精品解析：上海静安区2025学年度第二学期教学质量调研高三英语试卷

静安区2025学年度第二学期教学质量调研 高三英语试卷 考生注意： 1．考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。 2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，全卷共10页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Farmers need data to monitor and predict everything that goes into affecting their crops, from drought and flood conditions to soil health and temperature variations. But for many farmers, particularly ___1___ in developing nations, such facts and figures aren’t readily available. The problem is especially worrisome in Africa, where some 60% of the population ___2___ (engage) in small-scale farming. “Africa is still a most data-scarce continent,” says Kate Kallot, CEO and founder of Amini, ___3___environmental data firm founded in 2022. Much of the data is locked in paper files in government offices or only available through extremely expensive satellite providers, she says. ___4___ (fill) in the gap, Amini is collecting environmental data in Africa through technologies like satellite imagery, drones and IoT sensors, as well as from existing studies. The company then analyzes the raw data using artificial intelligence ___5___actionable information and recommendations can be provided for farmers, crop insurers, farm lenders and governments to improve agriculture on the continent. Amini can send ___6___ (automate) texts to farmers notifying them of situations like coming floods or spreading pest outbreaks, and it’s also increasingly using AI to be able to automatically respond to text queries about weather and other conditions. Amini has been working with HP (惠普) and Nvidia (英伟达) so far, both of ___7___ have provided workstations and GPU processing power that have enabled Amini to build efficient AI systems in Kenya. “___8___ (work) with Amini goes toward HP’s efforts to have an enduring impact,” says Jim Nottingham, senior vice president & division president of HP’s Advanced Compute & Solutions business. “It also offers proof of ___9___ HP customers can accomplish with the company’s technology. Workstation-based AI is not just valuable in places lacking local big data centers or having limited connectivity, but also in regions with strict data-security requirements.” The same data scarcity problems exist in other parts of the Global South, such as Latin America, the Caribbean, and Southeast Asia, so it’s likely that Amini’s technology will also have an impact ____10____ Africa. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. fine B. licensed C. plasticity D. imposing E. ordering F. circles G. pat H. reinvent I. matters J. demanding K. reward How Knitting May Be Rewiring Your Brain Knitting — and other so-called “grandma hobbies” — is making a comeback, especially among younger generations. According to Eventbrite data, Gen Z’s interest in “granny core” gatherings, such as knitting ___11___ and needlework workshops, has grown in recent months, driven in part by a search for relief from digital burnout. But the benefits go beyond nostalgia (怀旧). Recent studies suggest that slow, hands-on tasks, such as knitting, may activate brain systems in ways that support long-term cognitive health in various ways, including engaging memory, attention, and motor function, while helping to regulate stress. In other words, regardless of age or gender, engaging in hands-on, mentally ___12___ hobbies — whether knitting, wood carving, or model building — may be one of the simplest ways to support brain health. While meditation and puzzles also offer brain benefits, knitting uniquely combines ___13___ motor coordination, creative planning, and rhythmic two-sided movement — all of which engage different brain systems at once. This kind of creativity in any capacity is helpful, says Emily Sharp, a ___14___ therapist at NY Art Therapy. A 2024 study in Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience supports the outlook, demonstrating how creative activities activate the brain’s dopaminergic reward network, particularly in areas deeply involved in pleasure, motivation, and mood. But unlike the dopamine rises caused by scrolling or sugar, knitting provides a slower, steadier ___15___. Plus, since activities like knitting require planning, ___16___ and problem-solving, they activate executive function alongside motor and emotional systems. This full-brain engagement helps strengthen neural (神经的) connectivity, a crucial tool for maintaining the brain’s flexibility and resilience as we age. If you are already an accomplished knitter, don’t ___17___ yourself on the back just yet. The cognitive benefits of activities like knitting aren’t about the task itself — they’re about the process of learning something new. Novelty (新颖) ___18___. When you challenge the brain with unfamiliar tasks, such as learning to knit, it lights up new pathways, offering a unique neurological boost. With time and repetition, those same actions become fluent and calming, allowing the brain to shift into a restorative flow state. This challenge-to-mastery process helps maintain neural ___19___. However, you must continually ___20___ the challenges for your brain as you master old ones. The good news? The cognitive challenge doesn’t have to be big. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. How Archaeology Changed from Digging to Protecting The word “archaeology” comes from the Greek word arkhaios, which means “ancient.” Although some archaeologists study living ____21____, most focus on the distant past. For thousands of years, people have searched for and dug up ancient monuments, often not as scholars but as grave robbers whose only goal was to steal valuables quickly, caring little about the structures around them. Their actions ____22____ caused damage to historical sites. In ancient Egypt, grave robbing was so common that many tombs had hidden rooms where families placed treasures. This problem ____23____ for centuries. In the 1800s, the tomb of Pharaoh (法老) Ramses I, who ruled briefly in the 1290s BCE, was discovered and stolen. It contained pottery, paintings, sculptures, and the pharaoh’s mummy, which eventually ended up in a museum before being returned to Egypt in 2003. ____24____, grave robbers never discovered the tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamun, also known as King Tut. His resting place lay ____25____ for thousands of years until it was discovered in 1922. The tomb contained the mummies of Tutankhamun and his family, along with thousands of artifacts (文物), providing ____26____ insights into ancient Egyptian life. It remains one of the most well-known archaeological ____27____ in history. Early archaeology was also closely linked to ____28____ and colonial (殖民的) power. When Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Egypt in 1798, he brought artists and scholars to document the conquest, while his troops ____29____ hundreds of tons of artifacts, many of which now fill the Louvre. Similarly, wealthy adventurers from Western colonial powers ____30____ digs in Greece and elsewhere. Although they were often genuinely interested in the past, their work was ____31____ to colonialism, as seen in the case of the Elgin Marbles, which Greece has long requested returned as part of its cultural heritage. Such activities highlight both the historical fascination with ancient civilizations and the ethical (伦理的) challenges that ____32____ early archaeology. Over time, archaeology became more ____33____. Scientists began using standard measurements and formalized methods for recording and removing artifacts. Detailed drawings of dig sites and individual items became standard, and archaeologists collaborated with historians and linguists to create a unified ____34____ of the past. In the 20th century, archaeologists also ____35____ their ethical responsibilities. Today, most countries recognize that archaeological remains belong to the nation where they are found, reflecting a growing respect for cultural heritage and the protection of history. 21. A. sculptures B. cultures C. populations D. creatures 22. A. barely B. randomly C. inevitably D. slightly 23. A. persisted B. burst C. emerged D. arose 24. A. Similarly B. What’s more C. As a result D. By contrast 25. A. undervalued B. unsupervised C. misinterpreted D. undisturbed 26. A. innocent B. invaluable C. greedy D. artificial 27. A. features B. reserves C. finds D. regrets 28. A. voluntary B. literal C. military D. religious 29. A. celebrated B. donated C. removed D. launched 30. A. drew on B. carried out C. depended on D. objected to 31. A. delivered B. opposed C. unexposed D. tied 32. A. accompanied B. diversified C. branded D. embraced 33. A. theoretical B. mysterious C. transitional D. systematic 34. A. instinct B. rhythm C. prediction D. picture 35. A. denied B. simplified C. reassessed D. misrepresented Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) It was the loveliest of mornings, the air warm and still, the waters of Kyrgyzstan’s Issyk-Kul Lake as clear and biting as a glass of vodka. There were no boats, only the blue-grey mountains, faint as a memory. I took off my clothes and jumped in, ducking once, twice, three times, under the salty water. Still, I dared not stay, because the train, the Golden Eagle, would very shortly be carrying me onward into Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan. Golden Eagle’s Republics of the Silk Road journey provides a two-week, multi-country adventure for lovers of long rail journeys, excellent food, architecture and glamour. It displays luxury — champagne in crystal glasses, twice-daily room service by attendants, and waiters in bow ties and waistcoats set the tone. And it’s more casual than expected. Despite the “smart dress at dinner” recommendation, wearing a suit, I was the only one to do so and felt overdressed. Time, over a long train journey, becomes somewhat flexible. The effect in that environment — always fixed, always moving — can become something like a sustained coincidence. You’re searching for a familiar sweater in your compartment when you glance out the window to find a distant temple with a round dome. You order your usual drink at a bar as blue lightning flashes across the grassland. ________. We arrived in Khiva at dawn. Once a major Silk Road trading post, it’s still bustling. Local dealers conduct international business, calling out in multiple languages. The city’s sounds, from musical instruments and camel calls to smiths’ hammers, give it a timeless atmosphere. I didn’t want to be moved by the noise, but every scene was undeniable — a square tower topped with a dome, a winding alley filled with the smell of roasted meat, the large, unfinished towers that looked almost round, and the grand walls covered in blue tiles that drew people’s eyes with a magic pull. The Silk Road might seem like a trade route, but each country on the journey truly held its essence. The architecture, jewelry, dancing, food, and hospitality showed influences from India, Italy, and Arabia, a mix of the unusual and familiar. 36. What can we learn about the Golden Eagle’s Silk Road journey? A. It requires strict formal dress for all meals. B. It takes one week to cover multiple countries. C. It only attracts travelers interested in architecture. D. It offers luxurious yet casual travel experience. 37. Which of the following, if inserted into the blank, would best illustrate the idea of “a sustained coincidence” described in the passage? A. Lying on a bed reading, you look up to see eight camels marching over a sand hill. B. Checking the dining car menu, you find your preferred sandwich is sold out. C. Asking an attendant for a blanket, you’re told they’re first-class only. D. Stretching your legs in the corridor, you see the train pull into an unfamiliar station. 38. What makes Khiva a timeless city in the author’s eyes? A. Its quiet and empty streets in the early morning. B. Its mix of traditional sounds and classic scenery. C. Its modern business models and new buildings. D. Its simple local food sold in winding lanes. 39. In the final paragraph, the Silk Road is described primarily as ________. A. a historically important route defined by commercial exchange B. a collection of tourist destinations linked by geography C. a physical journey connecting several neighboring countries D. a space where diverse cultures meet and influence one another (B) College applications are out; let the careless errors begin. A hasty college application, while one of the easiest missteps to avoid, is probably among the most common mistakes applicants make. Here are pitfalls (雷区) that you can easily prevent: A silly email address If your student created their email address in the second grade and it sounds something like “beachbum4life” or “cheerleadercutie”, it’s time for an update. Students can create an “acceptable” email account with Gmail in just a few minutes. Colleges communicate almost exclusively with students via email so setting up a more professional account is an easy way to dodge a red flag. Inappropriate material on social media There are a lot of discussions in the college admissions community and among students and parents about the morality and the reality of college admissions professionals checking up on the social media accounts of applicants. Rude language and inappropriate photos and posts are obvious candidates for removal. My advice is to be safe and delete them. Procrastination Applications are due as early as mid-October with the majority of regular decision deadlines hitting on or around January 1. Why do as many as 50% of students wait until the last day, or even the last hour, to submit their applications? Every year, without fail, college computer servers get overloaded with applicants applying at the last minute and shut down. “Panic-stricken” is probably a mild term for the chaos this creates in many households. Avoid this experience at all costs. Start the applications now, and plan to submit them at least one week prior to the deadline. Misspellings Spell check is not a college applicant’s friend. Most applications are not enabled with spell check, and that means that all your mistakes and careless errors are in full view, so I recommend at least two rounds of proofing. Proof, take a break for two or more days, reproof and then submit. 40. The underlined phrase “dodge a red flag” in the passage most probably means ________. A. make a positive connection B. avoid a negative impression C. correct a personal weakness D. follow a standard procedure 41. What should applicants do to improve their application, according to the author? A. Use spell-check to fix writing mistakes. B. Submit their application in the final week. C. Clean up their social media posts. D. Check their email often for updates. 42. What overall message does the author convey about these application pitfalls? A. They are mostly minor issues that admissions officers ignore. B. They require professional help to be fully resolved. C. They have become less important due to changes in application technology. D. They are simple to address with careful attention and advance planning. (C) The social media landscape is now undergoing a quiet but profound transformation. The question arises: are platforms becoming less social just as they become more popular? The traditional magic of online social networks was their ability to combine personal interactions with mass communication. Friends shared updates; networks spread them widely. Now this fusion is splitting apart. Status updates from people you know are being replaced by algorithm-selected videos from strangers — content that resembles television more than conversation. Meanwhile, public posting is moving to private messaging groups where conversations happen behind digital walls. This shift brings mixed consequences. On the positive side, private groups order posts chronologically rather than by engagement-maximizing algorithms, reducing the motive to post shocking content. For teenagers, who often struggle when their private lives are examined closely and publicly, closed groups may offer mental health benefits. However, significant problems emerge. Messaging apps hosting groups of 200,000 members resemble unregulated broadcasts more than private conversations. In India, politicians have used such platforms to spread lies that would likely be removed from open networks. As public posting declines, valuable discussions disappear from view. During recent global crises, scientists contributed to online debates containing real insights; today those conversations are moving to private channels, slowing the spread of ideas. Perhaps most concerning, open-network algorithms driven by user behaviour seem designed to spread the most extreme content. Previously, for something to go viral, people had to choose to share it. Now they support content simply by watching, as algorithms reward whatever attracts the most engagement. Political troublemakers and misinformation merchants stand to benefit most from this system. Some argue these defects can be fixed through better governance or coding. But the problems suggest something deeper: social media’s flaws may also result from trade-offs built into human communication itself. When platforms move toward private groups, monitoring decreases. When people escape closed circles, they may face more extreme content. As social networks evolve, we must deal with these new challenges rather than fighting old battles. 43. What does the underlined sentence “Now this fusion is splitting apart.” in paragraph 2 imply? A. Users are struggling to adapt to rapid changes across different platforms. B. Social networks are shifting focus away from protecting user data. C. The distinction between online entertainment and personal interaction is disappearing. D. The integration of private interaction and public broadcasts is breaking down. 44. What can be inferred about the double effects of private messaging groups in the passage? A. They protect youth from public exposure while enabling false information to spread. B. They encourage open dialogue while limiting exposure to diverse viewpoints. C. They reduce negative content while promoting meaningful political discussions. D. They strengthen community bonds while reducing monitoring of online spaces. 45. According to the passage, what change has taken place in how content becomes widely popular? A. Official sources now receive priority treatment over amateur productions. B. Emotional appeal has become less important than factual accuracy in driving views. C. Content popularity now depends more on algorithmic promotion than active sharing. D. The role of user recommendation has been replaced by quality assessment systems. 46. Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the passage? A. The Rise of Private Messaging B. From Public Square to Private Chat C. Why Algorithms Are Ruining Social Media D. The Future of Online Communities Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Brain Before and After Birth In a new study, researchers analyzed 184 brain scans collected from 140 fetuses (胎儿) and infants before and shortly after birth. These scans provided a clear view of how the brain changes across this transitional period. ___47___ To overcome this challenge, the research team used an innovative approach: a soft detection device placed gently on the mother’s belly, combined with AI algorithms to remove motion interference. ___48___ The scans revealed a significant increase in neuronal activity around birth within specific brain networks. These include the sensorimotor network, responsible for processing external stimuli such as light and sound and coordinating movement, and the deep relay network, which acts as an information hub between different brain regions. ___49___ After birth, infants are suddenly exposed to a flood of sensory information — from hospital equipment sounds to new smells and lights. The brain must quickly prepare to handle a much “noisier” world. As the lead researcher noted, “Until now, little was known about how brain activity actually changes at the moment of birth.” The new findings now begin to fill this gap. A deeper finding showed that while functional connections between neurons increased sharply around birth, the efficiency of communication improved more gradually. ___50___ It does this by adjusting its structure and removing unnecessary links through a process known as synaptic pruning. These findings now enable researchers to systematically explore how environmental factors shape early brain development and plan to compare brain network growth in preterm and full-term babies to see if early development differs. A. This allowed them to clean data and reconstruct neural activity in the fetal brain. B. In fact, this efficiency reaches its peak during the fetal stage. C. This suggests after forming many connections, the brain needs time to refine its network. D. However, scientists have long struggled to capture clear signals from the fetal brain. E. The activation of these areas has a clear adaptive value. F. Some researchers argue that genetic programming alone drives these early changes. III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Classics on Modern Stages Four centuries after his death, Shakespeare still appears in unexpected places — not only on traditional stages but in films, schools, and experimental theaters. Some directors now place Hamlet in corporate boardrooms or set Romeo and Juliet in modern cities. Ambition, jealousy and young love translate easily across centuries, and audiences unfamiliar with Elizabethan history may find the stories more approachable in familiar settings. Yet as Shakespeare’s works are increasingly reimagined, a central question emerges: how much adaptation is too much before the original spirit is lost? Director Emma Rice has suggested that modern adaptations make timeless themes more accessible to contemporary audiences. When the stories appear in familiar settings, students encountering the plays for the first time often find the ideas easier to grasp and the characters easier to relate to. She has also observed that updating the setting can reveal how little human emotion has changed over time. A prince hesitating before revenge (报复) or two young lovers challenging social boundaries still reflect experiences that audiences today readily recognize. Yet the enthusiasm for modernization occasionally raises uneasy questions. Critic Michael Billington has voiced concerns that when directors prioritize visual novelty over linguistic integrity, the plays lose the very elements that give them enduring power. Shakespeare’s language — the rhythm of blank verse, the complex imagery, the slow unfolding of thought within a speech — carries the emotional depth of his drama. When those elements are cut, the psychological complexity of the characters decreases. The ongoing experiments on stage suggest that the relationship between classic works and modern audiences should never be taken as settled. To keep Shakespeare’s plays alive, each generation ought to reshape them thoughtfully, while always considering how much change the original spirit can bear. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 干了一整天的活儿，回到家我只想躺着不动。(feel like)(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 53. 所有新药必须接受严格检测，未经批准不得发布。（release）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 54. 他打开那本布满灰尘的相册时，脑海中突然浮现出三十年前在家乡拍下这些照片的场景。（occur）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 55. 在城市文化展上，面对外国朋友的浓厚兴趣，志愿者们耐心讲解并亲自示范中国书法，成功推广了这一传统艺术。（which）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，学校近期鼓励学生为“校园科技文化节”策划一个活动，请给校长写一封邮件提交一份活动方案，内容须包括： （1）简要描述该活动（如名称、目的等）； （2）具体说明活动的主要环节及预期效果。 注：文中不得出现考生姓名/学校等真实个人信息。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 静安区2025学年度第二学期教学质量调研 高三英语试卷 考生注意： 1．考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。 2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，全卷共10页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Farmers need data to monitor and predict everything that goes into affecting their crops, from drought and flood conditions to soil health and temperature variations. But for many farmers, particularly ___1___ in developing nations, such facts and figures aren’t readily available. The problem is especially worrisome in Africa, where some 60% of the population ___2___ (engage) in small-scale farming. “Africa is still a most data-scarce continent,” says Kate Kallot, CEO and founder of Amini, ___3___environmental data firm founded in 2022. Much of the data is locked in paper files in government offices or only available through extremely expensive satellite providers, she says. ___4___ (fill) in the gap, Amini is collecting environmental data in Africa through technologies like satellite imagery, drones and IoT sensors, as well as from existing studies. The company then analyzes the raw data using artificial intelligence ___5___actionable information and recommendations can be provided for farmers, crop insurers, farm lenders and governments to improve agriculture on the continent. Amini can send ___6___ (automate) texts to farmers notifying them of situations like coming floods or spreading pest outbreaks, and it’s also increasingly using AI to be able to automatically respond to text queries about weather and other conditions. Amini has been working with HP (惠普) and Nvidia (英伟达) so far, both of ___7___ have provided workstations and GPU processing power that have enabled Amini to build efficient AI systems in Kenya. “___8___ (work) with Amini goes toward HP’s efforts to have an enduring impact,” says Jim Nottingham, senior vice president & division president of HP’s Advanced Compute & Solutions business. “It also offers proof of ___9___ HP customers can accomplish with the company’s technology. Workstation-based AI is not just valuable in places lacking local big data centers or having limited connectivity, but also in regions with strict data-security requirements.” The same data scarcity problems exist in other parts of the Global South, such as Latin America, the Caribbean, and Southeast Asia, so it’s likely that Amini’s technology will also have an impact ____10____ Africa. 【答案】1. those 2. is engaged 3. an 4. To fill 5. so that 6. automated 7. which 8. Working 9. what 10. beyond 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了发展中国家农民缺乏农业相关数据，非洲问题尤为突出。Amini借助科技与AI收集分析环境数据，助力农业发展，其技术未来或将惠及更多地区。 【1题详解】 考查代词。句意：但对于许多农民而言，尤其是那些来自发展中国家的农民来说，这类数据和信息往往难以获取。此处为同类异物特指，指“发展中国家的那些农民”用代词those。故填those。 【2题详解】 考查短语。句意：这一问题在非洲尤为令人担忧，因为该地区约 60%的人口从事着小规模农业生产。population作主语表整体，谓语用单数，be engaged in表示“从事”，陈述事实用一般现在时。故填is engaged。 【3题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“非洲仍然是一个数据极度匮乏的地区，”阿米尼公司的首席执行官兼创始人凯特·卡洛特说道。该公司成立于2022年，是一家专注于环境数据的公司。此处firm为泛指，且environmental是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了填补这一空白，阿米尼正在利用卫星图像、无人机和物联网传感器等技术以及现有研究资料，收集非洲地区的环境数据。此处fill作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填To fill。 【5题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：随后，该公司利用人工智能对原始数据进行分析，以便为农民、农作物保险公司、农场贷款方以及政府提供可操作的信息和建议，从而促进非洲大陆农业的发展。引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”用so that。故填so that。 【6题详解】 考查形容词。句意：阿米尼公司能够向农民发送自动短信，告知他们诸如即将发生的洪水或虫害爆发等状况。而且该公司还越来越多地利用人工智能技术，能够自动回复有关天气和其他情况的短信咨询。修饰名词texts用形容词automated，作定语。故填automated。 【7题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：阿米尼目前一直与惠普和英伟达合作，这两家公司都提供了工作站和图形处理器运算能力，这使得阿米尼能够在肯尼亚构建高效的人工智能系统。此处为介词+关系代词非限制性定语从句，先行词为HP and Nvidia，指物用which。故填which。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：惠普高级计算与解决方案业务部的高级副总裁兼部门总裁吉姆·诺丁汉表示：“与阿米尼合作有助于实现惠普的持久影响。”作主语，用动名词，首字母大写。故填Working。 【9题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这也证明了惠普的客户能够凭借公司的技术取得怎样的成就。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，故用what。故填what。 【10题详解】 考查介词。句意：同样的数据匮乏问题也存在于全球南部的其他地区，比如拉丁美洲、加勒比地区和东南亚，所以阿米尼的这项技术很可能也会在非洲以外的地区产生影响。此处意为“影响力延伸至非洲以外地区”应用介词beyond。故填beyond。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. fine B. licensed C. plasticity D. imposing E. ordering F. circles G. pat H. reinvent I. matters J. demanding K. reward How Knitting May Be Rewiring Your Brain Knitting — and other so-called “grandma hobbies” — is making a comeback, especially among younger generations. According to Eventbrite data, Gen Z’s interest in “granny core” gatherings, such as knitting ___11___ and needlework workshops, has grown in recent months, driven in part by a search for relief from digital burnout. But the benefits go beyond nostalgia (怀旧). Recent studies suggest that slow, hands-on tasks, such as knitting, may activate brain systems in ways that support long-term cognitive health in various ways, including engaging memory, attention, and motor function, while helping to regulate stress. In other words, regardless of age or gender, engaging in hands-on, mentally ___12___ hobbies — whether knitting, wood carving, or model building — may be one of the simplest ways to support brain health. While meditation and puzzles also offer brain benefits, knitting uniquely combines ___13___ motor coordination, creative planning, and rhythmic two-sided movement — all of which engage different brain systems at once. This kind of creativity in any capacity is helpful, says Emily Sharp, a ___14___ therapist at NY Art Therapy. A 2024 study in Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience supports the outlook, demonstrating how creative activities activate the brain’s dopaminergic reward network, particularly in areas deeply involved in pleasure, motivation, and mood. But unlike the dopamine rises caused by scrolling or sugar, knitting provides a slower, steadier ___15___. Plus, since activities like knitting require planning, ___16___ and problem-solving, they activate executive function alongside motor and emotional systems. This full-brain engagement helps strengthen neural (神经的) connectivity, a crucial tool for maintaining the brain’s flexibility and resilience as we age. If you are already an accomplished knitter, don’t ___17___ yourself on the back just yet. The cognitive benefits of activities like knitting aren’t about the task itself — they’re about the process of learning something new. Novelty (新颖) ___18___. When you challenge the brain with unfamiliar tasks, such as learning to knit, it lights up new pathways, offering a unique neurological boost. With time and repetition, those same actions become fluent and calming, allowing the brain to shift into a restorative flow state. This challenge-to-mastery process helps maintain neural ___19___. However, you must continually ___20___ the challenges for your brain as you master old ones. The good news? The cognitive challenge doesn’t have to be big. 【答案】11. F 12. J 13. A 14. B 15. K 16. E 17. G 18. I 19. C 20. H 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了在快节奏数字时代，编织、木雕等手工爱好再度流行。它们锻炼大脑机能、舒缓压力、提升专注力，还能增强神经可塑性，助力身心长久健康。 【11题详解】 考查名词。句意：根据Eventbrite的数据，Z世代对“奶奶风”聚会（如编织社团和手工制作工作坊）的兴趣在近几个月有所增加，这在一定程度上是由于他们想要从数字疲劳中寻求解脱。根据““granny core” gatherings”以及句意“编织社团”可知应填复数名词circles，作宾语，故选F。 【12题详解】 考查形容词。句意：换句话说，无论年龄大小或性别如何，从事需要动手操作且需要动脑的爱好活动——比如编织、木雕或者模型制作——可能是维护大脑健康最简单的方法之一。根据“Recent studies suggest that slow, hands-on tasks, such as knitting, may activate brain systems in ways that support long-term cognitive health in various ways, including engaging memory, attention, and motor function, while helping to regulate stress.(近期的研究表明，一些缓慢且需要动手操作的任务，比如编织，能够以某种方式激活大脑系统，从而在多方面促进长期的认知健康，包括增强记忆力、集中注意力和运动功能，同时还有助于调节压力)”以及句意“耗费脑力的”可知应填形容词demanding，作定语修饰名词hobbies。故选J。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：虽然冥想和解谜也有益于大脑发育，但编织的独特之处在于它集成了精细的“运动协调能力”、创新的规划能力以及有节奏的双面运动——所有这些都能同时激活大脑的不同系统。根据“motor coordination, creative planning, and rhythmic two-sided movement”以及句意“精细动作协调能力”可知应填形容词fine，作定语修饰名词coordination。故选A。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：纽约艺术疗法中心的执业治疗师艾米莉·夏普表示，无论在何种程度上，这种创造力都是有益的。根据“therapist at NY Art Therapy”以及句意“执业”可知应填形容词licensed，作定语修饰名词therapist。故选B。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：但与浏览网页或摄入糖分所引起的多巴胺激增不同，编织带来的是一种更为缓慢、稳定的奖励体验。根据“unlike the dopamine rises caused by scrolling or sugar”以及句意“奖励”可知应填名词reward，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故选K。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：此外，由于诸如编织这类活动需要规划、组织以及解决问题，所以它们会同时激活执行功能、运动系统和情绪系统。根据“and problem-solving”以及句意“组织”可知应填名词ordering，故选E。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：如果你已经是位经验丰富的编织高手，那也别太得意了。根据“you are already an accomplished knitter”以及句意“得意”可知应填动词pat，此处为否定祈使句。故选G。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：新鲜感至关重要。根据“Novelty”以及句意“重要”可知应填动词matter，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为Novelty，谓语用三单形式。故选I。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种从挑战到掌握的过程有助于保持神经的可塑性。根据“This challenge-to-mastery process helps maintain neural”以及句意“可塑性”可知应填名词plasticity，作宾语。故选C。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，当你熟练掌握旧有技能后，就必须持续为大脑更新、创设全新挑战。根据“the challenges for your brain as you master old ones”以及句意“更新”可知应填动词reinvent，且must后跟动词原形。故选H。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. How Archaeology Changed from Digging to Protecting The word “archaeology” comes from the Greek word arkhaios, which means “ancient.” Although some archaeologists study living ____21____, most focus on the distant past. For thousands of years, people have searched for and dug up ancient monuments, often not as scholars but as grave robbers whose only goal was to steal valuables quickly, caring little about the structures around them. Their actions ____22____ caused damage to historical sites. In ancient Egypt, grave robbing was so common that many tombs had hidden rooms where families placed treasures. This problem ____23____ for centuries. In the 1800s, the tomb of Pharaoh (法老) Ramses I, who ruled briefly in the 1290s BCE, was discovered and stolen. It contained pottery, paintings, sculptures, and the pharaoh’s mummy, which eventually ended up in a museum before being returned to Egypt in 2003. ____24____, grave robbers never discovered the tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamun, also known as King Tut. His resting place lay ____25____ for thousands of years until it was discovered in 1922. The tomb contained the mummies of Tutankhamun and his family, along with thousands of artifacts (文物), providing ____26____ insights into ancient Egyptian life. It remains one of the most well-known archaeological ____27____ in history. Early archaeology was also closely linked to ____28____ and colonial (殖民的) power. When Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Egypt in 1798, he brought artists and scholars to document the conquest, while his troops ____29____ hundreds of tons of artifacts, many of which now fill the Louvre. Similarly, wealthy adventurers from Western colonial powers ____30____ digs in Greece and elsewhere. Although they were often genuinely interested in the past, their work was ____31____ to colonialism, as seen in the case of the Elgin Marbles, which Greece has long requested returned as part of its cultural heritage. Such activities highlight both the historical fascination with ancient civilizations and the ethical (伦理的) challenges that ____32____ early archaeology. Over time, archaeology became more ____33____. Scientists began using standard measurements and formalized methods for recording and removing artifacts. Detailed drawings of dig sites and individual items became standard, and archaeologists collaborated with historians and linguists to create a unified ____34____ of the past. In the 20th century, archaeologists also ____35____ their ethical responsibilities. Today, most countries recognize that archaeological remains belong to the nation where they are found, reflecting a growing respect for cultural heritage and the protection of history. 21. A. sculptures B. cultures C. populations D. creatures 22. A. barely B. randomly C. inevitably D. slightly 23. A. persisted B. burst C. emerged D. arose 24. A. Similarly B. What’s more C. As a result D. By contrast 25. A. undervalued B. unsupervised C. misinterpreted D. undisturbed 26. A. innocent B. invaluable C. greedy D. artificial 27. A. features B. reserves C. finds D. regrets 28. A. voluntary B. literal C. military D. religious 29. A. celebrated B. donated C. removed D. launched 30. A. drew on B. carried out C. depended on D. objected to 31. A. delivered B. opposed C. unexposed D. tied 32. A. accompanied B. diversified C. branded D. embraced 33. A. theoretical B. mysterious C. transitional D. systematic 34. A. instinct B. rhythm C. prediction D. picture 35. A. denied B. simplified C. reassessed D. misrepresented 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了考古学从古时盗墓掠夺、依附殖民的破坏行为，逐步转变为系统化研究。现代考古重视伦理规范，注重文物保护与文化遗产尊重。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管部分考古学家研究现存文化，但大多数聚焦遥远的过去。A. sculptures雕塑；B. cultures文化；C. populations人口；D. creatures生物。根据后文“historical sites”以及结合前文考古学起源与古老事物相关，后文对比远古研究，现存文化符合考古研究范畴。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们的行为不可避免地对历史遗址造成破坏。A. barely几乎不；B. randomly随意地；C. inevitably不可避免地；D. slightly轻微地。根据上文“For thousands of years, people have searched for and dug up ancient monuments, often not as scholars but as grave robbers whose only goal was to steal valuables quickly, caring little about the structures around them.(数千年间，人们一直在寻找并挖掘古代遗迹，而挖掘者中往往并非是学者，而是盗墓者。这些盗墓者的唯一目的就是迅速窃取贵重物品，对周围建筑则毫不在意)”可知，盗墓者只贪图珍宝、无视建筑遗迹的行为，破坏必然会产生。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一问题持续了数百年。A. persisted持续；B. burst爆发；C. emerged出现；D. arose产生。根据后文“for centuries”以及结合后文列举跨时代的盗墓事例，说明该问题长久存在。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查短语辨析。句意：相比之下，盗墓者从未发现图坦卡蒙法老的陵墓。A. Similarly相似地；B. What’s more此外；C. As a result因此；D. By contrast相比之下。根据上文“In the 1800s, the tomb of Pharaoh (法老) Ramses I, who ruled briefly in the 1290s BCE, was discovered and stolen. It contained pottery, paintings, sculptures, and the pharaoh’s mummy, which eventually ended up in a museum before being returned to Egypt in 2003.(十九世纪，公元前十三世纪九十年代短期执政的拉美西斯一世法老陵墓遭发现并被盗。墓中存有陶器、画作、雕塑及法老木乃伊，此物先流入博物馆，后于2003年归还埃及)”可知，一座陵墓遭偷盗，此陵墓完好留存，形成正反对比。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的安息之地数千年来未受打扰，直至1922年被发现。A. undervalued被低估的；B. unsupervised无人监管的；C. misinterpreted被误解的；D. undisturbed未被打扰的。根据后文“until it was discovered in 1922”以及结合盗墓者未曾找到该陵墓，可知陵墓长期保持完整。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这座陵墓中存放着图坦卡蒙及其家人的木乃伊，还有数千件文物，为研究古埃及的社会生活提供了极具价值的参考。A. innocent无辜的；B. invaluable极宝贵的；C. greedy贪婪的；D. artificial人造的。根据后文“insights into ancient Egyptian life”可知，结合古墓文物的历史研究价值，说明很宝贵。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它仍是历史上最著名的考古发现之一。A. features特征；B. reserves保护区；C. finds发现物；D. regrets遗憾。根据上文“It remains one of the most well-known archaeological”以及结合这座陵墓及出土文物可知，这是重大考古收获。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：早期考古学还与军事和殖民势力紧密关联。A. voluntary自愿的；B. literal字面的；C. military军事的；D. religious宗教的。结合后文“When Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Egypt in 1798”提到拿破仑率军入侵埃及并掠夺文物，可知早期考古学以军事行动为背景。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1798年拿破仑·波拿巴入侵埃及时，他派遣艺术家与学者记录这场征战，其军队同时掠走数百吨文物，其中许多如今陈列于卢浮宫。A. celebrated庆祝；B. donated捐赠；C. removed移走、掠夺；D. launched发起。根据后文“hundreds of tons of artifacts, many of which now fill the Louvre”可知，拿破仑·波拿巴的军队强行带走他国文物。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：同样，来自西方殖民国家的富有探险家们也在希腊及其他地区进行了挖掘活动。A. drew on利用；B. carried out实施、开展；C. depended on依靠；D. objected to反对。根据前文“Similarly”和后文“digs in Greece and elsewhere”以及结合后文其开展考古挖掘活动可知，此处表示富有探险家们也实施挖掘活动进行掠夺。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们对古文明抱有真切的兴趣，但其研究活动仍与殖民主义紧密挂钩，埃尔金大理石雕便是典型，希腊长期要求归还这批属于本国的文化遗产。A. delivered已交付的；B. opposed反对的；C. unexposed未曝光的；D. tied关联的。根据后文“to colonialism, as seen in the case of the Elgin Marbles, which Greece has long requested returned as part of its cultural heritage.”可知，殖民扩张背景下的文物掠夺，考古行为依附殖民体系。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这类活动凸显古代文明吸引力，也体现伴随早期考古的伦理难题。A. accompanied伴随；B. diversified多样化；C. branded打上烙印；D. embraced接纳。根据前文“Such activities highlight both the historical fascination with ancient civilizations and the ethical challenges that”以及结合早期考古的掠夺本质，伦理问题一直与之共存。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：久而久之，考古学变得更加系统化。A. theoretical理论的；B. mysterious神秘的；C. transitional过渡的；D. systematic系统的。结合后文“Scientists began using standard measurements and formalized methods for recording and removing artifacts.”提到了标准化测量、规范记录等专业方式可知，考古学体现体系化发展。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对挖掘地点和各类文物的详细描绘成为了常规做法，考古学家们还与历史学家和语言学家合作，共同构建出一幅关于过去的完整画卷。A. instinct本能；B. rhythm节奏；C. prediction预测；D. picture全貌、图景。根据上文“Detailed drawings of dig sites and individual items became standard, and archaeologists collaborated with historians and linguists to create a unified”可知，这里指通过多方研究整合信息，还原完整历史面貌。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：二十世纪，考古学家重新审视自身的伦理责任。A. denied否认；B. simplified简化；C. reassessed重新评估；D. misrepresented歪曲。根据后文“their ethical responsibilities”以及“Today, most countries recognize that archaeological remains belong to the nation where they are found, reflecting a growing respect for cultural heritage and the protection of history.(如今，大多数国家都认同，考古遗迹应归其发现地所属国家所有，这体现了人们对文化遗产日益增长的尊重以及对历史的保护意识不断增强)”可知，有了现代文物保护、文化尊重理念，考古界重新定义责任。故选C。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) It was the loveliest of mornings, the air warm and still, the waters of Kyrgyzstan’s Issyk-Kul Lake as clear and biting as a glass of vodka. There were no boats, only the blue-grey mountains, faint as a memory. I took off my clothes and jumped in, ducking once, twice, three times, under the salty water. Still, I dared not stay, because the train, the Golden Eagle, would very shortly be carrying me onward into Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan. Golden Eagle’s Republics of the Silk Road journey provides a two-week, multi-country adventure for lovers of long rail journeys, excellent food, architecture and glamour. It displays luxury — champagne in crystal glasses, twice-daily room service by attendants, and waiters in bow ties and waistcoats set the tone. And it’s more casual than expected. Despite the “smart dress at dinner” recommendation, wearing a suit, I was the only one to do so and felt overdressed. Time, over a long train journey, becomes somewhat flexible. The effect in that environment — always fixed, always moving — can become something like a sustained coincidence. You’re searching for a familiar sweater in your compartment when you glance out the window to find a distant temple with a round dome. You order your usual drink at a bar as blue lightning flashes across the grassland. ________. We arrived in Khiva at dawn. Once a major Silk Road trading post, it’s still bustling. Local dealers conduct international business, calling out in multiple languages. The city’s sounds, from musical instruments and camel calls to smiths’ hammers, give it a timeless atmosphere. I didn’t want to be moved by the noise, but every scene was undeniable — a square tower topped with a dome, a winding alley filled with the smell of roasted meat, the large, unfinished towers that looked almost round, and the grand walls covered in blue tiles that drew people’s eyes with a magic pull. The Silk Road might seem like a trade route, but each country on the journey truly held its essence. The architecture, jewelry, dancing, food, and hospitality showed influences from India, Italy, and Arabia, a mix of the unusual and familiar. 36. What can we learn about the Golden Eagle’s Silk Road journey? A. It requires strict formal dress for all meals. B. It takes one week to cover multiple countries. C. It only attracts travelers interested in architecture. D. It offers luxurious yet casual travel experience. 37. Which of the following, if inserted into the blank, would best illustrate the idea of “a sustained coincidence” described in the passage? A. Lying on a bed reading, you look up to see eight camels marching over a sand hill. B. Checking the dining car menu, you find your preferred sandwich is sold out. C. Asking an attendant for a blanket, you’re told they’re first-class only. D. Stretching your legs in the corridor, you see the train pull into an unfamiliar station. 38. What makes Khiva a timeless city in the author’s eyes? A. Its quiet and empty streets in the early morning. B. Its mix of traditional sounds and classic scenery. C. Its modern business models and new buildings. D. Its simple local food sold in winding lanes. 39. In the final paragraph, the Silk Road is described primarily as ________. A. a historically important route defined by commercial exchange B. a collection of tourist destinations linked by geography C. a physical journey connecting several neighboring countries D. a space where diverse cultures meet and influence one another 【答案】36. D 37. A 38. B 39. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者乘坐金鹰号列车进行丝绸之路多国旅行时的所见所感，包括奢华随意的旅行体验、旅途中的巧合瞬间以及希瓦城的独特魅力。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It displays luxury — champagne in crystal glasses, twice - daily room service by attendants, and waiters in bow ties and waistcoats set the tone. And it’s more casual than expected.(它彰显奢华——水晶杯中的香槟，服务员每天两次的客房服务，以及打着领结、穿着背心的侍者奠定了基调。而且它比预期的更随意。)”可知，金鹰丝绸之路之旅提供豪华且随意的旅行体验。故选D。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Time, over a long train journey, becomes somewhat flexible. The effect in that environment — always fixed, always moving — can become something like a sustained coincidence.(在漫长的火车旅行中，时间变得有些灵活。在这种总是固定又总是移动的环境中，效果可能会变成一种持续的巧合。)”可知，空白处需要填入一个能体现“持续巧合”的场景。A选项“Lying on a bed reading, you look up to see eight camels marching over a sand hill.(躺在床上看书，你抬头看到八只骆驼正越过一座沙丘。)”符合这种持续巧合的描述，即原本在看书，不经意间抬头看到意外的场景。故选A。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“We arrived in Khiva at dawn. Once a major Silk Road trading post, it’s still bustling. Local dealers conduct international business, calling out in multiple languages. The city’s sounds, from musical instruments and camel calls to smiths’ hammers, give it a timeless atmosphere. I didn’t want to be moved by the noise, but every scene was undeniable — a square tower topped with a dome, a winding alley filled with the smell of roasted meat, the large, unfinished towers that looked almost round, and the grand walls covered in blue tiles that drew people’s eyes with a magic pull.(我们于黎明时分抵达希瓦。这里曾是丝绸之路上重要的贸易驿站，如今依旧繁华热闹。当地商贩往来开展跨国生意，用多种语言高声叫卖。乐器声、驼铃声、铁匠的敲打声交织满城，赋予这座城市一种跨越时光的独特韵味。我本不想被市井喧嚣触动，可眼前的每一帧景致都令人难以忽视：顶部建有穹顶的方形塔楼、弥漫着烤肉香气的蜿蜒小巷、造型浑圆的巨型未完工塔楼，还有铺满蓝色瓷砖的宏伟城墙，以一种独特的魔力，牢牢吸引着人的目光。)”可知，在作者眼中，希瓦是一个永恒的城市是因为它融合了传统声音和经典风景。故选B。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The Silk Road might seem like a trade route, but each country on the journey truly held its essence. The architecture, jewelry, dancing, food, and hospitality showed influences from India, Italy, and Arabia, a mix of the unusual and familiar.(丝绸之路可能看起来像是一条贸易路线，但旅途中的每个国家都真正保留了它的精髓。建筑、珠宝、舞蹈、食物和款待都显示出印度、意大利和阿拉伯的影响，是不同寻常和熟悉的混合体。)”可知，丝绸之路主要被描述为一个不同文化相遇并相互影响的空间。故选D。 (B) College applications are out; let the careless errors begin. A hasty college application, while one of the easiest missteps to avoid, is probably among the most common mistakes applicants make. Here are pitfalls (雷区) that you can easily prevent: A silly email address If your student created their email address in the second grade and it sounds something like “beachbum4life” or “cheerleadercutie”, it’s time for an update. Students can create an “acceptable” email account with Gmail in just a few minutes. Colleges communicate almost exclusively with students via email so setting up a more professional account is an easy way to dodge a red flag. Inappropriate material on social media There are a lot of discussions in the college admissions community and among students and parents about the morality and the reality of college admissions professionals checking up on the social media accounts of applicants. Rude language and inappropriate photos and posts are obvious candidates for removal. My advice is to be safe and delete them. Procrastination Applications are due as early as mid-October with the majority of regular decision deadlines hitting on or around January 1. Why do as many as 50% of students wait until the last day, or even the last hour, to submit their applications? Every year, without fail, college computer servers get overloaded with applicants applying at the last minute and shut down. “Panic-stricken” is probably a mild term for the chaos this creates in many households. Avoid this experience at all costs. Start the applications now, and plan to submit them at least one week prior to the deadline. Misspellings Spell check is not a college applicant’s friend. Most applications are not enabled with spell check, and that means that all your mistakes and careless errors are in full view, so I recommend at least two rounds of proofing. Proof, take a break for two or more days, reproof and then submit. 40. The underlined phrase “dodge a red flag” in the passage most probably means ________. A. make a positive connection B. avoid a negative impression C. correct a personal weakness D. follow a standard procedure 41. What should applicants do to improve their application, according to the author? A. Use spell-check to fix writing mistakes. B. Submit their application in the final week. C. Clean up their social media posts. D. Check their email often for updates. 42. What overall message does the author convey about these application pitfalls? A. They are mostly minor issues that admissions officers ignore. B. They require professional help to be fully resolved. C. They have become less important due to changes in application technology. D. They are simple to address with careful attention and advance planning. 【答案】40. B 41. C 42. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了大学申请中常见的错误及如何避免，包括邮箱地址、社交媒体、拖延和拼写错误等问题。 【40题详解】 词句猜测题。根据A silly email address部分中“If your student created their email address in the second grade and it sounds something like “beachbum4life” or “cheerleadercutie”, it’s time for an update.(如果学生的邮箱还是二年级时注册的，名字类似“沙滩流浪者 4life”或“啦啦队小可爱”这类风格，那就该更换了。)”、“Colleges communicate almost exclusively with students via email so setting up a more professional account is an easy way to dodge a red flag.(大学几乎完全通过电子邮件与学生交流，所以建立一个更专业的账户是dodge a red flag的一个简单方法。)”可知，幼稚的邮箱地址会留下不好的印象，更换专业邮箱是为避免负面印象。即dodge a red flag的意思是“避免引起负面印象”。故选B。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据Inappropriate material on social media部分中“Rude language and inappropriate photos and posts are obvious candidates for removal. My advice is to be safe and delete them.(粗鲁的语言和不恰当的照片和帖子显然是要删除的。我的建议是安全起见，删除它们。)”可知，作者建议申请者清理社交媒体上的不当内容来改善申请。故选C。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段中“Here are pitfalls that you can easily prevent.(以下是你可以轻松规避的申请雷区。)”和最后一段“Spell check is not a college applicant’s friend. Most applications are not enabled with spell check, and that means that all your mistakes and careless errors are in full view, so I recommend at least two rounds of proofing. Proof, take a break for two or more days, reproof and then submit.(拼写检查并不是大学申请者的朋友。大多数申请都没有启用拼写检查，这意味着你所有的错误和粗心错误都一目了然，所以我建议至少进行两轮校对。校对，休息两天或更长时间，重新校对，然后提交。)”可知，作者在文中列举了申请大学时容易犯的错误，并给出了相应的避免方法，强调只要提前规划并细心注意，这些错误都是可以避免的。故选D。 (C) The social media landscape is now undergoing a quiet but profound transformation. The question arises: are platforms becoming less social just as they become more popular? The traditional magic of online social networks was their ability to combine personal interactions with mass communication. Friends shared updates; networks spread them widely. Now this fusion is splitting apart. Status updates from people you know are being replaced by algorithm-selected videos from strangers — content that resembles television more than conversation. Meanwhile, public posting is moving to private messaging groups where conversations happen behind digital walls. This shift brings mixed consequences. On the positive side, private groups order posts chronologically rather than by engagement-maximizing algorithms, reducing the motive to post shocking content. For teenagers, who often struggle when their private lives are examined closely and publicly, closed groups may offer mental health benefits. However, significant problems emerge. Messaging apps hosting groups of 200,000 members resemble unregulated broadcasts more than private conversations. In India, politicians have used such platforms to spread lies that would likely be removed from open networks. As public posting declines, valuable discussions disappear from view. During recent global crises, scientists contributed to online debates containing real insights; today those conversations are moving to private channels, slowing the spread of ideas. Perhaps most concerning, open-network algorithms driven by user behaviour seem designed to spread the most extreme content. Previously, for something to go viral, people had to choose to share it. Now they support content simply by watching, as algorithms reward whatever attracts the most engagement. Political troublemakers and misinformation merchants stand to benefit most from this system. Some argue these defects can be fixed through better governance or coding. But the problems suggest something deeper: social media’s flaws may also result from trade-offs built into human communication itself. When platforms move toward private groups, monitoring decreases. When people escape closed circles, they may face more extreme content. As social networks evolve, we must deal with these new challenges rather than fighting old battles. 43. What does the underlined sentence “Now this fusion is splitting apart.” in paragraph 2 imply? A. Users are struggling to adapt to rapid changes across different platforms. B. Social networks are shifting focus away from protecting user data. C. The distinction between online entertainment and personal interaction is disappearing. D. The integration of private interaction and public broadcasts is breaking down. 44. What can be inferred about the double effects of private messaging groups in the passage? A. They protect youth from public exposure while enabling false information to spread. B. They encourage open dialogue while limiting exposure to diverse viewpoints. C. They reduce negative content while promoting meaningful political discussions. D. They strengthen community bonds while reducing monitoring of online spaces. 45. According to the passage, what change has taken place in how content becomes widely popular? A. Official sources now receive priority treatment over amateur productions. B. Emotional appeal has become less important than factual accuracy in driving views. C. Content popularity now depends more on algorithmic promotion than active sharing. D. The role of user recommendation has been replaced by quality assessment systems. 46. Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the passage? A. The Rise of Private Messaging B. From Public Square to Private Chat C. Why Algorithms Are Ruining Social Media D. The Future of Online Communities 【答案】43. D 44. A 45. C 46. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了社交媒体正在经历一场深刻变革，从公共平台向私人聊天转变，并探讨了这一变革带来的利弊。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The traditional magic of online social networks was their ability to combine personal interactions with mass communication. Friends shared updates; networks spread them widely. Now this fusion is splitting apart.(传统上，在线社交网络的神奇之处在于它们能够将个人互动与大众传播相结合。朋友们分享更新；网络广泛传播。现在这种融合正在分裂)”可知，社交网络传统上结合了个人互动和大众传播，但现在这种融合正在分裂，即个人互动和大众传播的融合正在瓦解。故选D。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“For teenagers, who often struggle when their private lives are examined closely and publicly, closed groups may offer mental health benefits.(对于那些经常在私人生活被密切和公开审视时挣扎的青少年来说，封闭团体可能对心理健康有益)”以及第四段中“In India, politicians have used such platforms to spread lies that would likely be removed from open networks.(在印度，政客们利用这样的平台传播谎言，而这些谎言在开放的网络中很可能会被删除)”可知，私人聊天群组既保护了青少年免受公众的审视，又为虚假信息的传播提供了可能。故选A。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Previously, for something to go viral, people had to choose to share it. Now they support content simply by watching, as algorithms reward whatever attracts the most engagement.(以前，要让某件事像病毒一样传播开来，人们必须选择分享它。现在，他们仅仅通过观看就支持内容，因为算法会奖励那些吸引最多参与度的内容)”可知，以前内容要广泛传播需要人们主动分享，而现在内容更多地依赖于算法的推广。故选C。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“The social media landscape is now undergoing a quiet but profound transformation. The question arises: are platforms becoming less social just as they become more popular?(社交媒体格局正在经历一场悄然而深刻的变革。问题出现了：随着社交媒体平台越来越受欢迎，它们是否变得不那么社交了？)”可知，文章主要讨论了社交媒体从公共平台向私人聊天的转变，以及这种转变带来的影响。因此，B选项“从公共广场到私人聊天”最符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选B。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Brain Before and After Birth In a new study, researchers analyzed 184 brain scans collected from 140 fetuses (胎儿) and infants before and shortly after birth. These scans provided a clear view of how the brain changes across this transitional period. ___47___ To overcome this challenge, the research team used an innovative approach: a soft detection device placed gently on the mother’s belly, combined with AI algorithms to remove motion interference. ___48___ The scans revealed a significant increase in neuronal activity around birth within specific brain networks. These include the sensorimotor network, responsible for processing external stimuli such as light and sound and coordinating movement, and the deep relay network, which acts as an information hub between different brain regions. ___49___ After birth, infants are suddenly exposed to a flood of sensory information — from hospital equipment sounds to new smells and lights. The brain must quickly prepare to handle a much “noisier” world. As the lead researcher noted, “Until now, little was known about how brain activity actually changes at the moment of birth.” The new findings now begin to fill this gap. A deeper finding showed that while functional connections between neurons increased sharply around birth, the efficiency of communication improved more gradually. ___50___ It does this by adjusting its structure and removing unnecessary links through a process known as synaptic pruning. These findings now enable researchers to systematically explore how environmental factors shape early brain development and plan to compare brain network growth in preterm and full-term babies to see if early development differs. A. This allowed them to clean data and reconstruct neural activity in the fetal brain. B. In fact, this efficiency reaches its peak during the fetal stage. C. This suggests after forming many connections, the brain needs time to refine its network. D. However, scientists have long struggled to capture clear signals from the fetal brain. E. The activation of these areas has a clear adaptive value. F. Some researchers argue that genetic programming alone drives these early changes. 【答案】47. D 48. A 49. E 50. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项关于胎儿出生前后大脑活动变化的新研究，讲解了研究面临的技术难题、解决方法、关键发现，以及大脑神经网络在出生前后的适应与自我优化过程。 【47题详解】 根据上文“These scans provided a clear view of how the brain changes across this transitional period.(这些扫描清晰展示了大脑在这一过渡阶段的变化)”以及下文“To overcome this challenge(为了克服这一挑战)”可知，空格处应提出长期存在的研究难题。D选项“However, scientists have long struggled to capture clear signals from the fetal brain.(然而，科学家长期以来都难以捕捉到胎儿大脑的清晰信号)”承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。 【48题详解】 根据上文“To overcome this challenge, the research team used an innovative approach: a soft detection device placed gently on the mother’s belly, combined with AI algorithms to remove motion interference.(为了攻克这一难题，该研究团队采用了一种创新方法：将一个柔性检测设备轻柔地放置在孕妇腹部，并结合人工智能算法消除运动干扰)”可知，空格处应说明这一方法的效果。A选项 “This allowed them to clean data and reconstruct neural activity in the fetal brain.(这使得他们能够清理数据并重建胎儿大脑的神经活动)”承接上文，符合语境。故选A项。 【49题详解】 根据上文介绍了胎儿大脑相关神经网络的功能，以及下文 “After birth, infants are suddenly exposed to a flood of sensory information — from hospital equipment sounds to new smells and lights. The brain must quickly prepare to handle a much “noisier” world.(婴儿出生后，会突然接触到大量的感官信息——从医院设备的声响，到陌生的气味与光线。大脑必须迅速做好准备，去应对一个嘈杂得多的世界)”可知，空格处应点明这些脑区激活的意义。E选项“The activation of these areas has a clear adaptive value.(这些区域的激活具有明显的适应价值)”引出下文，符合语境。故选E项。 【50题详解】 根据上文“A deeper finding showed that while functional connections between neurons increased sharply around birth, the efficiency of communication improved more gradually.(更深入的研究发现：尽管神经元之间的功能连接在出生前后会急剧增强，但信号传递的效率是逐步提升的。)”以及下文“It does this by adjusting its structure and removing unnecessary links(大脑通过调整结构、删除不必要的连接来做到这一点)”可知，空格处应解释大脑需要优化网络。C选项 “This suggests after forming many connections, the brain needs time to refine its network.(这表明在形成大量连接后，大脑需要时间来优化其网络)”承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。 III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Classics on Modern Stages Four centuries after his death, Shakespeare still appears in unexpected places — not only on traditional stages but in films, schools, and experimental theaters. Some directors now place Hamlet in corporate boardrooms or set Romeo and Juliet in modern cities. Ambition, jealousy and young love translate easily across centuries, and audiences unfamiliar with Elizabethan history may find the stories more approachable in familiar settings. Yet as Shakespeare’s works are increasingly reimagined, a central question emerges: how much adaptation is too much before the original spirit is lost? Director Emma Rice has suggested that modern adaptations make timeless themes more accessible to contemporary audiences. When the stories appear in familiar settings, students encountering the plays for the first time often find the ideas easier to grasp and the characters easier to relate to. She has also observed that updating the setting can reveal how little human emotion has changed over time. A prince hesitating before revenge (报复) or two young lovers challenging social boundaries still reflect experiences that audiences today readily recognize. Yet the enthusiasm for modernization occasionally raises uneasy questions. Critic Michael Billington has voiced concerns that when directors prioritize visual novelty over linguistic integrity, the plays lose the very elements that give them enduring power. Shakespeare’s language — the rhythm of blank verse, the complex imagery, the slow unfolding of thought within a speech — carries the emotional depth of his drama. When those elements are cut, the psychological complexity of the characters decreases. The ongoing experiments on stage suggest that the relationship between classic works and modern audiences should never be taken as settled. To keep Shakespeare’s plays alive, each generation ought to reshape them thoughtfully, while always considering how much change the original spirit can bear. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 This passage talks about modern adaptations of Shakespeare’s plays. By resetting his stories in modern surroundings, these versions help today’s audiences better understand timeless themes and human feelings. However, over-modernization may damage his original language and reduce characters’ inner complexity. Therefore, people should adapt classics wisely to preserve their core spirit. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了现代舞台上对莎士比亚经典作品的改编现象。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Yet as Shakespeare’s works are increasingly reimagined, a central question emerges: how much adaptation is too much before the original spirit is lost? ②Director Emma Rice has suggested that modern adaptations make timeless themes more accessible to contemporary audiences. When the stories appear in familiar settings, students encountering the plays for the first time often find the ideas easier to grasp and the characters easier to relate to. She has also observed that updating the setting can reveal how little human emotion has changed over time. ③Yet the enthusiasm for modernization occasionally raises uneasy questions. Critic Michael Billington has voiced concerns that when directors prioritize visual novelty over linguistic integrity, the plays lose the very elements that give them enduring power. ④To keep Shakespeare’s plays alive, each generation ought to reshape them thoughtfully, while always considering how much change the original spirit can bear. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点作为文章主旨，第2、3要点分别从正反两方面进行论证，第4个要点作为总结。 3.遣词造句 This passage talks about modern adaptations of Shakespeare’s plays. By resetting his stories in modern surroundings, these versions help today’s audiences better understand timeless themes and human feelings. However, over-modernization may damage his original language and reduce characters’ inner complexity. Therefore, people should adapt classics wisely to preserve their core spirit. 【点睛】【高分句型1】By resetting his stories in modern surroundings, these versions help today’s audiences better understand timeless themes and human feelings. (运用了动名词作宾语) 【高分句型2】Therefore, people should adapt classics wisely to preserve their core spirit. (运用了不定式作目的状语) IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 干了一整天的活儿，回到家我只想躺着不动。(feel like)(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】After a full day’s work, I only felt like lying down without moving when I got home. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和短语。表示“干了一整天的活儿”为after a full day’s work；主语为I；表示“只想躺着不动”为only feel like lying down without moving；when引导时间状语从句，从句主语为I；表示“回到家”为get home。陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故翻译为After a full day’s work, I only felt like lying down without moving when I got home. 53. 所有新药必须接受严格检测，未经批准不得发布。（release）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】All new drugs must undergo strict tests and shall not be released without permission. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和情态动词。表示“所有新药”为all new drugs；表示“必须接受严格检测”为must undergo strict tests；and连接并列谓语，表示“未经批准”为without permission；表示“不得发布”为shall not be released。故翻译为All new drugs must undergo strict tests and shall not be released without permission. 54. 他打开那本布满灰尘的相册时，脑海中突然浮现出三十年前在家乡拍下这些照片的场景。（occur）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When he opened the dusty photo album, the scene of taking these photos in his hometown thirty years ago suddenly occurred to him. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词、时间状语从句。表示“当……时”用when，引导时间状语从句。时间状语从句中：表示“他”用he，作主语；表示“打开”用open，本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语用opened；表示“那本布满灰尘的相册”用the dusty photo album，作opened的宾语。主句中：表示“三十年前”用thirty years ago，作时间状语；表示“在家乡”用in his hometown，作地点状语；表示“拍下这些照片”用take these photos，表示“场景”用scene，表示“三十年前在家乡拍下这些照片的场景”用the scene of taking these photos in his hometown thirty years ago，作主语。表示“他脑海中突然浮现”用suddenly occur to him，谓语用过去式occurred。故翻译为When he opened the dusty photo album, the scene of taking these photos in his hometown thirty years ago suddenly occurred to him. 55. 在城市文化展上，面对外国朋友的浓厚兴趣，志愿者们耐心讲解并亲自示范中国书法，成功推广了这一传统艺术。（which）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】At the urban culture exhibition, faced with foreign friends’ strong interest, volunteers patiently explained and personally demonstrated Chinese calligraphy, which successfully promoted this traditional art. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和定语从句。表示“在城市文化展上”为at the urban culture exhibition；表示“面对外国朋友的浓厚兴趣”为过去分词短语，作状语，翻译为faced with foreign friends’ strong interest；表示“志愿者们”为复数名词volunteers；表示“耐心讲解”为patiently explain；表示“亲自示范”为personally demonstrate；表示“中国书法”为Chinese calligraphy；后跟非限制性定语从句，修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，故用which引导，表示“成功推广”为successfully promote；表示“这一传统艺术”为this traditional art。发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为At the urban culture exhibition, faced with foreign friends’ strong interest, volunteers patiently explained and personally demonstrated Chinese calligraphy, which successfully promoted this traditional art. V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，学校近期鼓励学生为“校园科技文化节”策划一个活动，请给校长写一封邮件提交一份活动方案，内容须包括： （1）简要描述该活动（如名称、目的等）； （2）具体说明活动的主要环节及预期效果。 注：文中不得出现考生姓名/学校等真实个人信息。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear Principal, I’m Li Hua, a student from Grade 12. I’m excited to propose an activity plan for the upcoming “Campus Science and Technology Culture Festival”. The activity, named “Science Exploration Show”, aims to enhance students’ understanding of science and stimulate their curiosity. Not only will it provide a platform for students to learn science in a fun way, but it will also foster a scientific atmosphere on campus. It will consist of two main parts. Firstly, there will be a series of science experiments performed by teachers, which will show the magic of science. Secondly, students can participate in a science quiz, where they can test their knowledge and win prizes. What we expect from this activity is that students will become more interested in science and develop a scientific way of thinking. I believe it will be a valuable addition to our festival. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以红星中学高三学生李华的身份，给校长写一封邮件提交一份“校园科技文化节”的活动方案，包括活动名称、目的、主要环节及预期效果。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：excited → thrilled 激发：stimulate → inspire 培养：foster → cultivate 由……组成：consist of → be comprised of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The activity, named “Science Exploration Show”, aims to enhance students’ understanding of science and stimulate their curiosity. 拓展句：The activity, whose name is “Science Exploration Show”, aims to enhance students’ understanding of science and stimulate their curiosity. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstly, there will be a series of science experiments performed by teachers, which will show the magic of science. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】What we expect from this activity is that students will become more interested in science and develop a scientific way of thinking. (运用了What引导的主语从句、that引导的表语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $