专题08 动词专项之情态动词（专项训练）-高中英语语法全攻略

专题08 动词专项之情态动词 姓名________ 分数________ 1 单句语法填空(共30题 每题1分) 1. The research team ________ (must / have to) finish the experiment before the deadline, as the funding will expire next month. 2. It’s strange that she ________ (should / would) refuse such a valuable opportunity—she has been dreaming of it for years. 3. You ________ (needn’t / mustn’t) bring any food to the party; the host has prepared enough for everyone. 4. By the time we arrive at the station, the train ________ (might / must) have left, so we’d better hurry up. 5. If you had followed my advice, you ________ (wouldn’t / shouldn’t) have made such a serious mistake in the project. 6. The old building ________ (can / must) date back to the Ming Dynasty, judging from its architectural style. 7. Students ________ (shall / should) obey the school rules, otherwise they will face appropriate punishment. 8. He ________ (can’t / mustn’t) be at home now—his car is still parked in the company’s parking lot. 9. We ________ (ought to / might) pay more attention to environmental protection, for the global climate is getting worse. 10. —Could I use your laptop for a while? —Yes, you ________ (can / may), but please don’t download any unknown software. 11. The government ________ (must / should) take effective measures to reduce air pollution, as public health is at stake. 12. She ________ (may / must) have forgotten our appointment, because she hasn’t replied to my messages for hours. 13. You ________ (wouldn’t / shouldn’t) speak to your parents in such a rude way; it’s very disrespectful. 14. The task ________ (can / will) be completed ahead of schedule if we cooperate closely. 15. It ________ (mustn’t / can’t) be true that he won the first prize—he barely prepared for the competition. 16. We ________ (have to / should) wear masks in public places during the epidemic, as it’s a requirement of the local government. 17. If I ________ (could / would) fly, I would travel around the world without any hesitation. 18. The teacher suggested that we ________ (should / would) review the grammar points before the final exam. 19. You ________ (might / must) as well take an umbrella with you; the weather forecast says it will rain this afternoon. 20. He ________ (should / must) have passed the driving test, for he practiced very hard for months. 21. Children ________ (mustn’t / needn’t) play near the river; it’s extremely dangerous. 22. —Must I hand in the report tomorrow morning? —No, you ________ (needn’t / mustn’t). You can submit it by the end of this week. 23. The film ________ (may / can) be popular among young people, but I’m not sure about the older generation. 24. If only we ________ (could / should) turn back time and correct our mistakes. 25. She ________ (would / should) have come to the party if she hadn’t been stuck in traffic. 26. Drivers ________ (must / can) stop at red lights; it’s a basic traffic rule. 27. I ________ (can’t / shouldn’t) believe he lied to me—I thought he was an honest person. 28. We ________ (might / should) have started the project earlier; now we’re running out of time. 29. The sign says that visitors ________ (mustn’t / needn’t) touch the exhibits in the museum. 30. —Would you mind opening the window? —Of course not. I ________ (will / shall) do it right away. 2 单句改错(共20题 每题1分) 1. Having studied for three hours without a break, Tom must be very tired now, so he should have taken a rest earlier.（单句改错） 2. The manager insisted that the employee must finish the report before the end of the day, but the employee argued that he couldn’t due to unexpected difficulties. 3. It’s strange that she shouldn’t have arrived at the meeting on time—she might have missed the bus or there could have been a traffic jam. 4. You needn’t have bought so many vegetables for the dinner party; we only invited five guests and there are already plenty in the fridge. 5. If we had known the road would be so crowded, we should take the train instead of driving, but now we are stuck here. 6. The old building looks very stable, but experts warn that it might collapse if there is a strong earthquake, so people mustn’t live in it anymore. 7. He can’t have been at home last night because his car wasn’t in the garage, and his neighbor said she hadn’t seen him for two days. 8. Students mustn’t cheat in exams, otherwise they will be punished severely, but some still take the risk even though they should know better. 9. My sister promised to help me with my homework, but she didn’t show up—she must have forgotten or she might be busy with her own work. 10. You should have told me you were going to be late; I wouldn’t have worried so much if I had known in advance. 11. The sign says “No Entry”, so you mustn’t go into that room without permission, even if you think you have a good reason. 12. She could speak French fluently when she was only five years old, which surprises many people because most children of that age can barely form simple sentences. 13. If I were you, I would not accept that job offer because the working hours are too long and the salary isn’t reasonable. 14. They might have finished the project by now if they hadn’t wasted so much time on unimportant details earlier. 15. You needn’t worry about the exam result; you have prepared for it thoroughly and you should pass it easily. 16. The teacher suggested that the students should practice speaking English every day to improve their oral skills, but few of them followed the advice. 17. He must have made a mistake in the calculation because the final number doesn’t match the data we collected. 18. We ought to have booked the tickets earlier; now all the seats are sold out and we can’t attend the concert. 19. She can’t be feeling well today—she didn’t eat anything at lunch and she kept yawning during the meeting. 20. If the weather had been better, we might have gone hiking this weekend, but we ended up staying at home watching movies. 3 翻译句子(共15题 每题2分) 1. 我们必须在明天中午前提交报告，否则项目可能会被推迟，而这是公司绝对不允许的。 2. 她本来应该提前告知我们她的行程变动，这样我们就不用为她的安全担心一整晚了。 3. 没有足够的证据，警察不能随便逮捕任何人，但他们可以要求嫌疑人配合调查。 4. 这个实验可能需要花费超过三个月的时间，不过如果团队提高效率，或许能提前完成。 5. 学生们应该充分利用课后时间练习口语，因为语言能力的提升离不开持续的实践。 6. 他不可能已经到达目的地了——他的航班因为恶劣天气延误了至少两个小时。 7. 为了环保，每个人都应当减少一次性塑料制品的使用，这对地球的未来至关重要。 8. 你本不必为这次会议准备那么多材料，简单的提纲就足够让大家理解你的想法了。 9. 这个古老的建筑可能建于17世纪，但其确切年份还需要进一步的考古研究来证实。 10. 父母不应该对孩子施加过多压力，否则可能会影响他们的心理健康和全面发展。 11. 如果你在出发前仔细检查了行李，就不会把护照落在家里了，现在我们不得不推迟行程。 12. 科学家们认为，全球变暖可能会导致更多极端天气事件，各国必须采取联合行动应对。 13. 他可能已经忘记了我们昨天的约定，否则他不会直到现在还没出现。 14. 作为一名医生，她必须优先考虑病人的生命安全，无论遇到多大的困难都不能退缩。 15. 这个问题本可以用更简单的方法解决，你没必要把它变得这么复杂。 4 语篇型语法填空(共10题 每题2分) （2025届福建省泉州市安溪一中、惠安一中、养正中学、泉州实验中学） Many people may throw away the pits (核) or nuts after eating fruits, but nut carving inheritors will collect and turn them into artworks. “One nut, 36 (range) from 0.8 to 6 centimeters, can be made into delicate fan pendants, earrings, buttons, seals, etc.,” said Tan Wanhai, an inheritor of Weifang nut carving. Weifang nut carving 37 (date) back to the Qing Dynasty. During that time, retired imperial craftsman Wang Dayan spread the skill to the local people. Craftsmen back then often used peach pits 38 (show) off their artistic skills. Due to the rigorous (缜密的) carving skills 39 its rich artistic content, Weifang nut carving 40 (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008 Tan couldn’t forget 41 impressed he was when he first saw a nut carving. Yet, the48-year-old craftsman admitted that the journey of bringing this kind of masterpiece to life is not all smooth sailing. “ 42 some pits with a flat surface, each peach pit has its own unique texture (质地),” Tan said, adding that craftsmen have to study and trace each peach pit to carefully plan out their artwork?. Now, 43 number of inheritors following the tradition is about 1,000. But Tan believes it could be 44 (high) as more craftsmen give up the tradition of passing down the skill only through the family and open up the 45 (occupy) to anyone who is interested. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 动词专项之情态动词 姓名________ 分数________ 1 单句语法填空(共30题 每题1分) 1. The research team ________ (must / have to) finish the experiment before the deadline, as the funding will expire next month. 2. It’s strange that she ________ (should / would) refuse such a valuable opportunity—she has been dreaming of it for years. 3. You ________ (needn’t / mustn’t) bring any food to the party; the host has prepared enough for everyone. 4. By the time we arrive at the station, the train ________ (might / must) have left, so we’d better hurry up. 5. If you had followed my advice, you ________ (wouldn’t / shouldn’t) have made such a serious mistake in the project. 6. The old building ________ (can / must) date back to the Ming Dynasty, judging from its architectural style. 7. Students ________ (shall / should) obey the school rules, otherwise they will face appropriate punishment. 8. He ________ (can’t / mustn’t) be at home now—his car is still parked in the company’s parking lot. 9. We ________ (ought to / might) pay more attention to environmental protection, for the global climate is getting worse. 10. —Could I use your laptop for a while? —Yes, you ________ (can / may), but please don’t download any unknown software. 11. The government ________ (must / should) take effective measures to reduce air pollution, as public health is at stake. 12. She ________ (may / must) have forgotten our appointment, because she hasn’t replied to my messages for hours. 13. You ________ (wouldn’t / shouldn’t) speak to your parents in such a rude way; it’s very disrespectful. 14. The task ________ (can / will) be completed ahead of schedule if we cooperate closely. 15. It ________ (mustn’t / can’t) be true that he won the first prize—he barely prepared for the competition. 16. We ________ (have to / should) wear masks in public places during the epidemic, as it’s a requirement of the local government. 17. If I ________ (could / would) fly, I would travel around the world without any hesitation. 18. The teacher suggested that we ________ (should / would) review the grammar points before the final exam. 19. You ________ (might / must) as well take an umbrella with you; the weather forecast says it will rain this afternoon. 20. He ________ (should / must) have passed the driving test, for he practiced very hard for months. 21. Children ________ (mustn’t / needn’t) play near the river; it’s extremely dangerous. 22. —Must I hand in the report tomorrow morning? —No, you ________ (needn’t / mustn’t). You can submit it by the end of this week. 23. The film ________ (may / can) be popular among young people, but I’m not sure about the older generation. 24. If only we ________ (could / should) turn back time and correct our mistakes. 25. She ________ (would / should) have come to the party if she hadn’t been stuck in traffic. 26. Drivers ________ (must / can) stop at red lights; it’s a basic traffic rule. 27. I ________ (can’t / shouldn’t) believe he lied to me—I thought he was an honest person. 28. We ________ (might / should) have started the project earlier; now we’re running out of time. 29. The sign says that visitors ________ (mustn’t / needn’t) touch the exhibits in the museum. 30. —Would you mind opening the window? —Of course not. I ________ (will / shall) do it right away. 答案： 1. have to：强调“客观要求/不得不”，此处“截止日期和资金到期”是客观压力；must侧重“主观义务”，不符合语境。 2. should：用于“it’s strange/necessary/important that...”句型中，表“意外、建议或必要”，意为“竟然会”，符合“她拒绝梦想中的机会”的奇怪场景。 3. needn’t：表“不必”，根据后句“主人已准备充足”，无需自带食物；mustn’t表“禁止”，语义过重。 4. might：表“可能性较小的推测”，“我们到达前火车可能已开走”是不确定的推测；must have done表“肯定已发生”，过于绝对。 5. wouldn’t：虚拟语气，从句“had followed”是过去完成时，主句用“would have done”表“过去本不会发生却发生了”，符合“不听建议导致错误”的逻辑。 6. must：表“基于证据的肯定推测”，“从建筑风格判断”是明确依据，意为“一定能追溯到”；can表推测时多用于否定/疑问句，此处不适用。 7. should：表“义务、建议”，“学生应遵守校规”是合理要求；shall多用于法律条文或主语为第一/三人称的疑问句，此处不符。 8. can’t：表“基于证据的否定推测”，“车还在公司”说明“不可能在家”；mustn’t表“禁止”，语义不符。 9. ought to：表“道义上的义务”，“关注环保”是社会责任，与should用法相近，但ought to语气更正式；might表“可能性”，语义不符。 10. can：回应could的请求时，用can表“允许”，语气更自然；may语气较委婉，此处口语场景用can更贴切。 11. must：表“迫切的义务或必要”，“空气污染威胁公共健康”，政府“必须”采取措施，语气强于should。 12. may：表“可能性较小的推测”，“未回消息”只能推测“可能忘记”，无明确证据；must have done表“肯定”，过于绝对。 13. shouldn’t：表“不应该”，“对父母粗鲁”是不恰当的行为，侧重“建议/道德规范”；wouldn’t表“不会”，语义不符。 14. can：表“客观可能性/能力”，“密切合作就能提前完成任务”是客观可行的；will表“意愿/将来”，此处侧重“能力”。 15. can’t：表“强烈的否定推测”，“几乎没准备却获奖”是不可能的，语气强于may not；mustn’t表“禁止”，语义不符。 16. have to：表“客观要求/必须”，“疫情期间戴口罩”是政府规定，是外部要求；should表“建议”，语气不足。 17. could：虚拟语气，“如果能飞”是与现实相反的假设，用could表“能力”；would表“意愿”，语义不符。 18. should：用于suggest/advise/require等词后的宾语从句，表“建议”，从句用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。 19. might：固定搭配“might as well”，表“不妨做某事”，符合“天气预报有雨，不妨带伞”的语境；must无此搭配。 20. must：表“基于证据的肯定推测”，“练习数月”说明“一定通过了驾照考试”，证据充分；may have done表“可能”，语气不足。 21. mustn’t：表“禁止”，“在河边玩耍”极度危险，是明确禁止的行为；needn’t表“不必”，语义不符。 22. needn’t：回应must的疑问句，否定回答用needn’t（不必），不用mustn’t（禁止），避免语气过重。 23. may：表“不确定的可能性”，“电影可能受年轻人欢迎，但不确定老年人是否喜欢”，无明确证据；can表推测时多用于否定/疑问句。 24. could：虚拟语气，“if only”后接虚拟语气，表“要是能回到过去就好了”，与现实相反，用could表“能力”；should表“应该”，语义不符。 25. would：虚拟语气，从句“hadn’t been stuck”是过去完成时，主句用“would have done”表“过去本会发生却未发生”，符合“堵车没去成派对”的逻辑。 26. must：表“必须”，“红灯停”是基本交通规则，是强制性要求；can表“能力”，语义不符。 27. can’t：表“惊讶的否定推测”，“不敢相信他撒谎”，侧重“意外/难以置信”；shouldn’t表“不应该”，语义不符。 28. should：表“本应该”，“本应该早点开始项目”，实际没做，导致时间不够，用“should have done”表“过去本应做却未做”。 29. mustn’t：表“禁止”，“博物馆内禁止触摸展品”是明确规定；needn’t表“不必”，语义不符。 30. will：表“意愿/承诺”，回应“介意开窗吗”，用will表“马上就开”，语气自然；shall多用于主语为第一人称的疑问句或法律条文。 2 单句改错(共20题 每题1分) 1. Having studied for three hours without a break, Tom must be very tired now, so he should have taken a rest earlier.（单句改错） 2. The manager insisted that the employee must finish the report before the end of the day, but the employee argued that he couldn’t due to unexpected difficulties. 3. It’s strange that she shouldn’t have arrived at the meeting on time—she might have missed the bus or there could have been a traffic jam. 4. You needn’t have bought so many vegetables for the dinner party; we only invited five guests and there are already plenty in the fridge. 5. If we had known the road would be so crowded, we should take the train instead of driving, but now we are stuck here. 6. The old building looks very stable, but experts warn that it might collapse if there is a strong earthquake, so people mustn’t live in it anymore. 7. He can’t have been at home last night because his car wasn’t in the garage, and his neighbor said she hadn’t seen him for two days. 8. Students mustn’t cheat in exams, otherwise they will be punished severely, but some still take the risk even though they should know better. 9. My sister promised to help me with my homework, but she didn’t show up—she must have forgotten or she might be busy with her own work. 10. You should have told me you were going to be late; I wouldn’t have worried so much if I had known in advance. 11. The sign says “No Entry”, so you mustn’t go into that room without permission, even if you think you have a good reason. 12. She could speak French fluently when she was only five years old, which surprises many people because most children of that age can barely form simple sentences. 13. If I were you, I would not accept that job offer because the working hours are too long and the salary isn’t reasonable. 14. They might have finished the project by now if they hadn’t wasted so much time on unimportant details earlier. 15. You needn’t worry about the exam result; you have prepared for it thoroughly and you should pass it easily. 16. The teacher suggested that the students should practice speaking English every day to improve their oral skills, but few of them followed the advice. 17. He must have made a mistake in the calculation because the final number doesn’t match the data we collected. 18. We ought to have booked the tickets earlier; now all the seats are sold out and we can’t attend the concert. 19. She can’t be feeling well today—she didn’t eat anything at lunch and she kept yawning during the meeting. 20. If the weather had been better, we might have gone hiking this weekend, but we ended up staying at home watching movies. 答案： 1. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：must be 表对现在的肯定推测（“一定很累”）；should have done 表“本应该做却没做”，符合语境“本应该早点休息”。 2. 答案：去掉 must，改为 (should) finish 解析：insist 表“坚持要求”时，宾语从句需用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”，must 多余。 3. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：shouldn’t have done 表“竟然没做（出乎意料）”；might have done/could have done 表对过去的可能性推测，符合“可能错过公交车或遇堵车”的语境。 4. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：needn’t have done 表“本不必做却做了”，对应“没必要买这么多蔬菜”的语义，逻辑通顺。 5. 答案：should take 改为 should have taken 解析：从句为虚拟语气（had known 表过去），主句需用“should/would/could/might+have done”，表“本应该做却没做”，符合“早知道该坐火车”的语境。 6. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：might 表对将来的可能性推测（“可能倒塌”）；mustn’t 表“禁止”，符合“禁止住人”的警示语义。 7. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：can’t have done 表对过去的否定推测（“不可能在家”），后接原因状语从句支撑推测，用法正确。 8. 答案：should know 改为 should have known 解析：“本该知道不该作弊”是对过去的虚拟，用 should have done，表“本应知晓却忽视”。 9. 答案：might be 改为 might have been 解析：“忘记”或“忙碌”是过去的动作（对应“没出现”），需用 might have done 表对过去的可能性推测，而非对现在的推测（might be）。 10. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：should have done 表“本应该告知却没告知”；后半句为虚拟条件句（had known），主句 would have done 表“本不会如此担心”，结构正确。 11. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：mustn’t 表“禁止”，符合“禁止入内”的标识语义；even if 引导让步状语从句，逻辑连贯。 12. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：could 表过去的能力（“过去能流利说法语”）；can 表现在的能力（“现在大多数孩子几乎不会造句”），时态对应正确。 13. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：if 从句表虚拟（were 表与现在事实相反），主句用 would not accept，符合虚拟语气“主情从过”的结构。 14. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：从句为虚拟语气（hadn’t wasted 表过去），主句用 might have done 表“本可能完成却没完成”，语义通顺。 15. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：needn’t 表“不必”；should 表对现在的合理推测（“应该能轻松通过”），符合“充分准备”的前提。 16. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：suggest 表“建议”时，宾语从句用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”，should 可省略，用法正确。 17. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：must have done 表对过去的肯定推测（“一定算错了”），后接原因从句验证推测，符合情态动词用法。 18. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：ought to have done 表“本应该做却没做”，与“没订票导致没票”的语境一致，ought to 用法等同于 should。 19. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：can’t be doing 表对现在进行时的否定推测（“现在不可能舒服”），后接“没吃午饭、打哈欠”的证据，用法正确。 20. 答案：无错误（√） 解析：从句为虚拟语气（had been 表过去），主句用 might have done 表“本可能去徒步却没去”，符合“天气不好”的语境，虚拟结构完整。 3 翻译句子(共15题 每题2分) 1. 我们必须在明天中午前提交报告，否则项目可能会被推迟，而这是公司绝对不允许的。 2. 她本来应该提前告知我们她的行程变动，这样我们就不用为她的安全担心一整晚了。 3. 没有足够的证据，警察不能随便逮捕任何人，但他们可以要求嫌疑人配合调查。 4. 这个实验可能需要花费超过三个月的时间，不过如果团队提高效率，或许能提前完成。 5. 学生们应该充分利用课后时间练习口语，因为语言能力的提升离不开持续的实践。 6. 他不可能已经到达目的地了——他的航班因为恶劣天气延误了至少两个小时。 7. 为了环保，每个人都应当减少一次性塑料制品的使用，这对地球的未来至关重要。 8. 你本不必为这次会议准备那么多材料，简单的提纲就足够让大家理解你的想法了。 9. 这个古老的建筑可能建于17世纪，但其确切年份还需要进一步的考古研究来证实。 10. 父母不应该对孩子施加过多压力，否则可能会影响他们的心理健康和全面发展。 11. 如果你在出发前仔细检查了行李，就不会把护照落在家里了，现在我们不得不推迟行程。 12. 科学家们认为，全球变暖可能会导致更多极端天气事件，各国必须采取联合行动应对。 13. 他可能已经忘记了我们昨天的约定，否则他不会直到现在还没出现。 14. 作为一名医生，她必须优先考虑病人的生命安全，无论遇到多大的困难都不能退缩。 15. 这个问题本可以用更简单的方法解决，你没必要把它变得这么复杂。 答案： 1. 答案 We must submit the report by noon tomorrow; otherwise, the project might be delayed, which the company must not allow. 解析： • must（必须）表义务；might（可能）表推测（可能性较低）；must not（禁止）表绝对不允许。 • 易错点：“否则”用otherwise连接并列分句，“这是公司绝对不允许的”用which引导非限制性定语从句，避免直译导致句子冗长。 2. 答案 She should have informed us of the change in her itinerary in advance, so that we wouldn’t have worried about her safety all night. 解析： • should have done（本应该做却没做）表虚拟语气；wouldn’t have done（本不会做却做了）呼应前文虚拟条件。 • 易错点：“告知某人某事”用inform sb. of sth.，“行程变动”是change in itinerary，避免误用tell sb. sth.（侧重日常告知）。 3. 答案 Without sufficient evidence, the police can’t arrest anyone arbitrarily, but they may ask the suspect to cooperate with the investigation. 解析： • can’t（不能）表能力/许可；may（可以）表允许（语气比can委婉）。 • 易错点：“随便逮捕”是arrest arbitrarily，“配合调查”是cooperate with the investigation，注意arbitrarily的拼写及介词搭配。 4. 答案 This experiment may take more than three months, but if the team improves efficiency, it might be completed ahead of schedule. 解析： • may/might（可能）表推测，might语气更委婉、可能性更低。 • 易错点：“提前完成”是be completed ahead of schedule，被动语态符合“实验被完成”的逻辑，避免主动语态（the team might complete it）导致主语不一致。 5. 答案 Students should make full use of after-class time to practice oral English, because the improvement of language ability can’t do without continuous practice. 解析： • should（应该）表建议；can’t do without（离不开）是固定搭配，表必要性。 • 易错点：“口语”是oral English（而非spoken English，后者更侧重“口头表达的”），“充分利用”是make full use of，避免误用take full use of。 6. 答案 He can’t have reached the destination — his flight was delayed by at least two hours due to bad weather. 解析： • can’t have done（不可能已经做了）表对过去事情的否定推测，语气肯定。 • 易错点：“延误”是be delayed（被动语态），“由于恶劣天气”用due to bad weather（后接名词短语），避免用because of（虽可互换，但due to更正式，适合书面语）。 7. 答案 For the sake of environmental protection, everyone should reduce the use of disposable plastic products, which is crucial to the future of the earth. 解析： • should（应当）表义务；is crucial to（对……至关重要）补充说明前文行为的意义。 • 易错点：“一次性塑料制品”是disposable plastic products，“环保”可译为environmental protection或environmental conservation，此处用前者更常用。 8. 答案 You needn’t have prepared so many materials for this meeting; a simple outline would have been enough for everyone to understand your ideas. 解析： • needn’t have done（本不必做却做了）表虚拟；would have been（本会是）呼应前文虚拟场景。 • 易错点：“足够让大家理解”用be enough for sb. to do sth. 结构，避免直译“enough that everyone can understand”导致语法冗余。 9. 答案 This ancient building might have been built in the 17th century, but its exact year needs further archaeological research to confirm. 解析： • might have been built（可能已经被建造）表对过去事情的推测，被动语态符合“建筑被建造”的逻辑。 • 易错点：“建于”用be built（被动），“考古研究”是archaeological research，避免误用archaeology（考古学，名词）。 10. 答案 Parents shouldn’t exert too much pressure on their children; otherwise, it might affect their mental health and all-round development. 解析： • shouldn’t（不应该）表建议；might（可能）表推测（可能性较低）。 • 易错点：“施加压力”是exert pressure on sb.（固定搭配），“全面发展”是all-round development（也可写为all-around，美式拼写）。 11. 答案 If you had checked your luggage carefully before departure, you wouldn’t have left your passport at home, and now we have to postpone the trip. 解析： • 虚拟条件句（对过去的虚拟）：if从句用had done，主句用wouldn’t have done；have to（不得不）表客观义务。 • 易错点：“出发前”是before departure（名词形式，更简洁），避免用before you left（从句形式）；“推迟行程”是postpone the trip（比delay the trip更正式）。 12. 答案 Scientists believe that global warming may lead to more extreme weather events, and all countries must take joint action to address it. 解析： • may（可能）表推测；must（必须）表强烈义务。 • 易错点：“极端天气事件”是extreme weather events（复数表泛指），“联合行动”是joint action，“应对”是address（比solve更侧重“处理问题”）。 13. 答案 He might have forgotten our appointment yesterday; otherwise, he wouldn’t have failed to appear until now. 解析： • might have forgotten（可能已经忘记）表对过去的推测；wouldn’t have failed to appear（本不会不出现）双重否定表肯定，强调“本该出现却没出现”。 • 易错点：“直到现在还没出现”用fail to appear until now，避免直译“hasn’t appeared until now”（语法错误，until now需搭配现在完成时，但此处需呼应前文虚拟语气）。 14. 答案 As a doctor, she must prioritize patients’ life safety and must not back down no matter how great the difficulties are. 解析： • must（必须）表职业义务；must not（禁止）表坚决不允许；no matter how（无论多么）引导让步状语从句。 • 易错点：“优先考虑”是prioritize（动词，比give priority to更简洁），“生命安全”是life safety（不用lives safety，life此处为不可数名词）。 15. 答案 This problem could have been solved in a simpler way; you didn’t need to make it so complicated. 解析： • could have been solved（本可以被解决）表过去本有能力做却没做；didn’t need to do（没必要做）表过去实际未做的必要性（区别于needn’t have done，后者表“做了没必要做的事”）。 • 易错点：“用更简单的方法”是in a simpler way，“变得复杂”是make it so complicated，it作形式宾语，指代this problem。 4 语篇型语法填空(共10题 每题2分) （2025届福建省泉州市安溪一中、惠安一中、养正中学、泉州实验中学） Many people may throw away the pits (核) or nuts after eating fruits, but nut carving inheritors will collect and turn them into artworks. “One nut, 36 (range) from 0.8 to 6 centimeters, can be made into delicate fan pendants, earrings, buttons, seals, etc.,” said Tan Wanhai, an inheritor of Weifang nut carving. Weifang nut carving 37 (date) back to the Qing Dynasty. During that time, retired imperial craftsman Wang Dayan spread the skill to the local people. Craftsmen back then often used peach pits 38 (show) off their artistic skills. Due to the rigorous (缜密的) carving skills 39 its rich artistic content, Weifang nut carving 40 (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008 Tan couldn’t forget 41 impressed he was when he first saw a nut carving. Yet, the48-year-old craftsman admitted that the journey of bringing this kind of masterpiece to life is not all smooth sailing. “ 42 some pits with a flat surface, each peach pit has its own unique texture (质地),” Tan said, adding that craftsmen have to study and trace each peach pit to carefully plan out their artwork?. Now, 43 number of inheritors following the tradition is about 1,000. But Tan believes it could be 44 (high) as more craftsmen give up the tradition of passing down the skill only through the family and open up the 45 (occupy) to anyone who is interested. 【答案】 36．ranging 37．dates 38．to show 39．and 40．was listed 41．how 42．Unlike 43．the 44．higher 45．occupation 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了潍坊核雕的历史渊源、艺术特点、制作挑战及传承现状，展现了这一国家级非物质文化遗产的独特魅力与发展前景。 36．考查非谓语动词。句意：“一颗0.8到6厘米的果核，可以制成精美的扇坠、耳环、纽扣、印章等。”潍坊核雕传承人谭万海说。此处为非谓语动词作定语，nut与range为主动关系，用现在分词形式ranging。故填ranging。 37．考查动词时态。句意：潍坊核雕可追溯至清朝。此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语Weifang nut carving为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式dates。故填dates。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：当时的工匠常常用桃核来展示他们的艺术技巧。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“用桃核的目的是展示技艺”。故填to show。 39．考查连词。句意：由于其缜密的雕刻技艺和丰富的艺术内涵，潍坊核雕于2008年被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录。前后短语“rigorous carving skills”与“rich artistic content”为并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 40．考查动词时态和语态。句意同上。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语in 2008可知用一般过去时，Weifang nut carving与list为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was listed。故填was listed。 41．考查感叹句。句意：谭万海无法忘记第一次看到核雕时的震撼。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作宾语，修饰空后形容词impressed用how，表示“多么”。故填how。 42．考查介词。句意：“与一些表面平整的果核不同，每个桃核都有自己独特的纹理。”谭万海说，并补充道，工匠们必须研究和追溯每个桃核，仔细规划他们的作品。根据语境，此处表示“不同于……”，用介词unlike，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Unlike。 43．考查冠词。句意：现在，遵循这一传统的传承人数量约为1000人。此处为固定搭配the number of意为“……的数量”。故填the。 44．考查形容词比较级。句意：但谭万海认为，随着更多工匠放弃只通过家族传承技艺的传统，向任何感兴趣的人开放这一职业，传承人数可能会更高。根据语境以及下文的“as more craftsmen give up the tradition of passing down the skill only through the family”可知，此处隐含与当前人数的对比，用比较级higher。故填higher。 45．考查名词。句意同上。定冠词the后接名词，occupy的名词形式为occupation意为“职业”， 作宾语。故填occupation。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $