Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World 语法填空10篇（单元话题：科学与科学家）-2025-2026学年高一英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World 语法填空10篇 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 科学与科学家 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Professor Chen Ning Yang, a Nobel prize winner in Physics, is one of the 1 (great) physicists of the 20th century, having made revolutionary contributions to the development of modern physics. 2 (regard) as one of the cornerstones of modern physics alongside Maxwell’s equations and Einstein’s theory of general relativity, the Yang-Mills Gauge Theory, which Yang 3 (propose) with Robert Mills in 1954, laid the foundation for the subsequent Standard Model of particle physics. Yang’s 4 (collaborate) with Tsung-Dao Lee on the groundbreaking concept of parity non-conservation (宇称不守恒) in weak interactions earned them the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics, making them the first two Chinese Nobel Prize winners. In 1966, he became the Albert Einstein Professor at the State University of New York at Stony Brook and then he founded the Institute for Theoretical Physics 5 he worked until 1999. He achieved numerous breakthroughs in particle physics, statistical physics, and condensed matter physics, 6 (complete) shaping the development of these disciplines. Professor Yang was deeply devoted to his homeland, making 7 (remark) contributions to China’s scientific and educational developments. His visit to China in 1971 sparked (引发) a wave of visits by overseas scholars, 8 (earn) him recognition as the pioneer in building the bridge of academic exchange 9 China and the United States. Professor Yang’s life was an everlasting legend in exploring 10 unknown and a profound embodiment (体现) of his love for his homeland. 【答案】 1．greatest 2．Regarded 3．proposed 4．collaboration/collaborating 5．where 6．completely 7．remarkable 8．earning 9．between 10．the 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了诺贝尔物理学奖得主杨振宁教授的学术成就、职业经历，以及他对祖国科教事业和中美学术交流的重要贡献。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：诺贝尔物理学奖得主杨振宁教授是20世纪最伟大的物理学家之一，为现代物理学的发展做出了革命性贡献。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，表示“最……之一”，great的最高级形式为greatest，符合语境及语法要求。故填greatest。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：杨-米尔斯规范场论与麦克斯韦方程组和爱因斯坦广义相对论并列为现代物理学的基石之一，该理论由杨振宁与罗伯特·米尔斯于1954年提出，为后来的粒子物理标准模型奠定了基础。句子主语the Yang-Mills Gauge Theory与regard构成被动关系，过去分词短语作状语表被动含义，句首首字母需大写。故填Regarded。 3．考查动词时态。句意：杨-米尔斯规范场论与麦克斯韦方程组和爱因斯坦广义相对论并列为现代物理学的基石之一，该理论由杨振宁与罗伯特·米尔斯于1954年提出，为后来的粒子物理标准模型奠定了基础。根据时间状语in 1954可知，动作发生在过去，谓语动词需用一般过去时，propose的过去式为proposed。故填proposed。 4．考查名词。句意：杨振宁与李政道在弱相互作用中宇称不守恒这一开创性概念上的合作，为他们赢得了1957年的诺贝尔物理学奖，使他们成为首批两位华裔诺贝尔奖得主。Yang’s为名词所有格，后需接名词作主语，collaborate的名词形式为collaboration（不可数名词）或动名词形式。故填collaboration/collaborating。 5．考查定语从句关系词。句意：1966年，他成为纽约州立大学石溪分校的阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦教授，之后创立了理论物理研究所，并在那里工作到1999年。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the Institute for Theoretical Physics，从句中缺少地点状语，需用关系副词where引导定语从句，指代“在该研究所”。故填where。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：他在粒子物理、统计物理和凝聚态物理领域取得了多项突破，彻底影响了这些学科的发展。修饰动词shaping，应用副词completely“彻底地”作状语。故填completely。 7．考查形容词。句意：杨振宁教授深爱祖国，为中国的科教事业发展做出了卓越贡献。此处需用形容词修饰名词contributions，remark的形容词形式为remarkable（意为“卓越的、显著的”），符合语境。故填remarkable。 8．考查非谓语动词（现在分词）。句意：他1971年的中国之行引发了海外学者的访华热潮，使他被誉为搭建中美学术交流桥梁的开拓者。句子主语His visit to China in 1971与earn构成主动关系，现在分词短语作伴随状语，earn的现在分词形式为earning。故填earning。 9．考查介词。句意：他1971年的中国之行引发了海外学者的访华热潮，使他被誉为搭建中美学术交流桥梁的开拓者。between...and...为固定搭配，表“在……和……之间”，此处指中美两国之间的学术交流，需用介词between。故填between。 10．考查定冠词。句意：杨振宁教授的一生，是探索未知事物的不朽传奇，也是他对祖国热爱的深刻体现。“the + 形容词”可表示一类事物，the unknown意为“未知的事物”，为固定表达，符合语境。故填the。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are few people in human history 1 last names alone are sufficient to bring to mind kindness, goodness, wisdom, grace — Mandela, Gandhi, King, Lincoln. Add to that list Goodall. The other four left us years ago. On Oct. 1, 2025, Jane Goodall — primatologist, zoologist, anthropologist and 2 (conserve) joined them, dying at the age of 91. Her death, while on a speaking tour, 3 (confirm) by the Jane Goodall Institute. The prose (散文) of the announcement was a fitting reflection of the quiet and deliberate way Goodall lived her 4 (remark) life-qualities that were essential 5 work that required hours, months, and years in the jungles and clearings of Africa, most notably in the Gombe National Park in Tanzania. It was 1960 6 Goodall first arrived in Gombe, part of a group of three young naturalists. Most of Dr. Goodall’s observations focused on several generations of 7 troop of 30 to 40 chimpanzees, the species 8 (genetic) closest to humans. Dr. Goodall was the first scientist 9 (explain) to the world that chimpanzee mothers are capable of giving birth only once every four and a half to six years. Since the 1970s Dr. Goodall has continued to spend less time observing chimpanzees and far more time 10 (seek) to protect them and their disappearing habitat. She made it clear that she was opposed to capturing wild chimpanzees for display in zoos or for medical research. 【答案】 1．whose 2．conservationist 3．was confirmed 4．remarkable 5．to 6．when 7．a 8．genetically 9．to explain 10．seeking 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了灵长类动物学家、动物学家、人类学家兼环保主义者珍·古道尔的相关事迹。 1．考查定语从句。句意：人类历史上，很少有人仅凭姓氏就能让人联想到善良、美德、智慧与优雅——曼德拉、甘地、金、林肯皆是如此。此处引导定语从句，先行词是few people，指人，在从句中作定语，修饰last names，需用关系代词whose。故填whose。 2．考查名词。句意：在这份名单上再添一个名字——古道尔。上述四位多年前已离我们而去，而灵长类动物学家、动物学家、人类学家兼环保主义者珍·古道尔于2025年10月1日逝世，享年91岁。此处与primatologist、zoologist、anthropologist并列，作Jane Goodall的同位语，需用名词形式，conserve的名词是conservationist（环保主义者），结合语境用单数。故填conservationist。 3．考查动词时态和语态。句意：珍·古道尔研究所证实，她是在巡回演讲途中逝世的。句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时；主语Her death与confirm之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was confirmed。 4．考查形容词。句意：公告的文字风格恰如其分地反映了古道尔不平凡的一生所秉持的从容沉稳、深思熟虑的特质，而这些特质，对于她在非洲丛林与林间空地耗费数小时、数月乃至数年开展的研究工作而言至关重要，其中最著名的研究地点是坦桑尼亚的贡贝国家公园。此处修饰名词life，需用形容词形式，remark的形容词是remarkable（非凡的；引人注目的）。故填remarkable。 5．考查介词。句意：公告的文字风格恰如其分地反映了古道尔不平凡的一生所秉持的从容沉稳、深思熟虑的特质，而这些特质，对于她在非洲丛林与林间空地耗费数小时、数月乃至数年开展的研究工作而言至关重要，其中最著名的研究地点是坦桑尼亚的贡贝国家公园。be essential to是固定搭配，意为“对……至关重要”，符合语境。故填to。 6．考查定语从句。句意：1960年，古道尔首次抵达贡贝，当时她是三名年轻博物学家中的一员。此处引导定语从句，先行词为1960，在从句作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故填when。 7．考查不定冠词。句意：古道尔博士的大部分观察都集中在一群由30到40只黑猩猩组成的种群的几代成员身上，黑猩猩是与人类基因最接近的物种。a troop of是固定搭配，意为“一群（动物）”，troop以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 8．考查副词。句意：古道尔博士的大部分观察都集中在一群由30到40只黑猩猩组成的种群的几代成员身上，黑猩猩是与人类基因最接近的物种。此处修饰形容词closest，需用副词形式，genetic的副词是genetically（从基因方面；基因上）。故填genetically。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：古道尔博士是首位向世界解释黑猩猩母亲每四年半到六年才能生育一次的科学家。名词前有序数词the first修饰，后面用动词不定式作后置定语，故填to explain。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：自20世纪70年代以来，古道尔博士投入观察黑猩猩的时间越来越少，而将更多时间用于寻求保护黑猩猩及其日益萎缩的栖息地的方法。spend time (in) doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，此处与前面的observing并列，故填seeking。 Passage 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jane Goodall, a scientist whose studies of wild chimpanzees have made her a household name, died on October 1, 2025, at the age of 91. 1 (consider) the world’s leading expert on chimpanzees, she found her approach initially met with much 2 (criticize) from other scientists. She observed the animals in the forest, 3 (give) them names and documenting their unique personalities. However, Goodall never doubted 4 she was doing was right. She owed this courage 5 her mother, who stayed with her in the early days of her research when authorities opposed a young girl working alone in the forest. The world took notice of her work when her first article 6 (publish) in 1963. In 1965, she earned her doctorate and founded the Gombe Stream Research Center with her husband. The center, 7 she dedicated decades of her life, is now home to the longest, most 8 (detail) study of an animal in its natural habitat anywhere in the world. Goodall established her own institute in 1977, working closely with Gombe National Park’s surrounding communities 9 (advance) human prospects and guard natural treasures. Even in her 80s, she traveled about 300 days a year to meet with world leaders about climate change. Her pioneering work, which challenged previous conceptions of human uniqueness, forever changed how we view nature 10 (it). 【答案】 1．Considered 2．criticism 3．giving 4．what 5．to 6．was published 7．where 8．detailed 9．to advance 10．itself 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了知名黑猩猩研究科学家珍·古道尔逝世，其研究曾遭质疑，后成果受关注，她建研究中心与机构，推动环保，重塑人类对自然的认知。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为世界上研究黑猩猩领域的顶尖专家，她发现自己的研究方法起初遭到了其他科学家的诸多批评。此处consider与she构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Considered。 2．考查名词。句意：作为世界上研究黑猩猩领域的顶尖专家，她发现自己的研究方法起初遭到了其他科学家的诸多批评。作介词的宾语，用名词criticism。故填criticism。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：她观察着森林里的动物，给它们起了名字，并记录下它们各自独特的个性。此处give与she构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填giving。 4．考查宾语从句。句意：然而，古道尔从未怀疑过自己所做之事的正确性。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，故填what。 5．考查介词。句意：她把这份勇气归功于自己的母亲——在她研究初期，当局反对让一个年轻女孩独自在森林里开展工作时，母亲一直陪伴着她。短语owe to表示“归功于”。故填to。 6．考查时态语态。句意：1963年她的第一篇文章发表后，世人开始关注她的作品。主语article与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in 1963可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was published。 7．考查定语从句。句意：她在此工作了数十年的这个中心，如今已成为全球范围内对某一动物在自然栖息地中的研究中持续时间最长、最为详尽的一项研究的所在地。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词center，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 8．考查形容词。句意：她在此工作了数十年的这个中心，如今已成为全球范围内对某一动物在自然栖息地中的研究中持续时间最长、最为详尽的一项研究的所在地。修饰名词study用形容词detailed。故填detailed。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：古道尔于1977年建立了自己的研究机构，她与贡贝国家公园周边的社区密切合作，致力于改善人类生活状况并保护自然遗产。此处advance作目的状语，用不定式。故填to advance。 10．考查代词。句意：她的开创性研究挑战了以往对于人类独特性的认知，从而彻底改变了我们对自然本身的看法。此处指自然“它自己”用反身代词itself，作同位语。故填itself。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When visiting the Chinese mainland in early 2025, Jane Goodall spoke in an interview. “I treasure forests and animals, and I’m 1 (deep) invested in our planet’s future,” she said, generating widespread 2 (respond) when the interview was shared online. Goodall, the famous British zoologist and conservationist, made pioneering research in Tanzania’s Gombe region. 3 struck the world most was that she found that chimpanzees (黑猩猩) can reason, feel emotions like joy and sorrow, and use tools. These features had been thought unique to humans before she 4 (release) her findings, reshaping global understanding of chimpanzees. Many Chinese netizens recalled learning about Goodall and her touching stories in either English 5 biology classes. One netizen said, “She treated chimpanzees like friends and devoted her life to 6 (protect) animals from being harmed. Her moments with them will live on.” In an interview, Goodall reviewed 7 passage from a Chinese biology textbook about her early fieldwork. It described how chimpanzees initially escaped from her at 500 meters, forcing her 8 (use) telescopes. Months later, a male chimpanzee she named David ate near her camp. Each morning, she sat outside her tent (帐篷) to build trust with them. Jane Goodall passed away on October 1 at 91. She paid 9 (visit) to China at least 17 times, leaving a lasting impact through her work, which is featured in Chinese school textbooks. Social media platforms in China have been filled with 10 (respect) posts celebrating her dedication to wildlife and environmental protection. 【答案】 1．deeply 2．response 3．What 4．released 5．or 6．protecting 7．a 8．to use 9．visits 10．respectful 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了英国动物学家珍·古道尔的科研成就、与中国的渊源，及她去世后中国网友对她的缅怀与敬意。 1．考查副词。句意：“我珍视森林和动物，并且深深关注着我们星球的未来，”她说，这段采访在网上分享后引发了广泛反响。此处修饰形容词invested，用deep的副词形式deeply，意为“深深地”。故填deeply。 2．考查名词。句意：“我珍视森林和动物，并且深深关注着我们星球的未来，”她说，这段采访在网上分享后引发了广泛反响。此处作generating的宾语，用respond的名词形式response，意为“反响、回应”，为不可数名词。故填response。 3．考查主语从句。句意：最令世界震惊的是，她发现黑猩猩能够推理、感受喜悦和悲伤等情绪，并且会使用工具。此处为连接词引导的主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代“令世界震惊的事情”，用连接词what，位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 4．考查动词时态。句意：在她公布研究结果之前，这些特征被认为是人类独有的，这重塑了全球对黑猩猩的认知。此处为谓语动词，句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为released。故填released。 5．考查连词。句意：许多中国网友回忆起在英语课或生物课上学习过古道尔和她感人的故事。此处为固定搭配“either...or...”，意为“要么……要么……”，用连词or。故填or。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：一位网友说：“她把黑猩猩当作朋友，毕生致力于保护动物免受伤害。她与它们共度的时光将永存。”此处位于介词to之后，用protect的动名词形式protecting，“devote one’s life to doing sth.”意为“毕生致力于做某事”。故填protecting。 7．考查冠词。句意：在一次采访中，古道尔回顾了中国生物课本中关于她早期野外工作的一段文字。passage为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“一段文字”，且passage是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：文中描述了黑猩猩最初在500米外躲避她，迫使她使用望远镜观察。此处为固定搭配“force sb. to do sth.”，意为“迫使某人做某事”，用动词不定式to use作宾补。故填to use。 9．考查名词复数。句意：她至少访问过中国17次，其事迹被收录在中国学校课本中，留下了深远的影响。visit为可数名词单数，结合“at least 17 times”可知，此处使用名词复数，“pay visits to”为固定搭配，意为“访问、拜访”符合句意。故填visits。 10．考查形容词。句意：中国的社交媒体平台上充斥着表达敬意的帖子，赞扬她对野生动物和环境保护的奉献精神。此处修饰名词posts，用respect的形容词形式respectful，意为“充满敬意的”。故填respectful。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huang Xuhua, called “Father of Nuclear Submarines,” passed away in Feb. 2025. Born in 1926 in Guangdong, he witnessed China’s struggles during foreign invasions, 1 shaped his determination to strengthen the country through science. When China launched its nuclear submarine program in the 1950s, Huang immediately answered the call 2 limited technology and resources. To ensure secrecy, he cut contact with his family for decades, 3 (devote) himself entirely to research. The team faced various 4 (challenge). Their most critical task was achieving underwater stability through repeated trials. After two decades of efforts, China successfully tested its first nuclear submarine in the 1970s, becoming the fifth country 5 (master) this technology. Huang continued advancing submarine systems until his 6 (retire). His 7 (remark) contributions earned him the Medal of the Republic in 2019. Huang’s life teaches us that true progress 8 (require) both wisdom and devotion. Young people should embrace his spirit taking social responsibilities, facing difficulties 9 (brave), and keeping national interests above personal needs. It is only through such dedication 10 we can ensure his pioneering spirit lives on, lighting China’s path towards rejuvenation (复兴). 【答案】 1．which 2．despite 3．devoting 4．challenges 5．to master 6．retirement 7．remarkable 8．requires 9．bravely 10．that 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了被誉为“核潜艇之父”的黄旭华如何通过智慧与毅力，克服重重困难发展中国核潜艇技术，并激励年轻一代继承其精神。 1．考查定语从句。句意：他于1926年出生在广东，目睹了中国在遭受外国侵略时所经历的种种艰难困苦，这使他下定决心要通过科学来增强国家实力。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。 2．考查介词。句意：在20世纪50年代中国启动核潜艇项目时，黄立即响应了号召，尽管当时的技术和资源都十分有限。此处表示让步，后跟名词作宾语，用介词despite。故填despite。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保证秘密性，他与家人断绝了联系长达数十年之久，全身心地投入到研究工作中。空处应用非谓语动词，he与devote之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填devoting。 4．考查名词的数。句意：这个团队遇到了各种各样的难题。根据上文various可知为复数。故填challenges。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：经过二十年的努力，中国在20世纪70年代成功试航了其第一艘核潜艇，从而成为第五个掌握此项技术的国家。当名词前有序数词修饰时，其后用动词不定式作定语，根据空前the fifth country可知，空处应用不定式作后置定语，修饰名词country。故填to master。 6．考查名词。句意：黄先生一直致力于潜艇系统的研发工作，直至退休。作介词的宾语，用名词retirement，不可数。故填retirement。 7．考查形容词。句意：他的杰出贡献使他在2019年获得了共和国勋章。空处修饰名词contributions，应用形容词remarkable作定语，表示“卓越的，非凡的”。故填remarkable。 8．考查时态。句意：黄先生的人生经历告诉我们，真正的进步既需要智慧，也需要奉献。根据上文teaches可知为一般现在时，主语为true progress，谓语用三单形式。故填requires。 9．考查副词。句意：年轻人应当传承他的精神，承担社会责任，勇敢面对困难，并将国家利益置于个人需求之上。修饰动词face用副词bravely。故填bravely。 10．考查强调句。句意：只有通过这样的不懈努力，我们才能确保他的开拓精神得以传承，从而照亮中国走向复兴的道路。此处为强调句：it is+被强调部分+that/who+其他，被强调部分为only through such dedication。故填that。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Qian Xuesen was a well-respected scientist. Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian attended school in Beijing and then 1 (enter) Shanghai Jiaotong University to study engineering. When he realized China needed its own 2 (power) air force to protect the country, he went to the United States 3 (continue) his study. In 1955, he returned to China. He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was in charge 4 developing not only China’s rocket science 5 also its space and missile technology. When 6 (ask) “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?”, he replied with determination, “Why not? We Chinese are able to make 7 same things that other people make.” Under 8 (he) leadership, China 9 (successful) launched its first man-made satellite in 1970. Because of his great contribution, he earned the name of ‘the father of China’s aerospace’. On October 31, 2009, the whole country was saddened by his death. Until now, people have honored and remembered Qian in different 10 (way). 【答案】 1．entered 2．powerful 3．to continue 4．of 5．but 6．asked 7．the 8．his 9．successfully 10．ways 【导语】这是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了钱学森的生平，包括求学经历、回国贡献（主导火箭、航天和导弹技术发展，助力首颗人造卫星发射）及人们对他的纪念。 1．考查时态。句意：钱学森1911年生于杭州，在北京上学，后来进入上海交通大学学习工程学。此空考查谓语动词，Qian与enter为主动关系，再根据前文attended可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填entered。 2．考查形容词。句意：当他意识到中国需要自己强大的空军来保卫国家时，他去了美国继续深造。此处修饰名词air force，应用形容词powerful“强大的”，符合语境。故填powerful。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：当他意识到中国需要自己强大的空军来保卫国家时，他去了美国继续深造。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to continue。 4．考查介词。句意：他受到了祖国人民的英雄般的欢迎，负责发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹技术。此空考查in charge of，为固定搭配，意为“负责”。故填of。 5．考查连词。句意：他受到了祖国人民的英雄般的欢迎，负责发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹技术。这里考查not only...but also...，为固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，符合语境。故填but。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问及“我们中国人有可能制造导弹吗?” 时，他坚定地回答：“为什么不能?我们中国人有能力制造和其他人一样的东西。” 此空考查非谓语，句子主语he与ask之间为被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词作状语。故填asked。 7．考查冠词。句意：当被问及“我们中国人有可能制造导弹吗？”时，他坚定地回答：“为什么不能？我们中国人有能力制造和其他人一样的东西。”这里考查the same，为固定搭配，意为“同样的”。故填the。 8．考查代词。句意：在他的领导下，中国于1970年成功发射了第一颗人造卫星。此处修饰名词leadership，应用形容词性物主代词his。故填his。 9．考查副词。句意：在他的领导下，中国于1970年成功发射了第一颗人造卫星。此处修饰动词launched，应用副词successfully，表“成功地”，符合语境。故填successfully。 10．考查名词复数。句意：直到现在，人们以不同的方式纪念和缅怀钱学森。different后接可数名词复数，way的复数形式为 ways。故填ways。 Passage 7 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dr Jian Zhou was a molecular biologist and virologist who worked with Professor Ian Frazer to develop the technology toward the Gardasil and Cervarix vaccines (疫苗), 1 protect against viruses that cause cervical cancer. Born in Hangzhou, China, Dr Zhou graduated from Wenzhou Medical College and went on 2 (obtain) a Master’s degree from Zhejiang Medical University. He studied for a PhD at Henan Medical University, 3 (complete) this in 1987. He received a Doctor of Medicine from the University of Queensland in 1994. Dr Zhou’s interest in human papillomavirus (HPV) 4 (bring) him to Australia in 1990 to join Professor Ian Frazer’s Centre for Immunology and Cancer Research at the University of Queensland. Nearly all cervical cancers are caused by HPV and it 5 (believe) a vaccine against HPV might work. The vaccine required a particle that would stimulate an immune response to the virus, 6 without causing an infection. This was a significant focus of Dr Zhou’s work with Professor Frazer and in 1990, working also with his wife, he succeeded in creating a virus-like particle that was now the basis 7 the Gardasil and Cervarix vaccines. 8 (unfortunate), Dr Zhou died in 1999, at the age of 42. His work has had 9 huge impact on human health globally. The Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences is therefore delighted to establish an award in 10 (recognize) of Dr Zhou. The Jian Zhou Medal was made possible by a generous donation from the Frazer Family Foundation. 【答案】 1．which 2．to obtain 3．completing 4．brought 5．was believed 6．but 7．for 8．Unfortunately 9．a 10．recognition 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了周健博士与Ian Frazer教授合作研发了HPV疫苗的关键技术，其发明的病毒样颗粒成为Gardasil和Cervarix疫苗的基础，为全球宫颈癌防治作出重大贡献。 1．考查定语从句。句意：周健博士是一位分子生物学家和病毒学家，他与Ian Frazer教授合作开发了Gardasil和Cervarix疫苗的技术，这些疫苗可预防导致宫颈癌的病毒。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词the Gardasil and Cervarix vaccines作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：周健出生于中国杭州，毕业于温州医学院，随后继续攻读浙江医科大学的硕士学位。go on to do是固定短语，表示“继续做另一件事”，符合句意，因此空处应用obtain“获得，取得”的不定式形式。故填to obtain。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：他在河南医科大学攻读博士学位，并于1987年完成学业。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，complete“完成”和He逻辑上是主动关系，因此用complete的现在分词形式，作状语。故填completing。 4．考查动词时态。句意：1990年，周健对人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）的研究兴趣促使他前往澳大利亚，加入昆士兰大学的Frazer教授免疫与癌症研究中心。空处作句子的谓语，根据“in 1990”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填brought。 5．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：几乎所有宫颈癌均由HPV引起，而当时人们认为，针对HPV的疫苗可能有效。空处作句子的谓语，结合上下文可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，believe“相信，认为”和形式主语it之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是it，be动词应用was。故填was believed。 6．考查连词。句意：这种疫苗需要一种能刺激对病毒的免疫反应、但不会引发感染的颗粒。根据“would stimulate an immune response to the virus”和“without causing an infection”可知，“刺激免疫反应”与“不引发感染”存在转折关系，因此用连词but。故填but。 7．考查介词。句意：1990年，他与妻子共同努力，成功创造出一种病毒样颗粒，如今成为Gardasil和Cervarix疫苗的基础。名词basis后常跟介词for，表示“以……作为基础”。故填for。 8．考查副词。句意：不幸的是，周健于1999年去世，年仅42岁。空处修饰整个句子，副词unfortunately符合题意，意为“不幸地”，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Unfortunately。 9．考查冠词。句意：他的工作对全球人类健康产生了巨大影响。空处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，限定名词impact，且huge的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 10．考查名词。句意：为此，澳大利亚健康与医学科学院欣然设立奖项，以表彰周健博士的贡献。in recognition of是固定短语，意为“以表彰……”。故填recognition。 Passage 8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Aircraft designer Gu Songfen and nuclear expert Wang Dazhong 1 (award) the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award, China’s top science honour, on 3rd November, 2021. They received the prize for their 2 (remark) contributions to scientific and technological innovation. Born in 1930, Gu is a well-known aircraft designer and an aviation strategy scientist. From 1961 to 1986, he served 3 the chief designer and director of the Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute, 4 is part of the Aviation Industry Corporation of China. He, together with his assistants, established 5 unique system, which was far more advanced than that in America. What’s more, he carried out two aviation strategic 6 (research), making a significant contribution to China’s aviation science and technology. Born in 1935, Wang is a 7 (distinguish) scholar and strategic scientist in international nuclear energy. He 8 (commit) himself to developing advanced nuclear energy systems with inherent safety features since he worked. 9 impresses the nation is that he has helped China make great progress in the development of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor technology, 10 (lay) an important foundation for the country to step into the forefront globally in the field of advanced nuclear energy. 【答案】 1．were awarded 2．remarkable 3．as 4．which 5．a 6．researches 7．distinguished 8．has committed 9．What 10．laying 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了被授予国家杰出科学技术奖的飞机设计师顾诵芬和核专家王大中。 1．考查时态和语态。句意：2021年11月3日，飞机设计师顾诵芬和核专家王大中被授予国家杰出科学技术奖，这是中国最高科学荣誉。空格处是谓语动词，描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时；主语Aircraft designer Gu Songfen and nuclear expert Wang Dazhong与动词award之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；主语是两个人，be动词用were。故填were awarded。 2．考查形容词。句意：他们因在科学技术创新方面的杰出贡献而获得该奖项。根据句意和空格后的名词contributions可知，空格处应该用形容词remarkable作定语，修饰后面的名词。故填remarkable。 3．考查介词。句意：从1961年到1986年，他担任沈阳飞机设计研究所的总设计师和所长，该研究所是中国航空工业集团的一部分。serve as“充当，担任”是固定搭配。故填as。 4．考查定语从句。句意：从1961年到1986年，他担任沈阳飞机设计研究所的总设计师和所长，该研究所是中国航空工业集团的一部分。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词the Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词which代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填which。 5．考查冠词。句意：他与助手们建立了一个独特的系统，这一系统比美国的系统先进得多。根据空格后的单数名词system可知，空格处应该用不定冠词表示泛指，unique的发音是辅音音素开头，所以用a。故填a。 6．考查名词复数。句意： 此外，他还开展了两次航空战略研究，为中国航空科学技术的发展做出了重要贡献。根据空格前的carried out two aviation strategic可知，空格处应该用复数名词researches作宾语。故填researches。 7．考查形容词。句意：王大中出生于1935年，是国际核能领域的杰出学者和战略科学家。根据空格后的名词scholar可知，空格处应该用形容词distinguished作定语，修饰后面的名词。故填distinguished。 8．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自参加工作以来，他一直致力于开发具有固有安全特性的先进核能系统。空格处是谓语动词，根据时间状语since he worked可知，应该用现在完成时；主语是he，助动词用has。故填has committed。 9．考查连接代词。句意：令人印象深刻的是，他帮助中国在高温气冷反应堆技术的开发上取得了巨大进展，为我国在先进核能领域跻身世界前列奠定了重要基础。 impresses the nation是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且意义为“……的事物”，所以应该用连接代词what引导从句。故填What。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：令人印象深刻的是，他帮助中国在高温气冷反应堆技术的开发上取得了巨大进展，为我国在先进核能领域跻身世界前列奠定了重要基础。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词lay与上文的内容之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词laying作状语。故填laying。 Passage 9 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese scientist Lu Qi 1 (award) the title of 2024 Champions of the Earth of Science and Innovation by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) for his contributions to 2 (address) desertification (沙漠化), land degradation and drought on last Tuesday. Lu is the chief scientist of the Chinese Academy of Forestry and founding president of the Institute of Great Green Wall. He is the first Chinese 3 has been honored in this category. According to the UNEP, Lu has played a key role in carrying out the world’s largest afforestation (造林) project 4 in establishing expert research networks and partnerships. This award is the highest 5 (recognize) and greatest encouragement for China’s forestry and grassland efforts, especially for the scientists and technologists 6 (devote) to sand control. The annual Champions of the Earth Award, the UN’s highest environmental honor, recognizes pioneers making efforts 7 (protect) the people and the planet. 122 recipients (接受者) of the award have been honored for outstanding and inspirational environmental leadership 8 2005. Lu said the Champions of the Earth Award would inspire more scientists and ecological workers, particularly younger generations, to contribute 9 (active) to global environmental protection and the achievement of the UN’s 2030 Goals. Lu also expressed a desire to see more 10 (effect) and adaptable desertification control technologies shared globally through initiatives such as China’s Belt and Road Initiative and the Global Development Initiative. 【答案】 1．was awarded 2．addressing 3．that/who 4．and 5．recognition 6．devoted 7．to protect 8．since 9．actively 10．effective 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国科学家卢琦因在防治沙漠化领域的贡献获得联合国环保奖的消息。 1．考查动词时态语态。句意：中国科学家卢琦上周二因在应对沙漠化、土地退化和干旱方面的贡献，被联合国环境规划署（UNEP）授予2024年度“地球卫士奖”之“科学与创新奖”。根据时间状语last Tuesday可知，事情发生在过去，时态应用一般过去时；主语 Chinese scientist Lu Qi与 award“授予”之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was awarded。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国科学家卢琦上周二因在应对沙漠化、土地退化和干旱方面的贡献，被联合国环境规划署（UNEP）授予2024年度“地球卫士奖”之“科学与创新奖”。本句谓语为was awarded，此处为非谓语动词，one’s contributions to 表示“某人对……的贡献”，其中to是介词，本空用address“设法解决”的动名词addressing，作宾语。故填addressing。 3．考查定语从句。句意：他是首位获此殊荣的中国人。“____ has been honored in this category”是定语从句，先行词是Chinese，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或who引导。故填that或who。 4．考查连词。句意：据联合国环境规划署称，卢琦在实施世界上最大的植树造林项目以及建立专家研究网络和伙伴关系方面发挥了关键作用。in carrying out the world’s largest afforestation (造林) project与in establishing expert research networks and partnerships是并列关系，所以用连词and连接。故填and。 5．考查名词。句意：这一奖项是对中国林业和草原工作的最高认可，也是对致力于治沙的科技工作者的最大鼓励。本空作表语，且被the highest修饰，应用名词recognition“认可”，故填recognition。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一奖项是对中国林业和草原工作的最高认可，也是对致力于治沙的科技工作者的最大鼓励。be devoted to表示“致力于”，本句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词，“____ (devote) to sand control”作后置定语，修饰“the scientists and technologists”，故用过去分词形式作定语。故填devoted。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：一年一度的“地球卫士奖”是联合国的最高环境奖项，旨在表彰那些为保护人类和地球而努力的先驱者。本句谓语为recognizes，此处为非谓语动词，make efforts to do sth.表示“努力做某事”，为固定搭配，所以本空用动词不定式to protect。故填to protect。 8．考查介词。句意：自2005年以来，已有122位获奖者因杰出且鼓舞人心的环境领导力而获此殊荣。根据have been honored可知，句子时态是现在完成时，“since + 时间点”常与现在完成时连用，表示“自从……以来”，所以此处用介词since。故填since。 9．考查副词。句意：卢琦表示，“地球卫士奖”将激励更多的科学家和生态工作者，尤其是年轻一代，积极为全球环境保护和实现联合国2030年目标做出贡献。本空修饰动词contribute，作状语，用副词actively“积极地”。故填actively。 10．考查形容词。句意：卢琦还表示，希望通过“一带一路”倡议和全球发展倡议等举措，在全球范围内分享更多有效且适应性强的荒漠化防治技术。本空修饰 desertification control technologies，用形容词effective“有效的”，与adaptable并列，作定语。故填effective。 重难语篇练习 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Four centuries ago, there were many star watchers, and among them one man stood out. Johannes Kepler (1571—1630) was 1 mathematician and astronomer who not only observed but also sought 2 (explain) the celestial (天体的) dance above. Kepler 3 (become) interested in astronomy when he was a little kid. After he grew up, he used simple mathematics to create three laws of planetary motion, 4 revolutionized astronomy. “The era in which Kepler lived was one of great change,” said Dr. Dan Lewis, a leader of the Huntington Library in San Marino. “Religious leaders were 5 (willing) to change their ideas about the heavens.” As a result, Kepler and his wife created a code with which they wrote 6 (letter) to each other so that their correspondence would not put them 7 risk. Near the end of the sixteenth century, Kepler studied under Tycho Brahe, 8 (absorb) a great deal of information based on Tycho’s observations. In 1604, Kepler saw the last supernova (超新星) observed in our Milky Way Galaxy, which he documented two years later in his book De Stella Nova. 9 (name) after him, the dying star, was 10 (initial) as bright as Mars when it exploded and could be seen with the naked eye (裸眼). 【答案】 1．a 2．to explain 3．became 4．which 5．unwilling 6．letters 7．at 8．absorbing 9．Named 10．initially 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了天文学家开普勒的故事。 1．考查冠词。句意：约翰内斯·开普勒（1571—1630）是一位数学家和天文学家，他不仅观察天体，还试图解释天上的“舞蹈”。空处表示泛指，意为“一位数学家和天文学家”，应用不定冠词，且mathematician的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：约翰内斯·开普勒（1571—1630）是一位数学家和天文学家，他不仅观察天体，还试图解释天上的“舞蹈”。固定短语seek to do sth.意为“试图做某事”，空处应用explain“解释”的不定式形式。故填to explain。 3．考查动词时态。句意：开普勒在小时候就对天文学产生了兴趣。空处作句子的谓语，根据“when he was a little kid”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填became。 4．考查定语从句。句意：长大后，他用简单的数学知识提出了行星运动的三大定律，彻底改变了天文学。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词three laws of planetary motion作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 5．考查形容词。句意：宗教领袖不愿意改变他们对天体的看法。空处作表语，结合“Religious leaders”可知，形容词willing的反义词unwilling“不愿意的”符合题意。故填unwilling。 6．考查名词的数。句意：因此，开普勒和妻子发明了一种密码，用来互相写信，以免他们的通信给他们带来危险。空处作wrote的宾语，且空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词letter“信件”应用复数形式。故填letters。 7．考查介词。句意：因此，开普勒和妻子发明了一种密码，用来互相写信，以免他们的通信给他们带来危险。固定短语put sb. at risk意为“使某人处于危险中”。故填at。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：在16世纪末，开普勒师从第谷·布拉赫，吸收了大量基于第谷观测的信息。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，absorb“吸收”和Kepler逻辑上是主动关系，因此用absorb的现在分词形式，作状语。故填absorbing。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：这颗以他命名的垂死恒星在爆炸时最初像火星一样明亮，肉眼可见。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，短语be named after意为“以……命名”，name和the dying star逻辑上是被动关系，因此用name的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Named。 10．考查副词。句意：这颗以他命名的垂死恒星在爆炸时最初像火星一样明亮，肉眼可见。空处作时间状语，应用initial的副词形式initially，意为“最初地”。故填initially。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Deng Jiaxian was born in Huaining, Anhui Province on June 25, 1924. He entered the Southwest Associated University in 1941. In 1948, Deng 1 (admit) to the Graduate School of Purdue University in the USA, 2 he received a doctorate in physics two years later. Nine days after he got his doctoral degree, he stepped onto the ship back to China and became 3 researcher of Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). He started nuclear theoretical research in 4 (cooperate) with Yu Min. In October 1958, together with many other scientists, Deng 5 (take) up the research work of atomic bombs. Deng led the team of 28 members at an average age of 23 to march toward the 6 (mystery) atomic kingdom. 7 (follow) the successful test of the atomic bomb, Deng led his team to join the research group 8 (lead) by Yu Min in1965 and immediately started the design of the hydrogen bomb. In an experiment in 1979, a bomb fell directly down to the ground because of a crack in the parachute. He rushed to the spot and examined it 9 (careful). Unfortunately, this led to radiation sickness. He continued to work 10 spite of illness until 1985. On his sickbed, he said, “I knew this day will come, but hadn’t expected it so soon.” After Deng passed away, his friend Chen-Ning Yang wrote an article in mourning. 【答案】 1．was admitted 2．where 3．a 4．cooperation 5．took 6．mysterious 7．Following 8．led 9．carefully 10．in 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了我国著名核物理学家邓稼先的事迹。 1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：1948年，邓稼先被美国普渡大学研究生院录取，两年后获得物理学博士学位。根据后文in 1948可知应用一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为Deng，助动词用was。故填was admitted。 2．考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Graduate School of Purdue University in the USA，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。故填where。 3．考查冠词。句意：获得博士学位九天后，他乘船回到中国，成为中国科学院近代物理研究所的一名研究员。researcher为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且researcher是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 4．考查名词。句意：他开始与于敏合作进行核理论研究。结合句意表示“与……合作”短语为in cooperation with，名词作宾语。故填cooperation。 5．考查动词时态。句意：1958年10月，邓稼先与其他许多科学家一起，开始了原子弹的研究工作。根据后文in October 1958可知应用一般过去时。故填took。 6．考查形容词。句意：邓稼先率领平均年龄只有23岁的28人团队，向神秘的原子王国挺进。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词kingdom。故填mysterious。 7．考查介词。句意：在原子弹试爆成功后，邓稼先于1965年率领团队加入了于敏领导的研究小组，并立即开始了氢弹的设计。句中应使用介词following与后文的名词构成介词短语，意为“紧接着，在（某事）以后”。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Following。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。前文中led为谓语动词，此处lead为非谓语动词，与逻辑主语group构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填led。 9．考查副词。句意：他冲到现场仔细查看。修饰动词examined应用副词carefully，作状语。故填carefully。 10．考查介词。句意：尽管生病，他仍继续工作，直到1985年。结合句意表示“尽管”短语为in spite of。故填in。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World 语法填空10篇 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 科学与科学家 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Professor Chen Ning Yang, a Nobel prize winner in Physics, is one of the 1 (great) physicists of the 20th century, having made revolutionary contributions to the development of modern physics. 2 (regard) as one of the cornerstones of modern physics alongside Maxwell’s equations and Einstein’s theory of general relativity, the Yang-Mills Gauge Theory, which Yang 3 (propose) with Robert Mills in 1954, laid the foundation for the subsequent Standard Model of particle physics. Yang’s 4 (collaborate) with Tsung-Dao Lee on the groundbreaking concept of parity non-conservation (宇称不守恒) in weak interactions earned them the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics, making them the first two Chinese Nobel Prize winners. In 1966, he became the Albert Einstein Professor at the State University of New York at Stony Brook and then he founded the Institute for Theoretical Physics 5 he worked until 1999. He achieved numerous breakthroughs in particle physics, statistical physics, and condensed matter physics, 6 (complete) shaping the development of these disciplines. Professor Yang was deeply devoted to his homeland, making 7 (remark) contributions to China’s scientific and educational developments. His visit to China in 1971 sparked (引发) a wave of visits by overseas scholars, 8 (earn) him recognition as the pioneer in building the bridge of academic exchange 9 China and the United States. Professor Yang’s life was an everlasting legend in exploring 10 unknown and a profound embodiment (体现) of his love for his homeland. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are few people in human history 1 last names alone are sufficient to bring to mind kindness, goodness, wisdom, grace — Mandela, Gandhi, King, Lincoln. Add to that list Goodall. The other four left us years ago. On Oct. 1, 2025, Jane Goodall — primatologist, zoologist, anthropologist and 2 (conserve) joined them, dying at the age of 91. Her death, while on a speaking tour, 3 (confirm) by the Jane Goodall Institute. The prose (散文) of the announcement was a fitting reflection of the quiet and deliberate way Goodall lived her 4 (remark) life-qualities that were essential 5 work that required hours, months, and years in the jungles and clearings of Africa, most notably in the Gombe National Park in Tanzania. It was 1960 6 Goodall first arrived in Gombe, part of a group of three young naturalists. Most of Dr. Goodall’s observations focused on several generations of 7 troop of 30 to 40 chimpanzees, the species 8 (genetic) closest to humans. Dr. Goodall was the first scientist 9 (explain) to the world that chimpanzee mothers are capable of giving birth only once every four and a half to six years. Since the 1970s Dr. Goodall has continued to spend less time observing chimpanzees and far more time 10 (seek) to protect them and their disappearing habitat. She made it clear that she was opposed to capturing wild chimpanzees for display in zoos or for medical research. Passage 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jane Goodall, a scientist whose studies of wild chimpanzees have made her a household name, died on October 1, 2025, at the age of 91. 1 (consider) the world’s leading expert on chimpanzees, she found her approach initially met with much 2 (criticize) from other scientists. She observed the animals in the forest, 3 (give) them names and documenting their unique personalities. However, Goodall never doubted 4 she was doing was right. She owed this courage 5 her mother, who stayed with her in the early days of her research when authorities opposed a young girl working alone in the forest. The world took notice of her work when her first article 6 (publish) in 1963. In 1965, she earned her doctorate and founded the Gombe Stream Research Center with her husband. The center, 7 she dedicated decades of her life, is now home to the longest, most 8 (detail) study of an animal in its natural habitat anywhere in the world. Goodall established her own institute in 1977, working closely with Gombe National Park’s surrounding communities 9 (advance) human prospects and guard natural treasures. Even in her 80s, she traveled about 300 days a year to meet with world leaders about climate change. Her pioneering work, which challenged previous conceptions of human uniqueness, forever changed how we view nature 10 (it). Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When visiting the Chinese mainland in early 2025, Jane Goodall spoke in an interview. “I treasure forests and animals, and I’m 1 (deep) invested in our planet’s future,” she said, generating widespread 2 (respond) when the interview was shared online. Goodall, the famous British zoologist and conservationist, made pioneering research in Tanzania’s Gombe region. 3 struck the world most was that she found that chimpanzees (黑猩猩) can reason, feel emotions like joy and sorrow, and use tools. These features had been thought unique to humans before she 4 (release) her findings, reshaping global understanding of chimpanzees. Many Chinese netizens recalled learning about Goodall and her touching stories in either English 5 biology classes. One netizen said, “She treated chimpanzees like friends and devoted her life to 6 (protect) animals from being harmed. Her moments with them will live on.” In an interview, Goodall reviewed 7 passage from a Chinese biology textbook about her early fieldwork. It described how chimpanzees initially escaped from her at 500 meters, forcing her 8 (use) telescopes. Months later, a male chimpanzee she named David ate near her camp. Each morning, she sat outside her tent (帐篷) to build trust with them. Jane Goodall passed away on October 1 at 91. She paid 9 (visit) to China at least 17 times, leaving a lasting impact through her work, which is featured in Chinese school textbooks. Social media platforms in China have been filled with 10 (respect) posts celebrating her dedication to wildlife and environmental protection. Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huang Xuhua, called “Father of Nuclear Submarines,” passed away in Feb. 2025. Born in 1926 in Guangdong, he witnessed China’s struggles during foreign invasions, 1 shaped his determination to strengthen the country through science. When China launched its nuclear submarine program in the 1950s, Huang immediately answered the call 2 limited technology and resources. To ensure secrecy, he cut contact with his family for decades, 3 (devote) himself entirely to research. The team faced various 4 (challenge). Their most critical task was achieving underwater stability through repeated trials. After two decades of efforts, China successfully tested its first nuclear submarine in the 1970s, becoming the fifth country 5 (master) this technology. Huang continued advancing submarine systems until his 6 (retire). His 7 (remark) contributions earned him the Medal of the Republic in 2019. Huang’s life teaches us that true progress 8 (require) both wisdom and devotion. Young people should embrace his spirit taking social responsibilities, facing difficulties 9 (brave), and keeping national interests above personal needs. It is only through such dedication 10 we can ensure his pioneering spirit lives on, lighting China’s path towards rejuvenation (复兴). Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Qian Xuesen was a well-respected scientist. Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian attended school in Beijing and then 1 (enter) Shanghai Jiaotong University to study engineering. When he realized China needed its own 2 (power) air force to protect the country, he went to the United States 3 (continue) his study. In 1955, he returned to China. He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was in charge 4 developing not only China’s rocket science 5 also its space and missile technology. When 6 (ask) “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?”, he replied with determination, “Why not? We Chinese are able to make 7 same things that other people make.” Under 8 (he) leadership, China 9 (successful) launched its first man-made satellite in 1970. Because of his great contribution, he earned the name of ‘the father of China’s aerospace’. On October 31, 2009, the whole country was saddened by his death. Until now, people have honored and remembered Qian in different 10 (way). Passage 7 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dr Jian Zhou was a molecular biologist and virologist who worked with Professor Ian Frazer to develop the technology toward the Gardasil and Cervarix vaccines (疫苗), 1 protect against viruses that cause cervical cancer. Born in Hangzhou, China, Dr Zhou graduated from Wenzhou Medical College and went on 2 (obtain) a Master’s degree from Zhejiang Medical University. He studied for a PhD at Henan Medical University, 3 (complete) this in 1987. He received a Doctor of Medicine from the University of Queensland in 1994. Dr Zhou’s interest in human papillomavirus (HPV) 4 (bring) him to Australia in 1990 to join Professor Ian Frazer’s Centre for Immunology and Cancer Research at the University of Queensland. Nearly all cervical cancers are caused by HPV and it 5 (believe) a vaccine against HPV might work. The vaccine required a particle that would stimulate an immune response to the virus, 6 without causing an infection. This was a significant focus of Dr Zhou’s work with Professor Frazer and in 1990, working also with his wife, he succeeded in creating a virus-like particle that was now the basis 7 the Gardasil and Cervarix vaccines. 8 (unfortunate), Dr Zhou died in 1999, at the age of 42. His work has had 9 huge impact on human health globally. The Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences is therefore delighted to establish an award in 10 (recognize) of Dr Zhou. The Jian Zhou Medal was made possible by a generous donation from the Frazer Family Foundation. Passage 8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Aircraft designer Gu Songfen and nuclear expert Wang Dazhong 1 (award) the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award, China’s top science honour, on 3rd November, 2021. They received the prize for their 2 (remark) contributions to scientific and technological innovation. Born in 1930, Gu is a well-known aircraft designer and an aviation strategy scientist. From 1961 to 1986, he served 3 the chief designer and director of the Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute, 4 is part of the Aviation Industry Corporation of China. He, together with his assistants, established 5 unique system, which was far more advanced than that in America. What’s more, he carried out two aviation strategic 6 (research), making a significant contribution to China’s aviation science and technology. Born in 1935, Wang is a 7 (distinguish) scholar and strategic scientist in international nuclear energy. He 8 (commit) himself to developing advanced nuclear energy systems with inherent safety features since he worked. 9 impresses the nation is that he has helped China make great progress in the development of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor technology, 10 (lay) an important foundation for the country to step into the forefront globally in the field of advanced nuclear energy. Passage 9 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese scientist Lu Qi 1 (award) the title of 2024 Champions of the Earth of Science and Innovation by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) for his contributions to 2 (address) desertification (沙漠化), land degradation and drought on last Tuesday. Lu is the chief scientist of the Chinese Academy of Forestry and founding president of the Institute of Great Green Wall. He is the first Chinese 3 has been honored in this category. According to the UNEP, Lu has played a key role in carrying out the world’s largest afforestation (造林) project 4 in establishing expert research networks and partnerships. This award is the highest 5 (recognize) and greatest encouragement for China’s forestry and grassland efforts, especially for the scientists and technologists 6 (devote) to sand control. The annual Champions of the Earth Award, the UN’s highest environmental honor, recognizes pioneers making efforts 7 (protect) the people and the planet. 122 recipients (接受者) of the award have been honored for outstanding and inspirational environmental leadership 8 2005. Lu said the Champions of the Earth Award would inspire more scientists and ecological workers, particularly younger generations, to contribute 9 (active) to global environmental protection and the achievement of the UN’s 2030 Goals. Lu also expressed a desire to see more 10 (effect) and adaptable desertification control technologies shared globally through initiatives such as China’s Belt and Road Initiative and the Global Development Initiative. 重难语篇练习 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Four centuries ago, there were many star watchers, and among them one man stood out. Johannes Kepler (1571—1630) was 1 mathematician and astronomer who not only observed but also sought 2 (explain) the celestial (天体的) dance above. Kepler 3 (become) interested in astronomy when he was a little kid. After he grew up, he used simple mathematics to create three laws of planetary motion, 4 revolutionized astronomy. “The era in which Kepler lived was one of great change,” said Dr. Dan Lewis, a leader of the Huntington Library in San Marino. “Religious leaders were 5 (willing) to change their ideas about the heavens.” As a result, Kepler and his wife created a code with which they wrote 6 (letter) to each other so that their correspondence would not put them 7 risk. Near the end of the sixteenth century, Kepler studied under Tycho Brahe, 8 (absorb) a great deal of information based on Tycho’s observations. In 1604, Kepler saw the last supernova (超新星) observed in our Milky Way Galaxy, which he documented two years later in his book De Stella Nova. 9 (name) after him, the dying star, was 10 (initial) as bright as Mars when it exploded and could be seen with the naked eye (裸眼). Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Deng Jiaxian was born in Huaining, Anhui Province on June 25, 1924. He entered the Southwest Associated University in 1941. In 1948, Deng 1 (admit) to the Graduate School of Purdue University in the USA, 2 he received a doctorate in physics two years later. Nine days after he got his doctoral degree, he stepped onto the ship back to China and became 3 researcher of Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). He started nuclear theoretical research in 4 (cooperate) with Yu Min. In October 1958, together with many other scientists, Deng 5 (take) up the research work of atomic bombs. Deng led the team of 28 members at an average age of 23 to march toward the 6 (mystery) atomic kingdom. 7 (follow) the successful test of the atomic bomb, Deng led his team to join the research group 8 (lead) by Yu Min in1965 and immediately started the design of the hydrogen bomb. In an experiment in 1979, a bomb fell directly down to the ground because of a crack in the parachute. He rushed to the spot and examined it 9 (careful). Unfortunately, this led to radiation sickness. He continued to work 10 spite of illness until 1985. On his sickbed, he said, “I knew this day will come, but hadn’t expected it so soon.” After Deng passed away, his friend Chen-Ning Yang wrote an article in mourning. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $