专题02 疑问词+ to do和情态动词must have to（期中复习讲义）八年级英语下学期新教材译林版

专题02 疑问词+ to do和情态动词must\have to（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 疑问词+ to do 知识点02 must / have to / mustn’t / don’t have to 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择 语法填空 完形填空 阅读理解 1.疑问词+ to do 2.must / have to / mustn’t / don’t have to 1.语境化考查：结合真实场景 / 主题，不再孤立考语法规则。 2.语用功能优先：侧重情态动词、不定式的交际用法辨析。 3.跨题型渗透：语法点在单选、完形、阅读中综合考查。 4.易错点聚焦：情态动词语义差异等细节。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 疑问词 + to do what/which/who/where/when/how + to do （why 不能加 to do） 疑问代词 疑问副词 1.结构与句子成分 ◦作宾语：常跟在know, learn, ask, decide, wonder, find out等动词后，如：I don't know what to say next. ◦作双宾语：常跟在advise, ask, show, teach, tell等动词后，如：Please tell me how to get there. ◦作主语/表语：如：How to deal with the problem is important. / The problem is when to leave. 2.特殊用法 ◦疑问词+名词+不定式：如how many subjects to choose ◦与sure/certain连用：如I am not sure which way to take. ◦可改写为宾语从句：如I don't know what to do = I don't know what I should do. 3.特殊限制：只有why不能与动词不定式连用。 易错点&避坑指南 •改写宾语从句时，注意从句语序为陈述语序； •误将why与不定式连用，如错误表达：I don't know why to go.（正确：I don't know why I should go.） 拓展补充 •常见疑问词包括：疑问代词what/which/who/whose，疑问副词how/when/where； •不定式结构中，不定式的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。 典例01 1．（2024·江苏泰州·三模）Lucy had few close friends at school, so she didn’t know ________ about the trouble. A．who to talk B．who to talk to C．who to say D．what to talk 【答案】B 【详解】句意：露西在学校没有几个亲密的朋友，所以她不知道该向谁倾诉她的烦恼。 考查疑问词+不定式结构。talk谈论；talk to和……交谈；say说，后接说话内容。根据“she didn’t know ... about the trouble”可知，此处指关于她的烦恼，她不知道该和谁交谈，who to talk to符合题意。故选B。 典例02 2．I don’t know ________ about the air crash at the meeting. Could you please give some ________? A．what to talk, advice B．what to say, advice C．how to talk, advices D．how to say, advices 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不知道该在会上关于空难该说些什么。你能给我一些建议吗？ 考查疑问词+动词不定式的结构和不可数名词。根据“I don’t know…about the air crash at the meeting. ”可知此句是宾语从句，“the air crash at the meeting”是“说”的内容，应用动词say，排除选项A和C；advice“意为建议”，是不可数名词， give some advice意为“给一些建议”，排除选项D。故选B。 典例03 3．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）Daniel didn’t know ________ about the 2025 Huai’an Marathon. A．what to talk to B．what to talk C．who to talk to D．who to talk 【答案】C 【详解】句意：丹尼尔不知道该跟谁谈论2025年淮安马拉松赛。 考查“疑问词+动词不定式”结构和动词短语。根据题干和选项可知，此处应用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语，表示“不知道该和谁谈论2025年淮安马拉松赛”，talk to sb. about sth.表示“和某人谈论某事”，talk to后接人，所以此处应用疑问词who指人。故选C。 即时检测 1．—Kitty, do you still remember the novel you borrowed from the library? —Yes, Mum. I’ll do it this afternoon. A． who to renew B．when to renew C．where to renew D．what to renew 2．（24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·期中）I don’t know ________ my worries because I’m too shy to communicate with others. A．how to deal with B．how can I deal with C．what to deal with D．how to do with 3．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）—You should be careful when ________. —Thanks, I will. I know when ________ to have a rest. A． driving; to stop B．driving; stopping C．to drive; stopping D．to drive; to stop 4．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）—Have you decided ________, lady?    —Sorry, I haven’t. A．to buy which one B．buy which one C．which to buy one D．which one to buy 5．—I haven’t decided ________ my holiday. —What about places of natural beauty? A． when to spend B．where to spend C．how to spend D．who to spend 6．—What will they do with the waste water? —Oh, they are discussing ________  to use it in a right way. A． where B．what C．how D．Which 7．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期中）City or country? I don’t know ______ as my living place because both of them have good sides. A．who to choose B．which to choose C．what to choose D．when to choose 8．—I have a five-day holiday. But I don’t know ________. —How about Yunnan? A． what to do B．where to go C．when to go D．how to go 9．—I want to read Black Beauty, but I don’t know _________ the book. —Well, you can try our school library or City Library. A． where to find B．when to finish C．how to find D．why to read 10．（24-25八年级下·江苏南通·期中）—I want to read a Chinese classic but don’t know ________.   —________ Journey to the West? It’s full of imagination! A．which to choose; Why not try B．how to choose; What about C．what to choose; Let’s read D．where to choose; You must read 11．（24-25八年级下·安徽蚌埠·期中）Lucy had few close friends. So she didn’t know ________ about the trouble. A．who to talk to B．who to talk C．who to say D．what to talk 12．（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）—I have trouble with my report and don’t know which topic to choose. —You can go to Miss Wang. She will tell you ________. A．how to translate it B．what to write about C．when to hand it in D．where to borrow books 知识点02 must / have to 情态动词 含义 核心区别 否定形式&含义 must 必须（主观义务）；一定（肯定推测） 说话者主观要求，无人称变化 must not（禁止，不许，不表否定推测） have to 不得不（客观需要） 受外界条件限制，有人称/数变化（has to） don't/doesn't have to（不必，不需要） 易错点&避坑指南 •must 表推测时，否定推测用can't，不能用mustn't，如：You can't be hungry now.（你现在不可能饿）； •have to 需根据主语变化形式，如He has to go home now. 拓展补充 •回答must引导的疑问句时，否定回答用needn't或don't have to，不用mustn't，如： — Must I finish it today? — No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to. 典例01 1．（25-26八年级下·江苏南京·单元测试）The government encourages people to use public transport to reduce air pollution. We _________ drive private cars less often. A．have to B．mustn’t C．don’t have to D．Must 【答案】D 【详解】句意：政府鼓励人们使用公共交通来减少空气污染。我们必须减少开私家车的频率。 考查情态动词辨析。have to不得不；mustn’t禁止；don’t have to不必；must必须。根据“to reduce air pollution”可知，此处表示有必要这样做，must侧重说话人的主观意愿，符合语境中主动减少私家车使用的态度。故选D。 典例02 2．（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）—Must I return the book this week? —No, you ________. You can ________ it for two weeks. A． needn’t; keep B．needn’t; borrow C．mustn’t; keep D．mustn’t; borrow 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我必须这周还书吗？——不，你不必。你可以保留它两周。 考查动词辨析。mustn’t不行，表禁止；needn’t不需要，不必；keep保留，延续性动词；borrow借入，非延续性动词。根据“Must I”可知，must开头的一般疑问句，其否定回答用needn’t，表示“不需要，不必”；根据“for two weeks”可知，此处表示动作持续一段时间，应用延续性动词keep表示“保留”。故选A。 典例03 3．（25-26八年级下·江苏连云港·月考）—Must I go to college and be a doctor like you when I grow up, Dad? —No, you ________, son. You’re free to decide your own future. A． must not B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t have to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我长大后必须上大学并像你一样当一名医生吗？——不，你不必，儿子。你可以自由决定自己的未来。 must not禁止；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；don’t have to不必。以“Must”开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to，表示“不必”，应填don’t have to。 即时检测 1．（25-26八年级下·江苏南京·单元测试）The volunteer team _________ help clean up the community park every weekend. It’s their promise to protect the environment. A．has to B．must C．should D．Need 2．（25-26八年级上·江苏南京·期末）You _________ return the book to the library by Friday, or you _________ pay a fine. A．must; have to B．can; must C．may; will D．should; might 3．（24-25八年级下·江苏连云港·期中）With the help of an iRobot floor cleaner, my mum ________ sweep the floor herself. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．doesn’t have to 4．（24-25八年级下·江苏南通·期中）You must feel very tired after two hours’ waiting at the crossroads. Actually, you ________ stand all the time. You can find a place to be seated for a rest. A．mustn’t B．don’t have to C．can’t D．shouldn’t 5．（24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）—Must we arrive at the airport two hours earlier? —No, ________. A． you mustn’t B．you don’t have to C．you must D．you have to 6．You ________ feel very tired after two hours’ waiting at the crossroads. Actually, you ________ stand all the time. You can find a place to rest. A．can; mustn’t B．can; don’t have to C．must; don’t have to D．must; mustn’t 7．You ________ talk loudly in the library. It’s a rule that everyone must keep quiet. A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．can D．have to 8．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）This book ________ Lucy’s, because her name is on it. A．may be B．can’t be C．must be D．mustn’t be 9．（24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）—There is a knock at the door.      —It ________ be my father. He always comes back at this time. A．can’t B．must C．may D．may not 10．—Look! The light in his room is still on. Jack ________ be in the room. —It ________ be him. He has just gone to the library. A．can; mustn’t B．must; can’t C．must; mustn’t D．can’t; must、 解｜题｜技｜巧（考试直接套用） 1.疑问词+不定式 作宾语，why 永远不能用不定式； 2.mustn't 表禁止，否定推测用can't，don't have to 表不必。 •must：主观必须 → mustn’t：禁止 •have to：客观不得不 → don’t have to：不必 即时检测 一、单项选择（每题2分，共10分） 1. I really don’t know ______ next. Could you give me some advice? A. what do B. what to do C. how do D. how to do it 2. — The room is too dirty. ______ we clean it right now? — Yes, it’s your duty today. A. Must B. Have to C. Mustn’t D. Don’t have to 3. You ______ smoke in the hospital. It’s against the rules. A. must B. have to C. mustn’t D. don’t have to 4. He is new here, so he doesn’t know ______ the library. A. where find B. where to find C. to where find D. find where 5. It’s not raining now, you ______ take an umbrella with you. A. must B. have to C. mustn’t D. don’t have to 二、适当形式填空（每题2分，共10分） 1.She hasn’t decided which sweater ______ (choose) yet. 2.Please tell me how ______ (solve) this difficult problem. 3.You ______ play with fire. It’s very dangerous. (禁止) 4.I ______ get up early every day, because my home is far from school. (不得不) 5.I am not sure when ______ (leave) for Beijing. 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．—AI can even talk to humans now. But people are wondering ________ it safely. —Scientists are creating rules to help. A．what to manage B．how to manage C．why to manage D．whom to manage 2．—I am so into music but I don’t know ________ good songs. Any ideas? —You can try different music apps to find your favourites. A．when to choose B．what to choose C．how to choose D．which to choose 3．—The AI assistant DeepSeek is really popular now. Can you show me ________? —Just type in its name in the search engine and you’ll find its website. A．which one to try B．what to learn C．when to use it D．how to visit it 4．— I want to travel to the UK. Can you give me some advice, Luke?     — Why not ask DeepSeek for help? It can make a wonderful plan and tell you ________. A．how to do B．where to do C．what to do D．when to do 5．—The tools are ready and I have washed the fruit. But I have no idea ________ to do next. —Cut the apples into pieces, please. A．how B．which C．why D．what 6．We ________ draw in the library book. We should follow library rules. A．may B．must C．mustn’t D．needn’t 7．—What beautiful works of art! May I take photos of them? —Sorry, you ________ take photos in the museum. The flash is bad for them. A．mustn’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 8．—Must I return the book this week?   —No, you ________. You can ________ it for 20 days. A．don’t have to; keep B．needn’t; borrow C．mustn’t; keep D．mustn’t; lend 9．Nowadays many museums of Natural Science are free, so people ________ pay to enter. A．mustn’t B．don’t have to C．shouldn’t D．can’t 10．— ________ have you kept the book? — Since last month. I ________ return it to the library today or I can’t borrow one next time. A．How often; must B．How long; have to C．How soon; have to D．When; must 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 二、单词拼写 11．The purpose of the meeting is ________ (discuss) problems, share ideas and plan next steps. 12．He is so careless that he often forgets when ________ (hand) in his report. 13．Mr Wu advised us ________ (not be) dishonest because that would make us lose friends. 14．Good ________ (communicate) between parents and children is important. 15．My sister is going to stay with a ________ (France) family during her study in Paris. 三、短文填空 Last term, our class went on a special trip to a small mountain village. We learnt from the people there and experienced a different kind of life with 16 (excited). The old teacher there was 17 excellent guide. He knew much about the village’s history and culture. He has worked in the village school 18 he finished college. He cares a lot about all the 19 (villager) children and tries his best to teach them well. So far, his hard work 20 (lead) the kids to become more confident and hopeful about the future. We also joined some 21 (education) activities, such as reading groups and nature classes. Most of us 22 (prefer) the outdoor lessons, as they let us see the world in new ways. These activities helped open our eyes to different lives. We walked across green hills and clean rivers, enjoying the beauty of nature. Some students visited the village school 23 (two) during our stay. They loved reading together and wanted 24 (book) more activities for the next visit. By the end of the trip, we all learned that true learning is not only from textbooks but also from real life. The trip 25 this village brought us joy and clear thinking, and we will keep it in our minds for a long time. 四、完形填空 Louis was a little child. He always stayed at home watching TV. One day, he went hiking with his classmates in a forest. He got 26 and saw a dwarf (侏儒). The dwarf didn’t notice a huge stone was rolling towards him. Louis saved the dwarf. The dwarf thanked Louis so much that he took Louis to a well. “This is a 27 well,” said the dwarf. “Wonderful gifts often come out of it, and you can enjoy them.” They waited for a moment and a cool bike came out of the well. Louis was very 28 . He spent a long time looking at the bike. Finally, he got on it to have a try. However, the bike disappeared (消失) soon. Then, a beautiful jacket came out of the well. 29 , Louis spent a long time looking at it. And just 30 he put it on, the jacket disappeared. This happened several times. At first Louis was 31 , but he soon tried his best to enjoy these gifts. When he sat down and had a rest, the dwarf explained (解释) that the well had always 32 this way. It was like life. There were many good things in life, but they didn’t last (持续) for a long time. Hearing his words, Louis 33 his problem. He spent all his time watching TV and didn’t enjoy the good things in life. Since then, Louis learned to see 34 as a gift, and tried to enjoy it. He didn’t feel 35 any more. 26．A．hurt B．lost C．gone D．missed 27．A．magic B．usual C．special D．trick 28．A．unhappy B．interested C．wonderful D．excited 29．A．And B．Then C．Again D．Finally 30．A．before B．since C．until D．because 31．A．happy B．surprised C．great D．angry 32．A．worked B．played C．did D．went 33．A．understood B．realized C．found D．felt 34．A．something B．anyone C．everything D．nothing 35．A．angry B．glad C．sad D．bored 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 五、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。 Are you looking for good books to read? You’re in the right place. Here 36 . I believe that the books are changing our lives. But first, I want you to think about reading in a different context(语境). You can not just read for fun. Instead, think of reading as a tool for solving problems, a tool you can use to get valuable knowledge from experts all over the world. How many times have you found you have no idea how to solve a problem? Whether 37 or how to become a better acting of yourself, you just can’t seem to come up with this? Well, 38 and the answer is very easy to get. You can find the answers to most things by reading a book. In my Better Habits Guide, one of the ten daily habits I suggest is reading, In Fear of Failure. I note that 39 in the effort to learn from the tests and mistakes of others. All in all, reading is good. Although I said a lot, I still believe 40 than others. These good books are the ones that have had a wonderful influence on my journey to be a better person. A．some books are more powerful B．I’ve put together a list of good books to read C．it’s how to deal with a situation at work D．that’s a great question to ask yourself E．reading books is a powerful tool F．you’d better carry a book with you 六、完成句子 41．you these decided with what have to do books ___________________________? 42．would showing mind me how you to start          ___________________________? 43．meet together, often, We, what to read, discuss, and ____________________________________________________________. 44．Gulliver, how, know, didn’t, to, away, get ___________________________________. 45．you  mind  showing  would  me  to  online  how  book tickets ____________________________________? 七、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（每题答案不超过10个单词） Many schools today are using online classes as a useful and popular way to teach students. It is convenient and easy for both teachers and students. But to learn well online, students need to use the right ways. Here are some simple and useful tips to make the most of online learning. First, find a quiet and tidy place to study. Such a space can help you keep your attention and not get distracted by TV, games or talks around you. Second, get everything ready before class starts. You should check your computer, notebooks and pens carefully. It is also important to make sure your Internet works well so that your class will not stop suddenly. Third, listen to your teachers carefully and take useful notes in class. Just like in real classrooms, taking notes helps you think and remember key points better. Fourth, don’t be shy to ask for help when you have problems. You can send your teacher a message or talk about it after class. Online learning is not as hard as you think. If you can follow these small good habits, you will make great progress and enjoy your online classes a lot. 46．What do many schools use to teach students? 47．What kind of place helps students stay focused? 48．What should students make sure works well before class? 49．What helps students remember key points better? 50．How can students ask for help if they have problems? 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 疑问词+ to do和情态动词must\have to（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 疑问词+ to do 知识点02 must / have to / mustn’t / don’t have to 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择 语法填空 完形填空 阅读理解 1.疑问词+ to do 2.must / have to / mustn’t / don’t have to 1.语境化考查：结合真实场景 / 主题，不再孤立考语法规则。 2.语用功能优先：侧重情态动词、不定式的交际用法辨析。 3.跨题型渗透：语法点在单选、完形、阅读中综合考查。 4.易错点聚焦：情态动词语义差异等细节。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 疑问词 + to do what/which/who/where/when/how + to do （why 不能加 to do） 疑问代词 疑问副词 1.结构与句子成分 ◦作宾语：常跟在know, learn, ask, decide, wonder, find out等动词后，如：I don't know what to say next. ◦作双宾语：常跟在advise, ask, show, teach, tell等动词后，如：Please tell me how to get there. ◦作主语/表语：如：How to deal with the problem is important. / The problem is when to leave. 2.特殊用法 ◦疑问词+名词+不定式：如how many subjects to choose ◦与sure/certain连用：如I am not sure which way to take. ◦可改写为宾语从句：如I don't know what to do = I don't know what I should do. 3.特殊限制：只有why不能与动词不定式连用。 易错点&避坑指南 •改写宾语从句时，注意从句语序为陈述语序； •误将why与不定式连用，如错误表达：I don't know why to go.（正确：I don't know why I should go.） 拓展补充 •常见疑问词包括：疑问代词what/which/who/whose，疑问副词how/when/where； •不定式结构中，不定式的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。 典例01 1．（2024·江苏泰州·三模）Lucy had few close friends at school, so she didn’t know ________ about the trouble. A．who to talk B．who to talk to C．who to say D．what to talk 【答案】B 【详解】句意：露西在学校没有几个亲密的朋友，所以她不知道该向谁倾诉她的烦恼。 考查疑问词+不定式结构。talk谈论；talk to和……交谈；say说，后接说话内容。根据“she didn’t know ... about the trouble”可知，此处指关于她的烦恼，她不知道该和谁交谈，who to talk to符合题意。故选B。 典例02 2．I don’t know ________ about the air crash at the meeting. Could you please give some ________? A．what to talk, advice B．what to say, advice C．how to talk, advices D．how to say, advices 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不知道该在会上关于空难该说些什么。你能给我一些建议吗？ 考查疑问词+动词不定式的结构和不可数名词。根据“I don’t know…about the air crash at the meeting. ”可知此句是宾语从句，“the air crash at the meeting”是“说”的内容，应用动词say，排除选项A和C；advice“意为建议”，是不可数名词， give some advice意为“给一些建议”，排除选项D。故选B。 典例03 3．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）Daniel didn’t know ________ about the 2025 Huai’an Marathon. A．what to talk to B．what to talk C．who to talk to D．who to talk 【答案】C 【详解】句意：丹尼尔不知道该跟谁谈论2025年淮安马拉松赛。 考查“疑问词+动词不定式”结构和动词短语。根据题干和选项可知，此处应用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语，表示“不知道该和谁谈论2025年淮安马拉松赛”，talk to sb. about sth.表示“和某人谈论某事”，talk to后接人，所以此处应用疑问词who指人。故选C。 即时检测 1．—Kitty, do you still remember the novel you borrowed from the library? —Yes, Mum. I’ll do it this afternoon. A． who to renew B．when to renew C．where to renew D．what to renew 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】疑问词+动词不定式、who、where、what 【详解】句意：——Kitty，你还记得什么时候续借你从图书馆借的小说吗？——是的，妈妈。我今天下午就去。 考查疑问词+不定式。根据“do it this afternoon”可知，此处问什么时候去续借，用疑问词“when+不定式”作宾语。故选B。 2．（24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·期中）I don’t know ________ my worries because I’m too shy to communicate with others. A．how to deal with B．how can I deal with C．what to deal with D．how to do with 【答案】A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】疑问词+动词不定式、宾语从句的语序 【详解】句意：我不知道如何处理我的烦恼，因为我太害羞了以至于不能和别人交流 。 考查疑问词+不定式结构和宾语从句语序。“如何处理”常用“how to deal with”或“what to do with”。“deal with”与“how”搭配，“do with”与“what”搭配。“疑问词+动词不定式”结构在句中可作宾语，所以这里要用“how to deal with”。B选项是疑问语序，故选A。 3．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）—You should be careful when ________. —Thanks, I will. I know when ________ to have a rest. A． driving; to stop B．driving; stopping C．to drive; stopping D．to drive; to stop 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】疑问词+动词不定式、省略句 【详解】句意：——你开车时应该小心。——谢谢，我会的。我知道什么时候该停下来休息。 考查非谓语动词和省略句。根据“You should be careful when...”可知，该句是when引导的时间状语从句，时态用现在进行时“be doing”，此处从句与主句是同一个主语，可以省略主谓，第一空用现在分词，排除CD；第二空作动词know的宾语，用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。故选A。 4．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）—Have you decided ________, lady?    —Sorry, I haven’t. A．to buy which one B．buy which one C．which to buy one D．which one to buy 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】句意：——女士，您决定好买哪一个了吗？——抱歉，我还没有。 考查疑问词 + 动词不定式结构。根据“Have you decided”可知，这里需要“疑问词 + 动词不定式”作宾语，which one为疑问词组，表示“哪一个”。故选D。 5．—I haven’t decided ________ my holiday. —What about places of natural beauty? A． when to spend B．where to spend C．how to spend D．who to spend 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】how、where、who、疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】句意：——我还没决定去哪里度假。——自然美景的地方怎么样？ 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。when to spend什么时候去度假；where to spend去哪里度假；how to spend怎样去度假；who to spend谁去度假。根据“What about places of natural beauty?”可知，是问去哪里度假。故选B。 6．—What will they do with the waste water? —Oh, they are discussing ________  to use it in a right way. A． where B．what C．how D．Which 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】疑问词+动词不定式、which、where、what、how 【详解】句意：——他们将如何处理这些废水？——他们正在讨论如何正确地使用它。 考查疑问词+不定式。where在哪里；what什么；how如何；which哪一个。根据“use it in a right way”可知，表示正确使用废水的方法要用how，此处为“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。故选C。 7．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期中）City or country? I don’t know ______ as my living place because both of them have good sides. A．who to choose B．which to choose C．what to choose D．when to choose 【答案】B 【难度】0.85 【知识点】what、which、who、疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】句意：城市还是乡村？我不知道该选哪个作为居住地，因为它们都有优点。 考查“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。who to choose选谁；which to choose选哪个；what to choose选什么；when to choose何时选。根据“City or country”可知，要从两个中选一个，但不知道选哪个。故选B。 8．—I have a five-day holiday. But I don’t know ________. —How about Yunnan? A． what to do B．where to go C．when to go D．how to go 【答案】B 【难度】0.85 【知识点】疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】句意：——我有五天的假期。但我不知道该去哪里。——云南怎么样？ 考查疑问词辨析。根据“How about Yunnan?”可知，不知去哪里度假，where to go为“疑问词+动词不定式”，表示“去哪里”。故选B。 9．—I want to read Black Beauty, but I don’t know _________ the book. —Well, you can try our school library or City Library. A． where to find B．when to finish C．how to find D．why to read 【答案】A 【难度】0.94 【知识点】疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】句意：——我想读《黑美人》，但我不知道去哪找这本书。——试一试咱们学校图书馆或者城市图书馆。 考查疑问词+不定式结构。where to find去哪找；when to finish什么时候完成；how to find怎样找；why to read为什么读。结合答句“you can try our school library or City Library.”可知，此处表达的意思是“在哪里能找到”，故选A。 10．（24-25八年级下·江苏南通·期中）—I want to read a Chinese classic but don’t know ________.   —________ Journey to the West? It’s full of imagination! A．which to choose; Why not try B．how to choose; What about C．what to choose; Let’s read D．where to choose; You must read 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】疑问词+动词不定式、特殊疑问句、which、where、what、how 【详解】句意：——我想读一本中国名著，但不知道选哪本。——为什么不试试《西游记》呢？它充满了想象力！ 考查疑问词和特殊疑问句。which哪一个；how怎样；what什么；where哪里；Why not try为什么不试试；What about怎么样；Let’s read让我们读；You must read你必须读。根据“...Journey to the West?”可知应是表示建议的疑问句，故第二空排除C与D选项；根据“I want to read a Chinese classic but don’t know...”可知，此处指不知道选哪本名著，故第一空是which to choose，how to choose表示方式，不符合句意。故选A。 11．（24-25八年级下·安徽蚌埠·期中）Lucy had few close friends. So she didn’t know ________ about the trouble. A．who to talk to B．who to talk C．who to say D．what to talk 【答案】A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】句意：露西几乎没有亲密的朋友。所以她不知道该和谁谈谈这件事。 考查疑问词+动词不定式结构。talk to sb. about sth.“和某人谈论某事”；say sth. to sb.“向某人说某事”，是固定搭配，根据“about the trouble”可知，此处指谈论事情，A项符合。故选A。 12．（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）—I have trouble with my report and don’t know which topic to choose. —You can go to Miss Wang. She will tell you ________. A．how to translate it B．what to write about C．when to hand it in D．where to borrow books 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】句意：——我的报告遇到了麻烦，不知道选哪个主题。——你可以去找王老师。她会告诉你写什么内容。 考查非谓语动词。how to translate it如何翻译它；what to write about写什么内容；when to hand it in什么时候交；where to borrow books去哪里借书。根据“I have trouble with my report and don’t know which topic to choose.”可知，此处指不知道写什么主题，王老师会告诉写什么内容，故选B。 知识点02 must / have to 情态动词 含义 核心区别 否定形式&含义 must 必须（主观义务）；一定（肯定推测） 说话者主观要求，无人称变化 must not（禁止，不许，不表否定推测） have to 不得不（客观需要） 受外界条件限制，有人称/数变化（has to） don't/doesn't have to（不必，不需要） 易错点&避坑指南 •must 表推测时，否定推测用can't，不能用mustn't，如：You can't be hungry now.（你现在不可能饿）； •have to 需根据主语变化形式，如He has to go home now. 拓展补充 •回答must引导的疑问句时，否定回答用needn't或don't have to，不用mustn't，如： — Must I finish it today? — No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to. 典例01 1．（25-26八年级下·江苏南京·单元测试）The government encourages people to use public transport to reduce air pollution. We _________ drive private cars less often. A．have to B．mustn’t C．don’t have to D．Must 【答案】D 【详解】句意：政府鼓励人们使用公共交通来减少空气污染。我们必须减少开私家车的频率。 考查情态动词辨析。have to不得不；mustn’t禁止；don’t have to不必；must必须。根据“to reduce air pollution”可知，此处表示有必要这样做，must侧重说话人的主观意愿，符合语境中主动减少私家车使用的态度。故选D。 典例02 2．（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）—Must I return the book this week? —No, you ________. You can ________ it for two weeks. A． needn’t; keep B．needn’t; borrow C．mustn’t; keep D．mustn’t; borrow 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我必须这周还书吗？——不，你不必。你可以保留它两周。 考查动词辨析。mustn’t不行，表禁止；needn’t不需要，不必；keep保留，延续性动词；borrow借入，非延续性动词。根据“Must I”可知，must开头的一般疑问句，其否定回答用needn’t，表示“不需要，不必”；根据“for two weeks”可知，此处表示动作持续一段时间，应用延续性动词keep表示“保留”。故选A。 典例03 3．（25-26八年级下·江苏连云港·月考）—Must I go to college and be a doctor like you when I grow up, Dad? —No, you ________, son. You’re free to decide your own future. A． must not B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t have to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我长大后必须上大学并像你一样当一名医生吗？——不，你不必，儿子。你可以自由决定自己的未来。 must not禁止；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；don’t have to不必。以“Must”开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to，表示“不必”，应填don’t have to。 即时检测 1．（25-26八年级下·江苏南京·单元测试）The volunteer team _________ help clean up the community park every weekend. It’s their promise to protect the environment. A．has to B．must C．should D．Need 【答案】B 【难度】0.85 【知识点】must表示必须、must 【详解】句意：志愿者团队每个周末都必须帮忙打扫社区公园。这是他们保护环境的承诺。 考查情态动词辨析。has to不得不；must必须；should应该；need需要。根据“It’s their promise to protect the environment.”可知，这是他们的承诺，因此是一种责任或义务，用“必须”更符合语境。故选B。 2．（25-26八年级上·江苏南京·期末）You _________ return the book to the library by Friday, or you _________ pay a fine. A．must; have to B．can; must C．may; will D．should; might 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】have to、must表示必须、must 【详解】句意：你必须在星期五之前把书归还给图书馆，否则你将不得不支付罚款。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须，强调主观上的必要性；have to不得不，强调客观上的必要性；can能，可以；may可以，可能；will将会；should应该；might可能。根据“return the book to the library by Friday”可知，这里表示图书馆的规定：周五前还书是“必须”（主观必要性）履行的义务，否则后果是“必须”（客观结果）支付罚款。故选A。 3．（24-25八年级下·江苏连云港·期中）With the help of an iRobot floor cleaner, my mum ________ sweep the floor herself. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．doesn’t have to 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】have to、shouldn't、mustn't、动词辨析 【详解】句意：在iRobot地板清洁机的帮助下，我妈妈不必自己扫地。 考查情态动词。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；doesn’t have to不必。根据“With the help of an iRobot floor cleaner”可知，有了iRobot地板清洁机的帮助，妈妈“不必”自己扫地。故选D。 4．（24-25八年级下·江苏南通·期中）You must feel very tired after two hours’ waiting at the crossroads. Actually, you ________ stand all the time. You can find a place to be seated for a rest. A．mustn’t B．don’t have to C．can’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】动词辨析、shouldn't、mustn't、don't(do not)、have to 【详解】句意：在十字路口等了两个小时，你一定很累了。其实，你不必一直站着。你可以找个地方坐下休息。 考查情态动词的用法。mustn’t禁止；don’t have to不必；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该。根据题干后半句“You can find a place to be seated for a rest（你可以找个地方坐下休息）”可知，此处表达的是“不需要一直站着”，强调“没有义务或必要性”，而非“禁止”或“能力不足”。don’t have to表示“不必”，符合语境，故选B。 5．（24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）—Must we arrive at the airport two hours earlier? —No, ________. A． you mustn’t B．you don’t have to C．you must D．you have to 【答案】B 【难度】0.85 【知识点】have to、must表示必须、一般疑问句 【详解】句意：——我们必须提前两小时到达机场吗？——不，你不必。 考查情态动词用法。Must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用“No, you don’t have to”或“No, you needn’t”，表示“不必”。故选B。 6．You ________ feel very tired after two hours’ waiting at the crossroads. Actually, you ________ stand all the time. You can find a place to rest. A．can; mustn’t B．can; don’t have to C．must; don’t have to D．must; mustn’t 【答案】C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】must表示推测、have to、mustn't、must 【详解】句意：在十字路口等了两个小时，你一定很累了。其实不用一直站着。你可以找个地方休息。 考查情态动词辨析。can可能； mustn’t不得；don’t have to不必；must一定。根据“after two hours’ waiting”可知，此处表示等了两个小时一定很累了，所以第一空填must；根据“You can find a place to rest.”可知，此处表示不必一直站着，所以第二空填don’t have to。故选C。 7．You ________ talk loudly in the library. It’s a rule that everyone must keep quiet. A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．can D．have to 【答案】B 【难度】0.85 【知识点】must否定表示禁止、must 【详解】句意：你不准在图书馆大声说话。这是一条每个人都必须保持安静的规定。 needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止，不准；can能，可以；have to不得不。根据“It’s a rule that everyone must keep quiet.”可知图书馆规定保持安静，因此禁止大声喧哗。 8．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）This book ________ Lucy’s, because her name is on it. A．may be B．can’t be C．must be D．mustn’t be 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】must表示推测 【详解】句意：这本书一定是Lucy的，因为她的名字在上面。 考查情态动词的用法。may be也许是；can’t be不可能是；must be一定是；mustn’t be禁止是。根据“because her name is on it”可知此处表示“一定是”。故选C。 9．（24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）—There is a knock at the door.      —It ________ be my father. He always comes back at this time. A．can’t B．must C．may D．may not 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】must表示推测、must、May 【详解】句意：——有人敲门。——一定是我父亲。他总是在这个时间回来。 考查情态动词。can’t不可能；must一定；may可能；may not可能不。根据“He always comes back at this time.”可知，说话人认为敲门的人一定是父亲，故选B。 10．—Look! The light in his room is still on. Jack ________ be in the room. —It ________ be him. He has just gone to the library. A．can; mustn’t B．must; can’t C．must; mustn’t D．can’t; must、 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】must表示推测、can表示推测、must 【详解】句意：——看！他房间的灯还亮着。杰克一定子房间里。——那不可能是他。他刚去图书馆了。 考查情态动词。can可能；must一定；mustn’t禁止；can’t不可能。根据“The light in his room is still on”，可知第一个说的应是杰克一定在房间里，要用must；根据“He has just gone to the library.”，可知第二个空说的应是不可能是他，要用can’t。故选B。 解｜题｜技｜巧（考试直接套用） 1.疑问词+不定式 作宾语，why 永远不能用不定式； 2.mustn't 表禁止，否定推测用can't，don't have to 表不必。 •must：主观必须 → mustn’t：禁止 •have to：客观不得不 → don’t have to：不必 即时检测 一、单项选择（每题2分，共10分） 1. I really don’t know ______ next. Could you give me some advice? A. what do B. what to do C. how do D. how to do it 2. — The room is too dirty. ______ we clean it right now? — Yes, it’s your duty today. A. Must B. Have to C. Mustn’t D. Don’t have to 3. You ______ smoke in the hospital. It’s against the rules. A. must B. have to C. mustn’t D. don’t have to 4. He is new here, so he doesn’t know ______ the library. A. where find B. where to find C. to where find D. find where 5. It’s not raining now, you ______ take an umbrella with you. A. must B. have to C. mustn’t D. don’t have to 1. B 考查「疑问词 + to do」结构作宾语。what to do = 该做什么；D 选项结构正确但本题已有 next，what to do next 最贴合题意。 2. A must 表示主观、主动的必须，用于疑问句征求许可；have to 侧重客观不得已。 3. C mustn’t 意为禁止、绝不可以，医院禁烟是硬性规定禁止行为。 4. B 固定结构「where + 不定式」作动词 know 的宾语，表 “去哪里找到”。 5. D don’t have to = 不必、不需要，外面不下雨，客观上没必要带伞；mustn’t 是禁止，不符合语境。 二、适当形式填空（每题2分，共10分） 1.She hasn’t decided which sweater ______ (choose) yet. 2.Please tell me how ______ (solve) this difficult problem. 3.You ______ play with fire. It’s very dangerous. (禁止) 4.I ______ get up early every day, because my home is far from school. (不得不) 5.I am not sure when ______ (leave) for Beijing. 1.to choose 疑问词 which 后接不定式 to choose，构成「疑问词 + to do」结构，在句中作宾语。 2.to solve 固定搭配 tell sb. how to do sth.，告诉某人如何做某事。 3.mustn’t mustn’t 表示绝对禁止，玩火危险，语气强硬禁止。 4.have to have to 表客观原因导致不得不，家离学校远，是客观外在因素。 5.to leave when to leave 什么时候离开，「疑问词 + 不定式」整体作 be sure 的宾语。 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．—AI can even talk to humans now. But people are wondering ________ it safely. —Scientists are creating rules to help. A．what to manage B．how to manage C．why to manage D．whom to manage 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】句意：——AI现在甚至能够与人类对话。但人们想知道如何安全地管理它。——科学家们正在制定规则以提供帮助。 考查疑问词+不定式。根据“Scientists are creating rules to help.”可知，上文是指人们想知道如何安全地管理AI，用疑问词how+不定式，作宾语。故选B。 2．—I am so into music but I don’t know ________ good songs. Any ideas? —You can try different music apps to find your favourites. A．when to choose B．what to choose C．how to choose D．which to choose 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】句意：——我特别喜欢音乐，但我不知道如何选择好歌。有什么建议吗？——你可以尝试不同的音乐应用来找到你最喜欢的。    考查疑问词+不定式结构。when to choose何时选择；what to choose选择什么；how to choose如何选择；which to choose选择哪一个。根据“You can try different music apps to find your favourites.”可知回答的是方式，空处表达的是“不知道如何选择好歌”，故选C。 3．—The AI assistant DeepSeek is really popular now. Can you show me ________? —Just type in its name in the search engine and you’ll find its website. A．which one to try B．what to learn C．when to use it D．how to visit it 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】句意：——人工智能助手DeepSeek现在真的很受欢迎。你能告诉我怎么访问它吗？——只要在搜索引擎中输入它的名字，你就会找到它的网站。 考查特殊疑问词+不定式。根据“Just type in its name in the search engine and you'll find its website.”可知，此处介绍了访问Deepseek的方式。故选D。 4．— I want to travel to the UK. Can you give me some advice, Luke?     — Why not ask DeepSeek for help? It can make a wonderful plan and tell you ________. A．how to do B．where to do C．what to do D．when to do 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】句意：——我想去英国旅行。你能给我一些建议吗，Luke？——为什么不向DeepSeek寻求帮助？它可以制定一个很棒的计划并告诉你该做什么。 考查“疑问词 + 不定式”结构的用法。根据“Can you give me some advice, Luke?”及“tell you...”可知，空处应表示旅行计划的具体行动内容，需What to do“该做什么”作宾语。故选C。 5．—The tools are ready and I have washed the fruit. But I have no idea ________ to do next. —Cut the apples into pieces, please. A．how B．which C．why D．what 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】how、what、which、why、疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】句意：——工具准备好了，水果也洗好了。但是我不知道下一步该做什么。——请把苹果切成片。 考查宾语从句的疑问词。how如何；which哪个；why为什么；what什么。根据“But I have no idea…to do next.”可知，此处说的是不知道做什么，应该用what引导。故选D。 6．We ________ draw in the library book. We should follow library rules. A．may B．must C．mustn’t D．needn’t 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】May、must、mustn't、must否定表示禁止 【详解】句意：我们不准在图书馆的书上画画。我们应该遵守图书馆的规则。 考查情态动词辨析。 may可以，可能；must必须；mustn’t不准，禁止；needn’t不必，不需要。根据“We should follow library rules”可知，此处强调“禁止”涂画书籍。故选C。 7．—What beautiful works of art! May I take photos of them? —Sorry, you ________ take photos in the museum. The flash is bad for them. A．mustn’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】mustn't、shouldn't、must否定表示禁止 【详解】句意：——这些艺术品真美！我可以拍照吗？——抱歉，你不可以在博物馆拍照。闪光灯对它们有害。 考查情态动词。mustn’t不准，禁止；couldn’t不能够；shouldn’t 不应该；needn’t不需要。根据“take photos in the museum. The flash is bad for them.”可知，博物馆里禁止拍照，故选A。 8．—Must I return the book this week?   —No, you ________. You can ________ it for 20 days. A．don’t have to; keep B．needn’t; borrow C．mustn’t; keep D．mustn’t; lend 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】must表示必须 【详解】句意：——我必须在本周还书吗？——不，你不必这样做。你可以借20天。 考查情态动词的一般疑问句。在以must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must；否定回答用need’t或者don’t have to，故排除C和D。第二空根据“it for 20 days.”可知该空是延续性动词，borrow是短暂性动词，因此排除B。故选A。 9．Nowadays many museums of Natural Science are free, so people ________ pay to enter. A．mustn’t B．don’t have to C．shouldn’t D．can’t 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】mustn't、shouldn't、动词辨析、have to 【详解】句意：如今许多自然科学博物馆是免费的，因此人们不必付费进入。 考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；don’t have to不必；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能。根据“Nowadays many museums of Natural Science are free”可知，许多自然科学博物馆是免费的，因此不必付费进入。故选B。 10．— ________ have you kept the book? — Since last month. I ________ return it to the library today or I can’t borrow one next time. A．How often; must B．How long; have to C．How soon; have to D．When; must 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】have to do (with) sth.、how long、特殊疑问句、have to 【详解】句意：——你借这本书多久啦？——自从上个月。今天我得还给图书馆，否则我下次就不能借了。 考查疑问词及情态动词。根据答语Since last month可知该用How long提问，所以选B。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 二、单词拼写 11．The purpose of the meeting is ________ (discuss) problems, share ideas and plan next steps. 【答案】to discuss 【难度】0.65 【知识点】discuss、to、动词不定式作表语 【详解】句意：会议的目的是讨论问题、交流想法和计划下一步措施。根据“The purpose of the meeting is...problems, share ideas and plan next steps.”可知，表示“目的”时，常用“the purpose is to do something”，discuss需变为不定式形式to discuss，作表语，与share ideas和plan next steps并列。故填to discuss。 12．He is so careless that he often forgets when ________ (hand) in his report. 【答案】to hand 【难度】0.65 【知识点】hand in、疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】句意：他太粗心了，经常忘记什么时候交报告。根据“he often forgets when...in his report”可知，此处应填写“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，所以设空处填写动词hand的不定式形式。故填to hand。 13．Mr Wu advised us ________ (not be) dishonest because that would make us lose friends. 【答案】not to be 【难度】0.65 【知识点】advise、动词不定式作宾语补足语 【详解】句意：吴老师建议我们不要不诚实，因为那样会使我们失去朋友。根据“that would make us lose friends”和所给单词可知，建议我们不要不诚实，advise sb not to do sth“建议某人不要做某事”。故填not to be。 14．Good ________ (communicate) between parents and children is important. 【答案】communication 【难度】0.65 【知识点】communication、名词作主宾表补定 【详解】句意：家长与孩子之间的良好沟通非常重要。communicate“沟通，交流”，动词，再结合“Good…is important”可知，空处应用其对应的名词形式作主语，指“良好的沟通”。故填communication。 15．My sister is going to stay with a ________ (France) family during her study in Paris. 【答案】French 【难度】0.65 【知识点】French、形容词作定语 【详解】句意：我妹妹打算在她巴黎学习期间待在一个法国家庭里。名词family“家庭”前需要用形容词修饰，France是名词，其对应的形容词为French，表示“法国的”。故填French。 三、短文填空 Last term, our class went on a special trip to a small mountain village. We learnt from the people there and experienced a different kind of life with 16 (excited). The old teacher there was 17 excellent guide. He knew much about the village’s history and culture. He has worked in the village school 18 he finished college. He cares a lot about all the 19 (villager) children and tries his best to teach them well. So far, his hard work 20 (lead) the kids to become more confident and hopeful about the future. We also joined some 21 (education) activities, such as reading groups and nature classes. Most of us 22 (prefer) the outdoor lessons, as they let us see the world in new ways. These activities helped open our eyes to different lives. We walked across green hills and clean rivers, enjoying the beauty of nature. Some students visited the village school 23 (two) during our stay. They loved reading together and wanted 24 (book) more activities for the next visit. By the end of the trip, we all learned that true learning is not only from textbooks but also from real life. The trip 25 this village brought us joy and clear thinking, and we will keep it in our minds for a long time. 【答案】 16．excitement 17．an 18．since 19．villagers’ 20．has led 21．educational 22．preferred 23．twice 24．to book 25．to 【难度】0.4 【知识点】哲理感悟、文体活动、记叙文 【导语】本文讲述了作者班级上学期前往一个小山村的特别旅行经历，他们在那里向当地老师学习、参与教育活动、体验自然之美，并领悟到真正的学习不仅来自课本，也源于真实生活。 16．句意：我们向那里的人们学习，并兴奋地体验了一种不同的生活。介词with后需接名词作宾语，excited的名词形式为excitement，意为“兴奋”，with excitement“兴奋地”，是固定短语。 17．句意：那里的老教师是一位出色的向导。guide为可数名词单数，此处首次提及表泛指，且excellent以元音音素开头，故填an。 18．句意：他自从大学毕业后就一直在这所乡村学校工作。“since + 一般过去时从句”是现在完成时的标志，表示“自从……以来”。 19．句意：他非常关心所有村民的孩子，并尽力把他们教好。此处表示“村民们的孩子”，修饰名词children需用名词所有格，应用villager的复数形式villagers表示很多村民，其所有格为villagers’。 20．句意：到目前为止，他的辛勤工作已使孩子们对未来变得更加自信和充满希望。标志词“So far” (到目前为止) 提示用现在完成时，主语his hard work为第三人称单数，故助动词用has，lead的过去分词为led。 21．句意：我们还参加了一些教育活动，比如阅读小组和自然课。修饰名词activities需用形容词作定语，education的形容词形式为educational，意为“教育的”。 22．句意：我们大多数人更喜欢户外课程，因为它们让我们以新的方式看待世界。描述过去的情况用一般过去时，prefer的过去式为preferred。 23．句意：一些学生在逗留期间两次参观了乡村学校。表示“两次”用副词twice。 24．句意：他们喜欢一起阅读，并想为下次访问计划更多活动。book在此作动词，意为“预定”，“want to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”。 25．句意：去这个村庄的旅行给我们带来了快乐和清晰的思考。表示“去……的旅行”用介词to。 四、完形填空 Louis was a little child. He always stayed at home watching TV. One day, he went hiking with his classmates in a forest. He got 26 and saw a dwarf (侏儒). The dwarf didn’t notice a huge stone was rolling towards him. Louis saved the dwarf. The dwarf thanked Louis so much that he took Louis to a well. “This is a 27 well,” said the dwarf. “Wonderful gifts often come out of it, and you can enjoy them.” They waited for a moment and a cool bike came out of the well. Louis was very 28 . He spent a long time looking at the bike. Finally, he got on it to have a try. However, the bike disappeared (消失) soon. Then, a beautiful jacket came out of the well. 29 , Louis spent a long time looking at it. And just 30 he put it on, the jacket disappeared. This happened several times. At first Louis was 31 , but he soon tried his best to enjoy these gifts. When he sat down and had a rest, the dwarf explained (解释) that the well had always 32 this way. It was like life. There were many good things in life, but they didn’t last (持续) for a long time. Hearing his words, Louis 33 his problem. He spent all his time watching TV and didn’t enjoy the good things in life. Since then, Louis learned to see 34 as a gift, and tried to enjoy it. He didn’t feel 35 any more. 26．A．hurt B．lost C．gone D．missed 27．A．magic B．usual C．special D．trick 28．A．unhappy B．interested C．wonderful D．excited 29．A．And B．Then C．Again D．Finally 30．A．before B．since C．until D．because 31．A．happy B．surprised C．great D．angry 32．A．worked B．played C．did D．went 33．A．understood B．realized C．found D．felt 34．A．something B．anyone C．everything D．nothing 35．A．angry B．glad C．sad D．bored 【答案】 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．D 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】寓言童话、其他人 【导语】本文主要讲述了Louis和他的同学们去森林远足的故事，他救了一个侏儒人，侏儒人带他到了一口井中，能实现自己的愿望，但是很快就消失了，从此他明白了一个道理，要设法对一切事物感兴趣。 26．句意：他迷路了看见一个侏儒人。 hurt伤害；lost失去；gone去；missed错过。根据“he went hiking with his classmates in a forest.”可知，在森林里应该是迷路，get lost“迷路”。故选B。 27． 句意：这是一口有魔力的井。 magic魔力的；usual通常的；special特殊的；trick欺骗的。根据侏儒的描述“Wonderful gifts often come out of it, and you can enjoy them”可知，这口井是有魔力的。故选A。 28．句意：Louis非常激动。 unhappy高兴的；interested有趣的；wonderful精彩的；excited激动的。根据“They waited for a moment and a cool bike came out of the well.”可知，Louis看到很酷的自行车应该是激动的，故选D。 29．句意：Louis又花了很长时间看它。 And和；Then然后；Again又，再；Finally最后。根据上文“He spent a long time looking at the bike.”可知，这里是又花了很长时间看夹克。故选C。 30．句意：就在他穿之前，夹克不见了。 before在……之前；since自从；until直到；because因为。根据“he put it on, the jacket disappeared.”可知，是在穿上夹克之前，夹克消失了。故选A。 31．句意：起初，Louis是生气的，但他很快就尽力去享受这些礼物。 happy高兴的；surprised吃惊的；great伟大的；angry生气的。根据“but”可知，前后句是转折关系，结合“but he soon tried his best to enjoy these gifts”可知，刚开始Louis是生气的。故选D。 32．句意：当他坐下来休息时，小侏儒解释说，井一直是这样工作的。 worked工作；played玩；did做；went去。根据“the well had always...this way.”可知，井是一直按照这种方式工作的。故选A。 33．句意：听了他的话，Louis意识到了自己的问题。 understood理解；realized意识到；found找到；felt感到。根据“Louis...his problem”可知，是Louis意识到自己的问题。故选B。 34．句意：从那时起，Louis学会了把一切都看作是礼物，并试图享受它。 something某些东西；anyone任何人；everything一切东西；nothing没什么。根据“He spent all his time watching TV and didn’t enjoy the good things in life.”可知，Louis明白他不能把所有的时间都花在看电视上，应该享受生活中的美好事物，所以他是把一切都看作是礼物。故选C。 35．句意：他不再感到无聊。 angry生气的；glad高兴的；sad悲伤的；bored无聊的。根据“Louis learned to see,,,as a gift, and tried to enjoy it.”可知，Louis试图享受一切，所以他不再感到无聊。故选D。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 五、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。 Are you looking for good books to read? You’re in the right place. Here 36 . I believe that the books are changing our lives. But first, I want you to think about reading in a different context(语境). You can not just read for fun. Instead, think of reading as a tool for solving problems, a tool you can use to get valuable knowledge from experts all over the world. How many times have you found you have no idea how to solve a problem? Whether 37 or how to become a better acting of yourself, you just can’t seem to come up with this? Well, 38 and the answer is very easy to get. You can find the answers to most things by reading a book. In my Better Habits Guide, one of the ten daily habits I suggest is reading, In Fear of Failure. I note that 39 in the effort to learn from the tests and mistakes of others. All in all, reading is good. Although I said a lot, I still believe 40 than others. These good books are the ones that have had a wonderful influence on my journey to be a better person. A．some books are more powerful B．I’ve put together a list of good books to read C．it’s how to deal with a situation at work D．that’s a great question to ask yourself E．reading books is a powerful tool F．you’d better carry a book with you 【答案】36．B 37．C 38．D 39．E 40．A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】阅读、议论文 【导语】本文围绕 “读书的价值” 展开，开篇推荐优质书单，接着探讨读书作为解决问题工具的作用，最后强调优质书籍对个人成长的深远影响。 36．前文提到“Are you looking for good books to read? You’re in the right place.”，B项“I’ve put together a list of good books to read”直接承接“找好书”的话题，引出下文对读书价值的论述，逻辑通顺。 37．前文用“Whether...or...”结构列举生活中的问题，后文提到“how to become a better acting of yourself”，C项“it’s how to deal with a situation at work” 是具体的职场问题场景，与后文并列，符合“Whether...or...”的并列结构要求。 38．前文提出 “遇到问题不知如何解决” 的疑问，D项“that’s a great question to ask yourself”是对前文提出的问题进行回应和肯定，起到承上启下的作用，随后引出后文的解决方案，逻辑连贯。 39．前文提到“In my Better Habits Guide, one of the ten daily habits I suggest is reading. In Fear of Failure? I note that”，后文提到“in the effort to learn from the tests and mistakes of others”，E项“reading books is a powerful tool”点明读书是强大的工具，解释了读书能帮助从他人经验中学习的原因，契合上下文逻辑。 40．后文出现“than others” 的比较级提示，A项“some books are more powerful”包含比较级“more powerful”，与后文“than others” 直接对应，同时引出下文“These good books are the ones that have had a wonderful influence on my journey to be a better person.”，逻辑连贯。 六、完成句子 41．you these decided with what have to do books ___________________________? 【答案】Have you decided what to do with these books/What have you decided to do with these books 【难度】0.65 【知识点】these、what、you、do with、特殊疑问句、疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】根据所给标点，可知该句为疑问句。分析所给单词可知，可为助动词Have开头的一般疑问句，也可为What引导的特殊疑问句。助动词Have开头的一般疑问句结构为Have+主语+动词过去分词+其他，you作主语，decided是动词过去分词，what to do with these books作宾语；What引导的特殊疑问句结构为特殊疑问词What+一般疑问句，you作主语，decided是动词过去分词，to do 作宾语。故答案为Have you decided what to do with these books“你决定要怎么处理这些书吗”/What have you decided to do with these books“你决定用这些书去做什么”。 42．would showing mind me how you to start          ___________________________? 【答案】Would you mind showing me how to start 【难度】0.65 【知识点】me、show(showed shown;或showed showed)、start、一般疑问句、疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】根据所给单词及标点可知，本句为一般疑问句，考查Would you mind doing sth.这一句型，表示“你介意做某事吗？”；show sb. sth.“给某人展示某物”，此处应用me作show的宾语；how to start“如何开始”。故填Would you mind showing me how to start“你介意教我怎么开始吗”。 43．meet together, often, We, what to read, discuss, and ____________________________________________________________. 【答案】We often meet together and discuss what to read 【难度】0.65 【知识点】名词作主宾表补定、表示经常性动作/状态、疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】根据所给提示可知，该句是陈述句，时态为一般现在时。We作主语，置于句首；often为频度副词，位于实义动词前；meet作动词，位于often之后；meet together聚在一起；and并列连词；discuss讨论；what to read属于“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，位于discuss之后。故填We often meet together and discuss what to read“我们经常聚在一起讨论读什么”。 44．Gulliver, how, know, didn’t, to, away, get ___________________________________. 【答案】Gulliver didn’t know how to get away 【难度】0.65 【知识点】know、get away、否定句、疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】根据所给标点符号可知，本句是陈述句。Gulliver作主语；didn’t know是谓语部分；how to get away是“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语结构。故填Gulliver didn’t know how to get away“格列佛不知道如何脱身”。 45．you  mind  showing  would  me  to  online  how  book tickets ____________________________________? 【答案】Would you mind showing me how to book tickets online 【难度】0.65 【知识点】me、online、show(showed shown;或showed showed)、动词短语、动名词作宾语、一般疑问句、疑问词+动词不定式 【详解】根据标点符号可知是一般疑问句，考查句型：Would you mind doing sth.你介意做某事吗，show sb sth给某人展示某物，此处用me作show的宾语，how to book tickets如何订票，online在线上。故填Would you mind showing me how to book tickets online“你介意教我如何在线订票吗”。 七、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（每题答案不超过10个单词） Many schools today are using online classes as a useful and popular way to teach students. It is convenient and easy for both teachers and students. But to learn well online, students need to use the right ways. Here are some simple and useful tips to make the most of online learning. First, find a quiet and tidy place to study. Such a space can help you keep your attention and not get distracted by TV, games or talks around you. Second, get everything ready before class starts. You should check your computer, notebooks and pens carefully. It is also important to make sure your Internet works well so that your class will not stop suddenly. Third, listen to your teachers carefully and take useful notes in class. Just like in real classrooms, taking notes helps you think and remember key points better. Fourth, don’t be shy to ask for help when you have problems. You can send your teacher a message or talk about it after class. Online learning is not as hard as you think. If you can follow these small good habits, you will make great progress and enjoy your online classes a lot. 46．What do many schools use to teach students? 47．What kind of place helps students stay focused? 48．What should students make sure works well before class? 49．What helps students remember key points better? 50．How can students ask for help if they have problems? 【答案】46．Online classes. 47．A quiet and tidy place. 48．Their Internet. 49．Taking notes. 50．Send teachers messages or talk after class. 【难度】0.69 【知识点】学习策略、说明文、意见/建议 【导语】本文主要介绍了线上学习的优势，并提出了四个实用建议：选择安静整洁的学习环境、课前做好准备、认真听讲记笔记、遇到问题主动求助，帮助学生提高线上学习效果。 46．第一段第一句直接点明了学校采用的教学方式：“Many schools today are using online classes as a useful and popular way to teach students.”，因此答案是原文直接信息。 47．第二段第一句和第二句明确说明了有助于保持专注的学习环境：“Find a quiet and tidy place to study. Such a space can help you keep your attention...”，答案是原文直接信息。 48．第二段最后一句明确指出了课前需要确保正常工作的事项：“It is also important to make sure your Internet works well...”，答案是原文直接信息。 49．第三段第二句明确说明了帮助记忆关键点的做法：“...taking notes helps you think and remember key points better.”，答案是原文直接信息。 50．第三段最后一句明确说明了遇到问题时求助的方式：“You can send your teacher a message or talk about it after class.”，答案是原文直接信息。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $