2026届高三英语各地模考或重点中学（联考）阅读专项训练十九（C篇）

2026届高三英语各地模考或重点中学（联考）阅读专项训练十九（C篇）及答案详解 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一.（25-26高三下·河南驻马店·开学考试） Ageing is a natural process that affects everyone over time. It happens mainly because the cells in our body slowly wear out. While signs like wrinkles, gray hair, and age spots are visible on the outside, ageing also deeply impacts internal organs, physical strength, and mental function. As we age, our cells renew themselves more slowly. Their membranes (the walls around the cells) harden, which can affect how nutrients enter and waste leaves the cell. Damaged tissues take longer to repair, and overall organ performance may not be as good as before. In the brain, a protective coating around nerve fibers wears down, sometimes making it harder to recall memories or learn new things. Certain physical changes become more noticeable with time. For example, cartilage (软骨) in the nose and ears can change, which may make these features appear larger. Muscle and bone mass also decrease, leading to reduced strength and height. While ageing begins from early life, research suggests its pace may quicken around certain ages — studies point to noticeable shifts in the mid-30s, mid-40s, early 60s, and late 70s, often linked to changes in immune function, heart health, and metabolism. Hearing and vision also commonly change with age. Many older adults experience presbycusis, a gradual hearing loss due to wear on the inner ear. Eyesight often declines as eye muscles weaken, lenses lose flexibility, and tear production decreases. These changes are normal, but sudden or severe loss should be checked by a doctor. Although ageing cannot be fully stopped, certain habits can support healthy ageing. Regular aerobic and strength exercise helps maintain heart health, muscle mass, and balance. A balanced diet rich in vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins is also beneficial. Currently, such a way of life remains the most reliable way to slow down ageing. 1．What primarily drives the ageing process? A．The visible changes in our skin and hair. B．The gradual damage to the body’s cells. C．The reduced function of internal organs. D．The loss of muscle and bone mass over time. 2．What can we learn about brain ageing? A．It makes brain cells renew faster. B．It improves nutrient intake in brain cells. C．It weakens one’s learning ability. D．It always leads to serious memory diseases. 3．What works best for healthy ageing? A．Regular hospital physical checks. B．Taking various anti-ageing pills. C．Sustained healthy daily habits. D．Continuous medical research. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．What Happens to the Body During Ageing? B．How Can We Live Longer and Healthier? C．How Does Our Body Slow Down Ageing? D．What Is the Story of Healthy Ageing? 二. （2026·云南临沧·模拟预测） If you thought body fat was just a passive storage place for calories, think again. Research suggests it plays an important role in our overall health, with one study revealing its complexity. Fat exists in several forms. For instance, there’s white fat, which stores energy and releases hormones (荷尔蒙) that influence physiology; brown fat, which generates heat; and beige (米色) fat, which sits somewhere in between, switching on heat production under certain conditions. Even within these categories, where the fat is located matters: fat under the skin is generally less harmful, while fat deep inside the stomach, inner fat, is strongly linked to heart disease and more. The study, led by Mascha Koenen of New York’s Rockefeller University, reveals an unexpected role for fat: controlling blood pressure. Mascha Koenen and her colleagues set out to understand why being overweight, characterised by excess white fat, is linked to high blood pressure, while brown and beige fat appear to be protective. They focused on the fatty layer around blood vessels (血管), which is full of beige fat cells. The researchers used mice that were genetically engineered to lose their beige fat. Thus, these mice had rigid blood vessels, and their blood vessels overreacted to common hormonal signals that narrow blood vessels, which made their blood pressure rise. The team traced this effect to a special protein called QSOX1, released by abnormal fat cells. Blocking it prevented blood vessel damage and normalised blood pressure in mice, no matter how much they weighed. “What this nicely shows is that the communication between different organ systems is critical to understand complex diseases like high blood pressure,” says Koenen. The findings point to future treatments that focus on preserving or restoring fat’s beneficial functions. This can be done by targeting specific fat areas, adjusting the communication between the immune system and fat, or maintaining beige fat healthy and active. 5．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By comparing different fat types. B．By presenting new study findings. C．By correcting a disease misunderstanding. D．By challenging a traditional view on body fat. 6．What determines the different functions of fat stores? A．Position in the body. B．Heat production ability. C．Amount of energy stored. D．Type of hormones released. 7．What can we learn about QSOX1? A．It is released by healthy beige fat cells. B．It helps prevent damage to blood vessels. C．It can cause the increase of blood pressure. D．It works merely on mice with heavy weight. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Discovery of the Protein QSOX1 B．Complex Roles of Body Fat in Health C．Link between Body Fat and Blood Pressure D．Importance of Understanding Fat Functions 三. （25-26高三上·湖南长沙·月考） Reading The Overview Effect is an exercise in mind expansion. Not only does author Frank White invite us to visualize the Earth from space, but he challenges us to envision(in our mind's eye) our home planet as an essential part of the solar system and even as an element of the entire universe. At first sight, picturing those images seems simple. We have all seen pictures of the Earth from the ISS and even from the Moon. But White puts those abstract images into perspective in terms of humanity, its social and political expressions, and its evolutionary future. He believes that seeing the Earth from a different physical perspective produces a different philosophical point of view that can benefit human society. In the first third of his book, White massages readers’ minds, stretching their capacity to comprehend the human effects of that perspective. A powerful analogy (类比) he refers to at various times is to imagine a fish venturing forth onto dry land.“If you were a fish, you would have no idea what land was like,” he writes,“and only the very unclear idea of what water was like, because water would be the medium in which you lived. The idea of ‘sky’ would be far beyond your comprehension.” So. it is when humans venture into space. White supports his own indirect perception of the Overview Effect with quotes from numerous astronauts who have directly experienced both the view and the significant effect it produces. Without exception, they report feeling a stronger, more protective connection with the Earth and a deepened awareness of the commonality of all human beings. The borders between countries disappear in the view from space; and the differences of cultures disappear along with them. The new opportunities of commercial spaceflight mean that more people will have a chance to look at the Earth from outside, however briefly. And White’s own writings and his work with the Overview Institute are bringing an understanding of these insights indirectly to an increasing number of people. As more people experience the Overview Effect, directly or indirectly, White says,“We would hope to see people become more interested in preserving the environment, preventing war, and promoting other life-sustaining efforts.” 9．What is the book The Overview Effect intended to achieve? A．Gaining a deeper insight into space. B．Shifting people’s perception of the world. C．Exploring the evolutionary future of humanity. D．Enlarging the intellectual potential of human beings. 10．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “massages” in paragraph 3? A．calms down B．takes up C．fires up D．focuses on 11．What effect does seeing the Earth from space have on astronauts? A．Realization of human insignificance. B．Better understanding of cultural diversity. C．Desire to conduct further space exploration. D．Acknowledgment of interconnected humanity. 12．What does White anticipate people will do after reading his book? A．Attempt to take commercial space trips. B．Narrow the gaps between different cultures. C．Advocate for the cause of space exploration. D．Contribute to the collective welfare of humanity. 四.（2026·广东·一模） What if you could stay mentally sharp in old age? We may be closer to understanding “superagers” — people over 80 with the cognitive (认知的) skills of someone decades younger. Northwestern University’s SuperAging Research Program has identified some common brain features that help preserve this function. The research defines a “distinct brain-related signature” for identifying superagers: You might be one if you’re 80 or older and can recall at least nine words 30 minutes after hearing a 15-word list. Superagers’ brains also show slower thinning, with only a 1.06% reduction over 18 months compared to the 2.24% seen in their peers (同龄人), and a stronger cholinergic system, which is crucial for memory, learning and motor function. Critically, there’s one quality all superagers share: sociability. This observed sociability has biological roots. Superagers possess more von Economo neurons, a type of brain cell associated with sociability, than their peers, and even more than younger people. These neurons are found in highly social species like whales. “Animals with strong connections tend to outlive and outsmart their peers. It’s like the pack culture,” says study author Gefen. Additionally, superagers’ thicker anterior cingulate gyrus — a brain region linked to motivation rather than memory — suggests that they may be more willing to engage in challenging tasks. However, this isn’t a long-term study tracking participants from youth, so “we can’t completely know whether this high level of sociability is helping or not,” Gefen notes. While other research suggests lifestyle factors like exercise may prevent up to 45% of serious memory loss, their role in superagers remains unclear. “When it comes to superagers, we have more questions than answers,” she adds. Still, this research could help find future treatments for some brain diseases. Northwestern’s ongoing work aims to advance this goal, including investigating what makes von Economo neurons special and their role in disease resistance. 13．What is the key characteristic that sets superagers apart from their peers? A．Rapid brain thinning. B．Strong critical thinking. C．Superb visual memory. D．High social engagement. 14．Why does the author mention whales in paragraph 3? A．To analyze human-animal ties. B．To illustrate the basis of sociability. C．To show the observation result. D．To contrast brains of various species. 15．What does Gefen mean by saying “It’s like the pack culture”? A．Social bonds benefit individuals. B．Pack animals are faced with more risks. C．Each species has its own culture. D．Sociability is rooted in animal behavior. 16．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Suggestions for further studies. B．Study limitations. C．Comparisons with other findings. D．Experts’ comments. 五. （2026·广东·一模） If the Amazon forest is to disappear, Altamira in Brazil is the town where that end could be foreseen. During the region’s development, a road was cut through the heart of the forest, marking an era of widespread destruction that remade the Amazon. Altamira thus became known in local media as the “champion of deforestation.” Now Brazilian officials think this expansive town can also be the site of the forest’s rebirth. This year, the government set out to test a question that until now has largely been left to researchers: If left alone, can the Amazon forest restore itself? To test this assumption, officials closed off a degraded parcel of land and leased (租赁) it to a private carbon credit company to safeguard and restore. “Some of the tasks will be done by planting trees. But most of the restoration job will be left to Mother Nature. It’s called passive restoration. This is opening a new model that may be applied across the state,” said Governor Barbalho. The search for solutions in the Amazon couldn’t be more urgent. Rates of deforestation have been dropping since the government made fighting environmental crime a priority, but the destruction hasn’t stopped. Nearly 6,300 square kilometers were lost last year, bringing the ecosystem closer to what scientists warn is a tipping point, when the Amazon is no longer able to maintain its own rainy ecosystem. Evidence of its arrival is springing up: dried riverbeds, forest fires, punishing droughts, and increased tree death. Scientists have predicted the forest could experience a broad ecological collapse by 2050, when 10 — 47% of it will be exposed to various disturbances that could activate unexpected ecosystem changes. But other research has also provided cause for hope. Despite the delicate nature of the Amazon’s ecosystem, the forest has also demonstrated a remarkable capacity for recovery. A recent study showed that roughly 72,000 square kilometers of destroyed forest are already in an advanced stage of natural recovery. 17．What do we know about Altamira from paragraph 1? A．It reshaped the Amazon area. B．It saw the rebirth of the forest. C．It benefited from the new road. D．It headed the forest destruction. 18．What is the core belief behind passive restoration? A．Nature knows the right way. B．Companies make better guardians. C．Tree-planting is a quicker fix. D．A hands-off government is the key. 19．What makes it critical to restore the Amazon rainforest? A．Deforestation rates are ever-rising. B．The rainy ecosystem has collapsed. C．A point of no return is approaching. D．Spring has brought lots of disasters. 20．What is the best title for the text? A．Can Private Companies Help? B．Can Passive Restoration Last? C．Can Altamira Stop Deforestation? D．Can Amazon Avoid Disappearing? 六.（2026·云南临沧·模拟预测） In my early 20s, desperate to move into my own place, I found a flat that seemed perfect and took it immediately, without considering whether the rent was actually affordable long-term. A year later, I was in financial trouble and had to move back with my family, feeling embarrassed that I’d made such a massive decision before. So why did I misjudge the situation so badly? The answer, according to psychotherapist Tina Chummun, lies in how our brains function. This pattern is what psychologists call “underthinking”. “The brain’s ability to assess situations depends heavily on the prefrontal cortex (前额皮质), which governs decision-making and self-control,” she explains. “When this region is underactive, underthinking is more likely.” Mental health conditions can also contribute. People with ADHD (多动症), for instance, are more likely to be impulsive due to brain function problems. Interestingly, underthinking isn’t always harmful. In emergencies, it stops us from overanalysing and allows timely reactions — like performing the Heimlich manoeuvre, a first-aid procedure, when someone chokes. It can also prevent us from wasting energy on minor dilemmas (困境). The decisiveness helps us take charge under pressure and think more creatively. Nevertheless, the coin has another side. Jumping in too quickly often brings undesirable consequences. You might excitedly agree to a concert, then become anxious when realizing the cost puts you over budget. Relationships may suffer and you may get a reputation for overpromising. So how can we manage this tendency? The key lies in categorizing decisions by risk level. Mundane choices, such as what to wear or have for dinner, are small decisions that don’t need much thought, and underthinking here actually saves energy for what matters. But decisions with lasting impact on relationships, finances, or career require careful consideration. Creating clear personal priorities helps: ask yourself what truly matters before acting. Setting time frames also works — 24 hours for major decisions, or simply counting to ten before responding to smaller matters. Writing down initial thoughts or brief pros-and-cons lists can further clarify choices. 21．What phenomenon does the author’s experience illustrate? A．The risk of overspending on rent. B．The tendency to act without thought. C．The conflict between desire and reality. D．The embarrassment of depending on family. 22．What does the underlined word “impulsive” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．short-sighted B．light-hearted C．single-minded D．hot-headed 23．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．Underthinking helps improve creativity. B．Underthinking causes financial problems. C．Underthinking has positive and negative effects. D．Underthinking is useful in emergency situations. 24．What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph? A．Tailor underthinking to decision types. B．Reserve energy to consider minor matters. C．Avoid underthinking entirely to prevent risks. D．Seek professional advice on tricky situations. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 《2026届高三英语各地模考或重点中学（联考）阅读专项训练十九（C篇）及答案详解》参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B C C A D A C B B C 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 D D D B A B D A C D 题号 21 22 23 24 答案 B D C A 一. 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【难度】0.85 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章系统地介绍了人们衰老过程中身体内外发生的各种变化。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“It happens mainly because the cells in our body slowly wear out.(这种情况主要是因为我们体内的细胞会逐渐老化磨损)”可知，衰老过程主要由身体细胞的逐渐损耗驱动。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the brain, a protective coating around nerve fibers wears down, sometimes making it harder to recall memories or learn new things.(在大脑中，神经纤维周围的保护层会逐渐磨损，这有时会导致人们难以回忆起过去的经历或难以学习新事物)”可知，大脑衰老会削弱一个人的学习能力。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Although ageing cannot be fully stopped, certain habits can support healthy ageing. Regular aerobic and strength exercise helps maintain heart health, muscle mass, and balance. A balanced diet rich in vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins is also beneficial. Currently, such a way of life remains the most reliable way to slow down ageing.(虽然衰老无法完全阻止，但某些习惯能够促进健康的老年生活。定期进行有氧运动和力量训练有助于保持心脏健康、肌肉量和平衡能力。富含蔬菜、全谷物和瘦肉蛋白的均衡饮食也有益处。目前，这种生活方式仍然是延缓衰老最可靠的方式)”可知，健康的日常习惯（定期锻炼和均衡饮食）是延缓衰老最可靠的方法。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Ageing is a natural process that affects everyone over time. It happens mainly because the cells in our body slowly wear out. While signs like wrinkles, gray hair, and age spots are visible on the outside, ageing also deeply impacts internal organs, physical strength, and mental function.(衰老是一个自然的过程，会随着时间影响每一个人。其主要原因是我们身体内的细胞会逐渐老化。虽然诸如皱纹、白发和老年斑等外部迹象是显而易见的，但衰老还会对内部器官、身体力量和心理功能产生深远的影响)”以及文章系统地介绍了人们衰老过程中身体内外发生的各种变化。故A选项“衰老过程中身体会发生什么变化？”最符合文章标题。故选A。 二. 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．B 【难度】0.74 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了脂肪并非只是被动储存热量的组织，而是有多种类型、位置不同功能也不同，并通过新研究揭示了脂肪在控制血压等方面的复杂作用，展现了脂肪对健康的重要影响。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段“If you thought body fat was just a passive storage place for calories, think again. Research suggests it plays an important role in our overall health, with one study revealing its complexity.(如果你认为身体脂肪只是储存热量的被动场所，那就再想想。研究表明，它对我们的整体健康起着重要作用，一项研究揭示了它的复杂性。)”可知，作者开篇通过挑战关于身体脂肪的传统观点来引入话题，故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Even within these categories, where the fat is located matters: fat under the skin is generally less harmful, while fat deep inside the stomach, inner fat, is strongly linked to heart disease and more.(即使在这些类别中，脂肪所在的位置也很重要：皮下脂肪通常危害较小，而胃部深处的脂肪，即内脏脂肪，与心脏病等密切相关。)”可知，脂肪储存位置决定了其不同的功能，故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The researchers used mice that were genetically engineered to lose their beige fat. Thus, these mice had rigid blood vessels, and their blood vessels overreacted to common hormonal signals that narrow blood vessels, which made their blood pressure rise. The team traced this effect to a special protein called QSOX1, released by abnormal fat cells.(研究人员使用经过基因工程改造后失去米色脂肪的小鼠。因此，这些小鼠的血管僵硬，它们的血管对使血管变窄的常见激素信号反应过度，导致血压升高。研究小组将这种效应追溯到一种由异常脂肪细胞释放的特殊蛋白质QSOX1。)”可知，QSOX1会导致血压升高，故选C。 8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“If you thought body fat was just a passive storage place for calories, think again. Research suggests it plays an important role in our overall health, with one study revealing its complexity.(如果你认为身体脂肪只是储存热量的被动场所，那就再想想。研究表明，它对我们的整体健康起着重要作用，一项研究揭示了它的复杂性。)以及全文内容可知，全文围绕脂肪的多种类型、不同位置的不同作用，以及脂肪对血压等健康问题的复杂影响展开，重点介绍脂肪在健康中的复杂角色。B项“体内脂肪在健康中的复杂作用”符合主题，适合用作标题，故选B项。 三. 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．D 【难度】0.81 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Frank White的著作The Overview Effect，阐述了其核心观点与社会意义。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段“Not only does author Frank White invite us to visualize the Earth from space, but he challenges us to envision our home planet as an essential part of the solar system and even as an element of the entire universe. (作者弗兰克·怀特不仅邀请我们从太空想象地球，还挑战我们将地球视为太阳系的重要组成部分，甚至是整个宇宙的一部分。)”以及第二段“He believes that seeing the Earth from a different physical perspective produces a different philosophical point of view that can benefit human society.(他认为，从不同的物理视角看地球会产生不同的哲学观点，这对人类社会有益。)”可知，The Overview Effect这本书旨在转变人们对世界的认知视角。故选B项。 10．词句猜测题。根据第三段“In the first third of his book, White massages readers’ minds, stretching their capacity to comprehend the human effects of that perspective.(在书的前三分之一部分，怀特massages读者的思维，拓展他们理解这种视角对人类影响的能力。)”结合后文用鱼上岸的类比说明人类进入太空后的认知转变，可知massages在这里是“激活、激发”的意思，与fires up意思相近。故选C项。 11．细节理解题。根据第四段“Without exception, they report feeling a stronger, more protective connection with the Earth and a deepened awareness of the commonality of all human beings. The borders between countries disappear in the view from space; and the differences of cultures disappear along with them.(无一例外，他们都表示感受到与地球更强的保护联系，以及对全人类共性的更深认识。国家之间的边界在太空视角中消失；文化差异也随之消失。)”可知，从太空看地球让宇航员意识到人类是相互关联的整体。故选D项。 12．细节理解题。根据第五段“As more people experience the Overview Effect, directly or indirectly, White says, ‘we would hope to see people become more interested in preserving the environment, preventing war, and promoting other life-sustaining efforts.’(怀特说，随着越来越多的人直接或间接地体验总览效应，“我们希望看到人们对保护环境、防止战争和促进其他维持生命的努力更感兴趣。”)”可知，怀特期望人们在读完他的书后，为人类的集体福祉做贡献。故选D项。 四. 13．D 14．B 15．A 16．B 【难度】0.73 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“超级老人”（认知能力远超同龄人的80岁以上老人）的特征、相关研究及意义。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段“Critically, there’s one quality all superagers share: sociability.(关键在于，所有超级老人都有一个共同点：善于社交)”可知，超级老人区别于同龄人的关键特征是高度社交参与。故选D。 14．推理判断题。根据第三段“This observed sociability has biological roots. Superagers possess more von Economo neurons, a type of brain cell associated with sociability, than their peers, and even more than younger people. These neurons are found in highly social species like whales.(这种观察到的社交能力有其生物学根源。与同龄人相比，超级老人拥有更多与社交能力相关的冯·伊科诺莫神经元，甚至比年轻人还多。这些神经元存在于鲸鱼等高度社会化的物种中)”可知，作者提到鲸鱼是为了说明超级老人善于社交的生物学基础。故选B。 15．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Animals with strong connections tend to outlive and outsmart their peers. It’s like the pack culture(联系紧密的动物往往比同类寿命更长、更聪明。这就像群体文化)”可知，联系紧密的动物往往比同类寿命更长、更聪明，所以“这就像群体文化”是指社交联系对个体有益。故选A。 16．主旨大意题。根据第四段“However, this isn’t a long-term study tracking participants from youth, so “we can’t completely know whether this high level of sociability is helping or not,” Gefen notes. While other research suggests lifestyle factors like exercise may prevent up to 45% of serious memory loss, their role in superagers remains unclear. “When it comes to superagers, we have more questions than answers,” she adds.(然而，这并不是一项从青年时期就开始跟踪参与者的长期研究，所以“我们无法完全知道这种高度的社交能力是否有帮助，”Gefen指出。虽然其他研究表明，锻炼等生活方式因素可能预防多达45%的严重记忆丧失，但它们在超级老人中的作用尚不清楚。“说到超级老人，我们的问题多于答案，”她补充道)”可知，本段主要讲了研究的局限性。故选B。 五. 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．D 【难度】0.73 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了巴西小镇阿尔塔米拉曾是森林破坏的“冠军”，如今政府尝试通过被动修复让亚马逊森林重生，以避免其消失。 17．细节理解题。根据第一段“Altamira thus became known in local media as the “champion of deforestation.”(因此，阿尔塔米拉被当地媒体称为“森林砍伐冠军”)”可知，阿尔塔米拉曾引领森林破坏。故选D。 18．细节理解题。根据第二段“But most of the restoration job will be left to Mother Nature. It’s called passive restoration.(但大部分修复工作将留给大自然。这被称为被动修复)”可知，被动修复的核心信念是相信自然知道正确的修复方式。故选A。 19．细节理解题。根据第三段“Nearly 6,300 square kilometers were lost last year, bringing the ecosystem closer to what scientists warn is a tipping point, when the Amazon is no longer able to maintain its own rainy ecosystem.(去年损失了近6300平方公里，使生态系统更接近科学家警告的临界点，届时亚马逊将无法维持自己的雨林生态系统)”可知，亚马逊雨林恢复的关键在于避免接近无法挽回的临界点。故选C。 20．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段“Despite the delicate nature of the Amazon’s ecosystem, the forest has also demonstrated a remarkable capacity for recovery.(尽管亚马逊生态系统很脆弱，但森林也表现出了惊人的恢复能力)”可知，文章主要探讨了亚马逊森林能否通过修复避免消失的问题，D选项“Can Amazon Avoid Disappearing?(亚马逊能否避免消失？)”适合作为标题。故选D。 六. 21．B 22．D 23．C 24．A 【难度】0.71 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了思考不足的现象、影响及应对方法。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In my early 20s, desperate to move into my own place, I found a flat that seemed perfect and took it immediately, without considering whether the rent was actually affordable long-term. A year later, I was in financial trouble and had to move back with my family, feeling embarrassed that I’d made such a massive decision before.(在我20岁出头的时候，我迫切地想要搬到自己的住处，于是找到了一套看起来很完美的公寓，并立即租了下来，没有考虑租金是否真的能长期负担得起。一年后，我陷入了财务困境，不得不搬回家和家人一起住，为自己之前做出了如此重大的决定而感到尴尬)”可知，作者在没有充分考虑的情况下就做出了搬出去住的决定，结果一年后陷入财务困境，不得不搬回家。这体现了作者在没有充分思考的情况下就行动的倾向。故选B。 22．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“This pattern is what psychologists call “underthinking”.(这种模式就是心理学家所说的“欠思考”。)”和“People with ADHD (多动症), for instance, are more likely to be impulsive due to brain function problems.(例如，多动症患者由于大脑功能问题，更容易impulsive)”以及后文“due to brain function problems(由于大脑功能问题)”可知，多动症患者由于大脑功能问题，欠思考，更容易冲动行事，由此可知，impulsive意为“冲动的，鲁莽的”，与hot-headed意思相近。故选D。 23．段落大意题。根据第三段中“Interestingly, underthinking isn’t always harmful. In emergencies, it stops us from overanalysing and allows timely reactions — like performing the Heimlich manoeuvre, a first-aid procedure, when someone chokes. It can also prevent us from wasting energy on minor dilemmas (困境). The decisiveness helps us take charge under pressure and think more creatively. Nevertheless, the coin has another side. Jumping in too quickly often brings undesirable consequences.(有趣的是，思考不足并不总是有害的。在紧急情况下，它能阻止我们过度分析，并允许我们及时做出反应——比如当有人窒息时，进行海姆立克急救法。它还能防止我们在小困境上浪费精力。这种果断有助于我们在压力下掌控局面，更有创造性地思考。然而，硬币也有另一面。行动太快往往会带来不良后果)”可知，第三段主要讲述了思考不足既有积极影响也有消极影响。故选C。 24．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The key lies in categorizing decisions by risk level. Mundane choices, such as what to wear or have for dinner, are small decisions that don’t need much thought, and underthinking here actually saves energy for what matters. But decisions with lasting impact on relationships, finances, or career require careful consideration.(关键在于根据风险水平对决策进行分类。日常选择，比如穿什么或晚餐吃什么，都是小决定，不需要太多思考，在这里思考不足实际上能为重要的事情节省精力。但是，对人际关系、财务或职业有持久影响的决定需要仔细考虑)”可知，作者建议人们根据决策的风险水平对决策进行分类，即根据决策类型调整思考不足的程度。故选A。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $