专题10 介词（知识清单）-2026年小升初英语复习讲练测（江苏版）

小升初英语专题总复习 专题10 介词 考点梳理 介词是用在名词、代词或名词性短语的前面，合起来表示方向、对象等的词。它是用来表示词与词或句与句之间关系的一种虚词，在句中不能单独作句子成分。 介词大致可分为时间介词、方位介词、方式介词和其他意义的介词。 中 考点一  时间介词 时间介词是表示时间的介词。小学阶段常见的时间介词有on,in,at,before,after等。 A. on, in, at ◆on表示在星期几，具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上。如： on Sunday在星期天 on May 2nd在5月2日 on Monday evening在星期一晚上 ◆in表示一段时间，常与表示月份、季节、年份的词连用或与上午、下午、晚上等词连用。如： in August在八月 in summer在夏天 in 2018在2018年 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening在上午/下午/晚上 ◆ at表示在某一具体时刻，或用在固定短语中。如： at six在6点 at night在夜晚 B. before, after before和after都表示时间的先后顺序,before意为“在······之前”,after意为“在······之 后”。如： before breakfast/ lunch早饭前/午饭前 before 7 o'clock 7点钟之前 after lunch午饭后 after school放学后 C. from from意为“从······”，常和介词to连用，构成“from... to...”结构，表示从某个时间开始 到某个时间结束。如： I go to school from Monday to Friday.我从星期一到星期五上学。 考点再现01 一、根据句意，用适当的介词填空。 1. The boy was born ________ the 1st of June,2005. 2. I go to school ________ seven every day. 3. He gets up ________ six o’clock in the morning. 4. ________ dinner I watch TV. 二、单项选择。 ( ) 1.—Does the autumn start ________ August? —Sometimes it does, but usually it starts ________ September. A. in;in B. on;on C. at;at D. on;at ( ) 2. Many people work ________ the day and sleep ________ night. A. on;at B. in;in C. in;at D. at;in ( ) 3. We have sports ________two ________ the afternoon. A. at;at B. on;in C. at;in D. on;with ( ) 4. ________ the future, students will study online at home. A. In B. At C. On D. With 中 考点二  方位介词 方位介词是表示位置和地点的介词。小学阶段常见的方位介词有on, in, over, under, behind, between, at等。 A. on, over ◆ on表示两个物体的表面相互接触，意为“在······上面”。如：on the chair/ wall在椅子/墙上 ◆ over表示两个物体表面没有接触，强调一个物体在另一物体的正上方，意为“在……正上方”。如：There is a bridge over the river.河上方有一座桥。 知识拓展 above表示两个物体中的一个在另一个的上方，但不一定在正上方，且两个物体之间没有接触，意为“在……上方”，其反义词为below。如： The birds are flying above the trees. 鸟在树的上方飞翔。 B. under under意为“在······正下方”，表示在某一物体的正下方，且两个物体表面没有接触，反义 词是over.如： under the desk/ bed在课桌/床下面 知识拓展 below意为“在……下面”，表示在某一物体的下方，但不一定在正下方，且两个物体表面没有接触，反义词为above.如： Our classroom is below their classroom.我们的教室在他们的教室下面。 C. in, at ◆ in表示在某物里面，也可以表示在一个面积较大的地方，后面可接较大的地点或场所。如： in the box在盒子里 in Beijing在北京 in the sky在天空中 易错提示 表示树上本身结的果实，用介词on; on the tree还可表示东西附在树上；表示鸟、动物等在树上，用介词in. There are some pears on the tree. 树上有些梨。 A bird is singing in the tree. 一只鸟在树上唱歌。 ◆ at表示在某地点（面积较小）。如： at the bus stop在公交车站 at the first crossing在第一个十字路口 D. between between表示在两者之间，意为“在······和······之间”。如： The hospital is between the bookshop and the supermarket.医院在书店和超市之间。 知识拓展 among 表示在三者或三者以上之间，意为“在······之间”。如： There is a tall man among these people. 在这些人中有个高个子的男士。 E. up, down ◆ up 表示由下而上的动作方向，意为“向上，沿着⋯⋯向上”。如： Stand up, please. 请站起来。 The cat climbed up the tree quickly. 猫很快爬上了树。 ◆ down 表示由上而下的动作方向，意为“向下，沿着⋯⋯向下”。如： Sit down, please. 请坐下。 Go down this street, and then turn right at the first crossing. 沿着这条街走，然后在第一个十字路口向右转。 F. out of, into ◆ out of 表示从里向外的运动方向，意为“从······出来”。如： The thief ran out of the shop. 小偷从商店里跑了出来。 ◆ into 表示从外向里的运动方向，意为“进入，到······里面”。如： The students went into the classroom. 学生们走进了教室。 G. near, beside ◆ near 表示“在······附近”。如： The library is near the teaching building. 图书馆在教学楼附近。 ◆ beside 表示“在······旁边；靠近”，比 near 距离更近。如： Jim sits beside his mother. 吉姆坐在他妈妈旁边。 H. in (the) front of, behind ◆ in front of 表示“在······的前面”，in the front of 表示“在······的前部”。如： There is a tree in front of my house. 我的房子前面有棵树。 There is a teacher's desk in the front of the classroom. 教室前面有张讲台。 ◆ behind 表示在某事物的后面，与 in front of 意思相反，意为“在······后面”。如： He sits behind me. 他坐在我后面。 I. around around 表示“在······周围，围绕”。如： There are some students around our teacher. 我们老师周围有一些学生。 J. from, to ◆ from 表示从某个起点开始运动，意为“从······，来自······”。如： He comes from Japan. 他来自日本。 The present is from my mother. 这份礼物来自我妈妈。 ◆ to 表示前往某地或朝某个方向运动，意为“向······，往······，到······”。如： We got to the zoo at 8:30. 我们8点半到达动物园。 考点再现02 一、根据图片提示，补全句子。 1. A:Where ________ the keys? B:They're ________the ________. 2. A:Where's the ________?________ it on your desk? B:No, it's ________ the chair. 3. A:Where ________the pencils? B:I don’t know. Are they ________ the________ ? A:Yes, they are. 二、选出错误的选项，并在横线上改正。 ( ) 1. There are two kites in the wall. ________ A B C ( ) 2. You have to stay on bed. ________ A B C 中 考点三  表示方式、手段的介词 A. on on 表示“以······方式；通过”。如： I learn English on TV. 我通过电视学英语。 B. in in表示“用，以”，后接某种方式，如：语言、笔墨、颜色或服饰等。如： in English 用英语 in ink 用墨水 C. with with表示“用，以”，后面一般接具体的工具和手段。如： You can see it with your eyes. 你可以用眼睛看一看。 The mouse made a big hole in the net with his sharp teeth.老鼠用他锋利的牙齿在网上弄了个大洞。 D. by by表示“以……方法、手段”，“by+交通工具”表示乘某种交通工具。如： She makes a living by painting. 她以画画为生。 I go to school by bike. 我骑自行车上学。 考点再现03 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1.How did Colin go to the Secret Garden at first? A. By a car. B. On his foot. C. By wheelchair. D. By the bike. ( ) 2. I can see ________ my eyes. A. on B. by C. with D. in ( ) 3. What's this ________English? A. in B. at C. on D. under ( ) 4. Sometimes I go to school ________bike. A. by B. in C. on D. with 二、选出错误的选项，并在横线上改正。 ( ) 1. She usually goes to school by foot. ________ A B C ( ) 2. Can you say it on English? ________ A B C 中 考点四  其他常见介词的用法 A. past ◆表示人或物从某事物的一旁经过，意为“经过”。如： The girl is running past the window. 这个女孩正从窗户边跑过去。 ◆表示超过某个时刻。如： half past four 4点半 B. along 表示“沿着……”。如： Go along this street and then turn right at the second crossing. 沿着这条街走，然后在第二个十字路口右转。 C. with 表示“和……；具有……，带有……”。如： Will you go with us? 你会和我们一起去吗？ Who's the girl with big eyes? 那个大眼睛的女孩是谁？ D. about 表示事物的内容，意为“关于”。如： They are talking about their weekends. 他们正在谈论他们的周末。 E. like 表示比较，意为“像……一样”。如： She looks like her mother. 她看起来像她母亲。 F. as 表示职业、职务、身份、作用等，意为“作为……”。如： As students, we should study hard. 作为学生，我们应该努力学习。 What would you like as a birthday present? 你想要什么作为生日礼物？ G. for ◆ 表示用途、对象，意为“为……”。如： I want to buy a book for my sister. 我想为我妹妹买一本书。 ◆ 表示目的，意为“为了”。如： My brother studies hard for the exam. 我弟弟为了考试而努力学习。 ◆ 表示“达，计”，后面接时间段。如： My father is going to work there for one year. 我父亲打算在那儿工作一年。 H. of ◆ 表示所属关系，意为“（属于）……的”。如： a photo of my family我的一张全家福 a map of China一张中国地图 ◆ 表示数量或种类，意为“……份/量的，……的种类”。如： a cup of coffee一杯咖啡 two kilos of sugar两千克糖 ◆表示可以看出原材料的制成品。如： The chair is made of wood. 这把椅子是用木头做的。 考点再现04 一、用适当的介词补全下列短语。 1. ________first 2. ________front of 3. because ________ 4.________time 5. ________ the way 6. be interested ________ 7. be good ________ 8.________course 二、单项选择。 ( ) 1.I often help my sister ________ her homework. A. in B. with C. for D. to ( ) 2.Look ________the window. There is heavy rain. A. out of B. out for C. out D. for ( ) 3. The supermarket is far ________ my home. A. from B. to C. for D. on ( ) 4. The classroom is quite different ________ that one. A. of B. from C. with D. like ( ) 5. What do you think ________ the play(戏剧)? A. about B. of C. for D. like 强化训练 一、英汉互译。 1.在森林里 11.在门后 2.乘汽车 12.下车 3.在周末 13.在公园前面 4.寻找 14.在你左侧 5.步行 15.在儿童节 6.用英语 16.乘飞机 7.在一月或二月 17.乘一辆出租车去工作 8.坐在我身边 18.小心车 9.在农场 19.听我的 10.对……很兴奋 20.在公园里 二、用 in, on, of, to, for, at或from 填空。 1.—May I speak ________Miss Li? —Yes, this is Miss Li speaking. 2.—This is a CD________you. —Thank you so much. 3.—Which is the classroom ________Class One? —Room 201. 4.—What's ________the box? —I don't know. Let's open it and have a look. 5.—Where are you ________? —Nanjing. 6. The skirt ________ the chair is mine. 7. Some children make lanterns out of pumpkins ________Halloween. 三、用恰当的介词补全下列词组。 1. next ________ 2. show you ________the school 3. listen ________your teacher 4. get ________the bus and then walk there 5. put ________the T-shirt 6. talk to me ________ plans ________the weekend 四、单项选择。 ( )1.—What's this ________English? —It's an apple. A. in B. on C. at D. of ( )2. There's a hole ________ the ice. A. on B. in C. at D. of ( )3. It is very hot here ________ summer. A. under B. on C. in D. near ( )4.—Who’s girl ________ big eyes? —She's my friend. She's beautiful________red. A. in;with B. with;with C. in;in D. with;in ( )5. Thanks ________ helping me. A. for B. from C. to D. at ( )6. ________Sunday, I usually get up________ten o’clock. A On;in B. In;on C. On;at D. At;at ( )7. The little boy point ed ________the king and shouted. A. from B. at C. in D. on ( )8. April comes ________March. A. before B. in front of C. after D. next to ( )9. We're going to make a card ________our teacher ________Chinese New Year. A. to;in B. for;on C. from;on D. for;at ( )10. The Spring Festival is ________January or February. A. on B. in C. in front of D. at ( )11. My mother is showing her photos________me. A. to B. too C. in D. at ( )12. In my class, I sit ________Lily.She sits in front of me. A. before B. behind C. beside D. after ( )13. My uncle will show us ________Shanghai ________August. A. to;in B. around;in C. around;on D. with;in ( )14. People usually eat jiaozi ________Chinese New Year's Day. A. on B. at C. in D. by 五、思维题根据所给提示，完成下列表格。 1. What is clean when it is black and dirty when it is white? 2. What has a round face and two thin hands, one hand short, one hand long? 3. What is big and bright during the day and we can't see it at night? 4. I am small. I can fly. I like singing in the sky. What am I? 5. Which is the longest English word? 6. I am very big and heavy. I have a long nose and big ears. What am I? 7. I am the tallest animal in the world. What am I? 8. What do you call your father's father's only son? ① b ⑤ s ⑦ g ② c ③ s ⑥ e ⑧ f ④ b 六、根据短文内容，在方框内画一画。 This is our classroom. We have a big TV in front of the classroom. We have 15 balloons, 20 chairs, three boys and one teacher in the classroom. Why don't we have any desks? Because we are going to have a party. 参考答案 考点再现01 一、1. on 2. at 3. at 4. After 二、1. A 2. C 3. C 4. A 考点再现02 一、1. are on table/desk 2. book Is under 3. are in schoolbag 二、1. C on 2. C in 考点再现03 一、1. C 2. C 3. A 4. A 二、1. C on 2. B in 考点再现04 一、1. at 2. in 3. of 4. in/on 5. by 6. in7. at/for 8. of 二、1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. B 强化训练 一、1. in the forest 2.by bus/take a bus 3. at weekends 4. look for 5. on foot 6. in English 7. in January or February 8. sit beside/next to me 9. on the farm 10. be excited about 11. behind the door 12. get off 13. in front of the park 14. on your left 15. on Children's Day 16. by plane/take a plane 17. take a taxi to work/go to work by taxi 18. look out for cars 19. listen to me 20. in the park 二、1. to 2. for 3. for 4. in 5. from6. on 7. at 三、1. to 2. around 3. to 4. off 5. on6. about, for 四、1. A 2. B 句意为“冰里有一个洞”。表示“在……里”用in。故选 B。 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. A 句意为“在周日我通常在十点钟起床”。表示在具体的某天用on，表示在具体的时刻用at。故选 A。 7. B 句意为“这个小男孩指向国王并大叫”。表示“指向”用 point at。故选 B。 8. C 句意为“四月在三月之后到来”。表示“在……之后”用 after。故选C。 9. D 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. B 14. A 五、①blackboard ②clock ③sun ④bird ⑤smile ⑥elephant ⑦giraffe ⑧father 六、略 第 1 页 共 10 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $