Unit 3 Sea Exploration 单元语法（动词不定式）-2025-2026学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第四册

Unit 3 Sea Exploration 动词不定式练习 一、语法填空 1．Those who keep working hard and never lose heart are, regardless of countless failures, eager (achieve) their dreams. 【答案】to achieve 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那些尽管经历了无数次失败，但依然努力工作、永不气馁的人，渴望实现他们的梦想。固定搭配be eager to do sth.意为“渴望做某事”，故填to achieve。 2．People with high EQs are less likely (trouble) by internal problems. 【答案】to be troubled 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：情商高的人不太可能被内心问题困扰。固定结构be likely to do sth.（有可能做某事），主语People与动词trouble为被动关系，需用不定式的被动形式to be done；trouble的过去分词为troubled。故填to be troubled。 3．Furthermore, the local authorities began to use the media (spread) environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy. 【答案】to spread 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，地方当局开始利用媒体来传播环保意识，并鼓励更多地使用清洁能源。use..to do...“用……来做某事”是固定搭配，不定式作目的状语。故填to spread。 4．This report looks at the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken (deal) with it. 【答案】to deal 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这份报告探讨了水污染问题以及为解决该问题已经采取的一些措施。“that have been taken...”是定语从句，修饰先行词some action，从句中已有谓语动词have been taken，空处应用非谓语动词，表目的，应用不定式。故填to deal。 5．It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity (educate) everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts. 【答案】to educate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育每个人了解全球变暖及其原因和影响。opportunity to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事的机会”，此处应用不定式to educate，作定语。故填to educate。 6．When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature (rise) quickly. 【答案】to rise 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当人们通过燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气层中，导致地球表面温度快速上升。此处为固定搭配cause sb./sth. to do sth.，意为“导致某人/某物做某事”，所以使用动词不定式形式作宾补。故填to rise。 7．An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared (starve) and died. 【答案】to have starved 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从这只北极熊的尸体位置来看，它似乎是饿死的。appear to do“似乎做某事”是固定搭配，且“挨饿”发生在appear之前，因此用不定式的完成式to have done。故填to have starved。 8．You are likely (suffer) from bad health if you don’t give up smoking. 【答案】to suffer 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你不戒烟，你的健康很可能会受到影响。be likely to do sth.为固定短语，表示“很可能做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to suffer。 9． (show) our great concern about the disabled, the Student’s English club will organize an activity with the theme “What can we do for the disabled”. 【答案】To show 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了表达我们对残疾人的极大关心，学生英语俱乐部将组织一次以“我们能为残疾人做些什么”为主题的活动。本句谓语为will organize，此处为非谓语动词，表目的，用show“表达”的不定式形式，作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填To show。 10．These businessmen are anxious (know) the detailed contents of the policy. 【答案】to know 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些商人急于了解这项政策的详细内容。be anxious to do sth是固定用法，意为 “急于做某事”，to后面接动词原形，故填to know。 11．Persuaded not (throw) in the towel, she rose to the challenge and finally made it. 【答案】to throw 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被劝说不要认输，她勇敢地接受了挑战并最终取得了成功。本句已有谓语rose，此处为非谓语，persuade sb. not to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“劝说某人不要做某事”，此处是其被动形式be persuaded not to do sth.，过去分词作状语，省略be动词，用不定式to throw。故填to throw。 12．The teacher inspired his students (work) harder. 【答案】to work 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位老师激励学生们更加努力学习。短语inspire sb. to do sth.表示“激励某人做某事”，不定式作宾补。故填to work。 13．The prisoner attempted (escape) but failed. 【答案】to escape 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个囚犯试图逃跑，但失败了。本句已有谓语attempted，escape用非谓语形式，attempt to do something为固定搭配，意为“试图做某事”，本空应为不定式to escape，作宾语。故填to escape。 14．She is determined (succeed) no matter what difficulties she faces. 【答案】to succeed 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：无论遇到什么困难，她都决心成功。此处为固定短语 be determined to do sth.，意为 “下定决心做某事”，后接动词不定式。故填to succeed。 15．The company failed (respond) to the customer’s complaint in a timely manner. 【答案】to respond 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该公司未能及时回应客户的投诉。“fail to do sth.”是固定用法，表示“未能做某事”，所以空处需用动词不定式作宾语。故填to respond。 16． (reduce) air pollution, the government has introduced stricter environmental laws. 【答案】To reduce 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：为减少空气污染，政府已出台了更为严格的环保法规。分析句子可知，此处用不定式To reduce 作目的状语，表示“为了减少空气污染”，符合句子逻辑。故填To reduce。 17．Many young people in the 19th century left their hometowns (seek) their fortunes in the gold mines. 【答案】to seek 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：19世纪，许多年轻人离开家乡，前往金矿寻求财富。句子已有谓语动词left，此处需用非谓语动词；离开家乡的目的是去金矿寻求财富，因此用不定式to seek作目的状语，故填to seek。 18．The scientist claimed (discover) a new species of insect. 【答案】to have discovered 【详解】考查动词不定式的完成式。句意：这位科学家声称发现了一种新的昆虫物种。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语claim to do sth. 表示“声称做某事”。发现新物种这个动作发生在“声称”之前，且已经完成，因此用不定式的完成式to have done。故填to have discovered。 19．It is necessary for us (exchange) learning experience regularly. 【答案】to exchange 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们有必要定期交流学习经验。It是形式主语，空处应用动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to exchange。 20．The proposal (discuss) tomorrow involves a plan that was suggested last month. 【答案】to be discussed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：明天将要讨论的这项提案，涉及一项上个月提出的计划。主句已有谓语动词involves，空处作非谓语动词修饰主语The proposal。结合时间标志tomorrow可知，“讨论”这一动作尚未发生，且主语The proposal与动词discuss之间是被动关系，因此需用不定式的被动形式。故填to be discussed。 21． (accept) by a top university, she worked harder than anyone else in her class. 【答案】To be accepted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了被一所顶尖大学录取，她比班上任何人都努力学习。句子已有谓语动词worked，此处需用非谓语动词作目的状语，accept和主语she是被动关系，故用不定式的被动形式。故填To be accepted。 22．Nobody claimed (be) responsible for the collapse of the building, leaving the government in trouble. 【答案】to be 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：没有人声称对大楼的倒塌负责，这让政府陷入了困境。be responsible for“对……负责”。固定短语claim to do sth.意为“声称做某事”，此处应用不定式形式to be。故填to be。 23．To my amazement, our first attempt (develop) new software was a great success. 【答案】to develop 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：令我惊讶的是，我们开发新软件的第一次尝试取得了巨大成功。名词attempt后常接不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的尝试”。故填to develop。 24．Jim dreams of becoming a famous artist. However, an illness in the family forces Jim (give) up everything he worked so hard for. 【答案】to give 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：吉姆一直梦想成为一名著名的艺术家。然而，家庭中的疾病迫使吉姆不得不放弃他一直为之努力奋斗的一切。根据空格前的动词forces可知，此处考查固定搭配force somebody to do something“强迫某人做某事”，所以空格处用不定式形式to give作宾语补足语。故填to give。 25．When shopping online, he prefers (pay) by credit card rather than make a direct bank transfer for better protection. 【答案】to pay 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：网购时，为了更好地保障自身权益，他更喜欢用信用卡支付，而不是直接银行转账。根据“prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.(宁愿做某事而不愿做某事)”这一固定用法可知，此处应使用动词不定式。故填to pay。 26．To her joy, her daughter resolved (study) harder after failing the exam. 【答案】to study 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：让她高兴的是，她女儿考试不及格后决心更加努力学习。固定搭配resolve to do sth.“决心做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to study。 27．What we need to do at this critical moment is (stay) at home and not meet people face-to-face. 【答案】to stay/stay 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这个关键时刻，我们需要做的是待在家里，不要与人面对面见面。空处需填非谓语动词作表语，此处表示“需要做的事情”，可用不定式作表语，强调具体的动作或行为，主语部分含有实义动词 do，作表语的不定式可省略to。故填(to) stay。 28．She told me not (buy) any toys. She has too many baby toys. 【答案】to buy 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她告诉我不要买任何玩具。她的婴儿玩具已经太多了。此处为动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成固定搭配tell sb. not to do sth.，意为“告诉某人不要做某事”。故填to buy。 29．It is difficult to (identity) the difference between the two pictures at first glance. 【答案】identify 【详解】考查动词。句意：一眼很难辨别出这两幅画的区别。句中使用固定句型“It is +形容词+ to do sth.”，表示“做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，所以空处需用动词原形，identity的动词为identify“辨别”。故填identify。 30．Many young people struggle (balance) their study and part-time work in modern society. 【答案】to balance 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在现代社会，许多年轻人努力平衡学业和兼职工作。struggle to do sth.为固定短语，意为“努力做某事”。故填to balance。 31．They set out (explore) the jungle, where they will recognize the worth of the mysterious natural world. 【答案】to explore 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们出发去探索丛林，在那里他们将认识到神秘的自然世界的价值。“set out to do sth.”是固定短语，意为“出发去做某事，着手做某事”，空处应用动词不定式形式to explore。故填to explore。 32．His success will surely encourage more young players (pursue) their goals. 【答案】to pursue 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他的成功一定会鼓励更多年轻球员去追求他们的目标。分析句子可知，此处为encourage sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，所以为动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to pursue。 33．Before choices are finalized, parents/carers will be asked to sign (confirm) their child’s choices. 【答案】to confirm 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：在最终确定选择前，家长 / 监护人将被要求签字以确认孩子的选择。根据句意可知，此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语，满足句意要求。故填to confirm。 34．The new plan is expected (effect) great improvements in our working efficiency soon. 【答案】to effect 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：新计划有望很快有效提升我们的工作效率。be expected to do sth.是固定用法，表示“有望做某事”，本空用动词effect不定式形式。故填to effect。 35．She sat down and proceeded (tell) me about her skiing holiday. 【答案】to tell 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她坐下来，开始给我讲她的滑雪假期。proceed to do sth.是固定短语，意为“接着做某事，继续做某事”，本空用不定式to tell，作宾语。故填to tell。 36．Many passengers were feared to have been injured when the bus was reported (crash). 【答案】to have crashed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，这辆公交车发生了撞车事故，恐怕已有多名乘客受伤。sth./sb. be reported to do“据报道某人/物做某事”是固定句型，不定式作主语补足语，“撞车”发生在谓语“报道”之前，应用不定式的完成式to have done。故填to have crashed。 37．Students tend (admire) the teachers who do justice to every student. 【答案】to admire 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们往往敬佩公平对待每一位学生的老师。tend to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“倾向于做某事，往往会做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式形式to admire作宾语。故填to admire。 38．Jack failed to seek a job for his poor education, though he was dying (get) one to support his family. 【答案】to get 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：杰克因教育程度低没能找到工作，尽管他极度渴望得到一份工作来养家糊口。be dying to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“渴望做某事”，故填to get。 39．He graduated in 2001 and in the years (come) he did scientific research all the time. 【答案】to come 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他于 2001 年毕业，在接下来的这些年里，他一直从事科学研究工作。短语in the years to come表示“在未来的几年里”。不定式作定语。故填to come。 40．The activity will start soon. What if the senior citizens forget (register) for the activity? 【答案】to register 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：活动马上就要开始了。如果老人们忘记报名参加活动怎么办？forget to do sth. 是固定短语，表示“忘记去做某事（事情还没做）”，此处为不定式结构作宾语。故填to register。 二、完成句子 41．我们需要招聘一些新人为这项重要的项目注入活力。 We need some new people to ______ ______ ______ this significant project. 【答案】 breathe life into 【详解】考查动词短语。结合语境可知，此处表达“为……注入活力”，应用动词短语breathe life into，need sb. to do sth.表示“需要某人做某事”，所以这里用动词原形breathe。故填breathe life into。 42．我很乐意参加这个活动。 I am very happy to ________ ________ _____ the activity. 【答案】 take part in 【详解】考查动词短语。 “参加”常见表达为“take part in”，这里“to”后接动词原形，故填take；part；in。 43．他点头示意我们离开。 He nodded ________ ________ ________ us to leave. 【答案】 to signal for 【详解】考查短语。结合句意表示“示意”短语为signal for sb. to do sth.，且上文为短语nod to do sth.。故填to signal for。 44．他下定决心改掉坏习惯。 He ________ ________ ________ break away from his bad habits. 【答案】 is determined to 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“下定决心做某事”短语为be determined to do sth.，句子陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为he，be动词使用is。故填is determined to。 45．苏格兰没有成功脱离英国。 Scotland failed to ________ ________ ________ the United Kingdom. 【答案】 break away from 【详解】考查动词短语。“脱离”应该用动词短语break away from表示，根据空格前的不定式符号to，break用动词原形。故填break；away；from。 46．他放慢语速是为了让每个人都能听懂。 He spoke slowly ________ ________ himself understood. 【答案】 to make 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“为了让……”可用动词不定式to do作目的状语，“让每个人都能听懂”可理解为“使自己被理解”，用“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，表达为make himself understood。故填to make。 47．他离开了贫穷的村庄，去大城市寻找财富。 He left the poor village and went to the big city ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 to seek his fortune 【详解】考查动词不定式和动词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语，表示“寻找他的财富”应为动词短语seek his fortune。故分别填to；seek；his；fortune。 48．这个问题太难了，我解不出来。 The problem is ________ ________ ________ me ________ work out. 【答案】 too difficult for to 【详解】考查固定句型。结合汉语句及英文提示，本句实为“对某人来说……太……以至于不能……”句型，可用“主语+ be + too+ adj.+ for sb. + to do…”结构表示。本句相当于“这个问题对我来说太难，以至于不能解出来”，其中too后接形容词，表示“难”用difficult；me前为介词for；动词短语work out前为不定式符号to；全句为The problems is too difficult for me to work out.。故第一空填too，第二空填difficult，第三空填for；第四空填to。 49．这位年轻老师用有趣的故事和小组活动，努力让枯燥的课堂焕发生机。 The young teacher tried to ________ ________ ________ the boring class with interesting stories and group activities. 【答案】 bring life to 【详解】考查动词短语。“使……焕发生机/变得有活力”常用固定短语bring life to，tried to后接动词原形。故①填bring；②填life；③填to。 50．我写信想申请我们学校英语协会志愿者的职位。 I am writing to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ volunteer for our school English association. 【答案】 apply for the position of 【详解】考查短语。表达“申请……”用apply for，apply位于不定式符号to后，用原形，“……的职位”用the position of。故填apply；for；the；position；of。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Sea Exploration 动词不定式练习 一、语法填空 1．Those who keep working hard and never lose heart are, regardless of countless failures, eager (achieve) their dreams. 2．People with high EQs are less likely (trouble) by internal problems. 3．Furthermore, the local authorities began to use the media (spread) environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy. 4．This report looks at the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken (deal) with it. 5．It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity (educate) everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts. 6．When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature (rise) quickly. 7．An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared (starve) and died. 8．You are likely (suffer) from bad health if you don’t give up smoking. 9． (show) our great concern about the disabled, the Student’s English club will organize an activity with the theme “What can we do for the disabled”. 10．These businessmen are anxious (know) the detailed contents of the policy. 11．Persuaded not (throw) in the towel, she rose to the challenge and finally made it. 12．The teacher inspired his students (work) harder. 13．The prisoner attempted (escape) but failed. 14．She is determined (succeed) no matter what difficulties she faces. 15．The company failed (respond) to the customer’s complaint in a timely manner. 16． (reduce) air pollution, the government has introduced stricter environmental laws. 17．Many young people in the 19th century left their hometowns (seek) their fortunes in the gold mines. 18．The scientist claimed (discover) a new species of insect. 19．It is necessary for us (exchange) learning experience regularly. 20．The proposal (discuss) tomorrow involves a plan that was suggested last month. 21． (accept) by a top university, she worked harder than anyone else in her class. 22．Nobody claimed (be) responsible for the collapse of the building, leaving the government in trouble. 23．To my amazement, our first attempt (develop) new software was a great success. 24．Jim dreams of becoming a famous artist. However, an illness in the family forces Jim (give) up everything he worked so hard for. 25．When shopping online, he prefers (pay) by credit card rather than make a direct bank transfer for better protection. 26．To her joy, her daughter resolved (study) harder after failing the exam. 27．What we need to do at this critical moment is (stay) at home and not meet people face-to-face. 28．She told me not (buy) any toys. She has too many baby toys. 29．It is difficult to (identity) the difference between the two pictures at first glance. 30．Many young people struggle (balance) their study and part-time work in modern society. 31．They set out (explore) the jungle, where they will recognize the worth of the mysterious natural world. 32．His success will surely encourage more young players (pursue) their goals. 33．Before choices are finalized, parents/carers will be asked to sign (confirm) their child’s choices. 34．The new plan is expected (effect) great improvements in our working efficiency soon. 35．She sat down and proceeded (tell) me about her skiing holiday. 36．Many passengers were feared to have been injured when the bus was reported (crash). 37．Students tend (admire) the teachers who do justice to every student. 38．Jack failed to seek a job for his poor education, though he was dying (get) one to support his family. 39．He graduated in 2001 and in the years (come) he did scientific research all the time. 40．The activity will start soon. What if the senior citizens forget (register) for the activity? 二、完成句子 41．我们需要招聘一些新人为这项重要的项目注入活力。 We need some new people to ______ ______ ______ this significant project. 42．我很乐意参加这个活动。 I am very happy to ________ ________ _____ the activity. 43．他点头示意我们离开。 He nodded ________ ________ ________ us to leave. 44．他下定决心改掉坏习惯。 He ________ ________ ________ break away from his bad habits. 45．苏格兰没有成功脱离英国。 Scotland failed to ________ ________ ________ the United Kingdom. 46．他放慢语速是为了让每个人都能听懂。 He spoke slowly ________ ________ himself understood. 47．他离开了贫穷的村庄，去大城市寻找财富。 He left the poor village and went to the big city ________ ________ ________ ________. 48．这个问题太难了，我解不出来。 The problem is ________ ________ ________ me ________ work out. 49．这位年轻老师用有趣的故事和小组活动，努力让枯燥的课堂焕发生机。 The young teacher tried to ________ ________ ________ the boring class with interesting stories and group activities. 50．我写信想申请我们学校英语协会志愿者的职位。 I am writing to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ volunteer for our school English association. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $