专题1 阅读理解 语篇类型3 说明文 主题语境1 人与自我-【满分思维】2026年高考英语真题分类

3.What does the underlined word "it"refer to in Paragraph 4? A.Offering regular lessons. B.Paying extra attention. C.Assigning no schoolwork. D.Showing no sympathy. 语篇类型3 主题语境1 题组 (2025·北京卷：个人故事+ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个 选项中，选出最佳选项。 （一)(8分) The call to "know yourself"has been there since ancient times,but our sense of self doesn't always match what others perceive.Considering the stories we tell about ourselves can help us to change our minds for better. For many years,psychologists saw identity as a combination of someone's values,beliefs,goals and social roles.Then,in the 1980s,Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity,in which he proposes that,as we go through life,these core features are built in with our memories to create a personal story through which we understand our lives. Our life story is something that starts coming together in our teenage years,when we begin to organise our lives into chapters around key events or life changes,and begin to see ourselves as both the central character and,to a varying extent,the story's author.People with more consistent stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity,and they feel their life has more meaning,direction and sense of purpose.Such people show greater overall life 4.How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good? A.It eases peer pressure. B.It helps them live in hope. C.It frees them from aches. D.It entertains them with stories. 说明文 人与自我 2025·浙江1月卷：儿童饮食教育) satisfaction,too. Johnson has also investigated the link between well-being and certain story themes.He discovered that whether someone describes having had some control over events in their past is an important predictor of a person's mental health.Another key theme involves finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events."People could talk about gaining knowledge or personal growth,says Johnson.His research shows that this is often missing for people with mental health conditions.The good news is that there is evidence we can learn to change our own story. Lisa Green,another researcher,sounds a few notes of caution().For instance,hearing about the power of redemptive(拯救性的)stories,many people may feel forced to find a positive angle on horrible events.She says that Western culture already pushes people to look for the silver lining behind every cloud. If you want to turn over a new leaf,though,one top tip is that it helps to choose a significant date that signals the start of a new "chapter".Contrary to popular doubt,resolutions made on 1 January are more effective for this reason.So,whether your goal is saving money or getting fit,there is no better time to become the author of our own destiny(命运). 1.What can be inferred about personal stories? A.They are unrelated to health. B.Consistent ones lead to stress. C.They are relevant to happiness. D.Thematic ones hold back change. 2.What can we learn from this passage? A.Talking about gains from failure is negative. B.New Year resolutions are well received. C.The West tends to overvalue optimism. D.Social roles fail to be highlighted. 3.What does the author mainly do in this passage? A.Clarify a goal. B.Analyse an event. C.Make a comparison. D.Illustrate an approach. 4.What is the passage mainly about? A.How self-identity works. B.How story-tellers are made. C.How personal stories raise doubts. D.How timing affects personal identity. (二)(10分) When I was a child I was often told what not to eat.“You don't want to get fat”was on constant repeat throughout my childhood.It really messed up my relationship with food-something that took me years to overcome.Because of this,I'm careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people.I encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade()her from a second dessert.But one day when I heard her saying “I think'I m too fat'”,my heart sank.It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact. According to Charlotte Markey,a professor of psychology,food is one of the rare subjects where,as parents,saying less is more."There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through,but I'm not convinced that food is one of them,"she says."It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren't necessarily healthy." Instead,she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the "Division of Responsibility",where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times,and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume-even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions. “When your child says,.‘My stomach hurts,'you can say,'Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,'" says Markey."Let them feel like they have some control over it.” I've been trying out these strategies and I've found that when I'm less restrictive,they do make better decisions."Feeding is a long game,"says Markey."The food you have available makes a huge difference.Even if they don't eat it,they're seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks." 1.What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A.She is upset by her kids'weight. B.She is critical of the way she was fed. C.She is interested in making food. D.She is particular about what she eats. 2.Which of the following would Markey disapprove of? A.Allowing kids to eat cookies occasionally. B.Offering various foods to kids at fixed times. C.Explaining to kids the risks of taking snacks. D.Talking with kids about school at mealtimes. 3.What should kids do according to the "Division of Responsibility”? A.Make diet decisions on their own. B.Share their food with other kids. C.Eat up what is provided for them. D.Help their parents do the dishes. 主题语境2 题组(2025·全国I卷：应用科学技术 减少食物浪费的创新实践+202 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个 选项中，选出最佳选项。 (一)(10分) Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth-they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas,stuck inside volcanic rocks,filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow.They are even appearing inside humans. Now,new research suggests that a simple,cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap(水龙头)： boiling and filtering()it.In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science Technology Letters,researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes-then filtering it after it cools-could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics. Crucially,this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate(碳酸钙)to trap the plastics.In the study,boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics.But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.Additionally,the research didn't include 4.What does the author think of the strategies she has been following? A.Costly. B.Complex. C.Workable. D.Contradictory. 人与社会 降低水中微塑料含量+2025·全国Ⅱ卷： 5·浙江1月卷：产品性别化) all types of plastics.The team focused only on three common types-polystyrene,polyethylene and polypropylene-and they didn't study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride. Still,the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure-a task that's becoming increasingly difficult.Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year,contains 10 to 1 000 times more microplastics than originally thought. Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are-but what they do know has raised concerns.The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake."The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice," Caroline Cauchoute-Lindsay,an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research,tells New Scientist."We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics. 1.How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph? A.By quoting an expert. B.By defining a concept. C.By giving examples. D.By providing statistics.【词汇积累】component n.组成部分→描述成分、部件（科学类高 频词) priorityn.优先事项，最重要的事→替换the most important thing的 高级表达（写作高频词） assignment n.作业，任务→指被分派的工作(assign的名词形式) 语篇类型3 主题语境1 题组 (2025·北京卷：个人故事+ (-) 【文章大意】本文探讨了个人故事如何影响身份认同、幸福感和心理 健康，并指出通过改写个人故事可以提升生活满意度和心理健康水 平，最后针对如何开启新“篇章”给出建议。 【语篇结构】 段落划分 内容梗概 引出话题，强调仔细考虑我们讲述的关于自己 第一段 的故事有助于转变思维 第二段一第五段 对于讲述人生故事的多种看法 给出建议：如果想开启新“篇章”，选择一个具 第六段 有重大意义的日期作为它的开始 1.C 细节理解题 【解析】根据第-段最后两句“People with more consistent stories...feel their life has more meaning,direction and sense of purpose.Such people show greater overall life satisfaction, to.”可知，叙事史为连贯的这类人会觉得白己的生活史有意义、 方向和日标感。这类人总体上表现出史高的生活满意度。由此 可知，个人故事和幸福相关。故选C。 2.C细节理解题【解析】根据第五段第二、三句“.many people may feel forced to find a positive angle on horrible events.She says that Western culture already pushes people to look for the silver lining behind every cloud..”可知，西方文化已然迫使人们“在每片乌云后 寻找线光明”。由此可知，西方往往过度重视乐观主义。故 选C。 3D写作意图题【解析】通读全文可知，作者通过介绍个人故事 模型、与个人故事相关的研究发现以及改写个人故串对提升幸福 感和改善心理健康的作用，阐述了一种方法，即通过改写个人故 事来改善生活。故选D。 4A主旨大意题【解析】文章主要探讨了个人枚事如何影响身份 ·3 【常见搭配】be free of没有…的，摆脱了…的→without的同义 替换 come first首要，第一→社会现象类高频短语 keep up with跟上，不落后→写作高频短语 说明 文 人与自我 2025·浙江1月卷：儿童饮食教育)》 认同、幸福感和心理健康。虽然也涉及了个人故事的形成、新年 决心等内容，但核心主题仍然是身份认同如何通过个人故事发挥 作用。故选A 【长难句分析】Then,in the 198Os,Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity,in which he proposes that,as we go through life, these core features are built in with our memories to create a personal story through which we understand our lives.（第二段第二句) 分析主句是Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity。in which he proposes that.our lives为in which引导的非限制性定语 从句，修饰先行词the life story model of identity;that引导宾语从 句；as引导时间状语从句：through which引导定语从句，修饰先行 词a personal story. 译文随后，在20世纪80年代，Bob Johnson创建了身份认同的 “人生故事模型”。他提出，随着我们经历一生，这些核心特质会 与我们的记忆交织，形成一则个人故事一一我们通过这则故事理 解自己的人生。 【词汇积累】perceive.认为identity n.身份 combination n.结合体 【常见搭配】tend to倾向于 the silver lining behind every cloud乌云背后的一线光明 contrary to与…相反 【熟词生义】condition(第四段倒数第二句)常用义：n.状况，状态； 条件文章义：n.疾病 例句He suffers from a serious heart condition..他患有严重的心 脏病。 (二) 【文章大意】文章通过第一人称叙述作者的亲身经历，融入心理学教 授的观点和科学理论，探讨了父母在饮食方面对孩子的引导和相关 建议。 1.B推理判断题【解析】根据第一段第三句“It really messed up my relationship with food-something that took me years to overcome.”可知，那种不想变胖的想法确实搞砸了作者与食物的 关系，作者花了多年的时间才克服这个问题。由此可推知，作者 不认可自己小时候被喂养的方式。故选B。 2.C推理判断题【定位句】“It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren't necessarily healthy.”(第二段最后一句) 译文“它只会给孩子们带来一些不必要的担忧和不安全感，这对 他们的成长未必有益。” 【解析】根据第二段内容尤其是定位句可推知，Markey不赞成向孩 子阐明吃零食的风险。故选C。 3.A细节理解题【解析】根据第三段中的“where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times,and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume”可知，在 “责任分工”概念中，孩子可以自己决定饮食的种类和数量。故 选A。 4.C观点态度题【解析】根据最后一段第一句“I've been trying out these strategies and I've found that when I'm less restrictive,they do make better decisions.”可知，作者一直在尝试这些策略，并且发 现颇有成效。由此可推知，作者认为其一直遵循的策略是切实可 行的。故选C。 主题语境2 题组(2025·全国I卷：应用科学技术 减少食物浪费的创新实践+202 (一) 【文章大意】微塑料污染遍布全球，危害着生态环境和生物健康。本 文介绍了一项关于减少自来水中微塑料污染的研究。这项研究表 明，煮沸并过滤硬水可以有效减少其中的微塑料含量。文章还提及 了微塑料污染的严重性与解决该污染的相关建议。 【语篇结构】 段落划分 内容梗概 第一段 通过举例说明微塑料沙染影响范围 第二、三段 介绍煮沸过滤法及影响其效果的因素 指出微朔料污染的严甬性及当前相关研究的 第四、五段 意义 1.C写作手法题【解析】第一段通过列举微塑料存在于深海、喜 马拉雅脉、火岩、海鸟的円部、南极洲的新鲜积雪中、人体内 部这些例子说明了微塑料染的广泛性。由此可知，作者在第一 段中运用了举例的写作手法来呈现微朔料污染普遍存在这·问 题。故选C。 2A细节理解题【解析】该题问的是什么决定了诚少水巾微塑料 含量的效果。根据第三段内容尤其是第一句“Crucially,this ·32 【长难句分析】Instead,she recommends applying a wel-known concept among nutrition experts called the "Division of Responsibility",where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times,and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume-even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots..（第三段) 分析among nutrition experts called the“Division of Responsibility”是 后置定语，修饰awel-known concept;where引导非限制性定语从 句；what和how much引导宾语从句；even if引导让步状语从句。 译文相反，她建议采用在营养专家中广为人知的一个概念，这个 概念被称为“责任分工”，即父母在固定的时间为孩子们提供各种 以健康为主的食品，孩子们自己决定他们想吃什么和吃多少一 即使那意味着他们有时吃的饼干比胡萝卜还多。 【词汇积累】convinced ad.确信，坚信consequence n.结果，后果 restrictive adj.限制性的，约束的 【常见搭配】mess up弄乱，搞砸 all of a sudden突然地，出乎意料地 【词缀变形】unintentionally ad.无意地，非故意地→unintentional ad山.非故意的，无意的→intentional ad.故意的，有意的→intention n.意图，目的，打算→intend v.打算，想要 人与社会 降低水中微塑料含量+2025·全国Ⅱ卷： 5·浙江1月卷：产品性别化) process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonale( 钙)to trap the plastics.”可知，关键在于，这一过程依赖于水中含 有足够多的碳酸钙米吸附微塑料。将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬水 煮沸后，水巾的微塑料含量几乎减少了90%，但在碳酸钙含量低 丁60毫克的水样中，煮沸只能减少水中约25%的微塑料含量。 由此可知，碳酸钙含量，即水质硬度是决定减少水中微塑料含量 的关键内素。故选A。 3.B推理判断题【定位句】Even bottled water,scientists found earlier this year,conlains 10 to I 000 limes more microplastics than originally thought.(第四段最后一句) 译文科学家在今年早些时候发现，甚至瓶装水中的微塑料今量 也比原先认为的高出10到1000倍。 【解析】该题问的是作者在第四段提到瓶装水是为了说明什么。 作者提到瓶装水中的微塑料含量超出预期是为了说明微塑料 染无处不在，以此强调微塑料问题的严重性。故选B。 4.D推理判断题【定位句】“We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics." 段最后一句) 译文“我们应该（进一步）研究升级饮用水处理)，以便它们能够