2026届高三英语各地模考或重点中学（联考）阅读专项训练十九（D篇）

2026届高三英语各地模考或重点中学（联考）阅读专项训练十九（D篇）及答案详解 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一. （25-26高三下·福建·开学考试） This autumn, as the days are shortening, award-winning author and environmental campaigner Dara McAnulty is on a mission to encourage young people to find the wonders of nature at night-time. McAnulty’s new book, A Wild Child’s Guide to Nature at Night, is illustrated by Barry Falls. Both McAnulty and Falls are from Northern Ireland, and together they present the magic of nature at night found across Britain and Ireland. McAnulty says he’s always loved nocturnal creatures, which are active at night. “I think it’s like a sort of hidden world,” he says. The book is filled with interesting information about species, including McAnulty’s favourite — bats. His dad was licensed to look after bats and McAnulty shared his room with sleeping bats as a child. He describes them as “really delicate but really adorable little guys”. His favourite fact in the book is about tapetum lucidum, the reflective part of the eye that lots of creatures have. He loves it because it means you can often see creatures’ eyes looking back at you if you shine a torch (火把) into a dark place. In McAnulty’s free time, he enjoys going on long walks. “If I get a free hour, I’m just outside. I can always find nature everywhere,” he writes in the book. Writing also offers an escape, but McAnulty describes his younger self as a “slow learner of writing” and someone “angry at the world”. He says that writing his thoughts down helped him to feel better. McAnulty started off writing a blog in high school, and then wrote a book and met friends through his work, including environmental campaigner Chris Packham. He wrote A Wild Child’s Guide to Nature at Night while he was studying at Cambridge University. McAnulty hopes his books serve as an invitation into nature that says, “yes, you can come here”. He says he wants to show that “the world is a magical place, so treat it with respect”. 1．What does Dara McAnulty intend to achieve with his new book? A．To prove a hidden principle to children. B．To inspire nocturnal adventure in children. C．To highlight the unique wildlife of Britain. D．To share his personal bond with animals. 2．What can be inferred about McAnulty’s childhood experience with bats? A．They were frightening creatures to him. B．He developed a deep affection for them. C．They shaped his interest in animal vision. D．He was responsible for their daily care. 3．What does the author imply about McAnulty’s writing journey? A．It was an outlet for his emotions. B．It was a skill he acquired with ease. C．It was started in his college years. D．It turned him into an environmentalist. 4．What is the text? A．A news report. B．A children’s story. C．A diary entry. D．A book review. 二. （2026·山东·模拟预测） Horror fans have been painted with the same broad and bloody brush for decades: labelled as cold, unfeeling thrill-seekers who delight in others’ suffering. Film critics have described the fans and creators of films like Friday the 13th and Saw as “very sick people”. But I argue that these assumptions are all wrong. The misconceptions about horror fans were seemingly supported by evidence presented in an analysis from 2007. But the analysis is only as strong as the studies it summarizes. In this case, they had poorly defined variables. For example, the two studies with the strongest association with low empathy examined participant enjoyment of torture and short clips that concluded with cruel murders and no satisfactory resolution. These measures probably won’t tell you much about horror fans. The authors of the analysis admitted deep in the discussion section that the link between empathy and enjoyment of horror disappeared when those studies were removed. In 2024, I published a set of studies that directly addressed the question of horror fandom and empathy. The results were striking. Using standardised assessments, horror fans scored higher on empathy and compassion. When my colleagues and I examined the motivations of horror fans at frightening attractions, we found that “adrenaline junkies” represent only one subset. We also found a group we called “dark copers”, who use horror to process difficult emotions. Another group, “white knucklers,” confront fear to learn about themselves. The three-type model reveals that many fans aren’t just motivated by adrenaline (肾上腺素). But there is one common trait among them. My research has identified morbid curiosity (猎奇) as the most powerful predictor of horror fandom. It is this tendency to seek out information about threatening or death-related phenomena that drives a fascination with horror media. Studies show that people with higher levels of this curiosity demonstrate better preparedness for real crises and show increased resilience during stressful life events. The evidence paints a picture of horror fans being empathetic, curious and psychologically complicated. Horror is a proof to human adaptability and our remarkable capacity to find meaning, connection and even growth in the face of our deepest fears. 5．What is a conventional wisdom about horror fans? A．They lack empathy. B．They tend to fall sick. C．They desire comfort. D．They seek uniqueness. 6．What is the limitation of previous studies? A．They ignore the essence of humanity. B．The variables’ definition is indefinite. C．They rely much on participants’ feelings. D．The incomplete discussion is misleading. 7．Why is the three-type model mentioned in paragraph 4? A．To introduce types of horror fans. B．To show motivations of horror fans. C．To group fans based on their emotions. D．To compare different levels of curiosity. 8．What is the author’s attitude towards horrors? A．He doubted them. B．He dismissed them. C．He approved of them. D．He brushed them aside. 三. （25-26高三下·重庆沙坪坝·开学考试） When 28-year-old Clara lost her father in 2024, she inherited not only his property but also a voice-activated AI chatbot loaded with his voice, messages and unique laughter — a “digital doppelgänger” her father made to “stay with the family forever.” While the chatbot brought temporary comfort, it triggered a fierce dispute with her brother: Was this AI a legal part of their father’s heritage, or just a cold digital simulation to be deleted? The boom of generative AI has spawned a new type of asset — AI-enabled digital heritage,which covers traditional digital files as well as AI avatars and chatbots trained on personal data.Unlike tangible property or static (静态的) digital assets, this new heritage can mimic human behavior, interact with survivors and even “evolve” with new inputs, plunging legal and ethical systems as well as families into uncharted waters. Legally, most countries lack specific regulations for AI digital heritage, as existing inheritance laws, drafted for tangible assets and static data, fail to apply to dynamic AI entities with a degree of autonomy. A 2025 landmark case in Japan ruled that a deceased manga artist’s AI avatar could be inherited as a copyright-related work, yet the decision aroused controversy:critics argued that treating AI simulations as inheritable property ignores the intangible nature of personal identity. Ethically, the debate is deeper. Supporters stress its emotional value — an AI chatbot recalling shared memories in a loved one’s voice can ease grief, as a 2025 study by the International Institute of Digital Ethics showed 62% of respondents reported reduced depression after interacting with such AI. Opponents, however, warn of harms: over-reliance may hinder natural grief, and the AI could be exploited by hackers or companies for personal gain without consent. As AI advances, this issue will grow more pressing. Legal scholars call for “digital will” frameworks, while ethicists advocate balancing emotional needs with risks. Ultimately, the core debate lies in a fundamental question: In the digital age, what does it mean to preserve a person’s legacy, and where do we draw the line between honoring memory and exploiting the past? 9．What can be inferred from Clara’s case? A．Unclear rules cause family conflicts. B．AI fully copies the deceased’s personality. C．AI heritage is families' most valuable asset. D．Most reject AI doppelgängers as inheritance. 10．Why does the author cite the 2025 study? A．AI interaction cures depression. B．AI has potential emotional value. C．AI benefits all grieving families. D．AI doesn’t hinder the grieving process. 11．What is the author’s attitude towards current AI digital heritage regulation? A．Optimistic. B．Critical. C．Concerned. D．Indifferent. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．New Rules for New Heritage B．Digital Death or Digital Life? C．AI: A New Way to Remember D．AI Heritage: Law and Love in Balance 四. （2026·陕西·模拟预测） When we sit down to read a good book, we rarely take a pause to ponder over the wonder of the act we are performing. In the case of true literature, at least, reading is not simply the process of scanning a series of symbols on a page and trying to mentally encode the information they represent; it is a much more organic experience. As the words flow into our minds, we are continually piecing together a strange and unique universe that is a fusion of our own world, the characters’, and the author’s. Unlike the marks on the page, which appear the same to everyone, the stories that form in our minds are curiously personal mixtures; no two readers’ experiences are ever quite alike. This process is what author J. R. R. Tolkien referred to as “sub-creation,” and it is a fundamental and particular property of the written word. Tolkien himself would likely have been horrified at the recent series of movies based on his Lord of the Rings novels, despite their success and critical acclaim; he believed that the ability to visualize characters and scenes for oneself was the right and privilege of the reader alone. I cannot help but agree, for anytime a filmmaker shares his inner vision of a book with you, he simultaneously robs you of your own. Try as you might, you’ll never quite regain the pure, personal image of a story you once had; it will forever be tarnished (玷污) with vestiges (残余) of the figures you saw on the silver screen. Now, I do not mean to say that movies are no good, nor even that it is impossible to make a good movie based on a book; I simply wish filmmakers were more aware of the way their adaptations degrade the public’s enjoyment of the original works of literature. 13．What is the author’s concern? A．The extent to which literacy in our society has diminished. B．The limiting effects film can have on people’s imaginations. C．The ways in which film has positively impacted the literary field. D．The difficult task that filmmakers have in front of them. 14．What is suggested in the first sentence of paragraph 2? A．The reader’s imaginative process is less noble than that of the writer. B．Writing is the only art form that truly occupies one’s intellect. C．Tolkien would never write books if he knew they would be made into movies. D．The act of reading necessarily engages the imagination of the reader. 15．Which of the following situation would involve the same kind of “inner vision”? A．A screenwriter pens a story inspired by deeply personal memories. B．A serious writer takes a break from her career to create novelizations of films. C．A publisher decides to add more diagrams to a statistics textbook. D．A poem full of vivid imagery is used by an artist as the basis for oil paintings. 16．Which of the following occasion best describes the phrase “public’s enjoyment”? A．People are free to envision the author’s words. B．Anyone can understand difficult literary works. C．Moviegoers actually prefer a film adaptation to the original book. D．People read more because no other sources of entertainment are available. 五. （25-26高三下·湖北孝感·开学考试） Did you splurge (挥霍) on Black Friday this year? The answer may depend on your income. In a departure from long-held conventions, this year’s holiday spending patterns so far have been largely driven by household income, according to new data provided to The Washington Post by Consumer Edge. The richest households, with incomes over $150,000, spent 3 percent more between Black Friday and Cyber Monday than they did a year ago. Shoppers with household incomes less than $40,000, meanwhile, pulled back, spending 2 percent less than they did in the same period last year, when the opposite was true: Spending by lower-income families picked up at a faster rate than other income groups. This year, however, stubbornly high prices have left many of these families sitting out the unofficial shopping holiday altogether. For the first time, the top 10 percent of Americans account for nearly half of all spending, up from about 35 percent in the early 1990s. That dynamic has been particularly pronounced this holiday season, as retailers turn to deep discounts to win over customers. For the wealthy, this weekend serves as an opportunity to score luxuries like wine fridges at deep discounts. But for much of the country, those deals feel as out of reach as ever, as people struggle to keep up with everyday bills. The widening spending split reflects a larger divide across the economy. Lower-and middle-income Americans have been hard hit by rising costs for utilities (水电费), food and housing, which are making it tougher to afford the basics. They are increasingly falling behind on credit cards and car loans and are pulling back on spending as a result. Meanwhile, wealthier Americans have continued to spend generously, boosted by rising home values, stock market gains and outsize income growth. “This year looks different from the rest: No matter how you look at it, uneven economic conditions are shaping people’s spending,” said Michael Gunther, head of insights at Consumer Edge. 17．What can be inferred about last year’s spending pattern? A．It was determined by economic growth. B．It was largely varied across income groups. C．It was less influenced by economic inequality. D．It was balanced between income and spending. 18．What does the underlined word “dynamic” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The retailers’ deep discounts strategy. B．The wealthy’s near-half spending share. C．The stubborn prices of everyday essentials. D．The rising trend of purchasing luxury goods. 19．What is the main idea of paragraph 4? A．It describes the struggles in paying bills. B．It introduces different consumption customs. C．It highlights the overall increase of holiday sales. D．It explains economic causes for the spending gap. 20．Why is Michael Gunther’s words quoted? A．To give a concrete example for the trend. B．To make a summary of the key argument. C．To offer a solution to the economic problem. D．To provide an opposing view for further debate. 六. （2025·河北·二模） Being an information technology, or IT, worker is not a job I envy. They are the ones expected to instantly fix a projector that stops working, even right in the middle of a critical meeting. They have to tolerate the bad mood of colleagues who are upset after calling the help desk repeatedly for the same issue. They also know there are better, more reliable and faster systems available, but their employer simply will not provide the funds to buy them. According to a recent survey, employees reliant on IT support often consider it a major source of job dissatisfaction. Through no fault of their own, they can suddenly find their productivity deteriorating (下降) or quality control non-existent. And there’s little they can do about it. The experience of using IT affects almost every aspect of the workplace. It has become a crucial part of employees’ overall work experience. When IT is operating as it should, employee self-confidence increases. Their job satisfaction, too, can surge when well-functioning machines relieve them of dull tasks or repetitive processes. But if there’s one thing that triggers widespread frustration (沮丧), it’s a failed IT transformation project. In such cases, high expectations are dashed, and a long list of promised efficiencies fails to materialize. This occurs when business leaders implement IT initiatives with little consideration of how those changes will impact the end user. This is why managers should appreciate how influential the IT user experience is, and make a substantial effort to ensure their IT team fixes programming errors and application crashes. Adequate and timely IT support should also be available to help users resolve technological issues at work. More importantly, IT practitioners need to understand how employees feel when they use IT. Therefore, businesses need to design their IT infrastructure to fit their employees’ work, rather than force employees to work around the company’s IT limitations. 21．Why does the author say IT work is not a job he admires? A．Fixing equipment urgently during meetings. B．Knowing better systems are not funded. C．Dealing with unhappy colleagues repeatedly. D．Handling high-pressure tasks with poor support. 22．What is said about Information Technology’s influence on employees? A．It mainly helps the tech-skilled. B．Its negatives may outweigh positives. C．It can hurt or help work and well-being. D．It often lowers productivity and satisfaction. 23．What should managers and businesses do to improve the IT experience? A．Make IT training available to staff. B．Tailor technology to fit human work patterns. C．Upgrade systems regardless of cost for efficiency. D．Focus first on solving urgent technical breakdowns. 24．Which would be the best title for the text? A．Employee Training in the Digital Age B．The Rising Cost of Business Technology C．Why IT Departments Need More Funding D．Human-Centered IT: A Key to Productivity 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 《2026届高三英语各地模考或重点中学（联考）阅读专项训练十九（D篇）及答案详解》参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B B A D A B B C A B 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 C D B D D A C B D B 题号 21 22 23 24 答案 D C B D 一. 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D 【难度】0.7 【导语】本文是一篇书评。文章主要介绍了获奖作家兼环保活动家Dara McAnulty的新书《A Wild Child’s Guide to Nature at Night》，这本书旨在鼓励年轻人发现夜间大自然的奇妙之处，书中充满了关于夜间生物的有趣信息，并反映了作者对自然的热爱和尊重。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“This autumn, as the days are shortening, award-winning author and environmental campaigner Dara McAnulty is on a mission to encourage young people to find the wonders of nature at night-time. (今年秋天，随着白昼变短，获奖作家兼环保活动家Dara McAnulty肩负着一项使命，即鼓励年轻人在夜间发现大自然的奇妙之处。)”可知，Dara McAnulty写这本书的目的是鼓励年轻人在夜间去探索大自然，即激发孩子们的夜间冒险精神。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“His dad was licensed to look after bats and McAnulty shared his room with sleeping bats as a child. He describes them as ‘really delicate but really adorable little guys’. (他的父亲有照看蝙蝠的执照，McAnulty小时候就和睡着的蝙蝠共用一个房间。他把它们描述为‘非常脆弱但非常可爱的小家伙’。)”可知，McAnulty小时候就和蝙蝠住在一起，并且觉得它们非常可爱，由此可推知，他对蝙蝠有着深厚的感情。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“Writing also offers an escape, but McAnulty describes his younger self as a ‘slow learner of writing’ and someone ‘angry at the world’. He says that writing his thoughts down helped him to feel better. (写作也是一种逃避，但McAnulty将自己年轻时形容为‘写作学习缓慢的人’和‘对世界愤怒的人’。他说，写下自己的想法有助于他感觉好一些。)”可知，写作是McAnulty情绪的一种宣泄途径，帮助他改善情绪。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据全文内容，文章主要介绍了Dara McAnulty的新书《A Wild Child’s Guide to Nature at Night》，包括书的内容、作者的经历以及写作目的等，由此可推知，本文是一篇书评。故选D项。 二. 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了恐怖片粉丝的刻板印象，指出他们并非冷漠无情，而是具有同理心和好奇心，并通过研究揭示了恐怖片粉丝的多样动机和心理复杂性。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Horror fans have been painted with the same broad and bloody brush for decades: labelled as cold, unfeeling thrill-seekers who delight in others’ suffering.(几十年来，恐怖片粉丝一直被用同样宽泛且血腥的笔触描绘：他们被贴上冷漠、无情的寻求刺激者的标签，以他人的痛苦为乐)”可知，传统观念认为恐怖片粉丝缺乏同理心。故选A项。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“The misconceptions about horror fans were seemingly supported by evidence presented in an analysis from 2007. But the analysis is only as strong as the studies it summarizes. In this case, they had poorly defined variables. For example, the two studies with the strongest association with low empathy examined participant enjoyment of torture and short clips that concluded with cruel murders and no satisfactory resolution. These measures probably won’t tell you much about horror fans. The authors of the analysis admitted deep in the discussion section that the link between empathy and enjoyment of horror disappeared when those studies were removed.(关于恐怖片爱好者的误解，看似得到了2007年一项分析研究的支持。然而，这类分析的可靠性完全取决于其所总结的具体研究质量。就此次分析而言，研究中变量的界定存在明显缺陷。例如，其中两项最能体现“低共情”关联性的研究，测量的是参与者对酷刑情节的接受度，以及观看以残忍谋杀收尾且毫无圆满结局的短片时的反应。这类测量指标恐怕难以真实反映恐怖片爱好者的特征。该分析报告的作者在讨论部分的末尾也承认，一旦剔除这两项研究，共情能力与恐怖片喜爱度之间的关联便不复存在)”可知，先前研究的局限性在于变量的界定存在明显缺陷，即变量的定义不明确。故选B项。 7．推理判断题。根据第四段中“When my colleagues and I examined the motivations of horror fans at frightening attractions, we found that “adrenaline junkies” represent only one subset. We also found a group we called “dark copers”, who use horror to process difficult emotions. Another group, “white knucklers,” confront fear to learn about themselves. The three-type model reveals that many fans aren’t just motivated by adrenaline (肾上腺素).(当我和同事们研究恐怖景点中恐怖片粉丝的动机时，我们发现“寻求刺激者”只是其中的一个子集。我们还发现了一群我们称之为“黑暗应对者”的人，他们利用恐怖来处理困难的情绪。另一群人，“硬着头皮面对者”，则通过面对恐惧来了解自己。这三种类型模式表明，许多粉丝的动机不仅仅是肾上腺素)”可知，第四段提到三种类型模式是为了展示恐怖片粉丝的不同动机。故选B项。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The evidence paints a picture of horror fans being empathetic, curious and psychologically complicated. Horror is a proof to human adaptability and our remarkable capacity to find meaning, connection and even growth in the face of our deepest fears.(这些证据描绘出恐怖片粉丝富有同理心、充满好奇心且心理复杂的形象。恐怖证明了人类的适应能力，以及我们在面对最深的恐惧时寻找意义、联系甚至成长的不凡能力)”可知，作者对恐怖片持认可态度。故选C项。 三. 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．D 【难度】0.55 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了生成式人工智能的兴起引发了关于人工智能数字遗产在法律和伦理方面的激烈争论。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段中“While the chatbot brought temporary comfort, it triggered a fierce dispute with her brother: Was this AI a legal part of their father’s heritage, or just a cold digital simulation to be deleted?(虽然这个聊天机器人带来了暂时的安慰，但它引发了她与哥哥的激烈争执：这个人工智能是他们父亲遗产的合法部分，还是一个应该被删除的冰冷的数字模拟？)”以及第三段“Legally, most countries lack specific regulations for AI digital heritage, as existing inheritance laws, drafted for tangible assets and static data, fail to apply to dynamic AI entities with a degree of autonomy.(在法律上，大多数国家缺乏针对人工智能数字遗产的具体法规，因为现有的继承法是针对有形资产和静态数据制定的，不适用于具有一定自主性的动态人工智能实体)”可知，由于缺乏明确规则，导致家庭内部出现冲突。故选A。 10．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Ethically, the debate is deeper. Supporters stress its emotional value — an AI chatbot recalling shared memories in a loved one’s voice can ease grief, as a 2025 study by the International Institute of Digital Ethics showed 62% of respondents reported reduced depression after interacting with such AI.(在伦理上，争论更为深入。支持者强调其情感价值——一个用亲人声音回忆共同记忆的人工智能聊天机器人可以缓解悲伤，正如国际数字伦理研究所2025年的一项研究显示，62%的受访者表示在与这种人工智能互动后抑郁情绪有所减轻)”可知，作者引用2025年的研究是为了说明人工智能具有潜在的情感价值。故选B。 11．推理判断题。根据第三段“Legally, most countries lack specific regulations for AI digital heritage, as existing inheritance laws, drafted for tangible assets and static data, fail to apply to dynamic AI entities with a degree of autonomy.(在法律上，大多数国家缺乏针对人工智能数字遗产的具体法规，因为现有的继承法是针对有形资产和静态数据制定的，不适用于具有一定自主性的动态人工智能实体)”以及最后一段“As AI advances, this issue will grow more pressing. Legal scholars call for “digital will” frameworks, while ethicists advocate balancing emotional needs with risks.(随着人工智能的发展，这个问题将变得更加紧迫。法律学者呼吁建立“数字遗嘱”框架，而伦理学家则主张平衡情感需求与风险)”可知，作者对于当前人工智能数字遗产的监管现状是担忧的。故选C。 12．主旨大意题。文章主要围绕人工智能数字遗产展开，讨论了其在法律和伦理方面的问题，强调需要在法律和情感之间找到平衡，选项D“AI Heritage: Law and Love in Balance(人工智能遗产：法律与爱的平衡)”最符合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D。 四. 13．B 14．D 15．D 16．A 【难度】0.55 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了阅读文学作品时读者会进行独特的想象与二次创作，而改编电影会限制、破坏读者原本的个人想象，作者对此表示担忧，希望电影制作者能意识到这一点。 13．推理判断题。根据第二段“I cannot help but agree, for anytime a filmmaker shares his inner vision of a book with you, he simultaneously robs you of your own. Try as you might, you’ll never quite regain the pure, personal image of a story you once had; it will forever be tarnished (玷污) with vestiges (残余) of the figures you saw on the silver screen. (我不得不表示赞同，因为每当一位电影制作人向你传达他对一本书的内心构想时，他同时也剥夺了你自己的想法。无论你如何努力，都无法完全找回你曾经拥有的那份纯粹、个人化的故事印象；它永远会因银幕上那些形象的影子而蒙上一层污点)”以及第三段“I simply wish filmmakers were more aware of the way their adaptations degrade the public’s enjoyment of the original works of literature. (我只是希望电影制作人能更清楚地意识到，他们的改编会降低公众对文学原著的欣赏程度)”可知，作者担忧的是改编电影会限制人们的想象力，破坏读者对原著纯粹的个人想象。故选B。 14．推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“This process is what author J. R. R. Tolkien referred to as ‘sub-creation,’ and it is a fundamental and particular property of the written word. (这个过程就是作家J.R.R.托尔金所说的“二次创作”，这是书面文字的一个基本且独特的属性)”，结合上文第一段对阅读过程的描述“In the case of true literature, at least, reading is not simply the process of scanning a series of symbols on a page and trying to mentally encode the information they represent; it is a much more organic experience. As the words flow into our minds, we are continually piecing together a strange and unique universe that is a fusion of our own world, the characters’, and the author’s. (至少在真实文学的情况下，阅读不仅仅是浏览页面上的一系列符号并试图在脑海中解码它们所代表的信息；这是一种更具整体性的体验。当文字流入我们的脑海，我们不断拼凑出一个奇特而独特的世界，这个世界融合了我们自己的世界、人物的世界和作者的世界)”可知，阅读的过程就是读者进行二次创作、主动展开想象构建专属故事世界的过程，这表明阅读行为必然会调动读者的想象力。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据第二段“he believed that the ability to visualize characters and scenes for oneself was the right and privilege of the reader alone. (他认为，独自想象人物和场景的能力是读者独有的权利和特权)”可知，“inner vision”指的是个体根据文字内容在脑海中自主构建出人物、场景、画面的内心想象。D选项一首意象生动的诗歌被艺术家用作油画创作的依据，是艺术家根据文字在内心形成画面再进行创作，与文中“inner vision”本质一致，故选D。 16．推理判断题。根据第一段“Unlike the marks on the page, which appear the same to everyone, the stories that form in our minds are curiously personal mixtures; no two readers’ experiences are ever quite alike. (与页面上的标记不同，这些标记对每个人来说都是一样的，在我们脑海中形成的故事是奇特的个人化融合体；没有两个读者的体验是完全相同的)”以及第二段“he believed that the ability to visualize characters and scenes for oneself was the right and privilege of the reader alone. (他认为，独自想象人物和场景的能力是读者独有的权利和特权)”可知，公众对文学作品的享受，核心在于可以自由地根据作者的文字去想象、构建属于自己的故事世界。故选A。 五. 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．B 【难度】0.61 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要分析了今年“黑色星期五”期间出现的消费分化新趋势：高收入家庭支出增加，而低收入家庭支出减少。文章探讨了这种分化背后的经济原因（如高物价对低收入家庭的冲击、资产增值对高收入家庭的助推），并指出这反映了更广泛的经济不平等。 17．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The richest households, with incomes over $150,000, spent 3 percent more between Black Friday and Cyber Monday than they did a year ago. Shoppers with household incomes less than $40,000, meanwhile, pulled back, spending 2 percent less than they did in the same period last year, when the opposite was true: Spending by lower-income families picked up at a faster rate than other income groups. (年收入超过15万美元的最富裕家庭，在黑色星期五到网络星期一期间的消费比一年前增长了3%。与此同时，家庭收入低于4万美元的消费者却缩减了开支，消费额比去年同期下降了2%。而去年的情况恰恰相反：低收入家庭的消费增速高于其他收入群体。)”可知，去年低收入者消费增长更快，与今年贫富差距导致的消费分化不同，由此可推断去年受经济不平等的影响较小。故选 C。 18．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“For the first time, the top 10 percent of Americans account for nearly half of all spending, up from about 35 percent in the early 1990s. That dynamic has been particularly pronounced this holiday season (首次，收入最高的10%的美国人占所有消费的近一半，而20世纪90年代初这一比例约为35%。这种dynamic在今年假日季尤为明显)”可知，而20世纪90年代初那个dynamic约为35%，这里dynamic指的是前文提到的收入最高的10%的美国人占所有消费的近一半这一情况。选项B“The wealthy’s near-half spending share. (富人近一半的消费份额。)”符合题意。故选B。 19．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“The widening spending split reflects a larger divide across the economy. Lower-and middle-income Americans have been hard hit by rising costs for utilities (水电费), food and housing, which are making it tougher to afford the basics. (消费差距的扩大反映了整个经济中更大的分化。中低收入美国人受到水电费、食品和住房成本上升的严重打击，这使得他们更难负担基本生活费用。)”可知，本段主要解释了造成消费差距的经济原因。故选D。 20． 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“This year looks different from the rest: No matter how you look at it, uneven economic conditions are shaping people’s spending (今年看起来与众不同：无论你怎么看，不均衡的经济状况正在影响人们的消费)”以及前文对今年消费模式因收入不同而不同以及造成这种差距的经济原因的阐述可知，引用Michael Gunther的话是对前文关键论点的总结。故选B。 六. 21．D 22．C 23．B 24．D 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过分析IT工作者面临的困境、IT系统对普通员工工作效率与满意度的双重影响，最终论证了企业管理中应以员工体验为中心设计技术方案的必要性。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段中“They are the ones expected to instantly fix a projector that stops working, even right in the middle of a critical meeting. They have to tolerate the bad mood of colleagues who are upset after calling the help desk repeatedly for the same issue. They also know there are better, more reliable and faster systems available, but their employer simply will not provide the funds to buy them.(他们需要在关键时刻迅速修复出现故障的投影仪，哪怕是在一场重要的会议进行到一半的时候。他们必须忍受那些因多次致电服务台解决同一问题而心情不佳的同事们的抱怨。他们还知道，市面上有更先进、更可靠、更高效的系统可供选择，但他们的雇主却根本不会拨出资金来购买这些系统)”可知，作者列举了IT工作者的工作内容，综合来看，他们要处理各种高压力任务，且得不到足够的支持， D项Handling high-pressure tasks with poor support(在缺乏有力支持的情况下处理高压力任务)最全面准确，能概括作者不羡慕IT工作的原因。故选D项。 22．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The experience of using IT affects almost every aspect of the workplace. It has become a crucial part of employees’ overall work experience. When IT is operating as it should, employee self-confidence increases.(使用信息技术的经历几乎影响了工作场所的方方面面。它已成为员工整体工作体验中至关重要的一部分。当信息技术正常运行时，员工的自信心会增强)”及第四段中“Their job satisfaction, too, can surge when well-functioning machines relieve them of dull tasks or repetitive processes. But if there’s one thing that triggers widespread frustration (沮丧), it’s a failed IT transformation project.(当运行良好的设备减轻了他们单调的任务或重复性的流程时，他们的工作满意度也会大幅提升。但有一件事会引发广泛的沮丧情绪，那就是信息技术转型项目的失败)”可知，信息技术对员工的影响既有积极的一面，也有消极的一面，即它可以影响工作和生活的好坏，C项It can hurt or help work and well-being.(它可能会对工作和幸福感产生不利影响，也可能带来积极的作用)与文章内容相符。故选C项。 23．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Therefore, businesses need to design their IT infrastructure to fit their employees’ work, rather than force employees to work around the company’s IT limitations.(因此，企业需要设计其信息技术基础设施以适应员工的工作需求，而不是迫使员工绕过公司的信息技术限制)”可知，企业需要设计适合员工工作的IT基础设施，要根据人类的工作模式定制技术。故选B项。 24．主旨大意题。纵观全文，尤其根据最后一段“Therefore, businesses need to design their IT infrastructure to fit their employees’ work, rather than force employees to work around the company’s IT limitations.(因此，企业需要设计其信息技术基础设施以适应员工的工作需求，而不是迫使员工绕过公司的信息技术限制)”可知，本文先揭示IT工作者及普通员工因技术问题面临的困境（引出现象）， 进而分析IT对员工效率与心理的双重影响（剖析问题），最后提出根本出路在于以员工为中心设计IT系统（提出解决方案）。D项“Human-Centered IT: A Key to Productivity (以人为本的信息技术：提高生产力的关键因素)”概括了文章主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $