词之前，表明被修饰词的用途、性质等。 例She is in the waiting room.她在候车室。 例Let's buy a washing machine.我们买台洗衣机吧。 （4)动名词作主语。表示一种概念、习惯或经验，常用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句尾。 It is fun playing computer games.玩电脑游戏很有趣。 （5)动名词作表语。 例His favorite sports is playing basketball.他最喜欢的运动是打篮球。 考点三 现在分词和过去分词 一、单项选择 1．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）An artificial intelligence chatbot __________ by Deepseek is one of the fastest-growing consumer apps in history. A．decided B．divided C．developed D．discovered 2．（2025·天津河东·一模）The tea ________ in China ________ to many different places and countries. A．is made; send B．is made; is sent C．made; send D．made; is sent 3．（2025·江苏南京·一模）Kunqu ________ in Jiangsu Province is one of China’s oldest forms of opera and known for its pleasant singing. A．create B．created C．creating D．to create 4．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）I saw my computer teacher ________ a broken computer in his office at 7 p.m. yesterday. A．repair B．to repair C．repairing D．to repair 二、单词拼写 1．（2024·甘肃甘南）Teenagers should be allowed to get their ears (pierce). 2．（2025·黑龙江）Nowadays, more and more customers prefer buying products (make) in China. 分词有现在分词和过去分词两种。分词的句法功能如下： 功能 说明 例句 定语 修饰语与被修饰词为主动关系或动作正在进行用现在分词；反之，为被动关系或动作已完成用过去分词。单个分词作定语放在所修饰词前，分词短语作定语放在修饰词后。 For example,there are already robotsworking in factories.例如，已经有机器人在工厂里工作了。 He is a man loved by all.他是一个受大家爱戴的人。 状语 与主语为主动关系用现在分词；与主语为被动关系用过去分词。 Being ill,she stayed at home.因为病了，所以她待在家里。Given another hour,I can also workout this problem.再给我一个小时，我也能做出这道题。 补足语 宾语与补足语为主动关系或表示动作正在进行用现在分词；宾语与补足语为被动关系、动作已完成或动作他人完成用过去分词。 Don't have the students studying allday.不要让学生们整天学习。He found his hometown greatlychanged.他发现他的家乡变化很大。 一、单项选择 1．（2026·上海虹口·一模）Have you finished _______ your English composition on how to keep healthy? A．write B．writing C．to write D．to writing 2．（2026·上海杨浦·一模）The school expects students ________ well during exams. A．behave B．behaved C．behaving D．to behave 3．（2026·上海杨浦·一模）A group of students are busy ________ the posters for the school play. A．design B．designed C．to design D．designing 4．（2026·上海徐汇·一模）In many families, parents expect their first-born child ________ the younger siblings. A．look after B．to look after C．looking after D．looked after 5．（2026·上海徐汇·一模）The farmer grows his crops without ________ any chemicals. They are completely organic and safe to eat. A．use B．to use C．using D．used 6．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）Mr. Wang encouraged us ________ AI technology to create our own comic strips. A．use B．to use C．using D．to using 7．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）Ella said she didn’t mind ________ for some time before she could buy the ticket. A．wait B．waited C．to wait D．waiting 8．（2026·上海松江·一模）The heavy rain made most of the mountain climbers ________ halfway. A．stop B．to stop C．stopping D．stopped 9．（2026·上海静安·一模）I turned off the laptop after I finished ________ the notes. A．write B．to write C．writing D．writes 10．（2026·上海奉贤·一模）Students are encouraged ________ more time outdoors to improve their physical and mental health. A．spend B．to spend C．spending D．spent 11．（2026·上海宝山·一模）We managed ________ a table at the popular restaurant by calling early. A．book B．booked C．to book D．booking 12．（2026·上海长宁·一模）The school’s new library system enables readers ________ books conveniently online. A．borrow B．to borrow C．borrowed D．borrowing 13．（2026·上海闵行·一模）Finally, Jack managed ________ his broken bike by watching online instructional videos. A．repair B．to repair C．repairing D．repaired 14．（2026·上海浦东新·一模）Can you imagine ________ a strange planet some day in the future? A．visit B．visiting C．visited D．to visit 15．（2026·上海普陀·一模）The suspect finally admitted ________ to the police after days of questioning. A．lie B．lying C．to lie D．lied 16．（2026·上海普陀·一模）The exchange student never expected ________ such a warm welcome from his new classmates. A．receive B．receiving C．to receive D．received 17．（2026·上海金山·一模）Students are required ________ their hands before speaking in the discussion. A．raise B．raised C．raising D．to raise 18．（2026·上海黄浦·一模）Pelé spent his early years ________ soccer barefoot with a ball made of socks. A．play B．to play C．playing D．to playing 19．（2026·上海青浦·一模）Our school is considering ________ a fun fair to welcome the new year. A．holding B．to hold C．held D．hold 20．（2026·上海徐汇·一模）This video teaches people ________ to protect themselves during an earthquake. A．what B．how C．who D．that 21．（2026·上海浦东新·一模）The school requires the seventh graders ________ a safety training course. A．complete B．to complete C．completing D．completed 22．（2026·上海青浦·一模）The doctor advised the young man ________ eating unhealthy food in his daily life. A．stop B．to stop C．stopping D．stopped 23．（2026·上海松江·一模）Mr Ma was so busy ________ our homework that he forgot to have his lunch. A．check B．checked C．to check D．checking 24．（2026·上海闵行·一模）Grace denied ________ the tap running in the bathroom, but the floor was all wet. A．leave B．to leave C．leaving D．left 25．（2026·上海宝山·一模）The naughty boy finally admitted ________ the vase while flying the model plane at home. A．break B．broken C．breaking D．to break 26．（2026·上海长宁·一模）The suspect denied ________ the vase, but the cameras clearly showed his actions. A．to steal B．stole C．stealing D．steal 二、单词拼写 27．（2026·上海静安·一模）He finds it easier to ________ information by turning it into a song. (memory) 28．（2026·上海宝山·一模）This factory uses advanced robots to ________ the production lines. (operation) 29．（2026·上海长宁·一模）Many brave soldiers choose to ________ for honor rather than live in shame. (death) 30．（2026·上海虹口·一模）In the end they had to draw lots to _______ who would take part in the competition. (decision) 31．（2026·上海普陀·一模）It is unnecessary to ________ your ability to anyone. Just focus on your own progress. (proof) 32．（2026·上海黄浦·一模）It’s difficult to ________ which way to take in a dark and thick forest. (decision) 三、完成句子 33．（2026·上海金山·一模）is, to learn, very important, for us, it, self-protection skills (连词成句) __________________________________________________. 34．（2026·上海普陀·一模）to have an online meeting, is, enough, fast, the WiFi, for me (连词成句) ____________________________________. 35．（2026·上海黄浦·一模）before bedtime, avoid, a good night’s sleep, should, we, to get, screens and caffeine (连词成句) _________________________________________ 36．（2026·上海·三模）you, dangerous, in winter, be, if, are, driving, can, not careful （连词成句  ） _____________________________________________________________. 37．（2026·上海青浦·一模）This program aims to teach students how they can stay safe online. (改为简单句) This program aims to teach students ________________ stay safe online. 38．（2026·上海长宁·一模）the plants, is, in the community garden, John’s job, to look after (连词成句) _______________________________________________. 39．（2026·上海金山·一模）I wonder how I can take my cooking skills to the next level. (改为简单句) I wonder ________________ take my cooking skills to the next level. 40．（2026·上海闵行·一模）I’m wondering how I can buy a ferry ticket and then go home by myself now. （改为简单句) I’m wondering ________________ buy a ferry ticket and then go home by myself now. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $