专题03 Units5～6（语法综合练）英语新教材北师大版八年级下册

专题03 Units5~6（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、单项选择。 二、单句语法填空。 三、完成句子 四、语法填空。 五、语法选择 一．单项选择 1．My parents don’t allow me ________ TV on school nights. A．watch B．to watch C．watching D．watched 2．My teacher often encourages us ________ part in after-school activities. A．take B．to take C．taking D．took 3．The guide warned the tourists ________ alone in the forest at night. A．don’t go B．to go C．not to go D．not go 4．We should avoid ________ too much money on clothes. A．spend B．to spend C．spending D．spent 5．He suggested ________ a book about cross-cultural communication to learn more. A．read B．reading C．to read D.reads 6．We should stop ________ down so many trees. A．cut B．cutting C．to cut D.cuts 7．The volunteers are busy ________ food and water to the homeless people. A．give B．giving C．to give D．gave 8．When I was reading, I heard someone ________ outside. A．sing B．singing C．to sing D．sang 9．—________ beautiful the butterfly is! —Yes. Its wings are very nice. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 10．—After 20 years, Chinese soccer came back to the Asian Cup final. —________ exciting news! A．What an B．What C．What a D．How 11．There is little water in the bottle, ________? A．is there B．isn’t there C．is it D．isn’t it 12．Let’s go to the park, ________? A．will you B．won’t you C．shall we D．shan’t we 13．—Will you go to the park this afternoon?     —No, I ________ go there ________ my mum finishes her work. A．will; until B．won’t; when C．will; when D．won’t; until 14．________ we meet with, never give up working hard. This is the best way to improve ourselves. A．No matter what B．However C．Anywhere D．No matter how 15．________ many people dream of being famous, ________ not everyone achieves their dream. A．Although, but B．Although, / C．But, although D．But, / 16．She continues to read every night, ________ she is very busy with her homework. A．though B．because C．if D．unless 17．We can click the mouse ________ we can see the old buildings more clearly. A．so that B．such that C．in order to D．though 18．I like the movie star ________ is kind and always helps people in need. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 19．In Journey to the West, my favourite character is Wukong ________ keeps fighting to help the weak. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 20．This is the tree ________ gives us shade. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 21．We should learn to live in harmony with nature ________ it provides us with many resources. A．because B．although C．so D．but 22．________ it was raining heavily, the football match went on as planned. A．If B．Because C．Unless D．Although 23．________ you finish your homework, you can’t watch TV. A．As soon as B．Unless C．So that D．Such that 24．The story was ________ moving ________ many students cried while reading it. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．as; as 25．He is ________ a rude man ________ no one wants to make friends with him. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to 二．单句语法填空 1．He reminded me ________ (take) care of myself. 2．Teachers advise us __________ (not shut) ourselves away when we meet problems. 3．When it comes to my birthdays, I would like to invite my friends ________ (watch) a movie. 4．The doctor required my dad ________ (stop) smoking to improve his health. 5．My parents allow me ________ (use) mobile phones once a week. 6．We are looking forward to ________ (watch) the ballet. 7．It’s worth ________ (learn) more about body language. 8．She practices ________ (smile) every morning. 10．My aunt prefers ________ (walk) to taking a bus to school. 11．The members of the Eco Club were busy ________ (hand) out the leaflets to students. 12．When I passed by, I saw him ________ (read) a book under the tree. 13．There are many children ________ (read) quietly in the corner of the library. 14．Look at the duck. How ________ it is! It’s the ________ duck I have ever seen. (ugly) 15．How ________ (amaze) the Terracotta Army is! I really want to see it. 16．He never speaks Chinese, ________ (do) he? 17．Something is wrong with your computer, ________ (be) it? 18．No matter how long the road is, you _________ (reach) the end as long as you keep going. 19．The story tells us even when you ________ (go) wrong, it turns out right. 20．If you ________ (not sleep) well, you will feel tired. 21．“If we think too much, we ________ (not enjoy) ourselves during our stay in Wuxi.” Peter’s father says. 22．I wonder if he ________ (come) tomorrow. If he ________ (come) tomorrow, we will start the meeting on time. 23．He ________ (leave) the office while I ________ (talk) with my friend. 24．China is a country which ________ (have) a long history and colorful culture. 25．Abing is a musician who ________ (have) many great works. 26．My brother wants a mobile phone which ________ (take) good pictures. 三．完成句子 1．西安太有魅力了，以至于每年都有数百万游客前来。 Xi’an is ________ attractive ________ millions of visitors come here every year. 2．等我看完那本好读物时，我已经筋疲力尽，倒在床上就睡着了。 ________ I finished reading the good read, I ________ and crashed out on the bed. 3．他一回来我就会告诉他这个消息。 I ________ ________ him the news as soon as he ________ ________. 4．这本书如此有趣，以至于我读了三遍。 The book is ________ interesting ________ I have read it three times. 5．直到做完作业，他才看电视。 He ________ watch TV ________ he finished his homework. 6．我喜欢读关于历史的书。 I enjoy ________ books ________ are about history. 7．去年夏天，我去了一个坐落在我们省南部的山村旅游。 Last summer, I travelled to a mountain village ________ ________ ________ the south of our province. 8．在这个故事里，奥利弗是个父母已故的男孩。 In the story, Oliver is a boy ________ ________ have died. 9．它是我们的家园，也是目前已知唯一支持生命存在的星球。 It is our home and _________________________. 10．日期是明信片的重要组成部分，它告诉收信人你是什么时候写的。 The ________ is an important part of a postcard, ________ tells the recipient when you wrote it. 四．语法填空 A Global warming has become a serious problem around the world because over the years many countries have used too much coal and oil which 1 (pollute) the air, the land and the water on the Earth. To help solve the problem, the Chinese government decided to start using clean energy sources such as wind and solar power 2 (replace) coal and oil with the goal of 3 (achieve) carbon neutrality by 2060. In fact, China is already a leading country in the use of solar energy in the world. China produces one- 4 (three) of the world’s solar energy, and has the 5 (large) place to do it, in the Tengger Desert. The technology even enables the 6 (collect) of solar energy on cloudy days! China also produces 7 (much) energy from wind than any other country in the world. In 2021, China built more equipment for 8 (produce) electricity from wind than all the other countries in the world together! China has set a great example to the rest of the world in low-carbon technology. The achievements show that the country’s development in the field of clean energy has made a positive 9 (contribute) to the global transition towards 10 (clean) energy. B Many people ask me “What’s the best way to learn?” To tell the truth, there isn’t one correct answer. Different people have different 1 (learn) styles. Here are some of them. Some people learn 2 rules. They need rules and 3 (explain) to understand new materials. Once they find a rule and use it, they’ll learn 4 (good). However, some other people prefer learning by 5 (do). These people will learn better if they have the chance to use their hands or body. Some people learn by seeing or hearing. For those who learn by seeing, they can understand better once they see a picture, a table, or a real object. For those who learn by hearing, they like to listen to sounds and voices rather than just see or read. It is difficult for them to remember the information unless they listen to someone 6 (talk) about it. Some people prefer to learn alone while other people like to learn with others. For those who prefer to learn on 7 (they) own, they won’t feel comfortable unless they study by 8 (they) in a quiet room. Most people don’t have only one learning style, but they may prefer one style to another. We all learn in different ways, and it’s important to find out which way 9 (suit) you. By 10 (know) your own learning style, you can learn more effectively. 五．语法选择 Human activity is bringing a big risk to Mount Qomolangma. “Both climate change 1 microplastics (微塑料) are polluting the mountain and causing its ice to melt,” scientists say. The 2 mountain in the world is facing the problem of microplastics. A recent study found that the mountain is 3 these plastics, which are usually less than 5 millimeters in size. 4 can be found in many things, including the clothes, tents and ropes that are left behind by climbers. Microplastics take thousands of years to break down (降解) on their own. They are already known for bringing a 5 to sea animals. Now people are worried about the serious pollution in Qomolangma. Global warming is also influencing (影响) the 6 , as well as its climbers. Another study 7 that the glaciers (冰川) around Qomolangma are thinner than those in the 1960s. As the ice melts (融化), cracks in the ice are becoming deeper and more dangerous, bringing a risk to those who want to 8 the mountain, according to Global News. Landslides (山体滑坡) are also becoming more likely. There are many 9 of the mountain that are held together by just frozen rocks or permafrost (永久冻土). 10 the permafrost melts, the risk of landslides goes up. 1．A．or B．and C．but D．until 2．A．highest B．shortest C．youngest D．nearest 3．A．good for B．similar to C．full of D．kind to 4．A．You B．It C．We D．They 5．A．danger B．surprise C．friends D．help 6．A．land B．lake C．mountain D．river 7．A．looks up B．gets to C．cares for D．finds 8．A．draw B．climb C．cut D．make 9．A．parts B．pictures C．visitors D．years 10．A．Before B．When C．Although D．So 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 Units5~6（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、单项选择。 二、单句语法填空。 三、完成句子 四、语法填空。 五、语法选择 一．单项选择 1．My parents don’t allow me ________ TV on school nights. A．watch B．to watch C．watching D．watched 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我父母不允许我在上学的晚上看电视。 allow sb to do sth意为“允许某人做某事”，此处用动词不定式。 2．My teacher often encourages us ________ part in after-school activities. A．take B．to take C．taking D．took 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的老师经常鼓励我们参加课外活动。 固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 3．The guide warned the tourists ________ alone in the forest at night. A．don’t go B．to go C．not to go D．not go 【答案】C 【详解】句意：导游警告游客晚上不要独自去森林。 固定搭配warn sb. (not) to do sth. “警告某人（不要）做某事”。根据语境可知是警告不要独自去森林，不定式的否定形式是在to之前加not。 4．We should avoid ________ too much money on clothes. A．spend B．to spend C．spending D．spent 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们应该避免在衣服上花太多钱。 avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，此处填spend“花费”的动名词形式spending。 5．He suggested ________ a book about cross-cultural communication to learn more. A．read B．reading C．to read D.reads 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他建议读一本关于跨文化交流的书以了解更多。 suggest doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“建议做某事”，后接动名词作宾语。 6．We should stop ________ down so many trees. A．cut B．cutting C．to cut D.cuts 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们应该停止砍伐这么多树木。 stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做某事”。根据句意可知是停止砍伐树木这一行为，应用stop doing结构。应填cutting。 7．The volunteers are busy ________ food and water to the homeless people. A．give B．giving C．to give D．gave 【答案】B 【详解】句意：志愿者们正忙着给无家可归的人提供食物和水。 give给（原形）；giving给（现在分词）；to give给（动词不定式）；gave给（过去式）。根据固定搭配be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”，可知busy后接动词的-ing形式。故填giving。 8．When I was reading, I heard someone ________ outside. A．sing B．singing C．to sing D．sang 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我正在读书时，我听到有人正在外面唱歌。 hear sb. doing sth.表示“听到某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行；hear sb. do sth.表示“听到某人做了某事”。根据“When I was reading”可知，语境强调当时正在发生的动作，应用现在分词作宾补。 9．—________ beautiful the butterfly is! —Yes. Its wings are very nice. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这只蝴蝶多漂亮啊！——是的，它的翅膀非常好看。 What多么，常用来修饰名词；What a一个多么，修饰可数名词单数；How多么，常用来修饰形容词或副词；How a错误表达。根据“...beautiful the butterfly is!”可知，此句是感叹句，中心词是形容词“beautiful”，应用“How+形容词+主语+谓语”的结构，应填How。 10．—After 20 years, Chinese soccer came back to the Asian Cup final. —________ exciting news! A．What an B．What C．What a D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——时隔20年，中国足球重返亚洲杯决赛。——多么令人振奋的消息啊！ What an多么一个；What什么；What a多么一个；How怎样。中心词“news”是不可数名词，感叹句修饰名词应用“What”引导，且不可数名词前不加冠词a/an。结构为“What+ 形容词 + 不可数名词!”。应填What。 11．There is little water in the bottle, ________? A．is there B．isn’t there C．is it D．isn’t it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：瓶子里几乎没有水了，是吗？ 陈述部分含有否定词little，表示否定意义，遵循“前否后肯”原则，疑问部分要用肯定形式；There be 句型的反意疑问句主语仍用there。 12．Let’s go to the park, ________? A．will you B．won’t you C．shall we D．shan’t we 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们去公园吧，好吗？ Let’s开头的祈使句表示包括说话人在内的建议，反意疑问部分应用shall we。 13．—Will you go to the park this afternoon?     —No, I ________ go there ________ my mum finishes her work. A．will; until B．won’t; when C．will; when D．won’t; until 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——今天下午你会去公园吗？——不，直到我妈妈完成工作我才会去那里。 根据“No, I…go there…my mum finishes her work.”可知，我不会去公园，直到妈妈完成工作才去，not…until…是固定结构，表示“直到……才……”，此处需用否定形式won’t。 14．________ we meet with, never give up working hard. This is the best way to improve ourselves. A．No matter what B．However C．Anywhere D．No matter how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：无论我们遇到什么，永远不要放弃努力努力，这是提升我们自己最好的方式。 No matter what无论什么；However然而；Anywhere在任何地方；No matter how无论怎样。“meet with”后面需要接宾语，No matter what可以引导让步状语从句且在从句中作宾语，符合句子结构和语境，应填No matter what。 15．________ many people dream of being famous, ________ not everyone achieves their dream. A．Although, but B．Although, / C．But, although D．But, / 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然很多人都梦想成名，但并不是每个人都能实现自己的梦想。 Although虽然；but 但是。英语中although和but不能同时使用，句首需要引导让步状语从句的连词Although，第二个空无需填词。 16．She continues to read every night, ________ she is very busy with her homework. A．though B．because C．if D．unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她每天晚上都坚持阅读，尽管她忙着做作业。 though虽然，尽管；because因为；if如果；unless除非。根据“She continues to read every night”与“she is very busy with her homework”可知，前后句意存在让步关系，即：虽然作业忙但仍然坚持阅读，用though引导让步状语从句。 17．We can click the mouse ________ we can see the old buildings more clearly. A．so that B．such that C．in order to D．though 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们可以点击鼠标，这样就能更清楚地看到这些古老的建筑。 so that引导目的状语从句，后接完整句子；such that结构需such+名词+that；in order to后接动词原形；though引导让步状语从句。空后是完整句子，表目的，因此选so that。 18．I like the movie star ________ is kind and always helps people in need. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢那位善良且总是帮助有需要的人的电影明星。 which哪个，指物；who谁，指人，作主语或宾语；whom谁，指人，作宾语；whose谁的，指所属关系。先行词“the movie star”指人，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，因此应用who。 19．In Journey to the West, my favourite character is Wukong ________ keeps fighting to help the weak. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在《西游记》中，我最喜欢的角色是悟空，他不断战斗来帮助弱者。 who谁；whom谁；whose谁的；which哪一个。先行词是Wukong，指人，且关系代词在从句中作主语，应用who。 20．This is the tree ________ gives us shade. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这就是那棵给我们提供树阴。 who谁；which哪一个；whose谁的；whom谁。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词tree，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词which引导。 21．We should learn to live in harmony with nature ________ it provides us with many resources. A．because B．although C．so D．but 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该学会与自然和谐相处，因为它为我们提供了许多资源。 because因为；although尽管；so所以；but但是。前后句为因果关系，后句是前句的原因，应填because。 22．________ it was raining heavily, the football match went on as planned. A．If B．Because C．Unless D．Although 【答案】D 【详解】句意：尽管雨下得很大，足球比赛还是按计划进行。 If 如果；Because 因为；Unless 除非；Although 尽管；虽然，句中存在转折逻辑，即 “雨下得很大” 和 “比赛照常进行” 的让步关系，用Although引导让步状语从句。 23．________ you finish your homework, you can’t watch TV. A．As soon as B．Unless C．So that D．Such that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：除非你完成作业，否则你不能看电视。 As soon as一……就……；Unless除非……否则……；So that以便；Such that如此……以至于……。根据句意可知，完成作业是看电视的前提条件，否则不允许看。Unless引导条件状语从句，符合语境。 24．The story was ________ moving ________ many students cried while reading it. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．as; as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个故事如此感人，以至于许多学生在阅读时都哭了。 so...that如此……以至于，so后接形容词或副词；such...that如此……以至于，such后接名词；too...to太……而不能，后接动词原形；as...as和……一样。“moving”为形容词，且后半部分为从句，应用so...that结构。 25．He is ________ a rude man ________ no one wants to make friends with him. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他是一个如此粗鲁的人，以至于没有人想和他交朋友。 such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that... 表示“如此……以至于……”，such a rude man that... 符合结构。so that 结构为 so+形容词/副词+that，不与 a/an+名词直接连用；too to 表示“太……而不能”，句中无不定式；enough to 表示“足够……以至于”，不符合语义和结构。 二．单句语法填空 1．He reminded me ________ (take) care of myself. 【答案】to take 【详解】句意：他提醒我要照顾好自己。remind sb. to do sth. 表示 “提醒某人做某事”，固定搭配，此处需用take的不定式形式，故填to take。 2．Teachers advise us __________ (not shut) ourselves away when we meet problems. 【答案】not to shut 【详解】句意：老师建议我们遇到问题时不要把自己封闭起来。根据“advise us”提示，advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”，其否定形式为advise sb. not to do sth.“建议某人不要做某事”。shut的不定式否定形式是not to shut。 3．When it comes to my birthdays, I would like to invite my friends ________ (watch) a movie. 【答案】to watch 【详解】句意：说到我的生日，我想邀请我的朋友们看电影。根据“invite my friends”提示，invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”，后接动词不定式作宾语补足语。watch的不定式形式是to watch。 4．The doctor required my dad ________ (stop) smoking to improve his health. 【答案】to stop 【详解】句意：医生要求我爸爸戒烟来改善他的健康。句中动词required是require的过去式，其固定用法为 require sb. to do sth.，意为“要求某人做某事”，因此需用动词不定式形式，stop的不定式为to stop，符合语法与语境要求。 5．My parents allow me ________ (use) mobile phones once a week. 【答案】to use 【详解】句意：我的父母允许我一周使用一次手机。固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”，此处需要用动词不定式作宾语补足语，因此use要变为to use，符合句子语法及语境。 6．We are looking forward to ________ (watch) the ballet. 【答案】watching 【详解】句意：我们正期待着欣赏这场芭蕾舞。句中“looking forward to”为固定短语，意为“期待”，其中“to”是介词，其后接动词的动名词形式。“watch”的动名词形式为“watching”。 7．It’s worth ________ (learn) more about body language. 【答案】learning 【详解】句意：多了解肢体语言是很值得的。be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，空处需用动名词形式，learn的动名词形式为learning。 8．She practices ________ (smile) every morning. 【答案】smiling 【详解】句意：她每天早上练习微笑。固定搭配practice doing sth.意为“练习做某事”，所以需要将smile变为动名词形式。smile是以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，变动名词规则是去e加ing，因此填smiling。 10．My aunt prefers ________ (walk) to taking a bus to school. 【答案】walking 【详解】句意：我姑姑比起坐公交车去学校，更喜欢走路。prefer doing A to doing B“比起做B，更喜欢做A”是固定结构。此处应该用动名词形式walking。 11．The members of the Eco Club were busy ________ (hand) out the leaflets to students. 【答案】handing 【详解】句意：环保俱乐部的成员们正忙着给学生们分发传单。hand out意为 “分发、发放”，hand out leaflets 即 “分发传单”；根据固定搭配be busy doing sth.，意为 “忙于做某事”。 句中were busy后接动词时，必须使用动名词（-ing 形式）。 12．When I passed by, I saw him ________ (read) a book under the tree. 【答案】reading 【详解】句意：当我经过时，我看见他在树下看书。see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行，题干中“When I passed by”是过去的特定时间点，强调这个时间点看到“读书”这个动作正在发生，因此填read的现在分词形式reading。 13．There are many children ________ (read) quietly in the corner of the library. 【答案】reading 【详解】句意：有许多孩子正在图书馆的角落里安静地阅读。many children与read之间为主动关系，此处用现在分词作后置定语，修饰children，表示动作正在进行。 14．Look at the duck. How ________ it is! It’s the ________ duck I have ever seen. (ugly) 【答案】 ugly ugliest 【详解】句意：看那只鸭子。它真丑！这是我见过的最丑的鸭子。根据“it is”可知，第一空应该使用形容词原级；根据定语从句“I have ever seen”可知，第二空应该使用形容词最高级，“ugly”的最高级为“ugliest”。故填ugly，ugliest。 15．How ________ (amaze) the Terracotta Army is! I really want to see it. 【答案】amazing 【详解】句意：兵马俑是多么令人惊叹呀！我真地想要看它。amaze“使惊叹”，是动词。分析可知，句子为感叹句，由“is”可知，此处应填形容词，且形容“兵马俑”，为“物”，所以应填amazing“令人惊叹的”。 16．He never speaks Chinese, ________ (do) he? 【答案】does 【详解】句意：他从不说中文，是吗？根据“He never speaks Chinese”可知，此处是反意疑问句，遵循“前否后肯”原则，前句中“never”是否定词，所以后句用肯定形式；前句中“speaks”是实义动词，时态为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数“he”，所以后句用助动词does。故填does。 17．Something is wrong with your computer, ________ (be) it? 【答案】isn’t 【详解】句意：你的电脑出了点问题，是吗？根据“it”可知，此处为反意疑问句，反意疑问句的规则为“前肯后否，前否后肯”，前句“Something is wrong with your computer”为肯定句，反意疑问句应用否定句，又因前句为be动词的一般现在时，故填isn’t。 18．No matter how long the road is, you _________ (reach) the end as long as you keep going. 【答案】will reach 【详解】句意：无论路有多长，只要你坚持走下去，你就会到达终点。分析句子结构可知，本句包含由as long as引导的条件状语从句。在含有时间或条件状语从句的复合句中，通常遵循“主将从现”原则，即从句使用一般现在时，主句则需使用一般将来时will+动词原形。 19．The story tells us even when you ________ (go) wrong, it turns out right. 【答案】go 【详解】句意：这个故事告诉我们，即使你走错了路，结果也会变好。句中主语为you，在时间状语从句中用一般现在时，主语you对应的谓语动词用原形，应填go。 20．If you ________ (not sleep) well, you will feel tired. 【答案】don’t sleep 【详解】句意：如果你睡不好，你就会感到疲惫。句中 if 引导条件状语从句，遵循 “主将从现” 的语法规则，主句用一般将来时will feel，从句用一般现在时表将来。主语 you 是第二人称，变否定需借助助动词 don’t，后接动词原形 sleep，故填 don’t sleep。 21．“If we think too much, we ________ (not enjoy) ourselves during our stay in Wuxi.” Peter’s father says. 【答案】won’t enjoy 【详解】句意：“如果我们想太多，我们在无锡逗留期间就会玩得不开心。” 彼得的爸爸说。句中If we think about too much是 if 引导的条件状语从句，用了一般现在时表将来；根据 “主将从现” 的语法规则，主句需要用一般将来时，一般将来时的否定形式是won't + 动词原形，因此填won’t enjoy。 22．I wonder if he ________ (come) tomorrow. If he ________ (come) tomorrow, we will start the meeting on time. 【答案】 will come comes 【详解】句意：我想知道他明天是否会来。如果他明天来，我们就会按时开始会议。句子I wonder if he…(come) tomorrow.中，if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。时间状语tomorrow表示将来，宾语从句需用一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形，故填will come；句子If he…(come) tomorrow, we will start the meeting on time.中，if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”规则：主句we will start...用一般将来时从句If he...用一般现在时表示将来，主语he是第三人称单数，come的第三人称单数形式为comes，故填comes。 23．He ________ (leave) the office while I ________ (talk) with my friend. 【答案】 left was talking 【详解】句意：我正和朋友聊天的时候，他离开了办公室。主句的leave是短暂性动作，发生在过去，所以用一般过去时left；从句是while引导的过去正在进行的动作，所以用过去进行时，结构是was/were + doing，从句主语是I，所以填was talking。 24．China is a country which ________ (have) a long history and colorful culture. 【答案】has 【详解】句意：中国是一个历史悠久、文化丰富多彩的国家。先行词是a country（一个国家），为单数名词，定语从句中的关系代词which指代先行词，因此从句的谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式has。 25．Abing is a musician who ________ (have) many great works. 【答案】has 【详解】句意：阿炳是一位拥有许多伟大作品的音乐家。have“拥有”，为动词，此处为定语从句，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，关系词who指代先行词Abing (第三人称单数)，从句谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式has。故填has。 26．My brother wants a mobile phone which ________ (take) good pictures. 【答案】takes 【详解】句意：我弟弟想要一部拍照效果好的手机。分析句子可知，这句话是“which”引导的定语从句，先行词“a mobile phone”是第三人称单数，所以从句中谓语动词用三单形式“takes”。故填takes。 三．完成句子 1．西安太有魅力了，以至于每年都有数百万游客前来。 Xi’an is ________ attractive ________ millions of visitors come here every year. 【答案】 so that 【详解】原句中“太……以至于……”是关键结构，对应英语中表示结果的固定搭配“so...that...”；本句中“attractive”是形容词，“so”用来修饰形容词表程度，“that”引导结果状语从句。 2．等我看完那本好读物时，我已经筋疲力尽，倒在床上就睡着了。 ________ I finished reading the good read, I ________ and crashed out on the bed. 【答案】 By the time was tired out 【详解】原句中“等到……时”、“筋疲力尽”是关键词，表示“等到……时”的短语是by the time，句首单词首字母大写；表示“筋疲力尽”的短语是be tired out，主句主语为I，整个句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，故be动词用was。 3．他一回来我就会告诉他这个消息。 I ________ ________ him the news as soon as he ________ ________. 【答案】 will tell comes back 【详解】原句中“告诉”和“回来”是关键词。as soon as一……就，引导时间状语从句。通常情况下，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。主句主语为“I”，谓语“tell”用“will tell”；从句主语为“he”，谓语“comes back”用第三人称单数形式。因此第一空填“will tell”，第二空填“comes back”。 4．这本书如此有趣，以至于我读了三遍。 The book is ________ interesting ________ I have read it three times. 【答案】 so that 【详解】原句中“如此……以至于……”是关键词，对应的短语是so…that…，interesting是形容词，前面用so修饰，后接that引导结果状语从句。 5．直到做完作业，他才看电视。 He ________ watch TV ________ he finished his homework. 【答案】 didn’t until 【详解】原句关键是 “直到……才……”，对应的英语固定结构是 not...until...，句子时态为一般过去时。否定的一般过去时应使用助动词 did + not + 动词原形，第一空填 didn’t；until 引导时间状语从句。 6．我喜欢读关于历史的书。 I enjoy ________ books ________ are about history. 【答案】 reading that/which 【详解】原句中“读”是关键词，表示“读”的单词是read，固定搭配enjoy doing sth.，所以要用动词read的动名词形式reading。分析句子，第二个空格后是定语从句，先行词为books（指物），从句中缺少主语，因此第二个空可以用关系代词that或which。 7．去年夏天，我去了一个坐落在我们省南部的山村旅游。 Last summer, I travelled to a mountain village ________ ________ ________ the south of our province. 【答案】 which lies in 【详解】原句中“坐落在”是关键词，表示“坐落在”的短语是lie in；句中“a mountain village”是先行词，关系代词可用which，“山村坐落在我们省南部”是客观事实，定语从句应用一般现在时，且先行词为单数，动词lie应用三单形式lies，故填which；lies；in。 8．在这个故事里，奥利弗是个父母已故的男孩。 In the story, Oliver is a boy ________ ________ have died. 【答案】 whose parents 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“他的父母”。whose parents“他的父母”，根据“Oliver is a boy ... have died”可知，本句是一个定语从句，先行词是a boy，需要体现“男孩的父母”这一所属关系，需用关系代词whose，修饰名词parents。故填whose；parents。 9．它是我们的家园，也是目前已知唯一支持生命存在的星球。 It is our home and _________________________. 【答案】the only planet we know that supports life 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“目前已知唯一支持生命存在的星球”。空格前为“It is our home and”，其中and是并列连词，连接两个并列的成分，因此空格处需要填入与“our home”并列的结构，共同作is的表语，用来补充说明地球的身份，the only planet表示“唯一的行星”，名词短语与“our home”并列，补充说明地球的身份，后面再跟定语从句来解释是什么样的行星。we know意思是“我们所知道的”，是一个定语从句，修饰planet，关系代词在从句中作宾语，可以省略；that supports life意思是“支持生命的”，也是一个定语从句，同样修饰planet，其中that是关系代词，在从句中作主语，不能省略，定语从句要放在所修饰的名词之后。故填the only planet we know that supports life。 10．日期是明信片的重要组成部分，它告诉收信人你是什么时候写的。 The ________ is an important part of a postcard, ________ tells the recipient when you wrote it. 【答案】 date which 【详解】结合中英文提示及空格数可知，第一空缺“日期”，再结合be动词is可知，应用其名词单数形式date作主语；再分析句子结构及结合第二空后“…tells the recipient when you wrote it.”可知，前半句结构完整，后半句在解释说明日期的作用，则第二空应用which引导非限制性定语从句，用来补充说明先行词“the date”的附加信息。故填which。 四．语法填空 A Global warming has become a serious problem around the world because over the years many countries have used too much coal and oil which 1 (pollute) the air, the land and the water on the Earth. To help solve the problem, the Chinese government decided to start using clean energy sources such as wind and solar power 2 (replace) coal and oil with the goal of 3 (achieve) carbon neutrality by 2060. In fact, China is already a leading country in the use of solar energy in the world. China produces one- 4 (three) of the world’s solar energy, and has the 5 (large) place to do it, in the Tengger Desert. The technology even enables the 6 (collect) of solar energy on cloudy days! China also produces 7 (much) energy from wind than any other country in the world. In 2021, China built more equipment for 8 (produce) electricity from wind than all the other countries in the world together! China has set a great example to the rest of the world in low-carbon technology. The achievements show that the country’s development in the field of clean energy has made a positive 9 (contribute) to the global transition towards 10 (clean) energy. 【答案】1．pollute 2．to replace 3．achieving 4．third 5．largest 6．collection 7．more 8．producing 9．contribution 10．cleaner 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球变暖的现状及中国为实现碳中和，在风能、太阳能等清洁能源利用方面所做的努力与取得的成果。 1．句意：全球变暖已成为一个严重的问题，因为多年来许多国家使用了太多的煤炭和石油，这些煤炭和石油污染了地球上的空气、土地和水。pollute“污染”，是动词，在定语从句中作谓语。根据语境，句子时态为一般现在时，主语coal and oil为复数，所以此处应用原形。 2．句意：为了解决这个问题，中国政府决定开始使用风能和太阳能等清洁能源来取代煤炭和石油，目标是到2060年实现碳中和。replace“取代”，是动词，此处用不定式表目的，结构为to+动词原形。 3．句意：为了解决这个问题，中国政府决定开始使用风能和太阳能等清洁能源来取代煤炭和石油，目标是到2060年实现碳中和。achieve“实现”，是动词，介词of后接动词时，需要使用动名词形式，在词尾去e加ing。 4．句意：中国生产的太阳能占世界太阳能总量的三分之一，并且在腾格里沙漠拥有最大的 (太阳能) 应用场地。。three“三”，是基数词，由“one-”可知，此处表达“三分之一”，需要用其序数词third。 5．句意：中国生产的太阳能占世界太阳能总量的三分之一，并且在腾格里沙漠拥有最大的 (太阳能) 应用场地。large“大的”，是形容词，根据语境，这里需要用形容词的最高级形式，在词尾加st。 6．句意：这项技术甚至能在阴天收集太阳能。collect“收集”，是动词，根据“the...of”可知，此处应用其名词形式collection。 7．句意：中国生产的风能也比世界上任何其他国家都多。much“许多”，是形容词/副词，根据“than”可知，这里需要用其比较级more。 8．句意：2021年，中国建造的用于风能发电的设备比世界上所有其他国家加起来都多。produce“生产”，是动词，介词for后接动名词形式，在词尾去e加ing。 9．句意：这些成就表明，中国在清洁能源领域的发展为全球向更清洁能源转型做出了积极贡献。contribute“贡献”，是动词，形容词positive后需要接名词，所以用contribute的名词形式。 10．句意：这些成就表明，中国在清洁能源领域的发展为全球向更清洁能源转型做出了积极贡献。clean“清洁的”，是形容词，此处暗含比较含义，需要用其比较级形式，在词尾加er。        B Many people ask me “What’s the best way to learn?” To tell the truth, there isn’t one correct answer. Different people have different 1 (learn) styles. Here are some of them. Some people learn 2 rules. They need rules and 3 (explain) to understand new materials. Once they find a rule and use it, they’ll learn 4 (good). However, some other people prefer learning by 5 (do). These people will learn better if they have the chance to use their hands or body. Some people learn by seeing or hearing. For those who learn by seeing, they can understand better once they see a picture, a table, or a real object. For those who learn by hearing, they like to listen to sounds and voices rather than just see or read. It is difficult for them to remember the information unless they listen to someone 6 (talk) about it. Some people prefer to learn alone while other people like to learn with others. For those who prefer to learn on 7 (they) own, they won’t feel comfortable unless they study by 8 (they) in a quiet room. Most people don’t have only one learning style, but they may prefer one style to another. We all learn in different ways, and it’s important to find out which way 9 (suit) you. By 10 (know) your own learning style, you can learn more effectively. 【答案】1．learning 2．by 3．explanations 4．well 5．doing 6．talking 7．their 8．themselves 9．suits 10．knowing 【导语】本文主要介绍了多种不同的学习方式，涵盖了基于规则、实践操作、感官输入以及社交偏好等维度，旨在帮助读者识别适合自己的学习风格以提高学习效率。 1．句意：不同的人有不同的学习风格。原文中“styles”为名词，空处需用动词learn的动名词形式作定语，表示“学习方式”。 2．句意：有些人通过规则学习。根据句意，此处表示通过某种手段或方式，应用介词by“通过”。 3．句意：他们需要规则和解释来理解新材料。空处与名词“rules”由连词and连接构成并列宾语，需用动词explain的名词形式，且应使用复数形式与rules对应。 4．句意：一旦他们找到一条规则并使用它，他们就会学得好。此处需用副词修饰动词“learn”，形容词good对应的副词形式为well。 5．句意：然而，有些其他人更喜欢通过做来学习。介词“by”之后接动词作宾语，需使用其动名词形式，构成learning by doing“通过做来学习”。 6．句意：对他们来说，记住信息很困难，除非他们听某人谈论它。固定结构“listen to someone doing sth.”意为“听某人正在做某事”，此处强调听的过程。 7．句意：对于那些更喜欢独自学习的人来说，除非他们在安静的房间里独自学习，否则他们会感到不舒服。根据固定短语“on one’s own”意为“独自”可知，此处需填入they的形容词性物主代词their。 8．句意：对于那些更喜欢独自学习的人来说，除非他们在安静的房间里独自学习，否则他们会感到不舒服。根据固定短语“by oneself”意为“独自/独立地”可知，此处需填入they对应的反身代词themselves。 9．句意：我们都以不同的方式学习，找出适合你的方式很重要。从句主语“which way”表示单数概念，且全文陈述的是客观事实，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式suits。 10．句意：通过了解你自己的学习风格，你可以更有效地学习。位于句首介词“By”之后作宾语，动词需用-ing形式。 五．语法选择 Human activity is bringing a big risk to Mount Qomolangma. “Both climate change 1 microplastics (微塑料) are polluting the mountain and causing its ice to melt,” scientists say. The 2 mountain in the world is facing the problem of microplastics. A recent study found that the mountain is 3 these plastics, which are usually less than 5 millimeters in size. 4 can be found in many things, including the clothes, tents and ropes that are left behind by climbers. Microplastics take thousands of years to break down (降解) on their own. They are already known for bringing a 5 to sea animals. Now people are worried about the serious pollution in Qomolangma. Global warming is also influencing (影响) the 6 , as well as its climbers. Another study 7 that the glaciers (冰川) around Qomolangma are thinner than those in the 1960s. As the ice melts (融化), cracks in the ice are becoming deeper and more dangerous, bringing a risk to those who want to 8 the mountain, according to Global News. Landslides (山体滑坡) are also becoming more likely. There are many 9 of the mountain that are held together by just frozen rocks or permafrost (永久冻土). 10 the permafrost melts, the risk of landslides goes up. 1．A．or B．and C．but D．until 2．A．highest B．shortest C．youngest D．nearest 3．A．good for B．similar to C．full of D．kind to 4．A．You B．It C．We D．They 5．A．danger B．surprise C．friends D．help 6．A．land B．lake C．mountain D．river 7．A．looks up B．gets to C．cares for D．finds 8．A．draw B．climb C．cut D．make 9．A．parts B．pictures C．visitors D．years 10．A．Before B．When C．Although D．So 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．B 【原文】本文介绍了人类活动给珠穆朗玛峰带来的两大环境风险。 1．句意：气候变化和微塑料都在污染这座山，使其冰雪消融。 固定搭配both…and…“……和……都”，连接两个并列主语；or“或者”、but“但是”、until“直到”均不匹配both的用法。 2．句意：这座世界最高峰正面临微塑料污染的问题。 前文提到Mount Qomolangma(珠穆朗玛峰)，它是世界最高的山峰；shortest“最矮的”、youngest“最年轻的”、nearest“最近的”均与事实不符。 3．句意：最近的一项研究发现，这座山上遍布这些微塑料，其尺寸通常小于5毫米。 full of“充满，遍布”，贴合“微塑料污染珠峰”的语境；good for“对……有益”、similar to“与……相似”、kind to“对……友好”均语义不符。 4．句意：这些微塑料能在很多物品中被发现，包括登山者遗留的衣物、帐篷和绳索。 代词指代前文的these plastics(复数)，用They“它们”；You“你/你们”、It“它”、We“我们”均指代错误。 5．句意：众所周知，微塑料会给海洋生物带来危险。 固定搭配bring a danger to sb./sth.“给……带来危险”，贴合微塑料的危害属性；surprise“惊喜”、friends“朋友”、help“帮助”均语义相反。 6．句意：全球变暖也在影响着这座山，以及登山者们。 全文核心话题是珠峰mountain的环境问题，此处承接上文，指全球变暖对珠峰的影响；land“陆地”、lake“湖泊”、river“河流”均偏离主题。 7．句意：另一项研究发现，珠峰周边的冰川比20世纪60年代的更薄了。 finds“发现”，符合“研究得出结论”的语境；looks up“查阅”、gets to“到达”、cares for“照顾”均语义不符。 8．句意：据《环球新闻》报道，随着冰层不断融化，冰面的裂缝变得越来越深、危险性也越来越大，这给想要攀登这座山峰的人们带来了安全隐患。 climb the mountain“登山”，固定搭配，贴合“珠峰登山者”的语境；draw“画”、cut“切”、make“制作”均无此搭配。 9．句意：珠峰的许多区域仅由冻岩或永久冻土固定着。 parts“部分，区域”，指珠峰的山体部位；pictures“图片”、visitors“游客”、years“年”均语义不符。 10．句意：当永久冻土融化时，山体滑坡的风险就会上升。 When“当……时”，引导时间状语从句，贴合“冻土融化引发滑坡”的逻辑；Before“在……之前”、Although“虽然”、So“所以”均连接词逻辑不符。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $