Unit 5 Great inventions Lesson 3 Computers and the internet-【绿卡初中创新题】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语上课课件(冀教版·新教材)河北专版

该初中英语课件围绕“电脑与互联网”主题，核心讲解一般过去时的被动语态，包含单词、短语及相关句子。课堂通过“TECHNOLOGY IN OUR LIVES”热身活动导入，结合Jenny与妈妈的对话对比过去与现在学习方式，搭建从一般过去时到被动语态的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质和学习能力培养。通过对话阅读和思维导图梳理学习差异提升信息理解，语法部分用四步转换法和易混点区分培养分析能力，多样化练习和规则总结助学生掌握策略。学生能提升语言运用与逻辑思维，教师可直接使用结构化内容提高教学效率。

1 Unit 5 Great inventions 第 3 课 时 Lesson 3 Computers and the internet 2 单词：widely，tool，spell，print，dictionary，simply ，AI，definition，application 短语：be connected to ，look up，search for ，agree with sb. 句子：①Jenny, you’re so lucky to have a computer. ②And the internet was not as convenient as it is now. 1 能够在语篇中识别一般过去式的被动语态（was/were+V.-ed)并正确使用相关的结构，使表达更连贯、更准确。 3 2 能够理解电脑与互联网如何改变学习方式，掌握关键信息，并用简单句回答问题。 Learning Goals 3 Warming-up widely /̍waɪdli/ adv. 广泛地；普遍地 tool /tuːl/ n. 工具；方法 spell /spel/ v. 拼写；拼成 print /prɪnt/ v. 印刷；打印；发表 dictionary /̍dɪkʃənri/ n. 词典；字典 课 堂 学 习 Vocabulary simply /̍sɪmpli/ adv. 简单地；仅仅 AI /̩eɪ ̍aɪ/ abbr.（=artificial intelligence）人工智能 definition /̩defɪ̍nɪʃn/ n. 释义；解释 application /̩æplɪ̍keɪʃn/ n.（=app）应用程序；应用； 申请；请求 Vocabulary be connected to 与……相连 look up 查；查阅 search for 搜寻；搜索 agree with sb. 同意某人 Structures and Expressions What do you like to do on the computer? Tick and talk with your partner. □ Take an online course. □ Chat with friends. □ Send or receive emails. □ Do homework search. other：_____________________ 1 Read the conversation and answer the questions. 2 Jenny wants to do her homework on the computer. But her mum is using it. Jenny: Mum, is it okay if I use the computer now? Mum: Okay. I just finished my work, so it’s all yours. Jenny, you’re so lucky to have a computer. Jenny: Yes, I am. As it’s connected to the internet, it has made study and research much easier. Mum: This technology helps students a lot with their homework. But when I was a student, computers were not widely used. And the internet was not as convenient as it is now. I couldn’t imagine having such a convenient tool for getting the job done. Jenny: Mum, how was homework done in those days? Mum: Well, everything was written by hand on paper. When I didn’t know how to spell a word, I had to look it up in a printed dictionary. When I needed to do any research, I had to go to the library. Jenny: But now with the internet we can simply search for everything online. And there’s always new technology, like AI. Mum: Yes, and you can easily find definitions and examples for any word. The internet and the computer are amazing inventions with many applications. Jenny: I agree with you on that, Mum. A What does Jenny want to do on the computer? B How did Jenny’s mum do homework when she was a student? Jenny wants to do her homework on the computer. Homework was written by hand on paper. Read the conversation again and complete the mind map. 3 In the past (Mum's schooldays) At present (Jenny's schooldays) Differences Everything ______ ______ ______ hand on paper. She looked up the new word in ______ ______ ________. She had to ______ ______ ______ ______ to do research. Jenny wants to do her homework ______ ______ ________. Jenny can search for everything _______, and can easily find _________ ______ ________ for any word. There's always ______ __________ like AI. was written by go to the a printed dictionary on the computer online definitions and examples new technology library 1. Computers were not ______ _____. 2)The internet was not ____ __________ ____ it is now. 1. The technology helps students a lot with _____ __________. 2The internet and the computer are _________ ________ with many ___________. widely inventions applications used as convenient as their homework amazing Read the sentences, pay attention to the parts in yellow. 4 But when I was a student, computers were not widely used. Everything was written by hand on paper. When we use the passive voice to say a past thing, we use was/were. Yesterday, I found an old book. It was on the top of the shelf. It __________ (cover) by some newspapers. The book __________ (write) by a famous writer. I opened the book and soon I __________ (attract) by a photo in it. It was a photo of my grandfather. Now, many photos __________ (take) on mobile phones. Looking at the old photo, I __________ (bring) back to the time I spent with my kind grandfather during my childhood. was covered was written was attracted are taken was brought 一般过去时的被动语态定义 描述过去某个时间发生的被动动作 主语是动作的承受者，而非执行者 核心强调过去动作“被完成”的状态 区别于现在时被动：聚焦过去的动作或事实 常用时间标志：yesterday, last year, in the past, ago 一般过去时被动语态—肯定句 基本结构：主语 + was/were + 动词过去分词 单数主语/I/he/she/it 搭配was 复数主语/you/we/they 搭配were 例句：Paper was invented in ancient China. 例句：Many new parks were built in our city last year. was/were选用小技巧 看主语单复数直接判定，无需考虑人称 单数名词、不可数名词作主语，用was 复数名词、复数代词作主语，用were 单个事物用was，多个事物用were 例句：The letter was sent yesterday. / The letters were sent yesterday. 一般过去时被动语态—否定句 基本结构：主语 + was/were + not + 动词过去分词 常用缩写：wasn’t = was not；weren’t = were not 表示过去某个动作未被执行 例句：Computers weren’t widely used in the 1980s. 例句：The problem wasn’t solved last week. 一般过去时被动语态—一般疑问句 基本结构：Was/Were + 主语 + 动词过去分词？ 句首be动词随主语单复数变化 回答用Yes/No，后接简短形式呼应was/were 例句：Was the book written by a famous writer? 肯定回答：Yes, it was. 否定回答：No, it wasn’t. 一般过去时被动语态—特殊疑问句 基本结构：疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 动词过去分词？ 常用疑问词：when/where/who/how/what 用于提问过去被动动作的时间、地点、执行者 例句：When was the telephone invented? 例句：Where were these photos taken? 核心用法一：描述过去完成的被动动作 不知道动作执行者时，使用该语态 动作执行者不重要，无需提及的时候 例句：An old bridge was built near the village many years ago. 例句：A new library was opened in our school last month. 核心用法二：描述过去的客观事实/历史事件 多用于历史、发明、科技、文化等话题 表述公认的、过去发生的客观事实 例句：The Great Wall was built in ancient China. 例句：TV was invented in the 20th century. 主动语态变过去时被动语态—转换原则 只改变语态，不改变时态和句子原意 时间、地点、方式等状语保持不变 可根据需要保留或省略动作执行者 转换后句子的逻辑主语为原句宾语 例句：People built this tower in 1990. → 宾语this tower变主语 主动变过去时被动—四步转换法 第一步：将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语 第二步：根据新主语单复数选was或were 第三步：将主动句的动词变为过去分词形式 第四步：可选加by + 原主语，说明动作执行者 主动变被动—例句演示（单数主语） 主动句：A writer wrote this novel in 2000. 第一步：this novel 变主语 第二步：单数主语用was 第三步：wrote 变 written 第四步：加by a writer 被动句：This novel was written by a writer in 2000. 主动变被动—例句演示（复数主语） 主动句：They built many roads in this town last year. 第一步：many roads 变主语 第二步：复数主语用were 第三步：built 保持 built（过去分词同过去式） 第四步：加by them 被动句：Many roads were built by them in this town last year. 过去分词变化规则—规则动词（1） 一般情况：动词末尾直接加-ed use → used clean → cleaned all → called help → helped 过去分词变化规则—规则动词（2） 以e结尾的动词：直接加-d invent → invented like → liked live → lived change → changed 过去分词变化规则—规则动词（3） 辅音字母+y结尾：变y为i，再加-ed study → studied try → tried worry → worried carry → carried 过去分词变化规则—规则动词（4） 重读闭音节结尾+末尾单辅音：双写辅音加-ed stop → stopped plan → planned drop → dropped fit → fitted 易混点区分—一般现在vs一般过去被动 一般现在被动：描述经常性、习惯性的被动动作 标志词：every day, often, usually, always 一般过去被动：描述过去发生的一次性被动动作 标志词：yesterday, last, in the past, ...ago Read and complete the conversation. 5 A. How does it help you? B. It’s important for us to tell the good from the bad. C. I think the world was changed by the internet. D. The internet is a bridge between us. Mr Green: What do you think of the internet? Jenny: _______ Danny: I agree with you. Some of the advantages are indeed wonderful. Mr Green: You’re all right. The internet is used everywhere. _______ Jenny: I like to find information about sports and technology. Danny: I like chatting with my friends online. _______ Brian: I like doing research for my homework. There is so much information. _______ Mr Green: Exactly, the internet helps us a lot, but it also has many disadvantages... C A D B 1. As it's connected to the internet, it has made study and research much easier. 由于它连接了互联网，这让学习和研究变得容易多了。 be connected to 与......相连 例句： The hotel was connected to the station by a walkway. 一条人行通道把旅馆和车站连接起来。 【拓展】(1) be connected with与……有关联 例句：The Spring Festival is connected with many traditions and customs. 春节与许多传统和习俗相关联。 Language points connect v. 关联；连接 不及物动词connect to/with...与……连接；与……联系起来 及物动词 connect... with/to/and...把······与······连接/联系起来 例句： This corridor connects with the living room. 这条走廊与客厅相连。 例句：The fast Wi-Fi on China's space station helps astronauts connect with people on Earth easily. 中国空间站上的高速 Wi-Fi帮助航天员与地球上的人们轻松建立联系。 2. But when I was a student, computers were not widely used. 但当我是一名学生的时候，电脑还没有被广泛应用。 widely adv. 广泛地；普遍地讲 由“wide（adj.宽的；广泛的）+-ly（副词后缀）”构成。 例句： It is widely known that he is good at speaking in public. 众所周知，他擅长在公共场合发言。 例句： BDS has been widely used as public resources in our daily life. 北斗卫星导航系统作为公共资源已被广泛应用于我们的日常生活中。 【拓展】wide adj. 宽的；广泛的 width n.宽度；广度 3. When I didn't know how to spell a word, I had to look it up in a printed dictionary. 当我不知道一个单词怎么拼写的时候，我就得去查印刷版词典。 print v. 印刷；打印；发表 n. 印刷字体；印刷品；指纹 常用搭配：print out 打印出 相关词汇：printer n. 印刷工人；打印机 printing n. 印刷术；印刷 printed adj. 印刷的；打印的 例句：I need to print the report before the meeting. 我需要在会议前把报告打印出来。 例句：This company prints 50,000 newspapers every day. 这家公司每天印刷 5 万份报纸。 例句：Her story was printed in the local newspaper. 她的故事被刊登在当地报纸上。 例句：Please write your name in bold print. 请用加粗字体写下你的名字。 4. The internet and the computer are amazing inventions with many applications. 互联网和电脑是了不起的发明，有着诸多应用程序。 application n. 意为“应用”时，为不可数名词；还可意为“应用程序；申请；申请书”，为可数名词。 常见搭配：application of + 理论 / 方法 ……的应用 make an application (to sb.) for sth.(向某人) 申请某物 submit an application 提交申请 【拓展】 apply v. 应用；申请 apply for...申请…… apply... to... 把……应用到…… applicable adj. 适用的 be applicable to 适用于…… 例句：The application of new technology has changed our lives. 新技术的应用改变了我们的生活。 例句：I downloaded a useful language learning application. 我下载了一个有用的语言学习应用。 例句：He made an application to the school for a scholarship. 他向学校申请了奖学金。 例句：The new technology was applied to farming. 这项新技术已应用于农业。 一、单项选择 1. The windows ________ by Tom yesterday. A. is broken B. broke C. were broken D. breaks 2. A sports meeting ________ in our school last month. A. holds B. held C. is held D. was held 3. —Why ________ you ________ to the class meeting yesterday? —Because I was ill and had to rest at home. A. didn’t; invite B. weren’t; invited C. didn’t; invited D. wasn’t; invited Practice 4. The old house ________ in 1990. A. was built B. is built C. will be built D. builds 5. The sports meeting ________ because of the heavy rain, but the students ________ a wonderful indoor activity instead. A. was not held; were given B. didn’t hold; gave C. was not held; gave D. didn’t hold; was given 6. Many trees ________ on the hill last spring. A. planted B. were planted C. are planted D. plant 二、将主动句改为被动句 1.People invented the wheel in ancient times. 2.My mother bought a new watch for me yesterday. 3.The teacher corrected our homework after class. 4.They held a sports meeting in our school last week. 5.A famous artist drew this picture in 2010. The wheel was invented in ancient times by people. A new watch was bought for me by my mother yesterday. Our homework was corrected by the teacher after class. A sports meeting was held in our school last week by them. This picture was drawn by a famous artist in 2010. Review the grammar we learnt today. 2. Preview Unit 5 Lesson 4. Homework 绿卡图书—走向成功的通行证 Lavf59.27.100 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 null 96524.055 $