精品解析：广东省佛山市南海区里水中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期6月英语核心素养镇统考试题

2023-2024学年第二学期八年级学科核心素养监测 英语科 说明：全卷共5节，总分100分；监测时间为60分钟。 一、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Can you always notice what is going on around you? Sometimes the smallest things in our life can give us a lesson. My wife, daughter and I moved into our home nine years ago and we spent a lot of time and energy working in our ___1___ to make it look like what it is today. We called this area our “rock garden” because there were so many rocks. The yard looked much ___2___ after a clean-up of wild grass. Then we started to grow plants and flowers and ___3___ them carefully. Last summer, I walked to the end of the rock garden and noticed a tiny plant that I couldn’t immediately tell what it was. I knew I didn’t ___4___ it and my wife said that she didn’t either. But how did it come out? We just let it grow until we could ___5___ what it was. Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the plant, I found it became ___6___. To my surprise, it was a Sunflower. As I pulled rocks from it, I noticed ___7___ else. The Sunflower didn’t start its growth from the bottom of its stalk (茎). It actually began under a big rock and grew under and around the rock to ___8___ the sun. Suddenly I got to know something. “Even a little Sunflower could still find its way to grow when facing such a big rock. Then we are also able to do the same thing when we have ___9___ time.” Just like the Sunflower, forget how bad the environment is, stand tall and be ___10___ of yourself. Then you will find a path to get through all the difficulties. 1. A. home B. room C. yard D. area 2. A. more traditional B. more natural C. older D. tidier 3. A. looked for B. looked after C. looked through D. looked over 4. A. notice B. remember C. invite D. plant 5. A. find out B. look out C. take out D. try out 6. A. greener B. taller C. thinner D. shorter 7. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 8. A. hold B. reach C. catch D. touch 9. A. good B. fantastic C. hard D. mad 10. A. sorry B. happy C. nervous D. proud 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在花园中发现一株向日葵从岩石下生长出来的故事，通过这个故事，作者鼓励人们在面对困难时保持自信，找到解决办法。 【1题详解】 句意：九年前，我和妻子、女儿搬进了我们的家，我们花了很多时间和精力在院子上，让它看起来像今天的样子。 home家；room房间；yard院子；area地区。根据“The yard looked much tidier after a clean-up of wild grass.”可知，是花时间和精力在院子上。故选C。 【2题详解】 句意：清理完野草后，院子看起来整洁多了。 more traditional更传统；more natural更自然；older更老；tidier更整洁。根据“after a clean-up of wild grass”可知，清理完杂草后院子变得更整洁。故选D。 【3题详解】 句意：然后我们开始种植植物和花朵，并细心照顾它们。 looked for寻找；looked after照顾；looked through浏览；looked over检查。根据“grow plants”可知，是细心照顾植物。故选B。 【4题详解】 句意：我知道我没有种它，我妻子说她也没有。 notice注意；remember记住；invite邀请；plant种植。根据“a tiny plant”可知，是没有种植。故选D。 【5题详解】 句意：我们只是让它生长，直到我们发现它是什么。 find out发现；look out当心；take out取出；try out试用。根据“we could...what it was”可知，是我们发现它是什么。故选A。 6题详解】 句意：几周过去了，当我回到那株植物时，我发现它变得更高了。 greener更绿；taller更高；thinner更瘦；shorter更矮。根据“Weeks passed”可知，几周过去了植物应该变高了。故选B。 【7题详解】 句意：当我从它周围搬走石头时，我注意到了别的东西。 everything所有事物；anything任何事物；something某事物；nothing没有。根据“As I pulled rocks from it, I noticed...else.”可知，是搬走石头时，注意到了某些别的东西。故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：它实际上在一块大岩石下开始生长，在岩石下方和周围生长，到达太阳。 hold持有；reach到达；catch抓住；touch触摸。根据“the sun.”可知，是到达太阳。故选B。 【9题详解】 句意：然后，当我们遇到困难时，我们也可以做同样的事情。 good好的；fantastic好极了；hard困难的；mad疯狂的。根据“forget how bad the environment is,”可知，是当我们遇到困难时。故选C。 10题详解】 句意：就像向日葵一样，忘记环境有多糟糕，挺直腰板，为自己感到自豪。 sorry抱歉；happy高兴的；nervous紧张的；proud自豪的。根据“stand tall”可知，应表达为自己感到自豪。故选D。 二、阅读理解（共25题；每小题2分，共50分） 阅读A、B、C、D四篇短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 A King’s Colleve Summer School is an annual (年度) training program for high school students at all levels who want to improve their English. Courses are given by the teachers of King’s College and other colleges in New York. Students will also have trips to museums and culture centres. This year’s summer school will be from July 25 to August 15. More information is as follows: Application (申请) date: Students in New York should send their applications before July 18, 2024. Students of other cities in the US should send their applications before July 16, 2024. Foreign students should send their applications before July 10, 2024 Courses: English language Spoken English: 22 hours Reading and Writing: 10 hours American History: 16 hours American Culture: 16 hours Steps: A letter of self-introduction A letter of recommendation (推荐) The letters should be written in English with all necessary information. Cost: Daily lessons: $200 Sports and activities: $100 Travels: $200 Hotel service: $400 You may choose to live you’re your friends or relatives in the same city. Please write to: Thompson, Sanders 1026 King’s Street, New York, NY 10016, USA Email to: KC-Summer-School@ yahoo.com 11. The training program mainly helps high school students to ________. A. speak and write English B. learn American culture C. learn American history D. improve students’ English 12. Han Lei is from Beijing. He has to send his applications ________. A. before July 10, 2024 B. before July 25, 2024 C. before July 18, 2024 D. before July 16, 2024 13. The summer training program includes all of the following EXCEPT ________. A. doing a part-time job B. taking courses C. having sports D. travelling 14. If you want to live at a relative’s home in New York, you will have to pay the school ________. A. $200 B. $400 C. $500 D. $900 15. You can most probably read the text in _________. A. a newspaper B. a travel guide C. a text book D. a telephone book 【答案】11. D 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇有关语言学校广告。包括日期、费用、课程等一些信息。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据“King’s Colleve Summer School is an annual (年度) training program for high school students at all levels who want to improve their English.”可知，该培训项目主要帮助高中生提高英语水平。故选D。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据表格中的“Foreign students should send their applications before July 10, 2014”可知，北京对于纽约来说，属于外国，所以推知北京的学生应该在2014年7月10日前发送申请。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中的“Daily lessons”、“Sports and activities”以及“Travels”可知，暑期培训计划包括上课、做运动和旅行，不包括做兼职。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据表格中的“Cost: Daily lessons: $200; Sports and activities: $100; Travels: $200”可知，如果住在亲戚家，只需花费200+100+200=500美元。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，本文是一则有关语言学校的广告，故可推知，本文可能出现在报纸上。故选A。 B Why do we have tears when we cry? Scientists have tried to answer this question for centuries. Till now, one thing is clear. There are three different kinds of tears. They are basal tears（基底眼泪）, reflex tears（反射眼泪）and emotional tears. Strong feelings such as joy, sadness, fear and other emotional states may cause tears. Tears are easy to appear. Your eyes produce tears all the time. In fact, you make 15 to 30 gallons（加仑）of tears each year. Being moved by a moving movie, being away from home for the first time or seeing a loved friend off can all cause tears. “The value of tears may be more important than its physical effects（作用）.” Says Dr. Bylsma. He has done lots of studies on crying. He found out that people would feel better after crying if they get help when they cry. Tears give people a new way of understanding what is wrong. It is common that some people may cry when they find they are wrong. After crying, people can throw away bad things from the body. What’s more, crying can make people more relaxed. But people who try to hold back their tears or cry without tears are not helpful to feel better after crying. So next time when you want to cry, just do it. 16. What have scientists studied for centuries? A. What causes tears when we cry? B. Where do tears come from? C. How do we stop people from crying? D. Why are tears important for people’s body? 17. What does the underlined word “emotional” in the first paragraph mean in Chinese? A. 环境的 B. 情绪的 C. 身体的 D. 态度的 18. Which of the followings can cause tears? ① Being moved by a movie. ② Sleeping too much at night. ③ Saying goodbye with a loved friend. ④ Meeting a stranger on the street. ⑤ Being away from home for the first time A. ①③④ B. ②③④ C. ①②④ D. ①③⑤ 19. What can we know from the passage? A. People will be happy after they cry. B. Everyone makes 30 gallons of tears a day. C. Holding back tears isn’t good for people. D. It is not common that some people may cry when they find they are wrong. 20. Which can be the best title for this passage? A The Value of Tears B. The Three Kinds of Tears C. The Advantages of Tears D. The Introduction of Tears 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要科普了眼泪的种类和价值。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Why do we have tears when we cry? Scientists have tried to answer this question for centuries. ”可知，哭泣时为什么有眼泪这个问题研究了好几个世纪，故选A。 【17题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“They are basal tears（基底眼泪）, reflex tears（反射眼泪）and emotional tears.”和“Strong feelings such as joy, sadness, fear and other emotional states may cause tears.”可知，后文介绍喜悦、悲伤、恐惧和其他情绪状态可能会导致眼泪，因此划线部分指“情绪的”，故选B。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Being moved by a moving movie, being away from home for the first time or seeing a loved friend off can all cause tears.”可知，被一部感人的电影感动，第一次离开家，或者为心爱的朋友送行，都会让人流泪。故选D。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。根据“But people who try to hold back their tears or cry without tears are not helpful to feel better after crying.”可知，那些试图忍住眼泪或哭而无泪的人并不能帮助他们在哭后感觉好起来，因此忍住眼泪对健康不利，故选C。 【20题详解】 最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了眼泪的种类、眼泪的价值，故选D。 C When we go to our beaches to enjoy Australia’s sun and sand, we’ re continuously reminded of the need to wear a shirt, a hat, and sunscreen. But we need also to pay attention to the resident birds that nest (筑巢) on our beaches and the migratory shorebirds (迁徙的滨鸟) that arrive every year from the north. We have 18 kinds of resident shorebirds that spend all their lives in Australia, eating and breeding (繁殖) here on our beaches. But at least 37 other kinds move to Australia in spring and early summer. For most, a one-way trip from the north is some 10,000-13,000km. Some of them are smaller than the adult human hand! After making the arduous journey here, migratory shorebirds increase in weight by eating the food on the beaches. These migratory birds are very sensitive (敏感的) to disturbance (干扰). Continual disturbance can stop them from finding enough food for their journey home. Some young birds and those that do not have the energy to make the return journey will stay here over winter. Resident shorebirds face a number of different problems. Cats and dogs take adult birds as well as baby birds and eggs. Signs are often in place on the beaches to let people know of the presence of shorebirds, advising them to keep away from marked areas and to keep pets under control. Sadly, the advice is not always followed. Organizations and volunteers who find shorebird nests in open areas often place a cage (笼子) over the nest, which lets the birds come and go from the nest, but keeps larger animals out. 21. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To discover causes. B. To compare facts. C. To introduce the main topic. D. To share the writer’s story. 22. What can be learned about the shorebirds in Australia? A. They are mostly from the south. B. They live in Australia all year long. C. There are 18 kinds of migratory shorebirds. D. There are more of them in spring than in winter. 23. What. does the underlined word “arduous” mean? A. Hard. B. Successful. C. Safe. D. Impossible. 24. What can happen to birds as a result of disturbance? A. they get lost. B. They get hungry. C. They get caught. D. They get cold. 25. Which of the following may be a sign mentioned in the last paragraph? A. B. C. D. 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讨论了澳大利亚海滩上的本地鸟类和迁徙滨鸟的保护问题。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据“But we need also to pay attention to the resident birds that nest (筑巢) on our beaches and the migratory shorebirds (迁徙的滨鸟) that arrive every year from the north.”可知，本段是为了要介绍“”要注意在海滩上筑巢的留鸟和每年从北方抵达的迁徙滨鸟”的话题。故选C。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据“But at least 37 other kinds move to Australia in spring and early summer.”及“Some young birds and those that do not have the energy to make the return journey will stay here over winter.”可知，很多鸟类在春季和初夏迁往澳大利亚，一些小鸟和那些没有精力返程的小鸟将在这里度过冬天，由此可知，澳大利亚的滨鸟春天比冬天要多。故选D。 【23题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“For most, a one-way trip from the north is some 10,000-13,000km. Some of them are smaller than the adult human hand! After making the arduous journey here, migratory shorebirds increase in weight by eating the food on the beaches”可知，从北方来的单程旅行大约是10000-13000公里，这对于这些鸟类是很艰难的，故推出划线部分arduous意为“艰难的”。故选A。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Continual disturbance can stop them from finding enough food for their journey home.”可知，持续的骚乱会阻止它们找到足够的食物回家，因此它们会挨饿。故选B。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Signs are often in place on the beaches to let people know of the presence of shorebirds, advising them to keep away from marked areas and to keep pets under control.”可知，海滩上经常设置标志，建议人们让宠物远离标记区域，并控制宠物，与选项D图片对应。故选D。 D If you are teaching English or another language, you might find your ideas are challenged. There might be different opinions of your role, which can result in misunderstandings. So what should you look out for when teaching student that are from different cultures from your own? Lauren, a teacher, wanted to make her lessons meet her learners’ needs and interests. She started to ask the students what they’d like to do on the course. One of the learners asked “Shouldn’t it be your job to tell us what we need and what we should be doing?” On the other side of the earth, Ron was facing the same problem. He believed that learners remember information best when they teach each other. So he had them take turns to give the lesson while he watched from the back of the room. A group of learners did not understand him and said he was not a good teacher. The role of education is changing, and so is the role of the teacher. Some believe that the traditional role of the teacher as a knowledge transmitter (传播者) is out of date, and that teachers should instead encourage learning, by helping learners to learn by themselves and to think seriously about the information they find. Some, however, prefer to see the teacher as the expert (专家) who is good enough to tell their learners what should be learned and what they should do to learn it. Lessons are teacher-centered in this situation, a time for learners to listen and learn. By talking about your ways and discussing the reasons behind the decisions you make, you can help learners understand how they might benefit from your choices. 26. What did Lauren ask her students? A. What kind of teacher they liked. B. What they preferred to learn in class. C. What courses they were interested in. D. What difficulty they had in taking the course. 27. Why were some learners dissatisfied with Ron? A. He didn’t do his teaching. B. He didn’t stand in the front. C. He didn’t walk in the classroom. D. He didn’t deal with any problems. 28. What is the traditional role of a teacher? A. To teach students think seriously. B. To change students’ view of life. C. To pass knowledge on to students. D. To guide students in self-study. 29. What do some people think of teachers in teacher-centered classrooms? A. They respect students’ choices. B. They ask students lots of questions. C. They decide what to learn in class. D. They develop lesson plans together with students. 30. What does the writer try to do in the last paragraph? A To offer help. B. To ask for advice. C. To compare ideas. D. To make a suggestion. 【答案】26. B 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了一些教师“以学生为中心”的教学法遭到质疑，作者建议教师说明选择特定教学方法背后的原因，以及采用这些方法的好处。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据“She started to ask the students what they’d like to do on the course.”可知，她是想知道学生们想在课堂学什么。故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据“So he had them take turns to give the lesson while he watched from the back of the room. A group of learners did not understand him and said he was not a good teacher.”可知，一些学生认为他不是好老师，是因为他们认为他没有教学。故选A。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Some believe that the traditional role of the teacher as a knowledge transmitter (传播者) is out of date,”可知，传统老师的角色是知识的传播者。故选C。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Some, however, prefer to see the teacher as the expert (专家) who is good enough to tell their learners what should be learned and what they should do to learn it.”可知，有些人认为教师为中心的课堂应该是老师决定学什么。故选C。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据“By talking about your ways and discussing the reasons behind the decisions you make, you can help learners understand how they might benefit from your choices.”可知，作者是提出了建议。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 E Al Larson is also known as the "Bluebird Man". He first began his work of love after he read a passage in National Geographic. _____31_____ Then he started to fix up little boxes that could serve as homes for bluebirds. His work is helpful. It shows building birdhouses can help to control their falling populations. At first, he started the work as a hobby to spend time in his retirement(退休). ____32____After almost forty years of experience, he has recorded over 30,000 bluebirds, thanks to the 350 birdhouses that he has built across southwest Idaho. He often travels over 5,000 miles to check on all of his boxes during the summer nesting season. _____33_____ Their population began to drop after the invention of the electric chainsaw(链锯)in the 1920s. It made it easier for people to cut down dead trees. Cutting down dead trees broke bluebirds' homes. The use of pesticides(农药)caused an uncertain future for the bluebirds in Idaho. _____34_____ It has shown us that if we take a moment to understand the needs of a kind of animal, we'll find a way to deal with the problem. Now that he is about 97 years old, Larson shows no signs of slowing down, what's more, his encouraging story has been turned into the Emmy award-nominated movie Bluebird Man. "Al is a living example of how much one person can achieve when he sets his mind on a task. But he's also an example of the advantages that a project like this can have for people, " filmmaker Matthew Podolsky said, "_______35_______" And they are truly the secret to his long. A. Bluebirds have given meaning to Al's life. B. It’s true that the work of Larson is successful. C. It's kind of good for bluebirds to live in zoos. D. However, he turned it into full-time work later. E. Bluebirds usually live in dead or nearly-dead trees. F. The population of Bluebirds has increased quickly. G. Larson saw a bluebird going in and out of a dead tree around his house. 【答案】31. G 32. D 33. E 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Al Larson保护拯救蓝鸟所付出的坚持不懈的行动，也表明如果一个人用心去做一件事，他会得到很大的成就。 【31题详解】 根据后句“Then he started to fix up little boxes that could serve as homes for bluebirds.”可知然后他开始整理一些小盒子，作为蓝鸟的家。可见上一句应该是说他看见一只蓝鸟在他房子周围的一棵死树上进进出出。所以才修理小盒子，为蓝鸟做家。故选G。 【32题详解】 根据所给空前句“At first, he started the work as a hobby to spend time in his retirement.”可知一开始，他把这项工作作为一种业余爱好，在退休后消磨时间。及所给空后一句“After almost forty years of experience, he has recorded over 30,000 bluebirds…”可知他经过近四十年的经验，他已经记录了超过30000只蓝鸟。可见他从事这一工作从开始作为消遣，到现在应该是他的全职工作。所以所给空应是表达他后来把它变成了全职工作。故选D。 【33题详解】 根据后句“Their population began to drop after the invention of the electric chainsaw(链锯)in the 1920s.”可知在20世纪20年代电锯发明后，蓝色知更鸟的数量开始下降。可以推测出上句应是说蓝色知更鸟的居住环境。故选E。 【34题详解】 根据“It has shown us that if we take a moment to understand the needs of a kind of animal, we'll find a way to deal with the problem.”可知它告诉我们，如果我们花一点时间了解一种动物的需要，我们就会找到解决问题的方法。可知上一句应是表达Al所作的一切对救助蓝色知更鸟是成功有效的。故选B。 【35题详解】 根据“Al is a living example of how much one person can achieve when he sets his mind on a task…”可知Al是一个活生生的例子，说明当一个人下定决心完成一项任务时，他能取得多大的成就。所以此处应是表达蓝鸟赋予了Al生命的意义。故选A。 三、短文填空（本大题有10小题，每小题 1.5分，共15 分） 阅读下面短文，并借助上下文补充所缺信息。每个空格只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的英语单词。把答案写在答题卡上。 Jiang Mengnan received the award of Person Touching China for 2021. Jiang was born in 1992 in Hunan Province. She is ____36____ unusual girl. Her world has been silent ____37____ she was six months old. She was deaf and couldn’t hear anything. ____38____ her parents didn’t give up teaching her. So Jiang learned ____39____ to read lips (嘴唇) from her parents. When she was old enough, she entered a primary school. She said it was ____40____ at first and she had problems in class. During lessons, teachers often wrote on the blackboard with their backs to the students. She ____41____ many lessons. She had to write down everything and study alone after class. Later, she could ____42____ up with her classmates. Her hard work made her become a ____43____ student. In 2011, she ____44____ university in Changchun and studied very hard. In 2020, she completed her doctor’s degree at Tsinghua University of Life Sciences. “I’m always thankful for the ____45____ I received from my parents, teachers and friends. They always took good care of me in the past,” Jiang said excitedly. In the future, she will continue with her study and do something for people in need. 【答案】36. an 37. since 38. However 39. how 40. difficult 41. missed 42. catch 43. top 44. entered 45. help 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了江梦南的励志故事。 【36题详解】 句意：她是个与众不同的女孩。空处泛指一个女孩，且unusual是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 【37题详解】 句意：从她六个月大的时候起，她的世界就一片寂静。根据“Her world has been silent...she was six months old.”可知，是从她六个月大的时候她的世界就一片寂静，用since引导时间状语从句。故填since。 【38题详解】 句意：然而，她的父母并没有放弃教她。根据“She was deaf and couldn’t hear anything...., her parents didn’t give up teaching her.”可知，前后是转折关系，独立成分，用however连接，句首字母大写。故填However。 【39题详解】 句意：于是江从父母那里学会了唇语。根据“learned...to read lips (嘴唇)”可知，是学会如何读唇语，how“怎样”。故填how。 【40题详解】 句意：她说刚开始很难，她在课堂上遇到了问题。根据“she had problems in class”可知，是一开始很难，difficult“困难的”，形容词作表语。故填difficult。 【41题详解】 句意：她错过了很多课。根据“She had to write down everything and study alone after class.”可知，她是错过了很多课，miss“错过”，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填missed。 【42题详解】 句意：后来，她可以赶上她的同学。根据“She had to write down everything and study alone after class”可知，她后来赶上了她的同学，catch up with sb“赶上某人”，情态动词could后面加动词原形。故填catch。 【43题详解】 句意：她的努力使她成为一名优等生。根据“she completed her doctor’s degree at Tsinghua University of Life Sciences.”可知，她是成了优等生，top“顶端的”，形容词作定语修饰名词student。故填top。 【44题详解】 句意：2011年，她进入长春大学，学习非常努力。根据“she...university in Changchun”可知，是她进入长春大学，enter“进入”，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填entered。 【45题详解】 句意：我总是感谢父母、老师和朋友们的帮助。根据“I’m always thankful for the...I received”可知，我是感谢大家提供的帮助，help“帮助”，不可数名词。故填help。 四、书面表达（1小题，满分20分） 46. 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇100词左右的英语短文。 Drowning (溺水) is among the 10 leading causes of death of children and young people in every area of the world. Tragedies are happening over and over again. To prevent them from growing further, we need to keep some safety tips in mind. ●Life jackets can be a lifesaver. Don’t use air-filled or foam (泡沫) toys. Instead, use life jackets. These toys are not life jackets and are not designed to keep swimmers safe. ●Don’t try to save drowning friends. It’s easy to get yourself into danger, and you might end up becoming a drowning victim (受害者) yourself. Saving someone drowning hand in hand with a few others can be even more dangerous. The “human chain” you form can easily break if one of you experiences any kind of tiredness, and one person can drag down the whole team. ●Know who can save a life. Now, knowing that you cannot really save a life, who should you ask for help? Lifeguards. It is because they are usually well-trained and know many life-saving methods. Therefore, if you see someone drowning, call a lifeguard at once. 急救知识是每个人都应该掌握的基本技能，这已经逐渐成为大家的共识。下周的校园安全教育周上，你将就这个话题发言。请你根据以下思维导图内容提示用英语写一篇短文，为此次发言做准备。 【写作要求】 （1）可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 （2）不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现真实校名和考生的真实姓名。 （3）语句连贯，词数100左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。 It’s very important for us students to learn some knowledge about first aid. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： It’s very important for us students to learn some knowledge about first aid. First aid knowledge can help us protect and even save ourselves and those around us in emergencies. Students should learn how to deal with wounds, such as cleaning and bandaging them properly. Also, learning what to do when someone has a sudden illness like fainting or a heart-attack is crucial. Schools can play a big role. They can invite doctors to give first-aid training courses regularly. Moreover, setting up first-aid corners in the school and posting first-aid posters can also effectively promote first-aid knowledge. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：写作要点已给出，可适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍学生学习急救知识的意义； 第二步，介绍学生应该学习哪些急救知识； 第三步，谈谈学校应如何普及和宣传急救知识。 [亮点词汇] ①help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事 ②deal with处理 ③play a big role起重要作用 [高分句型] ①Also, learning what to do when someone has a sudden illness like fainting or a heart-attack is crucial.(动名词作主语；when引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年第二学期八年级学科核心素养监测 英语科 说明：全卷共5节，总分100分；监测时间为60分钟。 一、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Can you always notice what is going on around you? Sometimes the smallest things in our life can give us a lesson. My wife, daughter and I moved into our home nine years ago and we spent a lot of time and energy working in our ___1___ to make it look like what it is today. We called this area our “rock garden” because there were so many rocks. The yard looked much ___2___ after a clean-up of wild grass. Then we started to grow plants and flowers and ___3___ them carefully. Last summer, I walked to the end of the rock garden and noticed a tiny plant that I couldn’t immediately tell what it was. I knew I didn’t ___4___ it and my wife said that she didn’t either. But how did it come out? We just let it grow until we could ___5___ what it was. Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the plant, I found it became ___6___. To my surprise, it was a Sunflower. As I pulled rocks from it, I noticed ___7___ else. The Sunflower didn’t start its growth from the bottom of its stalk (茎). It actually began under a big rock and grew under and around the rock to ___8___ the sun. Suddenly I got to know something. “Even a little Sunflower could still find its way to grow when facing such a big rock. Then we are also able to do the same thing when we have ___9___ time.” Just like the Sunflower, forget how bad the environment is, stand tall and be ___10___ of yourself. Then you will find a path to get through all the difficulties. 1. A. home B. room C. yard D. area 2. A. more traditional B. more natural C. older D. tidier 3. A. looked for B. looked after C. looked through D. looked over 4. A. notice B. remember C. invite D. plant 5. A. find out B. look out C. take out D. try out 6. A. greener B. taller C. thinner D. shorter 7. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 8. A. hold B. reach C. catch D. touch 9. A. good B. fantastic C. hard D. mad 10. A. sorry B. happy C. nervous D. proud 二、阅读理解（共25题；每小题2分，共50分） 阅读A、B、C、D四篇短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 A King’s Colleve Summer School is an annual (年度) training program for high school students at all levels who want to improve their English. Courses are given by the teachers of King’s College and other colleges in New York. Students will also have trips to museums and culture centres. This year’s summer school will be from July 25 to August 15. More information is as follows: Application (申请) date: Students in New York should send their applications before July 18, 2024. Students of other cities in the US should send their applications before July 16, 2024. Foreign students should send their applications before July 10, 2024 Courses: English language Spoken English: 22 hours Reading and Writing: 10 hours American History: 16 hours American Culture: 16 hours Steps: A letter of self-introduction A letter of recommendation (推荐) The letters should be written in English with all necessary information. Cost: Daily lessons: $200 Sports and activities: $100 Travels: $200 Hotel service: $400 You may choose to live you’re your friends or relatives in the same city. Please write to: Thompson, Sanders 1026 King’s Street, New York, NY 10016, USA Email to: KC-Summer-School@ yahoo.com 11. The training program mainly helps high school students to ________. A. speak and write English B. learn American culture C. learn American history D. improve students’ English 12. Han Lei is from Beijing. He has to send his applications ________. A. before July 10 2024 B. before July 25, 2024 C. before July 18, 2024 D. before July 16, 2024 13 The summer training program includes all of the following EXCEPT ________. A. doing a part-time job B. taking courses C. having sports D. travelling 14. If you want to live at a relative’s home in New York, you will have to pay the school ________. A. $200 B. $400 C. $500 D. $900 15. You can most probably read the text in _________. A. a newspaper B. a travel guide C. a text book D. a telephone book B Why do we have tears when we cry? Scientists have tried to answer this question for centuries. Till now, one thing is clear. There are three different kinds of tears. They are basal tears（基底眼泪）, reflex tears（反射眼泪）and emotional tears. Strong feelings such as joy, sadness, fear and other emotional states may cause tears. Tears are easy to appear. Your eyes produce tears all the time. In fact, you make 15 to 30 gallons（加仑）of tears each year. Being moved by a moving movie, being away from home for the first time or seeing a loved friend off can all cause tears. “The value of tears may be more important than its physical effects（作用）.” Says Dr. Bylsma. He has done lots of studies on crying. He found out that people would feel better after crying if they get help when they cry. Tears give people a new way of understanding what is wrong. It is common that some people may cry when they find they are wrong. After crying, people can throw away bad things from the body. What’s more, crying can make people more relaxed. But people who try to hold back their tears or cry without tears are not helpful to feel better after crying. So next time when you want to cry, just do it. 16. What have scientists studied for centuries? A. What causes tears when we cry? B. Where do tears come from? C. How do we stop people from crying? D. Why are tears important for people’s body? 17. What does the underlined word “emotional” in the first paragraph mean in Chinese? A. 环境的 B. 情绪的 C. 身体的 D. 态度的 18. Which of the followings can cause tears? ① Being moved by a movie. ② Sleeping too much at night. ③ Saying goodbye with a loved friend. ④ Meeting a stranger on the street. ⑤ Being away from home for the first time A. ①③④ B. ②③④ C. ①②④ D. ①③⑤ 19. What can we know from the passage? A. People will be happy after they cry. B. Everyone makes 30 gallons of tears a day. C. Holding back tears isn’t good for people. D. It is not common that some people may cry when they find they are wrong. 20. Which can be the best title for this passage? A. The Value of Tears B. The Three Kinds of Tears C. The Advantages of Tears D. The Introduction of Tears C When we go to our beaches to enjoy Australia’s sun and sand, we’ re continuously reminded of the need to wear a shirt, a hat, and sunscreen. But we need also to pay attention to the resident birds that nest (筑巢) on our beaches and the migratory shorebirds (迁徙的滨鸟) that arrive every year from the north. We have 18 kinds of resident shorebirds that spend all their lives in Australia, eating and breeding (繁殖) here on our beaches. But at least 37 other kinds move to Australia in spring and early summer. For most, a one-way trip from the north is some 10,000-13,000km. Some of them are smaller than the adult human hand! After making the arduous journey here, migratory shorebirds increase in weight by eating the food on the beaches. These migratory birds are very sensitive (敏感的) to disturbance (干扰). Continual disturbance can stop them from finding enough food for their journey home. Some young birds and those that do not have the energy to make the return journey will stay here over winter. Resident shorebirds face a number of different problems. Cats and dogs take adult birds as well as baby birds and eggs. Signs are often in place on the beaches to let people know of the presence of shorebirds, advising them to keep away from marked areas and to keep pets under control. Sadly, the advice is not always followed. Organizations and volunteers who find shorebird nests in open areas often place a cage (笼子) over the nest, which lets the birds come and go from the nest, but keeps larger animals out. 21. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To discover causes. B. To compare facts. C. To introduce the main topic. D. To share the writer’s story. 22. What can be learned about the shorebirds in Australia? A. They are mostly from the south. B. They live in Australia all year long. C. There are 18 kinds of migratory shorebirds. D. There are more of them in spring than in winter. 23. What. does the underlined word “arduous” mean? A. Hard. B. Successful. C. Safe. D. Impossible. 24. What can happen to birds as a result of disturbance? A they get lost. B. They get hungry. C. They get caught. D. They get cold. 25. Which of the following may be a sign mentioned in the last paragraph? A. B. C. D. D If you are teaching English or another language, you might find your ideas are challenged. There might be different opinions of your role, which can result in misunderstandings. So what should you look out for when teaching student that are from different cultures from your own? Lauren, a teacher, wanted to make her lessons meet her learners’ needs and interests. She started to ask the students what they’d like to do on the course. One of the learners asked “Shouldn’t it be your job to tell us what we need and what we should be doing?” On the other side of the earth, Ron was facing the same problem. He believed that learners remember information best when they teach each other. So he had them take turns to give the lesson while he watched from the back of the room. A group of learners did not understand him and said he was not a good teacher. The role of education is changing, and so is the role of the teacher. Some believe that the traditional role of the teacher as a knowledge transmitter (传播者) is out of date, and that teachers should instead encourage learning, by helping learners to learn by themselves and to think seriously about the information they find. Some, however, prefer to see the teacher as the expert (专家) who is good enough to tell their learners what should be learned and what they should do to learn it. Lessons are teacher-centered in this situation, a time for learners to listen and learn. By talking about your ways and discussing the reasons behind the decisions you make, you can help learners understand how they might benefit from your choices. 26 What did Lauren ask her students? A. What kind of teacher they liked. B. What they preferred to learn in class. C. What courses they were interested in. D. What difficulty they had in taking the course. 27. Why were some learners dissatisfied with Ron? A. He didn’t do his teaching. B. He didn’t stand in the front. C. He didn’t walk in the classroom. D. He didn’t deal with any problems. 28. What is the traditional role of a teacher? A. To teach students think seriously. B. To change students’ view of life. C. To pass knowledge on to students. D. To guide students in self-study. 29. What do some people think of teachers in teacher-centered classrooms? A. They respect students’ choices. B. They ask students lots of questions. C. They decide what to learn in class. D. They develop lesson plans together with students. 30. What does the writer try to do in the last paragraph? A. To offer help. B. To ask for advice. C. To compare ideas. D. To make a suggestion. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 E Al Larson is also known as the "Bluebird Man". He first began his work of love after he read a passage in National Geographic. _____31_____ Then he started to fix up little boxes that could serve as homes for bluebirds. His work is helpful. It shows building birdhouses can help to control their falling populations. At first, he started the work as a hobby to spend time in his retirement(退休). ____32____After almost forty years of experience, he has recorded over 30,000 bluebirds, thanks to the 350 birdhouses that he has built across southwest Idaho. He often travels over 5,000 miles to check on all of his boxes during the summer nesting season. _____33_____ Their population began to drop after the invention of the electric chainsaw(链锯)in the 1920s. It made it easier for people to cut down dead trees. Cutting down dead trees broke bluebirds' homes. The use of pesticides(农药)caused an uncertain future for the bluebirds in Idaho. _____34_____ It has shown us that if we take a moment to understand the needs of a kind of animal, we'll find a way to deal with the problem. Now that he is about 97 years old, Larson shows no signs of slowing down, what's more, his encouraging story has been turned into the Emmy award-nominated movie Bluebird Man. "Al is a living example of how much one person can achieve when he sets his mind on a task. But he's also an example of the advantages that a project like this can have for people, " filmmaker Matthew Podolsky said, "_______35_______" And they are truly the secret to his long. A. Bluebirds have given meaning to Al's life. B. It’s true that the work of Larson is successful. C. It's kind of good for bluebirds to live in zoos. D. However, he turned it into full-time work later. E. Bluebirds usually live in dead or nearly-dead trees. F. The population of Bluebirds has increased quickly. G. Larson saw a bluebird going in and out of a dead tree around his house. 三、短文填空（本大题有10小题，每小题 1.5分，共15 分） 阅读下面短文，并借助上下文补充所缺信息。每个空格只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的英语单词。把答案写在答题卡上。 Jiang Mengnan received the award of Person Touching China for 2021. Jiang was born in 1992 in Hunan Province. She is ____36____ unusual girl. Her world has been silent ____37____ she was six months old. She was deaf and couldn’t hear anything. ____38____, her parents didn’t give up teaching her. So Jiang learned ____39____ to read lips (嘴唇) from her parents. When she was old enough, she entered a primary school. She said it was ____40____ at first and she had problems in class. During lessons, teachers often wrote on the blackboard with their backs to the students. She ____41____ many lessons. She had to write down everything and study alone after class. Later, she could ____42____ up with her classmates. Her hard work made her become a ____43____ student. In 2011, she ____44____ university in Changchun and studied very hard. In 2020, she completed her doctor’s degree at Tsinghua University of Life Sciences. “I’m always thankful for the ____45____ I received from my parents, teachers and friends. They always took good care of me in the past,” Jiang said excitedly. In the future, she will continue with her study and do something for people in need. 四、书面表达（1小题，满分20分） 46. 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇100词左右的英语短文。 Drowning (溺水) is among the 10 leading causes of death of children and young people in every area of the world. Tragedies are happening over and over again. To prevent them from growing further, we need to keep some safety tips in mind. ●Life jackets can be a lifesaver Don’t use air-filled or foam (泡沫) toys. Instead, use life jackets. These toys are not life jackets and are not designed to keep swimmers safe. ●Don’t try to save drowning friends. It’s easy to get yourself into danger, and you might end up becoming a drowning victim (受害者) yourself. Saving someone drowning hand in hand with a few others can be even more dangerous. The “human chain” you form can easily break if one of you experiences any kind of tiredness, and one person can drag down the whole team. ●Know who can save a life. Now, knowing that you cannot really save a life, who should you ask for help? Lifeguards. It is because they are usually well-trained and know many life-saving methods. Therefore, if you see someone drowning, call a lifeguard at once. 急救知识是每个人都应该掌握的基本技能，这已经逐渐成为大家的共识。下周的校园安全教育周上，你将就这个话题发言。请你根据以下思维导图内容提示用英语写一篇短文，为此次发言做准备。 【写作要求】 （1）可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 （2）不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现真实校名和考生的真实姓名。 （3）语句连贯，词数100左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。 It’s very important for us students to learn some knowledge about first aid. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$