Unit 5 Languages Around the World Reading and Thinking 分层同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

Reading and Thinking 一、必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.I developed the habit of thinking and solving problems with the help of 　　　　　　(refer) books.  2.I can offer some useful suggestions which 　　　　　　　　　　　　(base) on my own experience.  3.I would appreciate 　　　　　　if you could consider my application.  4.We went to London 　　　　　　(specific) to visit the British Museum.  5.Thanks for your contributions to the 　　　　　　(globe) fight against the epidemic.  6.The government is spending 　　　　　　(billion) of dollars on new urban rail projects. 7.It is known for its long history 　　　　　　(date) back 100 years ago.  8.Lectures on food will be given by some experts who major 　　　　　　the field.  9.Firstly,it’s important to have a positive attitude 　　　　　　exams.  10.There were many 　　　　　　(variety) of fruits:pears,apples,and lots more I just can’t think of. Ⅱ.短语填空 ups and downs,refer to,lead to,date back to,play a role in 1.You may 　　　　　　　　your notes if you want.  2.It is reported that the drought has 　　　　　　　widespread loss of life.  3.The history of using chopsticks in China 　　　　　　　　　　the Shang Dynasty,more than 3,000 years ago.  4.Can you talk a bit about how history 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　this project? 5.He has become more determined after going through so many 　　　　　　　　　　　　. Ⅲ.单句写作 1.不论发生什么,永远不要放弃或灰心丧气。 Never give up or lose heart 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  2.如果你尽早回信我将感激不尽。 I’d 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　me back as soon as possible. 3.中国功夫,一种传统的运动,拥有悠久的历史,被认为是我们国家的瑰宝。 Chinese kung fu,a traditional sport,has a long history and 　　　　　　　　　　　　our national treasure.  4.我的家庭传统让我意识到接受良好教育很重要。 My family tradition makes me aware that it is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to receive good education.  5.根据调查,反对这个计划的人占多数。 According to the survey,the people against the plan were 　　　　　　　　　　　　.  二、素养能力提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解 A All languages change over time.New vocabulary is often required for the latest inventions or ideas.But a language can also change for reasons that are not clear. Language changes whenever speakers communicate with each other.People from different places clearly speak differently,but even within the same small community,people speak differently depending on their age,origin,and social and educational background.When we communicate with these different speakers,in different situations,we hear new words and expressions,and can make them a part of our own speech.Even if your family has lived in the same area for generations,you can probably see a number of differences between the language you use and the way your grandparents speak.When enough time has passed,the influence of these changes becomes clearer. During the 18th century,Jonathan Swift,the Irish writer,and many other people felt the English language was in serious decline (衰落) and that a national organization—like those in France and Italy—should be created to save the language.Swift once wrote that we should find a way to stop our language from changing.Even today,we hear people complaining about a lack of “standards (标准)” in spoken and written English.New words and expressions,or changes in grammar,are often considered bad. More experts believe that change in language is unavoidable.Change is a way of keeping a language alive and useful,and gives speakers different ways of saying things with extremely small differences of meaning and ways of expressing completely new ideas.The organizations set up in France and Italy have had little success in reducing the amount of change in French or Italian. In 1747,Samuel Johnson wrote about his desire to write a dictionary that would fix the pronunciation of English and keep it pure (纯正的).But when he completed the dictionary ten years later,he admitted in his introduction that fixing a language was impossible.Like it or not,language is always changing and English will go on doing so in many creative and—to some people—annoying ways. 1.What can we learn from the second paragraph? A.Some people learn to speak better than others. B.The youth should learn from their grandparents. C.Language change is greatly influenced by people. D.Language changes little if people stay in the same place. 2.What does Jonathan Swift think of language change? A.He thinks it is hopeful. B.He thinks it is unclear. C.He agrees on the change. D.He doesn’t agree on the change. 3.Why did Samuel Johnson decide to write a dictionary? A.To create some new words. B.To include some foreign words. C.To keep English pure from changes. D.To record the changes in English. 4.What would be the best title for the text? A.Why does language change? B.Written English needs standards. C.Does language change influence society? D.How to protect the language. B In October,2019,Beijing Daily warned the youth that they shouldn’t let Internet slang (俚语) deepen the generation gap(代沟),after People Daily started a discussion on Chinese microblog Weibo on how to “explain” the youth’s Internet slang terms to parents.The post got 40,000 likes.People were commenting that they couldn’t keep up with the rapidly developing Internet lingo (术语)in China. People also fear that Chinese Internet slang will negatively influence broader linguistic(语言的) trends of Mandarin Chinese,in particular,the gradual taking-over of pinyin,the romanization of traditional Chinese characters using the Western alphabet.As pinyin gets widely used when people text or write on mobile phones or computers,while less and less people write characters by hand,people gradually forget how to write them,which is called “character amnesia” in China. 2019’s slang terms added a further simplification:the use of pinyin acronyms.“Awsl” in pinyin,for instance,means “Ah,wo si le (Oh,I’m gonna die)”,and is used if something is too cute or adorable.“Nsdd” stands for ni shuo de dui (you’re right). Certainly,as an age-old written language,Chinese has been evolving and developing over the years.But the Chinese Internet lingo is unlikely to replace the existing use of Mandarin Chinese,but will rather be enriching it by adding another layer. Acronyms aren’t new.They have appeared with the limited space available in early-generation cell-phone messaging.Some of them have become a part of the English language,such as BTW (by the way) and LOL (laugh out loud),while others had a rather short lifetime.That’s likely to be what’s going to happen with China’s Internet slang terms.Some are going to be old in a few weeks,while others might make it into mainstream use,and as they do,young net users are coming up with new slang words to differentiate themselves. In China,using Internet slang means belonging to a certain generation that likes to watch the same talk shows,play the same games,etc.,and therefore,creates unity.Older generations don’t have to feel left out,and certainly don’t have to fear a degradation (没落)of the Chinese language.While language development is unavoidable,Internet slang is not going to let 6,000 years of Chinese written language completely change overnight. 5.Why are the public worried about Chinese Internet slang abuse? A.It’s used by children to keep secrets from parents. B.It can cause confusion even among young people. C.It was invented in response to the limited messaging space. D.It will rarely have a positive effect on linguistic trends of Chinese. 6.How do Chinese Internet slang terms affect the Chinese language? A.They add variety to the language. B.They are replacing its traditional vocabulary. C.They make the language more global. D.They only have temporary effects on Chinese. 7.By using Internet slang in China,people may get 　　　.  A.a sense of purpose B.a sense of group identity C.a sense of cultural pride D.a sense of safety 8.Which could be the best title for the passage? A.Is Media Helping Older Generations Understand Internet Slang? B.Is Chinese Language too Powerful to Be Largely Affected? C.Is Mandarin Chinese Useful to Bridge the Generation Gap? D.Is Internet Slang Deepening the Generation Gap,Ruining Chinese? Ⅴ.七选五 Why learn English through the news? Learning English through the news is a great way to improve your vocabulary,listening and discussion skills.You can choose from written,audio(音频的),video and live TV news with options both online and offline.　1　  Clear English 　2　Their job is to give facts and summarize events for the public.English news can be easier for ESL (English as a second language) learners to understand because it has a clear context and presentation.  Latest information Modern news media is a constant stream of real-life English conversations and fresh information!　3　When you learn English through the news,you have the chance to find out what is happening in the world right now and to interact with stories through comments,social media and discussion.  Read,watch,and listen English news comes in many different forms and this gives you greater choice when learning the language.If you prefer reading,there are online newspapers and simpler news websites for ESL students.If you want to improve your listening and vocabulary skills,there are also TV news channels,YouTube videos,radio stations and podcasts(播客).　4　  Relevant(相关的) to you Fresh news is produced daily on every imaginable topic!　5　 All you have to do is look online!If you are not interested in politics and “serious”news,why not focus on sports news or the latest from the music scene?  A.Popular stories often appear in all of these forums. B.English news is worth including in your study plan for the following reasons. C.Even the word “news”comes from the Latin term“nova”,meaning “new things”. D.An effective way to learn English is by frequently watching English movies. E.Most journalists and newsreaders use Standard English and express themselves well. F.Most learners of English have difficulties understanding original newspapers and TV news. G.Whatever you like,you will always be able to find news articles and stories that are relevant to you. 参考答案 Ⅰ.1.reference　2.are based　3.it　4.specifically　5.global　6.billions　7.dating　8.in　9.towards/to　10.varieties Ⅱ.1.refer to　2.led to　3.dates back to　4.plays a role in　5.ups and downs Ⅲ.1.no matter what/whatever happens　2.appreciate your writing(=appreciate it if you could write)　3.is regarded as　4.of great importance(=very important)　5.in the majority Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言是不断变化的,并分析了其变化的原因。 1.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Language changes...can make them a part of our own speech.”可知,人们的说话方式会因年龄、出身、社会和教育背景的不同而不同。我们在与不同的人交流时会受到影响,语言也就发生了变化。所以语言的变化受人的影响很大。 2.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“During the 18th century...stop our language from changing.”可知,乔纳森·斯威夫特不赞同语言的变化。 3.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知,为了保持英语的纯正,让其不受变化的影响,塞缪尔·约翰逊决定编写一本词典。 4.A　主旨大意题。通读全文,结合第一段和第二段中“Language changes whenever speakers communicate with each other.”可知,文章提出语言是变化的,并分析了其变化的原因。所以“Why does language change?(为什么语言会变化?)”是文章最佳标题。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。网络俚语是否会加剧代沟?文章就此展开了论述。 5.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“People also fear... trends of Mandarin Chinese”可知,公众担心网络俚语是因为它很少对汉语的语言发展趋势产生积极的影响。 6.A　推理判断题。根据第四段中“But the Chinese Internet lingo... by adding another layer.”可知,网络用语对中文的影响是增加了语言的多样性,故选A项。 7.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知,在中国使用网络俚语会使人们获得群体认同感,故选B项。 8.D　主旨大意题。第一段第一句提到了网络俚语可能加深人们之间的代沟。最后一段最后一句提出,网络俚语不会毁灭汉语,所以文章主要围绕着网络俚语是否加剧代沟,毁灭汉语展开。这篇文章最好的题目是“网络俚语正在加剧代沟,毁灭汉语吗?”故选D项。 Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为什么要通过英语新闻来学习英语。 1.B　根据下文的小标题可知,选项总起下文,说明要通过英语新闻来学习英语的原因。故B项“英语新闻值得包括在你的学习计划中,原因如下。”切题。 2.E　根据下文“English news can be easier... has a clear context and presentation.”可知,大多数记者和新闻播音员使用标准且清晰的英语。故E项“大多数记者和新闻播音员使用标准英语,表达得很好。” 切题。 3.C　选项承接上文说明“news”这个词的来源和意义。故C项“甚至‘新闻’这个词也来自拉丁语‘nova’,意思是‘新事物’。”切题。 4.A　根据上文“If you want to improve your listening...”可知,选项与上文为并列关系说明获取新鲜事物的途径。故A项“受欢迎的故事经常出现在所有这些论坛上。”切题。 5.G　根据上文“Fresh news is produced daily on every imaginable topic!”以及下文“All you have to do... from the music scene?”可知,空前提到每天都有新鲜新闻。空后提到如果对政治和“严肃的”新闻不感兴趣,不如去关注体育新闻或者音乐圈的最新消息,故可知,空处内容应该会涉及你的新闻偏好。故G项“不管你喜欢什么,你总能找到与之相关的新闻文章和故事。”切题。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $