Unit 5 Be Green 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语新教材北师大版八年级下册

Unit 5 Be Green 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项填空（10分） 1.The ______and use of plastic bags may be harmful to the environment. A.productive　　　　 B.produce C.product　　　　 D.production 2.Long working hours and tight deadlines made him very ______. A.stressed　　　　 B.stressful C.stressing　　　　 D.stress 3.The ______ natural resources is becoming a serious problem in this area. A.lack of　　　　 B.lack C.lacking of　　　　 D.lacks 4.Throwing away so much food is a ______ money. A.wasting of　　　　 B.waste C.waste of　　　　 D.wasted 5. ______ delicious the cake is! A.What　　　 B.How　　　 C.What a　　　 D.How a 6. ______ interesting book you bought! A.What　　　 B.How　　　 C.What an　　　 D.How an 7.She bought some new ______ for the party. A.cloth　　　 B.clothes　　　 C.clothed　　　 D.cloths 8.This factory ______ cheap phones every year. A.produces　　　　 B.produce C.will produce　　　　 D.produced 9.The girl ______ won the competition is my classmate. A.which　　　 B./　　　 C.what　　　 D.who 10.This is the book ______ explains the history of China. A.who　　　 B.whom　　　 C.that　　　 D./ 二．用所给动词的适当形式填空（15分） 1. In Paris, shops __________ (get) a fine if they don’t turn off unnecessary lights. 2. Richard __________ (make) a green resolution to start recycling paper, glass and plastic. 3. Vanessa __________ (use) cloth bags when her family shops every weekend. 4. JP __________ (not let) his parents drive him to school because his school is not far. 5. If we all walk or ride our bikes more, we __________ (help) reduce air pollution. 6. We need __________ (turn) off the lights when we are not in a room. 7. Please remember __________ (close) the windows when the air conditioning is on. 8. If you __________ (replace) old light bulbs with LED lights, you will save energy. 9. Everyone should __________ (do) their part to protect the environment. 10. __________ (not leave) your computer on when you are not using it. 11. Your water footprint __________ (include) everything related to water, even the water used to make your clothes. 12. 2.2 billion people __________ (live) without safe drinking water. 13. Many people around the world __________ (waste) water, which makes the problem worse. 14. You can take short showers instead of __________ (take) baths. 15. If you __________ (turn) the tap off while brushing your teeth, you will save water. 三．选用方框中的短语填空（每个限用一次）（15分） A | turn off | instead of | do our bit | make a difference | look forward to | 1. Shops in Paris must __________ unnecessary lights at night. 2. Richard decided to recycle __________ putting everything in the rubbish bin. 3. Little things can __________. We should all try. 4. Vanessa says, “We should all __________ to keep our towns clean.” 5. She is __________ a brighter green future. B | turn off | replace with | do our part | set the temperature | fill the dishwasher | 1. We should always __________ the lights when we leave a room. 2. It is a good idea to __________ old bulbs __________ LED ones. 3. If we all __________, we can save a lot of electricity. 4. You can save energy by __________ at a reasonable level. 5. Make sure to __________ completely before running it. C | water footprint | turn the tap off | collect the water | make careful choices | water shortages | 1. Your __________ is the amount of water you use each day, including water for making products. 2. __________ are a serious problem because there is not enough water for everyone. 3. You should __________ while brushing your teeth to save water. 4. After washing rice, you can __________ and use it to water plants. 5. Find out which products need a lot of water to produce, then __________. 四．根据课文内容，用正确的词汇完成句子。（15分） 1. 在巴黎，商店如果不关掉不必要的灯就会被罚款。 In Paris, shops get a __________ if they don’t __________ __________ unnecessary lights. 2. 巴黎还有每小时30公里的限速和限制市中心汽车数量的法律。 There is also a 30 km/h __________ limit and a law to __________ the number of cars in the city centre. 3. 我决定让我的生活方式变得环保。 I decided to make my __________ of life __________. 4. 事实上，我们要保持我们的城镇、河流和海洋清洁。 The fact is, we keep our __________, __________ and seas clean. 5. 如果我们都多走路或多骑自行车，我们将帮助减少空气污染。 If we all walk or __________ our bikes more, we will help __________ air pollution. 6. 我们不在房间时需要关灯。 We need to __________ __________ the lights when we’re not in the room. 7. 用LED灯替换旧灯泡。 __________ old light bulbs __________ LED lights. 8. 从今以后我们要尽自己的一份力。 We should __________ __________ __________ from now on. 9. 夏天使用空调时，不要把温度设得太低。 When using air conditioning in summer, don’t __________ the temperature too __________. 10. 有很多节约用电的方法。 There are a lot of __________ to __________ electricity. 11. 你的水足迹包括与用水相关的一切。 Your water footprint __________ everything __________ to water. 12. 世界上到处都有人每天用水，但没有足够的水供每个人使用。 Everywhere around the world, people use water __________, but there is not __________ water for everyone. 13. 永远不要买超过你需要的食物，也不要浪费它。 Never buy __________ food than you need and don’t __________ it. 14. 你可以用淘米、洗水果和蔬菜后的水来浇花或做其他事情。 You can use the water after you wash rice, fruit and vegetables to __________ plants or do __________ things. 15. 了解哪些食物、衣服和其他产品需要大量水来生产。 Find out the types of food, clothes and other __________ that need a lot of water to __________. 五、语法训练（15分） A单项选择 1．He likes reading books ________ are about history. A．who B．what C．which D．whose 2．— Do you know the girl ________ is standing under the tree? — Yes, she is my classmate. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 3．This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 4．This is the most beautiful palace ________ I have ever seen. A．which B．that C．who D．where 5．It is no surprise that many students love the animation ________ has lots of traditional Chinese elements. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 6．My teacher encouraged me ________ English as much as possible in class. A．to speak B．speak C．speaking D．spoke 7．She often helps her mother ________ housework to earn pocket money. A．do B．to do C．doing D．A & B 8．He encouraged me ______ confidence in myself. A．to have B．have C．having 9．The teacher told us ________ noise in the library. A．not make B．don’t make C．not making D．not to make 10．My teacher advised me ________ English aloud every morning. A．read B．reading C．to read D．to reading B、完成句子 1．多么有用的一项发明啊! ________ ________ useful invention it is! 2．多么壮观的桥啊！ ________ ________ wonderful bridge! 3．真是一团糟！ What a ________ (it is)! 4．生活多美好啊！ ________ ________ life is! 5．我们真幸运！ ________ ________ (we have)! 六、语法选择（10分） Human activity is bringing a big risk to Mount Qomolangma. “Both climate change 1 microplastics (微塑料) are polluting the mountain and causing its ice to melt,” scientists say. The 2 mountain in the world is facing the problem of microplastics. A recent study found that the mountain is 3 these plastics, which are usually less than 5 millimeters in size. 4 can be found in many things, including the clothes, tents and ropes that are left behind by climbers. Microplastics take thousands of years to break down (降解) on their own. They are already known for bringing a 5 to sea animals. Now people are worried about the serious pollution in Qomolangma. Global warming is also influencing (影响) the 6 , as well as its climbers. Another study 7 that the glaciers (冰川) around Qomolangma are thinner than those in the 1960s. As the ice melts (融化), cracks in the ice are becoming deeper and more dangerous, bringing a risk to those who want to 8 the mountain, according to Global News. Landslides (山体滑坡) are also becoming more likely. There are many 9 of the mountain that are held together by just frozen rocks or permafrost (永久冻土). 10 the permafrost melts, the risk of landslides goes up. 1．A．or B．and C．but D．until 2．A．highest B．shortest C．youngest D．nearest 3．A．good for B．similar to C．full of D．kind to 4．A．You B．It C．We D．They 5．A．danger B．surprise C．friends D．help 6．A．land B．lake C．mountain D．river 7．A．looks up B．gets to C．cares for D．finds 8．A．draw B．climb C．cut D．make 9．A．parts B．pictures C．visitors D．years 10．A．Before B．When C．Although D．So 七、短文填空（20分） A 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Do you know the largest nature park in China? It is Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau (青藏高原). “Sanjiangyuan” 1 (mean) the source of China’s three great rivers: the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Lancang River. The Yangtze River is the 2 (long) of the three. Sanjiangyuan is famous 3 the Water Tower of China or even Asia. There are lots of rivers, lakes, and wetlands. People living around all depend on rich natural resources of it. It is as important as our life. However, with the global warming and human’s activities, the place was once in great danger. Life there was also much   4 (difficult) for both animals and humans than that in other places. To stop things from 5 (get) worse, our government has taken many ways, for example, building Sanjiangyuan National Park. Many people joined the environmental protection club. It advised the members 6 (start) a WeChat group and invite other people to join in. This was a great idea. It allowed more and more people to meet each other online   7 talk about how to protect the environment. Now, people there are living in peace with nature. Our country is trying 8 (it) best to make Sanjiangyuan National Park one of the most famous   9 (park) all over the world. I believe in the future the park will be 10 window to show Chinese natural beauty to the outside. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词（有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式）。 Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago. But there is 1 problem—pollution. It comes in many 2 (way). We smell it, drink it and even hear it. The 3 (many) people, the more pollution. Many years ago, there were not many people, so the pollution was not very serious. When people used up the land (陆地), they 4 (move) to a new place. But we can’t do that now. What will the future be like? Some 5 (science) say that the pollution will be more serious. The city will be more crowded 6 there will be more people and cars. At last, the earth will be a 7 (danger) place for humans. They have to leave the earth and look 8 another planet to live on. 9 (lucky), many countries are making rules to fight pollution now. They ask people to take the subway or bus to work. They stop people from burning coal (烧煤). They also ask people to plant more trees. Thanks to 10 (they), I think our earth will be better. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Be Green 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项填空（10分） 1.The ______and use of plastic bags may be harmful to the environment. A.productive　　　　 B.produce C.product　　　　 D.production D解析　句意:塑料袋的生产和使用可能会对环境有害。设空处前有定冠词The,设空处应填名词,production作不可数名词,表示“生产;制造”,符合题意。 2.Long working hours and tight deadlines made him very ______. A.stressed　　　　 B.stressful C.stressing　　　　 D.stress A解析　句意:长的工作时间和严格的最后期限使他很焦虑不安。修饰人且表示“焦虑不安”的是stressed。 3.The ______ natural resources is becoming a serious problem in this area. A.lack of　　　　 B.lack C.lacking of　　　　 D.lacks A 解析　句意:自然资源的匮乏正成为这个地区的一个严重问题。the lack of...表示“……的匮乏”。故选A。 4.Throwing away so much food is a ______ money. A.wasting of　　　　 B.waste C.waste of　　　　 D.wasted C解析　句意:扔掉这么多食物是浪费钱。a waste of...意为“对……的浪费”。故选C。 5. ______ delicious the cake is! A.What　　　 B.How　　　 C.What a　　　 D.How a B解析　空后是形容词delicious,根据句子结构可知,应用“How+adj.+主语+系动词!”结构。故选B。 6. ______ interesting book you bought! A.What　　　 B.How　　　 C.What an　　　 D.How an C解析　空后是interesting book,应用what引导感叹句;book为可数名词单数,interesting以元音音素开头,应用What an。 7.She bought some new ______ for the party. A.cloth　　　 B.clothes　　　 C.clothed　　　 D.cloths B　句意:她为了聚会买了一些新衣服。在四个选项中,只有clothes可以具体表示“人穿的衣服”。故选B。 8.This factory ______ cheap phones every year. A.produces　　　　 B.produce C.will produce　　　　 D.produced A解析　根据“every year”可知,本句的时态为一般现在时;主语是第三人称单数,produces符合题意。 9.The girl ______ won the competition is my classmate. A.which　　　 B./　　　 C.what　　　 D.who D解析　句意:那个赢得比赛的女孩是我的同班同学。设空处引导定语从句,且在从句中作主语,不可省略;先行词girl指人,应用who。 10.This is the book ______ explains the history of China. A.who　　　 B.whom　　　 C.that　　　 D./ C解析　先行词book指物,排除选项A和B;设空处引导定语从句,且在从句中作主语,不可省略。故选C。 二．用所给动词的适当形式填空（15分） 1. In Paris, shops __________ (get) a fine if they don’t turn off unnecessary lights. 2. Richard __________ (make) a green resolution to start recycling paper, glass and plastic. 3. Vanessa __________ (use) cloth bags when her family shops every weekend. 4. JP __________ (not let) his parents drive him to school because his school is not far. 5. If we all walk or ride our bikes more, we __________ (help) reduce air pollution. 6. We need __________ (turn) off the lights when we are not in a room. 7. Please remember __________ (close) the windows when the air conditioning is on. 8. If you __________ (replace) old light bulbs with LED lights, you will save energy. 9. Everyone should __________ (do) their part to protect the environment. 10. __________ (not leave) your computer on when you are not using it. 11. Your water footprint __________ (include) everything related to water, even the water used to make your clothes. 12. 2.2 billion people __________ (live) without safe drinking water. 13. Many people around the world __________ (waste) water, which makes the problem worse. 14. You can take short showers instead of __________ (take) baths. 15. If you __________ (turn) the tap off while brushing your teeth, you will save water. 1. get2. made3. uses4. is not going to let5. will help6. to turn7. to close8. replace9. do10. Don’t leave11. includes 12. are living / live 13. waste 14. taking 15. turn 三．选用方框中的短语填空（每个限用一次）（15分） A | turn off | instead of | do our bit | make a difference | look forward to | 1. Shops in Paris must __________ unnecessary lights at night. 2. Richard decided to recycle __________ putting everything in the rubbish bin. 3. Little things can __________. We should all try. 4. Vanessa says, “We should all __________ to keep our towns clean.” 5. She is __________ a brighter green future. 1. turn off 2. instead of 3. make a difference 4. do our bit 5. looking forward to B | turn off | replace with | do our part | set the temperature | fill the dishwasher | 1. We should always __________ the lights when we leave a room. 2. It is a good idea to __________ old bulbs __________ LED ones. 3. If we all __________, we can save a lot of electricity. 4. You can save energy by __________ at a reasonable level. 5. Make sure to __________ completely before running it. 1. turn off 2. replace, with 3. do our part 4. setting the temperature 5. fill the dishwasher C | water footprint | turn the tap off | collect the water | make careful choices | water shortages | 1. Your __________ is the amount of water you use each day, including water for making products. 2. __________ are a serious problem because there is not enough water for everyone. 3. You should __________ while brushing your teeth to save water. 4. After washing rice, you can __________ and use it to water plants. 5. Find out which products need a lot of water to produce, then __________. 1. water footprint 2. Water shortages 3. turn the tap off 4. collect the water 5. make careful choices 四．根据课文内容，用正确的词汇完成句子。（15分） 1. 在巴黎，商店如果不关掉不必要的灯就会被罚款。 In Paris, shops get a __________ if they don’t __________ __________ unnecessary lights. 2. 巴黎还有每小时30公里的限速和限制市中心汽车数量的法律。 There is also a 30 km/h __________ limit and a law to __________ the number of cars in the city centre. 3. 我决定让我的生活方式变得环保。 I decided to make my __________ of life __________. 4. 事实上，我们要保持我们的城镇、河流和海洋清洁。 The fact is, we keep our __________, __________ and seas clean. 5. 如果我们都多走路或多骑自行车，我们将帮助减少空气污染。 If we all walk or __________ our bikes more, we will help __________ air pollution. 6. 我们不在房间时需要关灯。 We need to __________ __________ the lights when we’re not in the room. 7. 用LED灯替换旧灯泡。 __________ old light bulbs __________ LED lights. 8. 从今以后我们要尽自己的一份力。 We should __________ __________ __________ from now on. 9. 夏天使用空调时，不要把温度设得太低。 When using air conditioning in summer, don’t __________ the temperature too __________. 10. 有很多节约用电的方法。 There are a lot of __________ to __________ electricity. 11. 你的水足迹包括与用水相关的一切。 Your water footprint __________ everything __________ to water. 12. 世界上到处都有人每天用水，但没有足够的水供每个人使用。 Everywhere around the world, people use water __________, but there is not __________ water for everyone. 13. 永远不要买超过你需要的食物，也不要浪费它。 Never buy __________ food than you need and don’t __________ it. 14. 你可以用淘米、洗水果和蔬菜后的水来浇花或做其他事情。 You can use the water after you wash rice, fruit and vegetables to __________ plants or do __________ things. 15. 了解哪些食物、衣服和其他产品需要大量水来生产。 Find out the types of food, clothes and other __________ that need a lot of water to __________. 1. fine, turn off 2. speed, limit 3. way, green 4. towns, rivers 5. ride, reduce6. turn off 7. Replace, with 8. do our part 9. set, low 10. ways, save11. includes, related 12. daily, enough 13. more, waste 14. water, other 15. products, produce 五、语法训练（15分） A单项选择 1．He likes reading books ________ are about history. A．who B．what C．which D．whose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他喜欢读那些关于历史的书。 who谁；what什么；which那些；whose谁的。先行词是“books”，指物，在定语从句中作主语，因此用“which”引导。 2．— Do you know the girl ________ is standing under the tree? — Yes, she is my classmate. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你认识站在树下的那个女孩吗？——是的，她是我的同学。 which哪个（指物）；who谁（指人，作主语）；whom谁（指人，作宾语）；whose谁的（表所属）。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是the girl，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，因此用who。 3．This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是我看过的最好的电影。 that指人或物；which指物；who指人；whom指人，作宾语。分析句子可知，“... I have ever seen”是定语从句，先行词movie指物，且被最高级the best修饰，此时引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that。 4．This is the most beautiful palace ________ I have ever seen. A．which B．that C．who D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我见过的最漂亮的宫殿。 根据定语从句的用法规则可知，先行词“palace”是物，且被形容词最高级“the most beautiful”修饰；在定语从句中，当先行词被最高级修饰时，关系代词习惯用that而不用which，因此应选that。 5．It is no surprise that many students love the animation ________ has lots of traditional Chinese elements. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多学生喜爱这部有很多中国传统元素的动画片，这并不令人惊讶。 who谁；which哪一个；what什么；whose谁的。先行词“the animation”指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导定语从句。 6．My teacher encouraged me ________ English as much as possible in class. A．to speak B．speak C．speaking D．spoke 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的老师鼓励我在课堂上尽可能多说英语。 to speak说，动词不定式；speak说，动词原形；speaking说，现在分词/动名词；spoke说，过去式。根据“My teacher encouraged me…English as much as possible in class.”可知，此处为固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，空处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。应填to speak。 7．She often helps her mother ________ housework to earn pocket money. A．do B．to do C．doing D．A & B 【答案】D 【详解】句意：她经常帮助母亲做家务来赚零花钱。 “help sb. do sth.”和“help sb. to do sth.”均意为“帮助某人做某事”，do和to do在此结构中皆可使用，作宾语补足语。 8．He encouraged me ______ confidence in myself. A．to have B．have C．having 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他鼓励我要对自己有信心。 “encourage sb. to do sth.”是固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，在这个句子中，“me”是“encourage”的宾语，后面需要用动词不定式“to do sth.”的结构来作宾语补足语，表示鼓励“我”去做的事情，应填to have。 9．The teacher told us ________ noise in the library. A．not make B．don’t make C．not making D．not to make 【答案】D 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们不要在图书馆制造噪音。 tell sb. not to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，动词不定式的否定形式是在to前加not。 10．My teacher advised me ________ English aloud every morning. A．read B．reading C．to read D．to reading 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的老师建议我每天早晨大声朗读英语。 advise sb. to do sth“建议某人做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式to read，作宾语补足语。 B、完成句子 1．多么有用的一项发明啊! ________ ________ useful invention it is! 【答案】 What a 【详解】根据中英文对照，此处缺少“多么……”。本句是感叹句，中心词为名词invention，应用结构“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语”，useful是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。 2．多么壮观的桥啊！ ________ ________ wonderful bridge! 【答案】 What a 【详解】原句中“多么”是关键词。原句是感叹句，对可数名词单数“bridge（桥）”进行感叹，用表示感叹的短语“What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”，wonderful以辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。故填What；a。 3．真是一团糟！ What a ________ (it is)! 【答案】mess 【详解】原句中“一团糟”是关键词，表示“（一团）糟”的名词是mess；What引导的感叹句，结构为“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”，此处What a mess (it is)!意为“真是一团糟！”。 4．生活多美好啊！ ________ ________ life is! 【答案】 How wonderful 【详解】原句中“多美好”是关键词，根据汉语意思可知，句子是感叹句，感叹句由what或how引导，what引导的感叹句的中心词是名词；how引导的感叹句的中心词是形容词或副词，该句中“美好的”用wonderful表达，是形容词，感叹句由how引导，句首单词的首字母要大写。 5．我们真幸运！ ________ ________ (we have)! 【答案】 What luck 【详解】原句中“真幸运”是关键词，其英文为luck，本句是感叹句，应该用What+名词+（主语+谓语）！luck为不可数名词。 六、语法选择（10分） Human activity is bringing a big risk to Mount Qomolangma. “Both climate change 1 microplastics (微塑料) are polluting the mountain and causing its ice to melt,” scientists say. The 2 mountain in the world is facing the problem of microplastics. A recent study found that the mountain is 3 these plastics, which are usually less than 5 millimeters in size. 4 can be found in many things, including the clothes, tents and ropes that are left behind by climbers. Microplastics take thousands of years to break down (降解) on their own. They are already known for bringing a 5 to sea animals. Now people are worried about the serious pollution in Qomolangma. Global warming is also influencing (影响) the 6 , as well as its climbers. Another study 7 that the glaciers (冰川) around Qomolangma are thinner than those in the 1960s. As the ice melts (融化), cracks in the ice are becoming deeper and more dangerous, bringing a risk to those who want to 8 the mountain, according to Global News. Landslides (山体滑坡) are also becoming more likely. There are many 9 of the mountain that are held together by just frozen rocks or permafrost (永久冻土). 10 the permafrost melts, the risk of landslides goes up. 1．A．or B．and C．but D．until 2．A．highest B．shortest C．youngest D．nearest 3．A．good for B．similar to C．full of D．kind to 4．A．You B．It C．We D．They 5．A．danger B．surprise C．friends D．help 6．A．land B．lake C．mountain D．river 7．A．looks up B．gets to C．cares for D．finds 8．A．draw B．climb C．cut D．make 9．A．parts B．pictures C．visitors D．years 10．A．Before B．When C．Although D．So 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．B 【原文】本文介绍了人类活动给珠穆朗玛峰带来的两大环境风险。 1．句意：气候变化和微塑料都在污染这座山，使其冰雪消融。 固定搭配both…and…“……和……都”，连接两个并列主语；or“或者”、but“但是”、until“直到”均不匹配both的用法。 2．句意：这座世界最高峰正面临微塑料污染的问题。 前文提到Mount Qomolangma(珠穆朗玛峰)，它是世界最高的山峰；shortest“最矮的”、youngest“最年轻的”、nearest“最近的”均与事实不符。 3．句意：最近的一项研究发现，这座山上遍布这些微塑料，其尺寸通常小于5毫米。 full of“充满，遍布”，贴合“微塑料污染珠峰”的语境；good for“对……有益”、similar to“与……相似”、kind to“对……友好”均语义不符。 4．句意：这些微塑料能在很多物品中被发现，包括登山者遗留的衣物、帐篷和绳索。 代词指代前文的these plastics(复数)，用They“它们”；You“你/你们”、It“它”、We“我们”均指代错误。 5．句意：众所周知，微塑料会给海洋生物带来危险。 固定搭配bring a danger to sb./sth.“给……带来危险”，贴合微塑料的危害属性；surprise“惊喜”、friends“朋友”、help“帮助”均语义相反。 6．句意：全球变暖也在影响着这座山，以及登山者们。 全文核心话题是珠峰mountain的环境问题，此处承接上文，指全球变暖对珠峰的影响；land“陆地”、lake“湖泊”、river“河流”均偏离主题。 7．句意：另一项研究发现，珠峰周边的冰川比20世纪60年代的更薄了。 finds“发现”，符合“研究得出结论”的语境；looks up“查阅”、gets to“到达”、cares for“照顾”均语义不符。 8．句意：据《环球新闻》报道，随着冰层不断融化，冰面的裂缝变得越来越深、危险性也越来越大，这给想要攀登这座山峰的人们带来了安全隐患。 climb the mountain“登山”，固定搭配，贴合“珠峰登山者”的语境；draw“画”、cut“切”、make“制作”均无此搭配。 9．句意：珠峰的许多区域仅由冻岩或永久冻土固定着。 parts“部分，区域”，指珠峰的山体部位；pictures“图片”、visitors“游客”、years“年”均语义不符。 10．句意：当永久冻土融化时，山体滑坡的风险就会上升。 When“当……时”，引导时间状语从句，贴合“冻土融化引发滑坡”的逻辑；Before“在……之前”、Although“虽然”、So“所以”均连接词逻辑不符。 七、短文填空（20分） A 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Do you know the largest nature park in China? It is Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau (青藏高原). “Sanjiangyuan” 1 (mean) the source of China’s three great rivers: the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Lancang River. The Yangtze River is the 2 (long) of the three. Sanjiangyuan is famous 3 the Water Tower of China or even Asia. There are lots of rivers, lakes, and wetlands. People living around all depend on rich natural resources of it. It is as important as our life. However, with the global warming and human’s activities, the place was once in great danger. Life there was also much   4 (difficult) for both animals and humans than that in other places. To stop things from 5 (get) worse, our government has taken many ways, for example, building Sanjiangyuan National Park. Many people joined the environmental protection club. It advised the members 6 (start) a WeChat group and invite other people to join in. This was a great idea. It allowed more and more people to meet each other online   7 talk about how to protect the environment. Now, people there are living in peace with nature. Our country is trying 8 (it) best to make Sanjiangyuan National Park one of the most famous   9 (park) all over the world. I believe in the future the park will be 10 window to show Chinese natural beauty to the outside. 【答案】1．means 2．longest 3．as 4．more difficult 5．getting 6．to start 7．and 8．its 9．parks 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了三江源国家公园的含义、地理地位、面临的环境危机，以及政府和环保人士为保护它所做出的努力，展现了其未来的发展愿景。 1．句意：“三江源”意为中国三大河流的源头。主语“Sanjiangyuan”是专有名词，视为单数，一般现在时中谓语动词mean用三单形式means。故填means。 2．句意：长江是三条河流中最长的。“of the three”表示三者之间的比较，应用最高级，long的最高级是longest。故填longest。 3．句意：三江源作为中国乃至亚洲的“水塔”而闻名。be famous as是固定短语，意为“作为……而闻名”。故填as。 4．句意：那里的生活对动物和人类来说也比其他地方艰难得多。much修饰比较级，且than是比较级标志词，difficult的比较级是more difficult。故填more difficult。 5．句意：为了阻止情况变得更糟，我们的政府采取了许多措施。“stop ... from doing sth”是固定用法，意为“阻止……做某事”。故填getting。 6．句意：它建议成员们建立一个微信群。advise sb to do sth是固定用法，意为“建议某人做某事”。故填to start。 7．句意：它让越来越多的人在网上相遇，并讨论如何保护环境。meet each other和talk about是并列谓语，应用连词and连接。故填and。 8．句意：我们的国家正在尽最大努力让三江源国家公园成为世界上最著名的公园之一。try one’s best to do sth是固定用法，it的形容词性物主代词是its。故填its。 9．句意：我们的国家正在尽最大努力让三江源国家公园成为世界上最著名的公园之一。“one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”是固定结构，park的复数形式是parks。故填parks。 10．句意：我相信未来这个公园将是向外界展示中国自然美的一个窗口。window是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词（有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式）。 Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago. But there is 1 problem—pollution. It comes in many 2 (way). We smell it, drink it and even hear it. The 3 (many) people, the more pollution. Many years ago, there were not many people, so the pollution was not very serious. When people used up the land (陆地), they 4 (move) to a new place. But we can’t do that now. What will the future be like? Some 5 (science) say that the pollution will be more serious. The city will be more crowded 6 there will be more people and cars. At last, the earth will be a 7 (danger) place for humans. They have to leave the earth and look 8 another planet to live on. 9 (lucky), many countries are making rules to fight pollution now. They ask people to take the subway or bus to work. They stop people from burning coal (烧煤). They also ask people to plant more trees. Thanks to 10 (they), I think our earth will be better. 【答案】1．a 2．ways 3．more 4．moved 5．scientists 6．because 7．dangerous 8．for 9．Luckily 10．them 【导语】本文主要介绍了污染这一问题，包括污染的形式、成因、未来影响及当前应对污染的措施。 1．句意：但有一个问题——污染。根据“But there is … problem—pollution”可知，“problem”是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词“a”。故填a。 2．句意：它以多种方式存在。根据“It comes in many …”可知，“many”后接可数名词复数，“way”的复数是“ways”。故填ways。 3．句意：人越多，污染就越严重。根据“The … people, the more pollution”可知，“the+比较级，the+比较级”是固定结构，表示“越……，越……”，“many”的比较级是“more”。故填more。 4．句意：当人们用尽了土地，他们就搬到一个新地方。根据“When people used up the land, they … to a new place”可知，此处描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，“move”的过去式是“moved”。故填moved。 5．句意：一些科学家说污染会更严重。根据“Some … say that the pollution will be more serious”可知，“some”后接表示人的名词，“science”对应的“科学家”是“scientist”，复数形式是“scientists”。故填scientists。 6．句意：城市会更拥挤，因为会有更多的人和车。根据“The city will be more crowded … there will be more people and cars”可知，后半句是前半句的原因，用连词“because”。故填because。 7．句意：最终，地球对人类来说会是一个危险的地方。根据“the earth will be a … place for humans”可知，此处修饰名词“place”，用“danger”的形容词形式“dangerous”。故填dangerous。 8．句意：他们不得不离开地球，寻找另一个可以居住的星球。根据“look … another planet to live on”可知，“look for”是固定短语，表示“寻找”，填“for”。故填for。 9．句意：幸运的是，现在许多国家正在制定规则以治理污染。根据“…, many countries are making rules to fight pollution now”可知，此处修饰整个句子，用“luck”的副词形式“Luckily”，首字母大写。故填Luckily。 10．句意：多亏了它们，我认为我们的地球会变得更好。根据“Thanks to …”可知，“to”是介词，后接宾格，“they”的宾格是“them”。故填them。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $