第二部分 专题三 形容词和副词-【练客中考】2026年安徽新中考英语精讲册word（人教版）

该初中英语讲义聚焦中考形容词和副词核心专题，覆盖形容词用法（定语、表语等）、词义与短语辨析、副词分类及用法、比较等级（规则与不规则变化及用法）等必考考点，考查题型含单项填空、完形填空、单词拼写。通过“考点梳理+方法指导+真题训练”流程，结合近10年真题语境辨析实例，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破用法差异、比较等级等难点。 资料亮点在于“语境驱动+规则可视化”教学策略，如通过“the+形容词表一类人”“v.-ing/-ed形容词区别”等考点突破，结合分层训练（基础单选、完形提升）培养学生语言能力与思维品质。特设“真题精讲+即时反馈”环节，如比较等级“the+比较级，the+比较级”用法实例分析，助力学生在有限时间内高效掌握考点，教师可依此精准把控复习节奏，提升学生应考能力。

专题三　形容词和副词 [考查题型：单项填空、完形填空、单词拼写] 形容词和形容词短语[必考：每年 4～9道] 1.形容词的用法 形容词用于修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的性质、状态、属性或特征。基本用法如下： 用法 位置 例句 作定语 位于名词或enough前 This is an interesting book. 位于复合不定代词之后 I have something important to tell you. 作表语 位于系动词后。常见的系动词有：be动词、三变化(turn，get，become)、感官动词以及stay，go，seem等 It is sunny today. You look very happy. Leaves turn yellow in autumn. Lucy always stays positive. 作宾语 补足语 常位于keep，find，make，think，leave等动词的宾语后 I found this story boring. We should keep our classroom clean. 作状语 相当于状语从句，可位于句首、句末或句中 The students finished their group project，happy and proud. 【拓展】 (1)常见的只能作表语的形容词有：alone，asleep，afraid，awake，alive，well，ill。如：Don’t be afraid！ (2)有些形容词位于定冠词the之后，泛指一类人，表示复数概念。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。这类词有：young/old，rich/poor，healthy/ill，living/dead等。如：The wise are always listening，not speaking. (3)v.-ing 形容词与 v.-ed 形容词的区别[讲解详见本书第一部分P7] 2.形容词词义辨析 分析安徽近10年真题可知，形容词词义辨析均为语境辨析，主要在单项填空和完形填空中考查。对于语境辨析类试题，考生首先要掌握各个选项的意思，再根据语境的逻辑关系来确定正确答案。 3.形容词短语辨析 形容词常与of，with，about，for，at，to等介词搭配，构成短语。[详见《课标词汇记背》P85“类别二 形容词短语”] 　针对训练 Ⅰ.单项填空 1.—You see，Peter is an outgoing boy. —Yeah，love is never 　A　 from his childhood. A.absent　 B.different　 C.free　 D.safe 2.—I don’t know which club to choose.Can you give me some advice？ —You need to be 　C　 about your interests first. A.careful B.nervous C.clear D.crazy 3.熟词生义—Life is like a road. It is not always 　C　. —I agree with you. We should learn to face all kinds of difficulties. A.silent B.special C.smooth D.important 4.—It’s not 　A　 for our parents to do all the housework. —You’re right.All family members should share it. A.fair B.true C.strange D.strong 5.What an exciting experience it was to explore the Forbidden City！I learned so much about 　B　 Chinese history. A.beautiful　 B.ancient　 C.perfect　 D.private 6.—Mum，what should I do？The running race will start soon. —Don’t be 　C　. Just take a deep breath and relax yourself. A.blind B.weak C.nervous D.polite 7.—We are proud to see Chinese is more and more popular all over the world. —Exactly！It’s becoming a 　C　 language skill in different fields. A.modern B.difficult C.necessary D.single 8.It is good manners to be 　A　 while watching the raising of our national flag. A.serious B.simple C.close D.wise 9.—Although ants have 　C　 bodies，they can move heavy things together. —That’s true.It’s the magic of teamwork. A.weak B.wild C.tiny D.similar Ⅱ.完形填空 [2025河北改编]Mr Johnson was an excellent maths teacher. His students would 10.　never　 forget their first class he gave them. He always wrote the numbers 2 and 4 on the blackboard in the first class to his 11.　new　 students，and asked them，“What is the answer？” Whenever he asked this question，some of his students said 6 was the 12.　key　. Some others thought that 2 was more proper and some of them 13.　chose　 8 as the answer. Moreover，there were still others who were just sitting on their seats，14.　afraid of　 making mistakes，without a word. While the students were discussing what the answer was，Mr Johnson always waited for their reply 15.　patiently　. Finally，he sighed(叹气) and said，“Your discussion is 16.　useless　 because none of you focused your attention on the point： What 17.　exactly　 the question is asked about. Did I ask you to do anything about the two 18.　numbers　？Were they asked to be added，subtracted(减) or to do some other calculations(计算)？If you don’t know the question exactly，how can you give a 19.　right　 answer？” So let that be a lesson to all of us： It is important to know what the question is before we try to find out the key. (　C　)10.A.often　　　　　　B.hardly C.never D.always (　A　)11.A.new B.wise C.honest D.famous (　B　)12.A.age B.key C.time　 D.score (　B　)13.A.caught B.chose C.covered D.corrected (　D　)14.A.angry with B.proud of C.good with D.afraid of (　B　)15.A.smoothly B.patiently C.strictly D.silently (　A　)16.A.useless B.right C.strange D.true (　B　)17.A.usually B.exactly C.directly D.suddenly (　D　)18.A.letters B.shapes C.lines D.numbers (　C　)19.A.quick B.short C.right D.ready 副词的基本用法及辨析[必考：每年 2～5道] 副词主要用以说明事件发生的时间、地点、行为方式、程度及说话者的态度、观点。 1.副词的基本用法 用法 位置 例句 作状语 位于动词之后，修饰动词 It’s raining heavily now. 位于形容词或其他副词之前，修饰形容词或其他副词 I’m almost ready. 位于句首，修饰整个句子 Luckily，we both love basketball. 动词若带宾语，则放在宾语之后 The girl listens to the teacher carefully. 作表语 位于系动词之后，主要指主语的方向、方位、动作或状态 I’ll be back in five minutes. 作定语 表示时间或地点的副词，一般后置作定语 Life here is full of joy. 作宾语补 足语 位于动宾结构后，补充说明宾语的位置、状态、性质或特征 I saw her out with her friends. 2.副词的分类 分类 位置及用法 示例 频度副词 通常位于行为动词前，be动词、情态动词或第一个助动词之后 always，usually，often，sometimes，seldom，hardly， never 方式副词 位于不及物动词之后或及物动词之前，表示动作的行为方式或状态 quickly，happily，loudly， suddenly，luckily，badly，easily 程度副词 位于被修饰的形容词或副词前，表示强度或程度 heavily，quite，enough，almost，hardly，a lot，too，much 时间副词 常位于句尾，表示动作发生的时间 then，today，now，yesterday，before，ago，soon，later，already 地点副词 常位于句尾，表示动作发生的地点或位置关系 here，there，home，back，off，anywhere，inside 连接副词 常位于句首或句中 also，then，however，instead，besides，anyway，therefore，still， finally 疑问副词 位于句首或句中，引导特殊疑问句或宾语、状语等从句 when，where，why，how 其他 perhaps，abroad，alone 【拓展】 (1)有些以-ly结尾的单词是形容词，如： friendly，lonely，lovely，lively，ugly等 (2)同形形容词和副词 ①词义相近的同形形容词和副词 形容词 副词 We had an early breakfast.(早的) We had breakfast early.(早地) We went by a fast train.(快的) Don’t speak so fast.(快地) ②词义不同的同形形容词和副词 形容词 副词 I want a straight answer.(坦诚的) He went straight to Hefei.(直接地) I don’t feel well today.(健康的) Our plans go well.(顺利地) It is as hard as a stone.(坚硬的) The test is so hard.(困难的) She studies hard.(努力地) He holds the paper hard.(用力地) (3)有些词虽然既可作形容词也可作副词，但加了-ly之后意义相差很大，如： 3.副词词义辨析 分析安徽近10年真题，副词词义辨析主要在单项填空和完形填空中考查，且主要考查的是-ly副词词义辨析，偶尔涉及频度副词和其他副词词义辨析。 　针对训练 Ⅰ.单项填空 20.—If we keep the park clean，our city will become more beautiful. —You’re right. We should 　B　 forget to do our part for the environment. A.always B.never C.often D.sometimes 21.A cloth bag for shopping is not expensive； 　A　，you can use it several times. A.besides B.anyway C.however D.instead 22.The two photos look quite similar. I can 　C　 find any differences between them. A.almost B.only C.hardly D.really 23.After several months of hard work，the students 　D　 turned the empty land into a beautiful garden. A.suddenly B.certainly C.strangely D.completely 24.—I am feeling bad today and I feel nothing goes well. —Take it easy. 　B　，tomorrow is another day. A.Instead B.Anyway C.However D.Otherwise 25.Weight control isn’t 　A　 about losing weight but also about improving health and reducing the risk of diseases. A.simply B.correctly C.smoothly D.hardly 26.A new term is coming. Susan is making a plan 　C　 to improve her study. A.bravely B.politely C.carefully D.easily 27.Unlike the people with negative ideas，Wendy treats difficulties as opportunities and acts 　A　. A.differently B.widely C.exactly D.luckily 28.—Congratulations on winning first prize at the English Singing Contest(比赛)！ —Thank you！I spent 　C　 half a year preparing for it. A.widely B.loudly C.nearly D.mostly 29.AI technology has 　A　 been used in many kinds of fields these days. A.gradually B.normally C.seriously D.comfortably 30.—Ella，you seem to enjoy reading in your spare time. —Yes. Reading can open up my mind.　B　，the more I read，the more I want to know. A.However B.Besides C.Instead D.Later 31.—Nowadays，people use mobile phones too much. —I feel 　D　 the same. We’d better not depend too much on them. A.quickly B.properly C.clearly D.exactly Ⅱ.完形填空 [2025山东枣庄改编]At the age of 13，I received a letter from my parents. The letter 32.　changed　 my school life. It was the end of the first term at my new school. I got a very 33.　bad　 score in the final exam. It was the worst score that I had ever had. And it felt like everyone in the class laughed at me. I felt so 34.　sad　 that I lost my hope. One day，when I arrived home，my parents noticed my problem and asked me what had happened. I told them the truth. Instead of being 35.　angry　 with me，they said nothing. The next morning，when I 36.　got up　，I found there was a letter on my desk. It was from my parents. In the letter，they told me，“Everyone in the world wants to win，37.　but　 none of them can always win，so it’s important for you to learn from failure and don’t lose your hope. We believe you can succeed one day.” 38.　Suddenly　，I felt warm in my heart. The 39.　letter　 cheered me up. After I thought about my failure 40.　carefully　，I found out the reasons and made a plan. By doing so，I learned a lot and became more and more confident. From my experience，I learned that to be 41.　confident　 is the best way to solve difficulties. Believe in myself，and I will win. I’ll remember this forever. (　C　)32.A.took　 　　　 B.broke C.changed D.stopped (　B　)33.A.good　 B.bad　 C.easy　 D.small (　A　)34.A.sad B.lucky C.happy D.bored (　D　)35.A.satisfied B.bored C.patient D.angry (　B　)36.A.put up B.got up C.broke down D.turned down (　A　)37.A.but B.or C.so D.though (　C　)38.A.Honestly B.Luckily C.Suddenly D.Clearly (　C　)39.A.grade B.gift C.letter D.book (　D　)40.A.quickly B.finally C.slowly D.carefully (　A　)41.A.confident B.patient C.brave D.polite 形容词和副词的比较等级[2020.46， 2017.35] 1.形容词、副词比较等级的变化规则 (1)规则变化 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词 和少数双 音节词 直接加-er，-est young younger youngest 以不发音的字母e结尾的加-r，-st large larger largest 以单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er，-est big fat hot bigger fatter hotter biggest fattest hottest 以“辅音字母加y”结尾，先变y为i，再加-er，-est happy easy healthy happier easier healthier happiest easiest healthiest 多音节词 和部分双 音节词 在原级前加more，most careful important more careful more important most careful most important (2)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 2.形容词、副词比较等级的用法 (1)原级的用法 比较程度 表达方式和含义 例句 同等程度 肯定形式 as＋原级＋as “和……一样……” Tom runs as fast as Mike. 否定形式 not＋so/as＋原级＋as “不如……那样……” This room is not as/so big as that one. 不同程度 倍数＋as＋原级＋as“是……的几倍……” This apple is twice as big as that one. 【拓展】形容词/副词原级一般可用very，so，too，enough，quite等程度副词修饰。 (2)比较级的用法 用法 例句 “比较级＋than”，表示“比” My brother Bob is more hard-working than me. “the＋比较级，the＋比较级”，表示“越……，越……” The more fruit you eat，the healthier you will be. “比较级＋and＋比较级”，表示“越来越……” Our city is becoming cleaner and cleaner. “the＋比较级＋of the two…”，表示“两者中比较……的一个” He is the more active of the two boys. “Which/Who＋be动词/实义动词＋比较级，A or B？”，表示“两者相比较，哪个/谁更……？” Which is nearer to the sun，the moon or the earth？ “比较级＋than any other＋可数名词单数” ＝“比较级＋than the other＋可数名词复数”，表示“比任何一个人/物都……”(比较级形式表最高级含义) Li Gang is taller than any other student in his class.＝Li Gang is taller than the other students in his class. “倍数＋比较级＋than”，表示“比……大/小/长/短等几倍” My apples are three times more than yours. 根据语境判断比较级 This pair of shoes is too big for me，so I want to change for a smaller one. 【拓展】比较级前一般可用much，a little，a lot，even，still，far，a bit等词来修饰。如： It is much warmer than yesterday. (3)最高级的用法 用法 例句 “the＋最高级＋of/in＋比较范围”，表示“……是……中最……的”(三者或三者以上) This picture is the best of all in the box. “one of the＋最高级＋可数名词复数＋比较范围”，表示“……中最……之一” Qipao is one of the most traditional dresses in China. “the＋序数词＋形容词最高级＋可数名词单数＋比较范围”，表示“……中第几……的” She is the second tallest girl in our class. “Which/Who＋be＋the＋最高级，A，B or C？”，表示“三者比较，哪个/谁最……？” Who is the tallest in your class，Tom，Kate or Bill？ 否定词＋比较级(＋than)或can’t/couldn’t＋比较级(否定词有not，no，never，nothing等) Nobody could do the work better than he did. 根据语境判断最高级 There are four seasons in a year. Autumn is the best one for me. ① 形容词最高级前要加the，但当形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等时，不加the。 ② 副词最高级前的the可省略。 　针对训练 42.[2017安徽35题]—What do you think of the movie？ —Great！I have never seen a 　C　 one. A.good　　 B.bad　　 C.better　　 D.worse 43.—Did Li Ling get first place in the 800 meter race？ —Of course. She always runs 　B　 in our school. A.faster B.fastest C.higher D.highest 44.—Judy practices her oral English hard every day. —So she does. She pronounces words 　A　 than before. A.more clearly B.most clearly C.more happily D.most happily 45.—Mary seldom makes mistakes in her homework. —I think so. Of all my friends，she does every-thing 　D　. A.carefully B.more carefully C.less carefully D.most carefully 46.—Does my question sound polite enough？ —I don’t think so. You can ask 　D　 by using “could” instead of “can”. A.impolitely B.more impolitely C.politely D.more politely 47.—Mr He，I am late for school today because I caught the wrong bus this morning. —Never mind. Please come here 　B　 tomorrow. A.early B.earlier C.late D.later 48.With the encouragement of his parents，Peter worked even 　B　 and got high marks in the exam. A.hard B.harder C.fast D.faster 49.—Which class in our grade did 　D　 in the school food festival last Wednesday？ —Class Five did. They raised the most money，1，560 yuan. A.successfully B.more successfully C.less successfully D.most successfully 50.—China is over 5，000 years old. It’s one of 　D　 countries in the world. —Yes，it has a much 　　　 history than many countries. A.old； long B.older； longer C.oldest； longer D.the oldest； longer 51.Learning is like mountain climbing.　C　 you climb，　　　 you will see. A.The high； the far B.The higher； the far C.The higher； the farther D.The high； the farther 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $