专题卷4 阅读理解一词句猜测题-【衡水金卷·先享题】2026年新高考英语二轮复习专题卷

高三二轮复习 ·英语 高三二轮复习专题卷四 英语 命题要素一览表 注： 1.能力要求： I.理解能力 Ⅱ.获取具体事实信息能力Ⅲ.推理判断能力Ⅳ.分析综合能力V.运用英语的能力 2.学科素养： ①语言能力②文化意识 ③思维品质④学习能力 知识点 能力要求 学科素养 预估难度 题号 题型 (主题内容) ⅡⅢ ① ② ③④ 档次 系数 1 阅读理解 细节理解题 中 0.65 2 阅读理解 词句猜测题 V 中 0.60 A 3 阅读理解 推理判断题 中 0.60 4 阅读理解 主旨大意题 N 难 0.55 1 阅读理解 细节理解题 VV 中 0.65 2 阅读理解 推理判断题 中 0.65 3 阅读理解 词句猜测题 V 中 0.60 4 阅读理解 主旨大意题 V V 难 0.55 1 阅读理解 推理判断题 V 中 0.65 阅读理解 推理判断题 V 中 0.65 C 3 阅读理解 词句猜测题 V 中 0.60 4 阅读理解 细节理解题 中 0.65 1 阅读理解 细节理解题 中 0.65 2 阅读理解 词句猜测题 中 0.60 D 3 阅读理解 细节理解题 V 中 0.65 4 阅读理解 主旨大意题 Vv 中 0.60 1 阅读理解 细节理解题 V√ 中 0.65 2 阅读理解 细节理解题 中 0.65 E 3 阅读理解 词句猜测题 中 0.60 4 阅读理解 推理判断题 中 0.60 考答案及解析 利用人工智能识别有蹄类动物情绪表达的突破性研究， 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项揭示了跨物种声音模式的进化保守性，并探讨了该技术 .13. ·英语· 参考答案及解析 在动物福利领域的应用前景。 适合作文章标题。故选D。 1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Remarkably, C these patterns were somewhat consistent across species, 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章就女性应该 suggesting that fundamental vocal expressions of emotions 如何看待外在美进行了论述。 are evolutionarily conserved.”可知，不同物种的情绪表 l.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“The fact that 达声音模式具有一致性，表明这些模式在进化上是保 89%of women want to lose weight shows how unattaina- 守的。“evolutionary similarities”对应“evolutionarily ble the measures of feminine beauty are..”可知，有些美 conserved”。故选B 丽的标准对于大部分人来讲是很难实现的，举Irina 2.D【解析】词句猜测题。根据画线短语上文“Under- Shayk的例子是为了进一步证明该观，点。故选D。 standing how animals express emotions can help us im- 2.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段“a woman with prove their well-being.Early detection of stress or dis- model features who has a passive coping style when it comfort enables us to intervene before it escalates. comes to her body may not feel beautiful.However,a Equally important,we could also promote positive emo- woman with less popular'features,using an active tions.”可知，该技术能改善动物福利，是改善动物福 coping method,may feel more beautiful.”可知，自信的 利的关键突破。故选D。 女性可能会感觉自己更美丽。故选A。 3.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“marking the 3.D【解析】词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“extreme first time such a cross-species study has successfully de- thinness is the prototype for what women should look tected emotions using AI..”可知，该技术具有创新性； like.This beauty ideal,as unattainable as it is extreme" 根据第三段“The Al-powered classification model could 和“women have experienced negative effects'”可知，西方 be used to develop automated tools for real-time monito- 关于“美”的标准是有害的，会给女性带来负面影响。 ring of animal emotions,transforming the way we ap- 故选D。 proach livestock management,vet care,and conservation 4.C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“We develop efforts.”可知，该技术可应用在畜牧业管理、兽医护理 our self-concept through interactions with others.If,ev- 等领域。故选A。 ery day,women receive information about how their 4.D【解析】主旨大意题。全文围绕A1解码动物情绪 bodies should look,our self-concept will diminish. 语言这一核心展开，D项能精准概括研究的技术、突 知，周围人的评价对人的自我概念的发展有着重要影 破和核心发现，适合作文章的最佳标题。故选D。 响。故选C。 0 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。CRISPR是一项 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。由于污染和全球 可能彻底改变医疗、农业等领域的突破性技术，但其广 气候变暖的缘故，马尔马拉海的海藻大量繁殖，形成了 泛应用依赖合理的监管框架、持续投资，以及公众对科 很多的海洋黏液。 学创新的信任。文章强调，只有平衡创新与风险管理， l.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Scientists first 才能真正释放其“改变世界”的潜力。 noticed and described mucilage in 2007,when it was 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Of the many found near Turkiye.”可知，这种黏液最初是在土耳其 patients who need an organ from a donor,90%go with- 附近被发现的。故选D。 out.”可知，需要器官捐赠的患者中，90%无法获得器 2.C【解析】词句猜测题。根据第四段“which results 官，即文章强调器官短缺的严重性。故选C。 in algae growing quickly and in huge numbers..”可知，当 2.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“But if,unlike 海藻的养分充足，其他条件也正合适时，海藻会大量 them,it is to live up to its world-changing potential,it 繁殖，过度生长。故选C。 will need to attract a continuing flow of investment- 3.A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“The muci-- which,in turn,means achieving some real-life succes- lage causes problems in lots of different ways.For one ses.”可知，CRISPR需要持续的投资以实现其潜力。 thing,by covering the ocean's surface,it stops sunlight 故选C。 from reaching all the sea life below.”以及“Because 3.B【解析】词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句“But there is so much algae,it takes up lots of oxygen from CRISPR is programmable,meaning that the same drug the seawater.That means that there's very little oxygen can be tweaked to target many different mutations. left for the other sea creatures that depend on it..”可知， 知，文章强调CRISPR的可编程性，暗示修改而非彻 这种海洋黏液对海洋生物的危害极大。故选A。 底改变，应该是对同一药物进行“调整”以针对不同 4.B【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要报道了由于污染 突变。故选B。 和全球气候变暖，土耳其海域内的马尔马拉海的海藻 4.D【解析】主旨大意题。全文围绕CRISPR的革命 大量繁殖，形成了很多海洋黏液，给海洋生物造成了 性潜力（治疗疾病、农业应用）与挑战（投资困难、法 威胁，B项最适合作标题。故选B。 规限制)展开。D项能准确概括CRISPR的双重性， ·14. 高三二轮复习 ·英语· studies challenge the idea that leader humor is always 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了领导 beneficial.While humor can be effective in control,ex- 者在职场中使用幽默的双刃剑效应。虽然适当的幽默 cessive use-一especially in hierarchical setting'”可知，画 可以提升员工土气和幸福感，但如果在等级分明的组织 线词应该与上文的“beneficial'”表示相反的意思；根据 中过度使用或管理不当，幽默可能适得其反。两项研究 画线词下文“Employees may pretend to enjoy their 发现，幽默的滥用会导致员工产生情绪耗竭和满意度下 bosses'jokes to keep a good relationship,even if they are 降，尤其是那些重视权力结构的员工。研究建议领导者 not funny.This forced engagement can consume their en- 应在使用幽默时考虑权力关系，注重幽默的质量而非 ergy,leading to emotional exhaustion and reduced job 数量。 satisfaction.”可知，领导者过度使用幽默会导致员工 l.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“These effects 压力增大、情绪耗竭和工作满意度下降，由此推断画 were strongest among employees who respected hierarchy 线词应该是“产生反效果，出问题”。故选A。 and accepted power differences between leaders and em- 4.C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“By being ployees.”可知，最受影响的是那些认同权力差异、尊 mindful of how power works and avoiding overuse,lead- 重等级制度的员工。故选C。 ers can create a more positive workplace environment." 2.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Participants 可知，研究建议领导者要注意权力结构和文化背景对 were led by an actor who pretended to be a bookstore 幽默的影响，从而恰当使用幽默，创造积极的职场环 manager”可知，这是典型的情境模拟实验(role-pla 境。A“保持轻松友好的风格”虽有提及，但是是第二 ying experiment),是该研究设计的核心特色。故 项研究的部分发现，不是整体建议；B“了解员工性 选D。 格”未被讨论；D“确保员工真实回应”虽是研究现象， 3.A【解析】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“These 但不是建议重点。故选C。 ·15…高三二轮复习专题卷四/英语 阅读理解一词句猜测题 (建议每篇用时7分钟)》 A Pioneering study shows researchers have successfully trained a machine-learning model to distinguish between positive and negative emotions in seven different ungulate species(有蹄类动物)，such as cows, pigs,and wild boars.By analyzing the audio (patterns of their vocalizations,the model achieved an impressive accuracy of 89.49%,marking the first time such a cross-species study has successfully detected emotions using AI. This breakthrough provides solid evidence that AI can decode emotions across multiple species based on vocal patterns.By analyzing thousands of vocalizations from ungulates in different emotional states,the researchers identified key patterns linked to emotions.The most important predictors of whether an emotion was positive or negative included changes in duration,energy distribution,fundamental frequency,and amplitude modulation ()Remarkably,these patterns were somewhat consistent across species, suggesting that fundamental vocal expressions of emotions are evolutionarily conserved. The study's findings have far-reaching implications.The Al-powered classification model could be used to develop automated tools for real-time monitoring of animal emotions,transforming the way we approach livestock management,vet care,and conservation efforts."Understanding how animals express emotions can help us improve their well-being.Early detection of stress or discomfort enables us to intervene before it escalates.Equally important,we could also promote positive emotions.This would be a game-changer for animal welfare,"explains Elodie F.Briefer,Associate Professor at the Department of Biology and last author of the study. To support further studies,the researchers have shared their database of labeled emotional calls online from the seven ungulate species."We want this to be a resource for other scientists to accelerate research into how AI can help us better understand and respond to animals'emotions,offering exciting new possibilities for science,animal welfare,and conservation,Briefer concludes. 1.What do we know about the vocal patterns in paragraph 2? A.They vary greatly among species. B.They share evolutionary similarities. C.They focus mainly on positive emotional states. D.They are primarily influenced by human intervention. 2.What does the underlined phrase "a game-changer"in paragraph 3 mean? A.A revolution in monitoring animals. B.A milestone in interpreting vocal signals. C.A turning point for classifying vocal patterns.D.A breakthrough for enhancing animal well-being. 3.What information does the text provide about the study? A.Its innovation and application. B.Its background and funding. C.Its limitation and study method. D.Its procedures and further research. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.The Science Behind Ungulate Vocalizations B.The Study on Animals'Emotional Development C.AI Provides Opportunities for Animal Welfare D.AI Unlocks the Emotional Language of Animals B Of the many patients who need an organ from a donor,90%go without.About 240 million people live with rare genetic diseases,most of which cannot be treated.Each year poor diets cause more than 10 million early deaths.Suffering on such an immense scale can appear hopeless.However,a technique called CRISPR gene editing promises to help deal with these issues and many more-and wise regulation can spur it on. Last year the first new therapy went on the market.It seemingly cures sickle-cell disease 英语第1页（共4页） 衡水金卷·先享题· and beta-thalassemia,two blood disorders that afflict millions.If ongoing clinical trials succeed,a one-off therapy could provide life-long protection against heart attacks.Farming will benefit,too:CRISPR could raise yields or protect crops from climate change. Since CRISPR's discovery in 2012,it has begun replacing old ideas that never reached their full potential.Gene therapy,a different technique that uses viruses to insert genes into patients,can treat many rare genetic diseases but is often too expensive.Genetically modified (GM)crops,which swap genes between species,have faced misguided opposition in Europe and elsewhere.CRISPR offers an alternative to both.But if,unlike them,it is to live up to its world-changing potential,it will need to attract a continuing flow of investment-which,in turn,means achieving some real-life successes. Developing drugs that only a few people need has always been a difficult business issue and many CRISPR companies are struggling,despite government help meant to encourage them.But CRISPR is programmable,meaning that the same drug can be tweaked to target many different mutations.On- demand,small-batch (drugs for rare diseases could be made more cheaply if requirements on safety testing and manufacturing standards were loosened. Agriculture also badly needs reform.Gene-edited foods fall under GM regulation in many regions, despite being quite different:gene-edited plants have had their own genes modified rather than incorporating genes from other species.Mindful of the threat of climate change to food security,Britain is ready to implement new liberal laws governing gene-edited foods.However,public trust in regulators and scientists could become a problem. 1.What does the figure "90%"in the first paragraph emphasize? A.Increase in organ donors. B.High success rate of transplants. C.Lack of donor access to most patients. D.Solution to organ shortages by CRISPR. 2.What can be inferred from the text about the current situation of CRISPR? A.It has replaced gene therapy and GM crops. B.It has achieved its world-changing potential. C.It needs more investment to realize its full potential. D.It has no problem in getting into different types of cells in the body. 3.What does the underlined word "tweaked"in paragraph 4 probably mean? A.Tested. B.Adjusted. C.Removed. D.Simplified. 4.What is the best title for the text? A.CRISPR:A Cure for All Kinds of Diseases B.CRISPR:Ethical Risks in Genetic Engineering C.CRISPR:The Superior Alternative to GM Crops D.CRISPR:A Revolutionary but Challenging Technology C In a study of 4,000 people,56%of women described being unhappy with their physical appearance. Furthermore,89%wanted to lose weight,and 15%had used weight loss strategies for at least 5 years of their life. The fact that89%of women want to lose weight shows how unattainable(难以实现的)the measures of feminine (beauty are.For genetic and biological reasons,there are many different kinds of beauty.If we compare ourselves to the impossible measures that only 10%of the population can achieve naturally,we will always be "ugly".Even models who measure up to the "ideals"of beauty and fashion have also expressed dissatisfaction with their bodies.For example,Irina Shayk said that she feels insecure and ugly. Women who don't feel beautiful develop a style of passive emotional coping when faced with their image.On the contrary,active emotional coping refers to actions taken to gain control of the situation.This coping style involves the psychological activation of our resources to do things such as stress management. Current studies show that women are less influenced by their body mass index,and more influenced by the image they have of themselves.Therefore,a woman with model features who has a passive coping style when it comes to her body may not feel beautiful.However,a woman with less "popular"features, using an active coping method,may feel more beautiful. 高三二轮复习专题卷四 英语第2页（共4页） Really,the western beauty standard is detrimental because extreme thinness is the prototype ( for what women should look like.This beauty ideal,as unattainable as it is extreme,has been internalized by many women.In return,women have experienced negative effects in the way they see themselves. Negative self-concept influences the manner in which a woman faces her self-image.We develop our self-concept through interactions with others.If,every day,women receive information about how their bodies should look,our self-concept will diminish ()This is especially true if we don't try to control our own resources and strengths. 1.Why is Irina Shayk mentioned in paragraph 2? A.To explain what beauty means. B.To encourage women to learn from her. C.To prove that ugly women can be models too. D.To show some measures of beauty are hard to achieve. 2.What can be inferred from the current studies? A.Confident women may feel more beautiful. B.A passive coping style can be found in most women. C.Women pay more attention to their weight than their image. D.Women with model features are less influenced by their image. 3.What does the underlined word "detrimental"in paragraph 5 probably mean? A.Official. B.Unlimited. C.Achievable. D.Harmful. 4.What plays an important role in developing our self-concept? A.Experience. B.Knowledge. C.Judgment. D.Appearance. D Sea life near Tuirkiye is being threatened by a layer of brown foam on the ocean's surface. The actual name for the foam is mucilage ()Scientists first noticed and described mucilage in 2007,when it was found near Tuirkiye.Then,it was also found in other parts of the Aegean Sea,near Greece. This year's outbreak of mucilage is the worst ever recorded.It's been developing for seven months and is now covering large parts of the Sea of Marmara.The Sea of Marmara is an "inland sea",surrounded by land belonging to Tuirkiye,and connected to the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea. There are many different kinds of algae ()and it's natural and normal for algae to grow in the ocean or in other bodies of water.But when there is lots of food for the algae,and other conditions are just right,there can be "an algae bloom",which results in algae growing quickly and in huge numbers.And in very bad situations,mucilage is the result. There are two main causes for the present outbreak of mucilage.One is the heavy pollution-sewage, fertilizers,and other chemicals-flowing into the Sea of Marmara.The second cause is higher water temperatures because of climate change. The mucilage causes problems in lots of different ways.For one thing,by covering the ocean's surface,it stops sunlight from reaching all the sea life below."This mucilage is now covering the sea surface like a tent canvas,"says Muharrem Balci,who teaches biology at Istanbul University.Because there is so much algae,it takes up lots of oxygen from the seawater.That means that there's very little oxygen left for the other sea creatures that depend on it.The BBC reports that divers in the area are seeing large numbers of dying fish.After a while,the mucilage falls to the bottom of the ocean,where it covers the sea floor,threatening to poison creatures that live there,like crabs and mussels.This year,the mucilage has been found as deep as 30 meters below the surface. 1.What do we know about mucilage? A.It generally doesn't last long. B.It had never existed before 2007. C.It is mainly formed in inland seas. D.It was first noticed near Tuirkiye. 2.What does the underlined part"an algae bloom"in paragraph 4 refer to? A.A good harvest of algae. B.The increasing use of algae. C.The explosive growth of algae. D.A continuing popularity of algae. 英语第3页（共4页） 衡水金卷·先享题· 3.What can be inferred about mucilage from the last paragraph? A.It can greatly threaten sea life. B.It has drawn attention worldwide. C.It will lead to food shortages for humans. D.It benefits some sea creatures but harms others. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.New Kinds of Algae Are Found in Tuirkiye B.Turkiye's Coastal Waters Are Covered with Mucilage C.Marmara Has Seen an Increase in Water Temperatures D.Endangered Sea Creatures in Marmara Have Been Protected E Leaders are often encouraged to use humor to lighten the mood,reduce stress,and improve morale ()Research has shown that leaders with a sense of humor are more motivating,and humor can enhance engagement and well-being.However,new research published in the Academy of Management Journal reveals that humor can have unintended negative effects,particularly in hierarchical ( workplace settings,when overused or mismanaged. In a field experiment involving 88 manager-employee pairs in Southern China,researchers examined the impact of leader humor.Managers were divided into two groups:one was encouraged to use humor in interactions,and the other focused on general communication improvements.Employees reported their experiences after a week,including whether they engaged in "surface acting"-faking laughter or positive reactions.The results showed employees feeling stressed to fake reactions experienced higher emotional exhaustion and lower job satisfaction.These effects were strongest among employees who respected hierarchy and accepted power differences between leaders and employees. A second study,conducted with 212 participants at a US business school,supported these findings. Participants were led by an actor who pretended to be a bookstore manager and used either frequent humor or avoided jokes entirely.When the leader was formal and authoritative during sessions,participants felt stressed to laugh,experienced emotional burnout and became less content with their jobs.In contrast, when the leader was casual and approachable,participants felt less pressure to fake their reactions and enjoyed the humor more. These studies challenge the idea that leader humor is always beneficial.While humor can be effective in control,excessive use-especially in hierarchical setting-can backfire.Employees may pretend to enjoy their bosses'jokes to keep a good relationship,even if they are not funny.This forced engagement can consume their energy,leading to emotional exhaustion and reduced job satisfaction. The research suggests that leaders should focus on using humor properly,prioritizing quality over quantity.By being mindful of how power works and avoiding overuse,leaders can create a more positive workplace environment.Less,in this case,might truly be more. 1.Who were most affected by leader humor? A.Employees committed to their work. B.Workers engaged in false interactions. C.Employees valuing rank and power inequality. D.Workers showing positive responses to leaders 2.What was a key feature of the second study? A.It took place in a bookstore. B.It focused on business leaders. C.It collected mental health data. D.It applied a role-playing method. 3.What does the underlined word "backfire"in paragraph 4 probably mean? A.Go wrong. B.Break down. C.Fire up. D.Back off. 4.How should leaders apply humor according to the research? A.By keeping a relaxed and friendly leadership style. B.By understanding each employee's personality first. C.By thinking about workplace culture and power views. D.By making sure employees respond with true feelings. 高三二轮复习专题卷四 英语第4页（共4页）