精品解析：陕西渭南市2026届高三教学质量检测（Ⅱ）英语试题

渭南市2026届高三教学质量检测（II） 英语试题 考生注意： 1．本试卷由选择题和非选择题两大部分组成，共12页。选择题包括第一、第二和第三部分第一节；非选择题为第三部分第二节和第四部分。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 2．考生领到试卷后，须按规定在试卷上填写姓名、准考证号，并在答题卡上填涂对应的信息点。 3．所有答案必须在答题卡指定区域内作答。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What is the woman short of now? A. Milk. B. Flour. C. Eggs. 2. How much money does the man need? A. 30 yuan. B. 50 yuan. C. 150 yuan. 3. What is the relationship between Mark and Amber? A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister. C. Good friends. 4. How does the woman sound? A. Interested. B. Optimistic. C. Disappointed. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A judge. B. Classical music. C. An idiom. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Smoke less. B. Stop making excuses. C. Throw away the bargains. 7. What is the woman’s attitude towards the man’s words at last? A. Supportive. B. Ambiguous. C. Disapproving. 听第7段录音，回答第8、9题。 8. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In the photo studio. B. In the gym. C. In the park. 9. What will the man do next? A. Shoot unnoticed. B. Take a rest. C. Play with the kids. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10. What was the girl’s first reaction when her grandfather was in danger? A. Calling 911 for help. B. Diving into the water. C. Turning to her grandmother. 11. What kind of transport does the man definitely refuse to take? A. The ship. B. The train. C. The plane. 12. Why did the woman fly abroad five years ago? A. For a business trip. B. For a wedding. C. For medical attention. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13. What department is Dorothy most probably in? A. The sales department. B. The production department. C. The human resource department. 14. Which of the following doesn’t the company provide for free? A. The coffee. B. The working lunch. C. The snacks. 15. How long can Max take a lunch break? A. One hour. B. One hour and a half. C. Two hours. 16. What do we know about Mr. Chase? A. He’s helpful. B. He’s bad-tempered. C. He’s strict with himself. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What is essential for doing hot yoga? A. A heated room. B. A sauna suit. C. The mastery of traditional yoga. 18. What is the second potential benefit of hot yoga mentioned by the speaker? A. Promoting psychological health. B. Improving lower body strength. C. Increasing physical flexibility. 19. Who does the speaker advise against doing hot yoga? A. People who have high levels of blood sugar. B. People who are just starting to exercise. C. People who are expecting. 20. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To introduce a yoga center. B. To advertise a class. C. To popularize a sport. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Weather and Climate in Your Neighborhood Objective: To investigate patterns and variations in local weather and climate by comparing historical weather data for your city. Time required: ≤1 day Material availability: Readily available Cost: Under $20 Resources ·A free online database will be used to search for historical weather data. This site (www.wunderground.com) provides access to almost any type of weather data, including radar and satellite images, astronomical data, storm warnings, and more. ·Check out books from your local library to learn more about weather and climate. Materials and equipment ·Computer with Internet access ·Pencil and paper Procedures ·First, decide which historical dates to use. The database contains monthly averages for many localities dating back to the early 1900s. The range of dates available for selection will depend on how far back the data extends for your specific city. Choose a series of months and years. ·Decide how you will organize and record your data in a table. ·Go to www.wunderground.com and search for your city. On the city’s weather page, locate and click the “History” button to access the historical data lookup tool. You can look up minimum, maximum and average temperatures for a day, week or month in a specific year. ·Look up and record the corresponding average temperature for each of your chosen months and years on your data sheet. ·Create a summary graph of the monthly temperatures over a one-year cycle by superimposing (叠加) the data for different years to determine whether the average temperature in your area has increased or decreased over the years and whether it fluctuates (起伏不定) or remains constant, and to identify any recurring patterns. 1. How can the historical weather data be found? A. By searching a free website. B. By consulting a school teacher. C. By checking out books from a library. D. By writing to the national weather service. 2. Why is a summary graph created? A. To predict future temperature trends. B. To identify long-term temperature trends. C. To compare weather data from different cities. D. To record the corresponding average temperature. 3. What is the text? A. A news article about climate change. B. A report about a science project. C. An advertisement for a weather website. D. A set of instructions for an experiment. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一个名为“社区天气与气候” 的科学探究活动，包括活动目标、所需资源、材料以及具体操作步骤，指导学生通过查询历史天气数据分析当地气温变化规律。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文Resources部分“A free online database will be used to search for historical weather data. This site (www.wunderground.com) provides access to almost any type of weather data, including radar and satellite images, astronomical data, storm warnings, and more. (将使用一个免费的在线数据库来查询历史天气数据。www.wunderground.com网站提供几乎所有类型的天气数据，包括雷达和卫星图像、天文数据、风暴预警等。)” 可知，历史天气数据可以通过搜索一个免费网站获取，故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文Procedures最后一段“Create a summary graph of the monthly temperatures over a one-year cycle by superimposing the data for different years to determine whether the average temperature in your area has increased or decreased over the years and whether it fluctuates or remains constant, and to identify any recurring patterns. (通过叠加不同年份的数据制作一年周期内月均温的总结图表，以判断你所在地区的平均气温多年来是上升还是下降、是波动还是稳定，并找出重复出现的规律。)” 可知，制作总结图表是为了确定长期的气温变化趋势，故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文结构中的Objective(目标)、Materials and equipment(材料与设备)、Procedures(步骤；流程) 等板块可知，本文是一套实验操作说明，故选D。 B About 15 years ago, a humble idea for a historical fiction series erupted into a worldwide literary phenomenon, now known as the I Survived series. Every novel transports readers into the middle of true, real-life catastrophes. Whether it is a shocking weather event or a widespread plague (瘟疫), each story illustrates how a kid rises to the occasion. In 2010, Lauren Tarshis released her first book. She never could have imagined that over the next 15 years, the series would become a bestseller, printing over 20 million copies to date. Tarshis has published 25 novels in the series and her newest release came out last October. Tarshis visited the Blue Willow Bookshop’s Tweens Read Book Festival at Dobie High School in Houston and spoke about her recent novel, in which a boy named Ray fights the dangers of the Dust Bowl in the Panhandle of Texas. “A lot of kids have suggested this topic and asked for a story about the Great Depression. So this is sort of two books in one. My research for the new novel was exciting because I visited places I had never been to. It’s been a great experience,” she said. The idea for the series originated in her family. Tarshis, a mother of four, noticed her son Dylan was having a hard time finding books he enjoyed. “Dylan said to me, ‘I want to read a book about a cool topic with a main character that’s a kid like me.’ That was really a big inspiration. I saw that when there was a topic featuring a real kid at its heart, those were the stories that kids really liked to read,” she said. Although each book in the series may be a page-turner, the messages and themes are long-lasting and impactful. “I want kids to learn about the world and places they didn’t know about but now feel connected to. I want them to see that people go through really hard things, and it’s not just about surviving. It’s about healing, finding help, and being patient about recovering from something scary.” 4. What is a key feature of the I Survived series? A. Each story is set during the 20th century. B. Each story is about a child in a real disaster. C. Each story pictures a child’s real school life. D. Each story presents historical events in detail. 5. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 and paragraph 4 about Tarshis’s writing? A. It avoids hardship and emotional depths. B. It centers on entertainment over education. C. It’s mainly based on personal experiences. D. It’s reader-focused with meaningful themes. 6. What does the underlined word “page-turner” mean? A. A book that is hard to read. B. A book that tells true stories. C. A book that keeps readers engaged. D. A book that changes readers’ habits. 7. What message is mainly conveyed through Tarshis’s novels? A. History is full of unexpected events. B. Survival depends on luck and external help. C. Reading is the best way to understand the past. D. True courage involves enduring and overcoming hardship. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了《我幸存了》系列历史小说的创作背景、作者Lauren Tarshis以及该系列如何通过以孩子为主角、重现真实灾难事件，来吸引读者并传递关于“生存与治愈”的深层主题。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第一段“Every novel transports readers into the middle of true, real-life catastrophes. Whether it is a shocking weather event or a widespread plague, each story illustrates how a kid rises to the occasion. (每一本小说都将读者带入真实的生活灾难之中。无论是令人震惊的天气事件还是大范围的瘟疫，每个故事都展示了一个孩子是如何奋起应对的。)” 可知，该系列的核心特征是每个故事都关于处于真实灾难中的孩子，故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第三段““A lot of kids have suggested this topic and asked for a story about the Great Depression. So this is sort of two books in one. My research for the new novel was exciting because I visited places I had never been to. It’s been a great experience,” she said.(她说：“很多孩子都提议过这个主题，还希望我写一个关于大萧条的故事。所以这本书有点像两本书合二为一。我为这部新小说做的研究很令人兴奋，因为我去了很多从未去过的地方。这是一段很棒的经历。”)”以及第四段“I saw that when there was a topic featuring a real kid at its heart, those were the stories that kids really liked to read (我发现，当一个故事的核心是关于一个真实的孩子时，那些是孩子们真的喜欢读的故事)” 可知，Tarshis的创作以读者需求为中心，且主题具有深刻意义，故选D。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据原文第五段“Although each book in the series may be a page-turner, the messages and themes are long-lasting and impactful. (虽然该系列的每本书都可能是一本page-turner，但它们传达的信息和主题却持久而有影响力。)”可知，前后构成转折让步关系，说明这本书不只是“好看过瘾”而已，它还有更深刻、更长久的价值。 可知，“page-turner”指的是能让读者爱不释手、保持阅读兴趣的书，即让读者投入的书，故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第五段““I want kids to learn about the world and places they didn’t know about but now feel connected to. I want them to see that people go through really hard things, and it’s not just about surviving. It’s about healing, finding help, and being patient about recovering from something scary.” (“我希望孩子们去了解这个世界，了解那些他们从前并不知晓、如今却感到心生联结的地方。我希望他们明白，人们会经历非常艰难的时刻，而这不仅仅是活下去那么简单。更重要的是疗愈、寻求帮助，以及耐心地从可怕的经历中慢慢恢复。”)” 可知，Tarshis的小说主要传达的信息是真正的勇气在于承受并战胜苦难。故选D。 C The world’s appetite for seafood is growing, and the industry is racing to keep up. As a result, mariculture — farming seafood in the ocean — is expanding rapidly. A new study, published in the journal Nature Ecology & Evolution, suggests that mariculture could be expanded to feed more people while reducing harm to marine biodiversity. The study was led by Deqiang Ma, a scholar at the University of Michigan. “We can achieve this sustainable mariculture development with strategic planning,” said Ma. Ma and an international team of researchers developed a model to analyze what mariculture growth could bring to over 20,000 marine species. The team’s model created a baseline for mariculture’s current impact and simulated how it could change by 2050 under different scenarios. The researchers also factored in two climate change models, which assumed varying levels of warming and greenhouse gas emissions. In the best-case situation, seafood production could increase by 2.36-fold compared to current production, while the global mariculture impact would decrease by up to 30.5%. However, the worst-case scenario painted a completely different picture. If new farms were built in the most ecologically sensitive areas, the damage to marine biodiversity could be more than four times worse than the damage that would happen if farms were placed randomly. “Our study shows it’s essential to use the growing insights across disciplines, whether it’s climate change science or economics or marine production,” said senior study author Neil Carter, an associate professor at the University of Michigan. “All these different parts have to come together from other sources to make these forecasts.” One key takeaway is that there’s no universal solution. What works in the South Pacific may not be ideal for coastal Europe. Additionally, in all scenarios examined, mariculture expansion could negatively impact some marine mammals like whales, seals, and sea lions. Understanding these trade-offs is essential for policymakers who must balance food security with conservation goals. 8. What is the purpose of the new study? A. To develop technologies for modern mariculture. B. To reduce seafood prices by developing mariculture. C. To balance seafood demand with marine conservation. D. To promote mariculture as an alternative to marine fishing. 9. What mainly determines mariculture’s impact according to the study? A. The location of the farming. B. The speed of climate change. C. The type of seafood being farmed. D. The size of the global seafood market. 10. What does Carter emphasize in paragraph 5? A. Reducing seafood demand worldwide. B. Using knowledge from multiple fields. C. Expanding mariculture into all oceans. D. Prioritizing the protection of marine animals. 11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Climate change plays a vital role in mariculture. B. Seafood farming can sometimes benefit biodiversity. C. Mariculture’s impacts can be eliminated with technology. D. There isn’t a single global way to expand seafood farming. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项发表在学术期刊上的新研究，该研究通过模型分析海水养殖的扩张方案，探讨如何在满足全球海鲜需求增长的同时，减少对海洋生物多样性的伤害，并指出海水养殖需因地制宜、综合多学科知识进行科学规划。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第一段“A new study, published in the journal Nature Ecology & Evolution, suggests that mariculture could be expanded to feed more people while reducing harm to marine biodiversity. (一项发表在《自然・生态与进化》期刊上的新研究表明，可以扩大海水养殖规模以养活更多人口，同时减少对海洋生物多样性的危害。)” 可知，这项研究的目的是平衡海鲜需求与海洋保护，故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第四段“If new farms were built in the most ecologically sensitive areas, the damage to marine biodiversity could be more than four times worse than the damage that would happen if farms were placed randomly. (如果新养殖场建在生态最敏感的地区，对海洋生物多样性的破坏可能会比随意选址养殖场的破坏严重四倍以上。)” 可知，养殖场的选址是决定海水养殖影响大小的主要因素，故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第五段““Our study shows it’s essential to use the growing insights across disciplines, whether it’s climate change science or economics or marine production,” said senior study author Neil Carter, an associate professor at the University of Michigan. (该研究的资深作者、密歇根大学副教授Neil Carter表示：“我们的研究表明，充分利用跨学科领域不断积累的深刻见解至关重要，无论是气候变化科学、经济学，还是海洋生产研究。”)” 可知，Carter强调的是运用多个领域的知识，故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文最后一段“One key takeaway is that there’s no universal solution.(一个关键结论是，没有放之四海而皆准的解决方案。)” 可知，并不存在一种全球通用的海水养殖扩张方式，故选D。 D Character traits lead us to think, feel, and act in certain ways. When seeing children or animals suffering, a cold-hearted person might think they deserve what they’re getting and neglect their situation day after day. A compassionate person, however, might feel motivated to take action and provide support. Some character traits have to do with being a morally good or bad person, while others do not. Clearly, honesty contributes to being a good person, while creativity could be used in either a good or bad way. The morally relevant traits come in two varieties — the moral virtues like honesty and the moral vices like dishonesty. The moral virtues are positive qualities we should develop. However, being a virtuous person is more complicated than it seems. For example, consider Samantha, who holds a high-level position at work. As she was leaving the office last night, she had a chance to take home some office supplies for personal use, but she did not. Is that enough for us to conclude she’s honest? The answer is no, for we don’t know whether she takes home supplies on other nights. So let’s change the example. Suppose she never takes home any office supplies, and does that do the trick? The answer is again no, for we don’t know whether she’s dishonest in other areas of her work life. She might misreport the company’s taxes to the government. Now suppose that Samantha never steals supplies from the company, never falsifies (篡改) the company’s tax reporting, and consistently avoids such misconduct. How does that sound? It’s still not good enough. A virtue like honesty should extend to all areas of one’s life — home, work, school, and all the rest. Anyhow, being a good person is never simple. The truth, however, is that character is malleable. Through everyday choices, we can gradually shape who we are. Each step toward honesty, kindness, and courage matters. Every time we choose integrity over deceit, compassion over indifference, and generosity over selfishness, we refine our character. It is this ongoing pursuit that gives depth and meaning to a life. 12. What does the contrast in paragraph 1 show? A. Inborn traits define our capacity for virtues. B. Personality shapes how one responds to situations. C. Most people tend to offer support to those in need. D. Moral judgment influences our reactions to suffering. 13. Why does the author give several versions of Samantha’s story? A. To prove small actions determine honesty. B. To explain virtues require broad consistency. C. To show virtues bring professional reputation. D. To reveal virtues affect one’s decision-making. 14. What is the author’s attitude towards developing character? A. Skeptical. B. Unconcerned. C. Hopeful. D. Cautious. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. How to Develop Moral Virtues B. Samantha: A Model of Honesty? C. Character Traits: Born or Made? D. The Complexity of Being Virtuous 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要介绍了性格特质会影响人的思考与行为方式，拥有道德美德并非简单的单一行为，而是需要在生活各方面保持一致，同时指出性格是可以塑造的，通过日常选择能不断完善自身品德。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第一段“Character traits lead us to think, feel, and act in certain ways. (性格特质会引导我们以特定的方式思考、感受和行动。)”及“When seeing children or animals suffering, a cold-hearted person might think they deserve what they’re getting and neglect their situation day after day. A compassionate person, however, might feel motivated to take action and provide support. (看到孩子或动物受苦时，冷酷无情的人可能会觉得他们罪有应得，日复一日地对他们的处境视而不见。而富有同情心的人，则可能会心生触动、主动采取行动，为他们提供帮助与支持。)” 可知，第一段中的对比表明性格会塑造一个人对不同情况的反应方式，故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第三段“For example, consider Samantha, who holds a high-level position at work. As she was leaving the office last night, she had a chance to take home some office supplies for personal use, but she did not. Is that enough for us to conclude she’s honest? The answer is no, for we don’t know whether she takes home supplies on other nights.(例如，以在公司担任高层职位的Samantha为例。昨晚她下班时，本有机会把一些办公用品带回家私用，但她没有这么做。这是否足以让我们断定她为人诚实？答案是否定的，因为我们不知道她在其他晚上是否会把办公用品带回家。)”及第四段“Suppose she never takes home any office supplies, and does that do the trick? The answer is again no, for we don’t know whether she’s dishonest in other areas of her work life. She might misreport the company’s taxes to the government.(假设她从不把任何办公用品带回家，这就足以说明问题了吗？答案依然是否定的，因为我们不知道她在工作的其他方面是否不诚实。她可能会向政府虚报公司税务。)”和第五段“A virtue like honesty should extend to all areas of one’s life — home, work, school, and all the rest. (像诚实这样的美德应该延伸到一个人生活的方方面面 —— 家庭、工作、学校以及其他所有方面。)” 可知，作者讲述Samantha的几个故事版本是为了说明美德需要广泛的一致性，故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文最后一段“Through everyday choices, we can gradually shape who we are. Each step toward honesty, kindness, and courage matters. (通过日常的选择，我们可以逐渐塑造自己。迈向诚实、善良和勇敢的每一步都很重要。)” 可知，作者对于性格培养的态度是充满希望的，故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据原文第三段“However, being a virtuous person is more complicated than it seems.(然而，成为一个有美德的人比看起来要复杂得多。)” 以及第五段“A virtue like honesty should extend to all areas of one’s life — home, work, school, and all the rest. (像诚实这样的美德应该延伸到一个人生活的方方面面 —— 家庭、工作、学校以及其他所有方面。)” 及最后一段“Anyhow, being a good person is never simple. (总之，做一个好人从来都不是一件容易的事。)”并结合全文内容可知，文章主要论述了拥有道德美德并非简单的单一行为，即拥有美德的复杂性。因此D项“拥有美德的复杂性”能概括本文主要内容，适合作标题。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Between soccer practices, music lessons and school projects, many families find themselves questioning whether there’s time or even a need for their children to do chores at home. But according to Elizabeth Harris, a child and adolescent psychologist, asking kids to pitch in around the house can have powerful lifelong benefits. Chores are not just about keeping a house clean. ____16____ One thing that often surprises parents is how chores build empathy. When kids understand what it takes to maintain a home, they become more aware of and grateful for what others do for them. That kind of perspective can be a game-changer in emotional development. ____17____ During the school year, kids thrive on routine. But during vacations, that structure often disappears. Adding a few regular responsibilities, especially ones the child helps choose, can provide much-needed rhythm and stability. Assigning regular household duties can also enhance children’s cognitive development. ____18____ They develop stronger working memory, better emotional regulation and more mental flexibility. These are foundational skills not just for success in school, but in life. So when should a kid start? As early as preschool. Younger children love to feel capable. Simple tasks like cleaning up toys or wiping and setting the table foster autonomy. ____19____ They include maintaining their room, helping cook meals and managing pet care. Harris encourages parents to frame these not as punishments, but as opportunities to grow. ____20____ But when there’s room, lean into those opportunities. Kids don’t need to do everything, but they should do something. Giving children and teens consistent, age-appropriate chores is one of the simplest and most effective ways to help them grow into responsible, capable adults. A. The benefits go even deeper. B. Chores also reinforce structure. C. When life gets busy, it’s okay to pull back. D. These are skills that serve them well, far into adulthood. E. Kids who have chores are typically better self-managers. F. For older children and teens, tasks can become more complex. G. Children who have age-appropriate chores develop stronger relationships. 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了让孩子做家务的多种好处，并给出了不同年龄段孩子的家务建议。 【16题详解】 由上文“Chores are not just about keeping a house clean.(做家务不仅仅是保持房子干净。)”以及下文“One thing that often surprises parents is how chores build empathy.(一件常让父母惊讶的事是家务如何培养同理心。)”可知，本空要表达家务带来的更深远的益处。A选项“The benefits go even deeper.(好处还不止这些。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“benefits”与下文的“build empathy”及“emotional development”相呼应。故选A。 【17题详解】 由下文“During the school year, kids thrive on routine. But during vacations, that structure often disappears. Adding a few regular responsibilities, especially ones the child helps choose, can provide much-needed rhythm and stability.(在学年期间，孩子们在规律中茁壮成长。但在假期里，这种结构往往会消失。增加一些常规的责任，尤其是孩子自己选择的，能提供急需的节奏和稳定性。)”可知，本段主要讲述了家务能帮助孩子建立规律与秩序。B选项“Chores also reinforce structure.(家务也能强化秩序感。)”能概括本段内容，符合题意，该选项中的“structure”与下文的“routine”及“rhythm and stability”相呼应。故选B。 【18题详解】 由上文“Assigning regular household duties can also enhance children’s cognitive development.(分配常规家务也能促进儿童的认知发展。)”以及下文“They develop stronger working memory, better emotional regulation and more mental flexibility.(他们会发展出更强的工作记忆、更好的情绪调节能力和更强的思维灵活性。)”可知，本空要说明做家务对孩子能力的积极影响。E选项“Kids who have chores are typically better self-managers.(做家务的孩子通常更擅长自我管理。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“better self-managers”与下文的“stronger working memory, better emotional regulation and more mental flexibility”相呼应。故选E。 【19题详解】 由上文“Younger children love to feel capable. Simple tasks like cleaning up toys or wiping and setting the table foster autonomy.(年幼的孩子喜欢有能力的感觉。像整理玩具、擦桌子和摆餐具这样的简单任务能培养自主性。)”以及下文“They include maintaining their room, helping cook meals and managing pet care.(它们包括整理自己的房间、帮忙做饭和照顾宠物。)”可知，本空要引出年龄稍大的孩子可做的更复杂的家务。F选项“For older children and teens, tasks can become more complex.(对于年龄较大的孩子和青少年，任务可以变得更复杂。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“older children and teens”与上文的“Younger children”形成对比，“more complex”与下文“stronger working memory, better emotional regulation and more mental flexibility”相呼应。故选F。 【20题详解】 由下文“But when there’s room, lean into those opportunities.(但当有时间的时候，要抓住这些机会。)”可知，本空要表达生活忙碌时可以适当减少家务的内容。C选项“When life gets busy, it’s okay to pull back.(当生活忙碌时，减少一些家务也没关系。)”能承接下文，符合题意，该选项中的“When life gets busy”与下文的“when there’s room”形成转折关系，“pull back”与下文的“lean into those opportunities”相呼应。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Not many 17-year-old girls know how to solder (焊) two steel pipes together or fix a broken water heater. These are the ____21____ I’ve learned over the past three years as an assistant to my dad in his one-man plumbing (管道) business. My summer job demands an attitude of perseverance, which I frequently ____22____ to adopt. Nevertheless, I persist. Each morning, I wrestle myself into a pair of used men’s jeans that most of my peers would be ____23____ to be seen wearing in public. And then I climb into my father’s plumber truck. Generally, we work in damp basements where I get ____24____ in mazes of storage boxes looking for the water meter. I ____25____ jump over messy piles of things. My mouth and nose are covered by a dust mask, and my hands are ____26____. To be honest, plumbing is challenging for me, and I dislike it. Sometimes I question why I ____27____ the dust when I could find a normal job that more closely ____28____ the work of my peers. Yet, I ____29____ myself for being so easily annoyed. After all, the world is built by people willing to get their hands ____30____. Thinking about it, I keep coping with messes all the time. Life is a process of ____31____ the messes and learning to clean them up, and plumbing work is no ____32____. Actually, apart from the awful working environment, we make plenty of our own messes, too. Yet I know clearly that though my dad and I create ____33____, we create order, and I can find it in each newly-soldered array of steel pipes. Moreover, when our work is ____34____ by our customers, I understand that, in a small way, we bring order to their lives. The physical and mental ____35____ of plumbing are worth it. 21. A. subjects B. ideas C. lessons D. skills 22. A. desire B. decline C. struggle D. fail 23. A. unable B. unwilling C. careful D. eager 24. A. interested B. hidden C. deserted D. lost 25. A. constantly B. occasionally C. casually D. typically 26. A. softened B. brightened C. blackened D. tightened 27. A. remove B. endure C. forget D. maintain 28. A. includes B. matches C. resembles D. supports 29. A. look down upon B. put up with C. stand up for D. look forward to 30. A. sweaty B. dirty C. busy D. strong 31. A. accepting B. resisting C. tolerating D. ignoring 32. A. sense B. problem C. objection D. exception 33. A. tension B. chaos C. loss D. crisis 34. A. evaluated B. investigated C. appreciated D. rejected 35. A. consequences B. discomforts C. influences D. discoveries 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了17岁女孩利用暑假给做管道工的父亲当助手，工作环境脏乱差、活儿又脏又累，她虽时常不情愿，但在历练中感悟到：生活本就要接纳混乱、学会收拾烂摊子。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些是我在过去三年里给父亲的单人管道生意当助手学到的技能。A. subjects科目；B. ideas想法；C. lessons课程；D. skills技能。根据前文“solder two steel pipes together or fix a broken water heater” 可知，焊接钢管或修理热水器都是实用技能，故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的暑期工作需要坚持不懈的态度，而我常常难以做到。A. desire渴望；B. decline拒绝；C. struggle努力；难以应付；D. fail失败。根据后文“Nevertheless, I persist” 可知，作者一开始“难以坚持”，struggle to do 表示“艰难地做”，符合语境，故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，我费力穿上一条旧的男式牛仔裤，大多数同龄人都不愿当众穿这种裤子。A. unable不能的；B. unwilling不愿意的；C. careful小心的；D. eager渴望的。根据前文“used men’s jeans” 及常识可知，女孩们通常不愿穿旧男裤出门，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常，我们在潮湿的地下室工作，我在迷宫般的储物箱间迷路，寻找水表。A. interested感兴趣的；B. hidden隐藏的；C. deserted被遗弃的；D. lost迷路的。根据后文“mazes of storage boxes” 可知，作者容易迷路，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不断地跳过杂乱的东西堆。A. constantly不断地；经常；B. occasionally偶尔；C. casually随意地；D. typically典型地。根据前文“we work in damp basements”及“in mazes of storage boxes”结合地下室脏乱的环境，杂物多，所以“不断地” 要跨过去，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的口鼻戴着防尘口罩，双手黑乎乎的。A. softened变软；B. brightened变亮；C. blackened变黑；D. tightened绷紧。根据前文“to solder two steel pipes together or fix a broken water heater”可知，管道工干活会沾油污、灰尘，手会“变黑”，故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候我会疑惑，既然我能找一份和同龄人工作更相似的普通工作，为什么还要忍受这些灰尘。A. remove移除；B. endure忍受；C. forget忘记；D. maintain维持。根据后文“when I could find a normal job” 可知，作者在反问自己，既然有更好的选择，为何要“忍受”这样脏乱的环境，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. includes包含；B. matches匹配；C. resembles类似；D. supports支持。根据前文“I could find a normal job”及后文“the work of my peers”可知，普通正常的工作就是同龄人都在从事的工作，二者相似，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，我瞧不起自己这么容易就烦躁。A. look down upon看不起；B. put up with忍受；C. stand up for支持；D. look forward to期待。根据后文“After all, the world is built by people willing to get their hands dirty” 可知，作者反思自己，“看不起”自己的娇气，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，世界是由愿意把手弄脏的人建造的。A. sweaty出汗的；B. dirty脏的；C. busy忙碌的；D. strong强壮的。根据前文“my hands are ”可知，管道工干活手会变脏，get hands dirty是固定表达，指“干粗活、脏活”，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活是一个接纳混乱并学会收拾它们的过程，管道工作也不例外。A. accepting接受；接纳；B. resisting抵抗；C. tolerating容忍；D. ignoring忽视。结合前文作者被迫适应脏乱环境及后文“learning to clean them up”可知，作者要表达积极向上的含义，感悟生活要“接纳”混乱，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sense感觉；B. problem问题；C. objection反对；D. exception例外。根据前文“Life is a process of   the messes and learning to clean them up”可知，管道工作和生活的道理一致，no exception表示“不例外”，故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我清楚，虽然我和父亲制造混乱，但我们也创造秩序，在每一段新焊接的钢管阵列中，我都能看到秩序。A. tension紧张；B. chaos混乱；C. loss损失；D. crisis危机。根据前文“Life is a process of   the messes”及后文“we create order”可知，作者和父亲在管道工作中会制造混乱，但也创造秩序。chaos与mess同义，与order形成对比。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：而且，当我们的工作得到顾客的赞赏时，我明白，我们以微小的方式为他们的生活带来了秩序。A. evaluated评估；B. investigated调查；C. appreciated感激；赞赏；D. rejected拒绝。根据后文“bring order to their lives”可知，顾客会赞赏他们的工作，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：管道工作带来的身心上的不适是值得的。A. consequences后果；B. discomforts不适；C. influences影响；D. discoveries发现。根据前文“we work in damp basements”及“my hands are ”和“plumbing is challenging for me, and I dislike it”等内容可知，管道工作的环境差、手会变黑、心情烦躁，这些都是身心上的“不适”，故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Our lives have become so busy that we often forget the pleasure of slowing down. We rush from task to task, grab food ____36____ the go, fill freezers with ready-made meals, or order takeout simply for convenience. ____37____ many people still long for home-cooked meals and shared warmth at the table. Since the beginning of civilization, cooking has helped people connect with one another. Early humans ____38____ (share) food around fires, building trust and community. Over time, families passed down ____39____ (recipe) across generations, turning cooking into a way of sharing culture, stories, and values. When we cook today, we continue this tradition and slow down enough ____40____ (feel) connected. For me, cooking is a ____41____ (heal) process. Selecting fresh ingredients helps me feel ____42____ (ground), while slicing, chopping, and stirring quiet my busy mind and bring a sense of control and pride in creating something nutritious with my own hands. In a world ____43____ we are bombarded with information, cooking allows me to step away from my screens and daily stress. This is ____44____ I’m an advocate of the slow food movement. It encourages people to value fresh, local ingredients and the time spent preparing and sharing meals. When we follow this idea, cooking becomes a ____45____ (mind) act and a way of caring for ourselves, our loved ones and our lives. 【答案】36. on 37. Yet##But 38. shared 39. recipes 40. to feel 41. healing 42. grounded 43. where 44. why 45. mindful 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要介绍了在快节奏的现代生活中，人们常常忽略慢下来的乐趣，而烹饪不仅能连接人与人之间的情感，还是一种治愈身心的过程，作者借此倡导慢食运动，强调用心烹饪、关爱自己与他人的生活态度。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：我们匆匆忙忙地完成一项又一项任务，匆忙地吃东西，为了方便把冰柜里装满即食餐，或者直接点外卖。固定短语on the go表示“忙个不停；匆忙地”。故填on。 【37题详解】 考查连词。句意：我们匆匆忙忙地完成一项又一项任务，匆忙地吃东西，为了方便把冰柜里装满即食餐，或者直接点外卖。但是许多人仍然渴望家常菜和餐桌旁共享的温暖。前后语义存在转折关系，用but/yet表示转折，句首首字母大写。故填Yet/ But。 【38题详解】 考查一般过去时。句意：早期人类围着火堆分享食物，建立信任与社群。根据Early humans可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填shared。 【39题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：随着时间的推移，家族将食谱代代相传，把烹饪变成一种分享文化、故事和价值观的方式。recipe为可数名词，此处表示泛指，用复数形式。故填recipes。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：今天我们做饭时，延续着这一传统，并足够慢下来去感受彼此的联结。... enough to do sth.表示 “足够……去做某事”，用不定式结构作状语。故填to feel。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对我来说，烹饪是一个治愈的过程。空处需填形容词修饰名词process，形容词healing表示“治愈身心的”，符合句意。故填healing。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：挑选新鲜食材让我感到踏实、接地气，而切菜、剁碎食材、搅拌这些动作，能平复我纷乱的思绪，让我在亲手做出营养美味的过程中，获得掌控感与成就感。feel为系动词，后接形容词grounded作表语，表示“脚踏实地的；心绪稳定的”。故填grounded。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在一个我们被信息狂轰滥炸的世界里，烹饪让我远离屏幕和日常压力。空处引导定语从句，先行词为world，表示地点，从句缺少地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 【44题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这就是我倡导慢食运动的原因。This is why...为固定句型，表示 “这就是……的原因”,why引导表语从句，在从句中作状语。故填 why。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当我们遵循这一理念时，烹饪就变成了一种用心的行为，一种关爱自己、亲人和生活的方式。空处需填形容词作定语，用形容词mindful修饰名词act，表示“用心的；专心的”。故填mindful。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你班正在制作以“My Word of the Year”为主题的班级展板。请你为自己的展示写一段英文说明，内容包括： 1．你的年度关键词； 2．说明该词对你的意义。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 My Word of the Year ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 My Word of the Year My word of the year is fearless. This year has taught me that life rewards those who face challenges head-on and refuse to let fear hold them back. From giving presentations in front of the whole class to tackling the toughest assignments, there were countless moments when I felt nervous, uncertain, or even tempted to give up. Yet, I learned to act despite the fear, take risks, and push my limits. Being fearless doesn’t mean never feeling afraid — it means transforming fear into energy to grow, achieve, and embrace every opportunity with courage, energy, and determination. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放作文，要求考生为班级展板写一段以“My Word of the Year”为主题的英文说明，介绍自己的年度关键词及其意义。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 勇敢的：fearless → courageous 阻止某人：hold sb. back → hinder sb 无数的：countless → numerous 应对：tackle → handle 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Being fearless doesn’t mean never feeling afraid. 拓展句：Being fearless doesn’t mean that you never feel afraid. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】This year has taught me that life rewards those who face challenges head-on and refuse to let fear hold them back.(运用了that引导的宾语从句，以及who引导的定语从句) 【高分句型 2】From giving presentations in front of the whole class to tackling the toughest assignments, there were countless moments when I felt nervous, uncertain, or even tempted to give up.(运用了when引导的定语从句) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Long Way Back Growing up as an only child, Daniel Harper often wished he had someone to share his quiet afternoons with. His parents both worked long hours, and the house felt especially silent after school. Everything changed on his eleventh birthday when his aunt arrived with a small cardboard box. Inside it was a lively brown puppy with bright eyes and a constantly wagging tail. Daniel named the puppy Rusty. From that day on, Rusty became Daniel’s constant companion. Every afternoon, Rusty waited by the door for Daniel to return from school. The moment Daniel stepped inside, Rusty would jump up excitedly, circling him and barking happily. They spent hours in the backyard playing fetch or simply lying on the grass together. Whenever Daniel felt upset about school or friends, Rusty seemed to understand. The dog would quietly sit beside him, resting his head on Daniel’s knee. To Daniel, Rusty was more than a pet — he was family. But when Daniel was fifteen, things suddenly changed. His mother was offered a job in another city, and the family had to move into a small apartment that did not allow pets. For weeks, Daniel tried to persuade his parents to keep Rusty, but the rules were strict. In the end, the family made the painful decision to leave Rusty at a local animal rescue center, hoping someone kind would adopt him. Daniel still remembered the day clearly. Rusty kept wagging his tail, thinking it was just another trip outside. Daniel hugged him tightly before leaving, promising in a whisper that he would never forget him. Rusty had been given a microchip at the vet when he was a puppy, but after that day, Daniel never heard anything about him again. Years passed. Daniel grew up, finished college, and eventually became a teacher. One weekend, while helping his students with a community service project at a local animal shelter, he noticed an older dog resting quietly in a corner. The dog’s fur was now a little gray, but something about him seemed familiar. Para. 1 When Daniel walked closer, the dog slowly stood up and stared at him. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2 After thinking for a moment, he asked the staff if the dog had a microchip. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 When Daniel walked closer, the dog slowly stood up and stared at him. His tail gave a weak, familiar wag that sent a jolt through Daniel’s chest. The dog inched forward, sniffing Daniel’s hand, then nuzzled it softly. Daniel’s breath caught. Those eyes, that gentle nudge, were exactly what he remembered. He whispered, “Rusty?” The dog’s tail picked up speed, and he let out a quiet whine, pressing his head against Daniel’s knee. Memories of their afternoons in the backyard and the day they parted flooded back, warm and aching. After thinking for a moment, he asked the staff if the dog had a microchip. The worker scanned the dog’s neck and confirmed the registered owner’s details: Daniel Harper, the same information his family had left years ago. Tears blurred Daniel’s eyes as he knelt and hugged the old dog tightly. The staff helped him complete the adoption papers quickly. Without hesitation, he decided to take Rusty home on the spot. After all these years, his childhood companion had found his way back home, and they would never be apart again. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物与宠物的情感为线索展开，讲述了作者Daniel Harper童年时与小狗Rusty相依相伴，后因搬家无奈将其送至动物救助中心，多年后Daniel成为教师，在参与社区服务项目时，意外与Rusty重逢的故事，展现了跨越时光的陪伴与温情。 【详解】 1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当Daniel走近时，那只狗缓缓站起身，凝视着他。”可知，第一段可描写Daniel靠近时，狗狗对他的熟悉反应，以及Daniel认出Rusty时的心理触动与回忆涌现。 ②由第二段首句内容“他思索片刻后，向工作人员询问这只狗是否植入了微芯片。”可知，第二段可描写Daniel通过微芯片确认狗狗身份，顺利完成领养，最终与Rusty重逢并决定相伴余生的情节。 2. 续写线索：靠近狗狗—— 认出熟悉特征—— 唤起回忆—— 确认微芯片信息—— 办理领养手续—— 决定相伴一生 3.词汇激活 行为类 ① 缓慢靠近：inch forward/ creep forward ② 决定：decide/ resolve ③ 拥抱：hug/ embrace 情绪类 ① 温情的：warm/ tender ② 泪水模糊了双眼：tears blur sb.’s eyes/ tears well up in sb.’s eyes 【点睛】【高分句型1】The dog inched forward, sniffing Daniel’s hand, then nuzzled it softly.(运用了现在分词短语sniffing Daniel’s hand作伴随状语) 【高分句型2】Those eyes, that gentle nudge, were exactly what he remembered.(运用了what引导的表语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 渭南市2026届高三教学质量检测（II） 英语试题 考生注意： 1．本试卷由选择题和非选择题两大部分组成，共12页。选择题包括第一、第二和第三部分第一节；非选择题为第三部分第二节和第四部分。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 2．考生领到试卷后，须按规定在试卷上填写姓名、准考证号，并在答题卡上填涂对应的信息点。 3．所有答案必须在答题卡指定区域内作答。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What is the woman short of now? A. Milk. B. Flour. C. Eggs. 2. How much money does the man need? A. 30 yuan. B. 50 yuan. C. 150 yuan. 3. What is the relationship between Mark and Amber? A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister. C. Good friends. 4. How does the woman sound? A. Interested. B. Optimistic. C. Disappointed. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A judge. B. Classical music. C. An idiom. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Smoke less. B. Stop making excuses. C. Throw away the bargains. 7. What is the woman’s attitude towards the man’s words at last? A. Supportive. B. Ambiguous. C. Disapproving. 听第7段录音，回答第8、9题。 8. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In the photo studio. B. In the gym. C. In the park. 9. What will the man do next? A. Shoot unnoticed. B. Take a rest. C. Play with the kids. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10. What was the girl’s first reaction when her grandfather was in danger? A. Calling 911 for help. B. Diving into the water. C. Turning to her grandmother. 11. What kind of transport does the man definitely refuse to take? A. The ship. B. The train. C. The plane. 12. Why did the woman fly abroad five years ago? A. For a business trip. B. For a wedding. C. For medical attention. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13. What department is Dorothy most probably in? A. The sales department. B. The production department. C. The human resource department. 14. Which of the following doesn’t the company provide for free? A. The coffee. B. The working lunch. C. The snacks. 15. How long can Max take a lunch break? A. One hour. B. One hour and a half. C. Two hours. 16. What do we know about Mr. Chase? A. He’s helpful. B. He’s bad-tempered. C. He’s strict with himself. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What is essential for doing hot yoga? A. A heated room. B. A sauna suit. C. The mastery of traditional yoga. 18. What is the second potential benefit of hot yoga mentioned by the speaker? A. Promoting psychological health. B. Improving lower body strength. C. Increasing physical flexibility. 19. Who does the speaker advise against doing hot yoga? A. People who have high levels of blood sugar. B. People who are just starting to exercise. C. People who are expecting. 20. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To introduce a yoga center. B. To advertise a class. C. To popularize a sport. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Weather and Climate in Your Neighborhood Objective: To investigate patterns and variations in local weather and climate by comparing historical weather data for your city. Time required: ≤1 day Material availability: Readily available Cost: Under $20 Resources ·A free online database will be used to search for historical weather data. This site (www.wunderground.com) provides access to almost any type of weather data, including radar and satellite images, astronomical data, storm warnings, and more. ·Check out books from your local library to learn more about weather and climate. Materials and equipment ·Computer with Internet access ·Pencil and paper Procedures ·First, decide which historical dates to use. The database contains monthly averages for many localities dating back to the early 1900s. The range of dates available for selection will depend on how far back the data extends for your specific city. Choose a series of months and years. ·Decide how you will organize and record your data in a table. ·Go to www.wunderground.com and search for your city. On the city’s weather page, locate and click the “History” button to access the historical data lookup tool. You can look up minimum, maximum and average temperatures for a day, week or month in a specific year. ·Look up and record the corresponding average temperature for each of your chosen months and years on your data sheet. ·Create a summary graph of the monthly temperatures over a one-year cycle by superimposing (叠加) the data for different years to determine whether the average temperature in your area has increased or decreased over the years and whether it fluctuates (起伏不定) or remains constant, and to identify any recurring patterns. 1. How can the historical weather data be found? A. By searching a free website. B. By consulting a school teacher. C. By checking out books from a library. D. By writing to the national weather service. 2. Why is a summary graph created? A. To predict future temperature trends. B. To identify long-term temperature trends. C. To compare weather data from different cities. D. To record the corresponding average temperature. 3. What is the text? A. A news article about climate change. B. A report about a science project. C. An advertisement for a weather website. D. A set of instructions for an experiment. B About 15 years ago, a humble idea for a historical fiction series erupted into a worldwide literary phenomenon, now known as the I Survived series. Every novel transports readers into the middle of true, real-life catastrophes. Whether it is a shocking weather event or a widespread plague (瘟疫), each story illustrates how a kid rises to the occasion. In 2010, Lauren Tarshis released her first book. She never could have imagined that over the next 15 years, the series would become a bestseller, printing over 20 million copies to date. Tarshis has published 25 novels in the series and her newest release came out last October. Tarshis visited the Blue Willow Bookshop’s Tweens Read Book Festival at Dobie High School in Houston and spoke about her recent novel, in which a boy named Ray fights the dangers of the Dust Bowl in the Panhandle of Texas. “A lot of kids have suggested this topic and asked for a story about the Great Depression. So this is sort of two books in one. My research for the new novel was exciting because I visited places I had never been to. It’s been a great experience,” she said. The idea for the series originated in her family. Tarshis, a mother of four, noticed her son Dylan was having a hard time finding books he enjoyed. “Dylan said to me, ‘I want to read a book about a cool topic with a main character that’s a kid like me.’ That was really a big inspiration. I saw that when there was a topic featuring a real kid at its heart, those were the stories that kids really liked to read,” she said. Although each book in the series may be a page-turner, the messages and themes are long-lasting and impactful. “I want kids to learn about the world and places they didn’t know about but now feel connected to. I want them to see that people go through really hard things, and it’s not just about surviving. It’s about healing, finding help, and being patient about recovering from something scary.” 4. What is a key feature of the I Survived series? A. Each story is set during the 20th century. B. Each story is about a child in a real disaster. C. Each story pictures a child’s real school life. D. Each story presents historical events in detail. 5. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 and paragraph 4 about Tarshis’s writing? A. It avoids hardship and emotional depths. B. It centers on entertainment over education. C. It’s mainly based on personal experiences. D. It’s reader-focused with meaningful themes. 6. What does the underlined word “page-turner” mean? A. A book that is hard to read. B. A book that tells true stories. C. A book that keeps readers engaged. D. A book that changes readers’ habits. 7. What message is mainly conveyed through Tarshis’s novels? A. History is full of unexpected events. B. Survival depends on luck and external help. C. Reading is the best way to understand the past. D. True courage involves enduring and overcoming hardship. C The world’s appetite for seafood is growing, and the industry is racing to keep up. As a result, mariculture — farming seafood in the ocean — is expanding rapidly. A new study, published in the journal Nature Ecology & Evolution, suggests that mariculture could be expanded to feed more people while reducing harm to marine biodiversity. The study was led by Deqiang Ma, a scholar at the University of Michigan. “We can achieve this sustainable mariculture development with strategic planning,” said Ma. Ma and an international team of researchers developed a model to analyze what mariculture growth could bring to over 20,000 marine species. The team’s model created a baseline for mariculture’s current impact and simulated how it could change by 2050 under different scenarios. The researchers also factored in two climate change models, which assumed varying levels of warming and greenhouse gas emissions. In the best-case situation, seafood production could increase by 2.36-fold compared to current production, while the global mariculture impact would decrease by up to 30.5%. However, the worst-case scenario painted a completely different picture. If new farms were built in the most ecologically sensitive areas, the damage to marine biodiversity could be more than four times worse than the damage that would happen if farms were placed randomly. “Our study shows it’s essential to use the growing insights across disciplines, whether it’s climate change science or economics or marine production,” said senior study author Neil Carter, an associate professor at the University of Michigan. “All these different parts have to come together from other sources to make these forecasts.” One key takeaway is that there’s no universal solution. What works in the South Pacific may not be ideal for coastal Europe. Additionally, in all scenarios examined, mariculture expansion could negatively impact some marine mammals like whales, seals, and sea lions. Understanding these trade-offs is essential for policymakers who must balance food security with conservation goals. 8. What is the purpose of the new study? A. To develop technologies for modern mariculture. B. To reduce seafood prices by developing mariculture. C. To balance seafood demand with marine conservation. D. To promote mariculture as an alternative to marine fishing. 9. What mainly determines mariculture’s impact according to the study? A. The location of the farming. B. The speed of climate change. C. The type of seafood being farmed. D. The size of the global seafood market. 10. What does Carter emphasize in paragraph 5? A. Reducing seafood demand worldwide. B. Using knowledge from multiple fields. C. Expanding mariculture into all oceans. D. Prioritizing the protection of marine animals. 11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Climate change plays a vital role in mariculture. B. Seafood farming can sometimes benefit biodiversity. C. Mariculture’s impacts can be eliminated with technology. D. There isn’t a single global way to expand seafood farming. D Character traits lead us to think, feel, and act in certain ways. When seeing children or animals suffering, a cold-hearted person might think they deserve what they’re getting and neglect their situation day after day. A compassionate person, however, might feel motivated to take action and provide support. Some character traits have to do with being a morally good or bad person, while others do not. Clearly, honesty contributes to being a good person, while creativity could be used in either a good or bad way. The morally relevant traits come in two varieties — the moral virtues like honesty and the moral vices like dishonesty. The moral virtues are positive qualities we should develop. However, being a virtuous person is more complicated than it seems. For example, consider Samantha, who holds a high-level position at work. As she was leaving the office last night, she had a chance to take home some office supplies for personal use, but she did not. Is that enough for us to conclude she’s honest? The answer is no, for we don’t know whether she takes home supplies on other nights. So let’s change the example. Suppose she never takes home any office supplies, and does that do the trick? The answer is again no, for we don’t know whether she’s dishonest in other areas of her work life. She might misreport the company’s taxes to the government. Now suppose that Samantha never steals supplies from the company, never falsifies (篡改) the company’s tax reporting, and consistently avoids such misconduct. How does that sound? It’s still not good enough. A virtue like honesty should extend to all areas of one’s life — home, work, school, and all the rest. Anyhow, being a good person is never simple. The truth, however, is that character is malleable. Through everyday choices, we can gradually shape who we are. Each step toward honesty, kindness, and courage matters. Every time we choose integrity over deceit, compassion over indifference, and generosity over selfishness, we refine our character. It is this ongoing pursuit that gives depth and meaning to a life. 12. What does the contrast in paragraph 1 show? A. Inborn traits define our capacity for virtues. B. Personality shapes how one responds to situations. C. Most people tend to offer support to those in need. D. Moral judgment influences our reactions to suffering. 13. Why does the author give several versions of Samantha’s story? A. To prove small actions determine honesty. B. To explain virtues require broad consistency. C. To show virtues bring professional reputation. D. To reveal virtues affect one’s decision-making. 14. What is the author’s attitude towards developing character? A. Skeptical. B. Unconcerned. C. Hopeful. D. Cautious. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. How to Develop Moral Virtues B. Samantha: A Model of Honesty? C. Character Traits: Born or Made? D. The Complexity of Being Virtuous 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Between soccer practices, music lessons and school projects, many families find themselves questioning whether there’s time or even a need for their children to do chores at home. But according to Elizabeth Harris, a child and adolescent psychologist, asking kids to pitch in around the house can have powerful lifelong benefits. Chores are not just about keeping a house clean. ____16____ One thing that often surprises parents is how chores build empathy. When kids understand what it takes to maintain a home, they become more aware of and grateful for what others do for them. That kind of perspective can be a game-changer in emotional development. ____17____ During the school year, kids thrive on routine. But during vacations, that structure often disappears. Adding a few regular responsibilities, especially ones the child helps choose, can provide much-needed rhythm and stability. Assigning regular household duties can also enhance children’s cognitive development. ____18____ They develop stronger working memory, better emotional regulation and more mental flexibility. These are foundational skills not just for success in school, but in life. So when should a kid start? As early as preschool. Younger children love to feel capable. Simple tasks like cleaning up toys or wiping and setting the table foster autonomy. ____19____ They include maintaining their room, helping cook meals and managing pet care. Harris encourages parents to frame these not as punishments, but as opportunities to grow. ____20____ But when there’s room, lean into those opportunities. Kids don’t need to do everything, but they should do something. Giving children and teens consistent, age-appropriate chores is one of the simplest and most effective ways to help them grow into responsible, capable adults. A. The benefits go even deeper. B. Chores also reinforce structure. C. When life gets busy, it’s okay to pull back. D. These are skills that serve them well, far into adulthood. E. Kids who have chores are typically better self-managers. F. For older children and teens, tasks can become more complex. G. Children who have age-appropriate chores develop stronger relationships. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Not many 17-year-old girls know how to solder (焊) two steel pipes together or fix a broken water heater. These are the ____21____ I’ve learned over the past three years as an assistant to my dad in his one-man plumbing (管道) business. My summer job demands an attitude of perseverance, which I frequently ____22____ to adopt. Nevertheless, I persist. Each morning, I wrestle myself into a pair of used men’s jeans that most of my peers would be ____23____ to be seen wearing in public. And then I climb into my father’s plumber truck. Generally, we work in damp basements where I get ____24____ in mazes of storage boxes looking for the water meter. I ____25____ jump over messy piles of things. My mouth and nose are covered by a dust mask, and my hands are ____26____. To be honest, plumbing is challenging for me, and I dislike it. Sometimes I question why I ____27____ the dust when I could find a normal job that more closely ____28____ the work of my peers. Yet, I ____29____ myself for being so easily annoyed. After all, the world is built by people willing to get their hands ____30____. Thinking about it, I keep coping with messes all the time. Life is a process of ____31____ the messes and learning to clean them up, and plumbing work is no ____32____. Actually, apart from the awful working environment, we make plenty of our own messes, too. Yet I know clearly that though my dad and I create ____33____, we create order, and I can find it in each newly-soldered array of steel pipes. Moreover, when our work is ____34____ by our customers, I understand that, in a small way, we bring order to their lives. The physical and mental ____35____ of plumbing are worth it. 21. A. subjects B. ideas C. lessons D. skills 22. A. desire B. decline C. struggle D. fail 23. A. unable B. unwilling C. careful D. eager 24. A. interested B. hidden C. deserted D. lost 25. A. constantly B. occasionally C. casually D. typically 26. A. softened B. brightened C. blackened D. tightened 27. A. remove B. endure C. forget D. maintain 28. A. includes B. matches C. resembles D. supports 29. A. look down upon B. put up with C. stand up for D. look forward to 30. A. sweaty B. dirty C. busy D. strong 31. A. accepting B. resisting C. tolerating D. ignoring 32. A. sense B. problem C. objection D. exception 33. A. tension B. chaos C. loss D. crisis 34. A. evaluated B. investigated C. appreciated D. rejected 35. A. consequences B. discomforts C. influences D. discoveries 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Our lives have become so busy that we often forget the pleasure of slowing down. We rush from task to task, grab food ____36____ the go, fill freezers with ready-made meals, or order takeout simply for convenience. ____37____ many people still long for home-cooked meals and shared warmth at the table. Since the beginning of civilization, cooking has helped people connect with one another. Early humans ____38____ (share) food around fires, building trust and community. Over time, families passed down ____39____ (recipe) across generations, turning cooking into a way of sharing culture, stories, and values. When we cook today, we continue this tradition and slow down enough ____40____ (feel) connected. For me, cooking is a ____41____ (heal) process. Selecting fresh ingredients helps me feel ____42____ (ground), while slicing, chopping, and stirring quiet my busy mind and bring a sense of control and pride in creating something nutritious with my own hands. In a world ____43____ we are bombarded with information, cooking allows me to step away from my screens and daily stress. This is ____44____ I’m an advocate of the slow food movement. It encourages people to value fresh, local ingredients and the time spent preparing and sharing meals. When we follow this idea, cooking becomes a ____45____ (mind) act and a way of caring for ourselves, our loved ones and our lives. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你班正在制作以“My Word of the Year”为主题的班级展板。请你为自己的展示写一段英文说明，内容包括： 1．你的年度关键词； 2．说明该词对你的意义。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 My Word of the Year ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Long Way Back Growing up as an only child, Daniel Harper often wished he had someone to share his quiet afternoons with. His parents both worked long hours, and the house felt especially silent after school. Everything changed on his eleventh birthday when his aunt arrived with a small cardboard box. Inside it was a lively brown puppy with bright eyes and a constantly wagging tail. Daniel named the puppy Rusty. From that day on, Rusty became Daniel’s constant companion. Every afternoon, Rusty waited by the door for Daniel to return from school. The moment Daniel stepped inside, Rusty would jump up excitedly, circling him and barking happily. They spent hours in the backyard playing fetch or simply lying on the grass together. Whenever Daniel felt upset about school or friends, Rusty seemed to understand. The dog would quietly sit beside him, resting his head on Daniel’s knee. To Daniel, Rusty was more than a pet — he was family. But when Daniel was fifteen, things suddenly changed. His mother was offered a job in another city, and the family had to move into a small apartment that did not allow pets. For weeks, Daniel tried to persuade his parents to keep Rusty, but the rules were strict. In the end, the family made the painful decision to leave Rusty at a local animal rescue center, hoping someone kind would adopt him. Daniel still remembered the day clearly. Rusty kept wagging his tail, thinking it was just another trip outside. Daniel hugged him tightly before leaving, promising in a whisper that he would never forget him. Rusty had been given a microchip at the vet when he was a puppy, but after that day, Daniel never heard anything about him again. Years passed. Daniel grew up, finished college, and eventually became a teacher. One weekend, while helping his students with a community service project at a local animal shelter, he noticed an older dog resting quietly in a corner. The dog’s fur was now a little gray, but something about him seemed familiar. Para. 1 When Daniel walked closer, the dog slowly stood up and stared at him. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2 After thinking for a moment, he asked the staff if the dog had a microchip. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $