专题06 阅读理解（七选五）（期中真题汇编，北京专用）高二英语下学期

专题06 阅读理解（七选五） Passage 1 （24-25高二下·北京大兴·期中） In a rapidly changing world, the concept of a job for life has become as rare as a dial-up internet connection. This shift from stable, long-term employment and single-employer careers to a world where frequent job changes are the norm comes directly from globalization, rapid technological advancements and the changing ideas about work. 1 This has made job markets fiercely competitive and talent and opportunities in the labor market more diverse and digitally accessible. Jobs can be widely publicized and explored online and are no longer tied to your city of birth. The job market is transforming, with new careers emerging as automation and artificial intelligence (AI) advances. Advanced software in banking and finance means data analysis can be automated. 2 These changes highlight the need for professionals to update their skills and adapt to a technologically evolving job market. Career paths have become fluid and multi-directional. 3 It’s about exploring different paths, switching jobs and industries and sometimes even venturing into freelancing and the gig economy. How are employers coping with this shift? Employers are rethinking strategies for career development with emphasis on providing diverse and flexible career opportunities, supporting continuous learning, and acknowledging unconventional career paths. 4 And for the individuals stepping into the workforce, the message is clear. Take charge of your career development. 5 Make preparation to navigate through transitions and uncertainties. In these dynamic career landscapes, adaptability and resilience are your best allies that help you craft a fulfilling, meaningful career. A．It’s no longer just about getting a regular paycheck. B．Rapid technological advancements can’t be ignored. C．Risks and price policies can be efficiently assessed using AI. D．They want to balance their work and life in a changing world. E．Be optimistic, embrace change, and continually update your skills. F．Globalization has turned the world economy into a giant, interconnected web. G．This approach is a strategy to attract talent in a highly competitive job market. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．A 4．G 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是在全球化、科技进步等因素影响下，就业市场发生转变，职业路径更灵活，还阐述了雇主的应对策略及对求职者的建议。 1．上文“This shift from stable, long-term employment and single-employer careers to a world where frequent job changes are the norm comes directly from globalization, rapid technological advancements and the changing ideas about work.(从稳定的长期就业和单一雇主的职业转变为频繁更换工作成为常态的世界，这直接源于全球化、快速的技术进步和对工作观念的改变)”提到了全球化等因素对就业的影响，结合下文“This has made job markets fiercely competitive and talent and opportunities in the labor market more diverse and digitally accessible. Jobs can be widely publicized and explored online and are no longer tied to your city of birth.(这使得就业市场竞争激烈，劳动力市场的人才和机会更加多样化，并且可以通过数字方式获得。工作可以在网上广泛宣传和探索，不再局限于你出生的城市)”可知，此空应具体阐述全球化对就业市场的影响，F选项“Globalization has turned the world economy into a giant, interconnected web.(全球化已经把世界经济变成了一个巨大的、相互联系的网络)”说明了全球化的作用，承接上文提到的全球化因素，引出下文关于就业市场变化的描述，符合语境。故选F项。 2．根据上文“The job market is transforming, with new careers emerging as automation and artificial intelligence (AI) advances. Advanced software in banking and finance means data analysis can be automated.(随着自动化和人工智能（AI）的发展，就业市场正在发生变化，新的职业不断涌现。银行和金融领域的先进软件意味着数据分析可以实现自动化)” 可知，此段讲述了自动化和人工智能对就业市场的影响，举例说明了银行和金融领域的情况，C选项“Risks and price policies can be efficiently assessed using AI.(使用人工智能可以有效地评估风险和价格政策)”也是人工智能在金融领域的应用，与上文提到的数据分析自动化一样，都是人工智能对就业市场产生影响的例子，符合语境。故选C项。 3．根据上文“Career paths have become fluid and multi-directional.(职业道路变得更加灵活和多向)”可知，此段讲述职业道路的变化，结合下文 “It’s about exploring different paths, switching jobs and industries and sometimes even venturing into freelancing and the gig economy.(这是关于探索不同的道路，更换工作和行业，有时甚至涉足自由职业和零工经济)”进一步说明了职业道路的灵活性，A选项“It’s no longer just about getting a regular paycheck.(这不再仅仅是为了得到一份固定的薪水)”表明现在的职业不再单纯是为了获取固定收入，与下文强调的职业的多样性和灵活性相呼应，符合语境。故选A项。 4．根据上文“Employers are rethinking strategies for career development with emphasis on providing diverse and flexible career opportunities, supporting continuous learning, and acknowledging unconventional career paths.(雇主们正在重新思考职业发展战略，重点是提供多样化和灵活的职业机会，支持持续学习，并认可非传统的职业道路)”可知，此段讲述雇主应对就业市场变化的策略，G选项“This approach is a strategy to attract talent in a highly competitive job market.(这种方法是在竞争激烈的就业市场中吸引人才的一种策略)”中的“This approach”指代上文提到的雇主的策略，说明这些策略的目的是吸引人才，符合语境。故选G项。 5．根据上文“And for the individuals stepping into the workforce, the message is clear. Take charge of your career development.(对于进入职场的个人来说，信息很明确。要掌控自己的职业发展)”可知，此段是对求职者的建议，结合下文“Make preparation to navigate through transitions and uncertainties. In these dynamic career landscapes, adaptability and resilience are your best allies that help you craft a fulfilling, meaningful career.(为应对转变和不确定性做好准备。在这些充满活力的职业环境中，适应性和韧性是你最好的盟友，帮助你打造充实、有意义的职业)”可知，应具备适应性和韧性等品质，E选项“Be optimistic, embrace change, and continually update your skills.(保持乐观，拥抱变化，并不断更新你的技能)”也是对求职者的建议，与下文提到的适应变化和不断提升自己相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。 Passage 2 （2025·北京顺义·期中） Whether it’s the echo (回声) of beeping tills in a supermarket or the hissing of a coffee machine in your local café, the brain is constantly working to decode (解码) hundreds of noises each day. But for individuals like 25-year-old Sophie, these background noises can be stressful. 6 She says she can’t figure out where they’re coming from and can’t compute them fast enough. After a hearing test came back normal, Sophie met a private audiologist (听觉矫正专家) for further testing. She was eventually diagnosed (诊断) with auditory processing disorder (APD). 7 However, her audiologist believes the overuse of noise-canceling headphones, which Sophie wears for up to five hours a day, could have a part to play. Noise-canceling headphones do have advantages for long-term ear health. But some experts warn that by blocking everyday sounds, the brain may “forget” how to filter (过滤) noise. 8 Over-reliance on noise-canceling headphones during this period might delay the ability to process speech and noise. Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children have seen an increase in demand for assessments of children struggling to hear certain words in noisy environments. 9 Audiologists are calling for more research into the impact of noise-canceling headphones on teen’s auditory processing. 10 Mobile apps with “word in noise” training exercises are popular for helping patients distinguish speech from background noise. Additionally, microphones and low-gain hearing aids can assist in specific situations. Choosing headphones that don’t completely block the ears is also suggested. A．The cause of Sophie’s APD diagnosis is unknown. B．Treatment for APD can make a significant positive difference. C．Despite having normal hearing, she often struggles to recognize voices. D．She would leave bars and restaurants early because of the stressful noise. E．They note that the high-level listening skills don’t fully develop until late teens. F．One survey showed 61% of 18-24 year olds prefer to watch TV with subtitles on. G．Hearing a diversity of sounds helps the brain decide what is important to focus on. 【答案】6．C 7．A 8．E 9．F 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以Sophie患听觉处理障碍(APD)为例，介绍了APD，分析了可能的原因，如过度使用降噪耳机，并提及了相应的治疗方法。 6．上文“But for individuals like 25 year old Sophie, these background noises can be stressful.(但对于像25岁的索菲这样的人来说，这些背景噪音可能会带来压力)”指出Sophie会因背景噪音感到压力。C选项“Despite having normal hearing, she often struggles to recognize voices.(尽管听力正常，但她经常难以辨认声音)”进一步说明了Sophie在听觉方面的困扰，与上文提到的背景噪音带来压力相呼应，且与下文“She says she can’t figure out where they’re coming from and can’t compute them fast enough.(她说她搞不清声音从哪里来，也不能快速处理这些声音)”衔接紧密。故选C项。 7．下文“However, her audiologist believes the overuse of noise canceling headphones, which Sophie wears for up to five hours a day, could have a part to play.(然而，她的听觉矫正专家认为，索菲每天佩戴长达五小时的降噪耳机过度使用可能起到了一定作用)”中“However”表示转折，说明前面对于Sophie患APD的原因是不确定的。A选项“The cause of Sophie’s APD diagnosis is unknown.(索菲被诊断出患有APD的原因尚不清楚)”符合上下文逻辑。故选A项。 8．下文“Over reliance on noise canceling headphones during this period might delay the ability to process speech and noise.(在这个时期过度依赖降噪耳机可能会延迟处理语音和噪音的能力)”提到了“this period”，说明前面应该提到了一个特定的时期。E选项“They note that the high level listening skills don’t fully develop until late teens.(他们指出，高级听力技能直到青少年晚期才会完全发展)”指出了高级听力技能发展的时期，与下文的“this period”相呼应。故选E项。 9．上文“Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children have seen an increase in demand for assessments of children struggling to hear certain words in noisy environments.(大奥蒙德街儿童医院发现，对在嘈杂环境中难以听清某些单词的儿童进行评估的需求有所增加)”说明儿童在嘈杂环境中听力有问题的情况增多。F选项“One survey showed 61% of 18-24 year olds prefer to watch TV with subtitles on.(一项调查显示，61%的18-24岁的人更喜欢看带字幕的电视)”进一步举例说明年轻人在听力方面可能存在的问题，与上文内容相关。故选F项。 10．下文“Mobile apps with ‘word in noise’ training exercises are popular for helping patients distinguish speech from background noise. Additionally, microphones and low gain hearing aids can assist in specific situations. Choosing headphones that don’t completely block the ears is also suggested.(带有‘噪音中的单词’训练练习的移动应用程序很受欢迎，可帮助患者从背景噪音中分辨出语音。此外，麦克风和低增益助听器可以在特定情况下提供帮助。还建议选择不完全堵住耳朵的耳机)”介绍了治疗APD的方法。B选项“Treatment for APD can make a significant positive difference.(对APD的治疗可以产生显著的积极影响)”引出下文关于治疗方法的内容。故选B项。 Passage 3 （2025·北京丰台·期中） Experts have warned that an obsession (痴迷) with healthy eating can cause mental health problems. A survey among mental health professionals found 90% of those surveyed, like in previous research, had seen patients with orthorexia nervosa (ON). 11 The survey found some patients cut out foods like fish, meat or dairy, considering them “unclean”. Their fixation on “pure” foods leads to deficiencies (缺陷) like iron-deficiency anaemia or vitamin B12 deficiency. For example, Dr Niket Sonpal found that his patients didn’t consume enough calories, minerals, protein or carbohydrates. Some patients even cut out entire food groups after the big dinners of holidays. 12 The term ON was coined in 1997 by Dr. Steven Bratman. He noticed patients’ extreme diets caused malnutrition, anxiety, and even death. 13 It poses a significant challenge. Healthcare providers may not be trained to spot the signs easily, and patients might not be aware their eating habits. As a result, diagnosis and treatment are delayed. 14 Healthcare providers need to be attentive to identify and deal with ON in patients, providing support such as nutritional advice, psychological aid, and diet-diversity education. The public needs to know the risks of overly strict eating. 15 True well-being comes from a healthy relationship with food, not an obsession with “clean” eating. By taking these steps, we can prevent mental health issues caused by fixating on healthy eating and promote a culture where food brings both nourishment and joy. A．Despite its risks, ON isn’t officially recognised as an eating disorder. B．Some online health communities provide some self-treatment methods. C．ON patients showed doubled depression rates compared to non-sufferers. D．Media and social platforms can promote a more realistic view of nutrition. E．Hence, experts warned that a healthy diet should not simply be seen as a source of restriction. F．In light of the findings, the medical community and the public should take a balanced view on healthy eating. G．Basically, orthorexia is a fixation on eating only healthy or pure foods, or what an individual perceives as healthy or pure. 【答案】11．G 12．E 13．A 14．F 15．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了健康饮食痴迷会导致心理健康问题。 11．根据上文“A survey among mental health professionals found 90% of those surveyed, like in previous research, had seen patients with orthorexia nervosa (ON). (一项针对心理健康专业人士的调查发现，与之前的研究一样，90%的受访者见过神经性厌食症（ON）患者。)”引出了“orthorexia nervosa (ON)”这个概念，G选项“Basically, orthorexia is a fixation on eating only healthy or pure foods, or what an individual perceives as healthy or pure. (基本上，正统厌食症就是只吃健康或纯净的食物，或者一个人认为健康或纯净的食物。)”对 “orthorexia”进行了基本的解释，即它是一种只专注于吃健康或纯净食物，或者个人认为健康或纯净的食物的状态，符合上下文语境，起到了承接上文的作用。故选G项。 12．根据上文“For example, Dr Niket Sonpal found that his patients didn’t consume enough calories, minerals, protein or carbohydrates.  Some patients even cut out entire food groups after the big dinners of holidays. (例如，尼克特·桑帕尔医生发现他的病人没有摄入足够的卡路里、矿物质、蛋白质或碳水化合物。一些病人甚至在节日大餐后不吃所有的食物。)”描述了患者对“纯净”食物的痴迷导致各种营养缺陷，比如一些患者在假期大餐后甚至会剔除整个食物类别。E选项“Hence, experts warned that a healthy diet should not simply be seen as a source of restriction. (因此，专家们警告说，健康的饮食不应该被简单地看作是限制的来源。)”中“Hence”表示因果关系，“experts warned”与前文提到的专家发现的问题相呼应，且该选项指出健康饮食不应仅仅被视为一种限制的来源，是对上文现象的总结和专家的警告，符合语境。故选E项。 13．根据上文“The term ON was coined in 1997 by Dr. Steven Bratman. He noticed patients’ extreme diets caused malnutrition, anxiety, and even death. (ON这个词是史蒂芬·布拉特曼博士在1997年创造的。他注意到病人的极端饮食会导致营养不良、焦虑甚至死亡。)”说明了“ON”的提出以及其带来的危害，下文提到“It poses a significant challenge. Healthcare providers may not be trained to spot the signs easily, and patients might not be aware their eating habits. (这是一个重大的挑战。医疗保健提供者可能没有接受过容易发现这些迹象的培训，患者可能没有意识到他们的饮食习惯。)”指出它带来的挑战。A选项“Despite its risks, ON isn’t officially recognised as an eating disorder. (尽管存在风险，但ON并没有被官方认定为饮食失调。)”中“Despite its risks”承接上文提到的危害，“isn’t officially recognised as an eating disorder”引出下文因为未被官方认可所以带来的诊断和治疗方面的挑战，起到了承上启下的作用。故选A项。 14．根据下文“Healthcare providers need to be attentive to identify and deal with ON in patients, providing support such as nutritional advice, psychological aid, and diet-diversity education. The public needs to know the risks of overly strict eating. (医疗保健提供者需要注意识别和处理ON患者，提供营养建议、心理援助和饮食多样性教育等支持。公众需要知道过度严格饮食的风险。)”分别从医疗保健提供者和公众两个方面阐述了应对措施。F选项“In light of the findings, the medical community and the public should take a balanced view on healthy eating. (鉴于这些发现，医学界和公众应该对健康饮食持平衡的态度。)”中“the medical community and the public”与下文的“Healthcare providers”和“The public”相对应，“take a balanced view on healthy eating”引出下文的具体措施，符合语境。故选F项。 15．根据上文“The public needs to know the risks of overly strict eating. (公众需要知道过度严格饮食的风险。)”以及下文提到“True well-being comes from a healthy relationship with food, not an obsession with “clean” eating. (真正的健康来自与食物的健康关系，而不是对“纯净”饮食的痴迷。)”，此处应是关于公众了解健康饮食的具体措施。D选项“Media and social platforms can promote a more realistic view of nutrition. (媒体和社交平台可以促进更现实的营养观。)” 指出媒体和社交平台可以促进对营养更现实的看法，是公众了解健康饮食的一种方式，符合上下文语境。故选D项。 Passage 4 （2025·北京门头沟·期中） Daydreaming, often dismissed as a waste of time, is increasingly recognized as a vital cognitive process. Far from being a sign of laziness, daydreaming allows the brain to explore ideas, solve problems and foster creativity. Recent studies in neuroscience have revealed the complex mechanisms behind this mental activity. When we daydream, the brain enters a state known as the “default mode network” (DMN). 16 This network becomes active when we are not focused on the outside world, enabling the brain to process information, consolidate memories and generate new ideas. For example, many breakthroughs in science and art have emerged from moments of spontaneous daydreaming. Contrary to popular belief, daydreaming is not a passive activity. It requires significant mental energy and involves complex neural activity. Research shows that during daydreaming, the brain engages in high-level cognitive processes, such as planning, self-reflection and emotional regulation. 17 Moreover, daydreaming can enhance problem-solving abilities. By exploring in the daydream, many people can find ways to tackle the problems. 18 By allowing the mind to wander, we can approach challenges from new perspectives and uncover innovative solutions. Studies have found that individuals who daydream regularly tend to perform better on tasks requiring creative thinking. 19 Negative daydreaming patterns can interfere with mental health and daily functioning. Excessive or negative daydreaming, often linked to meditation, can lead to anxiety and reduced productivity. The key is to strike a balance between focused work and intentional daydreaming. To harness the benefits of daydreaming, it’s important to create opportunities for it. 20 For instance, taking short breaks during work or engaging in activities like walking can stimulate the DMN and promote productive daydreaming. A．However, not all daydreaming is beneficial. B．The DMN is a network of brain regions that activate during restful states. C．These activities are essential for long-term goal setting and personal growth. D．Daydreaming is most effective when combined with periods of intense focus. E．The brain’s ability to switch between focused attention and daydreaming is crucial. F．It also can improve emotional toughness by helping us process difficult experiences. G．Structured daydreaming, such as guided visualization, can enhance its positive effects. 【答案】16．B 17．C 18．F 19．A 20．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了白日梦的认知价值及其神经机制，分析了其积极作用（如促进创造力、解决问题）和潜在负面影响，并提出如何有效利用白日梦的方法。 16．根据上文“When we daydream, the brain enters a state known as the “default mode network” (DMN) (当我们做白日梦时，大脑进入一种被称为“默认模式网络”（DMN）的状态)”可知，选项承接上文需解释DMN的定义。故B选项“DMN是大脑在休息状态下激活的区域网络”切题。故选B项。 17．根据上文“Research shows that during daydreaming, the brain engages in high-level cognitive processes, such as planning, self-reflection and emotional regulation.(研究表明，在做白日梦时，大脑会进行高级认知过程，如计划、自我反思和情绪调节)”可知，选项承接上文说明这些活动的作用。故C选项“这些活动对长期目标设定和个人成长至关重要”切题。故选C项。 18．根据上文“Moreover, daydreaming can enhance problem-solving abilities. By exploring in the daydream, many people can find ways to tackle the problems.(此外，白日梦可以提高解决问题的能力。通过在白日梦中探索，许多人可以找到解决问题的方法)”可知，选项承接上文说明白日梦的其他益处。故F选项“它还能通过帮助我们处理困难经历来提升情绪韧性”切题。故选F项。 19．根据下文“Negative daydreaming patterns can interfere with mental health and daily functioning.(消极的白日梦模式会干扰心理健康和日常功能)”可知，选项引出下文的负面影响。故A选项“然而，并非所有白日梦都有益”切题。故选A项。 20．根据上文“To harness the benefits of daydreaming, it's important to create opportunities for it.(为了利用白日梦的好处，为它创造机会是很重要的)”可知，本段首句提出核心观点 “要利用白日梦的益处，需为其创造机会”，即讲如何让白日梦发挥积极作用，空格处需补充具体方法，再衔接后句的举例，形成 “观点 - 方法 - 举例” 的逻辑。选项G“Structured daydreaming, such as guided visualization, can enhance its positive effects.(结构化的白日梦，如指导性冥想，可以增强其积极效果。)” 提出具体方法 “结构化的白日梦（如引导式想象）”，且 “提升其积极效果” 与首句 “harness the benefits（利用益处）” 表意一致，后句的 “短暂休息、散步” 是对 “创造机会 + 结构化白日梦” 的具体举例。选项承接上文说明具体的创造机会是什么。故选G项。 Passage 5 （24-25高二下·北京通州·期中） Watching a film critically is a skill worth developing because it helps you learn what makes a film good according to your own tastes. What makes the early films of a director great fun while the later ones a total mess? 21 Here, we take a look at how you can watch films more critically. Give the film your undivided attention at least once. Filmmakers accept that they won’t always have their audience’s undivided attention. Significant plot points will be highlighted with incidental music so that you focus. 22 Try, just once, to watch the film as they intended. Consider the themes the film explored. Picking out the themes and assessing how the film treats them is a central point of film criticism. It might be an uncomfortable allegory (讽喻). 23 For instance, The Lion King drew on the plot of Hamlet. Does it breathe new life into the story and take it in an interesting direction? Analyze sound, lighting and production. You may only notice sound if the levels are all wrong and the incidental music drowns out the dialog. Lighting, similarly, you may only notice if everything is so bright that it looks like the action is taking place in a dentist’s office. 24 You might consider how the choice of costume brightens a character. 25 It’s easy to fall into the trap of thinking that there is something that is objectively good or bad. But if you find yourself loving a film that other people seem to dislike, that isn’t necessarily a sign that there’s something wrong with your taste. It could be that a film’s sense of humor agrees with your own, or that a film reflects your life experiences. A．Don’t forget that it’s all subjective. B．Think about why you did or didn’t enjoy it. C．Try to train yourself to see these aspects of a film every time. D．Why do some films excite people while others send people to sleep? E．How was the film constructed to provide a new insight into the theme? F．Characters’ names might be repeated to make sure that you’ve heard them. G．You can also consider if the film has drawn any inspiration from other source material. 【答案】21．D 22．F 23．G 24．C 25．A 【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲述了如何更好地欣赏电影。 21．根据前文“What makes the early films of a director great fun while the later ones a total mess?(是什么让一个导演的早期电影非常有趣，而后来的电影却一团糟？)”可知，空前是问句，后文要么是对本句的回答，要么继续提问，形成排比句，所以D项“Why do some films excite people while others send people to sleep?(为什么有些电影让人兴奋，而有些电影让人昏昏欲睡？)”符合前文主题，都是在提问电影为什么有好有坏。故选D项。 22．根据前文“Give the film your undivided attention at least once. Filmmakers accept that they won’t always have their audience’s undivided attention. Significant plot points will be highlighted with incidental music so that you focus.(至少一次专心致志地看这部电影。电影制作人承认，他们并不总是能吸引观众的注意力。重要的情节点将突出附带音乐，以便您集中注意力)”可知，此处主要讲述了电影制作人用各种方法去吸引观众的注意力，所以F项“Characters’ names might be repeated to make sure that you’ve heard them.(角色的名字可能会被重复，以确保你听到了他们的名字)”符合此处主题，都是吸引观众的注意力的方法。故选F项。 23．根据前文“Consider the themes the film explored. Picking out the themes and assessing how the film treats them is a central point of film criticism. It might be an uncomfortable allegory (讽喻).(想想这部电影探讨的主题。挑选出电影的主题并评估影片如何处理这些主题是影评的核心。这可能是一个令人不舒服的讽喻)”可知，本段讲述电影如何表达主题，根据后文“For instance, The Lion King drew on the plot of Hamlet. Does it breathe new life into the story and take it in an interesting direction?(例如，《狮子王》借鉴了《哈姆雷特》情节。它是否为故事注入了新的活力，并把它带向一个有趣的方向？)”可知，后文举例，讲述了主题借鉴其他作品，所以G项“You can also consider if the film has drawn any inspiration from other source material.(你也可以考虑这部电影是否从其他材料中获得了灵感)”符合本段主题，后文是对此句的举例。故选G项。 24．根据前文“Analyze sound, lighting and production. You may only notice sound if the levels are all wrong and the incidental music drowns out the dialog. Lighting, similarly, you may only notice if everything is so bright that it looks like the action is taking place in a dentist’s office.(分析音响、灯光及制作效果。只有当音量严重失调或配乐盖过对白时，你才会注意到音响问题；同理，只有当灯光亮如牙科诊所时，你才会意识到布光的存在)”可知，C项“Try to train yourself to see these aspects of a film every time.(试着训练自己每次都能看到电影的这些方面)”可知，本句中“这些方面”指的就是音响、灯光及制作效果，是对前文的总结，符合文意。故选C项。 25．设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“It’s easy to fall into the trap of thinking that there is something that is objectively good or bad. But if you find yourself loving a film that other people seem to dislike, that isn’t necessarily a sign that there’s something wrong with your taste. It could be that a film’s sense of humor agrees with your own, or that a film reflects your life experiences.(我们很容易陷入这样的思维陷阱，认为客观存在着好坏之分。但是，如果你发现自己喜欢一部别人似乎不喜欢的电影，这并不一定表明你的品味有问题。它可能是一部电影的幽默感与你自己的幽默感一致，或者一部电影反映了你的生活经历)”可知，本段主要讲述，电影的好坏是主观的印象而不是客观的，所以A项“Don’t forget that it’s all subjective.(别忘了这都是主观的)”符合本段主题。故选A项。 Passage 6 （24-25高二下·北京·期中） How many times have you wondered about how much better things might have been if the younger you had made different decisions? Or, have you breathed a sigh of relief when you recognize that one of your lucky choices ended up much better off than you might have been, if things had gone a different way? 26 It is the birthplace of emotions such as regret, gratitude, and guilt. Picturing an alternative outcome to what has actually happened in one's life holds an irresistible appeal, even when it leads to unhappiness. It is therefore not surprising that it has become a hot topic of research in social psychology. Counterfactual thinking often plays out in real-time on national television after a natural disaster. 27 The victims are usually shaken and highly emotional, and they have often lost everything that they owned. And yet, we commonly hear them use words such as  “lucky”  or  “grateful” to describe their feelings. 28 If the person had really been lucky, wouldn’t they still have a house and have been spared from all of the grief they must now endure? Some psychologists have argued that one of the benefits of counterfactual thinking is that it can be an effective tool for making us more resilient (迅速复苏的). The mind of the counterfactual thinker can easily imagine circumstances that would have been even worse. 29 Counterfactual thinking is simply part of who we are. 30 Many psychologists believe that it exists to helps us crystallize (变明确) the goals that are most important to us and to improve our ability to wisely choose future courses of action. A．At first glance, this response does not make much sense. B．This type of mental “what-ifism” is called counterfactual thinking. C．Even though it, sometimes makes us sad, it can also do us some good D．The imagination of a life has been the inspiration for dozens of movies. E．News reporters frequently interview survivors who have barely escaped with their lives. F．The more important the event is, the more intense our counterfactual thinking about it will be. G．That paves the way for positive emotions that might help them through a very dark time in their lives. 【答案】26．B 27．E 28．A 29．G 30．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。反事实思维是对假设情况的思考，在生活中常见，虽有时让人难过，但也有益处，能助人明确目标 。 26．上文“How many times have you wondered about how much better things might have been if the younger you had made different decisions? Or, have you breathed a sigh of relief when you recognize that one of your lucky choices ended up much better off than you might have been, if things had gone a different way?(有多少次你想过，如果年轻时的你做出了不同的决定，事情可能会好得多？或者，当你意识到你的一个幸运选择最终比事情朝着不同方向发展时要好得多，你是否松了一口气？)”提出了两种关于假设不同选择结果的思考。B选项This type of mental “what-ifism” is called counterfactual thinking.(这种心理上的“假设主义”被称为反事实思维。)对上文提到的这种思考进行了定义，This type of mental “what-ifism”指代上文的两种假设思考，起到了承上的作用，引出下文对反事实思维的进一步阐述。故选B。 27．上文“Counterfactual thinking often plays out in real-time on national television after a natural disaster.(反事实思维常常在自然灾害发生后在国家电视台上实时展现出来。)”提到反事实思维在自然灾害后的电视上展现，下文“The victims are usually shaken and highly emotional, and they have often lost everything that they owned.(受害者通常会受到震动且情绪激动，他们往往失去了所拥有的一切。)”描述了受害者的情况。E选项News reporters frequently interview survivors who have barely escaped with their lives.(新闻记者经常采访那些侥幸逃生的幸存者。)说明了在自然灾害后，新闻记者对幸存者的采访，正是反事实思维在电视上展现的一种方式，interview survivors与下文victims相呼应，起到了承上启下的作用。故选E。 28．上文“And yet, we commonly hear them use words such as ‘lucky’ or ‘grateful’ to describe their feelings.(然而，我们经常听到他们用‘幸运’或‘感激’这样的词来描述他们的感受。)”说受害者用“幸运”或者“感激”描述感受，下文“If the person had really been lucky, wouldn’t they still have a house and have been spared from all of the grief they must now endure?(如果这个人真的幸运，他们难道不应该仍然拥有一所房子，并且免受他们现在必须忍受的所有痛苦吗？)”对这种“幸运”的说法提出质疑。A选项At first glance, this response does not make much sense.(乍一看，这种反应没有多大意义。)中的this response指代上文受害者用“幸运”或者“感激”描述感受这种反应，does not make much sense引出下文对这种反应的质疑，起到了承上启下的作用。故选A。 29．上文“Some psychologists have argued that one of the benefits of counterfactual thinking is that it can be an effective tool for making us more resilient (迅速复苏的). The mind of the counterfactual thinker can easily imagine circumstances that would have been even worse.(一些心理学家认为，反事实思维的好处之一是它可以成为使我们更具复原力的有效工具。反事实思考者的头脑可以很容易地想象出更糟糕的情况。)”提到反事实思维的好处以及能想象更糟的情况。G选项That paves the way for positive emotions that might help them through a very dark time in their lives.(这为积极的情绪铺平了道路，这些积极情绪可能会帮助他们度过生活中非常黑暗的时期。)中的That指代上文imagine circumstances that would have been even worse，进一步说明了反事实思维能带来积极情绪帮助度过黑暗时期，承接上文阐述反事实思维的好处。故选G。 30．上文“Counterfactual thinking is simply part of who we are.(反事实思维只是我们自身的一部分。)”强调反事实思维是我们的一部分，下文“Many psychologists believe that it exists to helps us crystallize (变明确) the goals that are most important to us and to improve our ability to wisely choose future courses of action.(许多心理学家认为，它的存在是为了帮助我们明确对我们最重要的目标，并提高我们明智地选择未来行动方案的能力。)”说明反事实思维的积极作用。C选项Even though it, sometimes makes us sad, it can also do us some good.(即使它有时会让我们难过，但它也能对我们有一些好处。)中的Even though it, sometimes makes us sad对应上文反事实思维是我们的一部分（可能带来消极影响），it can also do us some good引出下文反事实思维的积极作用，起到了承上启下的作用。故选C。 Passage 7 （24高二下·北京·期中） The game of baseball has long been woven into the fabric of American life. It is no surprise then that the baseball glove is associated with fond memories. 31 It is also an example of a product that has been perfected over time. Originally, baseball was played without gloves because the balls were home-made and soft. Made from string covered with leather or cotton sacks stuffed with rags, the balls were easier on the hand. The late 19th century saw baseballs made by machine and standardized across the United States to be tighter and harder, and they were capable of hurting a catcher’s hands. 32 Baseball gloves were initially just leather work gloves adapted to suit the player’s needs. 33 However, the simple padded work gloves could not prevent knuckles (指关节) from bursting, fingers from splitting and bones from breaking. The solution? More padding was added to the glove. 34 This design changed little until the late1930s, when an extra flap web that looked like a fishing net was added between the thumb and the fingers. This made it possible for first basemen to catch thrown balls more easily, revolutionizing the function of the glove. During the first half of the 20th century, fielders’ gloves evolved steadily to improve their catch. Field glove designs were adapted with longer fingers, deeper pockets and larger webs between the thumb and the fingers. New designs also added lace between the fingers, making it easier for players to catch the ball. Even more significantly, a new glove design was introduced in 1957, with a special feature in the heel of the glove’s palm, which allowed the glove to completely fold around the ball. 35 This characteristic has become the standard for glove design to this day. Catchers’ and first basemen’s gloves also adopted this style. From fingerless work gloves to flashy gloves designed for each position, the evolution of the baseball glove since the early days of professional baseball is as fascinating as the game itself. Due to technological advances, we may look forward to even newer designs for baseball gloves. A．Behind every glove is a great glove story. B．If a glove is well cared for, it can last decades. C．This led to gloves being designed to soften the catch. D．However, the baseball glove is more than an item of emotional value. E．Thanks to this new design, fielders could easily snatch (一下夺过) the ball with only one hand. F．Early first baseball glove designs were specialized from the padded fielders’ glove to an open glove design. G．For example, catchers’ gloves were work gloves without fingers to allow the player to better handle the ball. 【答案】31．D 32．C 33．G 34．F 35．E 【导语】本文是说明文。讲述了棒球手套的演变是一个通过创新不断改进的过程。 31．根据前文“The game of baseball has long been woven into the fabric of American life. It is no surprise then that the baseball glove is associated with fond memories.(棒球运动早已融入美国人的生活。因此，棒球手套与美好的回忆联系在一起也就不足为奇了)”以及后文“It is also an example of a product that has been perfected over time.(它也是一个随着时间不断完善的产品的例子)”可知，空处应是过渡句，所以D项“However, the baseball glove is more than an item of emotional value.(然而，棒球手套不仅仅是一件具有情感价值的物品)”和前文构成转折关系，引出下文，符合文意。故选D项。 32．根据前文“The late 19th century saw baseballs made by machine and standardized across the United States to be tighter and harder, and they were capable of hurting a catcher’s hands.(19世纪后期，棒球由机器制造，并在美国标准化，变得更紧、更硬，而且能伤到接球手的手)”可推知，针对棒球会伤到接球手的手这一问题，结合全文讲棒球手套的演变，可知该空内容与人们设计出一种手套以减轻接球时的疼痛有关，C项“This led to gloves being designed to soften the catch.(这导致了手套的设计，以软化捕获)”是前句产生的结果，符合文意。故选C项。 33．根据第二段尾句“Baseball gloves were initially just leather work gloves adapted to suit the player’s needs.(棒球手套最初只是皮革工作手套，以适应球员的需要)”以及后文“However, the simple padded work gloves could not prevent knuckles (指关节) from bursting, fingers from splitting and bones from breaking. The solution? More padding was added to the glove.(然而，简单的填充工作手套并不能防止指关节破裂，手指裂开，骨头断裂。解决方案?更多的填充物被添加到手套中)”可知，此处在讲述刚开始的棒球手套的缺点，所以G项“For example, catchers’ gloves were work gloves without fingers to allow the player to better handle the ball.(例如，接球手的手套是没有手指的工作手套，以便球员更好地处理球)”是在举例说明早期手套的样子，承接上文，和后文构成转折关系，符合文意。故选G项。 34．根据后文“This design changed little until the late 1930s, when an extra flap web that looked like a fishing net was added between the thumb and the fingers. This made it possible for first basemen to catch thrown balls more easily, revolutionizing the function of the glove.(这种设计直到20世纪30年代末才发生了变化，当时在拇指和手指之间增加了一个看起来像渔网的额外襟翼。这使得一垒手能够更容易地接住投掷的球，彻底改变了手套的功能)”可知，空处应是提到了一种使用了较久的手套设计，手套设计与有“额外襟翼”便于接球相关，所以F项“Early first baseball glove designs were specialized from the padded fielders’ glove to an open glove design.(早期的棒球手套设计从加垫的守备球员手套发展到了开放式手套设计)”符合文意。故选F项。 35．根据前文“Field glove designs were adapted with longer fingers, deeper pockets and larger webs between the thumb and the fingers. New designs also added lace between the fingers, making it easier for players to catch the ball. Even more significantly, a new glove design was introduced in 1957, with a special feature in the heel of the glove’s palm, which allowed the glove to completely fold around the ball.(Field glove的设计适应了更长的手指，更深的口袋和更大的拇指和手指之间的网。新的设计还增加了手指之间的花边，使球员更容易接球。更重要的是，1957年推出了一种新的手套设计，在手套手掌的后跟处有一个特殊的设计，可以让手套完全折叠在球周围)”以及后文“This characteristic has become the standard for glove design to this day.(这一特点至今已成为手套设计的标准)”可知，此处讲述新型手套的设计和优点，让它成为手套设计的标准，所以E项“Thanks to this new design, fielders could easily snatch (一下夺过) the ball with only one hand.(由于这种新的设计，外野手可以很容易地用一只手抓住球)”是对这种设计优点的解释，符合文意。故选E项。 Passage 8 （2024高二下·北京·期中） Many young learners today are putting down fantasy novels. 36 Sadly, kids are missing out on the skills they develop when they read about dragons, unicorns, dolphins, and planets from far away. Here are some reasons why children should read fantasy novels. They can explore imagination. Although non-fiction reading is an important skill, kids who read fantasy novels on a regular basis are more likely to express and explore their imagination. 37 Kids who have a wonderful world of imagination are generally happier and more willing to learn about new things in the future. 　　 38 When young learners use and develop their imagination, they know the fact that there is more than one way to solve a problem. This will become an important skill as they progress through elementary, middle, and high school. They make reading fun. So many kids are entirely bored by the idea of reading. 39 If the only time young students read is in school, they will likely not pick up books for fun. However, when kids discover all of the interesting and exciting adventures found in fantasy novels, they tend to view reading as an enjoyable activity. Reading fantasy novels limits electronics. Many children today become more and more drawn to electronics and start to prefer that activity to reading or playing outside. When young learners are encouraged to explore a fantasy world found in a book, they’re less likely to use electronics. 40 A．They develop problem-solving skills. B．This is an important part of childhood. C．That’s because it can seem like a chore. D．Children can do better at their studies at school. E．We can say reading fantasy novels has many benefits. F．So it’s a good way to limit children’s time spent on electronics. G．They are starting to view reading as only a skill to get information or pass an exam. 【答案】36．G 37．B 38．A 39．C 40．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了孩子们要阅读奇幻小说的原因。 36．上文“Many young learners today are putting down fantasy novels. (如今，许多年轻的学习者正在放下奇幻小说)”指出许多年轻学习者正在放下奇幻小说，G选项中They指代上文提及的young learners，G项“他们开始认为阅读只是获取信息或通过考试的一种技能。”说明年轻学习者开始把阅读仅仅看作获取信息或通过考试的一种技能，解释了他们放下奇幻小说的原因，与上文衔接紧密。故选G。 37．上文“Although non-fiction reading is an important skill, kids who read fantasy novels on a regular basis are more likely to express and explore their imagination. (虽然非小说类阅读是一项重要的技能，但经常阅读幻想小说的孩子更有可能表达和探索他们的想象力)”提到经常读奇幻小说的孩子更有可能表达和探索他们的想象力，以及下文“Kids who have a wonderful world of imagination are generally happier and more willing to learn about new things in the future.(想象力丰富的孩子通常更快乐，更愿意在未来学习新事物)”说明想象力丰富的孩子的优势，B选项“这是童年的重要组成部分。”指出这是童年重要的一部分，强调了发挥想象力在童年时期的重要性，承上启下，符合题意。故选B。 38．下文“When young learners use and develop their imagination, they know the fact that there is more than one way to solve a problem. (当年轻的学习者使用和发展他们的想象力时，他们知道解决问题的方法不止一种)”说明发展想象力，可以培养解决问题的能力，A选项“它们培养解决问题的能力。”概括了本段的主要内容，适合作为段落主旨句。故选A。 39．上文“So many kids are entirely bored by the idea of reading. (这么多孩子对阅读的想法完全厌倦了)”提到很多孩子对阅读的想法感到厌烦，C选项“那是因为这看起来像是一件苦差事。”解释孩子对阅读的想法感到厌烦的原因，与上文衔接自然，符合题意。故选C。 40．上文“When young learners are encouraged to explore a fantasy world found in a book, they’re less likely to use electronics. (当鼓励年轻的学习者探索书中的奇幻世界时，他们不太可能使用电子产品)”指出当年轻学习者被鼓励探索书中的奇幻世界时，他们就不太可能使用电子产品，F选项“所以这是限制孩子们花在电子产品上的时间的好方法。”与上文构成因果关系，说明阅读奇幻小说是帮助孩子减少电子产品的使用的好方法，与上文逻辑连贯，符合题意。故选F。 Passage 9 （24-25高二下·北京·期中） Online courses are a terrific way for busy people. 41 You might have a full time job with a packed schedule and need to study at irregular times. You might want to benefit from the quality of education in another country. In this article you will learn about what it takes to succeed in online courses. 42 Time management is an important skill to develop. First, calculate how much time you will need to study every day. Then, allot (分配) a specific time in your schedule for studying. If you are busy during the day, then separate a few hours at night for studies. If you do not schedule study time, chances are you will not get any. Then, the good place to study can be different from student to student. Some prefer to study in complete silence. Others need some kind of soft music around them to concentrate. 43 It can be easy to get distracted (分散) when it is time to study. One of the most common mistakes students of online courses make is leaving their chat and email accounts open while studying. This may seem like a small distraction, but it can end up wasting a lot of your time. 44 In conclusion, it takes hard work and concentration to succeed in online courses. 45 The more effort you put into learning the course material, the better equipped you will be to succeed in your professional career. A．Online courses may not be a good choice for you. B．There are many reasons you might want to take online courses. C．In order to succeed in online learning, you have to have some specific skills. D．Remember online courses are designed to give you the knowledge to succeed. E．The secret to succeeding in online courses is learning how to manage your time. F．If you leave the door open for distraction it will come in and make itself at home. G．For the most part, a quiet room away from your busy and noisy home or office is recommended. 【答案】41．B 42．E 43．G 44．F 45．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何在网上课程中取得成功，包括时间管理、选择学习地点和避免干扰等要点。 41．由上文“Online courses are a terrific way for busy people. (在线课程对忙碌的人来说是一种很棒的方式。)”及下文“You might have a full time job with a packed schedule and need to study at irregular times. You might want to benefit from the quality of education in another country. (你可能有一份日程安排紧凑的全职工作，需要在不规律的时间学习。你可能想从另一个国家的优质教育中受益。)”可知，上文指出在线课程的好处，下文指出人们选择在线课程的不同原因，由此可知，本空应强调人们选择在线课程有不同原因。B选项“There are many reasons you might want to take online courses. (你可能想参加在线课程有很多原因。)”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 42．由下文“Time management is an important skill to develop. First, calculate how much time you will need to study every day. Then, allot (分配) a specific time in your schedule for studying. (时间管理是一项需要培养的重要技能。首先，计算你每天需要学习多少时间。然后，在你的日程安排中分配特定的学习时间。)”可知，下文指出了如何在线上上课的时候管理时间，空处引起下文，应强调时间管理对于在线课程学习的重要性。E选项“The secret to succeeding in online courses is learning how to manage your time. (在线课程成功的秘诀是学会如何管理你的时间。)”符合段落主旨，可作为该段的主题句。故选E。 43．由上文“Then, the good place to study can be different from student to student. Some prefer to study in complete silence. Others need some kind of soft music around them to concentrate. (然后，适合学习的好地方因学生而异。有些人喜欢在完全安静的环境中学习。其他人则需要周围有某种轻柔的音乐来集中注意力。)”可知，本空应强调学习的合适场所。G选项“For the most part, a quiet room away from your busy and noisy home or office is recommended. (在大多数情况下，建议找一个远离忙碌嘈杂的家或办公室的安静房间。)”进一步说明了学习场所的选择，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 44．由上文“It can be easy to get distracted (分散) when it is time to study. One of the most common mistakes students of online courses make is leaving their chat and email accounts open while studying. This may seem like a small distraction, but it can end up wasting a lot of your time. (学习的时候很容易分心。在线课程学生最常见的错误之一就是在学习时让聊天和电子邮件账户保持打开状态。这似乎是一个小的干扰，但最终可能会浪费你很多时间。)”可知，上文指出在线课程学生容易分心，由此可知，本空应承接上文，强调避免干扰的重要性。F选项“If you leave the door open for distraction it will come in and make itself at home. (如果你为分心敞开大门，它就会进来并安营扎寨。)”用形象的语言进一步说明了分心的后果，承接上文，符合语境。故选F。 45．由上文“In conclusion, it takes hard work and concentration to succeed in online courses. (总之，要在在线课程中取得成功需要努力学习和专注。)”及下文“The more effort you put into learning the course material, the better equipped you will be to succeed in your professional career. (你在学习课程材料上投入的努力越多，你在职业生涯中取得成功的能力就越强。)”可知，前后强调在线课程需要投入努力，因此可知，本空应强调其原因，即在线课程学习的重要性。D选项“Remember online courses are designed to give you the knowledge to succeed. (记住，在线课程旨在为你提供成功所需的知识。)”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 10 （24-25高二下·北京·期中） Humanity today is in its adolescence. Most of a teenager’s life is still ahead of them, and their decisions can have lifelong effects. 46 An estimated 118 billion people have already lived, but vastly more people, perhaps thousands or even millions of times that number, are yet to be born. Some of the decisions we make this century will impact the entire path of humanity’s future. 47 It is the view that positively influencing the long-term future is a key moral priority of our time. It means taking action to benefit not just the present generation, but all generations to come. 48 At the moment, only a tiny amount of society’s time and attention is spent trying to promote a positive long-term future: As my colleague points out, the Biological Weapons Convention—the single international body tasked with prohibiting the spread of bioweapons—has an annual budget of less than the average McDonald’s restaurant. 49 What’s more, action for the long term pays off in the short term, too. 50 Innovation in clean energy not only helps slow climate change, but also reduces the death toll of the 3.6 million people who die every year from fossil fuel-related air pollution. Much the same could be said for other efforts that stand out as longtermist priorities such as promoting democracy and improving our ability to forecast new disasters before they strike. Humans, unlike typical mammals, face an uncertain future: we could survive for millions of years or face extinction soon, Our potential lifespan is vast, so how can we ensure humanity’s survival? A．Given our neglect of future generations, even slightly greater concern for them could make a huge difference. B．As we have seen, preventing the next pandemic stands to save lives in both the present and the future. C．But does advocating for future generations mean neglecting the interests of those alive today? D．I don’t know how much we should spend, but it’s certainly less than we currently do. E．To mature as a species, we need to embrace an ideology called longtermism. F．Contemporary society does not appreciate this fact. G．Similarly, most of humanity’s life lies ahead. 【答案】46．G 47．E 48．F 49．A 50．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍的是人类目前处于发展的 “青春期”，当下决策影响深远，应秉持长期主义，还阐述了关注长期未来的意义及现状。 46．根据上文“Humanity today is in its adolescence. Most of a teenager’s life is still ahead of them, and their decisions can have lifelong effects.(如今的人类正处于青春期。青少年的大部分人生还在前方，他们的决定可能会产生终身影响。)”将人类比作青少年，说明大部分人生还在前方，结合下文“An estimated 118 billion people have already lived, but vastly more people, perhaps thousands or even millions of times that number, are yet to be born.(据估计，已经有 1180 亿人在世上生活过，但还有更多的人，也许是这个数字的数千甚至数百万倍，尚未出生。)”可知，人类未来还有很长的发展道路，G选项“Similarly, most of humanity’s life lies ahead.(同样，人类的大部分生命还在前方。)”承接上文，进一步说明人类未来发展前景广阔，符合语境。故选G项。 47．根据上文“Some of the decisions we make this century will impact the entire path of humanity’s future. (我们在本世纪做出的一些决定将影响人类未来的整个进程。)”说明当下决策对人类未来的重要性，结合下文“It is the view that positively influencing the long-term future is a key moral priority of our time. It means taking action to benefit not just the present generation, but all generations to come. (积极影响长远未来是我们这个时代的一个关键道德优先事项。这意味着采取行动不仅要造福当代，还要造福子孙后代。)”可知，这里强调要重视长远未来，E 选项“To mature as a species, we need to embrace an ideology called longtermism. (作为一个物种要成熟起来，我们需要接受一种叫做长期主义的意识形态。)”提出了“长期主义”的概念，下文中的it指代的为“longtermism”，承上启下，符合语境。故选E项。 48．根据下文“At the moment, only a tiny amount of society’s time and attention is spent trying to promote a positive long-term future: As my colleague points out, the Biological Weapons Convention — the single international body tasked with prohibiting the spread of bioweapons — has an annual budget of less than the average McDonald’s restaurant. (目前，社会只花了很少的时间和精力来促进积极的长远未来：正如我的同事指出的那样，《生物武器公约》—— 唯一负责禁止生物武器扩散的国际机构 —— 的年度预算还不到一家普通麦当劳餐厅的预算。)”可知，此段讲述了目前社会对促进积极长远未来投入很少的现状，F选项“Contemporary society does not appreciate this fact. (当代社会没有意识到这一事实。)”说明当代社会没有充分认识到当下决策对未来的重要性，与上文形成对比，引出下文关于社会对长远未来投入少的描述，符合语境。故选F项。 49．根据上文“At the moment, only a tiny amount of society’s time and attention is spent trying to promote a positive long-term future: As my colleague points out, the Biological Weapons Convention—the single international body tasked with prohibiting the spread of bioweapons—has an annual budget of less than the average McDonald’s restaurant.(目前，社会只花了很少的时间和精力来促进积极的长远未来：正如我的同事指出的那样，《生物武器公约》—— 唯一负责禁止生物武器扩散的国际机构 —— 的年度预算还不到一家普通麦当劳餐厅的预算。)”可知，社会对促进长远未来投入很少，结合空格所处的位置在段尾可知，此空讲述的内容是对本段内容的总结或者进一步阐述上文的内容，A选项“Given our neglect of future generations, even slightly greater concern for them could make a huge difference.(鉴于我们对子孙后代的忽视，即使对他们稍加关心也可能会产生巨大的影响。)”承接上文，说明因为对未来世代的忽视，所以稍微增加对他们的关注就能带来很大改变，符合语境。故选A项。 50．根据上文“What’s more, action for the long term pays off in the short term, too.(此外，为长远目标采取的行动在短期内也会有回报。)”可知，此段讲述为长远目标行动在短期内也有好处，结合下文“Innovation in clean energy not only helps slow climate change, but also reduces the death toll of the 3.6 million people who die every year from fossil fuel-related air pollution.(清洁能源的创新不仅有助于减缓气候变化，还能减少每年因化石燃料相关空气污染而死亡的 360 万人的死亡人数。)”举例说明了清洁能源创新的好处，B选项“As we have seen, preventing the next pandemic stands to save lives in both the present and the future.(正如我们所看到的，预防下一次大流行病有望在当下和未来拯救生命。)”也是为长远目标采取行动在短期内有回报的例子，承接上文，且与下文的内容一致，符合语境。故选B项。 Passage 11 （22-23高二下·北京海淀·期中） Digital Medicine Could the next suggestion from your doctor be downloading an app? Collectively known as digital medicine, a large number of apps in use or under development can now detect or monitor mental and physical disorders or directly administer therapies. 51 Many detection aids rely on mobile devices to record such features as users’ voices, locations, facial expressions, exercise and sleep; then they apply artificial intelligence to mark the possible change of a condition. Some smart watches, for instance, contain a sensor that automatically detects and warns people of a dangerous heart rate. 52 These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. 53 Some are being developed to detect things such as cancerous DNA, stomach bleeds, body temperature and oxygen levels. The sensors inside your body can then send the data to apps for recording. 54 For the most part, those intended to diagnose or treat disorders must be proved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatory approval; some may need a doctor’s permission. Clearly, society must move into the future of digital medicine with care — ensuring that the apps go through strict testing, protect privacy and go smoothly into doctors’ work. With such protections in place, healthcare costs could be saved by marking unhealthy behaviours and helping people to make changes before diseases set in. 55 For researchers, the patterns that emerge will provide them with novel ideas for how best to build healthier habits and prevent diseases. A．For doctors, applying AI to the data from these apps could help them personalize patient care. B．These data also help doctors detect diseases and help patients change their behaviors. C．Other similar tools can detect breathing disorders, depression and other conditions. D．They can both help diagnose symptoms and enhance traditional medical care. E．Detection aids can also take the form of eatable and sensor-bearing pills. F．Digital medicine has been widely used in all aspects of life nowadays. G．Not all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine. 【答案】51．D 52．C 53．E 54．G 55．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了数字医疗的概念、具体的检测辅助设备的功能、发展中面临的限制以及未来可能带来的好处。 51．前文“Collectively known as digital medicine, a large number of apps in use or under development can now detect or monitor mental and physical disorders or directly administer therapies. (现在，大量正在使用或正在开发的应用程序被统称为数字医疗，它们可以检测或监测心理和身体疾病，或直接实施治疗)”介绍数字医疗具备的功能，D项“They can both help diagnose symptoms and enhance traditional medical care. (它们既可以帮助诊断症状，又可以加强传统的医疗保健)”符合语境，继续介绍数字医疗的功能，承接前文，其中的They指代前文的a large number of apps。故选D。 52．前文“Some smart watches, for instance, contain a sensor that automatically detects and warns people of a dangerous heart rate. (例如，一些智能手表包含一个传感器，可以自动检测并警告人们危险的心率)”列举智能手表中的检测辅助功能，后文“These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. (这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，C项“Other similar tools can detect breathing disorders, depression and other conditions. (其他类似的工具可以检测呼吸障碍、抑郁症和其他疾病)”符合语境，说明其他的检测辅助功能，承接前文，引出后文的评估，后文的These wearable detection aids涵盖前文的Some smart watches和选项中的Other similar tools。故选C。 53．前文“These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. (这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，后文“Some are being developed to detect things such as cancerous DNA, stomach bleeds, body temperature and oxygen levels. The sensors inside your body can then send the data to apps for recording. (其中一些正在被开发用于检测癌症DNA、胃出血、体温和氧气水平等。然后，你体内的传感器可以将数据发送到应用程序进行记录。)”介绍新的介入体内的检测辅助设备，E项“Detection aids can also take the form of eatable and sensor-bearing pills. (检测辅助设备还可以采用可食用和带有传感器的药丸的形式)”符合语境，说明检测辅助设备的新形式，从前文的可穿戴的形式过渡到后文的介入体内的新形式，其中的eatable and sensor-bearing和后文的The sensors inside your body呼应。故选E。 54．空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“For the most part, those intended to diagnose or treat disorders must be proved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatory approval; some may need a doctor’s permission. (在大多数情况下，那些用于诊断或治疗疾病的药物必须在临床试验中被证明是安全有效的，并获得监管部门的批准；有些可能需要医生的许可)”指出数字医疗发展中的严格限制和流程，G项“Not all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine. (并非所有的医疗保健应用程序都可以用作数字医疗)”符合语境，说明数字医疗有其限制，可引出后文。故选G。 55．前文“With such protections in place, healthcare costs could be saved by marking unhealthy behaviours and helping people to make changes before diseases set in. (有了这些保护措施，就可以通过标记不健康行为并帮助人们在疾病发生之前做出改变来节省医疗费用)”说明使用数字医疗对于普通人的好处，后文“For researchers, the patterns that emerge will provide them with novel ideas for how best to build healthier habits and prevent diseases. (对于研究人员来说，出现的模式将为他们提供如何最好地建立更健康的习惯和预防疾病的新想法)”说明使用数字医疗对于研究者的好处，A项“For doctors, applying AI to the data from these apps could help them personalize patient care. (对于医生来说，将人工智能应用于这些应用程序的数据可以帮助他们个性化患者护理)”符合语境，说明使用数字医疗对于医生的好处，和前后文内容呼应。故选A。 Passage 12 （23-24高二下·北京房山·期中） Emojis are everywhere. They offer effective and fun ways to interact with others. Used well, they can become an engaging and creative addition to communication. 56 One well-chosen emoji can replace many words of text. 57 Or a thumbs-up emoji might save you from writing out your agreement to something in full. 58 And when you can’t hear someone’s tone of voice or read their body language, an image can be particularly helpful for understanding their meaning. Emojis are clear, colorful, and designed to convey a single message memorably — which has been shown to increase interest and engagement. They stand out among text, especially when the recipient is working quickly or on the move. Many emojis mean the same thing to everyone, everywhere. 59 For example, a smiling face emoji will let anyone know that you’re happy, whatever language you speak! Emojis can help you to show your human side, making you seem friendlier and more approachable. What’s more, the brain reacts to images of faces, and to real faces, in a very similar way. Alongside all the potential benefits of emojis that we’ve listed above, there are also dangers you’ll need to guard against. 60 For example, a red-faced character could be angry, or embarrassed. Like any language, you need to “speak Emoji” with care. If not, you run the risk of creating confusion, conveying the wrong impression, or even causing serious offense. A．Here are some of the reasons why emojis are so popular. B．Many employees in some western countries are using emojis at work. C．An emoji is often easier and quicker to understand than a written explanation. D．So they can break through language barriers, and promote easy communication. E．For example, you could select an emoji of a house to set your status as “working from home.” F．A poorly chosen emoji can cause problems, because some of the images are not universally understood. G．For example, the crossed fingers emoji means good luck in some places, but it’s seen as an impolite sign in others. 【答案】56．A 57．E 58．C 59．D 60．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了emoji（表情符号）在各种情况下的应用、优势以及潜在风险，目的是让读者了解并正确理解和使用emoji。 56．根据空前内容“Emojis are everywhere. They offer effective and fun ways to interact with others. Used well, they can become an engaging and creative addition to communication.(表情符号无处不在。他们提供有效和有趣的方式与他人互动。如果使用得当，它们可以成为交流中引人入胜和富有创造性的补充。)”可知，上文提到了表情符号的正确使用可以成为交流中引人入胜和富有创造性的补充。选项A“Here are some of the reasons why emojis are so popular.(以下是表情符号如此流行的一些原因。)”承上启下，承接上文说明表情符号的流行，同时引出下文指出其流行的原因。故选A。 57．空前“One well-chosen emoji can replace many words of text.(一个精心挑选的表情符号可以代替很多文字。)”指出表情符号可以代替很多文字。选项E“For example, you could select an emoji of a house to set your status as “working from home.”(例如，你可以选择一个房子的表情符号，将你的状态设置为“在家工作”。)”与空后“Or a thumbs-up emoji might save you from writing out your agreement to something in full.(或者一个竖起大拇指的表情符号可能会让你不用完整地写下你的同意。)”都是第一句话的佐证，指出表情符号可以代替很多文字。故选E。 58．根据下文内容“And when you can’t hear someone’s tone of voice or read their body language, an image can be particularly helpful for understanding their meaning.(当你听不到某人的语气或读不懂他们的肢体语言时，图像对理解他们的意思特别有帮助。)”可知，表情符号可以帮助我们理解对方的意思。选项C“An emoji is often easier and quicker to understand than a written explanation.(表情符号通常比书面解释更容易、更容易理解。)”与下文内容一致，指的都是表情符号更容易理解。故选C。 59．根据上文“Many emojis mean the same thing to everyone, everywhere.(许多表情符号在任何地方对每个人都有相同的含义。)”可知，许多表情符号都有相同的含义。选项D“So they can break through language barriers, and promote easy communication.(所以它们可以突破语言障碍，促进轻松的交流。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指出许多表情符号在任何地方对每个人都有相同的含义，因此可以突破语言障碍，帮助我们轻松交流。故选D。 60．根据空前内容“Alongside all the potential benefits of emojis that we’ve listed above, there are also dangers you’ll need to guard against.(除了我们上面列出的表情符号的所有潜在好处之外，你还需要提防一些危险。)”可知，表情符合也有不好的地方。选项F“A poorly chosen emoji can cause problems, because some of the images are not universally understood.(选择不当的表情符号可能会造成问题，因为有些表情符号并不是所有人都能理解的。)”延续上文内容，指的是有的表情符号并不是所有人都能理解的。与下文所举例子“For example, a red-faced character could be angry, or embarrassed. (例如，一个红脸人物可能表示生气或尴尬。)”内容相符。故选F。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 阅读理解（七选五） Passage 1 （24-25高二下·北京大兴·期中） In a rapidly changing world, the concept of a job for life has become as rare as a dial-up internet connection. This shift from stable, long-term employment and single-employer careers to a world where frequent job changes are the norm comes directly from globalization, rapid technological advancements and the changing ideas about work. 1 This has made job markets fiercely competitive and talent and opportunities in the labor market more diverse and digitally accessible. Jobs can be widely publicized and explored online and are no longer tied to your city of birth. The job market is transforming, with new careers emerging as automation and artificial intelligence (AI) advances. Advanced software in banking and finance means data analysis can be automated. 2 These changes highlight the need for professionals to update their skills and adapt to a technologically evolving job market. Career paths have become fluid and multi-directional. 3 It’s about exploring different paths, switching jobs and industries and sometimes even venturing into freelancing and the gig economy. How are employers coping with this shift? Employers are rethinking strategies for career development with emphasis on providing diverse and flexible career opportunities, supporting continuous learning, and acknowledging unconventional career paths. 4 And for the individuals stepping into the workforce, the message is clear. Take charge of your career development. 5 Make preparation to navigate through transitions and uncertainties. In these dynamic career landscapes, adaptability and resilience are your best allies that help you craft a fulfilling, meaningful career. A．It’s no longer just about getting a regular paycheck. B．Rapid technological advancements can’t be ignored. C．Risks and price policies can be efficiently assessed using AI. D．They want to balance their work and life in a changing world. E．Be optimistic, embrace change, and continually update your skills. F．Globalization has turned the world economy into a giant, interconnected web. G．This approach is a strategy to attract talent in a highly competitive job market. Passage 2 （2025·北京顺义·期中） Whether it’s the echo (回声) of beeping tills in a supermarket or the hissing of a coffee machine in your local café, the brain is constantly working to decode (解码) hundreds of noises each day. But for individuals like 25-year-old Sophie, these background noises can be stressful. 6 She says she can’t figure out where they’re coming from and can’t compute them fast enough. After a hearing test came back normal, Sophie met a private audiologist (听觉矫正专家) for further testing. She was eventually diagnosed (诊断) with auditory processing disorder (APD). 7 However, her audiologist believes the overuse of noise-canceling headphones, which Sophie wears for up to five hours a day, could have a part to play. Noise-canceling headphones do have advantages for long-term ear health. But some experts warn that by blocking everyday sounds, the brain may “forget” how to filter (过滤) noise. 8 Over-reliance on noise-canceling headphones during this period might delay the ability to process speech and noise. Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children have seen an increase in demand for assessments of children struggling to hear certain words in noisy environments. 9 Audiologists are calling for more research into the impact of noise-canceling headphones on teen’s auditory processing. 10 Mobile apps with “word in noise” training exercises are popular for helping patients distinguish speech from background noise. Additionally, microphones and low-gain hearing aids can assist in specific situations. Choosing headphones that don’t completely block the ears is also suggested. A．The cause of Sophie’s APD diagnosis is unknown. B．Treatment for APD can make a significant positive difference. C．Despite having normal hearing, she often struggles to recognize voices. D．She would leave bars and restaurants early because of the stressful noise. E．They note that the high-level listening skills don’t fully develop until late teens. F．One survey showed 61% of 18-24 year olds prefer to watch TV with subtitles on. G．Hearing a diversity of sounds helps the brain decide what is important to focus on. Passage 3 （2025·北京丰台·期中） Experts have warned that an obsession (痴迷) with healthy eating can cause mental health problems. A survey among mental health professionals found 90% of those surveyed, like in previous research, had seen patients with orthorexia nervosa (ON). 11 The survey found some patients cut out foods like fish, meat or dairy, considering them “unclean”. Their fixation on “pure” foods leads to deficiencies (缺陷) like iron-deficiency anaemia or vitamin B12 deficiency. For example, Dr Niket Sonpal found that his patients didn’t consume enough calories, minerals, protein or carbohydrates. Some patients even cut out entire food groups after the big dinners of holidays. 12 The term ON was coined in 1997 by Dr. Steven Bratman. He noticed patients’ extreme diets caused malnutrition, anxiety, and even death. 13 It poses a significant challenge. Healthcare providers may not be trained to spot the signs easily, and patients might not be aware their eating habits. As a result, diagnosis and treatment are delayed. 14 Healthcare providers need to be attentive to identify and deal with ON in patients, providing support such as nutritional advice, psychological aid, and diet-diversity education. The public needs to know the risks of overly strict eating. 15 True well-being comes from a healthy relationship with food, not an obsession with “clean” eating. By taking these steps, we can prevent mental health issues caused by fixating on healthy eating and promote a culture where food brings both nourishment and joy. A．Despite its risks, ON isn’t officially recognised as an eating disorder. B．Some online health communities provide some self-treatment methods. C．ON patients showed doubled depression rates compared to non-sufferers. D．Media and social platforms can promote a more realistic view of nutrition. E．Hence, experts warned that a healthy diet should not simply be seen as a source of restriction. F．In light of the findings, the medical community and the public should take a balanced view on healthy eating. G．Basically, orthorexia is a fixation on eating only healthy or pure foods, or what an individual perceives as healthy or pure. Passage 4 （2025·北京门头沟·期中） Daydreaming, often dismissed as a waste of time, is increasingly recognized as a vital cognitive process. Far from being a sign of laziness, daydreaming allows the brain to explore ideas, solve problems and foster creativity. Recent studies in neuroscience have revealed the complex mechanisms behind this mental activity. When we daydream, the brain enters a state known as the “default mode network” (DMN). 16 This network becomes active when we are not focused on the outside world, enabling the brain to process information, consolidate memories and generate new ideas. For example, many breakthroughs in science and art have emerged from moments of spontaneous daydreaming. Contrary to popular belief, daydreaming is not a passive activity. It requires significant mental energy and involves complex neural activity. Research shows that during daydreaming, the brain engages in high-level cognitive processes, such as planning, self-reflection and emotional regulation. 17 Moreover, daydreaming can enhance problem-solving abilities. By exploring in the daydream, many people can find ways to tackle the problems. 18 By allowing the mind to wander, we can approach challenges from new perspectives and uncover innovative solutions. Studies have found that individuals who daydream regularly tend to perform better on tasks requiring creative thinking. 19 Negative daydreaming patterns can interfere with mental health and daily functioning. Excessive or negative daydreaming, often linked to meditation, can lead to anxiety and reduced productivity. The key is to strike a balance between focused work and intentional daydreaming. To harness the benefits of daydreaming, it’s important to create opportunities for it. 20 For instance, taking short breaks during work or engaging in activities like walking can stimulate the DMN and promote productive daydreaming. A．However, not all daydreaming is beneficial. B．The DMN is a network of brain regions that activate during restful states. C．These activities are essential for long-term goal setting and personal growth. D．Daydreaming is most effective when combined with periods of intense focus. E．The brain’s ability to switch between focused attention and daydreaming is crucial. F．It also can improve emotional toughness by helping us process difficult experiences. G．Structured daydreaming, such as guided visualization, can enhance its positive effects. Passage 5 （24-25高二下·北京通州·期中） Watching a film critically is a skill worth developing because it helps you learn what makes a film good according to your own tastes. What makes the early films of a director great fun while the later ones a total mess? 21 Here, we take a look at how you can watch films more critically. Give the film your undivided attention at least once. Filmmakers accept that they won’t always have their audience’s undivided attention. Significant plot points will be highlighted with incidental music so that you focus. 22 Try, just once, to watch the film as they intended. Consider the themes the film explored. Picking out the themes and assessing how the film treats them is a central point of film criticism. It might be an uncomfortable allegory (讽喻). 23 For instance, The Lion King drew on the plot of Hamlet. Does it breathe new life into the story and take it in an interesting direction? Analyze sound, lighting and production. You may only notice sound if the levels are all wrong and the incidental music drowns out the dialog. Lighting, similarly, you may only notice if everything is so bright that it looks like the action is taking place in a dentist’s office. 24 You might consider how the choice of costume brightens a character. 25 It’s easy to fall into the trap of thinking that there is something that is objectively good or bad. But if you find yourself loving a film that other people seem to dislike, that isn’t necessarily a sign that there’s something wrong with your taste. It could be that a film’s sense of humor agrees with your own, or that a film reflects your life experiences. A．Don’t forget that it’s all subjective. B．Think about why you did or didn’t enjoy it. C．Try to train yourself to see these aspects of a film every time. D．Why do some films excite people while others send people to sleep? E．How was the film constructed to provide a new insight into the theme? F．Characters’ names might be repeated to make sure that you’ve heard them. G．You can also consider if the film has drawn any inspiration from other source material. Passage 6 （24-25高二下·北京·期中） How many times have you wondered about how much better things might have been if the younger you had made different decisions? Or, have you breathed a sigh of relief when you recognize that one of your lucky choices ended up much better off than you might have been, if things had gone a different way? 26 It is the birthplace of emotions such as regret, gratitude, and guilt. Picturing an alternative outcome to what has actually happened in one's life holds an irresistible appeal, even when it leads to unhappiness. It is therefore not surprising that it has become a hot topic of research in social psychology. Counterfactual thinking often plays out in real-time on national television after a natural disaster. 27 The victims are usually shaken and highly emotional, and they have often lost everything that they owned. And yet, we commonly hear them use words such as  “lucky”  or  “grateful” to describe their feelings. 28 If the person had really been lucky, wouldn’t they still have a house and have been spared from all of the grief they must now endure? Some psychologists have argued that one of the benefits of counterfactual thinking is that it can be an effective tool for making us more resilient (迅速复苏的). The mind of the counterfactual thinker can easily imagine circumstances that would have been even worse. 29 Counterfactual thinking is simply part of who we are. 30 Many psychologists believe that it exists to helps us crystallize (变明确) the goals that are most important to us and to improve our ability to wisely choose future courses of action. A．At first glance, this response does not make much sense. B．This type of mental “what-ifism” is called counterfactual thinking. C．Even though it, sometimes makes us sad, it can also do us some good D．The imagination of a life has been the inspiration for dozens of movies. E．News reporters frequently interview survivors who have barely escaped with their lives. F．The more important the event is, the more intense our counterfactual thinking about it will be. G．That paves the way for positive emotions that might help them through a very dark time in their lives. Passage 7 （24高二下·北京·期中） The game of baseball has long been woven into the fabric of American life. It is no surprise then that the baseball glove is associated with fond memories. 31 It is also an example of a product that has been perfected over time. Originally, baseball was played without gloves because the balls were home-made and soft. Made from string covered with leather or cotton sacks stuffed with rags, the balls were easier on the hand. The late 19th century saw baseballs made by machine and standardized across the United States to be tighter and harder, and they were capable of hurting a catcher’s hands. 32 Baseball gloves were initially just leather work gloves adapted to suit the player’s needs. 33 However, the simple padded work gloves could not prevent knuckles (指关节) from bursting, fingers from splitting and bones from breaking. The solution? More padding was added to the glove. 34 This design changed little until the late1930s, when an extra flap web that looked like a fishing net was added between the thumb and the fingers. This made it possible for first basemen to catch thrown balls more easily, revolutionizing the function of the glove. During the first half of the 20th century, fielders’ gloves evolved steadily to improve their catch. Field glove designs were adapted with longer fingers, deeper pockets and larger webs between the thumb and the fingers. New designs also added lace between the fingers, making it easier for players to catch the ball. Even more significantly, a new glove design was introduced in 1957, with a special feature in the heel of the glove’s palm, which allowed the glove to completely fold around the ball. 35 This characteristic has become the standard for glove design to this day. Catchers’ and first basemen’s gloves also adopted this style. From fingerless work gloves to flashy gloves designed for each position, the evolution of the baseball glove since the early days of professional baseball is as fascinating as the game itself. Due to technological advances, we may look forward to even newer designs for baseball gloves. A．Behind every glove is a great glove story. B．If a glove is well cared for, it can last decades. C．This led to gloves being designed to soften the catch. D．However, the baseball glove is more than an item of emotional value. E．Thanks to this new design, fielders could easily snatch (一下夺过) the ball with only one hand. F．Early first baseball glove designs were specialized from the padded fielders’ glove to an open glove design. G．For example, catchers’ gloves were work gloves without fingers to allow the player to better handle the ball. Passage 8 （2024高二下·北京·期中） Many young learners today are putting down fantasy novels. 36 Sadly, kids are missing out on the skills they develop when they read about dragons, unicorns, dolphins, and planets from far away. Here are some reasons why children should read fantasy novels. They can explore imagination. Although non-fiction reading is an important skill, kids who read fantasy novels on a regular basis are more likely to express and explore their imagination. 37 Kids who have a wonderful world of imagination are generally happier and more willing to learn about new things in the future. 　　 38 When young learners use and develop their imagination, they know the fact that there is more than one way to solve a problem. This will become an important skill as they progress through elementary, middle, and high school. They make reading fun. So many kids are entirely bored by the idea of reading. 39 If the only time young students read is in school, they will likely not pick up books for fun. However, when kids discover all of the interesting and exciting adventures found in fantasy novels, they tend to view reading as an enjoyable activity. Reading fantasy novels limits electronics. Many children today become more and more drawn to electronics and start to prefer that activity to reading or playing outside. When young learners are encouraged to explore a fantasy world found in a book, they’re less likely to use electronics. 40 A．They develop problem-solving skills. B．This is an important part of childhood. C．That’s because it can seem like a chore. D．Children can do better at their studies at school. E．We can say reading fantasy novels has many benefits. F．So it’s a good way to limit children’s time spent on electronics. G．They are starting to view reading as only a skill to get information or pass an exam. Passage 9 （24-25高二下·北京·期中） Online courses are a terrific way for busy people. 41 You might have a full time job with a packed schedule and need to study at irregular times. You might want to benefit from the quality of education in another country. In this article you will learn about what it takes to succeed in online courses. 42 Time management is an important skill to develop. First, calculate how much time you will need to study every day. Then, allot (分配) a specific time in your schedule for studying. If you are busy during the day, then separate a few hours at night for studies. If you do not schedule study time, chances are you will not get any. Then, the good place to study can be different from student to student. Some prefer to study in complete silence. Others need some kind of soft music around them to concentrate. 43 It can be easy to get distracted (分散) when it is time to study. One of the most common mistakes students of online courses make is leaving their chat and email accounts open while studying. This may seem like a small distraction, but it can end up wasting a lot of your time. 44 In conclusion, it takes hard work and concentration to succeed in online courses. 45 The more effort you put into learning the course material, the better equipped you will be to succeed in your professional career. A．Online courses may not be a good choice for you. B．There are many reasons you might want to take online courses. C．In order to succeed in online learning, you have to have some specific skills. D．Remember online courses are designed to give you the knowledge to succeed. E．The secret to succeeding in online courses is learning how to manage your time. F．If you leave the door open for distraction it will come in and make itself at home. G．For the most part, a quiet room away from your busy and noisy home or office is recommended. Passage 10 （24-25高二下·北京·期中） Humanity today is in its adolescence. Most of a teenager’s life is still ahead of them, and their decisions can have lifelong effects. 46 An estimated 118 billion people have already lived, but vastly more people, perhaps thousands or even millions of times that number, are yet to be born. Some of the decisions we make this century will impact the entire path of humanity’s future. 47 It is the view that positively influencing the long-term future is a key moral priority of our time. It means taking action to benefit not just the present generation, but all generations to come. 48 At the moment, only a tiny amount of society’s time and attention is spent trying to promote a positive long-term future: As my colleague points out, the Biological Weapons Convention—the single international body tasked with prohibiting the spread of bioweapons—has an annual budget of less than the average McDonald’s restaurant. 49 What’s more, action for the long term pays off in the short term, too. 50 Innovation in clean energy not only helps slow climate change, but also reduces the death toll of the 3.6 million people who die every year from fossil fuel-related air pollution. Much the same could be said for other efforts that stand out as longtermist priorities such as promoting democracy and improving our ability to forecast new disasters before they strike. Humans, unlike typical mammals, face an uncertain future: we could survive for millions of years or face extinction soon, Our potential lifespan is vast, so how can we ensure humanity’s survival? A．Given our neglect of future generations, even slightly greater concern for them could make a huge difference. B．As we have seen, preventing the next pandemic stands to save lives in both the present and the future. C．But does advocating for future generations mean neglecting the interests of those alive today? D．I don’t know how much we should spend, but it’s certainly less than we currently do. E．To mature as a species, we need to embrace an ideology called longtermism. F．Contemporary society does not appreciate this fact. G．Similarly, most of humanity’s life lies ahead. Passage 11 （22-23高二下·北京海淀·期中） Digital Medicine Could the next suggestion from your doctor be downloading an app? Collectively known as digital medicine, a large number of apps in use or under development can now detect or monitor mental and physical disorders or directly administer therapies. 51 Many detection aids rely on mobile devices to record such features as users’ voices, locations, facial expressions, exercise and sleep; then they apply artificial intelligence to mark the possible change of a condition. Some smart watches, for instance, contain a sensor that automatically detects and warns people of a dangerous heart rate. 52 These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. 53 Some are being developed to detect things such as cancerous DNA, stomach bleeds, body temperature and oxygen levels. The sensors inside your body can then send the data to apps for recording. 54 For the most part, those intended to diagnose or treat disorders must be proved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatory approval; some may need a doctor’s permission. Clearly, society must move into the future of digital medicine with care — ensuring that the apps go through strict testing, protect privacy and go smoothly into doctors’ work. With such protections in place, healthcare costs could be saved by marking unhealthy behaviours and helping people to make changes before diseases set in. 55 For researchers, the patterns that emerge will provide them with novel ideas for how best to build healthier habits and prevent diseases. A．For doctors, applying AI to the data from these apps could help them personalize patient care. B．These data also help doctors detect diseases and help patients change their behaviors. C．Other similar tools can detect breathing disorders, depression and other conditions. D．They can both help diagnose symptoms and enhance traditional medical care. E．Detection aids can also take the form of eatable and sensor-bearing pills. F．Digital medicine has been widely used in all aspects of life nowadays. G．Not all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine. Passage 12 （23-24高二下·北京房山·期中） Emojis are everywhere. They offer effective and fun ways to interact with others. Used well, they can become an engaging and creative addition to communication. 56 One well-chosen emoji can replace many words of text. 57 Or a thumbs-up emoji might save you from writing out your agreement to something in full. 58 And when you can’t hear someone’s tone of voice or read their body language, an image can be particularly helpful for understanding their meaning. Emojis are clear, colorful, and designed to convey a single message memorably — which has been shown to increase interest and engagement. They stand out among text, especially when the recipient is working quickly or on the move. Many emojis mean the same thing to everyone, everywhere. 59 For example, a smiling face emoji will let anyone know that you’re happy, whatever language you speak! Emojis can help you to show your human side, making you seem friendlier and more approachable. What’s more, the brain reacts to images of faces, and to real faces, in a very similar way. Alongside all the potential benefits of emojis that we’ve listed above, there are also dangers you’ll need to guard against. 60 For example, a red-faced character could be angry, or embarrassed. Like any language, you need to “speak Emoji” with care. If not, you run the risk of creating confusion, conveying the wrong impression, or even causing serious offense. A．Here are some of the reasons why emojis are so popular. B．Many employees in some western countries are using emojis at work. C．An emoji is often easier and quicker to understand than a written explanation. D．So they can break through language barriers, and promote easy communication. E．For example, you could select an emoji of a house to set your status as “working from home.” F．A poorly chosen emoji can cause problems, because some of the images are not universally understood. G．For example, the crossed fingers emoji means good luck in some places, but it’s seen as an impolite sign in others. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $