专题08 代词（知识清单）-2026年小升初英语复习讲练测（江苏版）

小升初英语专题总复习 专题08 代词 考点梳理 代词是代替名词在句子中起名词作用的词。它常用来代替前面已经提到过的人或物。 代词根据其意义、特征及在句中的作用可分为八类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、关系代词和相互代词。小学阶段主要学习人称代词、物主代词、反 身代词、指示代词、不定代词和疑问代词这六类。 中 考点一  人称代词 ❶ 人称代词的定义 人称代词是指为了避免重复，用来代替前面提到过的人、动物或事物名称的词。 ❷人称代词的形式 人称代词有人称、数与格的变化，如下表所示： 格数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单 数 复 数 单 数 复 数 单 数 复 数 主 格 I we you you he, she, it they 宾 格 me us you you him, her, it them ❸人称代词的用法 A.人称代词的主格在句中作主语。如： I am doing my homework.我正在做作业。 They often go swimming in summer.夏天他们经常去游泳。 B.人称代词的宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语。如： My classmate often helps me with my English.我的同学经常帮我学英语。 The flowers are for her.这些花是给她的。 C. 人称代词的宾格在句中作表语。如： —Who's the boy in the photo?照片里的男孩是谁？ —He's me.是我。 ➍ 人称代词it的基本用法 人称代词it的用法比较特殊，在句中可指代许多事物。一般来讲，it常用于以下情况： A. 用来表示时间、天气、环境、距离等。如： What time is it?几点了？ It is sunny today.今天天气晴朗。 It is quiet in the reading room.阅览室里很安静。 How far is it from here?它离这儿有多远？ B. 代替前文已提到过的事物。如： —Where's my mobile phone?我的手机在哪里？ —It is on the sofa.它在沙发上。 C. 指代性别不明的婴儿或动物。如： Is it a boy or a girl?是男孩还是女孩？ D. 指代不确定的人或事物。如： —Who's it?谁呀？—It is me.是我。 ➎ 人称代词并列时的排序 A. 单数人称代词作并列主语时，顺序为第二人称→第三人称→第一人称，即you→he/she/it→I.如：You, he and I are all students.你、他和我都是学生。 B. 复数人称代词作并列主语时，顺序为第一人称→第二人称→第三人称，即we→you→they.如：We, you and they went to the farm last week.我们、你们和他们上周去了农场。 巧学妙记 人称代词的排列顺序 人称代词并列现，注意顺序礼貌见； 单数人称二、三、一，复数人称一、二、三； 麻烦事情“我”站前，其他人称没意见。 考点再现01 一、用所给代词的正确形式填空。 1.Can you help ________(he) with ________(he) English? 2. Where is ________(she)? I can't find ________(she). 3. My father is talking with ________ (I). 4. It's time for ________(they) to go home. 5. Shall ________(we) go to the zoo by bus or by bike? 二、用适当的人称代词填空。 1.—What's the weather like today? —________is cloudy. 2.—I' d like to go for a walk. —________, too. 3. Tom and Kate are classmates. ________ study hard every day. 4. Lingling is a girl. ________ studies in a primary school. Her brother lives with________ and helps ________ to prepare the lessons. 中 考点二  物主代词 ❶ 物主代词的定义和分类 物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，它实际上是人称代词的所有格形式。根据其句法作用，物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。 ❷ 物主代词的形式 物主代词有人称和数的变化，如下表所示： 人称 类别 单 数 复 数 形容词性 名词性 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 my mine our ours 第二人称 your yours your yours 第三人称 his his their theirs her hers its its ❸ 物主代词的用法 A.形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，在句中作定语，后面跟名词。如： my room我的房 间,his book他的书,her glasses她的眼镜。 B.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，具有名词的性质，在句中不能用作定语，可作主语、宾语和表语。如： This isn't her bike. Hers is over there.这不是她的自行车。她的在那边。 The yellow jacket is mine.这件黄色的夹克衫是我的。 巧学妙记 物主代词用法口诀 物主代词两类型，形容词与名词性。 形容词性能力差，后面要把名词加。 名词性却能力强，自己独立来当家。 名词性要独立用，主宾表语它都充。 也可简单地说成“名”则形无名则“名”。 考点再现02 一、单项选择。 ( )1.—Is that your picture, John? —No, it's Zhang Peng's. This one is ________. A. mine B. my C. me ( )2.—Kate and Mike do ________ homework in the evening. —They're hard-working. A. one's B. his C. their 二、填写适当的代词补全对话。 Tom: Whose bike is it? Is it 1 ? Mary: No, it's not 2 . 3 is red, but this bike is blue. Tom: Is 4 Jane' s? Mary: Sorry, I don't know. Maybe it's 5 Tom: Jane, is this 6 bike? Jane: No, it's not 7 . You can ask Bill. Maybe it's 8 . Tom: Bill, is this bike 9 ? Bill: Oh, yes, it's 10 bike. Thank you very much! 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________ 中 考点三  反身代词 ❶反身代词的定义 表示“我（们）自己、你（们）自己、他/她/它（们）自己”的代词被称为反身代词。 ❷反身代词的基本形式 第一、第二人称的反身代词由相应的形容词性物主代词加上-self或-selves构成，第三人称的反身代词由相应的人称代词的宾格加上-self或-selves构成。具体如下表： 人称 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单 数 myself yourself himself herself itself 复 数 ourselves yourselves themselves ❸反身代词的基本用法 A.作动词或介词的宾语。如： She is teaching herself English.她在自学英语。 She is talking to herself.她在自言自语。 He lives by himself in the country.他独自住在乡下。 B.作主语或宾语的同位语，主要起加强语气的作用，译作“亲自，本身，本人”。如： Did you make the cake yourself?这蛋糕是你亲自做的吗?(yourself作主语you的同位语) The work itself is easy. 这工作本身很容易。(itself作主语the work的同位语) C. 在be,feel,look,seem等系动词后作表语，表示身体或精神状态正常。如： I'm not myself today.今天我感觉不舒服。 D.用于一些简短的会话用语或固定说法中。如： Help yourself! 随便吃！ Make yourself at home! 别客气！ 考点再现03 一、单项选择。 ( )1.My mother lets me do some things by ________. A. me B. I C. my D. myself ( )2. Lily was 12 years old. ________ was old enough to go to school by ________. A. She; she B. She; herself C. Her; herself D. Her; she ( )3.—Would you go there by ________? —I'm not sure. A. yourself B. myself C. himself D. herself 二、用所给代词的正确形式填空。 1. He is too young to dress ________(he). 2.—Who taught you English last year? —Nobody taught me. I taught ________(I). 3.—Help ________(you) to some meat, Mary. —Thank you. 中 考点四  指示代词 ❶指示代词的定义和分类 指示代词是用来指示特定的人或物的代词。 数 指示代词 用 法 单 数 this（这，这个） 指距离较近的单个人或物。 that（那，那个） 指距离较远的单个人或物。 复数 these（这些） 指距离较近的多个人或物。 those（那些） 指距离较远的多个人或物。 ❷ 指示代词的用法 指示代词在句中可用作主语、宾语、定语等。如： These are apples. 这些是苹果。（作主语） Please give this to Liu Tao.请把这个给刘涛。（作宾语） These flowers are beautiful.这些花真漂亮。（作定语） ❸ 指示代词之间的用法区别 A. 指示代词后面所接的词不尽相同。this和that后接名词的单数形式；these和those后接名词的复数形式。如：this/that book这本/那本书, these/those books这些/那些书。 B. 指示代词在意义上有远近的差别。this和these指空间上离说话人较近的事物；that和those指空间上离说话人较远的事物。如： This is my diary. 这是我的日记本。 These are red apples. 这些是红苹果。 What is that over there? 那边的那个是什么？ What are those over there? 那边的那些是什么？ C. 指示代词this和that可以用来代替前面提到的内容。如： I'm late again. This makes my teacher angry.我又迟到了。这令我的老师很生气。 D. 在打电话时，通常用this指自己，用that指对方。如： Hello. This is Jim. Is that Miss Li?你好，我是吉姆，是李老师吗？ 考点再现04 一、单项选择。 ( )1. ________ is my cousin, and ________ are my classmates. A. This; this B. This; these C. These; these D. That; these ( )2.—Are ________ your watches? —Yes, they are. A. this B. that C. these D. whose ( )3.—Is ________ Li Ping? —Yes, speaking. A. this B. she C. that D. it 二、按要求完成下列任务。 1. Is this your pen?(作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ 2. Are those Kate's parents?(作肯定回答) ________________________________________________________ 3. Is this her dictionary?(改为复数句) ________________________________________________________ 4. Those aren't our watches.(改为单数句) ________________________________________________________ 中 考点五  不定代词 ❶ 不定代词的定义 不定代词指用于代替或说明一些非特定的人或物的代词。 ❷ 不定代词的分类 常见的不定代词有some, any, no, many, much, little, every, one, all, both, other, another等。另外，还有由some, any, no, every等词构成的复合不定代词：somebody, someone, something; anybody, anyone, anything; nobody, no one, nothing; everybody, everyone, everything. ❸ 一些常见不定代词的用法比较 A. some, any与no a. some和any都表示“一些”，它们可以修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。some一般用在肯定句中，any一般用于否定句或疑问句中。但在表示请求、建议或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中，应该用some而不用any。如： There are some footballs in the playground.操场上有一些足球。 Is there any milk in the glass?玻璃杯里有一些牛奶吗？ There aren't any pictures on the wall.墙上没有画。 Would you like some coffee?你想要些咖啡吗？ b. no表示“没有”，等于not any或not a/an,表示否定的意思。如： There's no water in the bottle. =There's not any water in the bottle. 瓶子里没有水。 There's no student in the classroom. =There's not a student in the classroom. 教室里没有学生。 B. every与each every和each表示“每个”。every强调整体概念，有“所有人”的含义；each强调个体概念，有“各自”的含义。如： Every student in our class is helpful. 我们班上的每个学生都乐于助人。 Each of them has a computer. 他们每个人都有一台电脑。 C. both与all both和all均表示“都”。both强调“两者都”；all表示“三者或三者以上都”。如： Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 All the students are very excited. 所有的学生都很兴奋。 D. many与much many, much都表示“许多，大量”。many修饰可数名词的复数形式；much修饰不可数名词。如：I have many flowers in my garden. 我的花园里有许多花。 There's much rain in summer. 夏天雨水多。 考点再现05 单项选择。 ( )1.—Would you like some tea? —Yes, just ________. A. a few B. few C. a little D. little ( )2.—Would you like ________ for supper? —Yes. I'd like some jiaozi. A. something Chinese B. Chinese something C. anything Chinese D. Chinese anything ( )3.—Would you like some tea or coffee? —________, thanks. I've had enough. A. Either B. Neither C. Some D. Both ( )4. This is my school. ________ of the teachers are OK in the school. A. Every B. Each C. Either D. All 中 考点六  疑问代词 ❶ 疑问代词的定义 疑问代词是指用来表达疑问或构成特殊疑问句的代词。它在句中起名词（短语）的作用，主要用于询问“何人”“何物”“什么”。 ❷ 疑问代词的分类 疑问代词主要有who, whom, whose, what和which. 其中who, whom, whose指人；what指物；which既可指人也可指物。疑问代词要放在句子的开头，引导特殊疑问句。 ❸ 疑问代词的用法 A. who指“谁”，是主格，用于对人的提问，在句中多用作主语；在口语中也可用作宾语。如： Who's the boy with big eyes?这个长着大眼睛的男孩是谁？ Who are you writing to?你在给谁写信？ B. whom也指“谁”，是who的宾格，在句中用作动词或介词的宾语。在口语中作宾语时，可用who代替；但在介词后面只能用whom。如： Who(m) are they talking about?他们在谈论谁？ Who(m) did you see yesterday morning?你昨天上午看见了谁？ To whom are you writing? 你在给谁写信？ C. whose指“谁的”，用来询问所有关系，是who的所有格，相当于一个定语，因此后面接名词。如：Whose jacket is this?这是谁的夹克衫？ D.what是指“什么”，用于对事或物的提问，有时也可以对人的职业、性格等进行提问，没有一定的范围限制。如： What do you like?你喜欢什么？ What's your mother?你妈妈是做什么的？ E.which是指“哪一个”，用于对人、事或物的提问，有一定的范围限制。如： Which animal do you like better, a rabbit or a monkey?你更喜欢哪个动物，兔子还是猴子？ 易错提示 what与which的区别 what的选择对象往往没有明确限制，而which表示在一定范围内的选择。如： What is for dinner, Mum?（没有明确范围，只要是可以吃的。） 妈妈，晚饭吃什么？ Which season do you like better, summer or winter?（选择对象有两个：夏季和冬季。） 你更喜欢哪个季节，夏季还是冬季？ 考点再现06 一、用合适的疑问代词填空。 1.—________is this? —It's a map. 2.—________does your mother do? —She is a cleaner. 3.—________one do you like? —I like the blue one. 4.—________is your sister talking to? —She's talking to her teacher. 二、给下列问句选出正确的应答语。A. It's Lucy's. B. Mike. C. I like the one on the right. D. I often play football. ( )1. Who is taller, Mike or John? ( )2. Which one do you like, Joe? ( )3. Whose T-shirt is this? ( )4. What do you often do after school? 强化训练 一、填写下列表格。 人称代词 第一人称(单数) 主格 宾格 第一人称(复数) 第二人称(单数) 第二人称(复数) 第三人称(单数) he/she/it 第三人称(复数) 二、按要求写词。 1. this(对应词)________ 2. that(复数)________ 3. my(主格)________ 4. she(形容词性物主代词)________ 5. he(宾格)________ 6. you(复数)________ 7. that(反义词)________ 8. it(形容词性物主代词)________ 9. they(单数) ________ 10. his(主格)________ 11. I(复数)________ 12. you(形容词性物主代词)________ 三、选出括号中正确的词填空。 1. This is________(my/I) family. 2. What's ________(this/that) over there? 3. This is Helen. ________(She/You) is my friend. 4. Are________(your/you) Miss Li? 5. Nice to meet ________(your/you). 6. Would you like ________(something/anything) to eat? 7.________(He/His) mother is a good teacher. 8. I have a cat.________(It's/Its) name is Mimi.________(It's/Its) very lovely. 9. There are two signs on the wall. One is “Danger”,________(the others/the other) is “No smoking”. 10.________(Who’s/Whose) T-shirt is this? 四、选词填空。 Which Who Whose Why What 1.—________is your name? —I'm Mike. 2.—________one is your favourite? —I’d like the green one. 3.—________are the gloves? —They're mine. 4.—________is the little boy? —He's my brother. 5.—________ do you run so fast? —Because I run in the playground every morning. 五、用正确的物主代词填空。 1. This is my book. It's ________. 2. That is ________ pencil. It's yours. 3. She could ride a bike when ________was seven years old. 4. This is Helen. This is Mike. Both of ________are my good friends. 5.—________ cake is this? —It's Mike's. Today is ________ birthday. 6. Let's go and have a look at Su Hai. She is not good at Maths. Let's help ________. 7. Kate is a good girl. She always does ________homework carefully. 8. Give ________some paper, please. I want to write something. 六、选择 some和 any填空。 1.—Would you like ________orange juice? —Yes. There's not ________ juice in my glass. 2. There are ________ apples in the basket. 3. There isn't ________milk in the fridge. 4. Can I have ________water? I'm thirsty. 5. Do you have ________paper? 七、单项选择。 ( )1. ________ classroom is big. A. We B. Us C. Our D. Them ( )2. Do you know ________? A. I B. my C.me D. mine ( )3. C. it a bird. ________name is Polly. A. Its;Its B. It's;Its C. It's;It's D. It's;It's ( )4.—________is your brother? —He's 20 years old. A. How much B. What C. How old D. What's ( )5.—It's a white shirt. Is it yours? —No, ________ is yellow. A. I B. my C. mine D. it's ( )6.—________ is your phone number? —My phone number is 59811678. A. Which B. What C. How many D. How ( )7. These books are my ________. A. students B. students’s C. students' D. studentes 八、根据中文提示，完成句子或对话。 1.—那些是什么? —它们是梨。 —What are ________? —________ pears. 2.这些都是我们的书。 All of these are ________ books. 3.(电话用语)我是萨姆。你是鲍比吗? ________is Sam. Is ________ Bobby? 4.听我说，上课时你要认真听你们老师讲课。 Listen to ________. You should listen to ________teacher carefully in class. 5.—坐在我后面的男孩是谁? —他是迈克，海伦的弟弟。 —Who's the boy sitting behind ________? —________Mike,________ brother. 6.我们一起去看电影吧！ ________go to the cinema! 7.我们的教室在二楼。 ________________________________________________ 8.李老师教我们英语。 ________________________________________________ 9.—这是谁的外套? —它是迈克的。 ________________________________________________ 九、按要求完成句子。 1. Miss White is our new English teacher.(对画线部分提问) ________________________________________________ 2. Onions are my favourite vegetable.(对画线部分提问) ________________________________________________ 3. I like sport. (改为否定句) ________________________________________________ 4. I often read books in this park.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答) —______________________________________________ —______________________________________________ 参考答案 考点再现01 一、1. him his 2. she her 3. me 4. them 5. we 二、1. It 2. Me 3. They 4. She her her 考点再现02 一、1. A 2. C 二、1. yours 2. mine 3. Mine 4. it 5. hers 6. your 7. mine 8. his 9. yours 10. my 考点再现03 一、1. D 2. B 3. A 二、1. himself 2. myself 3. yourself 考点再现04 一、1. B 2. C 3. C 二、1. No, it isn't. 2. Yes, they are. 3. Are these their dictionaries? 4. That isn't my watch. 考点再现05 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 考点再现06 一、1. What 2. What 3. Which 4. Who/ Whom 二、1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 强化训练 一、I, me, we, us, you, you,you, you, him/her/it, they, them(从左到右，从上到下) 二、1. that 2. those 3. I4. her 5. him 6. you 7. this 8. its 9. it/he/she 10. he 11. we 12. your 三、1. my 2. that over there 表示“在那里”, that 表示“那个”。 3. She 第二句中 be 动词是 is,因此主语是第三人称单数。 4. you 5. you 6. something “Would you like …?”表示“你想要……吗”，表示希望得到肯定答复,用 something。 7. His 8. Its, It's 9. the other “One ... , the other ...”表示“一个……,另一个……”。 10. Whose 四、1. What 2. Which 3. Whose 4. Who 5. Why 本题考查的是特殊疑问词的使用，在完成题目时，可以结合答句选择相应的特殊疑问词。 五、1. mine 横线后无名词，因此用名词性物主代词， my 的形容词性物主代词为mine。 2. your 3. she 4. them 5. Whose, his 表示“谁的”用 whose;第二句句意为“今天是他的生日”，用形容词性物主代词 his。 6. her7.her8.me 六、1.some 2. some 3. any 4. some 5. any 七、1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. C 八、1. those, They're 2. our 3. This, that 4.me your5.me,He' 6. Let's 7. Our classroom is on the second floor. 8. Miss/Mr/Mrs Li teaches us English. 9.—Whose coat is this/Whose is this coat? —It's Mike's. 九、1. Who is your new English teacher? 2. What's your favourite vegetable? 3. I don't like sport. 4.—Do you often read books in this park? —Yes, I do. 第 1 页 共 10 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $