Unit 3 Environmental Protection Reading and Thinking 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

课文详解 Unit 3 Reading and Thinking 选择性必修三 1 CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD'S ATTENTION 气候变化需要全世界的共同关注 We have known about climate change for decades. 【1】There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). 【2】A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate. 和 =as well as 提供了证据 我们了解气候变化已经有几十年了。毫无疑问，地球是在变得越来越暖(见表)。海洋和气候变暖以及冰的融化和海平面的上升为全球气候的剧烈变化提供了证据。 climate change 气候变化 for decades 数十年 There is little doubt that……毫无疑问 a warming ocean and atmosphere 海洋和大气变暖 along with 与……一起 melting ice 正在融化的冰；冰川融化     rising sea levels海平面上升   a dramatic change剧变   (dramatic巨大的；突然的)   2 【1】. There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer. There is little doubt... 几乎没有疑问的是…… There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问的是…… There is some doubt about /whether sth.  对(是否 )…值得怀疑 I doubt whether/if 我怀疑是否...... that引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容 注意：doubt前有否定意义的词修饰时，其后的同位语从句由that引导；doubt前有肯定意义的词修饰时，其后的同位语从句由whether或if引导。 【长难句 】 3 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①There is some doubt ________ I can inspire him to study hard to achieve his goal. ②I doubted ________ my parents would agree that I had the right to manage my earnings. [写美]——一句多译 毫无疑问，用自己的双手劳动而不是依靠别人是非常有意义的。 ③_________________ it is very meaningful to work with our own hands rather than depend on others. (doubt n．) 毫无疑问，当你筋疲力尽时，一杯茶可以使你精力充沛。 a cup of tea can make you dynamic when you are worn out. whether whether/if There is no doubt that =We don't doubt that 4 【2】A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate. 海洋和大气变暖，以及冰层融化、海平面上升，都为全球气候急剧变化提供了依据。 句式分析 along with 连接前后两个主语时，谓语动词应和________那个主语保持一致，即“就远原则”。 前面的 Jim, along with his classmates, has seen the film. 就远一致的词还有哪些？ with， together with；along with; as well as;besides;apart from; except... 1. A library with five thousand books _________(offer) to the nation as a gift. 2. All but one _____ (be) here just now. 3. WeChat, as well as Ding Talk, __________ (play) an important part in daily communication nowadays. 4.The woman, along with two children, (come) here every day is offered were is playing 即学即用 comes In 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway’s Arctic island of Svalbard.【3】According to the scientists who found its dead body, all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones”.  【4】An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. 2013年，一张在挪威北极地区的斯瓦尔巴群岛上发现了一只北极熊尸体的新闻照片让很多人震惊。根据发现这只北极熊尸体的科学家的说法，这只北极熊只剩下“皮包骨头”了。一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从它尸体的位置看，这只熊似乎是饿死的。 Para2 be shocked by对……感到震惊 according to 根据，按照 skin and bones瘦骨嶙峋 appear to好像；似乎 Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth’s ecology.  专家称，由于气候变化造成的海冰水位较低，这只熊无法像以前那样捕猎海豹，所以他为了找到食物不得不去更远的地方。这一令人震惊的案例表明气温升高对地球生态产生了怎样的影响。 Para2 the low sea-ice levels海冰面降低 as before 像以前那样 travel greater distances长途跋涉 this alarming case这一令人担忧的情况  alarming令人担忧/惊恐的 the increase in ...在...方面的增长 have an impact/effect/influence on对……有影响 过去分词短语作定语，修饰sea-ice levels 【3】.According to the scientists who found its dead body, all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones”. who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词scientists that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词all, that不能用which代替 句意：根据发现北极熊尸体的科学家的说法，这只北极熊只剩下了“皮和骨头”。 只用that 引导定语从句的情况 1、定语从句修饰的词即先行词前面有形容词最高级时 2、先行词被the very/the only/the same/the last等修饰时 She is the only girl that has got a prize. 4、先行词正好是anything/everything/nothing/few/all/none/little/some等词时或被这些词修饰时。 All that can be done has been done. 5、先行词既有人，也有物时 【长难句】 9 1. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit. 2. Kae, ________ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. 3. Self-driving is an area ________ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. 4. The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. 5. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. which whose where whose that 【用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空】 10 【4】An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that [from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died]. 【长难句】 who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词An expert 宾语从句 一位长期研究北极熊的专家说，从实体的姿势看，这只北极熊像是饿死的。 【分析】…the bearappeared to have starved and died. ①appear/seem是系动词, appear/seem to do好像，似乎…… appeared to have starved and died,是appear/seem to have done结构，表示 starve这个动作发生在appear之前，是to do的完成形式。 ②starve v. (使) 挨饿；饿死 starvation n. 挨饿；starving adj. 极想的，渴望的 starve for 渴望，极想得到 starve to death 饿死 be starving for 渴望得到某物 完成句子 ①There is no doubt that every child ___________ knowledge . 毫无疑问，每个孩子都渴望知识。 ② The local people have been freed from ___________ . 当地人民已摆脱了饥饿。 ③I ______________ study English well，because mastering English means we can see the world through a new window. 我渴望学好英语，因为掌握英语意味着我们可以通过一个新窗口看世界 am starving to starves for starvation Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? 【5】Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”, which has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect. 【6】The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation. “The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. 那么是什么正在导致全球表面平均温度的上升呢？气候科学家经常提到一个被称为“温室效应”的关键气候过程，它有两个普遍的含义：“自然”温室效应和“人为”温室效应。自然”温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式使地球表面升温。热量以更长的波长释放回太空。  Para3 the global average surface temperature 全球平均地表温度 greenhouse effect 温室效应 3.refer to 指的是 ;参考；查阅；谈到，提及 4.as short-wave radiation 以短波辐射的形式 5.be released back into space 被释放回太空 6.at longer wave lengths 以更长的波长  【7】Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and carbon dioxide, trap some of the heat, keeping Earth’s climate warm and habitable. 【8】Without this process, Earth could not sustain life.However, the “man-made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature to rise quickly.  大气中的温室气体，如甲烷和二氧化碳，会吸收一些热量，使地球气候保持温暖和适宜居住。 没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。然而，“人为”温室效应现在已经成为一个大问题。然而，“人为”温室效应现在已经成为一个大问题。当人们燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。 Para3 1.keep Earth's climate warm and habitable 使地球的气候温暖宜居 2. trap the heat留住热量；吸收热量 3. sustain life维系生命 4. huge amounts of大量的（=a huge amount of） 5. burn fossil fuels燃烧化石燃料 6. be trapped in ...被困在...... 【长难句】 【5】Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”, which has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect. 过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词process which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰the “greenhouse effect” 句意：气候学家经常提到一个被称为“温室效应”的关键气候过程，它有两个常见的含义：“自然”温室效应和“人为”温室效应。 【7】The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation. 【长难句】 that引导同位语从句，修饰the fact 同位语从句：常常跟在order, report, wish, decision, suggestion, belief, doubt, fact, hope, message, news等抽象名词的____，一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容。 同位语从句的引导词 从属连词: that,whether 连接代词: what(ever)/who(ever)/which(ever)/whose/whom 连接副词: when(ever)/where(ever)//how(ever)/why 自然”温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式使地球表面升温。 后面 即学即用 1. They expressed the hope _______ they would come over to China soon. 2. Word has come _______ some American guests will come to our college for a visit next week. 3. He can’t answer the question _______ he got the money from his home yesterday. 4. Do you have any idea _______ is actually going on in the classroom? 5. The problem ________ we should have the meeting in the hall now must be decided at once. that that how what 不做成分，没有意义，不可省略 不做成分，没有意义，不可省略 做方式状语，意为：如何“，不可省略 做主宾表，不可省略 whether 不做成分，意为“是否”，不可省略 17 The news that he told me is really encouraging. The news that our team has won the game is really encouraging. that引导的定语从句和同位语从句的区别 同位语从句说明某些抽象名词order, report, wish, decision, suggestion, belief, doubt, fact, hope, message, news等的内容，不充当句子成分，但不可省略 定语从句修饰限定名词范围，关系代词代替先行词，在句中充当成分，充当宾语时可省略。 [练通]——写出下列句中加黑部分的含义 ①When I spoke of that girl, I wasn't referring to her daughter.____________ ②We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.____________ ③People who work in offices are usually referred to as “white collar workers”．____________ ④As the situation was unusual, he referred the matter to the editor.____________ 指的是 提及 把……称作…… 把……提交给… refer to指的是；涉及，提及；提交；参考，查阅 refer to...as... 把……称作…… refer...to... 把……提交给…… reference n. 提及；参考；查阅 referred-referred-referring 【长难句】 【7】Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and carbon dioxide, trap some of the heat, keeping Earth’s climate warm and habitable. 大气层中甲烷、二氧化碳等温室气体吸收了部分热量，从而使地球保持气候温暖、适宜居住。 v-ing 短语在句子中作结果状语 现在分词短语作状语时，现在分词和现在分词短语可以在句子中作状语 来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、 让步或伴随状况。功能上相当于状语从句，通常表示 主动意义 或 进行 意义，判断与主句主语之间的关系。 基本句型： 1. 现在分词（分词短语），主语＋谓语＋其他句子成份。 2. 主语＋谓语＋其他句子成份, 现在分词（分词 短语） 1. European football is played in more than 80 countries, ________ (make) it one of the most popular games in the world. 2. Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus ________ (cause) the delay. 3. ___________ (consider) the reasons mentioned above, we should take effective measures to protect our environment. 4. The leader stayed up all night, _________ (think) of what to do the next day. 5. __________________ (not receive) her reply, he decided to send another e-mail to her. making causing Considering thinking Not having received 现在分词作状语存在时态和语态的变化 主动 被动 一般式 完成式 doing having done being done 一般式 完成式 having been done 21 【长难句】 【8】Without this process, Earth could not sustain life. 本句中的without this process是介词短语，相当于条件状语从句，引起虚拟语气，称为含蓄虚拟条件句 含蓄虚拟条件句是英语虚拟语气的一种特殊表现形式，其核心特征在于不直接使用“if”引导的条件从句来明确表达假设条件，而是通过介词短语、特定动词、上下文语境或其他语法手段来暗示非真实或假设性的条件。 句型公式：without/otherwise/ or/ but for引导的含蓄虚拟条件句 Without‌ your timely assistance, the project ‌would have failed‌. (如果没有你的及时帮助，这个项目早就失败了。)‌ But for‌ the heavy traffic, we ‌would have arrived‌ on time. (要不是交通拥堵，我们本可以准时到达。) 没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。 Para4 【9】There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives.Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay.  【10】In fact, news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses.  有力且全面的证据表明，气温上升已导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加，不仅造成严重的破坏，而且还致人丧命。气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖的趋势可能会继续下去，并将使我们付出更高的代价。事实上，新闻报道经常播送造成死亡和经济损失的极端暴雨和热浪。 There is evidence that…有证据表明…… extreme whether极端天气     natural disaster自然灾害 cause serious damage造成严重损害 cost human lives使人丧命   (cost使丧失；使损失) take appropriate actions采取适当措施 the warming trend变暖趋势 8. there will be a higher price to pay将会付出更高代价 9 .cause deaths 造成死亡 cause economic losses造成经济损失 【9】There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. 【长难句】 主句 剩余的部分是that引导的同位语从句，解释evidence的具体内容。 not only…, but also…是两个并列的现在分词短语作结果状语 有力且全面的证据表明，气温上升已导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加，不仅造成严重的破坏，而且还致人丧命。 【10】In fact, news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses.  【长难句】 现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰rainstorms and heatwaves 事实上，新闻报道经常播送造成死亡和经济损失的极端暴雨和热浪。 Para5 Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 持续的温室气体排放将导致全球气候进一步变暖和引发长期的变化。这需要全世界人民的关注。各国政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体排放。 continued greenhouse gas emissions温室气体的持续排放 result in导致      further warming 进一步变暖 long-lasting changes长期改变  (long-lasting 持久的；长期的) consider doing sth. 考虑做某事      make policies (making a policy)制定政策 take appropriate actions and measures to do采取适当的行动和措施做某事 Para5 We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. 【11】It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. So what will you do to help? 作为个人，我们也可以通过限制生活方式产生的二氧化碳的量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。我们有责任抓住每一个机会，让每个人了解全球变暖及其原因和影响，因为这是影响我们这个星球上所有人的最严重的问题，那么你会怎么做呢？ as individuals 作为个人 restrict the amount of carbon dioxide限制二氧化碳排放量 It is our responsibility to do   .....是我们的责任 seize every opportunity 抓住每个机会    【11】It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. 【长难句】 不定式作真正的主语 原因状语从句 现在分词短语作定语 我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育每个人了解全球变暖的原因和影响，因为这是影响这个星球上我们所有人的最严重的问题。 【学以致用】　猜测词义/补全句子 ①_________________________________________________.(建议信) 鉴于你口语不好，我强烈建议你抓住每个机会说英语。 ③The moment I saw my father’s cloudy face_____________________________. 我一看到父亲阴云密布的脸，就感到恐惧。 I strongly suggest that you (should) seize every chance to speak English panic seized me/I was seized by panic seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制； 理解 seize sb by the arm抓住某人的胳膊 seize a chance/an opportunity抓住机会 表情感名词＋seize sb＝sb be seized with/by＋表情感名词，表示“某人感到……” 29 Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. fuel policy release restrict sustain trend Carbon dioxide is ________ through human activities such as destroying forests and burning fossil ________, as well as natural processes such as volcanic eruptions. The measurements by climate experts show a rising _______ of carbon dioxide emissions. If this continues, our planet will face further environmental disasters. In response to this environmental issue, China is implementing significant _______ and measures to address climate change, aiming to _______ coal consumption, promote a harmonious relationship between man and nature, build a __________ energy system, and advocate a moderate, green, and low-carbon lifestyle. released fuels trend policies restrict sustainable 2 根据课文内容填空。 As we know, Earth is getting warmer and warmer, ______results in melting ice and rising sea levels. In 2013, a dead polar bear ________ (find) on Norway’s Arctic island of Svalbard. Experts said that it was low sea-ice levels ______ (cause) by climate change _____ killed the polar bear. Scientists mention that the “man-made” greenhouse effect is a big problem. ______ rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, __________ (cause) serious damage and costing human lives. which was found caused that The causing The global climate’s further warming resulted _______ the continued greenhouse gas emissions _________ (require) the attention of people all over the world. Governments need to make policies and take measures __________(reduce) greenhouse gas emissions. As individuals, we should also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our _________ (lifestyle) produce. from requires to reduce lifestyles 根据课文内容填空。 THANKS null 22386.982 $