Unit4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking 同步练习- 2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking 一、必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.I learned how to adjust myself and stay 　　　　　(冷静的) in the exam.  2.We set out quickly as soon as our PE teacher blew his 　　　　　(哨子).  3.A water 　　　　　(管道) burst and the entire apartment was flooded.  4.We haven’t even reached the peak season,and the power is already in short 　　　　　(供应). 5.For a sudden heart failure,the best chance for 　　　　　　(存活) is having someone nearby do CPR quickly.  Ⅱ.用定语从句合并句子 1.Lu Xun’s works are considered great.We are familiar with the works. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 2.They’ll reach the sales goal in two months.At the beginning of the year they set the sales goal. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 3.I live next door to a couple.The couple’s children often make a lot of noise. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 4.The boy gave me the reason for his being late for class.The reason was reasonable. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 5.Education should be the most important thing.Parents are greatly concerned about it. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Ⅲ.用定语从句完成句子 1.那些留在避难所的人正在等待直升机运送物资。 Those 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　were waiting for the helicopter to deliver supplies. 2.每个人在面对紧急情况时都应保持镇定。 Everyone 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　should keep calm.  3.地震后,我们为无家可归的人提供了避难所和急救。 After the earthquake,we supplied shelters and first aid to the people 　　　　　　　　　. 4.撞击岩石的海浪把上面的一切都卷走了。 The waves 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　on the rocks swept away everything on them. 5.幸福是金钱买不到的东西之一。 Happiness is one of the things 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  二、素养能力提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解 Today,we have the ability to predict dangerous tornadoes(龙卷风),hurricanes(飓风),winter storms,and floods with more accuracy than ever.We know the areas that are likely to be struck by earthquakes,and the areas that are easily harmed by wildfires,and we can tell hours in advance whether a tsunami(海啸) will hit our shores. However,in spite of all the capabilities for advance warnings,Americans are still quite poor at preparing for these disasters.In a 2006 poll(民意调查) carried out by TIME Magazine,only 16% believed they were “well prepared” for the next one. A few weeks ago I was listening to NPR (National Public Radio) as I was cooking dinner,and I heard a moving story about a young boy,Noah Stewart,who lived through a tornado that hit his Alabama home. Noah was sucked up into the tornado and then dropped.He landed on his head first,a fall of such force that,under normal conditions,would have killed him.However,he survived because his mother made a quick decision to put a baseball helmet on his head right before the tornado hit.Noah was unhurt in the storm.But the helmet cracked(破裂) down the middle. The CDC states that they can’t say whether helmets save lives during a tornado impact(撞击).However,it still seems wise for anyone in a tornado-prone(可能的) area to keep several helmets at the ready.Any added protection is going to increase your chance of survival,and as Noah’s story clearly shows,helmets can save lives. You don’t have to buy new helmets—picking up used bicycle,football,or baseball helmets at economical stores and garage sales(旧货市场) can save money and keep your family protected. However,it’s necessary that you keep these helmets in an easily reachable place;they should not be used for any other purpose,as they may be misplaced.Remember,when a tornado hits,you might only have minutes—or even seconds—to find shelter.You don’t want to be running around the house,searching for those helmets. 1.What can we infer from paragraph 2? A.Americans are fearful of disasters. B.There are many disasters in America. C.Disasters are better predicted in America. D.Most Americans are not well prepared for disasters. 2.Why could Noah Stewart survive in the tornado? A.Because he stayed with his mother. B.Because he was brave in the tornado. C.Because he was well protected by a helmet. D.Because he was quick-minded in emergency. 3.What should you do to make the helmets function well? A.Put them at hand. B.Choose new ones. C.Use professional ones. D.Save money to buy expensive ones. 4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A.To ask us to prepare for the disasters. B.To warn us of the tornado impact. C.To advise us to keep helmets handy. D.To describe the moving story of a boy. Ⅴ.七选五 Unlike hurricanes or floods,earthquakes happen without warning and are usually followed by similar aftershocks,although the aftershocks are usually less powerful than the quake.If you find yourself in the middle of an earthquake,there’s often only a short time to decide what to do.　1　  •Drop to the ground.The drop,cover,and hold on technique is the cousin of the famous “stop,drop and roll” for fires.While it’s not the only method of protecting yourself indoors during an earthquake,it is the preferred method of the Red Cross.Big earthquakes occur without much,if any,warning.　2　 A small earthquake could turn into a big earthquake in a split-second;it’s better to be safe than sorry.  •Take cover.Get under a firm table or other piece of furniture.　3　 If there isn’t a table or desk near you,cover your face and head with your arms and crouch(蜷缩) in an inside corner of the building.  •Hold on.　4　 Hold on to whatever surface or platform you’ve gotten under and wait for the shaking to stop.If you were unable to find a surface to hide under,continue to keep your head protected by your arms and tucked(躲藏,隐藏) down low.  •　5　 Researchers have shown that most injuries happen when people try to change the place of hiding or when the place is crowded and everyone has a goal to get outside safe.  A.Stay inside until it’s safe to get out. B.In that case,move to the nearest safe place. C.Stairs are dangerous places to walk during an earthquake. D.So it’s recommended that you drop to the floor as soon as it hits. E.If possible,stay away from windows and anything that could fall. F.The ground may be shaking and pieces of wood or brick could be falling. G.Studying the following advice could be the difference between life and death. Ⅵ.完形填空 On 20 December,in Newdale,a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore.Worse still,it 　1　 thousands dead.Goldshore Beach was the only local beach to 　2　 the disaster without any loss of life.A 10-year-old girl,Sabrina Andron,helped around 100 people escape danger with her 　3　 of tsunamis.  The day began like any other on Goldshore Beach.People were walking,running or simply sitting on the sandy beach,　4　 the warm sea air and enjoying the soft 　5　 that brushed their hair.Sabrina was one of the happy tourists until she noticed something 　6　.“The water was like the bubbles(气泡) on the top of a beer,” she later explained.“It wasn’t 　7　 and it wasn’t going in and then out.It was just coming in and in and in.” It struck her that these were the 　8　 of an upcoming tsunami,which Sabrina had just learnt about in a Geography lesson.  Sabrina was 　9　,but she soon kept her head.She warned her parents of the 　10　,though at first they just thought she was 　11　.However,Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was 　12　 and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer.To her great relief,the officer 　13　 realized the coming danger.The beach was rapidly 　14　 of people,just before the huge waves 　15　 into the coast.  1.A.left B.brought C.affected D.led 2.A.recognize B.survive C.challenge D.quit 3.A.knowledge B.impression C.wisdom D.detail 4.A.making up B.taking in C.focusing on D.checking out 5.A.wind B.sunshine C.whistle D.wave 6.A.unique B.powerful C.strange D.attractive 7.A.narrow B.adventurous C.distant D.calm 8.A.signs B.damages C.effects D.results 9.A.embarrassed B.confused C.annoyed D.frightened 10.A.stress B.development C.danger D.credit 11.A.cheating B.debating C.helping D.joking 12.A.under control B.on hand C.on its way D.on schedule 13.A.actually B.anxiously C.immediately D.curiously 14.A.informed B.warned C.reminded D.cleared 15.A.slid B.crashed C.divided D.tapped Ⅶ.语法填空 Earthquakes Around the Pacific About 400 earthquakes occur worldwide every day,more than a hundred thousand in a year. China 1.　　　　　　　　　(situate) in one of the most active earthquake regions in the world and there have been many terrible earthquakes.The most serious 2.　　　　　 these occurred in Hua County in Shaanxi Province in 1556.The earthquake affected eight provinces in Central China.It covered an area of 800 square kilometres.In some communities 60 percent of the population were killed.3.　　　　　(total),830,000 people lost their lives. The California Earthquake of the 18th of April 1906 is the worst earthquake that has ever happened in the United States.It took place at 5:15 am,4.　　　　　 lasted for only a minute.However,it caused the worst 5.　　　　　(nature) disaster in the nation’s history.  Fires caused by the California Earthquake 6.　　　　　(do) the most damage.The fires burned for three days 7.　　　　　　　(destroy) a total of 25,000 buildings.About 500 people were killed in the city of San Francisco and 250,000 were made homeless.In the whole of California the earthquake and fires caused about 3,000 8.　　　　　(death).  9.　　　　　1906 earthquake was caused by a movement on the San Andreas Fault.One hundred years later,movements on the San Andreas Fault continue 10.　　　　　　 (cause) problems for the whole of California.  参考答案 Ⅰ.1.calm　2.whistle　3.pipe　4.supply　5.survival Ⅱ.1.Lu Xun’s works that/which we are familiar with are considered great. 2.They’ll reach the sales goal in two months that/which they set at the beginning of the year. 3.I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise. 4.The reason that/which the boy gave me for his being late for class was reasonable. 5.Education should be the most important thing that parents are greatly concerned about. Ⅲ.1.who stayed in the shelter　2.who faces an emergency 3.who became homeless　4.that/which were crashing 5.which/that money cannot buy Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过讲述一个叫诺亚的男孩,在龙卷风袭击时,妈妈给他头上戴了棒球头盔而使他幸存,充分说明对于灾难做好准备是必要的。 1.D　推理判断题。根据第二段可知,尽管拥有预警能力,但美国人在应对这些灾难方面仍然准备不足。 2.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中“However,he survived because...cracked down the middle.”可知,因为诺亚头上戴了一个棒球头盔,才使他在龙卷风中活了下来。 3.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段和最后一段中“it’s necessary that you keep these helmets in an easily reachable place”可知,头盔不需要买新的,使用二手的自行车、足球或棒球头盔可以节约钱。头盔必须要放在容易拿到的地方。 4.C　推理判断题。文章以男孩的故事为例，重点建议人们在易受龙卷风影响地区备好头盔并放在方便取用之处，这是作者的写作目的。 Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几条地震时该如何反应的建议。 1.G　上文“If you find yourself in the middle of an earthquake,there’s often only a short time to decide what to do.”说明身处地震中,决定该做什么的时间很短。G项承接上文,引出下文内容,符合题意。 2.D　本段标题句“Drop to the ground.”说明本段给出的建议是卧倒在地。D项中“drop to the floor”是关键短语,D项符合本段主旨。故选D项。 3.E　本段标题句“Take cover.”说明本段给出的建议是躲起来,以及上文“Get under a firm table or other piece of furniture.”说明躲起来时应注意的事项。E项继续介绍躲起来时的注意事项,符合题意。故选E项。 4.F　下文“Hold on to whatever surface or platform you’ve gotten under and wait for the shaking to stop.”说明要待在相对安全的地方,等待震动停止。F项解释下文动作的原因,符合题意。 5.A　下文“Researchers have shown that...has a goal to get outside safe.”说明大多数伤害发生在人们试图改变躲藏的地点或者每个人都想出去时。A项说明在确认安全之前待在里面,引出下文内容,符合题意。 Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个小女孩Sabrina Andron用自己的海啸知识帮助约100人逃离危险的故事。 1.A　根据“thousands dead”可知,地震带来的海啸造成了数千人死亡。 2.B　根据“without any loss of life”可知,金海岸海滩是在这场灾难中唯一幸存下来的海滩。 3.A　根据“It struck her that these were the 　　　of an upcoming tsunami,which Sabrina had just learnt about in a Geography lesson.”可知,Sabrina Andron用自己所学知识帮助约100人逃离海啸的危险。  4.B　make up组成;take in吸入;focus on集中;check out核查。根据“the warm sea air”可知,人们在沙滩上呼吸着温暖的海风。 5.A　根据“that brushed their hair”可知,沙滩上轻柔的微风吹拂着头发。 6.C　根据“The water was like the bubbles...coming in and in and in.”可知,Sabrina在海滩上注意到一些奇怪的事情。 7.D　根据“and it wasn’t going in and then out.It was just coming in and in and in.”可知,海水并不平静。 8.A　根据“which Sabrina had just learnt about in a Geography lesson.”可知,Sabrina意识到奇怪的事情是海啸即将到来的迹象。 9.D　根据“but she soon kept her head.”可知,Sabrina很害怕。 10.C　根据“though at first they just thought she was 　　　.”可知,Sabrina警告父母海啸来临的危险。  11.D　根据“She warned her parents of the 　　　”可知,父母以为Sabrina是开玩笑。故选D项。  12.C　under control得到控制;on hand在手边;on its way在路上;即将来临;on schedule按预定时间。根据“and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer”和“To her great relief,the officer 　　　realized the coming danger.”可知,Sabrina确信海啸即将来临。  13.C　根据“realized the coming danger”可知,安全员立刻意识到海啸即将来临的危险。 14.D　根据“To her great relief,the officer 　　　realized the coming danger”和常识可知,海啸即将来临,应尽快清空海滩上的人们。  15.B　根据“the huge waves”可知,因为是海啸,所以是巨浪撞击海岸。 Ⅶ.【语篇解读】本篇是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了发生在太平洋周围地区的一些地震情况。 1.is situated　考查固定短语、时态和主谓一致。be situated in位于,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,主语China是一个国家,故填is situated。 2.of　考查介词。空格处表示“在……当中”,用介词of表范围。 3.Totally　考查词性转换。空格处修饰整个句子,用副词作状语,位于句首,首字母大写,故填Totally。 4.and　考查连词。took place和lasted之间是并列关系,句子是肯定句,故填and。 5.natural　考查词性转换。空格处修饰名词disaster,用形容词作定语,故填natural。 6.did　考查动词的时态。由下文The fires burned可知,表示过去的事情,时态用一般过去时,故填did。 7.destroying　考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是burned,空格处用非谓语动词,fires和destroy之间是主谓关系,因此空格处用现在分词作状语,故填destroying。 8.deaths　考查名词的复数。空前有3,000,空格处用复数,故填deaths。 9.The　考查定冠词。空格处用定冠词the特指1906年的地震,位于句首,首字母大写,故填The。 10.to cause　考查非谓语动词。continue to do是固定短语,意为“继续做”。故填to cause。 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $