重难05 并列句、宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句（重难专练）（江苏专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

重难05 并列句、宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句 内容导航 第一部分 重难考向解读 拆解核心难点，明确备考要点 核心模块 重难考向 考法解读/考向预测 第二部分 重难要点剖析 精解核心要点，点拨解题技巧 要点梳理 典例验知 技巧点拨 类题夯基 考向01 并列句 考向02 宾语从句 考向03 状语从句 考向04 定语从句 第三部分 重难提分必刷 靶向突破难点，精练稳步进阶 重●难●考●向●解●读 重难考向 考法解读/预测 考向01 并列句 断句分析： 先找出主句和从句的分界点，判断是从句还是并列句。 成分缺失检查： 若是宾语从句，重点查陈述语序。 若是定语从句，看先行词是人还是物，以及从句缺什么成分。 若是状语从句，代入连词翻译，看逻辑（时间/条件/因果）是否通顺。 时态验证： 检查是否符合“主将从现”或“时态呼应”规则。 排除干扰： 警惕 although...but... 和 because...so... 的连用错误。 考向02 宾语从句 考向03 状语从句 考向02 定语从句 重●难●要●点●剖●析 考向01 并列连词与并列句 要点梳理 核心一、表并列 1、and(和；有；并且)连接两个或两个以上并列的单词、短语或句子。 2、both...and...(两者都)连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 3、or(和)表并列时，用于否定句。 4、not only...but also...(不仅......而且......)连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近原则”。 5、neither...nor...(既不......也不......)连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近原则”。 6、as well as(也；和；而且)连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由第一个主语决定，即遵循“就远原则”。 核心二、表转折 1、but (但是) 在同一个句子当中，although/though与but不能同时使用。not...but...意思为“不是......而是......” 2、yet (然而；但是)表示转折。 3、while (然而；而)常连接内容和结构对称的两个部分，表示对比。 核心三、表因果 1、so(所以) 在同一个句子当中，because与so不能同时使用。 2、for(因为)对前一分句加以解释或者补充说明，常用逗号与前一句隔开 核心四、表选择 1、or(或者；还是) 2、either...or...(或者......或者......) 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近原则”。 典例验知 1．（25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·月考）We should wear warm clothes when going out in winter, ________ we may catch a cold. A．so B．or C．and D．but 【答案】B 【详解】句意：冬天外出时我们应该穿暖和的衣服，否则我们可能会感冒。 so因此；or否则；and和；but但是。根据“We should wear warm clothes...we may catch a cold”可知，前句是建议，后句是不这样做的后果，表示“否则”，应填or。 2．（2025九年级上·江苏南通·专题练习）The new energy car runs on electricity, ________ it doesn’t produce harmful gases. A．because B．so C．but D．although 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这款新能源汽车靠电力驱动，所以它不会产生有害气体。 考查连词辨析。because因为，引导原因状语从句；so所以，表结果；but但是，表转折；although尽管，表让步。根据“The new energy car runs on electricity,”可知，“靠电力驱动”和“不产生有害气体”之间是因果关系，且是前因后果，应该用so。故选B。 3．（25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）It may not work on everyone, ________ it may work on you. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：它可能对每个人都无效，但可能对你有效。 考查连词辨析。and并且（表并列）；but但是（表转折）；or或者（表选择）；so所以（表结果）。前后句意存在转折关系，用but连接表转折关系的并列句。故选B。 技巧点拨 第一步：分析句子结构 确认是否为两个完整的简单句？如果是，中间需要连词。 是否有“祈使句 + , + ______ + 陈述句”结构？若有，锁定 and 或 or。 第二步：判断逻辑关系（关键词法） 同向/顺承： 前后情感色彩一致，动作连续 → 选 and。 反向/转折： 前后意思对立，出现 however, although (虽不连用但暗示语境) → 选 but。 选择/否定/否则： 出现 either..., 否定句, 或警告语气 → 选 or。 因果： 前因后果 → 选 so；补充原因 → 选 for。 第三步：排除干扰项 检查是否犯了“双连词”错误（如同时出现 because...so... 或 although...but...）。 检查否定句中是否误用了 and（应改为 or）。 易错点提醒 Both... and... (两者都) vs Either... or... (或者...或者...) vs Neither... nor... (既不...也不...)。 考查主谓一致时遵循“就近原则”的是：Either... or..., Neither... nor..., Not only... but also...。 Both... and... 作主语时，谓语动词永远用复数。 Not only... but also...：不仅……而且……。连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。 类题夯基 1．（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·月考）—Are people in Internet companies complaining about long working hours? —Yes. They make great contributions to IT industry, ________ they can’t achieve a balance between life and work. A．or B．if C．but D．since 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——互联网公司的人在抱怨长时间的工作吗？——是的。他们为IT行业做出了巨大贡献，但是他们无法在生活和工作之间取得平衡。 考查连词辨析。or或者；if如果；but但是；since自从。根据“They make great contributions to IT industry...they can’t achieve a balance between life and work.”可知，前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接。故选C。 2．（25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·月考）—Put it in a safe place ________ you may lose it again. —All right. A．and B．or C．but D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——把它放在安全的地方，否则你可能会再把它弄丢。——好的。 考查连词辨析。and和；or否则；but但是；so所以。根据“Put it in a safe place”和“you may lose it again”的逻辑关系，这里需要一个表示“否则”的连词，or符合语境。故选B。 3．（25-26九年级上·江苏连云港·月考）Life is like a one-way race, ________ enjoy every moment as time flies and never comes back. A．and B．but C．so D．or 【答案】C 【详解】句意：人生就像一场单程赛跑，所以享受每一刻，因为时光飞逝，永不回头。 考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；so所以；or或者。根据“Life is like a one-way race…enjoy every moment as time flies and never comes back.”的语境可知，句子前后部分为因果关系，前半句是原因，后半句是结果，应用so连接。故选C。 4．（25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考）It’s windy outside. Put on your coat, ________ you may catch a cold. A．and B．but C．so D．or 【答案】D 【详解】句意：外面刮风了。穿上你的外套吧，否则你可能会感冒。 考查连词。and并且，连接并列结构；but但是，表示转折关系；so所以，表示结果；or否则，用来引出未采取行动的后果。根据“Put on your coat”及“you may catch a cold”可知，此处引出不穿外套的后果，故选D。 5．（25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）We didn’t have enough chairs, ____ some of the students had to sit on the floor. A．so B．but C．or D．and 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们没有足够的椅子，所以有些学生不得不坐在地板上。 A. so所以；B. but    但是；C. or或者；D. and并且，根据所给空前面的We didn’t have enough chairs以及后面的句子some of the students had to sit on the floor可知，应该是因果关系，故答案选A。 考向02 宾语从句 要点梳理 引导词分三类，需根据句意和句式选择： 1.that：无词义，不充当句子成分，仅起连接作用，口语/非正式文体中可省略。 I hope (that it will snow this winter 我希望今年冬天会下雪。 I believe (that) we shall become good friends.我相信我们会成为好朋友。 2.if/whether：均表“是否”，不充当句子成分；仅用whether的情况：句末有or not、介词后、to do前。 He does not know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not. 他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。 He asks whether / if we will go fishing on Sunday, 他问周日我们是否会去钓鱼。 3.WH-疑问词（what/who/where/when/why/how等）：需在从句中充当成分（主语、宾语、状语等），根据句意选择。 They couldn't believe what they heard on the news.他们简直不敢相信从新闻中听到的消息。 Could you please tell me what time the train leaves?你能告诉我火车什么时候出发吗？ The old man doesn’t remember who I am.老人不记得我是谁了。 典例验知 1．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________, sir? —Sure. It creates music in your own style. A．if the AI app is expensive B．where the AI app was developed C．when the AI app came into use D．what the AI app can do 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——先生，您能告诉我这款人工智能应用程序能做什么吗？——当然可以。它能以你自己的风格创作音乐。 考查宾语从句。if the AI app is expensive这款人工智能应用程序是否很昂贵；where the AI app was developed这款人工智能应用程序是在哪里开发的；when the AI app came into use这款人工智能应用程序是何时投入使用的；what the AI app can do这款人工智能应用程序能做什么。根据回答“It creates music in your own style.”可知，此处介绍了这款人工智能应用程序的功能，即“它能做什么”。故选D。 2．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）—Could you help me plan a day out in Lianyungang? —You can try Donghai Crystal (水晶) Museum. There you can learn ________. A．whether crystal is formed B．how crystal is formed C．whether is crystal formed D．how is crystal formed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能帮我计划在连云港度过一天吗？——你可以试试东海水晶博物馆。在那里你可以了解水晶是如何形成的。 考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除CD；根据“There you can learn”可知在博物馆可以了解水晶是如何形成的，用how引导宾语从句。故选B。 3．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）—I’m very hungry, Amy. Do you know ________? —Of course! I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there. A．where we can get some food quickly B．where can we get some food quickly C．when we can get some food quickly D．when can we get some food quickly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Amy，我非常饿。你知道我们在哪里可以快速弄到吃的吗？——当然！我建议去那边的阳光快餐店。 考查宾语从句。know后面是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B和D选项。根据“I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there”可知，询问地点用where引导宾语从句，故选A。 技巧点拨 核心：先判引导词，再查语序，最后验时态，三步锁定正确答案。 第一步：牢记 “陈述语序” 原则宾语从句必须用主语在前、谓语在后的陈述语序，排除疑问语序（如助动词 / 系动词提前、倒装结构）。 第二步：判断引导词类型 表 “是否”：用 if/whether，后接陈述语序。 表 “疑问内容”：用 what/who/where/when/how/why，后接陈述语序。 句意完整无疑问：用 that（可省略），后接陈述语序。 第三步：快速排除选项中疑问语序、主谓不一致、引导词多余的错误选项，结合句意和时态验证。 一句话速记：引导词放句首，后跟陈述语序，疑问语序全排除。 类题夯基 1．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）—My parents will give me a red packet after my graduation! —I wonder ________. A．how much money have you got B．what you bought with the money C．if you will give it to your parents D．that you will deal with the money 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我毕业后父母会给我一个红包！——我想知道你是否会把它交给你的父母。 考查宾语从句。how much money have you got，语法错误，在宾语从句中，应使用陈述句语序；what you bought with the money，时态错误，根据“My parents will give me a red packet after my graduation!”可知，钱尚未收到，因此不能用过去时；that you will deal with the money，引导词错误，此处应表示“想知道如何处理钱”，应用how引导；C项符合，此处表示好奇对方是否会把红包给父母。故选C。 2．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）—That sounds interesting! May I ask ________ to see the changes? —Well, it depends. Some people take a while, and some others take forever. A．how much will it cost B．how long will it take C．how much it will cost D．how long it will take 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——听起来很有趣！请问需要多长时间才能看到变化？——嗯，这要看情况。有些人需要一段时间，有些人则需要一辈子。 考查特殊疑问词及宾语从句。how much多少钱；how long多长时间。根据“Some people take a while, and some others take for ever.”可知，此处询问花费时间的长短，用how long引导宾语从句，且宾语从句需要用陈述语序。故选D。 3．（2025·江苏南通·中考真题）—Daniel, I want to read the book Journey to the West. But I don’t know ________. —You can try Nantong Library. A．how I can get one B．what I should take with me C．when I can borrow one D．if I can take Underground Line 1 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——丹尼尔，我想读《西游记》这本书。但我不知道怎样才能弄到一本。——你可以去南通图书馆试试。 考查宾语从句。how I can get one我怎样才能得到一本；what I should take with me我该带些什么；when I can borrow one我什么时候能借到一本；if I can take Underground Line 1我是否能乘坐地铁1号线。根据答语“You can try Nantong Library.”可知，此处对方是提问怎样得到这本书，故选A。 4．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________ two 30-minute breaks every day? —They help us stay healthy and energetic. A．why we have B．what we do during C．why do we have D．what do we do during 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我为什么我们每天有两次30分钟的休息时间吗？——它们帮助我们保持健康和精力充沛。 考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me”及选项可知，空处是宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除C、D选项；根据“They help us stay healthy and energetic.”可知，空处是询问每天有两次30分钟的休息时间的原因，用why引导宾语从句。故选A。 5．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）— Excuse me, could you tell me ______? — It usually opens at nine o’clock. A．how I can get to the bank B．where the bank is C．how far the bank is D．when the bank opens 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我银行什么时候开门吗？——它通常九点开门。 考查宾语从句。how I can get to the bank我如何到达银行；where the bank is银行在哪里；how far the bank is银行有多远；when the bank opens银行什么时候开门。根据答语“It usually opens at nine o’clock.”可知，此处询问银行开门的时间，所以应该用when引导宾语从句。故选D。 考向03 状语从句 要点梳理 连词 引导的状语从句 用法 ①before（在·······之前） ②after（在·······之后） ③when（当······的时候） ④whenever（无论何时；每当） ⑤while（当······的时候） ⑥until（直到） ⑦since（自从······） ⑧as（当······时） ⑨once（一旦） ⑩as soon as（-······就······） 时间状语从句 （1）until 常用于“not...until...”结构中，意为“直到·····才······”。 （2）在since引导的时间状语从句中，主句多用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 ①because（因为） ②since（因为；既然） ③as（由于，因为） 原因状语从句 1）because 表示原因的语气最强，常回答why提出的问题，不能和so同时使用。 （2）since表示显然的或已为人知的理由，语气比because弱，但比as强。 ①if（如果）， ②unless（除非；如果不） ③as long as（只要） 条件状语从句 一般情况下，unless可以与if...not互换使用。 ①although（虽然，尽管） ②though（虽然，尽管） ③even if/though（即使） 让步状语从句 although 与though一般可互换使用，但although 更为正式。 ①so...that.... （如此·······以至于······） ②such...that... （如此·······以至于······） 结果状语从句 （1）so修饰形容词或副词： ①s o + a d j .( + a / a n + 可数名词单数）＋that... ②so+ a d j ./ a d v . + t h a t . . （2）such修饰名词： s u c h ( + a / a n ) + a d j . + n .+that... ①so that（以便，为了）， ②in order that（为了） 目的状语从句 目的状语从句的谓语动词前一般都有情态动词，如can，will，could，would等。 典例验知 1．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）Practice is very important. You will forget the new words ______ you often use them. A．when B．unless C．if D．until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：练习是非常重要的。如果你不经常使用生词，你就会忘记它们。 考查连词辨析。when当……时；unless除非；if如果；until直到。根据“You will forget the new words … you often use them.”可知，除非经常使用，否则会忘记的，故选B。 2．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Everyone loves my dog Coffee, ________ he often makes a mess at home. A．until B．since C．though D．whether 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每个人都喜欢我的狗Coffee，尽管它经常在家里弄得一团糟。 考查连词辨析。until直到；since自从；though尽管；whether是否。分析句子可知，虽然Coffee把家里弄得很乱，但是每个人都喜欢它，故用though引导让步状语从句。故选C。 3．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）________ you are too tired to do all the things on your To-Do list, try a To-Don’t list. A．If B．Until C．Although D．Unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你太累了，无法完成待办事项清单上的所有事情，试着列一张勿做事项清单。 考查连词辨析。If如果；Until直到；Although尽管；Unless除非。分析句子可知，此处指如果完成待办事项清单上的所有事情感到很累，可以列一张“勿做”清单，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 技巧点拨 一、核心原则：抓引导词，辨逻辑，对时态 时间状语从句的解题核心是通过引导词判断逻辑关系，结合 “主将从现” 等时态规则匹配选项，排除语法错误和逻辑矛盾项。 二、解题步骤（三步走） 1. 辨引导词，定逻辑关系 2. 用 “主将从现”，定时态规则 3. 排干扰项，避易错点 三、速记口诀 时间状语看引导，逻辑关系先辨清； 主将从现是准则，时态一致莫忘记； while 接延续动作，引导词错不选； 陈述语序记心间，干扰选项快速排。 类题夯基 1．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）________ it may not work on everyone, it may work on you. A．Though B．But C．Because D．Since 【答案】A 【详解】句意：虽然它可能不会对每个人都有效，但它可能对你有效。 考查连词辨析。Though尽管，虽然；But但是；Because因为；Since自从。根据“... it may not work on everyone, it may work on you.”可知，此处表示让步关系，表示尽管它可能不会对每个人有效，但可能对你有效，用though引导让步状语从句。故选A。 2．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）The wind power of our country develops more quickly ________ we push for green energy. A．though B．before C．as D．until 【答案】C 【详解】句意：随着我们推动绿色能源发展，我国的风力发电发展得更快了。 考查连词辨析。though虽然；before在……之前；as随着；until直到……为止。根据“The wind power of our country develops more quickly...we push for green energy.”可知，as符合语境，引导时间状语从句，表示“随着我们推动绿色能源发展，我国的风力发电发展得更快了”。故选C。 3．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）________ over 400 million adults are too heavy, China has made a plan to help its people with weight control. A．Since B．Unless C．Though D．Until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：因为超过4亿成年人体重超标，中国制定了一个计划来帮助人们控制体重。 考查从属连词辨析。Since因为；Unless除非；Though尽管；Until直到。根据“over 400 million adults are too heavy”可知，“超过4亿成年人体重超标”是“制定计划来帮助人们控制体重”的原因，用since引导原因状语从句。故选A。 4．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）________ the zoo is far from my city, I still want to see the giant pandas in it. A．Because B．Since C．Before D．Although 【答案】D 【详解】句意：虽然动物园离我的城市很远，但我仍然想去看里面的大熊猫。 考查连词辨析。Because因为；Since自从，既然；Before在……之前；Although虽然。根据“the zoo is far from my city”以及“I still want to see the giant pandas in it”可知，前后句存在让步关系，即尽管动物园远，但还是想去，所以用Although引导让步状语从句。故选D。 5．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Technology can be of great help ________ we make an effort to control it and use it right. A．if B．before C．though D．until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果我们努力控制它并正确使用它，技术可以提供很大的帮助。 考查连词辨析。if如果；before在……之前；though虽然；until直到。分析句子可知，后句是前句的条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 考向04 定语从句 要点梳理 一、.关系代词的用法 关系代词 所指先行词 在从句中充当的成分 例句 例句翻译与解析 who 人 主语 The woman who lives next door is a doctor. 住在我隔壁的那位女士是医生。（解析： who  指代  the woman ，在从句  who lives next door  中充当主语。） 宾语 (口语/非正式) The man (who) I saw yesterday was her brother. 我昨天看到的那个男人是她的哥哥。（解析： who  指代  the man ，在从句  I saw who  中充当动词  saw  的宾语，此处可以省略。） whom 人 宾语 (动词宾语) The professor whom we respect is giving a talk. 我们尊敬的那位教授将做一个讲座。（解析： whom  指代  the professor ，在从句  we respect whom  中充当动词  respect  的宾语。） 宾语 (介词宾语) She is the person to whom I owe my thanks. 她是我要感谢的人。（解析： whom  指代  the person ，在介词  to  后充当宾语，构成介词短语  to whom 。） whose 人或物 定语 (表所属) The student whose project won the award is over there. 项目获奖的那位学生就在那边。（解析： whose  指代  the student‘s ，在从句中作定语，修饰主语  project 。） We visited the city whose history fascinates us. 我们游览了那座历史令我们着迷的城市。（解析： whose  指代  the city‘s ，在从句中作定语，修饰主语  history 。） which 物或动物 主语 The phone which is on the table is mine. 桌上的那部手机是我的。（解析： which  指代  the phone ，在从句  which is on the table  中充当主语。） 宾语 The ideas (which) he proposed were innovative. 他提出的那些想法很有创新性。（解析： which  指代  the ideas ，在从句  he proposed which  中充当动词  proposed  的宾语，此处可以省略。） that 人或物 主语 (指人) The girl that won the race is my classmate. 赢得比赛的那个女孩是我的同学。（解析： that  指代  the girl ，在从句中充当主语。） 主语 (指物) Everything that happens has a cause. 发生的每件事都有原因。（解析： that  指代  everything ，在从句中充当主语。） 宾语 (指人) Is he the man (that) you told me about? 他就是你跟我提过的那个人吗？（解析： that  指代  the man ，在从句  you told me about that  中充当介词  about  的宾语，此处可以省略。） 宾语 (指物) The book (that) I’m reading is fascinating. 我正在读的那本书非常有趣。（解析： that  指代  the book ，在从句  I’m reading that  中充当动词  reading  的宾语，此处可以省略。） 二.关系代词的用法 1、when：指时间，先行词是 time, day, year, moment 等时间名词，在从句中作时间状语 = on/in/at/during which I will never forget the day when I first came to this school. （我永远不会忘记我第一次来到这所学校的那天。） = I will never forget the day on which I first came to this school. 2、where：指地点，先行词是 place, city, room, country 等地点名词，在从句中作地点状语 = in/at/on which This is the house where I was born. （这就是我出生的房子。） = This is the house in which I was born. 3、why:指原因，先行词只有 reason，在从句中作原因状语 = for which The reason why he was late is not clear. （他迟到的原因不清楚。） = The reason for which he was late is not clear. 典例验知 5．（25-26九年级上·江苏常州·月考）I like the cartoon ________ has a happy ending and makes me ________. A．which; to laugh B．whose; to laugh C．whose; laughing D．which; laugh 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我喜欢那部有快乐结局并让我发笑的卡通片。 考查定语从句关系词辨析和使役动词make的用法。which（明确所指的事物）……的那个；whose谁的；to laugh笑，动词不定式；laughing笑，现在分词/动名词；laugh笑，动词原形。第一空，分析句子可知，“has a happy ending and makes me...”是定语从句，先行词是the cartoon（物），从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which或that引导；第二空，make sb do sth为固定搭配，意为“使某人做某事”，此处应用动词原形laugh。故选D。 7．（25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）In our life, there is always a person, a book, or an experience ________ shapes our way of thinking and helps us grow. A．who B．what C．where D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在我们的生活中，总有一个人、一本书或一段经历塑造我们的思维方式并帮助我们成长。 考查定语从句关系词。who引导定语从句时，在从句中作主语或宾语，先行词指人；what不引导定语从句；where引导定语从句时，在从句中作状语，先行词指地点；that引导定语从句时，在从句中可作主语或宾语，先行词可指人和物。分析题干可知，空格处是定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，先行词是“a person, a book, or an experience”，包含人和物，应用that引导定语从句。故选D。 8．（25-26九年级上·江苏徐州·期末）Orange is a warm colour _________ represents joy. A．what B．who C．where D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：橙色是一种代表喜悦的暖色。 考查定语从句关系词。what不能引导定语从句；who引导定语从句时，先行词为人，在从句中作主语或宾语；where引导定语从句时，先行词为地点，在从句中作地点状语；which引导定语从句时，先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词“a warm colour（一种暖色）”为物，且在从句中作主语，所以应该用which引导。故选D。 技巧点拨 1. 关系代词和关系副词的用法：区分 who、whom、which、that、whose 等关系代词以及 when、where、why 等关系副词的用法，根据先行词在从句中充当的成分来选择正确的引导词。 2. 限定性与非限定性定语从句：掌握两者的区别，如非限定性定语从句中关系词不能用 that，且与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，其意义和作用与限定性定语从句有所不同。 3. 先行词的判断：准确找出定语从句所修饰的先行词，尤其当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词、the only 等修饰时，关系代词的选择有特殊要求。 4. “介词 + 关系代词” 结构：理解和掌握常见的 “介词 + 关系代词” 的用法，如 in which、on which、for which 等，以及如何根据先行词和从句中的动词搭配来确定介词。 类题夯基 1．（2026·江苏南通·模拟预测）According to the survey, women ________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than ________ who don’t. A．who; that B．/; these C．who; those D．/; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：根据调查，每天喝超过两杯咖啡的女性比不喝咖啡的女性患心脏病的风险更高。 who关系代词，引导定语从句，可作主语或宾语；that那个；those那些。第一空：先行词“women”指人，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导，不可省略。 第二空：空格后为“who don’t”，此处需填入代词指代前文提到的“women”，且为复数，应用those，those who...意为“那些……的人”。 2．（25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·月考）Some drivers drive ________ fast that they make people ________ are trying to cross the street afraid. A．too; who B．so; which C．so; who D．such; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一些司机开车如此快，以至于让那些正试图过马路的人感到害怕。 第一空，fast是副词，修饰副词表示“如此……以至于……”用 so... that...结构，such修饰名词，too常与to搭配；第二空，先行词是people，指人，且在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用who或that，which指物。 3．（25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考）This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen in the last five years. A．which B．that C．who D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我过去五年里看过的最好的电影。 which哪一个（指物）；that那个（指人 / 物，先行词被最高级修饰时用）；who谁（指人）；/ 不填（关系代词作宾语时可省略）。先行词“movie”被最高级“the best”修饰，此时定语从句的关系代词只能用that。 4．（25-26九年级上·江苏常州·月考）—Do you know everybody ________ came to the club? —No, I don’t know the one ________ you had a long talk with near the door. A．who; / B．whose; that C．that; which D．/; whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你认识所有来俱乐部的人吗？——不，我不认识那个你在门边和他长谈的人。 考查定语从句关系代词。第一空先行词“everybody”为人，关系词在从句中作主语，可用who或that；第二空先行词“the one”为人，关系词在从句中作介词with的宾语，可用whom或that，也可省略。选项A“who; /”符合两空要求。故选A。 5．（2026九年级·江苏泰州·专题练习）Quantum (量子) computers are different from traditional computers because they use qubits (量子比特) ________ can have different states at the same time. A．who B．whom C．which D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：量子计算机与传统计算机不同，因为它们使用可以同时具有不同状态的量子比特。 考查定语从句关系代词辨析。who谁，代词，指人；whom谁，代词，指人；which哪个，代词，指物；what什么，代词。分析句子结构，空格到句末为定语从句，修饰先行词“qubits”量子比特；先行词指物，定从中缺少主语，应选用指物的关系代词which。故选C。 重●难●提●分●必●刷 一、基础题 1．“A white elephant” means something that is useless, ________ it may cost a lot of money. A．since B．until C．although D．unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“白象”指的是无用的东西，尽管它可能要花很多钱。 考查连词辨析。since由于，引导原因状语从句；until直到……才……，引导时间状语从句；although尽管，引导让步状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句。“something that is useless”与“it may cost a lot of money”是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句，故选C。 2．Tom ________ the fence when Ben came over. A．paints B．is painting C．was painting D．will paint 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Tom正在刷栅栏，这时Ben过来了。 考查动词时态。根据“when Ben came over”可知，本句为when引导的时间状语从句，从句时态用了一般过去时，故主句描述过去某时正在进行的动作，需过去进行时，结构为was/were doing。故选C。 3．—Who will be the winner of the game show? —No one can know the result until it ________ tomorrow morning. A．will be announced B．will announce C．is announced D．announces 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——谁会是竞赛节目的获胜者？——直到明早宣布才有人知道结果。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。announce“宣布”，动词。not...until引导时间状语从句，主句包含现在时的情态动词can，所以从句采用一般现在时，从句主语it和动词announce之间是被动关系，所以空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构是：am/is/are+动词过去分词，主语it表示单数，be动词用is，announce用过去分词announced。故选C。 4．________ I don’t know what to start with yet, ________ I will try my best to solve the problem. A．But; although B．Although; / C．Though; but D．Unless; or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然我还不知道从什么开始，但我会尽力解决这个问题。 考查连词辨析。but但是；although虽然；though虽然；unless除非；or或者。根据“...I don’t know what to start with yet...I will try my best to solve the problem.”可知前后两句是让步关系，用although/though引导让步状语从句，且不能和but连用。故选B。 5．_________ Steve has failed many times, he is always full of hope for the future. A．Since B．If C．Though D．When 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽管史蒂夫已经失败了很多次, 但他对未来总是充满希望。 考查连词辨析。Since自……以来；If如果；Though尽管；When当……时。根据“...Steve has failed many times, he is always full of hope for the future.”可知前后两句的关系式让步关系，用though引导让步状语从句。故选C。 6．It is ________ fine weather today that there are so many people playing in the park. A．so B．very C．too D．such 【答案】D 【详解】句意：今天天气很好，公园里有很多人在玩。 考查such的用法。so...that表示“如此……以致于”，中心词为形容词；very非常；too也；such+名词短语+that“如此……以致于”。结合“fine weather”可知此处是名词短语，所以此处用such。故选D。 7．Lessons can be learned to face the future, ________ history cannot be changed. A．because B．until C．unless D．though 【答案】D 【详解】句意：虽然历史无法改变，但我们可以吸取教训，面对未来。 考查连词辨析。because因为，引导原因状语从句；until直到……为止，引导时间状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；though虽然，引导让步状语从句。根据“Lessons can be learned to face the future, ...history cannot be changed.”可知，“虽然”历史无法改变，但是我们可以吸取教训，面对未来。本句是though引导的让步状语从句。故选D。 8．Nobody can hear you ________ you speak in a louder voice. A．if B．unless C．because D．but 【答案】B 【详解】句意：除非你用更大的声音说话，否则没有人能听到你说的话。 考查连词。if如果；unless除非；because因为；but但是。根据“Nobody can hear you...you speak in a louder voice.”可知，应表达除非说话声音大一点，否则没人能听见，“you speak in a louder voice”为“Nobody can hear you”的否定条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。 9．More and more couples prefer ________ a second baby ________ their first child can feel less lonely. A．have; in order to B．to have; in order to C．have; so that D．to have; so that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：越来越多的夫妇想要第二个孩子，这样他们的第一个孩子就不会那么孤独。 考查非谓语动词以及连词辨析。in order to为了，后应接动词原形；so that“以便，为了”，后跟目的状语从句。根据“prefer”可知 ，prefer to do“更喜欢做某事”，因此此处应用不定式作宾语；根据“their first child can feel less lonely”可知，空后为从句，因此应用so that。故选D。 10．Her research paper isn’t up to standard ________ she has worked at it for two weeks. A．since B．unless C．has D．though 【答案】D 【详解】句意：她的研究论文没有达到标准，尽管她已经写了两个星期。 考查连词辨析。since自从；unless除非；has有，为动词；though尽管。根据“Her research paper isn’t up to standard...she has worked at it for two weeks”表达让步关系，应使用连词though引导让步状语从句，故选D。 11．There is only ten minutes left. We won’t get to the concert in time ________ we take a taxi. A．ever since B．even though C．so that D．as soon as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：只剩下10分钟了。我们即使打车也不能及时到达音乐会会场了。 考查从属连词辨析。ever since自从；even though尽管，即使；so that以便，因此；as soon as一……就……。根据“There is only ten minutes left.”可知，即使打车也不能及时赶到了，用even though引导让步状语从句。故选B。 12．—May I go to the cinema with you tonight? —I’m afraid not, ________ you have finished your homework. A．unless B．if C．until D．although 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——今晚我可以和你一起去看电影吗？——恐怕不行，除非你完成了作业。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；if如果；until直到；although尽管。根据“I’m afraid not, ...you have finished your homework.”可知，不完成作业就不能去看电影，应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选A。 13．________ COVID-19 is under control now, we still need to protect ourselves by wearing masks and washing hands often. A．Because B．Although C．Since D．But 【答案】B 【详解】句意：尽管现在COVID-19已经得到控制，我们仍然需要戴口罩和勤洗手来保护自己。 考查连词用法。Because因为；Although虽然；Since既然；But但是。根据“...COVID-19 is under control now, we still need to protect ourselves by wearing masks and washing hands often.”可知，空处需Although引导让步状语从句。故选B。 14．—Usually a dog won’t bite ________ it’s being attacked. —For everyone’s safety, I still insist it is necessary to put it on the lead. A．unless B．if C．when D．after 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——通常狗是不会咬人的，除非它受到攻击。——为了每个人的安全，我仍然坚持把它牵着是必要的。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；if如果；when当……时候；after在……之后。根据“Usually a dog won’t bite … it’s being attacked.”可知，此处是指除非被攻击，否则狗不会咬人，后句是前句的否定条件，应用unless引导条件状语从句。 15．The boy made ________ great progress in his study that we all felt surprised. A．so B．such C．very D．really 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个男孩在学习上取得了如此大的进步，我们都感到惊讶。 考查结果状语从句。so如此；such这样；very很；really真正地。根据“great progress in his study that we all …”可知，此处考查such +形容词+不可数名词+ that …“如此……的……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故选B。 16．— It’s impossible to finish the difficult task in a short time ________ both of us work hard on it. — No problem, let’s start! A．if B．but C．because D．unless 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——除非我们俩都努力工作，否则在这么短的时间内完成这项艰巨的任务是不可能的。——没问题，我们开始吧！ 考查连词辨析。if如果；but但是；because因为；unless除非。根据“It’s impossible to finish the difficult task in a short time...both of us work hard on it”可知，前后句构成条件关系，此处指除非两人都努力工作，否则很难完成，所以应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选D。 17．—Would you like to go fishing with us now, Frank? —Sorry. My parents won’t allow me to go out ________ I finish all my homework. A．if B．since C．unless D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——弗兰克，你现在想和我们一起去钓鱼吗？——对不起。除非我完成所有作业，否则我父母不允许我外出。 考查连词辨析。if如果；since自从；unless除非；when当。分析句子可知，后句是前句的否定条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。 18．—The library holds ________ many books ________ it may be difficult to choose the right one. Can you give me some advice? —Sure. Book reviews can help you decide if a book is for you. A．such; that B．so; that C．too; to D．enough; to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——图书馆藏书太多，可能很难选择合适的一本。你能给我一些建议吗？——当然。书评可以帮助你决定一本书是否适合你。 考查连词辨析。such…that如此……以至于……，such修饰名词；so…that如此……以至于……，so修饰形容词或副词；too…to太……而不能；enough…to足够……去。根据“The library holds …many books …it may be difficult to choose the right one.”可知，此处是指图书馆很多书以至于无法选择一本，且此处修饰形容词many，应用so。故选B。 19．—When shall we leave for Bencha Ancient Town? —________ we keep things on the desk in good order. A．Till B．Since C．Not until D．Whenever 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们什么时候动身去栟茶古镇？——直到我们把桌子上的东西收拾整齐。 考查连词。Till意为“直到”；Since意为“自从”；Not until意为“直到……才”；Whenever意为“无论何时”。根据“When shall we leave for Bencha Ancient Town?”可知是指直到我们把桌子上的东西收拾整齐，应用Not until位于句首，Till不能用于句首，故选C。 20．—What a boring trip! We did nothing but listen to the rain in the hotel. —Why didn’t you check the weather ________ you travelled? A．since B．until C．after D．before 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——多么无聊的旅行啊！我们在旅馆里除了听雨声什么也没做。——你旅行前为什么不查看一下天气？ 考查连词辨析。since自从；until直到；after在……之后；before在……之前。根据“Why didn’t you check the weather...you travelled”可知，应是在旅行前查看天气。故选D。 21．—Do you know ________ after the exam? —Correct the mistakes immediately. A．what you should do B．what should you do C．when should you study D．when you should study 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道考后你应该做什么吗？——立即订正错误。 考查宾语从句。what you should do你应该做什么；when you should study你什么时候开始学习。根据宾语从句中的语序要用陈述语序，可排除B和C；根据“Correct the mistakes immediately.”可知，这应该是考后做的事情，提问用what来提问。故选A。 22．—Mum’s birthday is coming. I want to give her a surprise, but I don’t know ________. —Just think about her hobbies. A．how can I make it B．how I can make it C．when can I make it D．when I can make it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈的生日快到了。我想给她一个惊喜，但我不知道该怎么做。——就想想她的爱好。 考查宾语从句。根据“I don’t know...”及选项可知，此处考查宾语从句，从句的语序需要使用陈述句语序，因此排除A和C；根据“Just think about her hobbies.”可知，此处指不知道怎么给妈妈一个惊喜。故选B。 23．—I’m wondering ________ at a low price? —You can book one through our official app. A．when I can buy the air ticket B．when can I buy the air ticket C．how I can buy the air ticket D．how can I buy the air ticket 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我想知道怎样才能买到便宜的机票。——你可以通过这个官方应用程序预订。 考查宾语从句。根据“I’m wondering ...”可知，此处为宾语从句，应该用陈述语序，故排除B、D项。根据答语“You can book one through this official app.”可知，上句是询问怎样才能买到便宜的机票，用how引导宾语从句。故选C。 24．Sandy, do you still remember ________ the Palace Museum? A．when we visit B．when do we visit C．when we visited D．when did we visit 【答案】C 【详解】句意：桑迪，你还记得我们参观故宫的时候吗？ 考查宾语从句。根据“do you still remember … the Palace Museum”可知，空处应为宾语从句，宾语从句应用陈述句语序，即引导词+主语+谓语动词+其他，因此排除B、D项；主句谓语动词为一般现在时，因此从句可根据实际需要用任意时态，结合语境可知，故宫已经参观过了，因此应用一般过去时。故选C。 25．— Kate, I’m going to a party tonight. Could you please tell me ________? —With pleasure. Wait a moment, please. A．how I can order a taxi online B．that I should take some flowers C．what should I pay attention to D．if the skirt looks nice on me 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Kate，我今晚要去参加一个聚会。你能告诉我如何在网上叫出租车吗？——我很乐意。请稍等。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除C选项；Could you please tell me后不接that引导的从句，排除B选项；根据回答“With pleasure”可知是在请求帮助而不是询问意见，A项“我如何网上叫出租车”符合，故选A。 26．The teacher asked the students ________. A．that they had planted trees B．when was Spud Webb born C．what they will do with the computers D．if they were interested in dinosaurs 【答案】D 【详解】句意：老师问学生们是否对恐龙感兴趣。 考查宾语从句的语序及时态。宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除B；根据asked，可知主句是一般过去时，从句也应该相应用过去时形式，排除C；ask含有疑问的语气，用if引导。故选D。 27．—What did the manager say after the meeting?    —She asked me ________. A．how did I deal with the problem B．if can I finish the work on time C．what I do for the yesterday’s project D．why I was late for the meeting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——会议结束后经理问了你什么？——她问我开会为什么迟到了。 考查宾语从句。根据答语“She asked me”可知，该句是宾语从句，主句是过去时，从句也应该是过去时，排除C选项；宾语从句应该使用陈述语序，排除选项A，B。故选D。 28．—The novel The Little Prince is very interesting. Many students enjoy reading it. —So it is. Could you tell me ________? A．how long I can borrow it B．if I can keep it for another week C．when should I return it D．whether I could borrow it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——《小王子》这本小说很有趣。许多学生喜欢读它。  ——没错。你能告诉我是否可以再借一个星期吗？ 考查宾语从句语序及时态。how long I can borrow it我可以借多久；if I can keep it for another week是否我能再借一个星期；when should I return it我应该什么时候还；whether I could borrow it我是否能借它。特殊疑问句变宾语从句时，语序应用陈述句语序，其结构为“特殊疑问词+陈述句语序”，故排除C；且选项A中“borrow借”为瞬间动词，不能与一段时间“how long多久”连用，故排除A；问句“Could you tell me…”表示委婉的语气，再结合语境可知，该宾语从句中的时态应为一般现在时，故排除D。故选B。 29．—I ordered a pair of new jeans online and I wonder ________.  —In two days? Maybe not until next week. A．how soon can they be sent to me here B．when they could be sent to me here C．when could they be sent to me here D．how soon they can be sent to me here 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我在网上订购了一条新牛仔裤，我想知道何时能送到我这里。——两天后？也许要到下周。 考查宾语从句用法。根据“I wonder...”可知，空处为宾语从句，需陈述句式，故排除选项A和C；根据“In two days.”可知，需How soon为宾语从句引导词，表示“多久”，常用于将来时。故选D。 30．It’s a pity that I missed the fourth Tiangong Class! Could you tell me ________? A．how long did the class last B．which country are they from C．which channel was it covered live D．who was the teacher this time 【答案】D 【详解】句意：很遗憾，我错过了第四次天宫课堂！你能告诉我这次的老师是谁吗？ 考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me”并结合选项可知，此处考查宾语从句，从句应使用陈述句语序，故排除A、B、C；D项中who作从句的主语，was是系动词，the teacher作表语，符合陈述句语序。故选D。 31．We should remember those ________ lost their lives for our country. A．who B．whom C．which D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该记住那些为国捐躯的人。 考查定语从句。who谁，先行词为人，在句中充当主语、宾语和表语；whom谁，先行词为人，在句中充当宾语；which哪一个，先行词为物，在句中充当主语、宾语和表语；what不能引导定语从句。根据“We should remember those … lost their lives for our country.”可知，空格处为定语从句引导词，故排除选项D；此先行词“those”指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who来引导。故选A。 32．Black asked me, “Why haven’t you left here yet?” Black asked me why ________ yet. A．I hadn’t left there B．I haven’t left here C．hadn’t I left there D．haven’t I left here 【答案】A 【详解】句意：布莱克问我，“你为什么还没有离开这里？” 考查直接引语和间接引语。“Black asked me why … yet.”是宾语从句，主句用一般过去时，从句也要用相应的过去时态；原直接引语“Why haven’t you left here yet?”的时态为现在完成时，故变间接引语要用过去完成时，排除B、D项；宾语从句中从句语序是陈述句语序。故选A。 33．She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time?” She asked whose house ________ break into ________. A．will he；next time B．would he；the next time C．he would；the next time D．he will；next time 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她问：“下次他会闯入谁家？” 考查间接引语。根据英语语法，宾语从句应用陈述句语序，A、B选项可排除。根据主过从必过的原则，主句为一般过去时，从句时态也应用过去时的一种。故选C。 34．—Excuse me, do you know _________ some medicine? —Sure. In that supermarket. A．where I can buy B．where can I buy C．how I can buy D．how can I buy 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你知道我在哪里可以买到药吗？——当然。在那家超市里。 考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除BD；根据“In that supermarket.”可知此处询问在哪里买药，用where引导宾语从句。故选A。 35．—Do you know ______? —Oh, he was short and thin, but he is different now. A．what he used to look like B．what did he use to look like C．what does he look like D．what he look like 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道他过去长什么样子吗？——哦，他过去又矮又瘦，但是现在不一样了。 考查宾语从句。根据答句“he was short and thin, but he is different now.”可知，上文询问的是过去的长相，故用used to表示“过去怎么样”，排除CD选项；根据问句，此处宾语从句应该用陈述语序，排除B选项。故选A。 36．—Hi, Zhang Ke. I want to know ________. —You can help to hand out some notices. A．when School Day is B．who can come to School Day C．why we hold School Day D．what I can do for School Day 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——嗨，张珂。我想知道我在校庆当天能做些什么。——你可以帮忙分发一些通知。 考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，根据“You can help to hand out some notices.”可知此处询问可以做些什么，用what引导宾语从句。故选D。 37．—Mr. Wang, can you tell me ________? —Because she has gone abroad for further study. A．when Millie came back B．where does Millie live C．why Millie isn’t here D．what Millie is doing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——王先生，你能告诉我为什么米莉不在这里吗？——因为她出国深造了。 考查宾语从句。when Millie came back米莉什么时候回来；where does Millie live米莉住在哪里；why Millie isn’t here为什么米莉不在这里；what Millie is doing米莉正在做什么。根据答句“Because she has gone abroad for further study.”可知，问句是在询问米莉不在这里的原因，故选C。 38．—Could you please tell me ________ buy a magazine? —There is a bookstore on the third floor. A．how I can B．which I can C．when I can D．where I can 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我哪里可以买到杂志吗？——三楼有一家书店。 考查宾语从句的引导词。how如何；which哪一个；when什么时候；where哪里。根据“There is a bookstore on the third floor.”可知此处询问在哪里可以买到杂志，用where引导宾语从句。故选D。 39．—Hi, Alexia. Here is a letter for you. —Thanks. I wonder ________. A．where was the letter from B．why someone will know my address C．whether the letter was from my pen pal D．how did you get the letter 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——嗨，Alexia。这有一封你的信。——谢谢。我想知道这封信是否来自我的笔友。 考查宾语从句。根据“I wonder...”可知，宾语从句需要用陈述句语序，A项和D项均为疑问句语序，B项意思不符合语境。故选C。 40．Can you imagine ________ life would be like without the internet? A．what B．when C．how D．whether 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能想象没有互联网生活会是什么样子吗？ 考查宾语从句。what什么；when什么时候；how怎么；whether是否。imagine后接宾语从句，从句中的like意为“像”，是介词，填入的词作其宾语，表达“……的样子”，“what life would be like”意为“生活会是什么样子”，符合语境。故选A。 41．The boy with ________ John is talking is my elder brother. A．whom B．who C．that D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：和约翰说话的那个男孩是我哥哥。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是The boy，关系词在从句中作介词with的宾语，用此处用whom引导定语从句。故选A。 42．Mike is a friendly boy ________ likes to go out and meet new people all the time. A．who B．which C．what D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Mike是一个友好的男孩，总是喜欢出去认识新朋友。 考查定语从句关系词。who关系代词，指代人，在从句中作主语；which关系代词，指代物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；when关系副词，指代时间，在从句中作状语。句子先行词是“boy”，指代人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句，故选A。 43．—What kind of writer do you like ? —I like writers ________ explain things well. A．who B．whom C．whose D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么样的作家？——我喜欢能很好地解释事物的作家。 考查定语从句引导词。who谁，先行词是人，在定语从句中充当主语；whom谁，先行词是人，在定语从句中充当宾语；whose谁的，先行词是人或物，在定语从句中充当定语；what不能引导定语从句。空格处到well位于名词writers后，此句为定语从句。先行词为writers“作家”，且空格处在从句中位于动词explain前作主语。故选A。 44．—What kind of music do you like, Cindy? —Well, I prefer music ________ has great lyrics. A．what B．who C．how D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Cindy，你喜欢什么类型的音乐？——嗯，我更喜欢歌词优美的音乐。 考查定语从句引导词。根据“I prefer music ... has great lyrics.”可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是music，且在从句中作主语，用that/which引导定语从句。故选D。 45．—Hi, Tony. Don’t you remember me? —Yes, Scott. I will never forget the day ________ we spent in the old town with small houses. A．who B．when C．what D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——嗨，托尼。你不记得我了吗？——是的，斯科特。我永远不会忘记我们在老城区小房子里度过的那一天。 考查定语从句。who指人，引导定语从句时，在句子中作主语或宾语；when指时间，引导定语从句时，在句子中作状语；what什么，不能引导定语从句；that引导定语从句时，先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。先行词是“the day”，在定语从句中作“spent”的宾语，因此使用关系代词“that”来引导定语从句。故选D。 46．Li Ming says he loves singers ______ their own music. A．which write B．that writes C．who write D．who writes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：李明说他喜欢自己创作音乐的歌手。 考查定语从句和主谓一致。分析句子可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是singers，关系词在从句中作主语，用who/that引导定语从句，此处关系词指代singers，在从句中作主语，谓语动词用原形。故选C。 47．—What’s on TV now? —The remains of 25 Chinese soldiers ________ died in the 1950-1953 Korean War arrive back their motherland. It is covered live. A．which B．who C．what D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——电视上现在在播什么？——在1950年至1953年朝鲜战争中牺牲的25名中国军人的遗骸回到祖国。正在进行现场直播。 考查定语从句。先行词是“soldiers”，指人，定语从句中缺少主语成分，因此用关系代词“who”引导。故选B。 48．—Your father’s birthday is coming soon, Liu Tao. What’s your surprise for your father? —The first thing ________ I will do is to make a card for him. A．who B．where C．whose D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——刘涛，你父亲的生日快到了。你打算给父亲什么惊喜？——我要做的第一件事就是为他做一张卡片。 考查定语从句的关系词。who关系代词，代指人；where关系代词，代指地点；whose关系代词，谁的；that关系代词，代指人或物。根据“The first thing”可知，先行词被序数词修饰，在从句中作宾语，所以关系代词用that。故选D。 49．Jackie Chan is an actor ________ is famous for his Chinese kung fu in the action movies. A．which B．whom C．whose D．who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：成龙是一位以动作片中的中国功夫而闻名的演员。 考查关系代词。which先行词是物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom先行词是人，在从句中作宾语；whose用来指人或物，用作定语；who先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语。句子主语是“Jackie Chan”，后面的定语从句需要一个关系代词来引导，指代“Jackie Chan”并在从句中作主语，故用“who”合适。故选D。 50．The nurse ________ is looking after the old man is Tom’s sister. A．which B．who C．what D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：正在照顾那位老人的护士是汤姆的妹妹。 考查限制性定语从句关系词。which关系代词，先行词是物，且在从句中作主语、宾语；who关系代词，先行词是人，且在从句中作主语；what什么，不能引导定语从句；whom关系代词，先行词是人，在定语从句中作宾语。根据题干可知从句的先行词是“The nurse”，指人，且在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导定语从句。故选B。 二、进阶题 1．—Hi, Mike! Would you like to go boating with me? —Yes, I’d love to, ________ I have to finish my science project first. A．and B．or C．but D．for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——嗨，Mike！你愿意和我一起去划船吗？——是的，我愿意，但是我必须先完成我的科学项目。 考查连词辨析。and和，表并列；or或者，表选择；but但是，表转折；for因为，表原因。根据“Yes, I’d love to”和“I have to finish my science project first”可知，前后为转折关系，故选C。 2．He has failed many times, ________ he never loses heart. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他失败了很多次，但他从未灰心。 考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；or或者；so因此。前后句之间是转折关系，需用转折连词but。故选B。 3．I love cola and hamburgers, ________ they are not healthy. A．or B．so C．but D．and 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我喜欢可乐和汉堡包，但它们不健康。 考查连词。or或者；so因此；but但是；and和；空格前后句之间是转折关系，应用but连接，故选C。 4．Study harder, ________ you won't catch up with your classmates. A．or B．for C．since D．although 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你要更加努力学习，否则你将不能赶上你的同学。 考查连词。or或者，否则；for因为；since自从，由于；although尽管，虽然。根据句意可知，这里表示“否则不能赶上同学”，故选A。 5．We will never see Kobe play another basketball game, ________we will always remember him. A．because B．unless C．but D．if 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们再也看不到科比再打篮球了，但我们会永远记住他。 考查连词。because因为；unless除非；but但是，表转折；if如果。根据句意前后两句表示转折关系，故选C。 6．一What's the secret of success, Dr. Know?         一 More time and effort, _________ you’ll make it some day. A．yet B．or C．and D．but 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——成功的秘诀是什么，Know博士?——再多花些时间和精力，总有一天你会成功的。考查固定结构。yet还；or否则；and和；but但是。本题是固定句型“祈使句，+ and/or +陈述句”结构，当前后分句为承接关系时用and，关系相反时用or；相当于if条件句，陈述句需用一般将来时。根据句意语境，可知本句前后是承接关系，故选C。 7．The film seems interesting ______ we all want to see it. A．and B．but C．unless D．if 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个电影好像有趣，我们都想看它。根据and和，表示并列； but但是， unless除非，if是否，如果；根据The film seems interesting和we all want to see it之间是并列关系；故选A。 8．It was raining heavily, ________ we decided to stay at home and watch TV. A．but B．or C．because D．so 【答案】D 【详解】句意：因为雨下得很大，所以我们决定待在家里看电视。 考查连词的用法。A. but 但是；B. or 或者； C. because 因为； D. so所以。结合句意， It was raining heavily是原因，we decided to stay at home and watch TV.是结果，故此处用连词so，引导结果状语。故选D。 9．Thanks for repairing my computer, ________ I will miss the online meeting. A．if B．after C．unless D．or 【答案】D 【详解】句意：谢谢你帮我修电脑，否则我会错过网上会议的。 考查连词辨析。if如果；after在……之后；unless除非；or否则。由“Thanks for repairing my computer”和“I will miss the online meeting”可知，修理电脑避免了错过会议，此处应用or强调不修理的后果。故选D。 10．The view from the top of Mount Lu is amazing, ________ it draws many tourists every year. A．when B．if C．so D．but 【答案】C 【详解】句意：庐山山顶的景色令人惊叹，所以每年都吸引了许多游客。 考查连词辨析。when当……时候，引导时间状语从句；if如果，引导条件状语从句；so所以，表因果关系；but但是，表转折关系。根据“The view from the top of Mount Lu is amazing...it draws many tourists every year.”可知，句中表述庐山山顶景色令人惊叹，“因此”每年吸引很多游客，前后是因果关系。故选C。 11．Practice more, ________ you’ll do better in playing the piano. A．but B．or C．because D．and 【答案】D 【详解】句意：多练习，那么你将更擅长弹钢琴。 考查连词辨析。but但是；or或者；because因为；and那么。根据“Practice more”和“you’ll do better in playing the piano”可知，前后两个分句之间为递进关系，所以，and符合题意。故选D。 12．I have a basketball, ________ my brother doesn’t. A．but B．and C．so D．or 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我有一个篮球，但我的弟弟没有。 考查连词辨析。but但是；and和；so因此；or或者。“I have a basketball,”与“my brother doesn’t”是转折关系，故选A。 13．Tina is good at swimming, _________ she can’t play football. A．so B．because C．but D．or 【答案】C 【详解】句意：蒂娜擅长游泳，但她不会踢足球。 考查连词辨析。so所以，表示因果关系；because因为，引导原因状语从句；but但是，表转折；or或者，表选择。根据“Tina is good at swimming, ... she can’t play football.”可知，前后是转折关系，因此用but。故选C。 14．I usually drink coffee in the morning, ________ today I feel like drinking tea. A．and B．but C．so D．or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我通常早上喝咖啡，但今天我想喝茶。 考查并列连词辨析。and和，又；but但是；so因此；or或者。根据“I usually drink coffee in the morning…today I feel like drinking tea.”可知，此处指的是我通常早上喝咖啡，今天早上想喝茶，空格前后句子为转折关系。but“但是”，并列连词表转折，符合语境。故选B。 15．English is my favourite subject, ________ my brother doesn’t like it. A．but B．because C．so D．and 【答案】A 【详解】句意：英语是我最喜欢的科目，但我哥哥不喜欢它。 考查连词辨析。but但是；because因为；so所以；and然后，和。分析题干，前后句表示转折关系，应用but修饰，意为“但是”。故选A。 16．In Journey to the West, my favourite character is Wukong ________ keeps fighting to help the weak. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在《西游记》中，我最喜欢的角色是悟空，他不断战斗来帮助弱者。 who谁；whom谁；whose谁的；which哪一个。先行词是Wukong，指人，且关系代词在从句中作主语，应用who。 17．________ you’ve finished your homework, you may go out and play. A．Since B．Before C．Unless D．Although 【答案】A 【详解】句意：既然你完成了作业，你就可以出去玩。 考查连词辨析。Since既然；Before在……之前；Unless除非；Although虽然。根据“you’ve finished your homework, you may go out and play.”可知是指既然完成了作业，就可以出去玩了。故选A。 18．—My parents will give me a red packet after my graduation! —I wonder ________. A．how much money have you got B．what you bought with the money C．if you will give it to your parents D．that you will deal with the money 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我毕业后父母会给我一个红包！——我想知道你是否会把它交给你的父母。 考查宾语从句。how much money have you got，语法错误，在宾语从句中，应使用陈述句语序；what you bought with the money，时态错误，根据“My parents will give me a red packet after my graduation!”可知，钱尚未收到，因此不能用过去时；that you will deal with the money，引导词错误，此处应表示“想知道如何处理钱”，应用how引导；C项符合，此处表示好奇对方是否会把红包给父母。故选C。 19．—Excuse me, how long will it take me to get to the post office? —Well, it depends on ________. A．how you will get there B．when you will get there C．where you will get D．how will you get there 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，我到邮局要多久？——这取决于你怎么去那里。 考查宾语从句的语序及引导词。how you will get there你怎么去那里，陈述语序；when you will get there你什么时候到那里，陈述句，询问时间；where you will get结构不完整；how will you get there你怎么去那里，疑问语序。根据“how long will it take me to get to the post office...it depends on...”可知此处用宾语从句，需用陈述语序（结构：主语+谓语），根据语境可知要用表示方式的特殊疑问词how引导从句。故选A。 20．The story ________ my grandfather told me about Qian Xuesen is touching. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我祖父告诉我的关于钱学森的故事很感人。 考查定语从句关系代词。who指代人，在句中作主语；whom指代人，在句中作宾语；whose表示所属关系，在句中作定语；which指代事物，在句中作主语或宾语。根据“The story... mygrand father told me about Qian Xuesen...”可知，先行词是“story”故事，指代事物，且从句中缺少宾语，故选D。 21．—That sounds interesting! May I ask ________ to see the changes? —Well, it depends. Some people take a while, and some others take forever. A．how much will it cost B．how long will it take C．how much it will cost D．how long it will take 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——听起来很有趣！请问需要多长时间才能看到变化？——嗯，这要看情况。有些人需要一段时间，有些人则需要一辈子。 考查特殊疑问词及宾语从句。how much多少钱；how long多长时间。根据“Some people take a while, and some others take for ever.”可知，此处询问花费时间的长短，用how long引导宾语从句，且宾语从句需要用陈述语序。故选D。 22．—Daniel, I want to read the book Journey to the West. But I don’t know ________. —You can try Nantong Library. A．how I can get one B．what I should take with me C．when I can borrow one D．if I can take Underground Line 1 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——丹尼尔，我想读《西游记》这本书。但我不知道怎样才能弄到一本。——你可以去南通图书馆试试。 考查宾语从句。how I can get one我怎样才能得到一本；what I should take with me我该带些什么；when I can borrow one我什么时候能借到一本；if I can take Underground Line 1我是否能乘坐地铁1号线。根据答语“You can try Nantong Library.”可知，此处对方是提问怎样得到这本书，故选A。 23．—Could you tell me ________ two 30-minute breaks every day? —They help us stay healthy and energetic. A．why we have B．what we do during C．why do we have D．what do we do during 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我为什么我们每天有两次30分钟的休息时间吗？——它们帮助我们保持健康和精力充沛。 考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me”及选项可知，空处是宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除C、D选项；根据“They help us stay healthy and energetic.”可知，空处是询问每天有两次30分钟的休息时间的原因，用why引导宾语从句。故选A。 24．— Excuse me, could you tell me ______? — It usually opens at nine o’clock. A．how I can get to the bank B．where the bank is C．how far the bank is D．when the bank opens 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我银行什么时候开门吗？——它通常九点开门。 考查宾语从句。how I can get to the bank我如何到达银行；where the bank is银行在哪里；how far the bank is银行有多远；when the bank opens银行什么时候开门。根据答语“It usually opens at nine o’clock.”可知，此处询问银行开门的时间，所以应该用when引导宾语从句。故选D。 25．This old saying “Think twice before acting.” tells us ________. A．how should we take action B．when should we think carefully C．what we should do before making a decision D．why we should think carefully before acting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：俗语“三思而后行。”告诉我们在做决定之前应该做什么。 考查宾语从句。how should we take action我们应该如何采取行动；when should we think carefully我们何时应该仔细考虑；what we should do before making a decision在做出决定之前我们应该做些什么；why we should think carefully before acting为什么我们在行动之前应该深思熟虑。宾语从句的语序应该用陈述语序，排除B；根据“Think twice before acting.”可知，“三思而后行”说明在行动前要反复思考，所以C选项“在做决定之前我们应该做什么”符合。故选C。 26．Mr. Smith has just given us a speech ________ was about developing reading skills. A．which B．what C．whom D．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：史密斯先生刚刚给我们做了一个关于培养阅读技巧的演讲。 考查定语从句。which哪一个，指代物；what什么，不引导定语从句；whom谁，宾格，指代人；who谁，主格，指代人。先行词speech指物，因此选择关系代词which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代speech。故选A。 27．We should keep our hearts open ________ we can find more and more chances to get to know more people and their cultures. A．so that B．as soon as C．as long as D．even though 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应保持开放的心态，以便能找到更多机会去了解更多的人和他们的文化。 考查连词辨析。so that以便，为了；as soon as一……就……；as long as只要；even though尽管。根据“we can find more and more chances to get to know more people and their cultures.”可知，这句话是保持开放心态的目的，应用so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。 28．—Amy recently won a prize from the Help Save Our Society. Can you guess ________? —It’s said that she built a house out of rubbish. A．what did she do B．what she did C．what does she do D．what she does 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——艾米最近获得了“帮助拯救我们的社会”奖。你能猜猜她做了什么吗？——据说她用垃圾建了一座房子。 考查宾语从句。根据“Can you guess”可知，此处是宾语从句，宾语从句需用陈述句语序（主语+谓语），排除A、C两项（疑问语序）。根据答句“built”可知，此处询问过去的行为，应为一般过去时。故选B。 29．— Linda, do you know ________ for the school trip this term? — Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum. A．where we are going B．where we went C．where are we going D．where did we go 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——琳达，你知道这学期我们学校旅行要去哪里吗？——是的。我们要去首都博物馆。 考查宾语从句。根据“do you know...for the school trip this term”可知，空处填入的是宾语从句，用陈述句序，因此排除选项C和D（均为疑问语序）；结合回答“We are going to the Capital Museum.”可知，此时宾语从句用一般将来时，排除选项B（为一般过去时）。故选A。 30．—David, what’s the meaning of “A promise is a promise”? —It tells us ________. A．what promise we must keep B．when do we make a promise C．why should we make a promise D．how important keeping a promise is 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——大卫，“承诺就是承诺”是什么意思？——它告诉我们信守诺言是多么重要。 考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除BC；根据“A promise is a promise”可知，“承诺就是承诺”告诉我们信守诺言很重要，用how引导宾语从句。故选D。 3 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 重难05 并列句、宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句 内容导航 第一部分 重难考向解读 拆解核心难点，明确备考要点 核心模块 重难考向 考法解读/考向预测 第二部分 重难要点剖析 精解核心要点，点拨解题技巧 要点梳理 典例验知 技巧点拨 类题夯基 考向01 并列句 考向02 宾语从句 考向03 状语从句 考向04 定语从句 第三部分 重难提分必刷 靶向突破难点，精练稳步进阶 重●难●考●向●解●读 重难考向 考法解读/预测 考向01 并列句 断句分析： 先找出主句和从句的分界点，判断是从句还是并列句。 成分缺失检查： 若是宾语从句，重点查陈述语序。 若是定语从句，看先行词是人还是物，以及从句缺什么成分。 若是状语从句，代入连词翻译，看逻辑（时间/条件/因果）是否通顺。 时态验证： 检查是否符合“主将从现”或“时态呼应”规则。 排除干扰： 警惕 although...but... 和 because...so... 的连用错误。 考向02 宾语从句 考向03 状语从句 考向02 定语从句 重●难●要●点●剖●析 考向01 并列连词与并列句 要点梳理 核心一、表并列 1、and(和；有；并且)连接两个或两个以上并列的单词、短语或句子。 2、both...and...(两者都)连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 3、or(和)表并列时，用于否定句。 4、not only...but also...(不仅......而且......)连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近原则”。 5、neither...nor...(既不......也不......)连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近原则”。 6、as well as(也；和；而且)连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由第一个主语决定，即遵循“就远原则”。 核心二、表转折 1、but (但是) 在同一个句子当中，although/though与but不能同时使用。not...but...意思为“不是......而是......” 2、yet (然而；但是)表示转折。 3、while (然而；而)常连接内容和结构对称的两个部分，表示对比。 核心三、表因果 1、so(所以) 在同一个句子当中，because与so不能同时使用。 2、for(因为)对前一分句加以解释或者补充说明，常用逗号与前一句隔开 核心四、表选择 1、or(或者；还是) 2、either...or...(或者......或者......) 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近原则”。 典例验知 1．（25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·月考）We should wear warm clothes when going out in winter, ________ we may catch a cold. A．so B．or C．and D．but 2．（2025九年级上·江苏南通·专题练习）The new energy car runs on electricity, ________ it doesn’t produce harmful gases. A．because B．so C．but D．although 3．（25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）It may not work on everyone, ________ it may work on you. A．and B．but C．or D．so 技巧点拨 第一步：分析句子结构 确认是否为两个完整的简单句？如果是，中间需要连词。 是否有“祈使句 + , + ______ + 陈述句”结构？若有，锁定 and 或 or。 第二步：判断逻辑关系（关键词法） 同向/顺承： 前后情感色彩一致，动作连续 → 选 and。 反向/转折： 前后意思对立，出现 however, although (虽不连用但暗示语境) → 选 but。 选择/否定/否则： 出现 either..., 否定句, 或警告语气 → 选 or。 因果： 前因后果 → 选 so；补充原因 → 选 for。 第三步：排除干扰项 检查是否犯了“双连词”错误（如同时出现 because...so... 或 although...but...）。 检查否定句中是否误用了 and（应改为 or）。 易错点提醒 Both... and... (两者都) vs Either... or... (或者...或者...) vs Neither... nor... (既不...也不...)。 考查主谓一致时遵循“就近原则”的是：Either... or..., Neither... nor..., Not only... but also...。 Both... and... 作主语时，谓语动词永远用复数。 Not only... but also...：不仅……而且……。连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。 类题夯基 1．（25-26九年级上·江苏南通·月考）—Are people in Internet companies complaining about long working hours? —Yes. They make great contributions to IT industry, ________ they can’t achieve a balance between life and work. A．or B．if C．but D．since 2．（25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·月考）—Put it in a safe place ________ you may lose it again. —All right. A．and B．or C．but D．so 3．（25-26九年级上·江苏连云港·月考）Life is like a one-way race, ________ enjoy every moment as time flies and never comes back. A．and B．but C．so D．or 4．（25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考）It’s windy outside. Put on your coat, ________ you may catch a cold. A．and B．but C．so D．or 5．（25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）We didn’t have enough chairs, ____ some of the students had to sit on the floor. A．so B．but C．or D．and 考向02 宾语从句 要点梳理 引导词分三类，需根据句意和句式选择： 1.that：无词义，不充当句子成分，仅起连接作用，口语/非正式文体中可省略。 I hope (that it will snow this winter 我希望今年冬天会下雪。 I believe (that) we shall become good friends.我相信我们会成为好朋友。 2.if/whether：均表“是否”，不充当句子成分；仅用whether的情况：句末有or not、介词后、to do前。 He does not know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not. 他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。 He asks whether / if we will go fishing on Sunday, 他问周日我们是否会去钓鱼。 3.WH-疑问词（what/who/where/when/why/how等）：需在从句中充当成分（主语、宾语、状语等），根据句意选择。 They couldn't believe what they heard on the news.他们简直不敢相信从新闻中听到的消息。 Could you please tell me what time the train leaves?你能告诉我火车什么时候出发吗？ The old man doesn’t remember who I am.老人不记得我是谁了。 典例验知 1．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________, sir? —Sure. It creates music in your own style. A．if the AI app is expensive B．where the AI app was developed C．when the AI app came into use D．what the AI app can do 2．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）—Could you help me plan a day out in Lianyungang? —You can try Donghai Crystal (水晶) Museum. There you can learn ________. A．whether crystal is formed B．how crystal is formed C．whether is crystal formed D．how is crystal formed 3．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）—I’m very hungry, Amy. Do you know ________? —Of course! I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there. A．where we can get some food quickly B．where can we get some food quickly C．when we can get some food quickly D．when can we get some food quickly 技巧点拨 核心：先判引导词，再查语序，最后验时态，三步锁定正确答案。 第一步：牢记 “陈述语序” 原则宾语从句必须用主语在前、谓语在后的陈述语序，排除疑问语序（如助动词 / 系动词提前、倒装结构）。 第二步：判断引导词类型 表 “是否”：用 if/whether，后接陈述语序。 表 “疑问内容”：用 what/who/where/when/how/why，后接陈述语序。 句意完整无疑问：用 that（可省略），后接陈述语序。 第三步：快速排除选项中疑问语序、主谓不一致、引导词多余的错误选项，结合句意和时态验证。 一句话速记：引导词放句首，后跟陈述语序，疑问语序全排除。 类题夯基 1．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）—My parents will give me a red packet after my graduation! —I wonder ________. A．how much money have you got B．what you bought with the money C．if you will give it to your parents D．that you will deal with the money 2．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）—That sounds interesting! May I ask ________ to see the changes? —Well, it depends. Some people take a while, and some others take forever. A．how much will it cost B．how long will it take C．how much it will cost D．how long it will take 3．（2025·江苏南通·中考真题）—Daniel, I want to read the book Journey to the West. But I don’t know ________. —You can try Nantong Library. A．how I can get one B．what I should take with me C．when I can borrow one D．if I can take Underground Line 1 4．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________ two 30-minute breaks every day? —They help us stay healthy and energetic. A．why we have B．what we do during C．why do we have D．what do we do during 5．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）— Excuse me, could you tell me ______? — It usually opens at nine o’clock. A．how I can get to the bank B．where the bank is C．how far the bank is D．when the bank opens 考向03 状语从句 要点梳理 连词 引导的状语从句 用法 ①before（在·······之前） ②after（在·······之后） ③when（当······的时候） ④whenever（无论何时；每当） ⑤while（当······的时候） ⑥until（直到） ⑦since（自从······） ⑧as（当······时） ⑨once（一旦） ⑩as soon as（-······就······） 时间状语从句 （1）until 常用于“not...until...”结构中，意为“直到·····才······”。 （2）在since引导的时间状语从句中，主句多用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 ①because（因为） ②since（因为；既然） ③as（由于，因为） 原因状语从句 1）because 表示原因的语气最强，常回答why提出的问题，不能和so同时使用。 （2）since表示显然的或已为人知的理由，语气比because弱，但比as强。 ①if（如果）， ②unless（除非；如果不） ③as long as（只要） 条件状语从句 一般情况下，unless可以与if...not互换使用。 ①although（虽然，尽管） ②though（虽然，尽管） ③even if/though（即使） 让步状语从句 although 与though一般可互换使用，但although 更为正式。 ①so...that.... （如此·······以至于······） ②such...that... （如此·······以至于······） 结果状语从句 （1）so修饰形容词或副词： ①s o + a d j .( + a / a n + 可数名词单数）＋that... ②so+ a d j ./ a d v . + t h a t . . （2）such修饰名词： s u c h ( + a / a n ) + a d j . + n .+that... ①so that（以便，为了）， ②in order that（为了） 目的状语从句 目的状语从句的谓语动词前一般都有情态动词，如can，will，could，would等。 典例验知 1．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）Practice is very important. You will forget the new words ______ you often use them. A．when B．unless C．if D．until 2．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Everyone loves my dog Coffee, ________ he often makes a mess at home. A．until B．since C．though D．whether 3．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）________ you are too tired to do all the things on your To-Do list, try a To-Don’t list. A．If B．Until C．Although D．Unless 技巧点拨 一、核心原则：抓引导词，辨逻辑，对时态 时间状语从句的解题核心是通过引导词判断逻辑关系，结合 “主将从现” 等时态规则匹配选项，排除语法错误和逻辑矛盾项。 二、解题步骤（三步走） 1. 辨引导词，定逻辑关系 2. 用 “主将从现”，定时态规则 3. 排干扰项，避易错点 三、速记口诀 时间状语看引导，逻辑关系先辨清； 主将从现是准则，时态一致莫忘记； while 接延续动作，引导词错不选； 陈述语序记心间，干扰选项快速排。 类题夯基 1．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）________ it may not work on everyone, it may work on you. A．Though B．But C．Because D．Since 2．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）The wind power of our country develops more quickly ________ we push for green energy. A．though B．before C．as D．until 3．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）________ over 400 million adults are too heavy, China has made a plan to help its people with weight control. A．Since B．Unless C．Though D．Until 4．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）________ the zoo is far from my city, I still want to see the giant pandas in it. A．Because B．Since C．Before D．Although 5．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Technology can be of great help ________ we make an effort to control it and use it right. A．if B．before C．though D．until 考向04 定语从句 要点梳理 一、.关系代词的用法 关系代词 所指先行词 在从句中充当的成分 例句 例句翻译与解析 who 人 主语 The woman who lives next door is a doctor. 住在我隔壁的那位女士是医生。（解析： who  指代  the woman ，在从句  who lives next door  中充当主语。） 宾语 (口语/非正式) The man (who) I saw yesterday was her brother. 我昨天看到的那个男人是她的哥哥。（解析： who  指代  the man ，在从句  I saw who  中充当动词  saw  的宾语，此处可以省略。） whom 人 宾语 (动词宾语) The professor whom we respect is giving a talk. 我们尊敬的那位教授将做一个讲座。（解析： whom  指代  the professor ，在从句  we respect whom  中充当动词  respect  的宾语。） 宾语 (介词宾语) She is the person to whom I owe my thanks. 她是我要感谢的人。（解析： whom  指代  the person ，在介词  to  后充当宾语，构成介词短语  to whom 。） whose 人或物 定语 (表所属) The student whose project won the award is over there. 项目获奖的那位学生就在那边。（解析： whose  指代  the student‘s ，在从句中作定语，修饰主语  project 。） We visited the city whose history fascinates us. 我们游览了那座历史令我们着迷的城市。（解析： whose  指代  the city‘s ，在从句中作定语，修饰主语  history 。） which 物或动物 主语 The phone which is on the table is mine. 桌上的那部手机是我的。（解析： which  指代  the phone ，在从句  which is on the table  中充当主语。） 宾语 The ideas (which) he proposed were innovative. 他提出的那些想法很有创新性。（解析： which  指代  the ideas ，在从句  he proposed which  中充当动词  proposed  的宾语，此处可以省略。） that 人或物 主语 (指人) The girl that won the race is my classmate. 赢得比赛的那个女孩是我的同学。（解析： that  指代  the girl ，在从句中充当主语。） 主语 (指物) Everything that happens has a cause. 发生的每件事都有原因。（解析： that  指代  everything ，在从句中充当主语。） 宾语 (指人) Is he the man (that) you told me about? 他就是你跟我提过的那个人吗？（解析： that  指代  the man ，在从句  you told me about that  中充当介词  about  的宾语，此处可以省略。） 宾语 (指物) The book (that) I’m reading is fascinating. 我正在读的那本书非常有趣。（解析： that  指代  the book ，在从句  I’m reading that  中充当动词  reading  的宾语，此处可以省略。） 二.关系代词的用法 1、when：指时间，先行词是 time, day, year, moment 等时间名词，在从句中作时间状语 = on/in/at/during which I will never forget the day when I first came to this school. （我永远不会忘记我第一次来到这所学校的那天。） = I will never forget the day on which I first came to this school. 2、where：指地点，先行词是 place, city, room, country 等地点名词，在从句中作地点状语 = in/at/on which This is the house where I was born. （这就是我出生的房子。） = This is the house in which I was born. 3、why:指原因，先行词只有 reason，在从句中作原因状语 = for which The reason why he was late is not clear. （他迟到的原因不清楚。） = The reason for which he was late is not clear. 典例验知 5．（25-26九年级上·江苏常州·月考）I like the cartoon ________ has a happy ending and makes me ________. A．which; to laugh B．whose; to laugh C．whose; laughing D．which; laugh 7．（25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）In our life, there is always a person, a book, or an experience ________ shapes our way of thinking and helps us grow. A．who B．what C．where D．that 8．（25-26九年级上·江苏徐州·期末）Orange is a warm colour _________ represents joy. A．what B．who C．where D．which 技巧点拨 1. 关系代词和关系副词的用法：区分 who、whom、which、that、whose 等关系代词以及 when、where、why 等关系副词的用法，根据先行词在从句中充当的成分来选择正确的引导词。 2. 限定性与非限定性定语从句：掌握两者的区别，如非限定性定语从句中关系词不能用 that，且与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，其意义和作用与限定性定语从句有所不同。 3. 先行词的判断：准确找出定语从句所修饰的先行词，尤其当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词、the only 等修饰时，关系代词的选择有特殊要求。 4. “介词 + 关系代词” 结构：理解和掌握常见的 “介词 + 关系代词” 的用法，如 in which、on which、for which 等，以及如何根据先行词和从句中的动词搭配来确定介词。 类题夯基 1．（2026·江苏南通·模拟预测）According to the survey, women ________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than ________ who don’t. A．who; that B．/; these C．who; those D．/; that 2．（25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·月考）Some drivers drive ________ fast that they make people ________ are trying to cross the street afraid. A．too; who B．so; which C．so; who D．such; that 3．（25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考）This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen in the last five years. A．which B．that C．who D．/ 4．（25-26九年级上·江苏常州·月考）—Do you know everybody ________ came to the club? —No, I don’t know the one ________ you had a long talk with near the door. A．who; / B．whose; that C．that; which D．/; whom 5．（2026九年级·江苏泰州·专题练习）Quantum (量子) computers are different from traditional computers because they use qubits (量子比特) ________ can have different states at the same time. A．who B．whom C．which D．what 重●难●提●分●必●刷 一、基础题 1．“A white elephant” means something that is useless, ________ it may cost a lot of money. A．since B．until C．although D．unless 2．Tom ________ the fence when Ben came over. A．paints B．is painting C．was painting D．will paint 3．—Who will be the winner of the game show? —No one can know the result until it ________ tomorrow morning. A．will be announced B．will announce C．is announced D．announces 4．________ I don’t know what to start with yet, ________ I will try my best to solve the problem. A．But; although B．Although; / C．Though; but D．Unless; or 5．_________ Steve has failed many times, he is always full of hope for the future. A．Since B．If C．Though D．When 6．It is ________ fine weather today that there are so many people playing in the park. A．so B．very C．too D．such 7．Lessons can be learned to face the future, ________ history cannot be changed. A．because B．until C．unless D．though 8．Nobody can hear you ________ you speak in a louder voice. A．if B．unless C．because D．but 9．More and more couples prefer ________ a second baby ________ their first child can feel less lonely. A．have; in order to B．to have; in order to C．have; so that D．to have; so that 10．Her research paper isn’t up to standard ________ she has worked at it for two weeks. A．since B．unless C．has D．though 11．There is only ten minutes left. We won’t get to the concert in time ________ we take a taxi. A．ever since B．even though C．so that D．as soon as 12．—May I go to the cinema with you tonight? —I’m afraid not, ________ you have finished your homework. A．unless B．if C．until D．although 13．________ COVID-19 is under control now, we still need to protect ourselves by wearing masks and washing hands often. A．Because B．Although C．Since D．But 14．—Usually a dog won’t bite ________ it’s being attacked. —For everyone’s safety, I still insist it is necessary to put it on the lead. A．unless B．if C．when D．after 15．The boy made ________ great progress in his study that we all felt surprised. A．so B．such C．very D．really 16．— It’s impossible to finish the difficult task in a short time ________ both of us work hard on it. — No problem, let’s start! A．if B．but C．because D．unless 17．—Would you like to go fishing with us now, Frank? —Sorry. My parents won’t allow me to go out ________ I finish all my homework. A．if B．since C．unless D．when 18．—The library holds ________ many books ________ it may be difficult to choose the right one. Can you give me some advice? —Sure. Book reviews can help you decide if a book is for you. A．such; that B．so; that C．too; to D．enough; to 19．—When shall we leave for Bencha Ancient Town? —________ we keep things on the desk in good order. A．Till B．Since C．Not until D．Whenever 20．—What a boring trip! We did nothing but listen to the rain in the hotel. —Why didn’t you check the weather ________ you travelled? A．since B．until C．after D．before 21．—Do you know ________ after the exam? —Correct the mistakes immediately. A．what you should do B．what should you do C．when should you study D．when you should study 22．—Mum’s birthday is coming. I want to give her a surprise, but I don’t know ________. —Just think about her hobbies. A．how can I make it B．how I can make it C．when can I make it D．when I can make it 23．—I’m wondering ________ at a low price? —You can book one through our official app. A．when I can buy the air ticket B．when can I buy the air ticket C．how I can buy the air ticket D．how can I buy the air ticket 24．Sandy, do you still remember ________ the Palace Museum? A．when we visit B．when do we visit C．when we visited D．when did we visit 25．— Kate, I’m going to a party tonight. Could you please tell me ________? —With pleasure. Wait a moment, please. A．how I can order a taxi online B．that I should take some flowers C．what should I pay attention to D．if the skirt looks nice on me 26．The teacher asked the students ________. A．that they had planted trees B．when was Spud Webb born C．what they will do with the computers D．if they were interested in dinosaurs 27．—What did the manager say after the meeting?    —She asked me ________. A．how did I deal with the problem B．if can I finish the work on time C．what I do for the yesterday’s project D．why I was late for the meeting 28．—The novel The Little Prince is very interesting. Many students enjoy reading it. —So it is. Could you tell me ________? A．how long I can borrow it B．if I can keep it for another week C．when should I return it D．whether I could borrow it 29．—I ordered a pair of new jeans online and I wonder ________.  —In two days? Maybe not until next week. A．how soon can they be sent to me here B．when they could be sent to me here C．when could they be sent to me here D．how soon they can be sent to me here 30．It’s a pity that I missed the fourth Tiangong Class! Could you tell me ________? A．how long did the class last B．which country are they from C．which channel was it covered live D．who was the teacher this time 31．We should remember those ________ lost their lives for our country. A．who B．whom C．which D．what 32．Black asked me, “Why haven’t you left here yet?” Black asked me why ________ yet. A．I hadn’t left there B．I haven’t left here C．hadn’t I left there D．haven’t I left here 33．She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time?” She asked whose house ________ break into ________. A．will he；next time B．would he；the next time C．he would；the next time D．he will；next time 34．—Excuse me, do you know _________ some medicine? —Sure. In that supermarket. A．where I can buy B．where can I buy C．how I can buy D．how can I buy 35．—Do you know ______? —Oh, he was short and thin, but he is different now. A．what he used to look like B．what did he use to look like C．what does he look like D．what he look like 36．—Hi, Zhang Ke. I want to know ________. —You can help to hand out some notices. A．when School Day is B．who can come to School Day C．why we hold School Day D．what I can do for School Day 37．—Mr. Wang, can you tell me ________? —Because she has gone abroad for further study. A．when Millie came back B．where does Millie live C．why Millie isn’t here D．what Millie is doing 38．—Could you please tell me ________ buy a magazine? —There is a bookstore on the third floor. A．how I can B．which I can C．when I can D．where I can 39．—Hi, Alexia. Here is a letter for you. —Thanks. I wonder ________. A．where was the letter from B．why someone will know my address C．whether the letter was from my pen pal D．how did you get the letter 40．Can you imagine ________ life would be like without the internet? A．what B．when C．how D．whether 41．The boy with ________ John is talking is my elder brother. A．whom B．who C．that D．which 42．Mike is a friendly boy ________ likes to go out and meet new people all the time. A．who B．which C．what D．when 43．—What kind of writer do you like ? —I like writers ________ explain things well. A．who B．whom C．whose D．what 44．—What kind of music do you like, Cindy? —Well, I prefer music ________ has great lyrics. A．what B．who C．how D．that 45．—Hi, Tony. Don’t you remember me? —Yes, Scott. I will never forget the day ________ we spent in the old town with small houses. A．who B．when C．what D．that 46．Li Ming says he loves singers ______ their own music. A．which write B．that writes C．who write D．who writes 47．—What’s on TV now? —The remains of 25 Chinese soldiers ________ died in the 1950-1953 Korean War arrive back their motherland. It is covered live. A．which B．who C．what D．whose 48．—Your father’s birthday is coming soon, Liu Tao. What’s your surprise for your father? —The first thing ________ I will do is to make a card for him. A．who B．where C．whose D．that 49．Jackie Chan is an actor ________ is famous for his Chinese kung fu in the action movies. A．which B．whom C．whose D．who 50．The nurse ________ is looking after the old man is Tom’s sister. A．which B．who C．what D．whom 二、进阶题 1．—Hi, Mike! Would you like to go boating with me? —Yes, I’d love to, ________ I have to finish my science project first. A．and B．or C．but D．for 2．He has failed many times, ________ he never loses heart. A．and B．but C．or D．so 3．I love cola and hamburgers, ________ they are not healthy. A．or B．so C．but D．and 4．Study harder, ________ you won't catch up with your classmates. A．or B．for C．since D．although 5．We will never see Kobe play another basketball game, ________we will always remember him. A．because B．unless C．but D．if 6．一What's the secret of success, Dr. Know?         一 More time and effort, _________ you’ll make it some day. A．yet B．or C．and D．but 7．The film seems interesting ______ we all want to see it. A．and B．but C．unless D．if 8．It was raining heavily, ________ we decided to stay at home and watch TV. A．but B．or C．because D．so 9．Thanks for repairing my computer, ________ I will miss the online meeting. A．if B．after C．unless D．or 10．The view from the top of Mount Lu is amazing, ________ it draws many tourists every year. A．when B．if C．so D．but 11．Practice more, ________ you’ll do better in playing the piano. A．but B．or C．because D．and 12．I have a basketball, ________ my brother doesn’t. A．but B．and C．so D．or 13．Tina is good at swimming, _________ she can’t play football. A．so B．because C．but D．or 14．I usually drink coffee in the morning, ________ today I feel like drinking tea. A．and B．but C．so D．or 15．English is my favourite subject, ________ my brother doesn’t like it. A．but B．because C．so D．and 16．In Journey to the West, my favourite character is Wukong ________ keeps fighting to help the weak. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 17．________ you’ve finished your homework, you may go out and play. A．Since B．Before C．Unless D．Although 18．—My parents will give me a red packet after my graduation! —I wonder ________. A．how much money have you got B．what you bought with the money C．if you will give it to your parents D．that you will deal with the money 19．—Excuse me, how long will it take me to get to the post office? —Well, it depends on ________. A．how you will get there B．when you will get there C．where you will get D．how will you get there 20．The story ________ my grandfather told me about Qian Xuesen is touching. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 21．—That sounds interesting! May I ask ________ to see the changes? —Well, it depends. Some people take a while, and some others take forever. A．how much will it cost B．how long will it take C．how much it will cost D．how long it will take 22．—Daniel, I want to read the book Journey to the West. But I don’t know ________. —You can try Nantong Library. A．how I can get one B．what I should take with me C．when I can borrow one D．if I can take Underground Line 1 23．—Could you tell me ________ two 30-minute breaks every day? —They help us stay healthy and energetic. A．why we have B．what we do during C．why do we have D．what do we do during 24．— Excuse me, could you tell me ______? — It usually opens at nine o’clock. A．how I can get to the bank B．where the bank is C．how far the bank is D．when the bank opens 25．This old saying “Think twice before acting.” tells us ________. A．how should we take action B．when should we think carefully C．what we should do before making a decision D．why we should think carefully before acting 26．Mr. Smith has just given us a speech ________ was about developing reading skills. A．which B．what C．whom D．who 27．We should keep our hearts open ________ we can find more and more chances to get to know more people and their cultures. A．so that B．as soon as C．as long as D．even though 28．—Amy recently won a prize from the Help Save Our Society. Can you guess ________? —It’s said that she built a house out of rubbish. A．what did she do B．what she did C．what does she do D．what she does 29．— Linda, do you know ________ for the school trip this term? — Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum. A．where we are going B．where we went C．where are we going D．where did we go 30．—David, what’s the meaning of “A promise is a promise”? —It tells us ________. A．what promise we must keep B．when do we make a promise C．why should we make a promise D．how important keeping a promise is 3 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $