第五讲 形容词和副词-【新中考重难点解析】2026年中考英语复习

第二部分词法基础知识 C.in1930's D.in the 1930s 20.Who was in 400-meter race? A.the first B.one C.first D.the one 21.In figure,nine million is A.9,000,000 B.900,000 C.90,000 D.900,000,000 第五讲 形容词和副词 第一节 复习备考指南 一、形容词 形容词在句中可作定语、表语和宾语补足语等。 1.形容词作定语时一般放在被修饰的名词之前。 He is a clever boy. 多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时，通常按这样的顺序排列：限定词（冠词，人称 代词所有格)+描绘性形容词+大小+形状+新旧/年龄+颜色+国家/地区+材 料+用途+被修饰的词。 Her cousin still lives in this small house. Mike bought two beautiful Chinese silk skirts. 形容词后有介词短语或不定式短语时，必须置于所修饰的名词后。 a teacher easy to make friends with 形容词修饰不定代词时后置。 anything terrible nothing exciting 2.形容词跟在连系动词后作表语。 smell good look young taste bad alone,afraid,asleep,alive,alike,awake等形容词只用作表语。 3.形容词用作宾补。 We found John very smart. 二、副词 副词在句中主要充当以下几种成分： 33 新中考重难点精析英语 1.作状语，用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子，表示动作发生的时 间、地点、方式、程度等。 In order to buy a new car,she worked hard all year long. 2.作表语，只有表示时间、地点、离开、动作方向等的少数副词才能用作表语。 Time is up. 3.作定语，只有表示时间、地点等的少数副词才能用作定语。 The workers here are very friendly to me. 三、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 1.比较级和最高级的构成（规则变化见表一，不规则变化见表二）。 表一 构成法 原形 比较级 最高级 一般在词尾加er和est short shorter shortest 以e结尾的加r和st brave braver bravest 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个 big bigger biggest 辅音字母的，先双写最后一个字 fat fatter fattest 母，再加er和est thin thinner thinnest 以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先将y easy easier easiest 改为i,再加er和est heavy heavier heaviest 多音节的形容词以及大部分的副 expensive more expensive most expensive 词加more构成比较级，加most slowly more slowly most slowly 构成最高级 interesting more interesting most interesting 表二 原形 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least farther farthest far further furthest older oldest old elder eldest 34 第二部分词法基础知识 【注意】 (1)farther表示“更远的”，而further则表示“更进一步的”。 Rome is farther from London than Paris is.相比巴黎，罗马离伦敦更远。 (2)elder和eldest主要表示兄弟、姐妹之间的长幼关系。 Mary is her elder sister.玛丽是她的姐姐. 2.比较级和最高级的用法（见表三）。 3.比较级的特殊用法。 (1)表示“几倍于…”，用“倍数+as+addj./adv.+as”或“倍数-1+比较级+ than”结构。 表三 范围 结构 例句 as+adj./adv.+as(与… A=B This pen is as cheap as that one. 一样) not as/so adj./adv.as John is not as/so clever as Mike. (与…不一样) 两者之间 A<B He can run much faster than his brother. 或A>B far,much,even,a little,a English is far more widely used than lot,still+比较级+thanFrench. (比…) My room is a little bigger than Mike's. Tom looks even fatter than before. Is Hong Kong the most beautiful city in the world? the+最高级+(of/in短语) My daughter is the tallest of the three 三者或三者以上 girls. Who studies (the)best in your class? 副词最高级前可省略the Does Jack draw the)fastest of the four boys? Our playground is four times as big as theirs. Our playground is three times bigger than theirs. (2)比较的范畴须一致。 Lily's hair is a little shorter than Lucy.( Lily's hair is a little shorter than Lucy's.( 35% 新中考重难点精析英语 (3)被比较的对象中不能包括某人或某物本身。 Betty is taller than all the girls in her class.( Betty is taller than other girls in her class.(E) Betty is taller than any other girl in her class.(IE) (4)表示两者中“较…的一个”时，比较级前须加the。 This girl is the fatter of the two. (5)两个比较级用and连接，表示“越来越…”。 China is becoming stronger and stronger. (6)“the+比较级，the十比较级”表示“越…，越…”。 The harder you study,the more progress you will make. 4.最高级的特殊用法。 (1)最高级前可加序数词second和third等，表示“第二”“第三”等。 Which do you think is the second most useful invention? (2)形容词最高级表示“最…之一”时，要用“one of+形容词最高级+复数名词”。 Is Jack one of the best students in his class? 5.注意下列形容词、副词的区别。 ①alive,living ②lonely,alone ③asleep,sleepy ④ago,before ⑤almost,nearly ⑥already,yet Dno longer,not...any longer ⑧loud,loudly ⑨hardly,seldom 10some time,sometime,sometimes 第二节往届试题选析 1.In order to pass the exam,you need to work much now. A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.hardly 解析：考查副词比较级的用法。根据In order to pass the exam,you need to work much 0w可知，句意为“为了通过考试，你现在需要更加努力学 习”，这是现在和过去的比较，应该用比较级形式；又muCh+形容词或副词的比 较级表示“更…”，此处应该是副词hard比较级形式harder修饰动词work, 意思是“学习更努力”，故选B。 2.一Did you get Wechat red envelope(微信红包)during the Spring Festival? -Yes.It's the most popular way of sending traditional holiday presents now. 36 第二部分词法基础知识 A.totally B.widely C.actually D.hardly 解析：考查副词的词义辨析。首先明确选项中副词的意思。A.全部地；B.广泛 地；C.确实是；D.几乎不。根据语境推测答语的句意是“这的确是现在最受欢 迎的赠送传统节日礼物的方式了”，由此判断句子中缺少“确实”一词，故选C。 3.Miss Brown tells us to remember that careful we are, mistakes we will make. A.the more;the fewer B.the fewer;the more C.the more;the less D.the fewer;the less 解析：考查形容词比较级的用法。句意为：布朗小姐要我们记住，越仔细犯的错 误越少。“the十比较级…，the十比较级…”结构表示“越…，就越…”， 表示“越细心”要用the more careful,先排除B和D;mistakes是可数名词复 数，要用fewer来修饰，即fewer mistakes,故选A。 4.I came to school this morning because it was my turn to clean our classroom A.early B.slowly C.quietly D.suddenly 解析：考查副词辨析。句意为：今天早上我提前到校是因为轮到我打扫教室了。 early意为“提前”，符合句意。slowly意为“慢慢地”；quietly意为“安静地”； suddenly意为“突然地”，均与句意不符。故选A。 5.-Why is Mike so popular in your class? -Because he always tells jokes.He is A.humorous B.polite C.honest D.friendly 解析：考查形容词辨析。句意为：一为什么Mik在你们班这么受欢迎？一因为 他总是讲笑话。他很幽默。根据he always tells jokes可知，Mike很幽默。 humorous意为“幽默的”，符合句意。polite意为“礼貌的”；honest意为“诚实 的”；friendly意为“友好的”，均与句意不符。故选A。 6.-It's today.Let's go to the beach. -Sounds great!Don't forget your sunglasses. A.rainy B.windy C.sunny D.cloudy 解析：考查形容词辨析。句意为：一今天天气晴朗，我们去沙滩吧。一听起来好极 了！不要忘（拿）你的太阳镜。rainy意为“下雨的”，windy意为“刮风的”，cloudy 意为“多云的”，均不符合题意。suy意为“晴朗的”，符合题意。故选C。 37 新中考重难点精析英语 7.-How your sofa feels! -Is it like a soft bed?I often lie on it for a short break at noon. A.terrible B.comfortable C.humorous D.dangerous 解析：考查形容词辨析。句意为：一你的沙发摸起来真舒服啊！一它像柔软的床 吗？我中午的时候经常躺在上面小憩。terrible意为“糟糕的”，dangerous意为“危 险的”，humorous意为“幽默的”，均不符合题意。comfortable意为“舒服的”，符合题 意。故选B。 8.-Is the weather still hot and dry these days? -Yes.It will rain this week. A.hardly B.actually C.mostly D.recently 解析：考查副词辨析。句意为：一这几天天气还是又热又千燥吗？一是的。这周 几乎不会下雨。recently意为“最近”，actually意为“实际上”，mostly意为“主要 地，通常”，均不符合题意。hardly意为“几乎不”，符合题意。故选A。 9.It is to say "thank you"very often,even to family members. A.polite B.rude C.dangerous D.humorous 解析：考查形容词辨析。句意为：经常说“谢谢你”是有礼貌的，即使是对家人。 polite意为“有礼貌的”，符合句意。故选A。 10.I know how busy you are and naturally I wouldn't take too much of your time. A.off B.up C.on D.down 解析：考查take动词短语辨析。句意为：我知道你很忙，自然也不会占用你太 多的时间。take off意为“脱下（衣物）或（飞机）起飞”；take on意为“聘用，雇 用”；take down意为“写下，记下”；take up意为“占用”，符合句意。故选B。 11.-Give me a hand,Jim.I have to climb up the tree to get my kite. -Better not.You have to take your safety A.seriously B.completely C.comfortably D.slowly 解析：考查副词辨析。句意：一吉姆，帮我一下。我不得不爬树去拿我的风 筝。一你最好不要。你必须认真考虑你的安全。seriously意为“严肃地”； completely意为“完全地”；comfortably意为“舒适地”；slowly意为“慢慢地”。 take sth.seriously表示“严肃，认真对待某事”，固定搭配。故选A。 12.We should eat fruit and vegetables to keep healthy. 38 第二部分词法基础知识 A.free B.fresh C.soft D.sweet 解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：为保持身体健康，我们应该吃新鲜的水果和蔬菜。 free意为“免费的”；fresh意为“新鲜的”；soft意为“软的”；sweet意为“甜的”。根 据生活常识我们可知应吃新鲜的水果和蔬菜来保持身体健康。故选B。 第三节模拟试题精选 1.-Mum,would you please walk a little more -Sorry!I thought you could follow me. A.quickly B.quietly C.politely D.slowly 2.Is Peter a shy boy with words? A.many B.a little C.few D.little 3.-You dance much than before. -Thank you. A.well B.better C.good D.best 4.My aunt thinks real cards are than e-cards. A.nice B.nicer C.nicest D.the nicest 5.My best friend Betty can't find her purse anywhere,so she feels A.anxious B.anxiously C.afraid D.exciting 6.I stayed up all night playing computer games.The next morning,I felt too to get up on time. A.exhausted B.exhausting C.excited D.exciting 7.Li Ming jumped of all the students at the school sports meeting A.farther B.the farthest C.far D.high 8.The busier my father is,the he feels. A.more happy B.happy C.happier D.happily 9.Frank doesn't work so as his brother. A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.the hardest 10.John,don't put the book so close to your eyes!Move it a bit will you? A.longer B.farther C.nearer D.shorter 39 新中考重难点精析英语 11.-Mum,the meat you cooked yesterday has gone -Really? A.bad B.badly C.the bad D.the badly 12.Do you think Paris is one of the in the world? A.big city B.biggest city C.most big cities D.biggest cities 第六讲 介词 第一节复习备考指南 一、介词的定义 介词必须与名词或代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语、从句等构成介词短语 才能充当一个句子的成分。介词属于虚词，在句中不重读，不能单独作句子成分。 初中阶段所学的介词大致如下： in,on,of,by,at,up,to,for,off,after,against,among,about,along, above,across,around,before,during,behind,beside,below,but,except, down,from,like,near,over,round,toward,until,under,till,through, within,between等。 二、部分介词的用法 1.above与over的比较。 above与below相对，它指高于某物，但不是正 Above 上方。 Over over与under相对，它表示“在…垂直的上方”。 There is a bridge over the river. There is a bridge above the river. The children are standing under the tree. The temperature today is below zero. 2.after与in的比较。 名词词组“after+时间段”表示从过去某时间往后推算一段时间，谓语动词用 40《新中考重难点精析》(2024.1)英语听力材料 及参考答案 第二部分 词法基础知识 第一讲冠词 1-5 BADAB 第二讲名词 1-5 BBDCB 6-9 CBBD 第三讲代词 1-5 DCBDB 6-10 DABDC 11-13DBA 第四讲 数词 1-5 AABCC 6-10 BBCCC 11-15 CCCCA 16-21 BBBDAA 第五讲形容词和副词 1-5 DCBBA 6-10 ABCAB 11-12AD 第六讲介词 1-5 BABCD 6-10 CABBC 11-15 BCDAB 16-20 ADDDB 第七讲连词 1-5 CDBCB 6-10 BDCCC 11-15 BDDCA 16-20 ADDDC 第八讲动词的种类和基本形式 1-5 CBBCA 6-10 CDDCA 11-15 BCDAA 16-20 DADBD 第九讲动词的时态 1-5 AAAAD 6-10 BBDDB 11-15 CBCCB 16-20 ADCCC 新中考重难点精析试题参考答案 ·1…