专题13 短文填空（讲义）（天津专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题13 短文填空（讲义）（天津专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测（解析版） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1．从命题形式上看，短文首字母填空是一篇约200词的短文，以说明文为主，设10个空，每空1分。首句一般不设空，帮助学生快速进入语境。考查的单词均为课标内核心词汇，需要根据上下文语义、语法结构和固定搭配综合判断。 2. 从命题内容上看：文章题材多为科普知识、生活哲理、文化现象等。动词占比最高，名词和形容词次之，副词、连词、代词、介词偶有出现。注重在具体语境中考查词汇的拼写、词形变化以及固定搭配。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年 动词 3 4 3 4 2 名词 2 2 2 3 2 形容词 2 2 3 1 3 副词 2 0 1 1 2 连词 0 1 0 1 1 代词 1 1 0 0 0 介词 0 0 1 0 0 命题预测 1. 题材延续性：继续选用说明文或议论文，主题可能涉及环境保护、科技发展、传统文化、健康生活等。文章长度约200词，设10空。 2. 词类分布：动词3-4题，名词2-3题，形容词2-3题，副词1-2题，连词/代词/介词共1-2题。动词时态和语态变化，特别是过去式、动名词，是高频考点。 3. 词形变化：形容词比较级，）、动词过去式、动名词等变形题每年必考。 4. 固定搭配：介词短语、动词短语、连词等需注意。 语境化：每个空都必须通过上下文的语义线索、逻辑关系或语法结构推断，单纯背单词无法得分。 1．（2025·天津·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Today the earth is getting warmer and warmer. But hundreds of years a 1 , people had a different problem—a 400-year cold period! From the 1400s to the 1800s, winters in the northern half of the earth were c 2 and longer than they are now. Scientists c 3 this time the “Little Ice Age” (小冰期). The colder weather b 4 many serious problems. Plants died of cold and illness spread among people. People had to spend a lot more time collecting wood for fires to keep their house warm. And sometimes, a h 5 piece of ice would slide down (滑落) a mountain and destroy (摧毁) some villages. Scientists think the Little Ice Age was caused by forces (力量) that people could not control. One cause (起因), in their opinion, was the sun. The sun often has “storms” of energy called sunspots (太阳黑子). During the Little Ice Age, there were fewer sunspots than there are t 6 . With fewer sunspots, the sun was giving out less e 7 which made the earth warm. Volcanic eruption (火山爆发) was probably a 8 natural cause. During the Little Ice Age, many volcanoes erupted. Their dust (灰尘) might stop the sun’s l 9 and heat from reaching the earth. Today we are seeing the influences of rising temperature. Scientists think people are causing this change by b 10 a lot of coal and oil. So we need to change our way of living. 【答案】 1．(a)go 2．(c)older 3．(c)all 4．(b)rought 5．(h)uge 6．(t)oday 7．(e)nergy 8．(a)nother 9．(l)ight 10．(b)urning 【导语】本文主要讲述了地球在历史上经历的“小冰期”现象及其可能的原因，并与当前全球变暖现象进行对比。 1．句意：但几百年前，人们面临一个不同的问题——持续400年的寒冷时期！根据“hundreds of years”和时间对比语境以及所给首字母可知，此处需用表示过去的时间副词，ago“以前”符合语境。故填(a)go。 2．句意：从15世纪到19世纪，北半球的冬天比现在更寒冷且更漫长。根据“winters in the northern half of the earth were...and longer than”和所给首字母可知，北半球的冬天比现在更寒冷且更漫长，此处应用cold“寒冷的”的比较级colder。故填(c)older。 3．句意：科学家称这个时期为“小冰期”。根据“Scientists...this time the ‘Little Ice Age’ (小冰期).”和所给首字母可知，科学家应是称这个时期为“小冰期”，call“称作”，主语“Scientists”为复数，且描述客观事实，动词用原形。故填(c)all。 4．句意：更寒冷的天气带来了许多严重的问题。根据“The colder weather...many serious problems.”和所给首字母可知，更寒冷的天气应是带来了许多严重的问题，“带来”bring，此处用过去式brought与上下文时态一致，描述过去发生的事。故填(b)rought。 5．句意：有时，一大块冰会从山上滑落并摧毁一些村庄。根据“piece of ice would slide down (滑落) a mountain and destroy (摧毁) some villages.”和所给首字母可知，应是一大块冰从山上滑落，才会摧毁一些村庄，“巨大的”huge，形容词作定语。故填(h)uge。 6．句意：在小冰期，太阳黑子比现在更少。与“During the Little Ice Age”形成时间对比，此处需用表示现在的副词。结合所给首字母可知，today“现在”，符合语境。故填(t)oday。 7．句意：太阳黑子减少，导致太阳释放的使地球变暖的能量更少。动词“giving out”后接名词作宾语，根据科学常识和所给首字母可知，此处指“能量”energy，不可数名词。故填(e)nergy。 8．句意：火山爆发可能是另一个自然原因。前文已提及太阳是原因之一，此处应表示另一个原因，结合所给首字母可知，another“另一、又一”符合语境。故填(a)nother。 9．句意：火山灰可能会阻挡太阳的光和热量到达地球。与“heat”并列，需用名词“光”light，不可数形式。故填(l)ight。 10．句意：科学家认为人类通过燃烧大量煤炭和石油导致了这一变化。根据“people are causing this change by...a lot of coal and oil. So we need to change our way of living”和所给首字母可知，应是燃烧煤炭和石油，burn“燃烧”，by后接动名词。故填(b)urning。 2.（2024·天津·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Long ago, the early people did not live in houses as we do today. Most of the homes were in caves or shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees. These ‘homes’ were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p 11 them from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests. Men of that time were called ‘cave people’. These ‘cave people’ usually lived in small groups and life was not e 12 for them. They had to move from place to place to s 13 for food. They would hunt, fish or pick wild fruit. When they couldn’t find a 14 to eat, they would leave to find another proper place. Their tools were very simple. They ate raw (生的) food u 15 they learnt how to make a fire. For clothing, they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c 16 their bodies. However, the lives of the ‘cave people’ changed. They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g 17 in the forests. Soon they learnt to plant fruit, vegetables and other crops. They also kept cows, sheep and other kinds of farm a 18 for milk, meat and skins. They became f 19 and lived in only one certain area. Their groups became l 20 than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives. They built houses as long-lasting homes, and as a result, villages and towns developed quickly. The ‘cave people’ began to be civilized (文明的). 【答案】 11．(p)rotect 12．(e)asy 13．(s)earch 14．(a)nything 15．(u)ntil 16．(c)over 17．(g)rew 18．(a)nimals 19．(f)armers 20．(l)arger 【导语】本文主要介绍“穴居人”的生活。 11．句意：这些“家”只是用作临时庇护所，保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害。根据“These ‘homes’ were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p...  them from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests.”可知，这些“家”保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害，protect“保护”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(p)rotect。 12．句意：这些“穴居人”通常生活在小群体中，生活对他们来说并不容易。根据“These ‘cave people’ usually lived in small groups and life was not e... for them.”可知，生活对他们来说并不容易，easy“容易的”，在句中作表语，故填(e)asy。 13．句意：他们不得不从一个地方搬到另一个地方寻找食物。根据“They had to move from place to place to s... for food.”可知，他们不得不搬家寻找食物，search for“寻找”符合语境，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(s)earch。 14．句意：当他们找不到吃的东西时，他们会离开去找另一个合适的地方。根据“When they couldn’t find a... to eat, they would leave to find another proper place.”可知，找不到吃的东西时就会搬家，anything“任何东西”，用于否定句中，故填(a)nything。 15．句意：他们吃生的食物，直到学会如何生火。根据“They ate raw (生的) food u... they learnt how to make a fire.”可知，直到学会如何生火才不吃生的食物，until“直到”符合语境，故填(u)ntil。 16．句意：至于衣服，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体。根据“they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c... their bodies”可知，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体，cover“遮盖”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(c)over。 17．句意：他们收集了生长在森林中的野生植物的种子。根据“They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g... in the forests.”可知，收集生长在森林中的野生植物的种子，grow“生长”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(g)rew。 18．句意：他们还饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，以获取牛奶、肉和皮。根据“They also kept cows, sheep and other kinds of farm a... for milk, meat and skins.”可知，饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，animal“动物”，“other kinds of”修饰可数名词复数，故填(a)nimals。 19．句意：他们成了农民，只住在一个特定的地区。根据“They became f... and lived in only one certain area.”可知，他们成了农民，farmer“农民”，主语“They”是复数，故填(f)armers。 20．句意：他们的群体变得比以前更大，因为他们的生活更加稳定。根据“Their groups became l... than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives.”可知，他们的群体变得比以前更大，larger“更大的”，在句中作表语，故填(l)arger。 （1）短文首字母填空解题三步法 步骤 操作 要点 Step 1 通读全文 跳过空格，快速浏览全文，把握文章主旨、时态和情感基调 首句不设空，务必读懂；注意文章是过去时还是现在时 Step 2 逐空推断 结合上下文语义、固定搭配、语法结构确定单词及正确形式 ① 语义：根据上下文意思猜测词义 ② 搭配：根据固定短语（如be pleased with） ③ 语法：根据句子成分确定词性（动词、名词等） ④ 词形：注意时态、单复数、比较级等变化 Step 3 复核检查 填完后通读全文，检查逻辑是否通顺，拼写是否正确 特别注意不规则动词的过去式（如bring→brought） （2）各词类解题要点 词类 解题要点 真题示例 动词 ① 根据上下文确定动作 ② 判断时态（一般过去时最常见） ③ 注意被动语态、非谓语形式（-ing） brought, called, spread, working 名词 ① 根据上下文确定事物 ② 注意单复数（主谓一致、数量词） energy, animals, journeys, world 形容词 ① 描述人物情感或事物特征 ② 注意比较级（than标志） ③ be + adj. + with/of/about等固定搭配 colder, pleased, different, popular 副词 ① 修饰动词、形容词或整个句子 ② 时间副词（ago, today, later） ③ 程度副词（down, either） ago, today, finally, later 连词 判断前后句逻辑关系：因果（so, because）、时间（when, until）、让步（though） so, until, when 代词 不定代词（another, anything）、指示代词（this, that） another, anything 介词 固定搭配中的介词（around, without, by） around （3）常见固定搭配（天津中考高频） 固定搭配 含义 真题 be pleased with 对……满意 2023 search for 寻找 2024 go down 下降 2021 be popular 受欢迎 2021 be different from 与……不同 2022 a world of 大量的 2022 protect...from 保护……免受 2024 come back 回来 2022 not...either 也不 2021 1) 忽略时态：文章如果是过去时，动词必须用过去式（如bring→brought，grow→grew）。 2) 形容词比较级漏写-er：看到than就要想到比较级（如colder, easier, larger）。 3) 名词单复数错误：根据many, other kinds of, a few等判断用复数。 4) 动名词形式错误：介词后（by, for, without）动词用-ing形式（如burning, working）。 5) 首字母大小写：位于句首的单词首字母大写（如When, Finally）。 6) 拼写错误：不规则动词过去式要熟记（如bring→brought，不是bringed）。 1) 瞻前顾后：答案往往藏在前文或后文中。例如2025年57空colder由后文than和longer提示；2024年65空larger由than before提示。 2) 固定搭配法：遇到be ____ with可考虑填pleased；search ____填for（但注意空格在for位置时可能填search）。 3) 词性判断：空格前有a/an/the或形容词，填名词；空格前是to或情态动词，填动词原形；空格在介词后，填动名词。 4) 代入验证：填完后把句子连起来读一遍，看语义是否通顺。 1) 文章主题可能涉及：人工智能发展、传统文化保护、太空探索、心理健康。 2) 动词占比最高（3-4空），注意不规则动词过去式（如become→became, spread→spread）和动名词（by doing）。 3) 形容词比较级（than提示）和名词复数（many, other提示）仍为必考点。 4) 连词可能考查until, so, when；代词可能考查another, anything。 5) 介词短语固定搭配（如protect...from, be satisfied with）需积累。 一、短文填空 Passage 1 Nowadays, “green living” has become a hot topic around the world. It’s very important for us to protect the e 1 we live in. Here are some simple things we can do in our daily life. First, we should r 2 waste. We can use both sides of the paper to save trees. We can take cloth bags when we go shopping instead of using plastic ones. We should also say no to d 3 chopsticks and cups to cut down white pollution. Second, we should learn to s 4 waste into different groups. Recyclable things like waste paper, plastic bottles and glass can be sent to recycling centres. In this way, we can make full use of natural r 5 and reduce pollution at the same time. Third, we should save energy in our daily life. Remember to turn off the lights and taps when we don’t use them. We can take the bus or ride bikes instead of driving cars, which can help r 6 air pollution. Fourth, we should take a 7 to spread the idea of green living. We can tell our family and friends the importance of protecting the environment. We can also join in some volunteer activities, like picking up litter in the park or p 8 trees in the hills. Many people think protecting the environment is a big thing, but in fact, it’s j 9 something that everyone can do easily. Even a small action can make a big d 10 to our earth. Let’s start from now on! 【答案】 1．environment 2．reduce 3．disposable 4．separate 5．resources 6．reduce 7．action 8．planting 9．just 10．difference 【导语】文章主要讲述了“绿色生活”已成为全球热门话题，强调保护环境的重要性，并从减少浪费、分类垃圾、节约能源、传播理念等方面介绍了在日常生活中可以采取的简单环保措施，呼吁大家从现在开始行动起来保护环境。 1．句意：对我们来说，保护我们所生活的环境非常重要。根据前文提到green living以及protect，可知这里说的是保护我们生活的“环境”，所以填environment。 2．句意：首先，我们应该减少浪费。后文提到用纸张两面、用布袋购物等，这些都是“减少”浪费的行为，所以填reduce。 3．句意：我们还应该对一次性筷子和杯子说不，以减少白色污染。由“cut down white pollution”可知是拒绝使用“一次性”筷子和杯子，所以填disposable。 4．句意：其次，我们应该学会将垃圾分成不同的类别。根据“into different groups”可知是把废物“分类”，所以填separate。 5．句意：通过这种方式，我们可以充分利用自然资源，同时减少污染。回收利用可回收物能充分利用自然资源，所以填resources。 6．句意：我们可以乘坐公共汽车或骑自行车，而不是开车，这有助于减少空气污染。乘坐公交或骑车能“减少”空气污染，所以填reduce。 7．句意：第四，我们应该采取行动来传播绿色生活的理念。take action to do sth.意为“采取行动做某事”，所以填action。 8．句意：我们也可以参加一些志愿者活动，比如在公园捡垃圾或在山上植树。plant trees是“种树”，or连接并列成分，picking是动名词形式，所以这里plant也用动名词形式，所以填planting。 9．句意：许多人认为保护环境是一件大事，但事实上，这只是每个人都能轻松做到的事情。结合语境，保护环境其实“只是”每个人都能轻易做到的事，所以填just。 10．句意：即使是一个小小的行动也能对我们的地球产生很大的影响。make a difference to意为“对……有影响”，所以填difference。 Passage 2 Spring rain arrives, bringing life to all things. Rain Water, the second term of the 24 Solar Terms, is nature’s gentle gift to us. It shows the e 11 of winter and the coming of spring. Fine rain waters the earth, and e 12 wakes up from the winter sleep. May life be as happy and beautiful as spring for us all. In a 13 China, Rain Water was important for farming. Farmers got their fields ready. They knew spring rain could help their crops grow well. As the poet Du Fu wrote, “Good rain comes in time, w 14 spring is in its prime (好雨知时节，当春乃发生) ”. This sentence expresses the importance of rain during this season. Rain Water also has s 15 customs in different areas, for example, people c 16 by “catching rainwater,” believing it brings happiness and health. Families often cook special food. For example, they make porridge with lotus seeds (莲子) and red dates (红枣). This helps them stay healthy when the weather changes. Respecting one’s parents and elders is another tradition, as the Rain Water solar term shows how the sky takes c 17 of the earth. Every year, m 18 of people enjoy the gentle beauty of spring, just like people in the past. Rain Water is an important cultural s 19 . It means new life, hope, and thankfulness. Let’s join this cycle of new life. By doing so, we can pass on our culture and protect n 20 for everyone. 【答案】 11．end/nd 12．everything/verything 13．ancient/ncient 14．when/hen 15．special/pecial 16．celebrate/elebrate 17．care/are 18．millions/illions 19．symbol/ymbol 20．nature/ature 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了二十四节气中的第二个节气——雨水，讲述了雨水节气的含义、在古代农业中的重要性、相关习俗以及文化意义。 11．句意：它预示着冬天的结束和春天的到来。根据后文the coming of spring（春天的到来），可知此处对应“冬天的结束”，首字母e及语义提示填end。 12．句意：细雨滋润大地，万物从冬眠中苏醒。根据常识，春天到来时万物复苏，首字母e及语义提示填everything。 13．句意：在古代中国，雨水对农业很重要。根据后文Farmers got their fields ready（农民准备田地）以及杜甫的诗句，可知此处描述古代的情况。首字母a及语义提示填ancient。 14．句意：正如诗人杜甫所写：“好雨知时节，当春乃发生。” 此处用when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，对应诗句中“当春乃发生”的含义。 15．句意：雨水在不同地区也有特殊的习俗。根据后文列举的“接雨水”、“做特色食物”等习俗，可知此处表示“特殊的”，首字母s及语义提示填special。 16．句意：例如，人们通过“接雨水”来庆祝，相信它会带来幸福和健康。根据后文believing it brings happiness and health，可知这是一种庆祝习俗，celebrate意为“庆祝”，符合语境；句子为一般现在时，主语people为复数，用动词原形。 17．句意：孝敬父母和长辈是另一项传统，因为雨水节气体现了天地如何呵护大地。结合“the earth”可知，take care of是固定短语，意为“照顾，呵护”。 18．句意：每年，数百万人都像古人一样欣赏春天的温婉之美。此处表示概数，millions of是固定短语，意为“数百万的，大量的”。 19．句意：雨水是一个重要的文化象征。根据后文It means new life, hope, and thankfulness（它意味着新生、希望和感恩），可知雨水是文化象征，an后接单数名词symbol。 20．句意：通过这样做，我们可以传承文化，为所有人保护自然。根据前文nature’s gentle gift（大自然的温柔馈赠），可知此处对应“保护自然”，首字母n及语义提示填nature。 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 Passage 3 The 2025 Jiangsu Football City League (联盟), or “Suchao”, is hot for months. All the cities in Jiangsu take p 21 in the matches and each city has one football team. It is a grassroots (基层的) sport and it is an e 22 for everyone. The tickets are very hard to get. Suchao is not l 23 other football games. The players are students, teachers, workers and people from other jobs. The oldest one is about 40 years old, and the youngest is only 16. The players try their best to play because they love football and their city. This m 24 Suchao special for all. Suchao starts from May to November this year. The matches take place on the w 25 , so many people have time to watch them with their family members. Many cities in Jiangsu do a lot for football f 26 from other cities. For example, they can get pancakes when watching the match in Yancheng. They feel very happy. The gyms are always full of people. They talk about the exciting matches on the internet. One of the most p 27 slogans (口号) is “Match comes f 28 , friendship is the fourteenth”. This shows how much people want to win. Suchao is not just about football. It a 29 helps people love their city more. It wants everyone to j 30 and feel great about their city. Suchao is now becoming part of people’s lives in Jiangsu. People in each city will remember these wonderful matches and players for a long time. 【答案】 21．part/art 22．event/vent 23．like/ike 24．makes/akes 25．weekend/eekend 26．fans/ans 27．popular/opular 28．first/irst 29．also/lso 30．join/oin 【导语】本文主要介绍了2025年江苏足球城市联赛（“苏超”）的相关情况，包括参赛情况、赛事特点、举办时间以及其对人们和城市的意义。 21．句意：江苏省所有城市都参加了比赛，每个城市都有一支足球队。该处需一个名词，构成固定短语“take part in”，意为“参加”，结合首字母“p”，应填part。 22．句意：它是一项基层运动，也是每个人的一场活动。该处需一个名词，在句中作表语，结合语境可知，苏超是一场面向所有人的活动，结合首字母“e”，应填event。 23．句意：苏超和其他足球比赛不一样。该处需一个介词，构成固定短语“be like”，意为“像……一样”，结合首字母“l”，应填like。 24．句意：球员们尽最大努力比赛，因为他们热爱足球和自己的城市。这使得苏超对所有人来说都很特别。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，主语“This”为单数，结合语境可知，球员们的态度让苏超变得特别，结合首字母“m”，应填makes。 25．句意：比赛在周末举行，所以很多人有时间和家人一起去看。该处需一个名词，构成固定短语“on the weekend”，意为“在周末”，结合首字母“w”，应填weekend。 26．句意：江苏省的许多城市为来自其他城市的足球迷做了很多事情。该处需一个名词，结合语境可知，此处指来观看比赛的足球迷，且应用复数形式，结合首字母“f”，应填fans。 27．句意：最受欢迎的口号之一是“比赛第一，友谊第十四”。该处需一个形容词，修饰名词“slogans”，结合语境可知，这个口号很受欢迎，结合首字母“p”，应填popular。 28．句意：最受欢迎的口号之一是“比赛第一，友谊第十四”。该处需一个副词，结合后半句“friendship is the fourteenth”可知，此处指比赛排在第一位，结合首字母“f”，应填first。 29．句意：它也帮助人们更爱自己的城市。该处需一个副词，结合前文“Suchao is not just about football”可知，此处表示递进，意为“也”，结合首字母“a”，应填also。 30．句意：它希望每个人都能加入进来，并为自己的城市感到自豪。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，结合语境可知，苏超希望每个人都能参与其中，结合首字母“j”，应填join。 根据短文内容及首字母提示, 填写所缺单词。 Passage 4 Nowadays, whenever people think of drones (无人驾驶飞机), the first thing that comes to mind is DJI drones. But many years ago, drones were a c 31 unexplored field, with only expensive and professional devices designed for special uses. Over time, DJI has grown to become the leader now. So, how did DJI achieve this? Let’s take a closer look at the company’s story. DJI Innovations, k 32 as DJI, is a global leader in drone technology. The founder of DJI is Wang Tao. During his college years at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, he began the early work of DJI’s projects. In 2006, he moved to Shenzhen and s 33 up DJI. At first, DJI focused on developing flight control systems. Then they created the multi-rotor autopilot system, which made drones more stable ( 稳定的) during flight. This was a big step forward in drone technology and l 34 to DJI’s first consumer drone in 2013: the Phantom 1, which was more user-friendly. The Phantom 1 was a game-changer. It made aerial photography easy for everyone, not just experts. With remote control and advanced GPS systems, users could take amazing sky-high videos and photos. Besides, DJI has also developed drones for different n 35 . For example, the Inspire series is w 36 used in film making, while the Matrice series helps with important tasks like fighting fires or finding lost people. You might also notice that more and more people are using the Pocket series to r 37 their daily lives. As a p 38 in the field of drones, DJI has been improving drone technology. It is the first company to offer 4K video recording in consumer drones. Their 3-axis gimbal (三轴云台) systems help keep footage smooth and free from shaking. DJI drones are also built with s 39 in mind. They use advanced GPS systems to locate and then avoid obstacles ( 障碍物) in order to reduce the r 40 of accidents. Today, DJI drones are known as a symbol of Chinese innovation, showing the country’s growing influence in high-tech industries. 【答案】 31．completely/ompletely 32．known/nown 33．set/et 34．led/ed 35．needs/eeds 36．widely/idely 37．record/ecord 38．pioneer/ioneer 39．safety/afety 40．risk/isk 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球无人机技术龙头企业大疆（DJI）的发展历程、产品布局与行业地位。 31．句意：但是多年前，无人机是一个完全未被探索的领域，只有为特殊用途设计的昂贵专业设备。空格需要副词修饰形容词unexplored（未被探索的），结合首字母c和语境“早年无人机领域尚未开发”，填completely（完全地），符合语义语法要求。 32．句意：大疆创新，俗称大疆，是全球无人机技术领域的领导者。固定搭配be known as意为“作为…被熟知”，此处是过去分词作后置定语修饰主语DJI Innovations，省略be动词，结合首字母k，填known，符合搭配和语义。   33．句意：2006年，他搬到深圳，创立了大疆。固定搭配set up意为“创立（公司/组织）”，本句动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，set的过去式还是原形set，结合首字母s，填set，符合语义。 34．句意：这是无人机技术前进的一大步，也促成了大疆在2013年推出首款消费级无人机——精灵1，这款无人机对用户更友好。固定搭配lead to意为“促成，导致”，本句和前文过去式动作并列，用一般过去时，lead的过去式是led，结合首字母l，填led。 35．句意：除此之外，大疆还针对不同需求开发了不同的无人机。后文举例了无人机的不同用途：影视拍摄、救援、日常记录，说明大疆是满足不同的使用需求，different后接可数名词复数，结合首字母n，填needs（需求），符合语义。 36．句意：例如，悟系列广泛应用于电影拍摄，而经纬系列则协助完成救火、搜寻失踪人员等重要任务。空格需要副词修饰动词used，结合首字母w和常识：大疆悟是主流专业影视航拍无人机，应用范围很广，填widely（广泛地），符合语义。 37．句意：你可能也注意到，越来越多人使用口袋系列来记录他们的日常生活。大疆口袋系列是便携式拍摄设备，多用于记录他们的日常生活，不定式to后接动词原形，结合首字母r，填record（记录），符合语义和使用场景。 38．句意：作为无人机领域的开拓者，大疆一直在不断升级无人机技术。前文提到大疆从无人开发的领域成长为行业领导者，是行业的开创者，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，结合首字母p，填pioneer（开拓者，先驱），符合语义。 39．句意：大疆无人机在设计时也将安全考虑在内。后文提到大疆的功能是“避障、减少事故”，说明设计核心考虑了安全问题，介词with后接名词，结合首字母s，填safety（安全），符合逻辑。 40．句意：它们使用先进的GPS系统定位，然后避开障碍物，以此降低事故风险。避障功能的作用就是减少事故发生的可能性，定冠词the后接名词，结合首字母r，填risk（风险），符合语义。 原卷版 一、短文填空 Passage 1 Nowadays, “green living” has become a hot topic around the world. It’s very important for us to protect the e 1 we live in. Here are some simple things we can do in our daily life. First, we should r 2 waste. We can use both sides of the paper to save trees. We can take cloth bags when we go shopping instead of using plastic ones. We should also say no to d 3 chopsticks and cups to cut down white pollution. Second, we should learn to s 4 waste into different groups. Recyclable things like waste paper, plastic bottles and glass can be sent to recycling centres. In this way, we can make full use of natural r 5 and reduce pollution at the same time. Third, we should save energy in our daily life. Remember to turn off the lights and taps when we don’t use them. We can take the bus or ride bikes instead of driving cars, which can help r 6 air pollution. Fourth, we should take a 7 to spread the idea of green living. We can tell our family and friends the importance of protecting the environment. We can also join in some volunteer activities, like picking up litter in the park or p 8 trees in the hills. Many people think protecting the environment is a big thing, but in fact, it’s j 9 something that everyone can do easily. Even a small action can make a big d 10 to our earth. Let’s start from now on! Passage 2 Spring rain arrives, bringing life to all things. Rain Water, the second term of the 24 Solar Terms, is nature’s gentle gift to us. It shows the e 11 of winter and the coming of spring. Fine rain waters the earth, and e 12 wakes up from the winter sleep. May life be as happy and beautiful as spring for us all. In a 13 China, Rain Water was important for farming. Farmers got their fields ready. They knew spring rain could help their crops grow well. As the poet Du Fu wrote, “Good rain comes in time, w 14 spring is in its prime (好雨知时节，当春乃发生) ”. This sentence expresses the importance of rain during this season. Rain Water also has s 15 customs in different areas, for example, people c 16 by “catching rainwater,” believing it brings happiness and health. Families often cook special food. For example, they make porridge with lotus seeds (莲子) and red dates (红枣). This helps them stay healthy when the weather changes. Respecting one’s parents and elders is another tradition, as the Rain Water solar term shows how the sky takes c 17 of the earth. Every year, m 18 of people enjoy the gentle beauty of spring, just like people in the past. Rain Water is an important cultural s 19 . It means new life, hope, and thankfulness. Let’s join this cycle of new life. By doing so, we can pass on our culture and protect n 20 for everyone. Passage 3 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 The 2025 Jiangsu Football City League (联盟), or “Suchao”, is hot for months. All the cities in Jiangsu take p 21 in the matches and each city has one football team. It is a grassroots (基层的) sport and it is an e 22 for everyone. The tickets are very hard to get. Suchao is not l 23 other football games. The players are students, teachers, workers and people from other jobs. The oldest one is about 40 years old, and the youngest is only 16. The players try their best to play because they love football and their city. This m 24 Suchao special for all. Suchao starts from May to November this year. The matches take place on the w 25 , so many people have time to watch them with their family members. Many cities in Jiangsu do a lot for football f 26 from other cities. For example, they can get pancakes when watching the match in Yancheng. They feel very happy. The gyms are always full of people. They talk about the exciting matches on the internet. One of the most p 27 slogans (口号) is “Match comes f 28 , friendship is the fourteenth”. This shows how much people want to win. Suchao is not just about football. It a 29 helps people love their city more. It wants everyone to j 30 and feel great about their city. Suchao is now becoming part of people’s lives in Jiangsu. People in each city will remember these wonderful matches and players for a long time. Passage 4 根据短文内容及首字母提示, 填写所缺单词。 Nowadays, whenever people think of drones (无人驾驶飞机), the first thing that comes to mind is DJI drones. But many years ago, drones were a c 31 unexplored field, with only expensive and professional devices designed for special uses. Over time, DJI has grown to become the leader now. So, how did DJI achieve this? Let’s take a closer look at the company’s story. DJI Innovations, k 32 as DJI, is a global leader in drone technology. The founder of DJI is Wang Tao. During his college years at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, he began the early work of DJI’s projects. In 2006, he moved to Shenzhen and s 33 up DJI. At first, DJI focused on developing flight control systems. Then they created the multi-rotor autopilot system, which made drones more stable ( 稳定的) during flight. This was a big step forward in drone technology and l 34 to DJI’s first consumer drone in 2013: the Phantom 1, which was more user-friendly. The Phantom 1 was a game-changer. It made aerial photography easy for everyone, not just experts. With remote control and advanced GPS systems, users could take amazing sky-high videos and photos. Besides, DJI has also developed drones for different n 35 . For example, the Inspire series is w 36 used in film making, while the Matrice series helps with important tasks like fighting fires or finding lost people. You might also notice that more and more people are using the Pocket series to r 37 their daily lives. As a p 38 in the field of drones, DJI has been improving drone technology. It is the first company to offer 4K video recording in consumer drones. Their 3-axis gimbal (三轴云台) systems help keep footage smooth and free from shaking. DJI drones are also built with s 39 in mind. They use advanced GPS systems to locate and then avoid obstacles ( 障碍物) in order to reduce the r 40 of accidents. Today, DJI drones are known as a symbol of Chinese innovation, showing the country’s growing influence in high-tech industries. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题13 短文填空（讲义）（天津专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测（原卷版） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1．从命题形式上看，短文首字母填空是一篇约200词的短文，以说明文为主，设10个空，每空1分。首句一般不设空，帮助学生快速进入语境。考查的单词均为课标内核心词汇，需要根据上下文语义、语法结构和固定搭配综合判断。 2. 从命题内容上看：文章题材多为科普知识、生活哲理、文化现象等。动词占比最高，名词和形容词次之，副词、连词、代词、介词偶有出现。注重在具体语境中考查词汇的拼写、词形变化以及固定搭配。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年 动词 3 4 3 4 2 名词 2 2 2 3 2 形容词 2 2 3 1 3 副词 2 0 1 1 2 连词 0 1 0 1 1 代词 1 1 0 0 0 介词 0 0 1 0 0 命题预测 1. 题材延续性：继续选用说明文或议论文，主题可能涉及环境保护、科技发展、传统文化、健康生活等。文章长度约200词，设10空。 2. 词类分布：动词3-4题，名词2-3题，形容词2-3题，副词1-2题，连词/代词/介词共1-2题。动词时态和语态变化，特别是过去式、动名词，是高频考点。 3. 词形变化：形容词比较级，）、动词过去式、动名词等变形题每年必考。 4. 固定搭配：介词短语、动词短语、连词等需注意。 语境化：每个空都必须通过上下文的语义线索、逻辑关系或语法结构推断，单纯背单词无法得分。 1．（2025·天津·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Today the earth is getting warmer and warmer. But hundreds of years a 1 , people had a different problem—a 400-year cold period! From the 1400s to the 1800s, winters in the northern half of the earth were c 2 and longer than they are now. Scientists c 3 this time the “Little Ice Age” (小冰期). The colder weather b 4 many serious problems. Plants died of cold and illness spread among people. People had to spend a lot more time collecting wood for fires to keep their house warm. And sometimes, a h 5 piece of ice would slide down (滑落) a mountain and destroy (摧毁) some villages. Scientists think the Little Ice Age was caused by forces (力量) that people could not control. One cause (起因), in their opinion, was the sun. The sun often has “storms” of energy called sunspots (太阳黑子). During the Little Ice Age, there were fewer sunspots than there are t 6 . With fewer sunspots, the sun was giving out less e 7 which made the earth warm. Volcanic eruption (火山爆发) was probably a 8 natural cause. During the Little Ice Age, many volcanoes erupted. Their dust (灰尘) might stop the sun’s l 9 and heat from reaching the earth. Today we are seeing the influences of rising temperature. Scientists think people are causing this change by b 10 a lot of coal and oil. So we need to change our way of living. 2.（2024·天津·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Long ago, the early people did not live in houses as we do today. Most of the homes were in caves or shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees. These ‘homes’ were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p 11 them from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests. Men of that time were called ‘cave people’. These ‘cave people’ usually lived in small groups and life was not e 12 for them. They had to move from place to place to s 13 for food. They would hunt, fish or pick wild fruit. When they couldn’t find a 14 to eat, they would leave to find another proper place. Their tools were very simple. They ate raw (生的) food u 15 they learnt how to make a fire. For clothing, they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c 16 their bodies. However, the lives of the ‘cave people’ changed. They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g 17 in the forests. Soon they learnt to plant fruit, vegetables and other crops. They also kept cows, sheep and other kinds of farm a 18 for milk, meat and skins. They became f 19 and lived in only one certain area. Their groups became l 20 than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives. They built houses as long-lasting homes, and as a result, villages and towns developed quickly. The ‘cave people’ began to be civilized (文明的). （1）短文首字母填空解题三步法 步骤 操作 要点 Step 1 通读全文 跳过空格，快速浏览全文，把握文章主旨、时态和情感基调 首句不设空，务必读懂；注意文章是过去时还是现在时 Step 2 逐空推断 结合上下文语义、固定搭配、语法结构确定单词及正确形式 ① 语义：根据上下文意思猜测词义 ② 搭配：根据固定短语（如be pleased with） ③ 语法：根据句子成分确定词性（动词、名词等） ④ 词形：注意时态、单复数、比较级等变化 Step 3 复核检查 填完后通读全文，检查逻辑是否通顺，拼写是否正确 特别注意不规则动词的过去式（如bring→brought） （2）各词类解题要点 词类 解题要点 真题示例 动词 ① 根据上下文确定动作 ② 判断时态（一般过去时最常见） ③ 注意被动语态、非谓语形式（-ing） brought, called, spread, working 名词 ① 根据上下文确定事物 ② 注意单复数（主谓一致、数量词） energy, animals, journeys, world 形容词 ① 描述人物情感或事物特征 ② 注意比较级（than标志） ③ be + adj. + with/of/about等固定搭配 colder, pleased, different, popular 副词 ① 修饰动词、形容词或整个句子 ② 时间副词（ago, today, later） ③ 程度副词（down, either） ago, today, finally, later 连词 判断前后句逻辑关系：因果（so, because）、时间（when, until）、让步（though） so, until, when 代词 不定代词（another, anything）、指示代词（this, that） another, anything 介词 固定搭配中的介词（around, without, by） around （3）常见固定搭配（天津中考高频） 固定搭配 含义 真题 be pleased with 对……满意 2023 search for 寻找 2024 go down 下降 2021 be popular 受欢迎 2021 be different from 与……不同 2022 a world of 大量的 2022 protect...from 保护……免受 2024 come back 回来 2022 not...either 也不 2021 1) 忽略时态：文章如果是过去时，动词必须用过去式（如bring→brought，grow→grew）。 2) 形容词比较级漏写-er：看到than就要想到比较级（如colder, easier, larger）。 3) 名词单复数错误：根据many, other kinds of, a few等判断用复数。 4) 动名词形式错误：介词后（by, for, without）动词用-ing形式（如burning, working）。 5) 首字母大小写：位于句首的单词首字母大写（如When, Finally）。 6) 拼写错误：不规则动词过去式要熟记（如bring→brought，不是bringed）。 1) 瞻前顾后：答案往往藏在前文或后文中。例如2025年57空colder由后文than和longer提示；2024年65空larger由than before提示。 2) 固定搭配法：遇到be ____ with可考虑填pleased；search ____填for（但注意空格在for位置时可能填search）。 3) 词性判断：空格前有a/an/the或形容词，填名词；空格前是to或情态动词，填动词原形；空格在介词后，填动名词。 4) 代入验证：填完后把句子连起来读一遍，看语义是否通顺。 1) 文章主题可能涉及：人工智能发展、传统文化保护、太空探索、心理健康。 2) 动词占比最高（3-4空），注意不规则动词过去式（如become→became, spread→spread）和动名词（by doing）。 3) 形容词比较级（than提示）和名词复数（many, other提示）仍为必考点。 4) 连词可能考查until, so, when；代词可能考查another, anything。 5) 介词短语固定搭配（如protect...from, be satisfied with）需积累。 一、短文填空 Passage 1 Nowadays, “green living” has become a hot topic around the world. It’s very important for us to protect the e 1 we live in. Here are some simple things we can do in our daily life. First, we should r 2 waste. We can use both sides of the paper to save trees. We can take cloth bags when we go shopping instead of using plastic ones. We should also say no to d 3 chopsticks and cups to cut down white pollution. Second, we should learn to s 4 waste into different groups. Recyclable things like waste paper, plastic bottles and glass can be sent to recycling centres. In this way, we can make full use of natural r 5 and reduce pollution at the same time. Third, we should save energy in our daily life. Remember to turn off the lights and taps when we don’t use them. We can take the bus or ride bikes instead of driving cars, which can help r 6 air pollution. Fourth, we should take a 7 to spread the idea of green living. We can tell our family and friends the importance of protecting the environment. We can also join in some volunteer activities, like picking up litter in the park or p 8 trees in the hills. Many people think protecting the environment is a big thing, but in fact, it’s j 9 something that everyone can do easily. Even a small action can make a big d 10 to our earth. Let’s start from now on! Passage 2 Spring rain arrives, bringing life to all things. Rain Water, the second term of the 24 Solar Terms, is nature’s gentle gift to us. It shows the e 11 of winter and the coming of spring. Fine rain waters the earth, and e 12 wakes up from the winter sleep. May life be as happy and beautiful as spring for us all. In a 13 China, Rain Water was important for farming. Farmers got their fields ready. They knew spring rain could help their crops grow well. As the poet Du Fu wrote, “Good rain comes in time, w 14 spring is in its prime (好雨知时节，当春乃发生) ”. This sentence expresses the importance of rain during this season. Rain Water also has s 15 customs in different areas, for example, people c 16 by “catching rainwater,” believing it brings happiness and health. Families often cook special food. For example, they make porridge with lotus seeds (莲子) and red dates (红枣). This helps them stay healthy when the weather changes. Respecting one’s parents and elders is another tradition, as the Rain Water solar term shows how the sky takes c 17 of the earth. Every year, m 18 of people enjoy the gentle beauty of spring, just like people in the past. Rain Water is an important cultural s 19 . It means new life, hope, and thankfulness. Let’s join this cycle of new life. By doing so, we can pass on our culture and protect n 20 for everyone. Passage 3 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 The 2025 Jiangsu Football City League (联盟), or “Suchao”, is hot for months. All the cities in Jiangsu take p 21 in the matches and each city has one football team. It is a grassroots (基层的) sport and it is an e 22 for everyone. The tickets are very hard to get. Suchao is not l 23 other football games. The players are students, teachers, workers and people from other jobs. The oldest one is about 40 years old, and the youngest is only 16. The players try their best to play because they love football and their city. This m 24 Suchao special for all. Suchao starts from May to November this year. The matches take place on the w 25 , so many people have time to watch them with their family members. Many cities in Jiangsu do a lot for football f 26 from other cities. For example, they can get pancakes when watching the match in Yancheng. They feel very happy. The gyms are always full of people. They talk about the exciting matches on the internet. One of the most p 27 slogans (口号) is “Match comes f 28 , friendship is the fourteenth”. This shows how much people want to win. Suchao is not just about football. It a 29 helps people love their city more. It wants everyone to j 30 and feel great about their city. Suchao is now becoming part of people’s lives in Jiangsu. People in each city will remember these wonderful matches and players for a long time. Passage 4 根据短文内容及首字母提示, 填写所缺单词。 Nowadays, whenever people think of drones (无人驾驶飞机), the first thing that comes to mind is DJI drones. But many years ago, drones were a c 31 unexplored field, with only expensive and professional devices designed for special uses. Over time, DJI has grown to become the leader now. So, how did DJI achieve this? Let’s take a closer look at the company’s story. DJI Innovations, k 32 as DJI, is a global leader in drone technology. The founder of DJI is Wang Tao. During his college years at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, he began the early work of DJI’s projects. In 2006, he moved to Shenzhen and s 33 up DJI. At first, DJI focused on developing flight control systems. Then they created the multi-rotor autopilot system, which made drones more stable ( 稳定的) during flight. This was a big step forward in drone technology and l 34 to DJI’s first consumer drone in 2013: the Phantom 1, which was more user-friendly. The Phantom 1 was a game-changer. It made aerial photography easy for everyone, not just experts. With remote control and advanced GPS systems, users could take amazing sky-high videos and photos. Besides, DJI has also developed drones for different n 35 . For example, the Inspire series is w 36 used in film making, while the Matrice series helps with important tasks like fighting fires or finding lost people. You might also notice that more and more people are using the Pocket series to r 37 their daily lives. As a p 38 in the field of drones, DJI has been improving drone technology. It is the first company to offer 4K video recording in consumer drones. Their 3-axis gimbal (三轴云台) systems help keep footage smooth and free from shaking. DJI drones are also built with s 39 in mind. They use advanced GPS systems to locate and then avoid obstacles ( 障碍物) in order to reduce the r 40 of accidents. Today, DJI drones are known as a symbol of Chinese innovation, showing the country’s growing influence in high-tech industries. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $