精品解析：广东省佛山市实验学校2024-2025学年八年级下学期第一次课堂作业英语试题

2024-2025学年第二学期初中八年级英语科第一次课堂作业 （笔试部分） 一、语法选择（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从所给的A、B、C项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When I was a little boy, I always ran outside to play for a few hours on weekends. Then I came back home. ____1____ lovely the house smelt! ____2____ my favorite Italian bread with butter (黄油) on the table. My Italian grandma was making our Sunday dinner. We ____3____ also have meatballs, sometimes potatoes and sometimes chicken. I remember we all got together. Then we ate with laughter and joy. I always felt so ____4____ and safe there. We always ate dinner with happy hearts. As I got older and became an adult (成年人), I tried to cook something like Grandma’s Sunday dinners ____5____. Often I would get very close to making a dinner like hers, ____6____ it was never quite right. Then I got to know I was doing something wrong. Although I was trying to bring back a taste, what I really wanted ____7____ was to bring back a feeling. Those dinners that my grandma prepared were so wonderful. But that’s not ____8____ most important. What really matters is the feeling of love. Grandma always put her love into her cooking and her life. Later in my life, I kept doing my ____9____ to do the same. No matter what I am cooking or what I am doing, I always try to do it ____10____ love. 1. A. What B. What a C. How 2. A. It was B. There was C. There were 3. A. should B. must C. could 4. A. peace B. peaceful C. peacefully 5. A. me B. mine C. myself 6. A. but B. and C. so 7. A. doing B. to do C. do 8. A. a B. an C. the 9. A. good B. better C. best 10. A. with B. for C. about 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者回忆童年时奶奶做的周日晚餐，成年后尝试复刻，最终明白重要的不是味道，而是食物里蕴含的爱的故事。 【1题详解】 句意：回到家，屋里闻起来多么香啊！ 这是感叹句，空后是形容词lovely，感叹句中修饰形容词要用How；What/What a后需接名词，故排除。 【2题详解】 句意：桌上有我最喜欢的涂了黄油的意大利面包。 此处表示“某地有某物”，用there be句型，主语bread为不可数名词，用There was；It was指代不明，不符合语境。 【3题详解】 句意：我们也会吃肉丸，有时是土豆，有时是鸡肉。 根据语境，这里表示过去“能够/可以”吃到这些食物，用could；should（应该）、must（必须）语气过于强硬，不符合家庭用餐的语境。 【4题详解】 句意：在那里我总是感到那么平静又安全。 句中felt是系动词，后需接形容词作表语，peaceful（平静的）符合；peace是名词，peacefully是副词，不能直接作表语。 【5题详解】 句意：长大后，我试着自己做类似奶奶做的周日晚餐。 此处表示“独自地”，用反身代词myself；me是宾格，mine是名词性物主代词，不符合语境。 【6题详解】 句意：我常常能做出和她的晚餐非常像的味道，但总不完全正确。 前后句为转折关系：“很接近”但是“不够完美”，用but；and表并列，so表因果，逻辑不符。 【7题详解】 句意：虽然我试图复刻味道，但我真正想要找回的是一种感觉。 此处为what I really wanted to do的结构，want后需接不定式to do。 【8题详解】 句意：但那不是最重要的。 形容词最高级most important前需加定冠词the，这是语法规则。 【9题详解】 句意：后来在生活中，我一直尽我最大的努力做同样的事。 句型do one’s best表示“尽某人最大的努力”。 【10题详解】 句意：无论我在做什么菜或做什么事，我总是试着带着爱去做。 此处表示“带着、伴随”，用介词with；for（为了）、about（关于）不符合语境。 二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 I was 38 when I became the first Chinese person to go into space on the Shenzhou-5, on October 15, 2003. It made China the third country to ____11____ send people into space with a manned spacecraft-after the U.S. and Russia. Being the first one, I realized (意识到) that I would take risks if I went into space. Even I thought I would not make it back ____12____. When the rocket ____13____ to a height of about 30-40 kilometers above the ground, I felt it began to shake. There were “strange knocking ____14____” from outside the spacecraft that made my ears uncomfortable. Then a(n) ____15____ happened. It seemed something was shaking my body. It made my heart beat ____16____. I thought I was going to die. The painful moment ____17____ for 26 seconds. When it was finally over, I felt like I had been reborn. After ____18____ from space, I reported the accident and the scientists solved the problem before Shenzhou-6 set off. So everything went well when Nie Haisheng ____19____ his spacesuit (太空服) and flew into space during his first trip to space. A number of new technologies have also been used in the cabin (机舱) later, such as space Wi-Fi, phones and many kinds of space _____20_____ to eat. Spacemen can also hold several Tiangong classes. 11. A. usually B. rudely C. successfully D. personally 12. A. asleep B. alone C. alive D. away 13. A. landed B. lifted C. fell D. dreamed 14. A. sounds B. words C. videos D. games 15. A. storm B. meeting C. accident D. story 16. A. lower B. better C. faster D. higher 17. A. stopped B. lasted C. flew D. looked 18. A. leaving B. starting C. reaching D. returning 19. A. held on B. called on C. tried on D. put on 20. A. messages B. services C. foods D. games 【答案】11. C 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C 16. C 17. B 18. D 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者作为中国首位进入太空的宇航员，在神舟五号任务中经历的惊险时刻，以及后续神舟六号任务中技术改进和太空生活的变化。 【11题详解】 句意：这使中国成为继美国和俄罗斯之后，第三个用载人飞船成功将人送入太空的国家。 根据上下文，神舟五号的成功发射标志着中国完成了载人航天任务。结合常识，只有“成功”将人送入太空才能被称为第三个国家。usually“通常”、rudely“粗鲁地”、personally“亲自地”均不符合语境。 【12题详解】 句意：甚至我觉得我可能无法活着回来了。 根据前文“I would take risks”以及后文描述的惊险场景，这里表达的是对生死的担忧。make it back alive意为“活着回来”。 【13题详解】 句意：当火箭升空到达离地面约30—40千米的高度时，我感到它开始震动。 火箭发射是向上运动的过程。lift在此处意为“升起、提升”。land“着陆”、fall“掉落”、dream“做梦”均与火箭发射升空的动作不符。 【14题详解】 句意：飞船外面有“奇怪的敲击声”，让我的耳朵很不舒服。 根据空前的“knocking”以及后文“made my ears uncomfortable”，可知此处指听到的声音，sound“声音”符合语境。 【15题详解】 句意：然后发生了一起事故。 根据下文“I reported the accident”可知，此处指发生了一起事故，应用accident。 【16题详解】 句意：它让我的心跳加速。 根据“painful moment”和“I thought I was going to die.”可知，身体受到剧烈震动，心跳应加快，heart beat faster意为“心跳加快”。 【17题详解】 句意：这痛苦的时刻持续了26秒。 根据“for 26 seconds”可知，这里表示时间段，应用last表示“持续”。 【18题详解】 句意：从太空返回后，我报告了这次事故。 根据“from space”可知，此处指从太空返回，应用returning。 【19题详解】 句意：所以当聂海胜第一次太空旅行时穿上太空服飞入太空时，一切都很顺利。 根据“his spacesuit and flew into space”可知，此处指穿上太空服，应用put on。held on“坚持”、called on“拜访”、tried on“试穿”均不符合语境。 【20题详解】 句意：许多新技术后来也被应用在机舱里，比如太空Wi-Fi、电话和各种各样的太空食品。 根据“to eat”可知，这里指的是可以“吃”的东西，即“食物”，foods符合语境。 三、阅读理解（本大题有20小题，共40分） A配对阅读 阅读下面短文，从短文所给的六个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺连贯，意思完整。 Joel Sartore is a well-known photographer working for National Geographic. ____21____ During this time, he met a National Geographic photographer who encouraged him to submit photos to the magazine. ____22____ This small opportunity later led to longer projects. Joel believes that ____23____, such as scientific knowledge or the ability to work in extreme environments like diving under ice. Nowadays, ____24____ due to advanced technology and free high-quality photos online. For young photographers, Joel gives important advice: ____25____—practice in various conditions, study others’ work, stay curious, and focus on making a positive impact rather than chasing money. A. Buy expensive equipment to improve photo quality. B. Photography jobs are becoming more competitive. C. Photographers need special skills beyond taking photos. D. Success requires hard work and meaningful goals. E. He began his career at a newspaper. F. His first job there lasted only one day. 【答案】21. E 22. F 23. C 24. B 25. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了著名摄影师Joel Sartore的职业生涯起点、摄影行业的变化以及对年轻摄影师的建议。 【21题详解】 根据后文“During this time, he met a National Geographic photographer...”可知，此处需要提到一个时间段或一份工作背景，以便后文的“During this time”有所指代。E选项“他开始在一家报社工作”引出了他职业生涯的起点，符合语境。 【22题详解】 根据前文“encouraged him to submit photos to the magazine”和后文“This small opportunity later led to longer projects”可知，此处应描述他向杂志投稿后的初步结果。F选项“他在那里的第一份工作只持续了一天”与后文提到的“small opportunity”以及后来的“longer projects”形成对比和承接，符合逻辑。 【23题详解】 根据后文“such as scientific knowledge or the ability to work in extreme environments...”可知，此处是在说明摄影师需要具备摄影之外的特殊技能。C选项“摄影师需要摄影之外的特殊技能”是对后文举例的总结，符合语境。 【24题详解】 根据后文“due to advanced technology and free high-quality photos online”可知，此处是在描述摄影行业面临的现状或挑战。B选项“摄影工作正变得更具竞争性”是技术进步和免费图片泛滥导致的结果，符合逻辑。 【25题详解】 根据后文“practice in various conditions, study others’ work, stay curious, and focus on making a positive impact rather than chasing money”可知，这是乔尔给年轻摄影师的建议，强调努力工作和正确的目标。D选项“成功需要努力工作和有意义的目标”是对后文具体建议的概括，符合语境。 B阅读理解 阅读A、B两篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 A Eyes are important and help us see the world. However, China has 700 million people who have myopia (近视) and the rate (比率) of myopic children is very high. Why do children get myopia? ●If a child spends over 7 hours a week on computers or mobile phones, he may have myopia. ●Fewer outdoor activities increase the risk of getting myopia. ●Parents who have myopia may have a myopic child. ________ Tip 1: Eat eye-healthy food It’s true that carrots which are rich in Vitamin A are good for your eyes! In fact, food rich in Vitamins C and E, and many kinds of fruit and vegetables can help keep your eyes healthy. Eating eye-healthy food like fish can also help protect your eyes! Tip 2: Choose a good reading environment Try not to read while riding in a car or walking. Do not read in places with weak or strong light. Do not read while lying down. Tip 3: Give your eyes a rest The heavy use of a smart phone and a computer may hurt your eyes. Try using the 20-20-20 rule throughout the day: every 20 minutes, look away from the screens and look at somewhere about 20 feet in front of you for 20 seconds. This reduces eye stress (压力) and helps your eyes feel better at the end of the day. 26. Which can show the change in the number of myopic children? A. B. C. D. 27. Which of the following can be put in “________”? A. Where should children have fun? B. Why should children do sports? C. When should children read? D. What should children do? 28. How often should we take breaks from the screens? A. Every 10 minutes. B. Every 20 minutes. C. Every half an hour. D. Every 40 minutes. 29. What can we learn from the passage? ① Causes for myopia. ②The rate of Chinese myopic kids in 2024. ③Right food for myopic kids. ④Hospitals to treat myopia. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 30. In which unit of a textbook can we read this passage? A. Unit1 Beauty of Nature B. Unit 2 Sports World C. Unit 3 The Importance of Environment D. Unit 4 Ways to Keep Healthy 【答案】26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国儿童近视率的现状、成因及护眼建议。 【26题详解】 由柱状图“The myopia rate among children in China in 2024”中，随着年龄增长，近视率从14.50%逐步上升到85.70%，可知近视儿童数量随年龄增长呈持续上升趋势，对应选项C的曲线变化。 【27题详解】 由下文列出的“Eat eye-healthy food”、“Choose a good reading environment”以及“Give your eyes a rest”等护眼建议，可知此处应填引导性问题“What should children do?”。 【28题详解】 由“Tip 3: Give your eyes a rest”部分的“Try using the 20-20-20 rule throughout the day: every 20 minutes, look away from the screens and look at somewhere about 20 feet in front of you for 20 seconds.”可知，我们应该每20分钟从屏幕前休息一下。 【29题详解】 由文中“Why do children get myopia?”部分介绍了近视成因、柱状图展示了2024年中国儿童近视率、“Tip 1”介绍了护眼食物，可知我们可以从文中了解到①近视的成因、②2024年中国近视儿童的比率、③近视孩子应吃的健康食物。 【30题详解】 由全文围绕近视问题，介绍护眼方法，可知这篇文章属于健康主题，可在“Unit 4 Ways to Keep Healthy”中读到。 B The Sun and the Moon are different. We often think that the Sun rules the day and the Moon rules the night. That is not totally right. The Sun shines all the time. It shines during the day when we see it, and even at night when we don’t. As the Earth turns, sometimes we face the Sun, and that’s when we get day. Sometimes we are in the Earth’s shadow, and that’s when we get night. When people on the opposite side of the Earth face the Sun, those people have day while we have night. The Moon is a different story. Unlike the Sun, it doesn’t make its own light. Moonlight is actually the Sun’s light reflecting (反射) off the Moon back to us. The Sun lights up only the side of the Moon that faces the Sun. At the Full Moon, the Moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the Sun. Then the side of the Moon facing the Earth is all lit up. During the Full Moon, the Moon rises around sunset, shines all night, and sets around sunrise. Since the moonlight is bright, you can sometimes see it during the day too. A few days before the Full Moon, if you look east in the afternoon, you may see the Moon in the sky. After the Full Moon, you may find it if you look west in the morning. The Moon is most difficult to see at the New Moon, when its orbit (轨道) puts it between the Earth and the Sun. Then, the side of the Moon facing the Earth is dark and we can’t see the Moon at all. 31. What can we know about the Sun? A. The Sun rules the Moon. B. The Sun shines during both day and night. C. The Sun lights up all the sides of the Moon. D. The Sun shines everywhere on the Earth at the same time. 32. Which of the following dictionary definitions best matches the underlined word “shadow” in Paragraph 3? ① the shape of the Earth ② the force from the Sun ③ the dark area on the Earth ④ the opposite side of the Sun A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④ 33. What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A. How the Moon makes its light. B. Why there is day and night on the Earth. C. Why the Moon can be seen during the day. D. What the difference between the Full Moon and the New Moon is. 34. Which picture shows us the New Moon? A. B. C. D. 35. What is the theme of the passage? A. History. B. Science. C. Health. D. Sports. 【答案】31. B 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了太阳与月亮的运行规律：太阳始终发光，地球自转形成昼夜；月亮本身不发光，靠反射太阳光发亮，文章还说明了月相变化（满月、新月）的成因及可见规律。 【31题详解】 原文第二段提到：The Sun shines all the time. It shines during the day when we see it, and even at night when we don’t.直接说明太阳在白天和夜晚都在发光。 【32题详解】 原文第三段提到：“Sometimes we are in the Earth’s shadow, and that’s when we get night.”结合上下文，“shadow”指地球背对太阳时形成的黑暗区域（夜晚），对应解释③the dark area on the Earth。 【33题详解】 第五段围绕“满月”展开，提到：Since the moonlight is bright, you can sometimes see it during the day too. 并举例了满月前后白天可见月亮的情况，核心是为什么月亮在白天也能被看到。 【34题详解】 原文最后一段提到：“The Moon is most difficult to see at the New Moon, when its orbit puts it between the Earth and the Sun.”新月时，月球位于太阳和地球之间，对应选项A的示意图。 【35题详解】 文章介绍了太阳、月亮的天文知识，属于科学类主题。 C 阅读回答问题 阅读短文，根据短文内容用完整的句子回答下列问题。答案写在答题卡相应位置上。 When we talk about stress (压力), it’s usually about adults (成人). People hardly think about children’s stress. However, in primary schools in the UK, Tai Chi is used to help children get over the stress. Paul White has given classes of Chinese kung fu at hundreds of schools. “Children are under great stress from their parents. They are worried, but they don’t know what to do with it,” he said. “Nobody teaches you how to cut down stress and make yourself free of it.” Mr. White has been travelling around primary schools and giving courses of Tai Chi in the past ten years. But he said that with more people paying attention to the importance of mental (精神的) health and physical health in recent years, the classes have become much more popular. Mr. White usually teaches children aged four to eleven and runs a special course before the test. After taking part in this special course, many children said that they not only felt less stressed during the test but also could control their feelings. The form of exercise, Tai Chi, is now used because it’s good for health. “Tai Chi is better than yoga”, Mr. White said. 36. Why is Tai Chi taught in primary schools in the UK? ________________________________________________ 37. Who is children’s stress mainly from? ________________________________________________ 38. How long has Mr. White given courses of Tai Chi in primary schools? ________________________________________________ 39. How old are the children Mr. White usually teaches? ________________________________________________ 40. What does Mr. White think of Tai Chi and yoga? ________________________________________________ 【答案】36. It is taught in primary schools in the UK because it is used to help children get over the stress. 37. It is mainly from their parents. 38. He has given courses of Tai Chi in primary schools for ten years. 39. They are usually aged four to eleven. 40. He thinks that Tai Chi is better than yoga. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了英国小学引入太极课程，帮助儿童缓解压力、改善身心健康的情况，介绍了课程的实施者、效果以及太极与瑜伽的对比。 【36题详解】 根据首段“in primary schools in the UK, Tai Chi is used to help children get over the stress”可知，太极在英国小学开设是为了帮助孩子们克服压力，因此答案是直接信息题。 【37题详解】 根据第二段“Children are under great stress from their parents.”可知，孩子们的压力主要来自父母，这是原文中的直接信息，可直接提取。 【38题详解】 根据第三段“Mr. White has been travelling around primary schools and giving courses of Tai Chi in the past ten years.”可知，White先生在小学教授太极课程已有十年，这是原文中明确的时间信息，直接提取即可。 【39题详解】 根据第四段“Mr. White usually teaches children aged four to eleven”可知，White先生通常教4到11岁的孩子，这是原文中的年龄信息，可直接提取。 【40题详解】 根据最后一段“‘Tai Chi is better than yoga’, Mr. White said.”可知，White先生认为太极比瑜伽更好，这是原文中直接引述的观点，属于直接信息题。 四、词汇基础（本大题分为A、B两部分，共10分） A. 选词填空 选择所提供词汇的正确形式填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。选项中有两项为多余选项。 feel, weak, competition, Germany, mix, reach, galaxy, possible, communicate, take, ill, awful 41. Go to see the doctor and he will tell you the cause of your ________. 42. The bed ________ not too hard or too soft so I had a good sleep last night. 43. What kinds of ________ have you entered so far? 44. How many piano lessons have you ________ recently? 45. Jane’s mum has good ________ with teachers so she knows well how her daughter does at school. 46. The pronunciation sounds strange. I think it is ________. 47. Sean often ________ IPA with pinyin. 48. Try your best and just do it. Nothing is ________ to a willing heart. 49. Light from other ________ takes a really long time to reach us. 50. China’s Mars Rover Zhurong ________ Mars successfully and sent back many valuable photos. 【答案】41. illness 42. felt 43. competitions 44. taken 45. communication 46. awful 47. mixes 48. impossible 49. galaxies 50. reached 【解析】 【41题详解】 句意：去看医生，他会告诉你生病的原因。空缺前“your”为形容词性物主代词，空缺处需填写名词，根据“Go to see the doctor”可知，此处表示去看医生，医生会告诉你生病的原因，应填illness。 【42题详解】 句意：这床感觉不太硬也不太软，所以我昨晚睡得很好。空格后“too hard or too soft”为形容词，在句子中作表语，空格处需填写系动词，feel符合语境。根据“I had a good sleep last night”可知，句子需用一般过去时，应填felt。 【43题详解】 句意：到目前为止你参加过哪些类型的比赛？根据“What kinds of”可知，空格处需填写名词，且根据“have you entered”可知，此处表示到目前为止参加过哪些类型的比赛，应填competition的复数形式competitions。 【44题详解】 句意：你最近上了多少节钢琴课？根据空格前“have you”可知，空格处需填写动词的过去分词，结合“How many piano lessons”可知，此处表示上了多少节钢琴课，应填taken。 【45题详解】 句意：简的妈妈和老师沟通良好，所以她很清楚女儿在学校的情况。空格前“good”为形容词，空格处需填写名词，根据“so she knows well how her daughter does at school”可知，简的妈妈和老师沟通良好，应填communication。 【46题详解】 句意：发音听起来很奇怪，我觉得很糟糕。空格前“it is”为主语和系动词，空格处需填写形容词作表语，根据“The pronunciation sounds strange”可知，awful“糟糕的”符合语境。 【47题详解】 句意：肖恩经常把国际音标和拼音混在一起。空格处需填写动词，在句子中作谓语动词，“often”提示句子需用一般现在时，主语Sean为第三人称单数，谓语动词也需用第三人称单数。根据“IPA with pinyin”可知，肖恩经常把国际音标和拼音混在一起，应填mixes。 【48题详解】 句意：尽力去做吧。心之所愿，无事不成。空格处需填写形容词，结合“Nothing is...willing heart.”可知，此处表示心之所愿，无事不成，应填形容词impossible。 【49题详解】 句意：来自其他星系的光要花很长时间才能到达我们这里。根据空格前“other”可知，空格处需填写名词复数，结合“Light”可知，此处表示来自其他星系的光，应填galaxies。 【50题详解】 句意：中国的火星车“祝融号”成功到达火星并传回了许多宝贵的照片。空格前“China’s Mars Rover Zhurong”为句子中主语，空格处为谓语动词，且“sent back”提示，空格处需用一般过去时。根据空格后“Mars successfully”可知，此处表示中国的火星车“祝融号”成功到达火星，应填reached。 B. 完成句子 根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子，每空限填一词。（本题有10个空格，每个空格0.5分，共5分） 51. Jim has a runny nose because he ________ ________ ________ (感冒). 【答案】 ①. has ②. a ③. cold 【解析】 【详解】句意：吉姆流鼻涕是因为他感冒了。感冒的固定搭配是have a cold，根据前文has可知，时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，故填has；a；cold。 52. Mum ________ ________ ________ (量体温) to see if I had a fever. 【答案】 ①. took ②. my ③. temperature 【解析】 【详解】句意：妈妈给我量了体温，看我是否发烧了。“量体温”的固定搭配是take one’s temperature。根据从句“if I had a fever”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，因此主句谓语动词需用一般过去时。 53. Scientists haven’t found any life on other planets in our ________ ________ (太阳系). 【答案】 ①. Solar ②. System 【解析】 【详解】句意：科学家尚未在我们的太阳系中的其他行星上发现任何生命。“太阳系”是一个专有名词，其英文为“solar system”，专有名词首字母通常大写，故填Solar；System。 54. The audience are ________ ________ (倒数) the last 10 seconds of the basketball game. 【答案】 ①. counting ②. down 【解析】 【详解】句意：观众们正在为篮球比赛的最后10秒倒计时。句中“are”提示本句为现在进行时，需用“be+现在分词”结构；“倒数”对应的固定短语是count down，其现在分词形式为counting down。 五、写作（本题分为A、B两部分，共20分） A. 短文填空 根据所给的单词首字母，写出完整的单词。答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。 Have you got a check-up in the hospital? It doesn’t mean that you go to see a doctor because you are ill. In fact, a c____55____ happens when you’re feeling well and is sometimes called the “well-child” visit because you’re healthy. Get it? It offers a chance to your parents to talk with the doctor about your daily f____56____ and nutrition. And it gives you a chance to ask any q____57____ you might have about your health. You might want to find out what causes a fever or how to handle (处理) a c____58____. A check-up may start when a nurse calls you f____59____ the waiting room. Maybe she will start by checking your weight and height, as w____60____ as your b____61____. She may examine your head, heart, legs, and other parts, then record your temperature. All of the check-up results will go into your medical notes s____62____ the doctor can review them later. The doctor will discuss the findings and m____63____ sure your body is in excellent c____64____. 【答案】55. check-up##heck-up 56. food##ood 57. questions##uestions 58. cold##old 59. from##rom 60. well##ell 61. body##ody 62. so##o 63. make##ake 64. condition##ondition 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“健康检查”的概念、内容及流程，帮助读者理解即使在没有生病的情况下进行体检的意义。 【55题详解】 句意：事实上，健康检查发生在你感觉良好的时候，有时被称为“健康儿童”访问，因为你是健康的。根据首字母及前文“check-up”和“you’re feeling well”可知，此处指“健康检查”。根据空前的不定冠词a可知，此处用单数形式。故填check-up。 【56题详解】 句意：它给父母提供了一个与医生谈论你日常饮食和营养的机会。根据首字母及并列词“nutrition”（营养）可知，此处指日常“食物”。daily food“日常饮食”。 【57题详解】 句意：它也给了你一个机会去问任何你可能想问的关于健康的问题。根据首字母及语境“ask any...you might have about your health”可知，此处指“问题”。此处表泛指，用复数形式。 【58题详解】 句意：你可能想知道是什么引起发烧，或者如何处理感冒。根据首字母及前文“a fever”可知，此处指另一种常见疾病“感冒”。根据空前的“a”可知，此处用单数形式。 【59题详解】 句意：体检可能从护士把你从候诊室叫进来开始。根据“the waiting room”以及首字母提示可知，此处指从候诊室叫进来，from“从……”，符合语境。 【60题详解】 句意：也许她会从测量你的体重和身高开始，还有你的身体。根据首字母及短语“as...as”可知，此处为固定搭配as well as，意为“也、以及”。 【61题详解】 句意：也许她会先检查你的体重和身高，以及你的身体。根据“checking your weight and height”以及首字母提示可知，此处指检查身体。 【62题详解】 句意：所有的检查结果都会记录在你的病历中，以便医生以后可以查看。根据“All of the check-up results will go into your medical notes...the doctor can review them later.”可知，此处指检查结果记录在病历中，以便医生以后查看，so“以便”，引导目的状语从句。 【63题详解】 句意：医生会讨论检查结果，并确保你的身体状况良好。根据“The doctor will discuss the findings”以及首字母提示可知，此处指确保身体状况良好，make sure“确保”，固定短语，will后接动词原形。 【64题详解】 句意：医生会讨论检查结果，并确保你的身体状况良好。根据“The doctor will discuss the findings and make sure your body is in excellent...”以及首字母提示可知，此处指身体状况良好，in excellent condition“状况良好”，固定短语。 B. 书面表达（满分15分） 65. 请根据要求完成短文写作，并把作文写在答题卡指定的位置上。 假设你是Daming，你的英国笔友Tony不久前生病了，请根据内容提示写信给他表示慰问。 内容： 1. 问候近况；前不久自己也生病了（原因）； 2. 分享三个健康生活方式； 3. 祝愿。 要求： 1. 词数80—100词； 2. 文中不能出现真实学校及学生姓名； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Hi Tony, I’m so glad to hear from you. I heard that ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Daming 【答案】例文 Hi Tony, I’m so glad to hear from you. I heard that you were sick recently. I’m sorry to hear that. I also caught a cold last month because of the changing weather. To stay healthy, I’d like to share three tips. First, do exercise regularly to keep fit, like running or playing basketball. Second, we should have a balanced diet. Eat more vegetables and fruit instead of junk food. Third, get enough sleep every night. I believe these habits will help you feel better soon. I hope you recover quickly and stay healthy. Yours, Daming 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：书信体应用文（慰问信） 明确要点：问候近况并说明自己也曾生病 → 分享三个健康生活方式 → 表达祝愿 确定时态：一般过去时（描述自己生病）、一般现在时（分享健康建议）、一般将来时（表达祝愿） 确定人称：第一人称（I/my）、第二人称（you/your） 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称；词数80-100词；开头结尾已给出 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：表达听说对方生病后的关心，简述自己也曾生病的经历及原因（承接已给出的开头） 主体段：分三点分享健康生活方式，可用Firstly/Secondly/Thirdly或First/Second/Third等连接词 结尾段：表达祝愿，希望对方早日康复 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：问候近况 + 自己也曾生病 表达关心：I’m sorry to hear that./I felt worried when I heard the news. 自己生病的经历：I also caught a cold/had a fever last week/last month 生病原因：because of the changing weather/staying up late/too much homework 要点二：分享三个健康生活方式 建议一（运动）：do exercise regularly/take a walk after dinner/play sports like running or basketball 作用：keep fit/build up a strong body 建议二（饮食）：have a balanced diet/eat more vegetables and fruit/drink more water 作用：get enough vitamins/stay away from junk food 建议三（作息）：get enough sleep/go to bed early/avoid staying up late 作用：feel energetic the next day/help your body recover 要点三：表达祝愿 I hope you will get better soon. I believe these habits will help you feel better. Wish you a quick recovery and good health. Looking forward to hearing that you are well again. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025学年第二学期初中八年级英语科第一次课堂作业 （笔试部分） 一、语法选择（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从所给的A、B、C项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When I was a little boy, I always ran outside to play for a few hours on weekends. Then I came back home. ____1____ lovely the house smelt! ____2____ my favorite Italian bread with butter (黄油) on the table. My Italian grandma was making our Sunday dinner. We ____3____ also have meatballs, sometimes potatoes and sometimes chicken. I remember we all got together. Then we ate with laughter and joy. I always felt so ____4____ and safe there. We always ate dinner with happy hearts. As I got older and became an adult (成年人), I tried to cook something like Grandma’s Sunday dinners ____5____. Often I would get very close to making a dinner like hers, ____6____ it was never quite right. Then I got to know I was doing something wrong. Although I was trying to bring back a taste, what I really wanted ____7____ was to bring back a feeling. Those dinners that my grandma prepared were so wonderful. But that’s not ____8____ most important. What really matters is the feeling of love. Grandma always put her love into her cooking and her life. Later in my life, I kept doing my ____9____ to do the same. No matter what I am cooking or what I am doing, I always try to do it ____10____ love. 1. A. What B. What a C. How 2. A. It was B. There was C. There were 3. A. should B. must C. could 4. A. peace B. peaceful C. peacefully 5. A. me B. mine C. myself 6. A. but B. and C. so 7. A. doing B. to do C. do 8. A. a B. an C. the 9. A. good B. better C. best 10. A. with B. for C. about 二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 I was 38 when I became the first Chinese person to go into space on the Shenzhou-5, on October 15, 2003. It made China the third country to ____11____ send people into space with a manned spacecraft-after the U.S. and Russia. Being the first one, I realized (意识到) that I would take risks if I went into space. Even I thought I would not make it back ____12____. When the rocket ____13____ to a height of about 30-40 kilometers above the ground, I felt it began to shake. There were “strange knocking ____14____” from outside the spacecraft that made my ears uncomfortable. Then a(n) ____15____ happened. It seemed something was shaking my body. It made my heart beat ____16____. I thought I was going to die. The painful moment ____17____ for 26 seconds. When it was finally over, I felt like I had been reborn. After ____18____ from space, I reported the accident and the scientists solved the problem before Shenzhou-6 set off. So everything went well when Nie Haisheng ____19____ his spacesuit (太空服) and flew into space during his first trip to space. A number of new technologies have also been used in the cabin (机舱) later, such as space Wi-Fi, phones and many kinds of space _____20_____ to eat. Spacemen can also hold several Tiangong classes. 11. A. usually B. rudely C. successfully D. personally 12. A. asleep B. alone C. alive D. away 13. A. landed B. lifted C. fell D. dreamed 14. A. sounds B. words C. videos D. games 15. A. storm B. meeting C. accident D. story 16. A. lower B. better C. faster D. higher 17. A. stopped B. lasted C. flew D. looked 18. A. leaving B. starting C. reaching D. returning 19. A. held on B. called on C. tried on D. put on 20. A. messages B. services C. foods D. games 三、阅读理解（本大题有20小题，共40分） A配对阅读 阅读下面短文，从短文所给的六个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺连贯，意思完整。 Joel Sartore is a well-known photographer working for National Geographic. ____21____ During this time, he met a National Geographic photographer who encouraged him to submit photos to the magazine. ____22____ This small opportunity later led to longer projects. Joel believes that ____23____, such as scientific knowledge or the ability to work in extreme environments like diving under ice. Nowadays, ____24____ due to advanced technology and free high-quality photos online. For young photographers, Joel gives important advice: ____25____—practice in various conditions, study others’ work, stay curious, and focus on making a positive impact rather than chasing money. A. Buy expensive equipment to improve photo quality. B. Photography jobs are becoming more competitive. C. Photographers need special skills beyond taking photos. D. Success requires hard work and meaningful goals. E. He began his career at a newspaper. F. His first job there lasted only one day. B阅读理解 阅读A、B两篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 A Eyes are important and help us see the world. However, China has 700 million people who have myopia (近视) and the rate (比率) of myopic children is very high. Why do children get myopia? ●If a child spends over 7 hours a week on computers or mobile phones, he may have myopia. ●Fewer outdoor activities increase the risk of getting myopia. ●Parents who have myopia may have a myopic child. ________ Tip 1: Eat eye-healthy food It’s true that carrots which are rich in Vitamin A are good for your eyes! In fact, food rich in Vitamins C and E, and many kinds of fruit and vegetables can help keep your eyes healthy. Eating eye-healthy food like fish can also help protect your eyes! Tip 2: Choose a good reading environment Try not to read while riding in a car or walking. Do not read in places with weak or strong light. Do not read while lying down. Tip 3: Give your eyes a rest The heavy use of a smart phone and a computer may hurt your eyes. Try using the 20-20-20 rule throughout the day: every 20 minutes, look away from the screens and look at somewhere about 20 feet in front of you for 20 seconds. This reduces eye stress (压力) and helps your eyes feel better at the end of the day. 26. Which can show the change in the number of myopic children? A. B. C. D. 27. Which of the following can be put in “________”? A. Where should children have fun? B. Why should children do sports? C. When should children read? D. What should children do? 28. How often should we take breaks from the screens? A. Every 10 minutes. B. Every 20 minutes. C. Every half an hour. D. Every 40 minutes. 29. What can we learn from the passage? ① Causes for myopia. ②The rate of Chinese myopic kids in 2024. ③Right food for myopic kids. ④Hospitals to treat myopia. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 30. In which unit of a textbook can we read this passage? A. Unit1 Beauty of Nature B. Unit 2 Sports World C. Unit 3 The Importance of Environment D. Unit 4 Ways to Keep Healthy B The Sun and the Moon are different. We often think that the Sun rules the day and the Moon rules the night. That is not totally right. The Sun shines all the time. It shines during the day when we see it, and even at night when we don’t. As the Earth turns, sometimes we face the Sun, and that’s when we get day. Sometimes we are in the Earth’s shadow, and that’s when we get night. When people on the opposite side of the Earth face the Sun, those people have day while we have night. The Moon is a different story. Unlike the Sun, it doesn’t make its own light. Moonlight is actually the Sun’s light reflecting (反射) off the Moon back to us. The Sun lights up only the side of the Moon that faces the Sun. At the Full Moon, the Moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the Sun. Then the side of the Moon facing the Earth is all lit up. During the Full Moon, the Moon rises around sunset, shines all night, and sets around sunrise. Since the moonlight is bright, you can sometimes see it during the day too. A few days before the Full Moon, if you look east in the afternoon, you may see the Moon in the sky. After the Full Moon, you may find it if you look west in the morning. The Moon is most difficult to see at the New Moon, when its orbit (轨道) puts it between the Earth and the Sun. Then, the side of the Moon facing the Earth is dark and we can’t see the Moon at all. 31. What can we know about the Sun? A. The Sun rules the Moon. B. The Sun shines during both day and night. C. The Sun lights up all the sides of the Moon. D. The Sun shines everywhere on the Earth at the same time. 32. Which of the following dictionary definitions best matches the underlined word “shadow” in Paragraph 3? ① the shape of the Earth ② the force from the Sun ③ the dark area on the Earth ④ the opposite side of the Sun A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④ 33. What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A. How the Moon makes its light. B. Why there is day and night on the Earth. C. Why the Moon can be seen during the day. D. What the difference between the Full Moon and the New Moon is. 34. Which picture shows us the New Moon? A. B. C. D. 35. What is the theme of the passage? A. History. B. Science. C. Health. D. Sports. C 阅读回答问题 阅读短文，根据短文内容用完整的句子回答下列问题。答案写在答题卡相应位置上。 When we talk about stress (压力), it’s usually about adults (成人). People hardly think about children’s stress. However, in primary schools in the UK, Tai Chi is used to help children get over the stress. Paul White has given classes of Chinese kung fu at hundreds of schools. “Children are under great stress from their parents. They are worried, but they don’t know what to do with it,” he said. “Nobody teaches you how to cut down stress and make yourself free of it.” Mr. White has been travelling around primary schools and giving courses of Tai Chi in the past ten years. But he said that with more people paying attention to the importance of mental (精神的) health and physical health in recent years, the classes have become much more popular. Mr. White usually teaches children aged four to eleven and runs a special course before the test. After taking part in this special course, many children said that they not only felt less stressed during the test but also could control their feelings. The form of exercise, Tai Chi, is now used because it’s good for health. “Tai Chi is better than yoga”, Mr. White said. 36. Why is Tai Chi taught in primary schools in the UK? ________________________________________________ 37. Who is children’s stress mainly from? ________________________________________________ 38. How long has Mr. White given courses of Tai Chi in primary schools? ________________________________________________ 39. How old are the children Mr. White usually teaches? ________________________________________________ 40. What does Mr. White think of Tai Chi and yoga? ________________________________________________ 四、词汇基础（本大题分为A、B两部分，共10分） A. 选词填空 选择所提供词汇的正确形式填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。选项中有两项为多余选项。 feel, weak, competition, Germany, mix, reach, galaxy, possible, communicate, take, ill, awful 41. Go to see the doctor and he will tell you the cause of your ________. 42. The bed ________ not too hard or too soft so I had a good sleep last night. 43. What kinds of ________ have you entered so far? 44. How many piano lessons have you ________ recently? 45. Jane’s mum has good ________ with teachers so she knows well how her daughter does at school. 46. The pronunciation sounds strange. I think it is ________. 47. Sean often ________ IPA with pinyin. 48. Try your best and just do it. Nothing is ________ to a willing heart. 49. Light from other ________ takes a really long time to reach us. 50. China’s Mars Rover Zhurong ________ Mars successfully and sent back many valuable photos. B. 完成句子 根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子，每空限填一词。（本题有10个空格，每个空格0.5分，共5分） 51. Jim has a runny nose because he ________ ________ ________ (感冒). 52. Mum ________ ________ ________ (量体温) to see if I had a fever. 53. Scientists haven’t found any life on other planets in our ________ ________ (太阳系). 54. The audience are ________ ________ (倒数) the last 10 seconds of the basketball game. 五、写作（本题分为A、B两部分，共20分） A. 短文填空 根据所给的单词首字母，写出完整的单词。答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。 Have you got a check-up in the hospital? It doesn’t mean that you go to see a doctor because you are ill. In fact, a c____55____ happens when you’re feeling well and is sometimes called the “well-child” visit because you’re healthy. Get it? It offers a chance to your parents to talk with the doctor about your daily f____56____ and nutrition. And it gives you a chance to ask any q____57____ you might have about your health. You might want to find out what causes a fever or how to handle (处理) a c____58____. A check-up may start when a nurse calls you f____59____ the waiting room. Maybe she will start by checking your weight and height, as w____60____ as your b____61____. She may examine your head, heart, legs, and other parts, then record your temperature. All of the check-up results will go into your medical notes s____62____ the doctor can review them later. The doctor will discuss the findings and m____63____ sure your body is in excellent c____64____. B. 书面表达（满分15分） 65. 请根据要求完成短文写作，并把作文写在答题卡指定的位置上。 假设你是Daming，你的英国笔友Tony不久前生病了，请根据内容提示写信给他表示慰问。 内容： 1. 问候近况；前不久自己也生病了（原因）； 2. 分享三个健康生活方式； 3. 祝愿。 要求： 1. 词数80—100词； 2. 文中不能出现真实学校及学生姓名； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Hi Tony, I’m so glad to hear from you. I heard that ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Daming 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $