Unit 5 课时6 Lesson 6 (分层作业) 英语新教材冀教版八年级下册

Unit 5 Great inventions 课时6 Great inventions of ancient China分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 emperor /ˈempərə(r)/n. 皇帝 句型 1. It was invented in China over 2,500 years ago. ——该技术于2500多年前在中国被发明。 2. You are not allowed to build a sandcastle in Spain.—— 在西班牙，你不能建造沙堡。 一、单词默写。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.____________/ˈempərə(r)/n. 皇帝 【答案】emperor 二、词组默写。 1.……的好来源 _______________________ 2.富含…… _______________________ 3.对……很重要 _______________________ 4.……的风险 _______________________ 5.落入；陷入 _______________________ 6.……的一部分 _______________________ 7.沸水 _______________________ 8.全世界 _______________________ 9.追溯到 _______________________ 10.遍及全中国 _______________________ 11.由……制成 _______________________ 12.数以百计的 _______________________ 13.启发并塑造现代科技 _______________________ 【答案】1.a good source of 2.be rich in 3.be important for 4.the risk of 5.fall into 6.a part of 7.boiling water 8.all over the world 9.trace back to 10.throughout China 11.be made from 12.hundreds of13.inspire and shape modern science and technology 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 新鲜水果富含维生素。 Fresh fruit ______ ______ ______ vitamins. 2. 早睡早起对我们的健康很重要。 Going to bed early is ______ ______ our health. 3. 世界各地的人们都喜欢喝牛奶。 People ______ ______ ______ ______ like drinking milk. 4. 这座古老的建筑可以追溯到几百年前。 This old building can ______ ______ ______ hundreds of years ago. 5. 这张纸是用木材做成的。 This kind of paper ______ ______ ______ wood. 【答案】 1. is rich in 2. important for 3. all over the world 4. trace back to 5. is made from 四、单项选择。 1.The abacus ______ in China over 2,500 years ago. A. invents B. invented C. was invented D. is invented 2.Tofu ______ a good source of protein and ______ rich in minerals. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is 3.Tea ______ popular all over the world since ancient times. A. Becomes B. became C. has become D. will become 4.Silk ______ from the cocoons of silkworms and ______ widely used in ancient China. A. makes; is B. is made; is C. makes; was D. is made; was 5.The origins of porcelain can ______ back to the Han Dynasty in China. A. trace B. be traced C. traced D. tracing 【答案】 1.C　2. A　3. C　4.D　5. B 五、短文填空。 There is 1 small thing we use every day. We 2 (usual) put it in the bathroom. Without it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess 3 it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know anything about 4 (it) history? According 5 some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people 6 (clean) their teeth with some small tree branches (树枝). About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo. It might be the world’s 7 (early) form of toothbrushes. As time went 8 , the forms of toothbrushes changed. For example, people 9 (choose) horse-tail hair instead of pig hair because pig hair was too hard. Imagine that you travel back to 10 (hundred) of years ago and brush your teeth comfortably. It 11 (sound) fantastic, doesn’t it? Around the 12 (fifteen) century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became popular among local people soon. The 13 (invent) of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very 14 (use) in daily life. Today we have a good habit of brushing teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese 15 it. 【答案】 1．a 2．usually 3．what 4．its 5．to 6．cleaned 7．earliest 8．by 9．chose 10．hundreds 11．sounds 12．fifteenth 13．invention 14．useful 15．for 【导语】本文介绍了牙刷的历史：古代中国人最早用树枝洁牙，后来发明了猪鬃竹制牙刷，之后传播到欧洲，它虽不如造纸术著名，但在日常生活中非常实用。 1．句意：有一件我们每天都会用到的小东西。 “small”是以辅音音素开头的单词，此处表示“一件”，应用不定冠词“a”。 2．句意：我们通常把它放在浴室里。 此处修饰动词“put”，应用副词，“usual”的副词形式是“usually”。 3．句意：你能猜出它是什么吗？ 此处是宾语从句，缺少表语，结合语境表示“什么”，应用“what”。 4．句意：但你了解它的历史吗？ 此处修饰名词“history”，应用形容词性物主代词，“it”的形容词性物主代词是“its”。 5．句意：根据一些研究，在牙刷出现之前，古代中国人用一些小树枝清洁牙齿。 “according to”是固定搭配，意为“根据”，此处应用介词“to”。 6．句意：根据一些研究，在牙刷出现之前，古代中国人用一些小树枝清洁牙齿。 此处描述的是“古代中国人”的行为，属于过去发生的动作，应用动词“clean”的过去式“cleaned”。 7．句意：大约800年前，人们用猪鬃和竹子制作了一种刷子。它可能是世界上最早的牙刷形式之一。 根据“the world's”可知，此处表示最高级含义，“early”的最高级是“earliest”。 8．句意：随着时间的推移，牙刷的形式发生了变化。 “go by”是固定搭配，意为“（时间）流逝”，此处应用“by”。 9．句意：例如，人们选择马尾毛而不是猪鬃，因为猪鬃太硬了。 根据上下文的过去时态（如“went”“was”），此处应用“choose”的过去式“chose”。 10．句意：想象一下，你回到几百年前，舒适地刷牙。这听起来是不是很棒？ “hundreds of”是固定搭配，意为“数百的”，此处应用“hundreds”。 11．句意：想象一下，你回到几百年前，舒适地刷牙。这听起来是不是很棒？ 此处是反意疑问句，陈述部分是“it sounds fantastic”，主语是“it”，谓语应用第三人称单数形式，此处应用“sounds”。 12．句意：大约在15世纪，中国的牙刷传到了欧洲。 “the + 序数词 + century”表示“第……世纪”，“fifteen”的序数词是“fifteenth”。 13．句意：牙刷的发明不像造纸术那样著名，但在日常生活中非常实用。 此处表示“……的发明”，应用名词，“invent”的名词形式是“invention”。 14．句意：牙刷的发明不像造纸术那样著名，但在日常生活中非常实用。 此处作表语，应用形容词，“use”的形容词形式是“useful”。 15．句意：我们应该为此感谢古代中国人。 “thank sb. for sth.”是固定搭配，意为“因某事感谢某人”，此处应用“for”。 六、完形填空。 Money is very important in our daily life. But do you know how money developed over time? Before people used money, they 1 goods directly. For example, a farmer might trade rice for cloth. It was not easy to do business in this way. Later, people in ancient China 2 shell money. It was the earliest form of money in China. Even today, we can see the 3 of “shell” in many Chinese characters about money. During the Spring and Autumn Period, each state made its own money. It was not convenient for people to trade across different states. After Emperor Qin Shihuang united China, he made the whole country use the same type of money—a round coin with a square hole in the center. People could put the coins together with a rope and carry them 4 . Centuries later, there was less metal for making coins. The government of the Song Dynasty started to produce 5 money called “jiaozi”. It was a great invention and it made trade much easier. Now, with the development of 6 , digital money becomes more and more popular. People pay for almost everything 7 their mobile phones in China. Foreign tourists are surprised at this convenient way of payment when they visit China. What will money look like in the future? No one can tell for sure. But one thing is certain: money will continue to 8 and it will always make our life more convenient. It’s important for us to understand the history of money and know the 9 of money. Every coin counts, and we should use money in a 10 way. 1．A．bought B．traded C．sold D．gave 2．A．found B．used C．invented D．saw 3．A．symbol B．word C．name D．picture 4．A．easily B．hard C．quickly D．slowly 5．A．metal B．paper C．shell D．digital 6．A．science B．technology C．history D．culture 7．A．by B．with C．in D．through 8．A．change B．live C．exist D．develop 9．A．value B．price C．cost D．use 10．A．good B．right C．clever D．happy 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．D 8．D 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了货币从古代到现代的发展历程，包括不同形式的货币及其演变，以及数字货币在现代生活中的普及，强调了货币对生活便利性的影响和合理使用货币的重要性。 1．句意：在人们使用货币之前，他们直接交易货物。 根据“Before people used money”及“a farmer might trade rice for cloth”可知，在人们使用货币之前，是直接进行货物交易的。“traded”表示“交易”，符合语境。“bought”表示“买”，“sold”表示“卖”，“gave”表示“给”，均不符合“直接交易货物”的语境。 2．句意：后来，中国古代的人们发明了贝壳货币。 根据“It was the earliest form of money in China”可知，贝壳货币是中国古代最早形式的货币，是人们发明出来的。“invented”表示“发明”，符合语境。“found”表示“发现”，“used”表示“使用”，“saw”表示“看见”，均不符合“发明贝壳货币”的语境。 3．句意：甚至在今天，我们仍然可以在许多与钱有关的中国汉字中看到“贝壳”的象征。 根据“we can see the...of ‘shell’ in many Chinese characters about money”可知，此处表示在许多与钱有关的中国汉字中看到“贝壳”的象征。“symbol”表示“象征”，符合语境。“word”表示“单词”，“name”表示“名字”，“picture”表示“图片”，均不符合“‘贝壳’的象征”的语境。 4．句意：人们可以用绳子把硬币串在一起，方便携带。 根据“People could put the coins together with a rope”可知，用绳子把硬币串在一起是为了方便携带。“easily”表示“容易地”，符合语境。“hard”表示“困难地”，“quickly”表示“快速地”，“slowly”表示“缓慢地”，均不符合“方便携带”的语境。 5．句意：宋朝政府开始生产一种叫做“交子”的纸币。 根据“Centuries later, there was less metal for making coins”可知，几百年后，制造硬币的金属变少了，所以宋朝政府开始生产纸币。“paper”表示“纸”，符合语境。“metal”表示“金属”，“shell”表示“贝壳”，“digital”表示“数字的”，均不符合“纸币”的语境。 6．句意：现在，随着科技的发展，数字货币越来越受欢迎。 根据“digital money becomes more and more popular”可知，数字货币越来越受欢迎是随着科技的发展。“technology”表示“科技”，符合语境。“science”表示“科学”，“history”表示“历史”，“culture”表示“文化”，均不符合“数字货币越来越受欢迎”的语境。 7．句意：在中国，人们几乎用手机支付所有费用。 根据“their mobile phones”可知，此处表示通过手机支付费用。“through”表示“通过”，符合语境。“by”表示“乘坐某种交通工具或通过某种方式”，但此处更强调“借助手机这一媒介”，“with”表示“使用某种工具”，“in”表示“在……里面”，均不符合“通过手机支付费用”的语境。 8．句意：但有一件事是肯定的：货币将继续发展，它将始终使我们的生活更加便利。 根据“What will money look like in the future? No one can tell for sure”及“it will always make our life more convenient”可知，未来货币的样子不确定，但可以确定的是货币会继续发展，使生活更便利。“develop”表示“发展”，符合语境。“change”表示“改变”，“live”表示“生活”，“exist”表示“存在”，均不符合“货币继续发展”的语境。 9．句意：对我们来说，了解货币的历史和知道货币的价值是很重要的。 根据“Every coin counts”可知，每一枚硬币都很重要，说明了解货币的历史和知道货币的价值是很重要的。“value”表示“价值”，符合语境。“price”表示“价格”，“cost”表示“成本”，“use”表示“用途”，均不符合“货币的价值”的语境。 10．句意：每一枚硬币都很重要，我们应该以正确的方式使用货币。 根据“Every coin counts”可知，每一枚硬币都很重要，所以应该以正确的方式使用货币。“right”表示“正确的”，符合语境。“good”表示“好的”，“clever”表示“聪明的”，“happy”表示“开心的”，均不符合“以正确的方式使用货币”的语境。 七、阅读理解。 Great inventions from ancient China Ancient China was a land of great inventors. Many things we use today were first created here, long before they appeared in other parts of the world. About 4,700 years ago, the Chinese learned how to make silk. For a long time, they were the only ones who knew the secret. This valuable cloth attracted people from far away, leading to the famous Silk Road. This network of trade routes connected China to places like Europe and the Middle East. It brought wealth to China, but also risks. Finally, the secret was stolen when someone took silkworm eggs to Europe. The secret of paper-making was also discovered in China. Around 2,000 years ago, an official named Cai Lun invented it by mixing certain plants with water, then pressing and drying them. By 593, the Chinese had invented the first printing press, and the first printed newspaper appeared in around 700. Another famous Chinese invention is the kite. It is said that around 400 BCE, two men, Mo Di and Lu Ban, made kites shaped like birds. They were popular toys, but people soon found other uses for them. Kites could be used to help in fishing from the shore, deliver messages, or carry small items. Perhaps the most famous Chinese invention is gunpowder. Actually, it was discovered by accident by people trying to find a way to live forever. In the late Tang Dynasty, gunpowder was used in wars. It reached Arabian countries in the 1200s and then was known to the Europeans. Task: Choose the best answer. 选择最恰当的答案。 1．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Both China and Europe have great inventions. B．Ancient China was a leader in world invention. C．Europe copied many inventions from China. D．Silk and gunpowder are the most useful Chinese inventions. 2．Why does the writer mention “risks” in the second paragraph? A．To explain that trading silk on the Silk Road was dangerous. B．To highlight the danger of stealing silkworm eggs. C．To show that the spread of silk led to both benefits and losses. D．To emphasize the importance of keeping silk-making a secret. 3．What happened after the Chinese invented paper? A．They quickly started to use it for money. B．They soon stopped using it because it was expensive. C．They later used it for printing books and newspapers. D．They decided to keep the way to make it a secret. 4．What was the first use of kites when they were invented? A．They were used to deliver messages. B．They were used to carry small items. C．They were used as toys. D．They were used for fishing. 5．What can be inferred from the last paragraph about gunpowder? A．It had a great effect on the whole world. B．People used it to live a longer life. C．It was discovered by a soldier. D．It led to a drop in international trade. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文介绍了中国古代的几项伟大发明，包括丝绸、造纸术、印刷术、风筝和火药，展现了古代中国在发明创造领域的重要地位。 1．文章开篇指出“Ancient China was a land of great inventors. Many things we use today were first created here”，后文分别介绍丝绸、造纸术、风筝、火药等发明，说明古代中国在世界发明领域处于领先地位。 2．第二段提到“It brought wealth to China, but also risks”，丝绸贸易带来财富的同时也存在风险，后文提到秘密被窃取，说明丝绸的传播既带来益处也有损失。 3．第三段提到“Around 2,000 years ago, an official named Cai Lun invented it...By 593, the Chinese had invented the first printing press, and the first printed newspaper appeared in around 700”，说明中国人发明纸后，又将其用于印刷书籍和报纸。 4．第四段提到“They were popular toys, but people soon found other uses for them”，说明风筝最初被发明时是作为玩具使用的。 5．最后一段提到火药在唐代用于战争，13世纪传入阿拉伯国家，后被欧洲人知晓，由此可推断火药对整个世界产生了重大影响。 八、阅读表达。 The cheongsam, also known as the qipao, is a kind of traditional Chinese dress for women. It started from the Manchu people during the Qing Dynasty (朝代) in the early 17th century. There is a story about its invention. A young fisherwoman lived near Jingbo Lake and made a living by fishing. However, her long, wide clothes were very uncomfortable when she worked. An idea came into her mind: why not make a more comfortable dress? So, she created the qipao, which helped her fish much more easily. One night, the young emperor of China at that time had a dream. In the dream, his dead father told him that a lovely fisherwoman wearing a long dress by Jingbo Lake would become his wife. After that, the emperor sent his men to look for her. Finally, they found her at the place from his dream. The fisherwoman married the emperor, bringing her beautiful qipao with her. The Manchu women all liked this dress, and it soon became popular across China. Today, the cheongsam is famous worldwide. Not only Chinese women but also women from other countries, such as Indonesia, enjoy wearing it. This traditional dress, usually made of silk or cotton, has become a symbol of China. 1．Who started the cheongsam? ________________________________________________ 2．Where did the young fisherwoman live? ________________________________________________ 3．How could the qipao help the fisherwoman? ________________________________________________ 4．Did the emperor’s dead father or the fisherwoman appear in the emperor’s dream? ________________________________________________ 5．What materials are cheongsams usually made of? ________________________________________________ 【答案】1．The Manchu people. / The Manchu people started the cheongsam. 2．Near Jingbo Lake./ She lived near Jingbo Lake. 3．It helped her fish much more easily. 4．His dead father. 5．Silk or cotton./ They are usually made of silk or cotton. 【导语】本文介绍了旗袍的起源、相关传说以及旗袍如今作为中国文化符号在全球的影响力。 1．第一段“It started from the Manchu people during the Qing Dynasty (朝代) in the early 17th century.”点明答案。 2．第二段“A young fisherwoman lived near Jingbo Lake”提到了渔女的居住地点。 3．第二段“So, she created the qipao, which helped her fish much more easily.”提到旗袍让渔家女捕鱼更轻松。 4．第三段描述皇帝的梦时提到“In the dream, his dead father told him that a lovely fisherwoman wearing a long dress by Jingbo Lake would become his wife.”皇帝梦中出现的是他去世的父亲。 5．最后一段“This traditional dress, usually made of silk or cotton”可直接提取制作材质的信息。 九、阅读综合。 The Iron Age （铁器时代） started about 3,200 years ago and lasted for around 1,000 years, depending on the area. During the Iron Age, people began using iron tools and weapons （武器） instead of bronze ones. ToolsIron tools allowed farmers and builders to work better. They were able to grow more crops, clear land for farms, and build bigger buildings. WeaponsIron weapons were lighter and cheaper to make than weapons made from bronze. They were also stronger and sharper. Having good weapons meant societies could build powerful armies. Making ironMaking iron objects is a process that needs great craftsmanship（手艺）and care. The iron must be made very hot before it can be shaped into a weapon or a tool. How we shape iron today is similar to how iron age craftsmen performed the task. 1. Dig it out. Iron is dug from the ground in lumps（块）, called iron ore. 2. Heat it up. The iron ore is smelted at high temperatures to produce a spongy iron bloom. 3. Hammer it. The hot bloom is hammered and shaped into a tool or a weapon. 1．How long did the Iron Age last? It lasted for around . 2．What helped farmers and builders work better during the Iron Age? helped farmers and builders work better. 3．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? It refers to “ ”. 4．What is needed to make iron objects? It needs . 5．What’s the order of making iron? Write down the right steps for the picture. （每空不超过3个单词） 【答案】1．1,000 years 2．Iron tools 3．Iron weapons 4．great craftsmanship and care 5． Dig it out Heat it up Hammer it 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了铁器时代的历史时长、铁制工具与武器的特点，以及制作铁器的三个步骤。文章通过分板块的形式，分别阐述了铁器在农业、建筑、军事领域的应用，以及从开采铁矿到制成铁器的具体流程，帮助读者全面了解铁器时代的技术发展和铁器制作的基本原理。 1．首段直接指出“the Iron Age...lasted for around 1,000 years”，因此答案是原文直接信息。 2．“Tools”板块第一句明确说明“Iron tools allowed farmers and builders to work better”，这是原文中的直接信息，直接提取。 3．“Weapons”板块中，“They”出现在“Iron weapons were lighter...than weapons made from bronze. They were also stronger...”的语境中，根据上下文逻辑，前一句提到“Iron weapons”，后一句的“They”指代的就是“Iron weapons”。 4．“Making iron”板块第一句指出“Making iron objects is a process that needs great craftsmanship and care”，这是原文中的直接信息，直接提取 5．“Making iron”板块列出了三个步骤：“Dig it out. Iron is dug from the ground...called iron ore.”；“Heat it up. The iron ore is heated...to make it melt.”；“Hammer it. The hot bloom is hammered...”。因此，制作铁器的顺序是Dig it out；Heat it up；Hammer it。 $ Unit 5 Great inventions 课时6Lesson 6 Great inventions of ancient China 分层作业 参考答案 一、单词默写 1.emperor 二、词组默写 1.a good source of 2.be rich in 3.be important for 4.the risk of 5.fall into 6.a part of 7.boiling water 8.all over the world 9.trace back to 10.throughout China 11.be made from 12.hundreds of 13.inspire and shape modern science and technology 三、根据要求完成句子 1.is rich in 2.important for 3.all over the world 4.trace back to 5.is made from 四、单项选择 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.B 五、短文填空 1.a 2.usually 3.what 4.its 5.to 6.cleaned 7.earliest 8.by 9.chose 10.hundreds 11.sounds 12.fifteenth 13.invention 14.useful 15.for 六、完形填空 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.D 8.D 9.A 10.B 七、阅读理解 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.A 八、阅读表达 1.The Manchu people. 2.Near Jingbo Lake. 3.It helped her fish much more easily. 4.His dead father. 5.Silk or cotton. 九、阅读综合 1.1,000 years 2.Iron tools 3.Iron weapons 4.great craftsmanship and care 5.Dig it out；Heat it up；Hammer it 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 5 Great inventions 课时6 Great inventions of ancient China分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 emperor /ˈempərə(r)/n. 皇帝 句型 1. It was invented in China over 2,500 years ago. ——该技术于2500多年前在中国被发明。 2. You are not allowed to build a sandcastle in Spain.—— 在西班牙，你不能建造沙堡。 一、单词默写。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.____________/ˈempərə(r)/n. 皇帝 二、词组默写。 1.……的好来源 _______________________ 2.富含…… _______________________ 3.对……很重要 _______________________ 4.……的风险 _______________________ 5.落入；陷入 _______________________ 6.……的一部分 _______________________ 7.沸水 _______________________ 8.全世界 _______________________ 9.追溯到 _______________________ 10.遍及全中国 _______________________ 11.由……制成 _______________________ 12.数以百计的 _______________________ 13.启发并塑造现代科技 _______________________ 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 新鲜水果富含维生素。 Fresh fruit ______ ______ ______ vitamins. 2. 早睡早起对我们的健康很重要。 Going to bed early is ______ ______ our health. 3. 世界各地的人们都喜欢喝牛奶。 People ______ ______ ______ ______ like drinking milk. 4. 这座古老的建筑可以追溯到几百年前。 This old building can ______ ______ ______ hundreds of years ago. 5. 这张纸是用木材做成的。 This kind of paper ______ ______ ______ wood. 四、单项选择。 1.The abacus ______ in China over 2,500 years ago. A. invents B. invented C. was invented D. is invented 2.Tofu ______ a good source of protein and ______ rich in minerals. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is 3.Tea ______ popular all over the world since ancient times. A. Becomes B. became C. has become D. will become 4.Silk ______ from the cocoons of silkworms and ______ widely used in ancient China. A. makes; is B. is made; is C. makes; was D. is made; was 5.The origins of porcelain can ______ back to the Han Dynasty in China. A. trace B. be traced C. traced D. tracing 五、短文填空。 There is 1 small thing we use every day. We 2 (usual) put it in the bathroom. Without it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess 3 it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know anything about 4 (it) history? According 5 some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people 6 (clean) their teeth with some small tree branches (树枝). About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo. It might be the world’s 7 (early) form of toothbrushes. As time went 8 , the forms of toothbrushes changed. For example, people 9 (choose) horse-tail hair instead of pig hair because pig hair was too hard. Imagine that you travel back to 10 (hundred) of years ago and brush your teeth comfortably. It 11 (sound) fantastic, doesn’t it? Around the 12 (fifteen) century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became popular among local people soon. The 13 (invent) of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very 14 (use) in daily life. Today we have a good habit of brushing teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese 15 it. 六、完形填空。 Money is very important in our daily life. But do you know how money developed over time? Before people used money, they 1 goods directly. For example, a farmer might trade rice for cloth. It was not easy to do business in this way. Later, people in ancient China 2 shell money. It was the earliest form of money in China. Even today, we can see the 3 of “shell” in many Chinese characters about money. During the Spring and Autumn Period, each state made its own money. It was not convenient for people to trade across different states. After Emperor Qin Shihuang united China, he made the whole country use the same type of money—a round coin with a square hole in the center. People could put the coins together with a rope and carry them 4 . Centuries later, there was less metal for making coins. The government of the Song Dynasty started to produce 5 money called “jiaozi”. It was a great invention and it made trade much easier. Now, with the development of 6 , digital money becomes more and more popular. People pay for almost everything 7 their mobile phones in China. Foreign tourists are surprised at this convenient way of payment when they visit China. What will money look like in the future? No one can tell for sure. But one thing is certain: money will continue to 8 and it will always make our life more convenient. It’s important for us to understand the history of money and know the 9 of money. Every coin counts, and we should use money in a 10 way. 1．A．bought B．traded C．sold D．gave 2．A．found B．used C．invented D．saw 3．A．symbol B．word C．name D．picture 4．A．easily B．hard C．quickly D．slowly 5．A．metal B．paper C．shell D．digital 6．A．science B．technology C．history D．culture 7．A．by B．with C．in D．through 8．A．change B．live C．exist D．develop 9．A．value B．price C．cost D．use 10．A．good B．right C．clever D．happy 七、阅读理解。 Great inventions from ancient China Ancient China was a land of great inventors. Many things we use today were first created here, long before they appeared in other parts of the world. About 4,700 years ago, the Chinese learned how to make silk. For a long time, they were the only ones who knew the secret. This valuable cloth attracted people from far away, leading to the famous Silk Road. This network of trade routes connected China to places like Europe and the Middle East. It brought wealth to China, but also risks. Finally, the secret was stolen when someone took silkworm eggs to Europe. The secret of paper-making was also discovered in China. Around 2,000 years ago, an official named Cai Lun invented it by mixing certain plants with water, then pressing and drying them. By 593, the Chinese had invented the first printing press, and the first printed newspaper appeared in around 700. Another famous Chinese invention is the kite. It is said that around 400 BCE, two men, Mo Di and Lu Ban, made kites shaped like birds. They were popular toys, but people soon found other uses for them. Kites could be used to help in fishing from the shore, deliver messages, or carry small items. Perhaps the most famous Chinese invention is gunpowder. Actually, it was discovered by accident by people trying to find a way to live forever. In the late Tang Dynasty, gunpowder was used in wars. It reached Arabian countries in the 1200s and then was known to the Europeans. Task: Choose the best answer. 选择最恰当的答案。 1．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Both China and Europe have great inventions. B．Ancient China was a leader in world invention. C．Europe copied many inventions from China. D．Silk and gunpowder are the most useful Chinese inventions. 2．Why does the writer mention “risks” in the second paragraph? A．To explain that trading silk on the Silk Road was dangerous. B．To highlight the danger of stealing silkworm eggs. C．To show that the spread of silk led to both benefits and losses. D．To emphasize the importance of keeping silk-making a secret. 3．What happened after the Chinese invented paper? A．They quickly started to use it for money. B．They soon stopped using it because it was expensive. C．They later used it for printing books and newspapers. D．They decided to keep the way to make it a secret. 4．What was the first use of kites when they were invented? A．They were used to deliver messages. B．They were used to carry small items. C．They were used as toys. D．They were used for fishing. 5．What can be inferred from the last paragraph about gunpowder? A．It had a great effect on the whole world. B．People used it to live a longer life. C．It was discovered by a soldier. D．It led to a drop in international trade. 八、阅读表达。 The cheongsam, also known as the qipao, is a kind of traditional Chinese dress for women. It started from the Manchu people during the Qing Dynasty (朝代) in the early 17th century. There is a story about its invention. A young fisherwoman lived near Jingbo Lake and made a living by fishing. However, her long, wide clothes were very uncomfortable when she worked. An idea came into her mind: why not make a more comfortable dress? So, she created the qipao, which helped her fish much more easily. One night, the young emperor of China at that time had a dream. In the dream, his dead father told him that a lovely fisherwoman wearing a long dress by Jingbo Lake would become his wife. After that, the emperor sent his men to look for her. Finally, they found her at the place from his dream. The fisherwoman married the emperor, bringing her beautiful qipao with her. The Manchu women all liked this dress, and it soon became popular across China. Today, the cheongsam is famous worldwide. Not only Chinese women but also women from other countries, such as Indonesia, enjoy wearing it. This traditional dress, usually made of silk or cotton, has become a symbol of China. 1．Who started the cheongsam? ________________________________________________ 2．Where did the young fisherwoman live? ________________________________________________ 3．How could the qipao help the fisherwoman? ________________________________________________ 4．Did the emperor’s dead father or the fisherwoman appear in the emperor’s dream? ________________________________________________ 5．What materials are cheongsams usually made of? ________________________________________________ 九、阅读综合。 The Iron Age （铁器时代） started about 3,200 years ago and lasted for around 1,000 years, depending on the area. During the Iron Age, people began using iron tools and weapons （武器） instead of bronze ones. ToolsIron tools allowed farmers and builders to work better. They were able to grow more crops, clear land for farms, and build bigger buildings. WeaponsIron weapons were lighter and cheaper to make than weapons made from bronze. They were also stronger and sharper. Having good weapons meant societies could build powerful armies. Making ironMaking iron objects is a process that needs great craftsmanship（手艺）and care. The iron must be made very hot before it can be shaped into a weapon or a tool. How we shape iron today is similar to how iron age craftsmen performed the task. 1. Dig it out. Iron is dug from the ground in lumps（块）, called iron ore. 2. Heat it up. The iron ore is smelted at high temperatures to produce a spongy iron bloom. 3. Hammer it. The hot bloom is hammered and shaped into a tool or a weapon. 1．How long did the Iron Age last? It lasted for around . 2．What helped farmers and builders work better during the Iron Age? helped farmers and builders work better. 3．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? It refers to “ ”. 4．What is needed to make iron objects? It needs . 5．What’s the order of making iron? Write down the right steps for the picture. （每空不超过3个单词） $