Unit 6 I love literature.Lesson 5知识清单 2025-2026学年冀教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 6 Lesson 5的核心内容。从核心词汇（smooth、refuse等单词的词性、用法及例句）和短语（have no choice but to do...等）入手，通过核心句子的长难句分析夯实基础，进而聚焦宾语从句语法（引导词、语序、时态考点及记忆口诀），最终以单元写作（介绍文学作品的支架模板、好句积累及范文）形成从语言要素到综合运用的学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇-句子-语法-写作”逻辑递进，单词解析兼顾多词性及相关词，语法通过考点分类和口诀强化记忆，写作提供结构化模板与实例。注重语言能力培养（词汇语法积累与运用），通过长难句分析提升思维品质，借助写作支架和范文增强学习能力，助力学生构建完整知识体系并实现语言综合输出。

Unit 6 I love literature.Lesson 5知识清单 Part1核心单词 1 smooth /smuːð/ adj. 光滑的；顺利的 smooth adj. 光滑的；顺利的。作形容词，还可意为“平稳的；悦耳的”，在句中作定语或表语。 smoothly 作副词，意为“顺利地；平稳地；连续而流畅地”，主要用于修饰动词，表示动作进行得平稳、顺利、流畅。 smooth 作动词，意为“使光滑，使平整”，在句中作谓语。 例： Her skin was as smooth as silk. 她的皮肤像丝绸一样光滑。 We had a smooth trip. 我们的旅途很顺利。 The plane made a smooth landing. 飞机平稳地降落。 The singer has a smooth voice. 这位歌手有悦耳的嗓音。 The project is going smoothly. 项目进展顺利。 She smoothed her hair with her hand. 她用手捋了捋头发 2 refuse /rɪ'fjuːz/ v. 拒绝；回绝 refuse 作动词，意为“拒绝；回绝”，后接名词、代词或动词不定式短语作宾语。反义词为accept(接受)。 常见用法：(1)refuse sb./sth. 拒绝某人/ 某事(物) (2)refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 (3)refuse sb. sth. 拒绝给某人某物 例： He refused the gift. 他拒绝了这份礼物。 She refused to answer my question. 她拒绝回答我的问题 I refused him the money. 我拒绝给他这笔钱。 3 attack /ə'tæk/ v. & n. 攻击 attack 作动词意为“攻击；袭击”。 attack sb. with sth. 用某物攻击某人 attack 还可作名词“攻击；发作”，常见短语有： under attack 受到攻击；heart attack 心脏病发作。 例： The lion attacked the deer in the forest. 狮子在森林里攻击了鹿。 The company is under attack from its competitors.这家公司正受到其竞争对手的攻击。 He had a heart attack and was rushed to the hospital.他心脏病发作，并被紧急送往医院。 4 brave /breɪv/ adj. 勇敢的；无畏的 brave 作形容词，意为“勇敢的；无畏的”。 相关词：bravely adv. 勇敢地 bravery n. 勇敢 常见短语：face danger with bravery 勇敢地面对危险 be brave to do sth. 勇敢地去做某事 例： She was brave enough to speak in front of the whole class. 她足够勇敢，在全班面前发言。 The brave firefighter saved the child from the burning building. 勇敢的消防员从燃烧的建筑物中救出了孩子。 She bravely faced the challenges and succeeded.她勇敢地面对挑战并取得了成功。 The story is about the bravery of a young hero.这个故事讲述了一个年轻英雄的勇敢。 5 mention /'menʃn/ v. 提到；写到；说到 mention v. 提到；写到；说到，是及物动词，后面可以直接跟名词、代词或从句作宾语。 mention sb. / sth. 提到某人或某物 mention sth. to sb. 向某人提及某物 mention + that 从句 提到…… Don’t mention it! 常用于回答感谢或道歉，意为“没关系/ 不客气！”。 例： He mentioned our hometown in his article.他在他的文章中提到了我们的家乡。 The manager mentioned the meeting to me.经理向我提到了这次会议。 She mentioned that she would leave early. 她提到她要早点离开。 —Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。 —Don’t mention it. 不客气。 Part 2 核心短语 1 have no choice but to do... 别无选择只能做…… have no choice but to do... 表示“别无选择只能做……”，其中choice 是动词choose 的名词形式。注意but 后跟带to 的不定式。 have nothing to do but do... 无事可做只能做…… 例： I had no choice but to accept his offer. 我别无选择，只能接受他的提议。 The student had no choice but to finish the homework before class.那个学生别无选择，只能在课前完成作业。 He has nothing to do but read books at home.他无事可做，只有在家读书。 2 in return作为回报；作为回应 例：The King of Zhao feared he might get nothing in return. 3 as soon as“一……就……”, 引导时间状语从句 例：As soon as Lin got the jade, he stepped back to the pillars in the palace. Part3 核心句子 1 When the King of Qin heard of this, he offered Zhao fifteen cities for the smooth, bright jade. 长难句分析：这是一个复合句。主句主语为he，谓语为offered，间接宾语为Zhao，直接宾语为fifteen cities，for the smooth, bright jade 为目的状语。When the King of Qin heard of this 是时间状语从句。 2 If you use force against me, I’ll smash my head and the jade against this pillar.” 长难句分析：这是一个包含If 引导的条件状语从句的复合 句。主句主语为I，谓语为will smash，宾语为my head and the jade，against this pillar 为方式状语。If you use force against me 是条件状语从句。 Part4 核心语法 宾语从句 复合句中用来作宾语的句子是宾语从句。除动词后可接宾语从句外，介词以及某些形容词,如pleased, sure, glad, surprised, satisfied, afraid, certain 等的后面也可接宾语从句。 考点1 宾语从句的引导词 1. 引导陈述句的连接词：that that 引导的宾语从句表示陈述意义，且that 在从句中常可省略。 例：I think (that) he’ll be back in a moment. 我认为他一会儿就会回来。 注意：如果主句的主语为I，谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, guess, imagine 等，且宾语从句为否定句时，要把否定词前移到主句中。 I don’t think my mother will let me go with you.我认为我母亲不会让我和你一起去。 I don’t believe our teacher came here this morning.我相信我们的老师今天早晨没到这儿来。 注意：宾语从句中that 不能省略的情况：当有两个并列宾语从句时，第二个that 不能省略；主句谓语与宾语从句之间有插入语时，that 不可省；形式宾语it后的宾语从句，that不可省。 2. 引导“是否”类疑问句的连接词：if/whether if 和whether 两者一般可以互换，但是与or not 连用或引导词前有介词时，只能用whether不能用if。 例：We haven’t decided on whether we will attend the meeting.我们还没决定是否参加会议。 We don’t know if/whether he is at home.我们不知道他是否在家。 3. 引导特殊疑问句的连接词：特殊疑问词 例：Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?你能告诉我你正在等谁吗？ They argued about where they would go for vacation.他们为去哪里度假争论。 考点2 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应用陈述语序，即：主句+连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分。 例：I don’t know what they are looking for. 我不知道他们正在找什么。 Do you know where the library is?你知道图书馆在哪里吗？ 注意：当疑问代词what/who 在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身即是陈述语序， 所以转变成宾语从句后无需再调整语序。 例：He told me who was his favourite teacher.他告诉了我谁是他最喜欢的老师。 考点3 宾语从句的时态 1. 在含有宾语从句的复合句中，若主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。 例：The headmaster hopes everything goes well. 校长希望一切进展顺利。 He says he will visit Paris next year. 他说他明年将去参观巴黎。 2. 若主句是过去时态，从句要用相应的过去时态。 例：He asked who could answer the question.他问谁能回答这个问题。 I knew she had left before I arrived.我知道我到之前她已经走了。 3. 当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。 例：Yesterday the teacher told us the earth goes around the sun.昨天老师告诉我们地球围绕太阳转。 My grandpa told me light travels faster than sound.我的爷爷告诉我光比声音传播得快。 记忆口诀 宾语从句 宾语从句三要素，连接时态和语序。that 无义可省略，whether/if 表是否。 特殊疑问词引导，疑问意思不偏离。语序必须是陈述，主谓位置别颠倒。 主现从不限时态，主过从过要牢记。客观真理永不变，一般现在来保底。 Part5 单元写作 【写作维度】 本单元的写作项目是“介绍文学作品”，相关内容包含以下几个方面：(1)介绍一个经典故事(2)介绍一本经典书籍(3)创作一首诗歌。 【写作支架/模板】 介绍文学作品 第一步，引出故事背景 第二步，描述事件经过 第三步，表达对故事的评价与感受 【好句积累】 一、开头段 ① There are many kinds of... ② In my opinion, reading stories is... ③ One of my favourites is... 二、中间段 ① One day, Sima Guang and a few... ② When Sima Guang saw his friend in danger, he.... ③ This story shows Sima Guang’s quick thinking and bravery. ④ The characters, such as the Monkey King, are brave and clever. ⑤ This story is really interesting. 三、结尾段 ① The story told us... ② I have learned a lot from... ③ This story encourages me to... 【经典例题】 中国有着丰富的寓言和历史故事，它们不仅生动有趣，还传递了古人的智慧与美德。“司马光砸缸”就是其中一个经典的故事。请你结合所给图片，以“Sima Guang Smashed the Water Vat”为题，用英文讲述这个故事，并谈谈你对这个故事的评价与感受。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 不得出现真实姓名及学校名称。 参考词汇：smash v.砸(smash—smashed) vat n.缸 play hide-and-seek玩捉迷藏 slip into掉进(slip—slipped) 精彩范文展示 Sima Guang Smashed the Water Vat We’re learning about different types of literature in our English class this week. One of my favourites is Sima Guang Smashed the Water Vat. One day, Sima Guang and his friends were playing hide-and-seek in the garden. Suddenly, one of the children slipped into a large water vat and couldn’t get out. Everyone panicked, but Sima Guang remained calm. When Sima Guang saw his friend in danger, he quickly picked up a stone and smashed the vat to save him. This story shows Sima Guang’s quick thinking and bravery. It reminds us that in emergencies, staying calm and acting decisively can make a big difference. I admire Sima Guang’s courage and wisdom, and this story inspires me to think creatively in difficult situations. 【实战演练】 假如你应邀参加一个英语读书分享会，将分享你自己读过的一本经典名著。请根据下列表格中的要点，用英语写一篇短文，介绍你要分享的书。 Book Journey to the West The writer Wu Cheng’en The main story ·go on a journey to the west ·fight against evil ·overcome the difficulties Reasons why I like it ·meaningful ·keep fighting ·never give up 注意： 1. 文中必须包括所给的内容要点，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不能出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息； 3. 词数 80-100。 范文参考 Journey to the West I’d like to share the book Journey to the West with you. It was written by Wu Cheng’en. The story is about a monk with his three disciples traveling west to get Buddhist scriptures. On the way, they fight against evil and overcome many difficulties. My favourite character is the Monkey King. He is brave and clever. The four of them never give up, no matter how hard the journey is. I like this book because it is meaningful and teaches us to keep fighting. I believe you will learn a lot from reading it. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $